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Journal articles on the topic 'Sinus frontais'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Choudhary, Sarita, Navbir Pasricha, Garima Sehgal, et al. "APLASIA OF FRONTAL SINUS: CT STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 3, no. 4 (2015): 1620–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2015.237.

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Bobrov, V. M. "Polyethylene cannula for frontal sinus drainage after trepanopuncture." Kazan medical journal 67, no. 3 (1986): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70095.

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In the diagnosis and treatment of frontitis, frontal sinus trepanopuncture is widely used, after which the sinus is flushed and medication solutions are injected into it through a drainage cannula. Drainage cannula must be reliably fixed, have a sufficient lumen for the introduction of medications, not cause pain during manipulation, soft tissue bedsores. Existing metal cannulas with a mandrel for the frontal sinus do not meet all these requirements.

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AHLSTRÖM., GUSTAF. "Om empyeni i sinus frontalis." Nordiskt Medicinskt Arkiv 28, no. 12 (2009): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1896.tb01351.x.

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Ünal, Asude. "Giant frontal sinus mucopyocele." Praxis of Otorhinolaryngology 1, no. 3 (2014): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/kbbu.2013.47966.

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Schneider, G. "Zemento-ossifizierendes Fibrom des Sinus frontalis." Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie 89, no. 09 (2010): 556–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1253396.

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Gao, Ziwen, Farnaz Matin, Constantin Weber, Samuel John, Thomas Lenarz, and Verena Scheper. "High Variability of Postsurgical Anatomy Supports the Need for Individualized Drug-Eluting Implants to Treat Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Life 10, no. 12 (2020): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120353.

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Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease in the general population that is increasing in incidence and prevalence, severely affecting patients’ quality of life. Medical treatment for CRS includes self-management techniques, topical and oral medical treatments, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). FESS is a standard procedure to restore sinus ventilation and drainage by physically enlarging the inflamed sinus passageways. Nasal drug-releasing stents are implanted to keep the surgically expanded aperture to the sinus frontalis open. The outcome of such an intervention is highly variable. We defined the anatomical structures which should be removed, along with ‘no-go areas’ which need to be preserved during FESS. Based on these definitions, we used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to measure the dimensions of the frontal neo-ostium in 22 patients. We demonstrate anatomical variability in the volume and diameter of the frontal sinus recess after surgery. This variability could be the cause of therapy failure of drug-eluting implants after FESS in some patients. Implants individually made to fit a given patient’s postsurgical anatomy may improve the therapeutic outcome.

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Pavlov, Аrtem, Aleksandr Vinogradov, Irina Andreeva, Svetlana Zherebyat’eva, and Il’ya Bakharev. "Structural Features of sinus frontalis Depending on the Shape of the Supraorbital Margin." "Journal of Medical and Biological Research" 5, no. 1 (2017): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2542-1298.2017.5.1.72.

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Özbay, Musa. "Frontal sinüste nadir bir yabancı cisim: Silikon tüp." Turkish Journal of Ear Nose and Throat 23, no. 6 (2013): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/kbbihtisas.2013.47135.

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Epure, Veronica, and D. C. Gheorghe. "Frontal sinus trauma in children." Romanian Medical Journal 63, no. 1 (2016): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2016.1.12.

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Due to necessity of huge impact forces, fractures of the frontal sinus rarely occur isolated, they are mostly seen in association with other craniofacial or skull base lesions. The treatment of frontal sinus fractures in children has become more conservative in the last decades, due to increased accuracy of imaging techniques and endoscopy. Craniofacial CT is the golden standard in such cases. The choice of treatment varies in each particular case, depending on the presence of rinoliquoreea or involvement of nasofrontal recesses; the aim is to be as conservative as possible, in order not to interfere with the growing of the child’s face. The authors present two cases of complex facial trauma, both involving the posterior wall of the frontal sinus; still, the management was conservative in those cases.

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Noury, Mostafa, Raymond M. Dunn, Janice F. Lalikos, Gary M. Fudem, and Douglas M. Rothkopf. "Frontal Sinus Repair Through a Frontalis Rhytid Approach." Annals of Plastic Surgery 66, no. 5 (2011): 457–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0b013e3182185f14.

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ŞİMŞEK, Gökçe, Cem SAKA, İstemihan AKIN, and Gül SOYLU ÖZLER. "Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Isolated Frontal Sinus Pathologies: A Tertiary Center Experience." Türk Rinoloji Dergisi 3, no. 3 (2014): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24091/trhin.2014-41002.

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Pradeep, Dr Dindore, and Dr Milind Sabnis. "A Large Frontal Sinus Osteoma Presenting as Proptosis of the Eyeball." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 8 (2011): 522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/aug2013/165.

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Khan, Mohammed A., Waleed A. Alshareef, Osama A. Marglani, and Islam R. Herzallah. "Outcome and Complications of Frontal Sinus Stenting: A Case Presentation and Literature Review." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2020 (August 26, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8885870.

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Introduction. Frontal sinus surgery remains challenging to manage because of its complex anatomy and narrow outflow tract. A number of studies suggest the success of frontal sinus stenting to reduce postoperative complications in endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. However, failure and complications of frontal sinus stenting may occur. Method. We present a case of frontal sinus stenting with migration of the stent and erosion of the lamina papyracea together with a granulomatous reaction around the stent. PubMed and Medline search was also conducted to study the current evidence on frontal sinus stenting benefits and complications. Results. Still there are no guidelines or universally accepted indications for the use of frontal sinus stenting in the literature. A limited number of studies suggest the success of frontal sinus stenting to reduce postoperative stenosis in endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. However, failure and complications of frontal sinus stenting may occur. Infection, pain, edema, and stent obstruction may also occur. Our case report also highlights the potential of orbital complications as well as the consequences of inducing a granulomatous reaction. Conclusion. The value of frontal sinus stenting is still a subject of debate. Complications of frontal sinus stenting are not uncommon and thus necessitate regular follow-up.

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Hunter, B., S. Silva, R. Youngs, A. Saeed, and V. Varadarajan. "Long-term stenting for chronic frontal sinus disease: case series and literature review." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 11 (2010): 1216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215110001052.

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AbstractObjective:The frontal sinus outflow tract consists anatomically of narrow channels prone to stenosis. Following both endonasal and external approach surgery, up to 30 per cent of patients suffer post-operative re-stenosis of the frontal sinus outflow tract, with recurrent frontal sinus disease. This paper proposes the surgical placement of a long-term frontal sinus stent to maintain fronto-nasal patency, as an alternative to more aggressive surgical procedures such as frontal sinus obliteration and modified Lothrop procedures.Design:We present a series of three patients with frontal sinus disease and significant co-morbidity, the latter making extensive surgery a significant health risk. We also review the relevant literature and discuss the use of long-term frontal sinus stenting.Results:These three cases were successfully treated with long-term frontal sinus stenting. Stents remained in situ for a period ranging from 48 to over 60 months.Conclusion:Due to the relatively high failure rates for both endonasal and external frontal sinus surgery, with a high post-operative incidence of frontal sinus outflow tract re-stenosis, long-term stenting is a useful option in carefully selected patients.

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Sillers, Michael J., and Glenn E. Peters. "Meningioma of the Frontal Sinus." American Journal of Rhinology 9, no. 2 (1995): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065895781873908.

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Meningioma of the frontal sinus is a rare entity. Only nine cases of primary frontal sinus meningioma are reported in the literature. Two cases of frontal sinus meningioma, one primary and one secondary, are herein described. Each patient presented with headache and a frontal mass. Neither patient had fever or signs of meningeal irritation. Computerized tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses demonstrated frontal sinus opacification, posterior table bone erosion, and inferolateral displacement of the orbital contents in both patients. One patient underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that was officially interpreted as a frontal sinus mucocele and a small epidural abscess. Patients underwent unsuccessful endoscopic decompression for presumed mucoceles. Subsequent MRI in the second patient showed a large intracranial mass with extension into the frontal sinus. Treatment included frontal sinus obliteration and frontal craniotomy for removal of tumor, respectively. Meningioma was confirmed histologically in each patient. Although meningioma of the frontal sinus is rare, thorough evaluation, including MRI, should be considered for frontal sinus opacification in association with posterior table bone erosion.

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Daniel, M., J. Watson, E. Hoskison, and A. Sama. "Frontal sinus models and onlay templates in osteoplastic flap surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 1 (2010): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215110001799.

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AbstractObjective:Precise delineation of the extent of frontal sinus pneumatisation is a crucial step in osteoplastic flap frontal sinus surgery. The authors present a novel method of achieving this objective.Methods:First, models of the frontal area are generated using three-dimensional printing based on pre-operative computed tomography image data. These models are then used to create an onlay template of the frontal sinus, which is used intra-operatively.Results:In a series of 10 patients undergoing osteoplastic flap frontal sinus surgery, the described frontal sinus templates were consistently accurate to within 1 mm.Conclusion:Frontal sinus templates are potentially useful adjuncts to current techniques employed to guide frontal sinus surgery.

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Addison, E. M., M. A. Strickland, A. B. Stephenson, and J. Hoeve. "Cranial lesions possibly associated with Skrjabingylus (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) infections in martens, fishers, and otters." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 10 (1988): 2155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-321.

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Skulls of 631 martens (Martes americana), 810 fishers (Martes pennanti), and 373 otters (Lutra canadensis) collected throughout Ontario were examined for frontal bone lesions possibly induced by sinus nematodes of the genus Skrjabingylus. No lesions were found in marten skulls. Lesions were present in 13.4% of otter skulls and their distribution was similar between sexes and among age-groups. Among fishers, 11.6% of skulls exhibited lesions. Frequency of lesions tended to increase with age, and adult male fishers had fewer than adult females. Lesions were characterized by discolouration, swelling, and perforation of frontal bones in descending order of frequency. Lesions were largely confined to the pars temporalis of the frontal bones with a small number also found on the pars frontalis.

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Shahidi, S., G. M. Jama, and S. K. Ahmed. "The use of modified Silastic nasal splints as frontal sinus stents: a technical note." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 134, no. 3 (2020): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120000456.

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AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic frontal sinus surgery is frequently complicated by post-operative stenosis and obstruction of the frontal sinus outflow tract, resulting in recurrent disease. Frontal sinus stents may help prevent re-occlusion of the frontal neo-ostia.ObjectiveThis paper presents a simple and cost-effective approach to frontal sinus stenting using modified Silastic nasal splints.Results and conclusionThe current technique provides an effective, reliable and inexpensive method for achieving post-operative frontal sinus outflow tract patency.

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Punagi, Abdul Qadar, and Ervina Mariani. "Pendekatan eksternal dan endonasal dengan atau tanpa endoskopi pada mukosil sinus frontal." Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana 44, no. 2 (2015): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.32637/orli.v44i2.97.

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Latar belakang: Mukosil sinus paranasal merupakan lesi yang sifatnya tumbuh lambat dan bertahap. Mukosil ini biasanya disebabkan oleh obstruksi dari drainase sinus paranasal yang menghambat aliransekret dari sinus. Mukosil sinus paranasal biasanya tidak menunjukkan gejala pada hidung dan sinus, serta sering ditemukan di regio frontoetmoid. Tujuan: Membagi pengalaman dalam penatalaksanaan yang kami lakukan pada beberapa kasus mukosil sinus frontal. Kasus: Tiga kasus mukosil sinus frontal di RSU Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar yang ditatalaksana secara bedah dengan pendekatan endoskopik dan eksternal. Penatalaksanaan: Marsupialisasi endoskopik dengan kombinasi pendekatan internal dan eksternal serta identifikasi jalur drenase sinus frontal. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan bedah mukosil sinus frotal dapat dilakukan melalui pendekatan transnasal / endonasal, secara endoskopik dan/atau eksternal.Kata kunci: Mukosil sinus frontal, transnasal, endonasal, endoskopi. ABSTRACTBackground: Paranasal sinus mucoceles are gradually expanding lesion. They usually cause obstruction to the normal drainage channels of paranasal sinuses that leads to accumulation of secretions within the sinus cavity. These patients classically do not presenting nose and sinuses symptoms and 60% of paranasal sinus mucoceles are found in the frontoethmoidal region. Purpose: Sharing experience of the management of frontal sinus mucoceles. Cases: Three cases of frontal sinus mucoceles at WahidinSudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar which treated by endoscopic and external approach were presented. Management: Endoscopic marsupialitation with combination of internal and external approaches. Conclusion: Endonasal endoscopically management of frontal sinus mucocele with or without external approach is a grave surgical challenge.Keywords: Frontal sinus mucocele, transnasal, endonasal, endocopy.

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Silverman, Joshua B., Stacey T. Gray, and Nicolas Y. Busaba. "Role of Osteoplastic Frontal Sinus Obliteration in the Era of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/501896.

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Objective. Determining the indications for osteoplastic frontal sinus obliteration (OFSO) for the treatment of inflammatory frontal sinus disease.Study Design. Retrospective case series from a single tertiary care facility.Methods. Thirty-four patients who underwent OFSO for chronic frontal sinusitis () and frontal sinus mucocele () comprised our study group. Data reviewed included demographics, history of prior frontal sinus operation(s), imaging, diagnosis, and operative complications.Results. The age range was 19 to 76 years. Seventy percent of patients with chronic frontal sinusitis underwent OFSO as a salvage surgery after previous frontal sinus surgery failures, while 30% underwent OFSO as a primary surgery. For those in whom OFSO was a salvage procedure, the failed surgeries were endoscopic approaches to the frontal sinus (69%), Lynch procedure (12%), and OFSO outside this study period (19%). For patients with frontal sinus mucocele, 72% had OFSO as a first-line surgery. Within the total study population, 15% of patients presented for OFSO with history of prior obliteration, with a range of 3 to 30 years between representations.Conclusions. Osteoplastic frontal sinus obliteration remains a key surgical treatment for chronic inflammatory frontal sinus disease both as a salvage procedure and first-line surgical therapy.

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Gnanavelraja, C., S. D. Nalinakumari, and M. Rajajeyakumar. "Anatomical Variation in the Drainage Pattern of Frontal Sinus – A Cadaveric Study." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 08, no. 03 (2019): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1700310.

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Abstract Background A proper and detailed knowledge about the frontal sinus drainage pathway is essential for the radiologist to interpret the computed tomography scan of the paranasal air sinuses to find out normal and variant in the anatomy of frontal sinus ostium, and also for the surgeons to do endonasal sinus surgery particularly in the frontal sinus area with enough confidence and to give good postoperative result. With this background, the present study was focused to study the variation in the drainage pattern of frontal sinus in relation to uncinate process in cadaveric specimens. Materials and Methods The midsagittal section of head and neck portion of 40 cadaveric specimens with intact frontal sinus and frontal sinus drainage pattern were selected. By careful dissection, pattern of frontal sinus drainage was identified and pattern of drainage of frontal sinus in relation with uncinate process was studied. Result Frontal sinus drainage pattern is anteromedial to uncinate process (Type 1) in 28 specimens (70%) and posterolateral to uncinate process (Type 2) in 12 specimens (30%). Conclusion The results of our study show that the frontal sinus drainage pattern is more commonly present anteromedial to uncinate process compared with posterolateral position. This variation in the drainage pattern of frontal sinus should be kept in mind by the radiologist to give proper radiological interpretation and by the surgeons to avoid intraoperative complications and also to give good postoperative result.

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Alon, E. E., E. Glikson, Y. Shoshani, A. Dobriyan, R. Yahalom, and A. Yakirevitch. "Repair of frontal sinus fractures: clinical and radiological long-term outcomes." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 135, no. 5 (2021): 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215121001006.

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AbstractObjectiveThe long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of patients surgically treated for frontal sinus fracture were assessed.MethodsA retrospective, single-centre analysis was conducted of patients treated for frontal sinus fracture in a tertiary trauma centre between 2000 and 2017. Patients who underwent surgical repair for frontal sinus fracture followed by clinical and radiographical evaluation for at least six months were included.ResultsOf 338 patients admitted with frontal sinus fracture, 77 were treated surgically. Thirty patients met the inclusion criteria for long-term follow-up. The average follow-up duration was 37 months (range, 6–132 months). Reconstruction, obliteration and cranialisation of the frontal sinus fracture were performed in 14, 9 and 7 patients, respectively. Two patients with a reconstructed frontal sinus and one with an obliterated frontal sinus developed mucoceles. One patient developed forehead disfigurement following obliteration.ConclusionLong-term complications of frontal sinus repair using the chosen repair techniques are rare, but patients need to be made aware of these potential complications.

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TANYERİ, Hasan Murat, and Şenol POLAT. "Our Endoscopic Frontal Sinus Surgery Technique: Long Term Results." Türk Rinoloji Dergisi 2, no. 2 (2013): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24091/trhin.2009-16540.

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Carter, Kenny B., David M. Poetker, and John S. Rhee. "Sinus Preservation Management for Frontal Sinus Fractures in the Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Era: A Systematic Review." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 3, no. 3 (2010): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1262957.

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We systematically reviewed the existing literature supporting the efficacy and safety of sinus preservation management for frontal sinus fractures in the modern era of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. A systematic review of the English literature for the targeted objective was conducted using the PubMed database between January 1995 and August 2008. The PubMed database was queried using two major search terms of frontal sinus fracture or frontal sinus injury along with manual review of citations within bibliographies. Citations acquired from the primary search were filtered and relevant abstracts were identified that merited full review. Articles were identified that included any cohort of patients with frontal sinus fractures involving the frontal sinus outflow tract or posterior wall with sinus preservation management. A total of 231 citations were generated, and 56 abstracts were identified as potentially relevant articles. Sixteen articles merited full review, with seven articles meeting inclusion criteria for sinus preservation. There were 515 total patients in the studies with 350 patients managed with frontal sinus preservation. Similar short-term complications and effectiveness were found between fractures managed with sinus preservation and those with traditional management. Sinus preservation appears to be a safe and effective management strategy for select frontal sinus fractures. More transparent reporting of management strategies for individual cases or cohorts is needed. A standardized algorithm and categorization framework for future studies are proposed. Longer-term follow-up and larger prospective studies are necessary to assess the safety and efficacy of sinus preservation protocols.

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Mane, Shashikant B., Madhav P.Kanse, Hema S. Mohite, and Shila D. Kadam. "STUDY OF FRONTAL AIR SINUS OPENING IN HIATUS SEMILUNARIS OF NASAL CAVITY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 6, no. 1.1 (2018): 4844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.481.

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Sharma, Dinesh. "Forensic Study on Sex Identification Using Radiographic Morphometric Evaluation of Frontal Sinus." International Journal of Healthcare Education & Medical Informatics 06, no. 01 (2019): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.9199.201903.

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Iordan, A., and D. Ulmeanu. "Méthode d’analyse morphométrique vectorielle des sinus frontaux." Morphologie 92, no. 296 (2008): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2008.02.005.

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Righini, C. A., I. Atallah, and E. Reyt. "Élargissement optimal de l’abord des sinus frontaux." Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale 133, no. 5 (2016): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aforl.2016.03.005.

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Lopez Gonzalez, Demian Manzano, and Pablo Rubino. "Unusual case of isolated frontal sinus mycosis after several years of frontal sinus fracture: case report." Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 33, no. 04 (2014): 368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1626243.

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AbstractFractures of the frontal sinus account for 5 to 12% of all the maxillofacial fractures. There are different complications related to frontal sinus fractures and some of them may develop even years after the traumatic episode. Isolated fungal infection of the frontal sinus is very exceptional. The most commonly affected paranasal sinus by fungal infection is maxillary sinus. We present an unusual case of isolated fungal infection of the frontal sinus on an immunocompetent patient who had an old frontal sinus fracture that had happened 70 years before. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which these particular circumstances coexist.

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Shrestha, Bikash Lal, and Sameer Karmacharya. "Radiological Analysis of Frontal Cells and its Association with Frontal Sinus Mucosal Disease: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 27, no. 1 (2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2019.v27i1.218.

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Introduction The frontal sinus and frontal recess both have complex anatomy causing difficulty during endoscopic sinus surgeries. The term frontal cells is currently used to describe a group of anterior ethmoidal cells classified by Kuhn et al into 4 types. Though there are precise descriptions, the frequency of frontal sinus cells (FSCs) varies widely in the literature. The presence of FSCs is responsible for a narrowing of the frontal sinus outflow tract which subsequently causes a partial obstruction of drainage and aeration of the frontal sinus. Our main aim is to the see the distribution of different frontal cells in Nepali population and relation with frontal sinus mucosal disease.  Materials and Methods This prospective, longitudinal study performed in 110 consecutive patients who underwent CT scan of nose and paranasal sinuses. The frontal cells and agger nasi cells were identified and association between the frontal cells and agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease was analyzed with chi square test.  Results The agger nasi was present in 83.63% CT scans whereas frontal cells were distributed in 61.82% CT (computed tomogram) scans. There was not statistical significance and any association between the frontal cells and agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease.  Conclusion The frontal cells and agger nasi cells distribution in Nepalese population, even though in small sample size, is similar with other studies in the literature. There is also non association of either frontal cells or agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease.

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Choudhury, N., A. Hariri, and H. Saleh. "Extended applications of the endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, no. 9 (2016): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215116008483.

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AbstractObjective:The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure is mainly used for refractory frontal sinusitis. However, we have used it as an access procedure to facilitate treatment for an extended range of additional frontal sinus pathologies.Methods:A retrospective review of patients who underwent the endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure for ‘alternative’ frontal sinus pathologies was conducted. Patient data were reviewed. The main outcome parameter measured was signs of recurrence.Results:Twelve patients (6 males, 6 females) from a 7-year study period, with a mean age of 45.2 years (range, 16–78 years), were analysed. The surgical indications included frontoethmoidal mucoceles, cerebrospinal fluid leaks within the frontal sinus, cystic fibrosis, frontal sinus osteoma, frontal sinus ossifying fibroma and frontal silent sinus syndrome. The mean follow-up period was 33.3 months. There were no known recurrences.Conclusion:We have used the endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure for a range of frontal sinus pathologies, safely and effectively, with no peri-operative complications.

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Gulsen, Salih. "Management of Persistent Hypotension after Resection of Parasagittal Meningioma." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 3 (2014): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.086.

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Various complications including air embolism have been discussed in large clinical series regarding the parasagittal meningioma. We presented and discussed the patient suffering from persistent hypotension after excision of parasagittal meningioma. A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of headache and frontal region swelling. His cranial MRI showed a bilaterally located parasagittal meningioma at the anterior one third of the sagittal sinus. Conspicuously, he had large frontal sinus and its length was about totally 7 cm in sagittal and transverse part.During cranitomy, we had to open frontal sinus because of its large size and open the sagittal sinus while removing of the tumor. So coincidental opening of the superior sagittal sinus and/or emissary veins located within diploe of the cranium and frontal sinus may cause hypotension after extubation due to normal respiration led to air escaping from the frontal sinus to the emissary veins placed next to the frontal sinus. Bilateral application of the tamponade embedded with vaseline inside to the nose prevents air escaping from the frontal sinus to the emissary veins.

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Choi, Kevin J., Bora Chang, Charles R. Woodard, David B. Powers, Jeffrey R. Marcus, and Liana Puscas. "Survey of Current Practice Patterns in the Management of Frontal Sinus Fractures." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 10, no. 2 (2017): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1599196.

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The management of frontal sinus fractures has evolved in the endoscopic era. The development of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has been incorporated into management algorithms proposed by otolaryngologists, but the extent of its influence on plastic surgeons and oral and maxillofacial surgeons is heretofore unknown. A cross-sectional survey was performed to assess the practice pattern variations in frontal sinus fracture management across multiple surgical disciplines. A total of 298 surveys were reviewed. 33.5% were facial plastic surgeons with otolaryngology training, 25.8% general otolaryngologists, 25.5% plastic surgeons, and 15.1% oral and maxillofacial surgeons. 74.8% of respondents practiced in an academic setting. 61.7% felt endoscopic sinus surgery changed their management of frontal sinus fractures. 91.8% of respondents favored observation for uncomplicated, nondisplaced frontal sinus outflow tract fractures. 36.4% favored observation and 35.9% favored endoscopic sinus surgery for uncomplicated, displaced frontal sinus outflow tract fractures. For complicated, displaced frontal sinus outflow tract fractures, obliteration was more frequently favored by plastic surgeons and oral and maxillofacial surgeons than those with otolaryngology training. The utility of FESS in managing frontal sinus fractures appears to be recognized across multiple surgical disciplines.

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BuSaba, Nicolas, and Stacey T. Gray. "The Role of Frontal Sinus Obliteration in the Era of FESS." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (2008): P81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.261.

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Objective To determine the current indications for osteoplastic frontal sinus obliteration (OFSO) for the treatment of inflammatory frontal sinus disease. Methods Retrospective case series from a single tertiary care facility. The medical records of 35 patients who underwent OFSO for chronic frontal sinusitis (n=26) and frontal sinus mucocele (n=9) between 1995 and 2007 were reviewed. Data regarding age, gender, date and nature of previous frontal sinus operation(s), pre-operative imaging, pre-operative diagnosis, and operative complications were culled. Results There were 19 males and 16 females with an age range of 19 to 76 years. All patients had pre-operative sinus CT, while 6 patients had additional MRI. Among the 9 patients diagnosed with frontal sinus mucocele, OFSO was first-line treatment in 8 and salvage for 2 failed endoscopic masupialization procedures in 1. Among the 26 patients with chronic frontal sinusitis, OFSO was first-line in 9 and salvage for failed frontal sinus surgery in 17. The failed surgeries were OFSO (n=7), Lynch procedure (n=2), and endoscopic frontal sinus surgery including drill-out (n=10). Five patients failed multiple previous operations. The failed operations dated from 1 to 33 years prior to the present illness in the case of OFSO, 1 to 4 years in the case of Lynch procedure, and 1 to 7 years in the case of endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. There was one reported complication (orbital hematoma). Conclusions OFSO remains a key surgical treatment for frontal sinus mucocele, but is used more commonly as a salvage procedure for chronic frontal sinusitis.

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Cohen, Alen N., and Marilene B. Wang. "Minitrephination as an Adjunctive Measure in the Endoscopic Management of Complex Frontal Sinus Disease." American Journal of Rhinology 21, no. 5 (2007): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2007.21.3083.

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Background Frontal sinus disease and its surgical management continues to remain an area of controversy among rhinologists. This is evidenced by the multitude of surgical procedures, both external and endoscopic, that have been developed in its management. This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of frontal sinus minitrephination in combination with endoscopic frontal sinus exploration for the management of complex frontal sinus disease. Methods A retrospective chart review identified 13 patients treated with minitrephination, in conjunction with endoscopic frontal sinus exploration, at the University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center or West Los Angeles VA Medical Center from July 2004 to October 2005. Results Thirteen patients with diagnoses of chronic sinusitis (n = 10), nasal polyposis (n = 7), frontal mucocele (n = 4), allergic fungal sinusitis (n = 3), and inverting papilloma (n = 1) underwent either unilateral (n = 9) or bilateral (n = 4) minitrephination during primary or revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Median follow-up was 14.2 months. There were no complications attributed to the procedure, and all patients had improvement of their sinus symptoms and displayed no evidence of recurrence of their frontal sinus disease at last follow-up. Conclusion Minitrephination is a safe and effective adjunct in the management of complex frontal sinus disease, as it allows identification of the frontal recess and vigorous irrigation of the sinus contents.

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Tubbs, R. Shane, Scott Elton, George Salter, Jeffrey P. Blount, Paul A. Grabb, and W. Jerry Oakes. "Superficial surgical landmarks for the frontal sinus." Journal of Neurosurgery 96, no. 2 (2002): 320–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.96.2.0320.

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Object. There is a lack of reports in the literature that contain descriptions of superficial anatomical landmarks for the identification of the internally located frontal sinus. Neurosurgeons must often enter the cranium through the frontal bone and knowledge of the frontal sinus is essential to minimize complications. Methods. Seventy adult cadaveric frontal sinuses were evaluated. Measurements included both the lateral and superior extent of the frontal sinus in reference to a midpupillary line, and the superior extent of the frontal sinus from the nasion. Frontal sinuses were found bilaterally in all specimens. The mean height of the frontal sinus superior to the nasion was 2.8 cm. In 71.4% and 74.3% of specimens the lateral extent of the frontal sinus was found to be medial to the left and right midpupillary line, respectively. Distances superior to a plane drawn through the supraorbital ridges at a midpupillary line included a mean of 2.5 mm for the left side and 1.8 mm for the right side. Conclusions. Of 70 sinuses, none extended more than 5 mm lateral to a midpupillary line. At this same midpupillary line and at a plane drawn through the supraorbital ridges, the frontal sinus was never higher than 12 mm. Finally, in the midline the frontal sinus never reached more than 4 cm above the nasion. These measurements will assist surgeons who must manipulate the frontal bone.

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Jacobs, Joseph B., Barry A. Shpizner, Eugenie Brunner, Richard A. Lebowitz, and Roy A. Holliday. "Role of the Agger Nasi Cell in Chronic Frontal Sinusitis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 105, no. 9 (1996): 694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949610500905.

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Agger nasi cells contribute to nasofrontal duct (NFD) obstruction and chronic frontal sinus disease. To investigate this relationship, we conducted a review of the surgical outcome and computed tomographic imaging in 26 patients with chronic frontal sinusitis. Coronal and sagittal images were used to delineate the anatomic variability and mucosal disease in the NFD and frontal sinus region. Data from coronal and sagittal images were compared. The results were also correlated with the outcome of frontal sinus surgery in patients with a clinical history of chronic frontal sinus disease. Our data suggest that agger nasi cell pneumatization with narrowing of the frontal sinus outflow tract is a significant cause of persistent frontoethmoid pain and chronic frontal sinusitis. Sagittal reformatted images are more capable than coronal images of demonstrating agger nasi cell encroachment on the NFD, as well as NFD mucosal disease. Endoscopic frontal sinusotomy is an effective treatment for chronic frontal sinus disease.

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Ostergard, Thomas A., Chad A. Glenn, Simone E. Dekker, and Nicholas C. Bambakidis. "Is the Supraorbital Notch a Reliable Landmark to Avoid the Frontal Sinus?" Operative Neurosurgery 16, no. 3 (2018): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opy223.

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Abstract BACKGROUND When performing a craniotomy involving the orbital bar, the supraorbital notch is a potential landmark to localize the lateral extent of the frontal sinus. Avoidance of the frontal sinus is important to reduce the risk of postoperative surgical site infection, epidural abscess formation, and mucocele development. OBJECTIVE To determine the reliability of the supraorbital notch as a marker of the lateral location of the frontal sinus. METHODS Cadaveric dissections were used with image guidance software to define the relationship between the frontal sinus and supraorbital foramen. RESULTS The supraorbital notch was located 2.54 cm from midline and the lateral extent of the frontal sinus extended 2.84 mm lateral to the supraorbital notch. When performing a craniotomy extending medially to the supraorbital notch at a perpendicular angle, the frontal sinus was breached in 65% of craniotomies. When the craniotomy ended 10 mm lateral to the supraorbital notch, the rate of frontal sinus breach decreased to 10%. CONCLUSION When performing a craniotomy involving the supraorbital notch, a lateral to medial trajectory that ends 15 mm to the supraorbital notch will minimize the risk of frontal sinus violation.

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Chakraborty, Sourav, Deepak Verma, Himani Lade, and Noor UD Malik. "Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 10, no. 1 (2017): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1294.

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ABSTRACT To compare the anatomical and pathological features on computed tomography (CT) scan with intraoperative findings in cases of frontal sinus disease. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center, and a total of 30 patients who were refractory to conservative medical treatment undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for frontal sinus disease were included in the study. Preoperative CT scans were done with axial and coronal cuts with a sagittal reconstruction to obtain a better idea about the frontal recess anatomy. The areas that were studied preoperatively on CT scan were frontal sinus pathology, pattern of sinus involvement, superior attachment of uncinate process, frontal sinus drainage pathway, agger nasi cell, frontal cell, frontal bullar cell, and supraorbital ethmoidal cell. A good correlation was obtained between the CT findings and intraoperative findings. How to cite this article Chakraborty S, Verma D, Lade H, Malik NUD. Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2017;10(1):6-10.

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Pinki Rai, Amit Kumar Saxena, Namita Mehrotra, and Prachi Saffar Aneja. "Morphometric Analysis of Frontal Sinus Dimensions Using Digital Radiographs." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2020): 6023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3267.

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The present study was aimed to evaluate the importance of combined use of frontal sinus dimensions and evaluating possible implications.The study was retrospective and intended to measure dimensions on 60 digital radiographs (PA Caldwell's View)of age group 20 to 50 years. The Institutional Ethical Committee approved the research protocol. Inclusion Criteria was taken as radiographs with good image quality and absence of any artefact. Radiographs of individuals with bilateral complete frontal sinus development were included while radiographs are exhibiting pathology like, e.g. mucous retention within the frontal sinus, aplasia(unilateral and bilateral) or rudimentary frontal sinus excluded from the study. Parameters measured were maximum height, width on both sides and symmetry of frontal sinus.Out of 60 radiographs five were excluded from the study (2 frontal sinus aplasia and 3 unilateral frontal sinuses). The final study involved 55 radiographs(N=55) which constituted 28 males and 27 females. The mean values of maximum height and width were obtained. Symmetry was calculated using width. There were significant differences in average width and height of frontal sinus of males and females.The results of the study favour the radiographic evaluation and frontal sinus dimensions for identification in forensics and also it is useful for the management of sinus-related ailments.

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Hardian, Tony, and Muhammad Farihin. "Delayed Tension Pneumocephalus pada Pasien Cedera Kepala." Syifa' MEDIKA: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 7, no. 1 (2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32502/sm.v7i1.1394.

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Pneumocephalus didefinisikan sebagai adanya gas di dalam kompartemen intrakranial. Penumpukan udara pada intrakranial dapat ditemukan segera (< 72 jam ) ataupun lambat (>72 jam) pada trauma kepala beberapa hari sebelum timbulnya gejala klinis. Apabila udara di intrakranial ini menyebabkan hipertensi intrakranial dan terjadi efek massa dengan gejala neurologis, disebut dengan tension pneumocephalus. Pada CT scan tension pneumocephalus akan tampak sebagai gambaran “Mount Fuji Sign”. Seorang perempuan 15 tahun, datang ke RS Mohammad Hoesein Palembang dengan keluhan utama perubahan perilaku berupa sering melamun, pandangan mata kosong, tidak mau diajak bicara sejak 1 bulan yang lalu, mual, muntah, badan lemas. Keluhan tidak disertai demam, kelemahan lengan dan tungkai, dan penurunan kesadaran. Hasil CT Scan kepala didapatkan kesan pneumoencephal bifrontal. Riwayat operasi kraniotomi evakuasi dan kraniektomi debridement atas indikasi cedera kepala sedang tertutup GCS 13 + SDH lobus frontotemporoparietal dextra + fraktur depressed sinus frontal dextra 2 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Penderita didiagnosis tension pneumocephalus region frontal dextra et sinistra. Pada pasien ini dilakukan dekompresi dan eksplorasi, didapatkan duramater yang robek di dasar os frontal, dilakukan jahit primer pada duramater yang robek dan dilakukan tampon pada sinus frontalis dengan mengunakan otot temporal.Simpulan, dengan penatalaksanaan yang tepat maka kondisi penderita membaik dan tidak ada lagi tension pneumocephalus

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Marino, Michael J., and Edward D. McCoul. "Frontal Sinus Surgery: The State of the Art." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 1 (2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1257.

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ABSTRACT Aim: Review and describe the essential components of modern frontal sinus surgery. Background Frontal sinus surgery has evolved considerably over the last century, and advances in imaging, optics, and instrumentation have contributed to contemporary treatment paradigms. Outcomes assessment has had an important role in identifying indications for surgery and future areas of research. Review results Numerous advancements are part of modern frontal sinus surgery and the treatment of frontal sinusitis. Anatomic studies have revealed variations that are associated with disease and pose challenges for surgery. Open approaches remain relevant in situations of difficult disease or as part of combined approaches. Endoscopic surgery, however, is central to contemporary surgical management of frontal sinus disease. Evolving instrumentation and the development of new implantable devices are increasingly relevant in the endoscopic era. Outcomes research has refined indications for surgery and identifies areas for ongoing research. Conclusion State-of-the-art frontal sinus surgery is the product of significant evolution and advancement. Modern surgery is reflective of improved optics and new instrumentation, and the central role of endoscopic approaches in treating frontal sinus disease. Outcomes research has been essential for developing an evidenced-based approach to frontal sinus surgery. Clinical significance A review of the essential components of state-of-the-art frontal sinus surgery for the practicing otolaryngologist. How to cite this article Marino MJ, McCoul ED. Frontal Sinus Surgery: The State of the Art. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1): 5-12.

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Jing, Xi Lin, and Edward Luce. "Frontal Sinus Fractures: Management and Complications." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 12, no. 3 (2019): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675560.

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Frontal sinus fractures are relatively rare maxillofacial injuries (only 5–15% of all facial fractures). The appropriate management of frontal sinus fracture and associated pathology is controversial. Diagnosis and treatment of frontal sinus fractures has improved with the advances of high-resolution computed tomography technology. Treatment of frontal sinus fractures depends on several factors, including contour deformity of anterior table; the presence of CSF leak or air–fluid level in the sinus, likelihood of nasofrontal duct obstruction, and degree of displacement of posterior table. Nasofrontal duct patency should be checked if fracture pattern is highly suspicious of ductal injury. Cranialization is performed in cases of severely comminuted posterior wall fracture. Long-term complication of frontal sinus fracture can occur up to 10 years after initial injury or intervention; so, judicious long-term follow-up is warranted. This article presents the management and complications of frontal sinus fractures.

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Gumus, Cesur, and Altan Yildirim. "Radiological Correlation between Pneumatization of Frontal Sinus and Height of Fovea Ethmoidalis." American Journal of Rhinology 21, no. 5 (2007): 626–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2007.21.3072.

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Background We need more data about the variations of skull base to minimize the complications of ethmoidectomy. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the pneumatization of the frontal sinus and height of the fovea ethmoidalis. Methods Paranasal coronal computed tomography (CT) scans of 487 sides of 300 patients were evaluated. The presence of the frontal cell and pneumatization of the frontal sinus were studied with respect to the height of the fovea ethmoidalis. Results We found a statistically significant correlation between the frontal cell and frontal sinus hyperpneumatization (p = 0.000). We determined that there was a deeper fovea ethmoidalis in the sides that have a frontal cell (p ≤ 0.001) and in the sides that have hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinus (p = 0.000). We also observed flatter fovea ethmoidalis in the sides that have hypopneumatization of the frontal sinus (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion The presence of a frontal cell or hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinus on CT scan should alert the clinician that there may be a deep fovea ethmoidalis.

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McCoul, Edward D., and Kiranya E. Tipirneni. "The Bifurcated Frontal Sinus." OTO Open 2, no. 1 (2018): 2473974X1876487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473974x18764879.

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Objectives Frontal sinus anatomy is complex, and multiple variations of ethmoid pneumatization have been described that affect the frontal outflow tract. In addition, the lumen proper of the frontal sinus may exist as 2 separate parallel cavities that share an ipsilateral outflow tract. This variant has not been previously described and may have implications for surgical management. Study Design Case series. Setting Tertiary rhinology practice. Subjects and Methods Cases with radiographic and intraoperative findings of separate parallel tracts within a unilateral frontal sinus were identified from a consecutive series of 186 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery between May 2015 and July 2016. Data were recorded including sinusitis phenotype, coexisting frontal cells, and extent of surgery. Results Ten patients (5.4%) were identified with computed tomography scans demonstrating bifurcation of the frontal sinus into distinct medial and lateral lumens. All cases were treated with Draf 2a or 2b frontal sinusotomy with partial removal of the common wall to create a unified ipsilateral frontal ostium. Eleven sides had a coexisting ipsilateral agger nasi cell, 7 had a supra-agger cell, 8 had a suprabullar cell, and 1 had a frontal septal cell. There were no significant complications. Conclusion The bifurcated frontal sinus is an anatomic variant that the surgeon should recognize to optimize surgical outcomes. Failure to do so may result in incomplete clearance of the sinus and residual disease. The bifurcated sinus may occur with other types of frontal sinus cells and may be safely treated with endoscopic techniques.

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Elbabaa, Samer K., Angela D. Riggs, and Ali G. Saad. "Recurrent meningitis associated with frontal sinus tuber encephalocele in a patient with tuberous sclerosis." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 8, no. 1 (2011): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.4.peds10308.

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Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic neurocutaneous disorder that commonly affects the CNS. The most commonly associated brain tumors include cortical tubers, subependymal nodules, and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). The authors report an unusual case of recurrent meningitis due to a tuber-containing encephalocele via the posterior wall of the frontal sinus. An 11-year-old girl presented with a history of TSC and previous SEGA resection via interhemispheric approach. She presented twice within 4 months with classic bacterial meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid cultures revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae. Computed tomography and MR imaging of the brain showed a right frontal sinus encephalocele via a posterior frontal sinus wall defect. Both episodes of meningitis were treated successfully with standard regimens of intravenous antibiotics. The neurosurgical service was consulted to discuss surgical options. Via a bicoronal incision, a right basal frontal craniotomy was performed. A large frontal encephalocele was encountered in the frontal sinus. The encephalocele was herniating through a bony defect of the posterior sinus wall. The encephalocele was ligated and resected followed by removing frontal sinus mucosa and complete cranialization of frontal sinus. Repair of the sinus floor was conducted with fat and pericranial grafts followed by CSF diversion via lumbar drain. Histopathology of the resected encephalocele showed a TSC tuber covered with respiratory (frontal sinus) mucosa. Tuber cells were diffusely positive for GFAP. The patient underwent follow-up for 2 years without evidence of recurrent meningitis or CSF rhinorrhea. This report demonstrates that frontal tubers of TSC can protrude into the frontal sinus as acquired encephaloceles and present with recurrent meningitis. To the authors' knowledge, recurrent meningitis is not known to coincide with TSC. Careful clinical and radiographic follow-up for frontal tubers in patients with TSC is recommended.

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Ung, Feodor, Raj Sindwani, and Ralph Metson. "Endoscopic Frontal Sinus Obliteration: A New Technique for the Treatment of Chronic Frontal Sinusitis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 133, no. 4 (2005): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.06.014.

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OBJECTIVES: Patients who fail endoscopic drainage procedures for chronic frontal sinusitis often require obliteration of the frontal sinus with abdominal fat. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an endoscopic technique for frontal sinus obliteration. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective case-control. Thirty-five patients underwent frontal sinus obliteration using either an endoscopic (n = 10) or conventional osteoplastic flap (n = 25) technique from 1994 to 2004 at an academic medical center. RESULTS: Patients undergoing endoscopic obliteration had less blood loss (P = 0.006), decreased operative time (P = 0.016), and a shorter hospital stay (P = 0.003) compared to osteoplastic control subjects. All 3 surgical complications occurred in the control group. No patients required additional surgery for frontal sinusitis. CONCLUSIONS: The endoscopic approach to frontal sinus obliteration appears to reduce patient morbidity and should be considered in the surgical management of advanced frontal sinus disease. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first report of a minimally-invasive technique for frontal sinus obliteration.

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Vepamininti, Sreenivas, Soumya M. Seetharam, Jomy George, Hemanth Vamanshankar, and Poonam K. Saidha. "Radiological study of the myriad variations in frontal sinus anatomy: an institutional study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 2 (2019): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20190762.

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Background: The frontal sinus is a challenging area for endoscopic surgeons. The variations in the frontal sinus differs so much among individuals that there are forensic applications. A detailed radiological study of the sinus is important for understanding the pathophysiology of sinusitis and as a prerequisite for frontal sinus drainage procedures. Aims and objectives were to document the anatomical variations of the frontal sinus (radiological) and to correlate the variations with the signs and symptoms of sinusitis.Methods: Coronal and axial CT paranasal sinuses scans of 30 consecutive patients who attended the Otolaryngology clinic OPD in St. John’s medical college and hospital, Bangalore, India with signs/symptoms of chronic sinusitis were evaluated between January to July 2018. Results: The average frontal sinus diameter in patients with sinusitis was 6.65 mm. The prevalence of frontal cells in our study was 48%. Agger nasi cells were the most common cells seen. Frontal sinus disease was found in 72% of the studied sides in the scans.Conclusions: Frontal sinus anatomy varies with different ethnicities. It is very important to study the frontal sinus anatomy before exploring the sinus for disease clearance and avoid surgical complications.

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Farag, Alexander, Marc R. Rosen, Natalie Ziegler, et al. "Management and Surveillance of Frontal Sinus Violation following Craniotomy." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 81, no. 01 (2019): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676826.

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Objectives In the setting of craniotomy, complications after traversing the frontal sinus can lead to mucocele formation and frontal sinusitis. We review the etiology of frontal sinus violation, timeline to mucocele development, intraoperative management of the violated sinus, and treatment of frontal mucoceles. Design Case series in conjunction with a literature review. Participants A total of 35 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Nine of these patients were treated at a tertiary academic medical center between 2005 and 2014. The remaining patients were identified through a literature review for which 2,763 articles were identified, of which 4 articles met inclusion criteria. Main Outcomes Measures Etiology of frontal violation, timeline to mucocele development, and method of management. Results The overall interval from initial frontal sinus violation until mucocele identification was 14.5 years, with a range of 3 months to 36 years. The most common cause of mucocele formation was obstruction of the frontal recess with incomplete removal of the frontal sinus mucosa. The majority of patients were successfully managed with an endoscopic endonasal approach. Conclusions Violation of the frontal sinus during craniotomy can result in mucocele formation as an early or late sequela. Image guidance may help avoid unnecessary frontal sinus violation. Mucoceles may develop decades after the initial frontal sinus violation, and long-term follow-up with imaging is recommended. While the endoscopic endonasal approach is usually the preferred method to treat these lesions, it may be necessary to perform obliteration or cranialization in unique situations.

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Lai, J.-C., C.-K. Liu, M.-L. Chen, and M.-K. Chen. "Removal of frontal sinus keratoma solely via endoscopic sinus surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 10 (2010): 1116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511000157x.

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AbstractObjectives:To present a patient with a frontal sinus keratoma removed solely via endoscopic sinus surgery, including presentation of characteristic computed tomography and magnetic resonance images; to discuss the differential diagnosis of this condition; and to report the current knowledge on and treatment of frontal sinus keratoma.Case report:A 53-year-old man presented to our department with a 10-month history of rhinorrhoea and postnasal drip. After computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies, the patient underwent surgery utilising a modified Lothrop procedure. An extensive soft tissue lesion was removed from the frontal sinus. Histological examination revealed a lamellated cluster of keratinous material. The pathological diagnosis was keratoma of the frontal sinus. There was no recurrence of keratoma over a two-year follow-up period.Conclusions:Following review of the English language literature, we believe this case report to represent the first successful application of a modified endoscopic Lothrop procedure for resection of an extensive frontal sinus keratoma. Thus, the applications of endoscopic sinus surgery may be expanded to include frontal sinus keratoma removal.

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