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Journal articles on the topic 'Sopherim'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Irwin, Brian P. "Removing Ruth: Tiqqune Sopherim in Ruth 3.3-4?" Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 32, no. 3 (March 2008): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309089208090804.

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2

Faisal, Muhammad Saleh, Usman Nawaz, and Abdul Matin Khan. "ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 04 (April 10, 2018): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.04.336.

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Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic effects ofCassia sophera’s powdered seeds and its different fractions. Study Design: An experimentalstudy. Setting: Faculty of Veterinary, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period:November 2014 to February 2017. Methodology: Initial experiments were designed to find outthe hypoglycaemic effects of Cassia sophera powdered seeds in increasing doses i.e. 2, 3, 4g/kg body weight at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours intervals. The effects of methanolic and aqueousextracts equivalent to 4g/kg body weight of Cassia sophera seeds were also studied in bothnormal and diabetic rabbits. Results: At 4 hours interval, 2grams/kg body weight of grindedseeds results no significant decrease in mean blood level of glucose. At 8 and 12 hours intervals,a significant decrease while at 4, 8 and 12 hours a highly significant reduction were observedwith both 3g/kg and 4g/kg body weight. With methanolic and aqueous extracts equivalent to4g/kg body weight, normal rabbits showed significant decrease i.e. with P value less than 0.05at 8 and 12 hours. In addition, the methanolic extract of Cassia sophera seeds produced betterhypoglycaemia as compared to aqueous extract. The effects of these extracts were comparableto Acetohexamide. The same study was also done in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and it wasnoticed that Cassia sophera powdered seeds caused significant decrease in blood glucoselevel at increasing doses 2, 3 and 4gram/kg of body weight and highly significant reduction(with P value less than 0.001) in blood level of glucose was noticed with methanolic extracts at4 hours interval which continued upto 8 hours while treatment with aqueous extract with Cassiasophera seeds showed highly significant decrease at 12 hours. Conclusion: It is concludedthat powdered seeds of Cassia sophera constitutes more than one type of hypoglycaemicelements, which have exerted a significant and consistent hypoglycaemic effects in normal andalloxan treated diabetic rabbits.
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3

Roy, Debasish, Manik Chandra Shill, Shrabanti Dev, Debashish Deb, Masum Shahriar, Asish Kumar Das, and M. Shahabuddin Kabir Choudhuri. "Anti-nociceptive and Antipyretic Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cassia sophera Linn. Leaves." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 15, no. 2 (November 12, 2012): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v15i2.12573.

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The crude hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia sophera Linn. leaves were investigated for its possible analgesic and antipyretic activities in rodents. The peripheral analgesic activity of C. sophera leaves was studied using acetic acidinduced writhing in mice and central analgesic activity was evaluated by using heat-induced pain in mice. The antipyretic activity of HECS was studied in Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. All these experiments were done at the doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight. Intraperitoneal administration of C. sophera hydroalcoholic extract (HECS) produced significant (P<0.01) reduction in number of writhing induced by acetic-acid. Moreover, in hotplate test, HECS significantly (P<0.01) raised the pain threshold at different time of observation (0-180 min) in comparison with control. The extract also showed significant as well as dose-dependent antipyretic activity in Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats throughout the observation period of 4 h. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v15i2.12573 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 15(2): 107-111, 2012
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4

Begum, Ayesa, Md Oliur Rahman, and Momtaz Begum. "Stomatal and trichome diversity in Senna Mill. from Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 21, no. 1 (June 23, 2014): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v21i1.19264.

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Foliar epidermal characters of ten species of Senna Mill. found in Bangladesh are investigated. Anisocytic, anomocytic, paracytic, tetracytic and haxacytic stomata are found across the species. Anisocytic and paracytic stomata are common in all species. In addition to anisocytic and paracytic types, anomocytic stomata are found in Senna sophera and hexacytic stomata are observed in S. auriculata. Anticlinal wall is straight in S. alata, S. hirsuta, S. occidentalis, S. siamea and S. tora, curved in S. auriculata, S. sophera and S. siamea, and undulate in S. hirsuta and S. occidentalis. Glandular trichomes are observed in S. hirsuta and S. occidentalis, while non-gladular trichomes are predominant in the remaining species.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v21i1.19264Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 21(1): 43-51, 2014 (June)
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5

Jash, Dr Shyamal K., Dilip Gorai, Lalan Chandra Mandal, and Sekhar Pal. "GC-MS Analysis of Antibacterial Phytochemicals from Cassia sophera Linn." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 13, no. 5 (September 15, 2020): 5131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.5.10.

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Cassia sophera Linn (Leguminosae) plants are widely distributed worldwide, and find immense applications in traditional systems of medicine in many countries. The plant has been partly explored by various research groups in the world. In our present study, two oils (OL-1 & OL-2) from aerial parts and roots of Cassia sophera have been evaluated by GC/MS using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and comparison of spectral data with the existing in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. GC/MS analysis of the two oils revealed the presence of a number of chemical constituents. Again, the isolated oils exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against two Gram positive bacteria viz. Bacillus megaterium & Staphylococcus aureus and two Gram negative bacteria viz. Escherichia coli & Enterobacter aerogenes. Therefore, the present study will definitely inspire the researchers engaged in this direction to undertake further research work on this plant for searching new lead molecules
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6

Rahman, M. Oliur, Md Zahidur Rahman, and Ayesa Begum. "Numerical taxonomy of the genus Senna Mill. from Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 20, no. 1 (June 25, 2013): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15467.

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This study examines the patterns of morphological variation and phenetic relationships among 11 species of Senna Mill. from Bangladesh using 32 vegetative and floral characters. The highest similarity is found between S. obtusifolia and S. tora, while the highest variation is observed between S. alata and S. hirsuta. UPGMA tree derived from cluster analysis reveals three major clusters, the first of which consists of two species (S. alata and S. auriculata), the second cluster comprises four species (S. hirsuta, S. obtusifolia, S. tora and S. occidentalis) and the third one is composed of five species (S. multiglandulosa, S. sophera, S. siamea, S. timoriensis and S. surattensis). A close relationship is also found between S. multiglandulosa and S. sophera, and between S. siamea and S. timoriensis. Results obtained from the present study are found congruent with cytological and anatomical studies showing the significance of numerical analysis for taxonomic relationship in the genus Senna.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15467Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(1): 77-83, 2013 (June)
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7

Alemayehu, Gizachew, Berhanu Abegaz, and Wolfgang Kraus. "A 1,4-anthraquinone-dihydroanthracenone dimer from Senna sophera." Phytochemistry 48, no. 4 (June 1998): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(98)00031-4.

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8

Zhao, Yan, Jin-Ping Liu, Dan Lu, and Ping-Ya Li. "A novel cycloartane triterpene glycoside from the seeds ofCassia sopheraL." Natural Product Research 21, no. 6 (May 20, 2007): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786410601130042.

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9

Joshi, T. "An anthraquinone 3-neohesperidoside from Cassia sophera root bark." Phytochemistry 23, no. 12 (November 26, 1985): 3073–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)80644-5.

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10

Sanghi, Rashmi, Punita Srivastava, and J. Singh. "ChemInform Abstract: Triterpenoid and Acetophenone Glycosides from Cassia sophera." ChemInform 33, no. 45 (May 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200245182.

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11

Joshi, T., A. Dass, S. Pandey, and S. Shukla. "An anthraquinone 3-neohesperidoside from Cassia sophera root bark." Phytochemistry 24, no. 12 (November 1985): 3073–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80066-2.

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12

Sharma, Poonam, Rambir Singh, and Priyanka Bhardwaj. "Antioxidant and toxicological evaluation ofCassia sopherain streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats." Pharmacognosy Research 5, no. 4 (2013): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.118767.

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13

Naik, Shankar B., and Surekha R. Deshpande. "CYTOTOXICITY OF STEM EXTRACTS OF SELECTED CASSIA SPECIES AGAINST HELA AND BREAST CANCER CELL LINES IN VITRO." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.11991.

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ABSTRACTObjective: The use of plants for medicinal remedies is an integral part of the Indian cultural life, and the traditional background of Indian medicineshows widespread use of plant products in cancer treatment. In this study, stem extracts of some selected Cassia species have been evaluated for theircytotoxic activities under in vitro conditions.Methods: The stems were shade dried at room temperature. The dried and coarsely powdered plant material were extracted with petroleum ether(60-80°C), chloroform, and ethanol using soxhlet apparatus. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay.Results: Stem extracts of three Cassia species, viz., Cassia glauca, Cassia Obtusifolia, and Cassia sophera have been evaluated for their cytotoxic activitieswith chloroform, ethanol and pet ether against HeLa and breast cancer cell lines. Among the three different solvents used at different concentrations,the chloroform extracts of all Cassia species exhibited maximum cytotoxicity (%) against both cell lines. The CTC50 values are revealed the cytotoxicpotential of C. glauca chloroform extracts against HeLa cell line and breast cancer cell lines with CTC50 values 180.00±3.0 and 146.67±0.5, respectively.Chloroform extracts of C. Obtusifolia and C. sophera showed maximum activity against HeLa (380.00±1.1 and 800.00±1.7, respectively) and breastcancer cell lines (310.00±1.1 and 633.33±0.6).Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the potent cytotoxic activity of chloroform extracts of stems of Cassia species against HeLa andBreast cancer cell lines.Keywords: Cassia, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Cytotoxicity, HeLa, Breast cancer.
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14

Manning, Sturt W., Jennifer Birch, Megan Anne Conger, Michael W. Dee, Carol Griggs, and Carla S. Hadden. "Contact-Era Chronology Building in Iroquoia: Age Estimates for Arendarhonon Sites and Implications for Identifying Champlain's Cahiagué." American Antiquity 84, no. 4 (October 2019): 684–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2019.60.

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Radiocarbon dating is rarely used in historical or contact-era North American archaeology because of idiosyncrasies of the calibration curve that result in ambiguous calendar dates for this period. We explore the potential and requirements for radiocarbon dating and Bayesian analysis to create a time frame for early contact-era sites in northeast North America independent of the assumptions and approximations involved in temporal constructs based on trade goods and other archaeological correlates. To illustrate, we use Bayesian chronological modeling to analyze radiocarbon dates on short-lived samples and a post from four Huron-Wendat Arendarhonon sites (Benson, Sopher, Ball, and Warminster) to establish an independent chronology. We find that Warminster was likely occupied in 1615–1616, and so is the most likely candidate for the site of Cahiagué visited by Samuel de Champlain in 1615–1616, versus the other main suggested alternative, Ball, which dates earlier, as do the Sopher and Benson sites. In fact, the Benson site seems likely to date ~50 years earlier than currently thought. We present the methods employed to arrive at these new, independent age estimates and argue that absolute redating of historic-era sites is necessary to accurately assess existing interpretations based on relative dating and associated regional narratives.
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Faisal, Muhammad Saleh, Usman Nawaz, and Abdul Matin Khan. "ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 04 (April 8, 2018): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4232.

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16

Rendsburg, Gary A., and Edward M. Cook. "Sopher Mahir: Northwest Semitic Studies Presented to Stanislav Segert." Journal of the American Oriental Society 113, no. 4 (October 1993): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605802.

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17

Hussain, Sajid Nawaz, Muhammad Uzair, Muhammad Naeem Qaisar, Khizar Abbas, Khuram Ashfaq, and Bashir Ahmad Chaudhari. "Assessment of anti-diabetic activity of Cassia sophera (Caesalpiniaceae)." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 17, no. 3 (May 9, 2018): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v17i3.9.

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18

Chandrashekharaiah, K. S., K. B. Sangeetha, Rajiv Bharadwaj, N. G. Raju, and N. Ramachandra Swamy. "Protease Inhibitors from the seeds of Senna sophera: Isolation and Properties." Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 10, no. 1 (2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-4385.2018.00020.1.

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19

Hussain, Sajid Nawaz, Bashir Ahmad Chaudhry, Muhammad Uzair, and Muhammad Naeem Qaisar. "Studies on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Cassia sophera roots." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 5, no. 6 (June 2015): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60820-9.

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20

Paulo, Filipe Gomes. "CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A RELAÇÃO DO URBANO COM A CULTURA." Revista de Geografia 37, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/2238-6211.2020.229381.

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Embora haja um longo conhecimento de estudos urbanos pelos geógrafos, a incorporação do urbano pela Geografia Cultural foi tardia, a partir de meados da década de 1970. O urbano começa a ser foco de interesse por parte dos geógrafos humanistas e dos culturais que participaram da coletânea organizada por Agnew, Mercer e Sopher (1984) sobre a cidade nos diversos contextos culturais. O autor apresenta brevemente algumas análises feitas na perspectiva da Geografia Cultural, toponímia, a produção de formas simbólicas e a paisagem urbana. Neste artigo outros estudos são apresentados, sabendo-se que não se esgotam as possibilidades de abordar o urbano na perspectiva da Geografia Cultural.
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21

Brahmachari, Goutam, Bhagirath Mandal, Mullicka Mandal, and Avijit Mondal. "Sopherone A and B: Two new biologically relevant dibenzo-α-pyrones from Cassia sophera." Fitoterapia 136 (July 2019): 104169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2019.05.008.

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22

Parveen, Shahina, and Anwar Shahzad. "TDZ-induced high frequency shoot regeneration in Cassia sophera Linn. via cotyledonary node explants." Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 16, no. 2 (April 2010): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12298-010-0022-x.

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23

Pauley, David. "The Fee and the Analyst’s Life Cycle: Reply to Berger and Sopher." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 29, no. 5 (September 3, 2019): 591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2019.1656976.

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24

Marcus, David. "Sopher Mahir: Northwest Semitic Studies Presented to Stanislav Segert (review)." Hebrew Studies 32, no. 1 (1991): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hbr.1991.0039.

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25

Uddin Emon, Nazim, Israt Jahan, Safaet Alam, Md Mohotasin Hossain, Sheikh Md. Kamrul Hasan, Md Munsur Alam, Md Solaman Uddin Sawon, Sajib Rudra, Mohammad Nazmul Islam, and Mohammed Aktar Sayeed. "COMPARATIVE PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF N-HEXANE FRACTIONS OF BAUHINIA SCANDENS LINN.STEMS AND SENNA SOPHERA L. STEMS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 1108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10731.

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26

Brahmachari, Goutam, Avijit Mondal, Nayana Nayek, Abhishek Kumar, Ambrish Kumar Srivastava, and Neeraj Misra. "Experimental and quantum chemical studies on poriferasterol – A natural phytosterol isolated from Cassia sophera Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae)." Journal of Molecular Structure 1143 (September 2017): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.04.086.

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27

Baffie, Jean. "From Ying Nakhon Sopheni to Sao Borikan: Banality and Originality in the Development of Prostitution in Thailand." Moussons, no. 29 (May 4, 2017): 143–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/moussons.3787.

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Gulzar, Aasifa, M. B. Siddiqui, and Shazia Bi. "Phenolic acid allelochemicals induced morphological, ultrastructural, and cytological modification on Cassia sophera L. and Allium cepa L." Protoplasma 253, no. 5 (September 19, 2015): 1211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0862-x.

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29

Kharat, Amol R., Kiran Kharat, Mahadev Jadhav, and S. J. Makhija. "Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative evaluation of compounds from Senna sophera (L.) Roxb in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Natural Product Research 33, no. 4 (November 8, 2017): 602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2017.1399389.

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Aasifa, Gulzar, Siddiqui M.B., and Bi Shazia. "Assessment of allelopathic potential of Cassia sophera L. on seedling growth and physiological basis of weed plants." African Journal of Biotechnology 13, no. 9 (February 26, 2014): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2013.13512.

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31

Hegde, Shruthi V., Pradeep B. Bhat, and Ganesh R. Hegde. "Lehya formulations for mother and child care in Havyak community of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India." Plant Science Today 6, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2019.6.4.603.

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The period between pregnancy and the child birth is a critical phase in the lives of mothers and newborn babies. In most of the Asian countries including India, the use of medicinal plants, cultural traditions and the diets practiced by the ethnic groups have their age old histories. Present study was carried out to compile the traditional knowledge of the age old practitioners on pre and postnatal remedies. The survey was carried out in the areas of Sirsi, Siddapur and Mundgod taluks of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka state, India. Medicinal plants were collected and quantitative data analyses like Use Value (UV), Relative frequency citation (Rfc) and Family Importance Value (FIV) have been provided to analyze the importance of reported plants. The study revealed the use of 28 plant species belonging to 19 families. The home remedies for pregnant women are in the form of paste, called ‘Lehya’ in local language. Habit-wise analysis of the plants indicate that herbs are highly used (35.71%) and in most of the case fruits (32.14%) and seeds (25%) are frequently used plant parts in ‘Lehya’ preparation. The most important plant species according to the quantitative data analysis are Cassia sophera, Centella asiatica, Cocos nucifera, Cucumis melo var. acidulus, Curcuma longa, Phoenix dactylifera and Syzygium aromaticum.
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Aritra Chakraborty, Chandra Shekhar Sarkar,. "Comparative Study of Male Female Disparity in Literacy of Purulia and North 24 Parganas District in West Bengal." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.1055.

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The present article focuses on a comparative study of the male-female disparity in literacy of two districts Purulia and North 24 Parganas in West Bengal, India. The Census data of 2011 has been used in this regard. The literacy rate has been calculated for the population above six-year, and Sopher’s Disparity index (1974) has been applied to measure the male-female disparity in literacy. The study examines the block-level male-female disparity in literacy among non-Schedule Caste (none-SC ST), Scheduled Castes (SC), and Scheduled Tribes (ST). The study highlights that North 24 Parganas is far ahead in terms of literacy than Purulia district. However, there is wide variation in block-level male-female disparity in literacy among the three-caste groups in both the districts. In block-level, the Bundwan block of Purulia district and Barasat-I and Deganga block of North 24 Parganas district occupies a remarkable place in terms of the male-female disparity in literacy among each three-caste group. Conversely, Jhalda-II block in Purulia and Hingalganj block of North 24 Parganas is the most backward block in terms of the male-female disparity in literacy among the all-caste groups. Although the Central and the State Government have taken various schemes to enhance literacy rates and eliminated the male-female disparity in education, more suitable steps need to be followed to implement appropriate measures towards education, especially for the women and other marginalised sections of the society.
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Shahid, Mohd, Noor Jahan, Anwar Shahzad, Aastha Sahai, and Shivali Sharma. "Antimicrobial Potential of Balanites Aegyptiaca (L.) Del, Stevia Rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni, Tylophora Indica (Burm.f.) Merrill, and Cassia Sophera (Linn.)." Open Conference Proceedings Journal 3, no. 1 (December 22, 2012): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210289201203010063.

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34

Shahina, Parveen, and Shahzad Anwar. "Factors affecting in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledonary node explant of Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. A highly medicinal legume." African Journal of Biotechnology 13, no. 3 (January 15, 2014): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2013.13126.

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35

Datta, Subhash C., and Kaasi N. Ghosh. "Allelopathy in two species of Chenopodium -inhibition of germination and seedling growth of certain weeds." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 56, no. 2 (2014): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1987.025.

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The activity of washed leaf and inflorescence material of <em>Chenopodium ambrosioides</em> and <em>C. murale</em>, decaying leaves and inflorescences, and field soils collected beneath <em>Chenopodium</em> plants were examined in terms of the inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of five weeds, viz. <em>Abutilon indicum, Cassia sophera</em> var. <em>purpurea, C. tora, Evolvulus numularius</em> and <em>Tephrosia hamiltonii</em>. The allelopathic pattern varied in each of the two test species and this depended on the type of test matter. However, the germination as well as the root and hypocotyl growth of <em>A. indicum</em> and <em>E. nummularius</em> were more hampered by phytotoxins or inhibitors from <em>Chenopodium</em> than were the other weeds. Since the leaf and inflorescence of Chenopodium formed the source of inhibitors, the respective plant-parts from the two species were chemically analysed and the presence of three terpenes (p-cymene, ascaridole and aritazone) from <em>C. ambrosioides</em> and an organic acid (oxalic acid) from <em>C. murale</em> were implicated in the allelopathic effect.
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Singh, Rambir, Shariq Hussain, Rajesh Verma, and Poonam Sharma. "Anti-mycobacterial screening of five Indian medicinal plants and partial purification of active extracts of Cassia sophera and Urtica dioica." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 6, no. 5 (May 2013): 366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60040-1.

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37

Naeem, M., M. Idrees, and M. Masroor A. Khan. "Calcium ameliorates photosynthetic capacity, nitrate reductase, carbonic anhydrase, nitrogen assimilation, yield and quality of Cassia sophera L. — a medicinal legume." Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 15, no. 3 (July 2009): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12298-009-0027-5.

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38

Rahman, M. Mizanur, Taslima Sultana, M. Yousuf Ali, M. Masidur Rahman, Sharif M. Al-Reza, and Atiqur Rahman. "Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil and various extracts from Cassia sophera L. against Bacillus sp. from soil." Arabian Journal of Chemistry 10 (May 2017): S2132—S2137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.07.045.

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39

Das, Payal, Priyanka Bora, Nandita Paul, and Nabanita Bhattacharyya. "Vegetation composition and assessment of phytotoxicity in a paper mill dumpsite." Plant Science Today 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.1.947.

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The solid waste dumpsites of pulp and paper industries are prone to be turned into degraded lands due to the loss of vegetation cover. Such sites often possess drought, salinity and pH stresses as well as heavy metal contamination. Restoration of top soil by creating vegetation cover has proved to be the most sustainable approach to check land degradation. Therefore, to find some stress-tolerant species capable of creating vegetation cover in paper mill dumpsites, a vegetation composition study was conducted in a paper mill dumpsite. A total of seven plant species viz., Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand., Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob, Mikania scandens (L.) Willd., R. communis L., Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb., Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. and Solanum myriacanthum Dunal were found. To correlate the existence of these plants with stress condition of soil, the level of phytotoxicity in the dumpsite was assessed by studying seed germination status, proline accumulation, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf pH, total chlorophyll content and ascorbic acid level of Ricinus communis as bioassay indices. The significantly lower percentage of seed germination in dumpsite soil, compared to control, revealed the phytotoxic nature of the soil of the dumpsite. The significantly higher level of proline, RWC, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid in plant leaves from dumpsites than from the control soils indicated considerable stress in the dumpsite. Soil physicochemical and nutrient status analyses substantiated with the bioassay results. Despite apparent phytotoxicity, the presence of certain plant species in the dumpsite indicated their inherent stress tolerance capability to be prospected.
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40

Rao, Sumangala. "In vitro and In vivo Effects of the Leaf Extracts of Cassia tora and Cassia sophera in Reducing the Cytotoxicity and Angiogenesis." British Biotechnology Journal 3, no. 3 (January 10, 2013): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bbj/2013/4244.

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41

Berdoulay, Vincent. "Agnew, John, Mercer, John et Sopher, David, dir. (1984) The City in Cultural Context. Boston, Allen and Unwin, 299 p." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 29, no. 76 (1985): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021707ar.

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Aasifa, Gulzar, and Badruzzaman Siddiqui M. "Evaluation of allelopathic effect of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk on biochemical activity of Amaranthus spinosus L., Cassia tora L. and Cassia sophera L." African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajest2013.1617.

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Mondal, Arijit, D. Rajalingam, and Tapan Kumar Maity. "Anti-inflammatory effect of O-methylated flavonol 2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-chromen-4-one obtained from Cassia sophera Linn in rats." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 147, no. 2 (May 2013): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.021.

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Kestenholz, Cristina, Philip C. Stevenson, and Steven R. Belmain. "Comparative study of field and laboratory evaluations of the ethnobotanical Cassia sophera L. (Leguminosae) for bioactivity against the storage pests Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Journal of Stored Products Research 43, no. 1 (January 2007): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2005.11.003.

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Tremblay, Pierre-André. "John AGNEW, John MERCER et David SOPHER (éds) : The City in Cultural Context, Allen & Unwin, Boston, 1984, 299 p., liste des auteurs, index. ill. Gilles RITCHOT et Claude FELTZ (dir.) : Forme urbaine et pratique sociale, coll. Sciences et Théorie, Le Préambule, Montréal et Éditions Ciaco, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1985, 303 p., biblio., table onomastique." Anthropologie et Sociétés 12, no. 1 (1988): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/015012ar.

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46

Lapeña, José Florencio F. "Millenials in Medicine: Tradition and Disruption." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 32, no. 2 (July 24, 2018): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v32i2.55.

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“I suppose in reality not a leaf goes yellow in autumn without ceasing to care about its sap and making the parent tree very uncomfortable by long growling and grumbling - but surely nature might find some less irritating way of carrying on business if she would give her mind to it. Why should the generations overlap one another at all? Samuel Butler, The Way of All Flesh1 Millenials or Generation Y physicians (born 1977/1980-1995) today form the majority of medical personnel, from medical students and residents in their early twenties and thirties to young attending physicians hitting forty; practicing side-by-side with Generation X (1965-1976/1980) in their late thirties to early fifties; Baby Boomers (1946-1964) in their mid-fifties, sixties and early seventies; and the last of the Silent Generation or Traditionalists (1925-1945) in their mid-seventies, eighties and nineties.2,3 Among 734 Fellows of the Philippine Society of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery alone, there are currently 18 Traditionalists, 192 Boomers, 360 Generation X, and 164 Millenials. Assuming the 862 board-certified Diplomates waiting to become full-fledged Fellows and 182 Residents-in-Training are also Millenials, there are a total of 1,208 Millenials in the field of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery in the Philippines. With four distinct generations simultaneously in the workforce, it is not unusual to hear older physicians gripe about “these Millenials,” and how different they are from previous generations. The so-called generation gap has been used to characterize inter-generational relations, wherein the preceding generation historically puts down the younger, and the succeeding generation usually complains about the older one. I posit that central to this conflict is a clash between tradition -- the way things should be done (as perceived by the older generation) -- and disruption, the way things can be done differently (from the perspective of the younger generation). In particular (meaning no offense to the “in-between” Generation X, and at risk of being overly simplistic), this is highlighted by the supposed looming showdown between Baby Boomers who are not yet ready to leave and Millenials who can hardly wait to take over.4 Tradition, a “statement, belief or practice handed down from generation to generation” comes from the Old French tradicion “transmission, presentation, handing over” and directly from the Latin traditionem “delivery, surrender, a handing down, a giving up,” from tradere “deliver, hand over,” derived from trans – “over” + dare “to give.”5 Although older generations may like to think they uphold tradition (giving them the right and duty to pass it on to succeeding ones), a large part of what defines each generation in the first place is their departure from the statements, beliefs or practices of their predecessors. Such a transition may have been gradual or sudden, and more pronounced in some generations than in others. Our post-war Boomer generation grew up in a world where face-to-face communication was supplemented by the written (handwritten, typewritten, typeset or telegraphed) and spoken (rotary-dial telephone) word. In medicine and medical education, history and physical examination were taught through lectures (with overhead and opaque projectors, slides on carousels and filmstrips) and live demonstrations on patients and on one another. The advent of word processing and advances in telecommunications and technology that became available to Generation X (who in the Philippines include “martial law babies” oblivious to our “wonder years” of the sixties) gradually changed the landscape of medical education and practice, but it would take the digital and internet revolution to finally, drastically change the world-- and Millenials were the primary beneficiaries of this change. Disruption, from the Latin disruptionem “a breaking asunder,” which comes from disrumpere “break apart, split, shatter, break to pieces,” from dis- “apart” + rumpere “to break”6 perhaps best describes the Baby Boomer generation’s experience of the technological revolution that Millenials grew up with. Suddenly, everything could be had in a split-second and the world was connected in real time. No longer did one have to master penmanship, typing and speed-reading, and homes no longer displayed dictionaries and encyclopedias. Even the library card catalogue and periodicals index became obsolete, as most anything became instantly available and accessible – including information, fast food and relationships. Millenials grew up with this transition, and readily mastered the rapidly changing technology. The locus of socialization was no longer face-to-face interaction within the family, but the worldwide web and social media. In medical education, lectures gave way to podcasts and webinars; heavy textbooks gave way to electronic references; and even dissection gave way to 3D virtual human anatomy. The Millenials’ expertise in, and dependence on, technology can both be their boon and bane – as I often note when residents and students automatically search their peripheral brains (a.k.a. mobile devices) to answer a ward round question. But they are also as quick to intuitively master the diagnostic and therapeutic tools that did not exist when their older colleagues were in residency.7 The early access that Millenials and Generation X had to computer resources in childhood certainly laid “a critical foundation for use of these systems later in life,” compared to Baby Boomers and Traditionalists whose “lack of early experience may limit their enthusiasm” for such tools.3 As Cole puts it, “Baby Boomers don't react well to a 20-something coming in and disrupting the way things have ‘always been’ while Millennials don't react well when they're told to shoot for the moon and ‘do big things,’ and then when they walk in the door with new ideas ready to disrupt age-old models, get told to know their place.”8 Thus, older generations of physicians may question how the stock knowledge and clinical eye of Millenials can compare to theirs, who learned medicine without these tools, and wonder how Millenials would fare in conflict and catastrophic situations when technology fails, or in low- and middle-income rural settings where technology is scarce. Conversely, Millenials wonder why Boomers insist on their old ways and just don’t get it! Perhaps we can learn from Mohr et al.3 about bridging generational issues in medical and surgical education—for instance, between the Socratic Method whereby Boomers may appear to intimidate learners9 versus the Millenial expectation that presentation of information be tailored to their needs, individually or via available technology.10 It could be helpful for Millenials who are “outcomes-oriented and value doing more than knowing”11 “to realize that Traditionalists and Boomers ‘know how to do’ and are ready and able to teach.”3 On the other hand, “when instructing Boomers in new technology or information,” the Millenial teacher “should recognize that this role reversal is uncomfortable to older generations” and “mitigate discomfort … by focus(ing) on the relevance of the information and creat(ing) an environment in which it is ‘safe’ to ask questions and challenge the teacher.”3 Indeed, if inter-generational differences could be surmounted, there is much that Boomers can learn from Millenials, and vice versa. If as Cole observes, “this great debate is hauntingly similar to a parent/child argument,”8 it is because Boomers and Millennials are “also each other’s children and parents, bound together in an intricate web of love, support, anxiety, resentment, and interdependence.”4 Perhaps by involving Generation X in bridging the great divide, and fostering an environment that allows for inter-generational differences in teaching and learning styles, non-disruptive disruption of tradition can take place. Each generation must have the humility (as opposed to intellectual arrogance) to accept that they can learn from other generations – younger or older—for truly meaningful medical progress to take place. We cannot do otherwise, for Generation Z (born after 1995, and about to enter Medical School) is already poised to join the fray. References Butler S. The Way of All Flesh. New York: Dover Publications, 2004. 315 pages. The Center for Generational Kinetics. How to determine generational birth years. November 28, 2016 ©2016 [cited 2017 Nov 2.] Available from: http://genhq.com/generational_birth_years/ Mohr NM, Moreno-Walton L, Mills AM, Brunett PH, Promes SB. Generational Influences in Academic Emergency Medicine: Teaching and Learning, Mentoring, and Technology (Part I). Acad Emerg Med. 2011 Feb;18(2):190-199. DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2010.00985.x PMID: 21314779 PMCID: PMC3076332 Taylor P, Pew Research Center. The Next America: Boomers, Millenials, and the Looming Generational Showdown. New York: PublicAffairs, 2016. 384 pages. Harper D. Online Etymology Dictionary © 2001-2017 [Cited 2017 November 2.] Available from: https://www.etymonline.com/word/tradition Harper D. Online Etymology Dictionary © 2001-2017 [Cited 2017 November 2.] Available from: https://www.etymonline.com/word/disruption Sopher M. How Millenial Doctors Will Shape the Future of Health Care. Blog on the Internet, Baltimore: Rendia, 2016 October 26. [Cited 2017 November 2.] Available from: https://blog.rendia.com/millennials/ Cole N. The Real Reason Baby Boomers and Millenials Don’t See Eye to Eye (Written by a Millenial). Southeast Asia. 2017 Jan 20 [Cited 2017 November 2] Available from: https://www.inc.com/nicolas-cole/the-real-reason-baby-boomers-and-millennials-dont-see-eye-to-eye-written-by-a-mi.html Seabrook M. Intimidation in medical education: students' and teachers' perspectives. Studies Higher Educ. 2004;29(1):59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1234567032000164877 Feiertag J, Berge ZL. Training generation N: How educators should approach the Net Generation. Education and Training. 2008 September;50(6):457–64. DOI: 10.1108/00400910810901782 Mangold K. Educating a new generation: teaching baby boomer faculty about millennial students. Nurse Educ. 2007 Jan-Feb;32(1):21-23. PMID: 17220763
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Shukla, Shivakant, and Anoop Singh. "OVERVIEW ON PLANT CASSIA SOPHERA LINN." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, June 17, 2020, 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31069/japsr.v3i1.3.

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Medicinal herbs are moving from fringe to mainstream use, with a more significant number of people seeking remedies and health approaches free from side effects caused by synthetic chemicals Cassia sophera Linn. (Caesalpinaceae), an important drug in Unani medicine, act as a blood purifier, carminative, purgative, digestive, and diaphoretic. Many compounds have been reported from plants belonging to genus Cassia. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Cassia sophera. It is obtained from deciduous and mixed-monsoon forests throughout greater parts of India, ascending to 1300 m in outer Himalaya. It is widely used in the traditional medicinal system of India has been reported to possess analgesic, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antiasthmatic activity, etc. India officially recognizes over 3000 plants for their medicinal value. It is generally estimated that over 6000 plants in India are in use in traditional, folk, and herbal medicine.
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48

Galande, Vaibhavi G., and Harshavardhan U. Kamble. "A Brief Review of Fly-ash Based Geopolymer Concrete." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, May 11, 2021, 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-1123.

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Geopolymer concrete can be the future of the conventional concrete and it can be used as replacement agent instead of conventional concrete in construction work along with that the GPC is eco friendly in nature as it does not emits CO2 in atmosphere so it is helpful to reduce the Greenhouse effect. The material used for the manufacturing of GPC are Binder’s and Actuators. Birder’s are obtained from the thermal power plant also known as fly ash and actuator consist of the sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride, sodium thiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, etc. By combing these acceleration and Binder’s with other concrete material the process of Geopolymeration starts. The objective of these study is to give a detailed review on the geopolymer concrete mix design, compressive behavior, flexural and split tensile behavior and chemical acid resistance when immersed in sopheric acid and nitric acid by using various research paper and the test result difference of conventional concrete and geopolymer concrete. Based on that a review is prepared.
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Bílka, Ondřej, Kevin Buchin, Radoslav Fulek, Masashi Kiyomi, Yoshio Okamoto, Shin-ichi Tanigawa, and Csaba D. Tóth. "A Tight Lower Bound for Convexly Independent Subsets of the Minkowski Sums of Planar Point Sets." Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 17, no. 1 (October 29, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.37236/484.

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Recently, Eisenbrand, Pach, Rothvoß, and Sopher studied the function $M(m, n)$, which is the largest cardinality of a convexly independent subset of the Minkowski sum of some planar point sets $P$ and $Q$ with $|P| = m$ and $|Q| = n$. They proved that $M(m,n)=O(m^{2/3}n^{2/3}+m+n)$, and asked whether a superlinear lower bound exists for $M(n,n)$. In this note, we show that their upper bound is the best possible apart from constant factors.
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Sen, Damayanti. "Unemployment in COVID-19 Pandemic Times – A Glimpse of India." International Journal Of Scientific Advances 2, no. 5 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51542/ijscia.v2i5.3.

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COVID-19 has struck human lives in a two-pronged way – through one prong, it has infected people and taken the lives away, through the other prong it has pushed mankind to run into severe unemployment leading to unconditional misery. India’s sufferings, like all other countries, have rose to unprecedented levels during the COVID times throttled by both the prongs. This study is an insight into the unemployment levels which India has experienced during COVID times vis-s-vis the pre-COVID times. The paper has depicted the dismal picture of sky-rocketing unemployment rates and educated unemployment rates in Covid times in overall India. A comparison with reasoning has been given to the situation in the two states of West Bengal and Tamil Nadu with diagrams and Sopher’s Index. Data is not yet found for the second wave of Covid which struck in April 2021. This would have added to the dismal picture.
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