Academic literature on the topic 'Speech etiquette formulas'

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Journal articles on the topic "Speech etiquette formulas"

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Malyuga, Elena, Daria Maksimova, and Maria Ivanova. "Cognitive and Discoursive Features of Speech Etiquette in Corporate Communication." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 3 (2019): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n3p310.

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Today, the cultural, community-driven and individual-specific facets of speech etiquette are discussed in terms of the functional aspects manifested in various types of communication, including corporate interaction. This article analyzes the main cognitive and discoursive characteristics of the British and American speech etiquette from the perspective of cultural, social and role stereotypes, gives a characteristic of the content structure of speech behavior in corporate communication in three main areas—information, evaluation, motivation—and identifies ways to form these values. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are to be solved: (1) to determine the functions of speech formulas and their influence on the speech etiquette of British and American businesspeople, and (2) to identify the most outstanding characteristics in the use of formulas of agreement or disagreement in British and American speech etiquette. The article reveals the conditionality of the choice of speech etiquette formulas in the socio-cultural aspect and argues that speech etiquette in corporate communication is characterized by specialized functions and their clear implementation, which is the key to successful communication. The authors conclude that the change of the communicative setting entails the transformation of the register, therefore, the use of other formulas of speech etiquette. Consequently, the transition from formality to individualization of formulas has appeared in the use of formulas of agreement or disagreement in speech etiquette. So, business partners choose formulas based on the appropriateness and acceptability of use in the current setting with a specific interlocutor.
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Vartanova, Natalia, and Marina Volodina. "Representation of the ecolinguistic paradigm of etiquette formulas in advertising interviews." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 08017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338908017.

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Advertising discourse has a number of features related to the specific context in which the communication takes place. The addressee is usually sceptical, while the addresser uses the entire arsenal of language to make an impact. In this article, we focus on the use of etiquette formulas in interviews. The representation of the cultural code of the ecolinguistic paradigm is particularly diverse in formulas of speech etiquette. Etiquette (fr. étiquette - label, tag, etiquette) is the rules of behavior that ensure the maintenance of the existing in a given society (community) perceptions of what is appropriate [17]. Speech etiquette reflects the principles of communicative behaviour in a communication situation, considering role models and communication context. Speech etiquette implements ready, standardized, stable speech acts: both situations and applied speech formulas are standard. The article explores the concept of speech etiquette formulas in the system of advertising discourse, in the context of advertising interview, from the perspective of pragmatics and linguoculturology, as part of linguistic ecology.
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Yebelekbayeva, A. K., and G. N. Smagulova. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE KAZAKH AND CHUVASH LANGUAGES (BASED ON GREETINGS)." Tiltanym, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2023-2-107-116.

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The research paper considers the speech etiquette in the Kazakh and Chuvash languages, belonging to a family of Turkic languages, from the point of view of the genealogical origin of the language, based on the formula of welcome. Speech etiquette is an inextricable part of the culture of any country. Its basic structure consists of special lexical units - speech formulas used in situations that take place in different contexts. Functional study of speech formulas allows to classify models of speech etiquette with equivalents in the Kazakh and Chuvash languages. The purpose and objectives of the study - functional-linguistic analysis of the use of greeting formulas in Kazakh and Chuvash, to consider the theoretical aspects of speech communication, to describe some parameters of etiquette formulations, to analyze thematic themes and also to reveal speech formulas by different methods. Research methods include analysis, synthesis, and linguistic analysis based on culturological, ethnographic, and social features. As a result of the research, the authors come to the conclusion that the speech formulas of two languages have general drawings and inconsistencies, conditioned by different factors. The similarities and differences in speech behavior in these languages are reflected in the basic welcome models.
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Shulginov, V. A., R. Zh Mustafin, and A. A. Tillabaeva. "REGULAR IM/POLITENESS IN INTERNET COMMUNICATION: DISCURSIVE SHIFT IN USING ETIQUETTE FORMULAS OF GRATITUDE." Culture and Text, no. 48 (2022): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2305-4077-2022-1-177-187.

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The article analyzes the ways etiquette formulas are used in conflict interactions between the participants of online communities. The writer brings into focus the tendency for etiquette formulas of gratitude to expand their functions. The article highlights typical strategies of using etiquette phrases in the discourse of conflict including their use as markers of open and covert speech aggression. The writers also state the functional convergence of gratitude and farewell formulars: the expression of gratitude as it is becomes a labelled sign of the speaker’s withdrawal from communication.
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Nifontova, Daria E. "SPEECH FORMULA OF ETIQUETTE IN THE CARNIVAL PLAYS OF HANS SACHS AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN." German Philology at the St Petersburg State University 13 (2023): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu33.2023.115.

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The article aims to study the form and functions of some etiquette speech formulas in Early New High German. On the material Hans Sachs’s carnival play Das Narrenscheyden (Cure of Fools, 1557) from the standpoint of speech etiquette, the cases of using addresses, greetings, farewells, requests, advice, etc. are analyzed. The methodological basis is determined by the theoretical position of historical pragmatic linguistics of the potential possibility of using old texts as a source of linguistic material. The article presents for the first time the specificity of the use of speech formulas of etiquette in the works of H. Sachs in the aspect of their translation into modern Russian. Particular attention is paid to the features of the genre of Shrovetide plays, as well as to the problem of translating of Knittelvers, traditionally aligned in Russian into iambic tetrameter. The article notes the role of H. Sachs as one of the first authors of his time, who consistently assigned linguistic features of social differentiation to the speech of the characters. In this regard, an attempt is made to trace the variability of etiquette speech formulas depending on the situation of speech interaction. In addition to thе main functions of etiquette formulas, regulatory and characterizing functions are distinguished (etiquette speech formulas as markers of the development of dramatic action and means of creating character images). The obtained results contribute to the study of the features of speech interaction, presented on the basis of texts from distant eras and their translations.
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Wang, Liancen. "Comparative analysis of speech etiquette in modern Russian and Chinese." World of Russian-speaking countries 4, no. 10 (2021): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2021-4-10-52-67.

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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of speech etiquette in the modern Russian and Chinese languages; it is noted that an important feature of speech etiquette is a reflection of the national culture and national specifics of speech behavior. Speech etiquette includes communicatively significant meanings: social, international, emotional and evaluative, and identifying and understanding these meanings is impossible without taking into account the national specifics of etiquette rules. The article examines in detail the formulas of speech etiquette related to the situations of address, gratitude, apology and request in Russian and Chinese, analyzes the system of kinship terms in Chinese, which is more detailed compared to the Russian language, provides the results of analyzing the use of proper names in speech formulas. The article considers the choice of lexical means in address, request and gratitude, depending on the characteristics of the communicative situation (the relationship between the addressee and the addressant, the communicative situation, the method and purpose of communication, the tone of communication, etc.). The author gives examples of various speech scenarios in Chinese communication, analyzes the tendency to euphemizing speech in Chinese etiquette formulas, and concludes that a comparative analysis of speech etiquette in modern Russian and Chinese helps to increase cultural awareness in the use of language and understanding that the peculiarities of speech interaction of the communicants require attention not only to the linguistic structures themselves, but also to the specifics of speech behavior and the associated pragmatics of communication.
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Фатэмэ, Ахмади Бэни. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE FORMULAS OF IN CONTRASTIVE STUDIES." Международный аспирантский вестник. Русский язык за рубежом, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37632/pi.2023.98.26.006.

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Статья посвящена проблеме изучения стереотипных формул речевого этикета и их описания в контексте контрастивных исследований. Стереотипные этикетные формулы являются одной из основных характеристик успешного межкультурного общения, так как манеры и выражения, которые считаются вежливыми в одном обществе, могут показаться странными или даже грубыми в другом. На примере сравнения языковых шаблонов в русском и персидском языках рассматриваются сложности поиска их эквивалентов для корректного и адекватного перевода. Особое внимание уделяется специфике этикетных формул для дальнейшего обучения речевому этикету иностранных студентов. Language stereotypes, speech etiquette formulas, pragmatics, contrastive studies, translation. The article is devoted to the problem of studying stereotypical formulas of speech etiquette and their description in the context of contrastive studies. Stereotypical formulas of etiquette are one of the main characteristics of successful intercultural communication, as manners and expressions that are considered polite in one society may seem strange or even rude in another society. Using the example of comparing language patterns in Russian and Persian, the difficulties of finding their equivalents for correct and adequate translation are considered. Special attention is paid to the specifics of etiquette formulas for further teaching speech etiquette to foreign students.
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ABDURAKHMANOVA, Patimat Magomedovna. "GRATITUDE FORMULAS IN THE AVAR LANGUAGE." Herald of Daghestan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Science, no. 78 (December 22, 2020): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/vestdnc78/10.

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The article examines the formulas of the speech etiquette of the Avar language used in various communicative acts to express gratitude. The use of gratitude formulas depends on various social indicators, on the time and place of residence. Along with the universal neutral formula of gratitude barkala (thank you), the Avar speech etiquette has a number of nationally specific gratitude formulas in the form of good wishes.
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Emelianova, Natalya A. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE CONTEXT OF LEARNING RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH AS FOREIGN LANGUAGES." Humanities And Social Studies In The Far East 19, no. 1 (2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2022-19-1-32-40.

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The study of national speech etiquette is of interest to linguists, since this area of communication is one of the indicators of interpersonal relations in society. The microsystem of speech etiquette contains cultural and mental stereotypes of communication. For their assimilation and correct speech behaviour in a multilingual community, the analysis of etiquette formulas adopted in a foreign language culture is necessary, which determines the relevance of this research, focused on studying the semantics of speech etiquette formulas within the framework of the concept of intercultural communication. At the same time, not only features of language and speech are considered, but also difficulties of forming a multilingual personality in the process of using the means of speech etiquette in certain communicative situations, such as greeting, farewell, gratitude, apology etc. The author also draws attention to the manifestation of the category of politeness in a foreign language, taking into account national and cultural factors.
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Khamroeva, Rokhat Utkirovna. "SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN ENGLISH LESSONS." Yosh Tadqiqotchi 1, no. 2 (2022): 225–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6387435.

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Speech etiquette often plays a decisive role in the design of the statement, in the selection of means in speech communication. A student receiving a pedagogical education must not only master the literary norm, but also carefully study the culture of the country of the language being studied, the specifics of speech etiquette, verbal etiquette formulas and clichés characteristic of the language.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Speech etiquette formulas"

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Павленко, Т. А. "Лінгвопрагматична та перекладацька специфіка встановлення контакту в американській корпоративній культурі". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72419.

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У роботі розглянуто головні принципи ділового етикетного спілкування, які ґрунтуються на національній специфіці мовленнєвого етикету, а також особливості використання етикетних формул в ситуаціях ділового й офіційного спілкування. Проводиться аналіз особливостей вербальної та невербальної комунікативної поведінки дискурсивної особистості у корпоративному дискурсі. У роботі також надається пояснення особливостей вербалізації категорії «ввічливості», тактик та стратегій домінування у межах корпоративного дискурсу. В якості основних методів дослідження у роботі були використані наступні: функціонально-комунікативний метод, метод дискурсивного аналізу, порівняльний метод та елементи кількісного аналізу, які дозволили провести вичерпне дослідження особливостей використання етикетних формул у межах корпоративного дискурсу на етапі встановлення контакту. У ході дослідження було встановлено, що найбільшу кількість висловів повсякденного вжитку нараховують такі групи, як прохання, знайомства, побажання, вибачення, подяки, відповіді на подяку, запрошення, привітання, згоди. Вислови мовленнєвого етикету повсякденного вжитку, закріплені за певними ситуаціями ввічливих взаємин між комунікантами, у результаті багаторазової повторюваності стали стійкими формулами спілкування, типовими, стійко повторюваними конструкціями, що використовуються практично в усіх ситуаціях спілкування і становлять собою готові формули не лише з точки зору їх морфолого-синтаксичної структури, а й з точки зору їх лексичної наповненості. Без таких стереотипних виразів, механічно відтворюваних у типових мовленнєвих ситуаціях ввічливості, обійтися, неможливо, адже вони виконують роль регулятивних чинників мовленнєвого акту. Сталі етикетні формули спілкування вмотивовані стилістично, функціонально, оскільки забезпечують точність, однозначність і економність процесів спілкування.<br>The paper considers the main principles of business etiquette communication, which are based on the national specificity of speech etiquette, as well as the peculiarities of the use of etiquette formulas in situations of business and official communication. The analysis of peculiarities of verbal and nonverbal communicative behavior of discursive personality in corporate discourse is carried out. The paper also explains the peculiarities of the verbalization of the category of «politeness», tactics and strategies of domination within corporate discourse. As the main methods in terms of the paper research were used the following: the functional and communicative method, the method of discursive analysis, the comparative method and the elements of quantitative analysis, which allowed to conduct a comprehensive study of the features of etiquette formulas using within the framework of corporate discourse during the contact establishment. In the course of the study, it was found that the largest number of expressions of everyday use include groups such as requests, acquaintances, wishes, apologies, gratitude, responses to gratitude, invitations, greetings, and agreement. Speech etiquette of everyday use, fixed in certain situations of polite relations between communicants, as a result of repeated repetition became stable communication formulas, typical, consistently repeating constructions used in almost all communicative situations and formulate ready-made formulas not only from the point of view of their morphological and syntactic structure, but also from the point of view of their lexical form. A participant of the communicative act cannot avoid such stereotyped expressions, mechanically reproducible in typical linguistic polite situations, because they act as regulatory factors in speech acts. Fixed etiquette communication formulas are motivated stylistically, functionally, because they ensure the accuracy, unambiguity and economy of communication processes.
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Павленко, Т. А. "Лінгвопрагматична та перекладацька специфіка встановлення контакту в американській корпоративній культурі". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/72161.

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Мета: виявлення лінгвістичних, лексико-семантичних та граматичних особливостей встановлення контакту в американській корпоративній культурі, вивчення основних засобів вербалізації категорії «ввічливості» в англійській мові. Теоретичне значення: можливість використання матеріалів дослідження і його результатів у навчальному процесі, лекційних курсах з лексикології сучасної англійської мови, лінгвокраїнознавства, загального мовознавства, спецкурсах з теорії мовленнєвої комунікації, мовленнєвого етикету та невербальної комунікації. У роботі розглянуто головні принципи ділового етикетного спілкування, які ґрунтуються на національній специфіці мовленнєвого етикету, а також особливості використання етикетних формул в ситуаціях ділового й офіційного спілкування. Проводиться аналіз особливостей вербальної та невербальної комунікативної поведінки дискурсивної особистості у корпоративному дискурсі. У роботі також надається пояснення особливостей вербалізації категорії «ввічливості», тактик та стратегій домінування у межах корпоративного дискурсу. В якості основних методів дослідження у роботі були використані наступні: функціонально-комунікативний метод, метод дискурсивного аналізу, порівняльний метод та елементи кількісного аналізу, які дозволили провести вичерпне дослідження особливостей використання етикетних формул у межах корпоративного дискурсу на етапі встановлення контакту. У ході дослідження було встановлено, що найбільшу кількість висловів повсякденного вжитку нараховують такі групи, як прохання, знайомства, побажання, вибачення, подяки, відповіді на подяку, запрошення, привітання, згоди. Вислови мовленнєвого етикету повсякденного вжитку, закріплені за певними ситуаціями ввічливих взаємин між комунікантами, у результаті багаторазової повторюваності стали стійкими формулами спілкування, типовими, стійко повторюваними конструкціями, що використовуються практично в усіх ситуаціях спілкування і становлять собою готові формули не лише з точки зору їх морфолого-синтаксичної структури, а й з точки зору їх лексичної наповненості. Без таких стереотипних виразів, механічно відтворюваних у типових мовленнєвих ситуаціях ввічливості, обійтися, неможливо, адже вони виконують роль регулятивних чинників мовленнєвого акту. Сталі етикетні формули спілкування вмотивовані стилістично, функціонально, оскільки забезпечують точність, однозначність і економність процесів спілкування.<br>Goal: Identification of linguistic, lexico-semantic and grammatical features of contact establishing in American corporate culture, studying the main means of verbalization of the category of «politeness» in English language. Theoretical meaning: the possibility of using the materials of the research and its results in the educational process, lecture courses on lexicology of modern English, linguistics, general linguistics, special courses on the theory of speech communication, speech etiquette and non-verbal communication. The paper considers the main principles of business etiquette communication, which are based on the national specificity of speech etiquette, as well as the peculiarities of the use of etiquette formulas in situations of business and official communication. The analysis of peculiarities of verbal and nonverbal communicative behavior of discursive personality in corporate discourse is carried out. The paper also explains the peculiarities of the verbalization of the category of «politeness», tactics and strategies of domination within corporate discourse. As the main methods in terms of the paper research were used the following: the functional and communicative method, the method of discursive analysis, the comparative method and the elements of quantitative analysis, which allowed to conduct a comprehensive study of the features of etiquette formulas using within the framework of corporate discourse during the contact establishment. In the course of the study, it was found that the largest number of expressions of everyday use include groups such as requests, acquaintances, wishes, apologies, gratitude, responses to gratitude, invitations, greetings, and agreement. Speech etiquette of everyday use, fixed in certain situations of polite relations between communicants, as a result of repeated repetition became stable communication formulas, typical, consistently repeating constructions used in almost all communicative situations and formulate ready-made formulas not only from the point of view of their morphological and syntactic structure, but also from the point of view of their lexical form. A participant of the communicative act cannot avoid such stereotyped expressions, mechanically reproducible in typical linguistic polite situations, because they act as regulatory factors in speech acts. Fixed etiquette communication formulas are motivated stylistically, functionally, because they ensure the accuracy, unambiguity and economy of communication processes.
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Бієнко, Альона Олегівна, та Alona Olehivna Biienko. "Гендерно марковані етикетні формули (на матеріалі сучасних німецьких художніх фільмів)". Master's thesis, 2020. http://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9711.

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В роботі досліджено гендерно марковані етикетні формули, які використовуються у діалогічному мовленні персонажів сучасного німецького кіно.<br>The paper explores gender-marked etiquette formulas used in dialogic speech of characters of modern German cinema.
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Book chapters on the topic "Speech etiquette formulas"

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Sharonov, Igor A. "THE PROJECT OF THE NEW MODERN RUSSIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE MANUAL." In LINGUISTICS AND METHODOLOGY IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: MODERN TRENDS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES. Russian State University for the Humanities, 2024. https://doi.org/10.28995/978-5-7281-3396-4-64-73.

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The project of the new educational dictionary of modern Russian speech etiquette is an issue, that is discussed. The reason to compile is, on the one hand, in the requirement to renew the half-century years old dictionaries and manuals, because they convey many outdated etiquette formulas, and on the other hand, because the new discursive approaches should be applied to the list of new units and to their description. The article discusses the formal properties of speech etiquette formulas: their independent syntactic status in dialogue, their grammatical stiffness and regular usage in everyday communication, as well as their discursive-pragmatic properties. The main task of the issue is to explain to foreign students the pragmatic rules, helping to use adequately etiquette formulae in modern communicative practice. A new approach deals mostly not with separate etiquette formulae, but with small etiquette dialogues, etiquette-relevant minimal speech interactions of two interlocutors. The description of initiating and responding dialogue cues differ considerably. The responding dialogue cue require a broader description due to the inclusion of information about the stimulating remark, its intention and syntactic design. A new dictionary of speech etiquette would help foreign students to master their communication skills in Russian, and may be interesting for young Russians.
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Alieva, P. M. "PECULIARITIES OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN AVARTS AND ARABS." In Caucasian Languages: Genetic-Typological Communities and Areal Relations. Collection of articles based on the materials of the VII International Scientific Conference. Publishing house "Alef", Makhachkala, Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31029/caucaslanguages2021/20.

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The article is devoted to linguistic and cultural analysis of greetings, farewell expressions, other welcoming formulas in Arabic and Avar languages in order to reveal the ethnic component, distinguishing the Avars from the Arabs, and also similarities and differences in behavior and etiquette. The comparative analysis showed the existence of general and differential features in the conceptualization and the usus of speech behavior.
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Petrova, Krasimira A. "GREETING CARDS AS LINGUISTIC DIDACTIC MATERIAL IN RFL (RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE) CLASSES." In LINGUISTICS AND METHODOLOGY IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: MODERN TRENDS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES. Russian State University for the Humanities, 2024. https://doi.org/10.28995/978-5-7281-3396-4-105-111.

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The article examines the linguistic didactic and research potential of greeting postcards in RFL classes and other anthropocentrically oriented disciplines in the training of Bulgarian students. Key concepts in the language picture of the world of Russians and Bulgarians, formulas of speech etiquette, traditional wishes are extracted from the verbal part. Culturally significant and nationally specific information about the symbols and attributes of the holidays, the preservation of traditions, and the elements of the globalization of holidays are restored by the visual components.
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Kaleniuk, Svitlana, and Iryna Loshchenova. "VERBAL OBJECTIVATION OF THE “EDUCATION” CONCEPT IN UKRAINIAN AXIOLOGY." In Modernization of research area: national prospects and European practices. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-221-0-24.

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Image components are formed with the help of mostly verbal metaphors, which was confirmed by our linguistic research on the concept of “education”. Verbal metaphors are mostly related to fixed speech constructions, much less to individual-authorial ones, as well as paremias, which are usually semantically related to two conceptual fields – “family” and “human behavior in society”. The purpose of the paper is isolation and linguistic qualification of means of verbal objectification of the concept of “education” as a component of the system of Ukrainian axiology. This goal requires the following tasks: to outline the theoretical foundations of the study of axiological concepts in linguistics; describe the principles of determining the means of verbal objectification of the concept of “education” as a component of the system of Ukrainian axiology; to fix and qualify from the classical linguistic positions the means of verbal objectification of the concept of “education”, based on the theory of V. Karasyk. Methodology of the study is based on different methods: inductive and generalization methods are used for the formation of the theoretical unit of research; descriptive method helped to describe and clarify the leading features and structural features of the concepts; method of conceptual analysis was applied to identify conceptual, figurative and evaluative components in the structure of the studied concept; structural (method of component analysis) was utilized in order to determine the semantic meaning of the conceptual, figurative and evaluative components of the studied concept. The use of the mathematical method of quantitative calculations made it possible to determine the most and least dynamic in terms of verbal representatives of the concept. Results of the survey showed that axiology was the first science to study the concept of “value”, later, the object of its attention attracted other humanities, which equated it with the notion of “concept” (primarily as an axiological concept). The axiological concept in linguistics is regarded in term of several research approaches. The most relevant for our work are linguistic and linguocognitive approaches due to its representation in the linguistic consciousness as a multidimensional grid of meanings. These meanings are expressed by lexical, phraseological, paremiological units, precedent texts, etiquette formulas, as well as tactics of speech behavior that reflect fragments of social life. Practical implications. For the practical analysis of the axiological concept of “education”, which we had been studying, we tested the approach of V. Karasyk in order to establish all the vocabulary meanings of the concept under consideration, its metaphor quality and the range of assessments that characterize it. Value/originality. Identifying the conceptual components of “education” made it possible to identify two lexical and semantic variants, one of which has purely verbal semantics, thirteen derived concepts, including 5 nouns, 3 adjectives, 4verbs and their forms, 1 adverb, and more than 40 synonyms, most of which are verbs. Such an investigation can solve precise conceptual problems in linguistics, namely a valuable component of verbal objectification.
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"The student reports that the interview that followed was stiff and quite unsatis-factory. Being black himself, he knew that he had ‘blown it’ by failing to recognize the significance of the husband’s speech style in this particular case. The style is that of a formulaic opening gambit used to ‘check out’ strangers, to see whether or not they can come up with the appropriate formulaic reply. Intent on follow-ing the instructions he had received in his methodological training and doing well in what he saw as a formal interview, the interviewer failed to notice the hus-band’s stylistic cues. Reflecting on the incident, he himself states that, in order to show that he was on the husband’s wave-length, he should have replied with a typically black response like ‘Yea, I’ma git some info’ (I’m going to get some information) to prove his familiarity with and his ability to understand local verbal etiquette and values. Instead, his Standard English reply was taken by the husband as an indication that the interviewer was not one of them and, perhaps, not to be trusted. The opener ‘So y’re gonna check out ma ol lady’ is similar to the ‘Ahma git me a gig’ discussed elsewhere. Both are formulaic phrases identifiable through co-occurrent selections of phonological, prosodic, morphological and lexical options. Linguists have come to recognize that, as Fillmore (1976) puts it, ‘an enormous amount of natural language is formulaic, automatic and rehearsed, rather than pro-positional, creative or freely generated.’ But it must be emphasized that although such formulas have some of the characteristics of common idioms like kick the bucket and spill the beans, their meaning cannot be adequately described by lexical glosses. They occur as part of routinized interactive exchanges, such as Goffman describes as ‘replies and responses’ (1981). Their use signals both expectations about what is to be accomplished and about the form that replies must take. They are similar in function to code switching strategies. Like the latter they are learned by interacting with others in institutionally defined networks of relationships. Where these relationships are ethnically specific they are often regarded as markers of ethnic background. But, as our example shows, their use in actual encounters is ultimately determined by activity specific pre-suppositions so that failure to react is not in itself a clear sign of ethnic identity. Basically, these formulaic phrases reflect indirect conversational strategies that make conditions favorable to estab-lishing personal contact and negotiating shared interpretations. . . ." In Pragmatics and Discourse. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203994597-10.

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"that both Syrians and Americans are more likely to either accept or mitigate the force of the compliment than to reject it. Both groups employed similar response types (e.g. agreeing utterances, compliment returns, and deflecting or qualifying comments); however, they also differed in their responses. US recipients were much more likely than the Syrians to use appreciation tokens and a preferred Syrian response, acceptance + formula, does not appear in the US data at all. Recently, in a conversation with an American who had taught EFL in Damascus for two years, one of the researchers mentioned that she was investigating the strategies Syrians use in responding to compliments. The teacher looked surprised and asked, ‘What’s there to study? Syrians just say Shukran (“thank you”). When I’m complimented in Arabic, that’s what I say – Shukran.’ This teacher was apply-ing a rule from his L1 speech community to an L2 speech community. The rule he was transferring is one that American parents teach their children and one that is taught in etiquette books: ‘When you are complimented, the only response nec-essary is “Thank you” ’ (Johnson 1979: 43). Compliment responses in Syrian Arabic, as shall become clear later, are much more complex than saying Shukran when praised. In this paper, we report on a study of Syrian Arabic speakers’ and American English speakers’ verbal responses to compliments. The purpose of the study is to better understand the strategies used by Syrians and Americans in responding to compliments, to discover similarities and differences between the two groups, and to relate the findings to second language acquisition and second language teaching." In Pragmatics and Discourse. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203994597-39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Speech etiquette formulas"

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Зорина, Виктория Владимировна, and Мунхболд Мунхсулд. "FEATURES OF MONGOLIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE." In Поколение будущего: сборник избранных статей Международной студенческой научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Май 2022). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/pb197.2022.10.51.005.

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Статья посвящена особенностям монгольского речевого этикета. Приведены примеры речевых формул, используемых при приветствии, прощании и обращении к старшим. The article discusses the features of the Mongolian speech etiquette. Examples of speech formulas used when greeting, saying goodbye and addressing elders are given.
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Воронцова, Юлия Александровна. "FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL CULTURE OF FOREIGN STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MASTERING THE FORMULAS OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE." In Слово, высказывание, текст в когнитивном, прагматическом и культурологическом аспектах. Челябинский государственный университет, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/9785727118054_236.

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Novospasskaya, Natalia, Xiong Ziyi, Natalia Perfilieva, and Olesya Lazareva. "TEACHING RUSSIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE FORMULAE TO CHINESE STUDENTS (BASED ON ADDRESS AND GREETING IN BUSINESS COMMUNICATION)." In 12th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2020.0893.

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