Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Standard observation / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Standard observation.

Journal articles on the topic 'Standard observation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Standard observation.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Batten, Alan H. "The Choice of Standard Stars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 111 (1985): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900078748.

Full text

Abstract:

Standard stars should normally be constant in the characteristic for which they have been chosen to be standards. Individually they should be capable of testing the instrument used in their measurement, and collectively (usually together with a particular type of instrument) they must define a system of measurement. A star should not be adopted as a standard until several years' observation have demonstrated its constancy. The number of independent observations in that interval is as important as its length. Many of these points are illustrated by particular reference to standard-velocity star

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Ilyosova Dilbar Ismoil qizi. "PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF STATISTICAL OBSERVATIONS OF THE LIVING STANDARDS OF THE POPULATION." Innovation Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (2025): 14–18. https://doi.org/10.55439/ist/vol1_iss2/34.

Full text

Abstract:

This article examines indicators that represent the standard of living of the population in Uzbekistan and formsof observation of statistics on the standard of living of the population. It is aimed at studying the principles of organizationand conduct of statistical observations of the living standards of the population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

White, Mark C. "Rater Performance Standards for Classroom Observation Instruments." Educational Researcher 47, no. 8 (2018): 492–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x18785623.

Full text

Abstract:

Raters must score accurately and consistently for classroom observation scores to be valid. This requires (a) a standard defining when scoring is accurate and consistent enough and (b) measuring and remediating rater performance against that standard. Current practice has focused on this second problem to the exclusion of the first. My goal here is to start a discussion about identifying a clear, explicit standard that ensures observation scores reflect a consistent view of teaching quality, rather than raters’ idiosyncratic perspectives. In doing so, I connect current certification test cut-s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Faaiz Ali Shah, Shams Ur Rehman, Shahidullah, and Yasir Imran. "Does Observation Improve Compliance to Standard Surgical Hand Scrubbing?" Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat 14, no. 4 (2024): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2024.14.4.933.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Standard surgical hand scrubbing techniques are essential for the prevention of surgical site infections. Overt observation is the gold standard to assess compliance to surgical hand scrubbing techniques but is confounded by the Hawthorne effect. Objective: To compare the compliance of surgical hand scrubbing technique in Orthopaedic operation theatres as observed overtly and covertly by trained independent observers.Materials and Methods: We conducted this cross sectional study in Orthopaedic operation theatres of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from 15th November 2023 to 15th Fe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Uboldi, F., A. Trevisan, and A. Carrassi. "Developing a dynamically based assimilation method for targeted and standard observations." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 12, no. 1 (2005): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-12-149-2005.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. In a recent study, a new method for assimilating observations has been proposed and applied to a small size nonlinear model. The assimilation is obtained by confining the analysis increment in the unstable subspace of the Observation-Analysis-Forecast (OAF) cycle system, in order to systematically eliminate the dynamically unstable components, present in the forecast error, which are responsible for error growth. Based on the same ideas, applications to more complex models and different, standard and adaptive, observation networks are in progress. Observing System Simulation Experime

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Rika, Mudar, Sri Wina Oktavia, Riska Fitriani, and Muhammad Ahmad Javed. "SEED GERMINATION TEST TECHNOLOGY PRACTICUM (STANDARD DEVELOPMENT TEST)." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi 7, no. 2 (2023): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v7i2.29761.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this practicum is to determine the percentage of seed germination, and to determine the germination capacity of the seed. The tools used in this practicum were a germonator, tweezers, clear plastic, and writing tools and the materials used in this practicum were substrate paper, 25 soybean seeds and 25 corn seeds. The results obtained were: On observations on the first day, it was seen that the germination value of both soybean seeds (Glycine max L) and corn seeds (Zea mays) had not changed because the time needed for the seeds to germinate had not been sufficient. In the 2nd observ

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Wagner, Stephan, Christiane Rode, Ralf Wojke, and Bernard Canaud. "Observation of microbubbles during standard dialysis treatments." Clinical Kidney Journal 8, no. 4 (2015): 400–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfv051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Waller, J. A., E. Bauernschubert, S. L. Dance, N. K. Nichols, R. Potthast, and D. Simonin. "Observation Error Statistics for Doppler Radar Radial Wind Superobservations Assimilated into the DWD COSMO-KENDA System." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 9 (2019): 3351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-19-0104.1.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractCurrently in operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) the density of high-resolution observations, such as Doppler radar radial winds (DRWs), is severely reduced in part to avoid violating the assumption of uncorrelated observation errors. To improve the quantity of observations used and the impact that they have on the forecast requires an accurate specification of the observation uncertainties. Observation uncertainties can be estimated using a simple diagnostic that utilizes the statistical averages of observation-minus-background and observation-minus-analysis residuals. We a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Peterseil, Johannes, Alexandre Belleflamme, Alessandro Oggioni, et al. "Advancing Scientific Research through Well-Defined and Standardized Data Products in eLTER." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 8 (May 28, 2025): e151888. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.8.e151888.

Full text

Abstract:

The scientific community increasingly relies on high-quality data products to drive research, enable cross-disciplinary studies and inform decision-making. The eLTER RI, as a European scale research infrastructure, aims to monitor the key characteristics of ecosystems and biodiversity and their response to global change and provide data streams as one of its services. In this context, the Whole System Approach (WAILS) and the derived eLTER Standard Observations (SOs) provide the scientific framework and protocols not only for data collection but also for integrating legacy data from long-term

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Lieu, Richard. "Exclusion of standard ℏω gravitons by LIGO observation". Classical and Quantum Gravity 35, № 19 (2018): 19LT02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/aadb30.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

McDonald, Clement J., Stanley M. Huff, Jeffrey G. Suico, et al. "LOINC, a Universal Standard for Identifying Laboratory Observations: A 5-Year Update." Clinical Chemistry 49, no. 4 (2003): 624–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/49.4.624.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC®) database provides a universal code system for reporting laboratory and other clinical observations. Its purpose is to identify observations in electronic messages such as Health Level Seven (HL7) observation messages, so that when hospitals, health maintenance organizations, pharmaceutical manufacturers, researchers, and public health departments receive such messages from multiple sources, they can automatically file the results in the right slots of their medical records, research, and/or public health systems. For each obs

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Bezručka, Juraj. "Non-observation RINEX compression." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 43, no. 4 (2013): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/congeo-2013-0020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract RINEX format is a result of an effort to standardize exchanging GNSS related data in human readable receiver independent format. Besides observation data, RINEX is also de facto standard for exchanging navigation message or meteorological data. The paper describes simple compression methods for navigation messages and meteorological data files. Both formats have their specific features, therefore different methods were used. Followed by standard compression the algorithms reduce the file size by more than 20 percent compared to standard compression. Thanks to the properties of weather

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

van, de Putte Anton P., Yi-Ming Gan, Alyce Hancock, and Ben Raymond. "Towards a Distributed System for Essential Variables for the Southern Ocean." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 7 (September 7, 2023): e112289. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.7.112289.

Full text

Abstract:

The Southern Ocean (SO), delinated to the north by the Antarctic convergence, is a unique environment that experiences rapid change in some areas while remaining relatively untouched by human activities. At the same time, these ecosystems are under severe threat from climate change and other stressors. While our understanding of SO biological processes (e.g., species distributions, feeding ecology, reproduction) has greatly improved in recent years, biological data for the region remains patchy, sparse, and unstandardised depending on the taxonomic group (Griffiths et al. 2014).Due to the scar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Septiana, Sinta Dinar, Rusdhianti Wuryaningrum, and Akhmad Syukron. "IMPROVING OBSERVATION REPORT TEXT WRITING SKILLS THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL USING POWTOON APPLICATION IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL." JLER (Journal of Language Education Research) 3, no. 3 (2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/jler.v3i3.5228.

Full text

Abstract:

The skill of writing observation report text is one of the skills that need to be mastered by class X high school students. Based on the results of observations and interviews with Indonesian language subject teachers at Arjasa Junior High School, there is a problem in the process of writing observation report text. Students have d ifficulties in starting and developing ideas, have errors in applying linguistic rules, and difficulties in compiling a text framework for the observation report. This is indicated by the low-level of difficulty in learning to write the text of the observation repor

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Coltin, Brian, and Manuela Veloso. "Multi-Observation Sensor Resetting Localization with Ambiguous Landmarks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 1 (2011): 1462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v25i1.7983.

Full text

Abstract:

Successful approaches to the robot localization problem include Monte Carlo particle filters, which estimate non-parametric localization belief distributions. However, particle filters fare poorly at determining the robot's position without a good initial hypothesis. This problem has been addressed for robots that sense visual landmarks with sensor resetting, by performing sensor-based resampling when the robot is lost. For robots that make sparse, ambiguous and noisy observations, standard sensor resetting places new location hypotheses across a wide region, in positions that may be inconsist

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

WANG, XiaoFeng, and KaiCheng ZHANG. "Cosmic standard candles: Observation and theory of typeⅠa supernovae." Chinese Science Bulletin 60, no. 1 (2015): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n972014-00610.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Thompson, E. H. "THE STANDARD ERROR OF AN OBSERVATION OF UNIT WEIGHT." Photogrammetric Record 6, no. 31 (2006): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.1968.tb00907.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Iijima, Taizo. "Origin of the natural observation theory of standard form." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 77, no. 2 (1994): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.4430770212.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Brankart, Jean-Michel, Clément Ubelmann, Charles-Emmanuel Testut, Emmanuel Cosme, Pierre Brasseur, and Jacques Verron. "Efficient Parameterization of the Observation Error Covariance Matrix for Square Root or Ensemble Kalman Filters: Application to Ocean Altimetry." Monthly Weather Review 137, no. 6 (2009): 1908–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008mwr2693.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In the Kalman filter standard algorithm, the computational complexity of the observational update is proportional to the cube of the number y of observations (leading behavior for large y). In realistic atmospheric or oceanic applications, involving an increasing quantity of available observations, this often leads to a prohibitive cost and to the necessity of simplifying the problem by aggregating or dropping observations. If the filter error covariance matrices are in square root form, as in square root or ensemble Kalman filters, the standard algorithm can be transformed to be line

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Madaus, Luke E., Gregory J. Hakim, and Clifford F. Mass. "Utility of Dense Pressure Observations for Improving Mesoscale Analyses and Forecasts." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 7 (2014): 2398–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00269.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The use of dense pressure observations is investigated for creating mesoscale ensemble analyses and improving short-term mesoscale forecasts. By exploiting additional observation platforms, the number of pressure observations over the Pacific Northwest region is increased by an order of magnitude over standard airport observations. Quality control and bias correction methods for these observations are discussed, including the use of pressure tendency as an alternative observation type with fewer bias concerns. The enhanced station density provided by these observations contributes to

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Zhang, Xiaozhen, Yao Kong, Xiaochun Lu, and Decai Zou. "Contribution of Etalon Observation to Earth Rotation Parameters under a New Observation Scenario." Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (2022): 4936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12104936.

Full text

Abstract:

The standard products of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) are mainly based on the two laser geodynamics satellites (LAGEOS) due to the sparse observations of the Etalon satellites. With improvements in the ability to track high-altitude satellites, ILRS conducted a 3-month Etalon tracking campaign. In this paper, we study the contribution of more Etalon observations in the new observation scenario to weekly ILRS products, such as station coordinates, Earth rotation parameters (ERPs) and satellite orbit. We compare the ILRS products estimated from LAGEOS-only solutions and LAGEOS+

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Buehner, Mark, Ping Du, and Joël Bédard. "A New Approach for Estimating the Observation Impact in Ensemble–Variational Data Assimilation." Monthly Weather Review 146, no. 2 (2018): 447–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0252.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Two types of approaches are commonly used for estimating the impact of arbitrary subsets of observations on short-range forecast error. The first was developed for variational data assimilation systems and requires the adjoint of the forecast model. Comparable approaches were developed for use with the ensemble Kalman filter and rely on ensembles of forecasts. In this study, a new approach for computing observation impact is proposed for ensemble–variational data assimilation (EnVar). Like standard adjoint approaches, the adjoint of the data assimilation procedure is implemented throu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

DE MIRANDA, J. M. "LESSONS FROM STANDARD CHARM DECAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 19, no. 07 (2004): 1046–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x04018968.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent charm results are reviwed with special attention to spectroscopy and hadronic decays. Two new states decaying to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were recently discovered by BaBar and CLEO. In the baryon sector, the first observation of a doubly charmed baryon was announced by SELEX. Several amplitude analysis on charm hadronic decays are also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Iqbal, Muhammad, Hardiansyah Hardiansyah, and Wiwien Kurniawati. "Development of Standard Components of SMAN 1 Lingsar Library Based on National Library Standards." Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran 10, no. 1 (2025): 95. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v10i1.13907.

Full text

Abstract:

School library management with conventional systems is time-consuming and ineffective. This study aims to develop a development model for SMAN 1 Lingsar library standard components based on SNP. The method used is research and development with observation and FGD as data collection techniques. The results include the addition of book collections from student grants, improvement of facilities and infrastructure, optimization of services with barcode applications, technical training, funding from the West Lombok Regency Library, and development through book review competitions and automatic inve

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Karmawati, E., Siswanto, and M. Syakir. "Increasing added value of living standards on pepper growth and production towards sustainable agriculture." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 974, no. 1 (2022): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/974/1/012069.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In recent years, the productivity of pepper in Indonesia has decreased due to various problems in pepper farming, both on-farm and off-farm, so the contribution of Indonesian pepper to the world declined. One of the problems farmers face in cultivating pepper is the use of nonliving standards in several production areas, especially in Bangka Belitung and West Kalimantan. The use of non-living standards requires more inputs. Moreover, in the current pepper price situation, farmers have less profit. Observations on the growth of pepper on several types of living standards, namely Albizi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

O’Carroll, Anne G., John R. Eyre, and Roger W. Saunders. "Three-Way Error Analysis between AATSR, AMSR-E, and In Situ Sea Surface Temperature Observations." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25, no. 7 (2008): 1197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jtecho542.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Using collocations of three different observation types of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) gives enough information to enable the standard deviation of error on each observation type to be derived. SSTs derived from the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (EOS; AMSR-E) instruments are used, along with SST observations from buoys. Various assumptions are made within the error theory, including that the errors are not correlated, which should be the case for three independent data sources. An attempt is m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Waller, J. A., D. Simonin, S. L. Dance, N. K. Nichols, and S. P. Ballard. "Diagnosing Observation Error Correlations for Doppler Radar Radial Winds in the Met Office UKV Model Using Observation-Minus-Background and Observation-Minus-Analysis Statistics." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 10 (2016): 3533–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-15-0340.1.

Full text

Abstract:

With the development of convection-permitting numerical weather prediction the efficient use of high-resolution observations in data assimilation is becoming increasingly important. The operational assimilation of these observations, such as Doppler radar radial winds (DRWs), is now common, although to avoid violating the assumption of uncorrelated observation errors the observation density is severely reduced. To improve the quantity of observations used and the impact that they have on the forecast requires the introduction of the full, potentially correlated, error statistics. In this work,

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Wang, Feng, Xinming Chen, Rui He, Yan Liu, Jianming Hao, and Jiawu Li. "Wind Characteristics in Mountainous Valleys Obtained through Field Measurement." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167717.

Full text

Abstract:

The wind characteristics of the mountainous environment in Western China are extremely complex. Many advances have occurred in the study of wind characteristics in plains or hilly areas. However, some limitations remain in the study of mountain passes and riverbanks. We selected a mountain pass and river beach in a certain area as the research objects, then set up observation instruments at different locations to establish temporary observation stations to collect more than one year of measured data. By processing the measurement data during the observation period, the mean wind characteristic

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Reños, Grecilyn, and Pepa Pontillas. "Classroom Observation and Teachers’ Professional Development Activities: Basis for Intervention Plan." American Journal of Arts and Human Science 3, no. 3 (2024): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajahs.v3i3.3077.

Full text

Abstract:

Classroom observations systematically measure teachers’ performance, offering an effective professional development method. This study examines teachers’ perceptions of classroom observation and its impact on their professional growth. It evaluates the extent of classroom observation and its relationship with professional development during pre-observation, actual observation, and post-observation phases. The study involved 376 elementary teachers from Manolo Fortich District II and III, Division of Bukidnon, using a tool adapted from DepEd, COT (RPMS) for Teacher I-III. A mixed-method researc

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Putri, Ifa, and Rachmawati Rachmawati. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MATEMATIKA MELALUI BERMAIN MONOPOLI MAK (MATEMATIKA ASYIK) ROUND DENGAN MEDIA LOOSEPART." Prismatika: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Riset Matematika 6, no. 2 (2024): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/prismatika.v6i2.4048.

Full text

Abstract:

This research aims to determine the increase in the development of cognitive abilities through playing monopoly with loosepart media in group A children at DARUL HIKMAH Kindergarten. This type of research is classroom action research. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely (1) action planning, (2) action implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. The subjects of this research were group A at DARUL HIKMAH Kindergarten, totaling 10 children. The object of research is children's cognitive abilities through the monopoly media MAK ROUND. Data collection techniques used in this researc

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Trevisan, Anna, and Francesco Uboldi. "Assimilation of Standard and Targeted Observations within the Unstable Subspace of the Observation–Analysis–Forecast Cycle System." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 61, no. 1 (2004): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<0103:aosato>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Wang, Xiao, Qing Ye, Gaochuan Liu, and Ye Fan. "Analysis on The Status of Deep-well Geo-electrical Resistivity Observation in China Geoelectric Network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2651, no. 1 (2023): 012133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2651/1/012133.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract With the deterioration of the observation environment and the increasing interference of surface stray currents, the commonly used surface resistivity observation is facing severe challenges. China began to experiment and develop deep-well geo-electrical resistivity observation. In this paper, the characteristics of the observation system of each resistivity station are counted and analyzed, and the data quality of the deep-well geo-electrical resistivity observation and the ground resistivity observation at the same site is compared in terms of relative standard deviation and annual

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Beck, Nathaniel. "Is Causal-Process Observation an Oxymoron?" Political Analysis 14, no. 3 (2006): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpj015.

Full text

Abstract:

When I first read King, Keohane, and Verba (1994) (KKV), I was excited by the general theme of what seemed to me the obvious, but usually unspoken, idea that all political scientists, both quantitative and qualitative, are scientists and governed by the same scientific standards. KKV, as Henry Brady (Brady and Collier 2004, chap. 3) cleverly notes, clearly were preaching to the qualitative researcher, and the subject of the sermon was that qualitative researchers should adopt many of the ideas standard in quantitative research. Thus, to abuse both the metaphor and KKV, one might compare KKV to

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Al-Balushi, Rashid. "Why verbless sentences in Standard Arabic are verbless." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 57, no. 1 (2012): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100002188.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article aims to account for why verbless sentences in Standard Arabic lack a copular verb. In contrast to previous accounts which attribute the absence of the copula to some defect of present tense, I claim that a verbless sentence does not take a copula because its nominais do not need structural Case. The proposed analysis argues that structural Case is licensed by a “Verbal Case” feature on the relevant Case-checking heads, and assumes the Visibility Condition. The present analysis is based on a unique interaction between tense and word order, and on the observation that verble

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Chen, Hongtao, and Li Guan. "Assessing FY-3E HIRAS-II Radiance Accuracy Using AHI and MERSI-LL." Remote Sensing 14, no. 17 (2022): 4309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14174309.

Full text

Abstract:

The FY-3E/HIRAS-II (Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II), as an infrared hyperspectral instrument onboard the world’s first early morning polar-orbiting satellite, plays a major role in improving the accuracy and timeliness of global numerical weather predictions. In order to assess its observation quality, the geometrically, temporally, and spatially matched scene homogeneous HIRAS-II hyperspectral observations were convolved to the channels corresponding to the Himawari-8/AHI (Advanced Himawari Imager) and FY-3E/MERSI-LL (Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager) imagers from 15 March to

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Tangborn, Andrew, Robert Cooper, Steven Pawson, and Zhibin Sun. "Chemical Source Inversion Using Assimilated Constituent Observations in an Idealized Two-Dimensional System." Monthly Weather Review 137, no. 9 (2009): 3013–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr2775.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A source inversion technique for chemical constituents is presented that uses assimilated constituent observations rather than directly using the observations. The method is tested with a simple model problem, which is a two-dimensional Fourier–Galerkin transport model combined with a Kalman filter for data assimilation. Inversion is carried out using a Green’s function method and observations are simulated from a true state with added Gaussian noise. The forecast state uses the same spectral model but differs by an unbiased Gaussian model error and emissions models with constant erro

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Yang, Juan, Lina Yang, and Yawen Chen. "Clinical Practice of Cataract Special Care Standards in Nonophthalmic Wards." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022 (January 7, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8303606.

Full text

Abstract:

Cataract is a lens metabolism disease, which is caused by various factors, and leads to metamorphic lens proteins turbidity. Cataract commonly occurs in elderly patients, and majority of these patients have clinical manifestations of blurred vision and other symptoms. In this study, we explored the clinical practice and observations of cataract care criteria in nonophthalmic wards. To realize this, a total of one hundred and twenty (120) cataract patients, admitted to the East Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, particularly from April 2019-2020, were divided into th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Wecht, K. J., D. J. Jacob, S. C. Wofsy, et al. "Validation of TES methane with HIPPO aircraft observations: implications for inverse modeling of methane sources." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 10 (2011): 27887–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-27887-2011.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. We validate satellite methane observations from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) with 151 aircraft vertical profiles over the Pacific from the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observation (HIPPO) program. We find that a collocation window of ±750 km and ±24 h does not introduce significant error in comparing TES and aircraft profiles. We validate both the TES standard product (V004) and an experimental product with two pieces of information in the vertical (V005). We determine a V004 mean bias of 65.7 ppb with residual standard deviation of 44.2 ppb. For V005 we determine mean biases

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Liu, Shaojie, Xing Lin, Feng Liu, Hairui Lei, Wei Fang, and Chaoyuan Jin. "Observation of photon antibunching with only one standard single-photon detector." Review of Scientific Instruments 92, no. 1 (2021): 013105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0038035.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Jolliffe, Ian T., and Stephen G. Lukudu. "The influence of a single observation on some standard test statistics." Journal of Applied Statistics 20, no. 1 (1993): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664769300000012.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Cavaliere, Matteo, and Peter Leupold. "Evolution and observation—a non-standard way to generate formal languages." Theoretical Computer Science 321, no. 2-3 (2004): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2004.03.036.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Wilkins, G. A. "The Past, Present and Future of Reference Systems for Astronomy and Geodesy." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 141 (1990): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900086149.

Full text

Abstract:

Standard values of astronomical and geodetic constants were adopted in the late nineteenth century for use in the determination of terrestrial and celestial coordinates, and their values were changed subsequently as better values became known. The great improvements in the precision of observation during the past decade has made it necessary to develop reference systems that also include the models and procedures that are used for the analysis of observations by particular techniques. The accurate detemination of the connections between the corresponding reference frames and the adoption of un

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Koshio, Yusuke. "Observation of Atmospheric Neutrinos." Universe 6, no. 6 (2020): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe6060080.

Full text

Abstract:

In 1998, the Super-Kamiokande discovered neutrino oscillation using atmospheric neutrino anomalies. It was the first direct evidence of neutrino mass and the first phenomenon to be discovered beyond the standard model of particle physics. Recently, more precise measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters using atmospheric neutrinos have been achieved by several detectors, such as Super-Kamiokande, IceCube, and ANTARES. In addition, precise predictions and measurements of atmospheric neutrino flux have been performed. This paper presents the history, current status, and future prospects of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Wulandari and Isna Nurul Inayati. "IMPROVING TEACHER COMPETENCY IN IMPLEMENTING LEARNING METHODS BASED ON ACTIVITY THROUGH PEER TUTORS AT UPT SD NEGERI JATEN, WONODADI DISTRICT, BLITAR DISTRICT." Ebtida': Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam 2, no. 2 (2022): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33379/ebtida.v2i2.2058.

Full text

Abstract:

The results of the Analysis of Quality Report Cards in SD Negeri Jaten show that one of the low educational standards is the process standard. This is reinforced by the results of observations which show that some teachers at these schools do not yet have the ability to properly prepare activity-based lesson plans. For this reason, it is necessary to increase teacher competency in the implementation of active learning through peer tutors. This type of research is school action research. This research was conducted at SD Negeri Jaten in November 2021 with the research subjects being all SD Nege

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Taylor, P., S. Cox, G. Walker, D. Valentine, and P. Sheahan. "WaterML2.0: development of an open standard for hydrological time-series data exchange." Journal of Hydroinformatics 16, no. 2 (2013): 425–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.174.

Full text

Abstract:

The increasing global demand on freshwater is resulting in nations improving their terrestrial water monitoring and reporting systems to better understand the availability, and quality, of this valuable resource. A barrier to this is the inability for stakeholders to share information relating to water observations data: traditional hydrological information systems have relied on internal custom data formats to exchange data, leading to issues in data integration and exchange. Organisations are looking to information standards to assist in data exchange, integration and interpretation to lower

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hertzog, Albert, Claude Basdevant, and François Vial. "An Assessment of ECMWF and NCEP–NCAR Reanalyses in the Southern Hemisphere at the End of the Presatellite Era: Results from the EOLE Experiment (1971–72)." Monthly Weather Review 134, no. 11 (2006): 3367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3256.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article estimates the biases and standard deviations of the 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and the 50-yr National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) Reanalysis (NN50) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in 1971–72. These estimates are obtained by comparing the reanalyzed temperatures and winds with EOLE observations, a dataset collected during 480 superpressure-ballon flights in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Dedicated algorithms have been developped to control

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Chen, Fangyu, and Yongchang Wei. "Evolution of Enterprise Competitiveness in Multiplex Networks of Standards: A Case Study of the Communication Industry in China." Complexity 2020 (January 9, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7157248.

Full text

Abstract:

Competing to set industry standards is a strategic option to a variety of industries. This paper aims to investigate the role of standard drafting in the evolution of enterprises’ competitiveness in multiplex networks of standards. Specifically, network-based measurements are deliberately designed to evaluate the enterprises participation, contribution, and collaboration in drafting standards. By demonstrating the development of the standard system in China’s communication industry, the effectiveness of our measurement system is verified. Accompanied by empirical observation, the data analysis

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Arkhangel’skiy, Vladimir, Valeriy Yelizarov, and Natal’ya Dzhanayeva. "Evaluating Living Standards Of Families With Children: Analitical Capabilities of Research Studies Performed by Rosstat." Living Standards of the Population in the Regions of Russia 15, no. 1 (2019): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/1999-9836-2019-10055.

Full text

Abstract:

The article analyzes the possibilities of using data from various surveys conducted by Rosstat to assess the standard of living of families with children. It is important to focus both on objective parameters (primarily income) and on a subjective assessment (degree of income adequacy, satisfaction with living standards, etc.), which may be a more significant determinant of social well-being and behaviour in various spheres of life.The Object of the Study is families with children under the age of 18.The Subject of the Study is the standard of living of families with children under the age of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Anderson, Jeffrey L. "A Nonlinear Rank Regression Method for Ensemble Kalman Filter Data Assimilation." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 8 (2019): 2847–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-18-0448.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract It is possible to describe many variants of ensemble Kalman filters without loss of generality as the impact of a single observation on a single state variable. For most ensemble algorithms commonly applied to Earth system models, the computation of increments for the observation variable ensemble can be treated as a separate step from computing increments for the state variable ensemble. The state variable increments are normally computed from the observation increments by linear regression using the prior bivariate ensemble of the state and observation variable. Here, a new method t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Fleming, Geoffrey M., Richard B. Mink, Christoph Hornik, et al. "Developing a Tool to Assess Placement of Central Venous Catheters in Pediatrics Patients." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 8, no. 3 (2016): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-15-00365.1.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Pediatric critical care medicine requires the acquisition of procedural skills, but to date no criteria exist for assessing trainee competence in central venous catheter (CVC) insertion.Background The goal of this study was to create and demonstrate validity evidence for a direct observation tool for assessing CVC insertion.Objective Ten experts used the modified Delphi technique to create a 15-item direct observation tool to assess 5 scripted and filmed simulated scenarios of CVC placement. The scenarios were hosted on a dedicated website from March to May 2013, and respondents recru

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!