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Journal articles on the topic 'Step bench test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ashley, Candi D., Joe F. Smith, and Paul D. Reneau. "A Modified Step Test Based on a Function of Subjects' Stature." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 3 (1997): 987–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.3.987.

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A number of submaximal step tests have been developed to predict maximal aerobic capacity. Because step height may influence biomechanical efficiency and heart rate, step tests based on subjects' stature may more accurately predict maximal aerobic capacity. Eighteen women performed the Queens College step test and a modified Queens College step test. The modified step test was performed with the height of the bench set even with the height of the foot at a knee angle of 90°. Analysis of the data indicated a lower recovery heart rate following this test ( p<.05). Further, correlations betwee

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Dr., Baiju A. "EFFECT OF BENCH STEP TRAINING ON KICKING AMONG FOOTBALL STUDENTS." International Journal of Computational Research and Development (IJCRD) 1, no. 2 (2016): 158–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8287624.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of bench step training on kicking ability among football students. For the present study the 30 male football students from Mannaniya College of Arts and Science, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala were selected at random and their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. For the present study pre test – post test random group design which consists of control group and experimental group was used. The subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each. Group ‘A’ underwent bench step training only, group ‘B’ ha

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Li, Jian Hua, Chuan Xue Song, and Li Qiang Jin. "The Benchmarking of ESP Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Bench with Data from Real Vehicle." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.478.

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The development of ESP Hardware-In-the-Loop(HIL) test bench has brought great benefit to the development of ESP system and could shorten the development period. Therefore the accuracy of ESP HIL bench is crucial to the development of ESP system. The adjustment of vehicle parameters is an important section in the simulation model and it decides the accuracy of the bench to a great extent. The vehicle parameters from actual measurements are limited, so it is very difficult to obtain a high-accuracy simulation model. The article offers a way to solve this problem. With CANoe from Vector Corp., th

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Kuo, Yu-Chi, Dan-Yan Chang, and Yi-Hung Liao. "Twelve-Weeks of Bench-Step Exercise Training Ameliorates Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Mood State in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study." Medicina 57, no. 2 (2021): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020149.

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Background and objectives: Unhealthy, physically inactive lifestyles increase the risk of future cardiovascular events and impaired physical fitness in individuals with schizophrenia. Insufficient literature exists to provide fundamental information about appropriate exercise training modality for this population. This pilot study preliminarily investigated the effects of a 12-week moderate-intensity bench-step exercise training (BSET) program on cardiopulmonary fitness, mood state, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with schizophrenia completed this s

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Nie, Jincheng, Chuan He, Hao Kou, Fuhua Liu, and Wenbo Yang. "Research on Excavation Method for Soft Rock Tunnel Based on Stress Release Rate." Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020668.

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A test method for controlling the stress release rate of the tunnel by adjusting the confining pressure is proposed based on the engineering background of Dongmachang No. 1 Tunnel of Huali Expressway to explore a suitable excavation method of soft rock tunnel. Based on the relationship between stress release rate, displacement release rate, and longitudinal advance of excavation face, the model test of tunnel excavation is carried out. On this basis, combined with the horizontal loading test and field monitoring results, the influence of three excavation methods, the three-bench method, three-

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Guérin, Claude, Martin Cour, Neven Stevic, et al. "Simultaneous ventilation in the Covid-19 pandemic. A bench study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245578.

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COVID-19 pandemic sets the healthcare system to a shortage of ventilators. We aimed at assessing tidal volume (VT) delivery and air recirculation during expiration when one ventilator is divided into 2 test-lungs. The study was performed in a research laboratory in a medical ICU of a University hospital. An ICU (V500) and a lower-level ventilator (Elisée 350) were attached to two test-lungs (QuickLung) through a dedicated flow-splitter. A 50 mL/cmH2O Compliance (C) and 5 cmH2O/L/s Resistance (R) were set in both A and B test-lungs (A C50R5 / B C50R5, step1), A C50-R20 / B C20-R20 (step 2), A C

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Haryono, Ignatio Rika, Angela Tulaar, Herawati Sudoyo, et al. "COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF WALKING AND BENCH-STEP EXERCISE ON OSTEOCALCIN AND CTX-1 IN POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH OSTEOPENIA." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 20, no. 02 (2017): 1750012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957717500129.

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Purpose: Bench-step exercise produces biomechanical movements beneficial to improve bone remodeling. However, no studies have confirmed the effects of bench-step exercise (BE) on bone formation and resorption. The goal of this study is to compare the effects of bench-step and walking exercise (WE) on changes in osteocalcin and CTX-1 levels. Methods: Fifty-nine sedentary post-menopausal women with osteopenia (T-score between [Formula: see text]1 and [Formula: see text]2.5) were randomly divided into two groups: WE group ([Formula: see text]) and BE group ([Formula: see text]). Subjects performe

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Liu, Weijian, Shan Zeng, and Xuegeng Chen. "Vortex Cleaning Device for Rice Harvester: Design and Bench Test." Agriculture 14, no. 6 (2024): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14060866.

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To solve the problem of increased grain impurity rate and grain loss rate caused by clogging of sieve holes during the cleaning process of ratooning rice, a spiral step cleaning device was designed, which disturbed the flow field at the sieve holes through vortex in the slot and disrupted the force balance of the blockages at the sieve holes. The device mainly includes a cleaning separation core and a cleaning separation core shell. Firstly, the main parameters of the cleaning separation core were determined, and the critical shear airflow velocity was obtained through theoretical analysis. Th

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Dr., P. Mahendiran. "VARIED INTENSITIES OF BENCH STEP TRAINING ON BREATH HOLDING TIME OF COLLEGE MEN STUDENTS." International Journal of Computational Research and Development (IJCRD) 3, no. 1 (2018): 194–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3605074.

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The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of bench stepping exercise on selected physiological variable such as breath holding time. To achieve this purpose of the study, thirty male students studying in the Jawahar College of Arts and Sciences, Neyveli, were randomly selected as subjects and they were divided into three equal groups, each group consisted often subjects. Group I underwent bench stepping exercise for two days per week for eight weeks, Group II underwent bench stepping exercise for three days per week for eight weeks and Group III acted as control group who did not par

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Dörr, Matthias, Felix Leitenberger, Kai Wolter, Sven Matthiesen, and Thomas Gwosch. "Model-Based Control Design of an EHA Position Control Based on Multicriteria Optimization." Machines 10, no. 12 (2022): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10121190.

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For the control of dynamic systems such as an Electro-Hydraulic Actuator (EHA), there is a need to optimize the control based on simulations, since a prototype or a physical system is usually not available during system design. In consequence, no system identification can be performed. Therefore, it is unclear how well a simulation model of an EHA can be used for multicriteria optimization of the position control due to the uncertain model quality. To evaluate the suitability for control optimization, the EHA is modeled and parameterized as a grey-box model using existing parameters independen

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Agustina, Rismia. "Cardiorespiratory Endurance on College Student Smokers Using Harvard Step Test." Dunia Keperawatan: Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan 8, no. 1 (2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dk.v8i1.7565.

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Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify the score of Harvard Step Test as indicator of cardiorespiratory endurance on college student smokers. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. There were 40 samples who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling. The instruments of this study were questionnaire, metronome, stop watch, and 19 inches bench. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The results showed that 47,5% of subjects had poor level, 42,5% had average level, and 10% had good level of Harvard step test. On average

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Mi, Juncheng, Guoqin Huang, and Jin Yu. "Characterization and Joint Control Study of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021075.

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Physical dynamic characteristics and control studies were conducted for pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM), the core component of the drive of lower limb rehabilitation robots. Firstly, a static model and a dynamic model of the pneumatic artificial muscle were established. Then a test bench was designed to perform dynamic characteristic test simulations and experiments. After that, the pneumatic artificial muscle test bench was designed to simulate and test its dynamic characteristics. Finally, a typical PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) controller was built to perform control simulations

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Liao, Zeng-Cheng, Xian-Xu ‘Frank’ Bai, Yang Li, Xue-Cai Deng, and Jun Sun. "Design, modeling, and verification of a test bench for braking simulation of 1/4 vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 5 (2019): 1425–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019874961.

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Brake-by-wire systems are one of the key components in intelligent/unmanned vehicles that have attracted worldwide attention. Testing and evaluation of brake-by-wire systems are a significant step during the development of the technology of vehicular braking and further the advancement of intelligent/unmanned vehicles. Using the test bench to simulate different road adhesion coefficients (i.e. road surfaces) and to complete the testing and evaluation of the vehicle braking systems is of great significance and importance. A test bench for simulation of vehicular braking of 1/4 vehicle is presen

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Hartmann, Vitor Neves, Décio de Moura Rinaldi, Camila Taira, and Arturo Forner-Cordero. "Industrial Upper-Limb Exoskeleton Characterization: Paving the Way to New Standards for Benchmarking." Machines 9, no. 12 (2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9120362.

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Exoskeletons have been introduced in industrial environments to prevent overload or repetitive stress injuries in workers. However, due to the lack of public detailed information about most of the commercial exoskeletons, it is necessary to further assess their load capacity and evolution over time, as their performance may change with use. We present the design and construction of a controlled device to measure the torque of industrial exoskeletons, along with the results of static and dynamic testing of an exoskeleton model. A step motor in the test bench moves the exoskeleton arm in a pre-d

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15

Jacks, Dean, Justin B. Moore, Robert Topp, and Wendy S. Bibeau. "Prediction of VO2 Peak Using a Sub-maximal Bench Step Test in Children." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40, Supplement (2008): S418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000322780.29703.13.

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Wu, Zhibo, Bin Jiao, Chuanmeng Sun, Yanbing Zhang, and Heming Zhao. "Design and Optimization of Hydropneumatic Suspension Simulation Test Bench with Electro-Hydraulic Proportional Control." Machines 11, no. 9 (2023): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11090907.

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Available hydropneumatic suspension simulation test benches have insufficient loading accuracy and limited functionality rendering them unsuitable for performance testing of heavy vehicles with this type of suspension. Therefore, a multi-functional compound simulation test bench was designed that used an electro-hydraulic proportional control technique. A mathematical model was established to describe the hydraulic loading system, and the transfer function of the system was derived. The gain and phase margins confirmed the stability of the system. A simulation model was established in the Simu

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Burn, J., C. Reynard-Carette, M. Carette, et al. "Calibration of a Single-Cell Calorimeter in a New Transient-state Test Bench." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022504009.

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The nuclear radiation energy deposition rate is a key value for the thermal design of experiments, on materials and nuclear fuels, carried out in experimental channels of nuclear research reactors. Studies are led for two kinds of sensor currently dedicated to quantifying this value and corresponding to calorimeter. Development of new sensors but also improvement of their calibration and their associated interpretation methods are necessary. These aims are possible by many ways such as numerical simulations of sensor, characterizations under laboratory conditions and experimental campaign unde

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Costentin, Cyril, and Jean-Michel Savéant. "Ohmic drop correction in electrochemical techniques. Multiple potential step chronoamperometry at the test bench." Energy Storage Materials 24 (January 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2019.07.029.

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El hadraoui, Hicham, Ahmed Chebak, and Mourad Zegrari. "Design of a versatile diagnostic test bench of an electric vehicle’s powertrain for educational purpose using a Model-based system engineering." E3S Web of Conferences 336 (2022): 00058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233600058.

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With the rapid development of the sustained economy, the sales of electric vehicles are increasingly pressing, and today the maintenance has severely impeded the marketing and usage of electric vehicles. The maintenance procedure for electric vehicles is considered a critical process, tell its affect the security and availability directly with the passengers. Many of research efforts are still devoted to develop and innovate on electric traction systems diagnostic and prognostic. Furthermore, in high-quality education, especially engineering education, topics concerning the vital and actual co

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Santo, A. S., and L. A. Golding. "PREDICTION OF VO2MAX FROM A MODIFIED THREE MINUTE STEP TEST USING A HEIGHT ADJUSTED BENCH." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 31, Supplement (1999): S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199905001-00410.

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Lopes, Felipe A. S., Valéria L. G. Panissa, Ursula F. Julio, Elton M. Menegon, and Emerson Franchini. "The Effect of Active Recovery on Power Performance During the Bench Press Exercise." Journal of Human Kinetics 40, no. 1 (2014): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0018.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to verify the effect of active and passive recovery on blood lactate concentration and power performance. Twelve male subjects were submitted to a maximal strength test in the the bench press, a maximal aerobic test in the bench step, and to four sets of bench press exercise performed as fast and as long as possible, using 80% of maximal strength when active or passive recovery was performed. The maximum number of repetitions, mean and peak power in eccentric and concentric phases were computed and blood lactate concentration was measured. Comparisons f

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Ellis, M. Kathleen, and Lynn A. Darby. "The Effect of Balance on the Determination of Peak Oxygen Consumption for Hearing and Nonhearing Female Athletes." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 10, no. 3 (1993): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.10.3.216.

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This study compared balance and peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) among hearing, congenital nonhearing, and acquired nonhearing female intercollegiate athletes. Twenty-seven subjects completed two measures of peak VO2 and two measures of balance (static and dynamic). Two pieces of exercise equipment requiring different levels of balance were used: the bicycle ergometer (minimal balance) and the bench-step (maximal balance). Significant differences were found for dynamic balance and for peak VO2 for all subject groups. The significant difference remained among the groups for peak VO2 using the

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Jeffery, Sam, Willem Jordaan, Dirk Slabber, and Lourens Visagie. "Bench satellite development and testing." MATEC Web of Conferences 388 (2023): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338804004.

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This paper discusses the development of a satellite-like system to bridge the gap between satellite development and satellite flight missions. The solution takes the form of a bench satellite, BenchSat, that can emulate satellite capabilities and interactions in a controlled environment on the ground. BenchSat utilises surrounding facilities, particularly an air bearing facility and an existing ground station, to produce a realistic test environment for satellite development. The air bearing facility entails a cart with pressurised gas which pushes the cart on a flat surface, creating a low-fr

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Kopeikina, E. N., V. V. Drogomeretsky, V. L. Kondakov, M. V. Kovaleva, and S. S. Iermakov. "Modification of Harvard step-test for assessment of students’ with health problems functional potentials." Physical education of students 20, no. 4 (2016): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2016.0405.

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Purpose: to substantiate, work out and experimentally prove modified test for assessment of students’ with health problems functional potentials. Material: in the research students and girl students of 18-20 years’ age (n=522) participated. According to the worked out modification of test during 30 seconds student ascended on bench (h=43 cm) and descended from it. Then pulse was measured three times. In total the test took 4 minutes. Results: For working out the scale for interpretation of the received results we assessed new 30 seconds’ modification of Harvard step-test for validity. First, f

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D'Isanto, Tiziana, Francesca D'Elia, Sara Aliberti, Felice Di Domenico, and Giovanni Esposito. "Unified bench press through the elimination of leg-drive to promote sports inclusion." Physical Education of Students 27, no. 6 (2023): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2023.0603.

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Background and Study Aim. Among the weightlifting disciplines we find the bench press in Powerlifting and Para Powerlifting, which are very similar. They have never been combined for several reasons, the most important of which is the use of two different barbell lifting techniques. Unlike Para Powerlifting, Powerlifting in the bench press involves the use of leg-drive, i.e. leg thrust, which is considered one of the possible determining factors for the success of this exercise. The aim of the study was to test whether the elimination of the leg-drive technique in Powerlifting, followed by a p

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Vignati, Michele, Nicola Debattisti, Maria Laura Bacci, and Davide Tarsitano. "A Software-in-the-Loop Simulation of Vehicle Control Unit Algorithms for a Driverless Railway Vehicle." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (2021): 6730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156730.

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The realization of the first prototype of a vehicle requires several tests of the algorithms implemented on the electronic control unit (ECU). This represents an important step for conventional vehicles, which becomes fundamental when dealing with unmanned vehicles. Since there is no human supervision, most critical tasks are handled by the control unit, which results in higher complexity for the control algorithms. In this work, a software-in-the-loop (SiL) test bench is used to validate the control algorithms of a vehicle control unit (VCU) for a driverless railway vehicle (DLRV). The VCU ma

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Albrecht, Fabian, Clemens Zimmerling, Christian Poppe, Luise Kärger, and Frank Henning. "Development of a Modular Draping Test Bench for Analysis of Infiltrated Woven Fabrics in Wet Compression Molding." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.35.

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The wet compression molding (WCM) process enables short cycle times for production of fiber-reinforced plastics due to simultaneous infiltration, viscous draping and consolidation in one process step. This requires a comprehensive knowledge of occurring mutual dependencies in particular for the development of process simulation methods and for process optimization. In this context, it is necessary to develop suitable test benches to enable an evaluation of the outlined viscous draping behavior. In order to evaluate and suitably design the draping process, grippers are mounted on a surrounding

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Fischbacher, Bernhard, Bernhard Lechner, and Bernhard Brandstätter. "Ammonia Distribution Measurement on a Hot Gas Test Bench Applying Tomographical Optical Methods." Sensors 19, no. 4 (2019): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040896.

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Measuring the distribution of gas concentration is a very common problem in a variety of technological fields. Depending on the detectability of the gas, as well as the technological progress of the sector, different methods are used. In this paper, we present a device and methods to detect the ammonia concentration distribution in the exhaust system of diesel engines in order to increase the performance of the exhaust aftertreatment system. The device has been designed for usage on a hot gas test bench simulating exhaust gas conditions. It consists of multiple optical beams measuring ammonia

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Ettahi, Khadija, Meriem Chaanaoui, Vaudreuil Sébastien, Souad Abderafi, and Tijani Bounahmidi. "Modeling and Design of a Solar Rotary Dryer Bench Test for Phosphate Sludge." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2022 (January 27, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5574242.

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As an eco-friendlier way to manage mining waste, the use of solar energy to dry phosphate sludge in a rotary dryer is envisioned. As a first step toward this end, a design study for a bench-scale rotary dryer for phosphate sludge is detailed, using a one-dimensional mathematical model developed for this task. Using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, a steady-state transport phenomena model was developed that enables an estimation of the moisture and temperature profiles for both gas and product in the dryer. A sensitivity analysis evaluated the effects and influence of different g

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Serov, S. I., D. I. Naradovyj, and I. P. Troyanovskaya. "Testing of the protective device ROPS of the industrial tractor B10." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 85, no. 3 (2018): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66413.

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According to the requirements of the technical regulations, all protective devices of tractor units are subject to obligatory certification. One of the main protection frame of the operator when overturning is the ROPS system. According to the requirements of State standard (GOST), the test for a compliance with protective structures ROPS should be carried out on the basis of full-scale tests. The aim of the investigation was to develop the experimental procedure and to obtain the result of the assessment of the compliance with the safety requirements of the ROPS safety device of the bulldozer

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Luo, Zhuojun, Mengling Wu, and Jianyong Zuo. "Sliding mode pressure controller for an electropneumatic brake: Part II—parameter identification and controller tests." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 232, no. 5 (2018): 583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818763856.

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In this article, the parameters of the sliding mode pressure controller proposed in part I of this article are identified using direct and indirect methods. A test bench, including hardware and software, is designed to test the performance of the controller. Step response tests are carried out to test controller transient and steady-state control performances. Pressure tracking tests, in which the pressure in the brake cylinder chamber is required to track sinusoidal reference signals, are carried out to test the magnitude and phase frequency characteristics of the closed-loop system. The test

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SCHNEIDER, STEFFEN. "WALL SLIP EFFECTS MEASURING THE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL (ER) SUSPENSIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 26, no. 01 (2012): 1250006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979211102150.

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In this work, a new method to determine the wall shear stress was developed step by step. To determine the wall shear stress, methods of the suspension rheology are being used for the first time to characterize ER fluids. This work focuses on investigations of the flow behavior of electrorheological suspensions in flow channels with different geometries at different electrical field strengths. Careful interpretation of the results with respect to different gap geometries has shown that the measured flow curves should undergo a combination of corrections. As a result it can be shown that wall s

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Marques, Mário, Francisco Saavedra, Catarina Abrantes, and Felipe Aidar. "Associations Between Rate of Force Development Metrics and Throwing Velocity in Elite Team Handball Players: a Short Research Report." Journal of Human Kinetics 29A, Special-Issue (2011): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-011-0059-0.

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Associations Between Rate of Force Development Metrics and Throwing Velocity in Elite Team Handball Players: a Short Research ReportPerformance assessment has become an invaluable component of monitoring participant's development in distinct sports, yet limited and contradictory data are available in trained subjects. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ball throwing velocity during a 3-step running throw in elite team handball players and selected measures of rate of force development like force, power, velocity, and bar displacement during a concentric only benc

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Han, Bin-Hui, Da-Gang Sun, Zhan-Long Li, Yong Song, and Jian-Guang Zhang. "Finite Element Method for Dynamic Response in Enclosed Gear-Driven System." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010141.

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The theoretical solving of dynamic analysis on the enclosed gear-driven system is complicated, and only the surface vibration data can be tested in the experiment. In view of this, 3D modeling is carried out on a given secondary planet reducer to create a finite element model and perform finite element modal analysis. the modal test, the correctness of the simulation is verified. Also, ANSYS transient dynamics analysis (Full) is utilized and nonlinear factors (, time-varying mesh stiffness, composite mesh error, gear backlash, and damping ratio .) are taken into account to make a comparison be

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Filo, Grzegorz, Mariusz Domagała, Paweł Lempa, Joanna Fabiś-Domagała, Dominik Kwiatkowski, and Hassan Momeni. "Quality Improvement of a Safety Valve with the Use of Numerical and Experimental Studies." Quality Production Improvement - QPI 1, no. 1 (2019): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cqpi-2019-0051.

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Abstract This article presents results of numerical modelling, simulation and test bench experiments of a hydraulic direct-acting relief valve was used as a safety valve. The analyzed safety valve was placed in a system consisting of a fixed-speed pump, a control valve, a hydraulic cylinder as an actuator and a second pressure valve in the load line used as a payload generator for the cylinder. In the first step mathematical model of the system was formulated in the form of a system of ordinary differential equations. Next, simulation model was created in Matlab/Simulink. Simulations were carr

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Rebaud, J., A. Volte, M. Carette, et al. "Characterization of calorimeter responses under laboratory conditions thanks to an optimized transient thermal test bench." EPJ Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 04017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125304017.

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This paper presents an experimental study of the calibration of a non-adiabatic single-cell calorimeter called KAROLINA. This type of sensor is used to quantify the nuclear heating rate inside MTRs (Material Testing Reactors). The calibration of this sensor type is carried out in laboratory conditions without irradiation. The calibration corresponds to a preliminary step, which is crucial to use this sensor in real conditions. In the case of the studied single-cell calorimeter owning no heating element, the calibration is realized with a specific test bench, called BERTAN, based on thermal tra

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Sha, Wei, Chao Fang, and Yu Niu. "Successful application of optical bench in Taiji-1 laser interferometer." International Journal of Modern Physics A 36, no. 11n12 (2021): 2140001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x21400017.

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As an important part of laser interferometry system, optical bench is one of the core technologies for the detection of spaceborne gravitational waves. As the first step of the space Taiji program, Taiji-1 provides the measurement accuracy of laser interferometry system better than 100 pm/Hz[Formula: see text](@10 mHz–1 Hz). Taiji-1 is required to be able to track the motion of test mass in inertial sensor. According to the requirements, four interfering optical paths were designed. By adopting an integrated satellite design and selecting the optical and mechanical materials with low linear ex

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Septiasari, Erda Ayu, and Sumaryanti Sumaryanti. "Pengembangan tes kebugaran jasmani untuk anak tunanetra menggunakan modifikasi harvard step test tingkat sekolah dasar." Jurnal Pedagogi Olahraga dan Kesehatan 3, no. 1 (2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpok.v3i1.18003.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah tes kebugaran jasmani berupa bangku modifikasi Harvard step test yang sesuai dengan karakteristik anak tunanetra tingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD). Penelitian ini menggunakan research and development. Validasi ahli dilakukan oleh tiga pakar yaitu: pakar pendidikan adaptif, pakar tes pengukuran dan pakar konstruksi bangku. Ujicoba lapangan dilakukan terhadap dua sekolah SLB yang ada di DIY. Ujicoba skala kecil dilakukan pada empat siswa tunanetra SLB N 1 Bantul. Ujicoba skala besar dilakukan pada sepuluh siswa SLB A Yaketunis. Uji validitas dan reliab

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Breitinger, Jonas, Mark Hellmann, Helerson Kemmer, and Stephan Kabelac. "Automotive Fuel Cell Systems: Testing Highly Dynamic Scenarios." Energies 16, no. 2 (2023): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020664.

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PEM fuel cell systems face highly dynamic load profiles in automotive application. This work showcases the impact of media supply adaption, system architecture and test rig restrictions on the transient voltage response of an automotive fuel cell stack. Current step and load profile experiments were conducted on a system test rig, featuring automotive balance of plant components, and a short stack test bench. A time scale analysis allowed us to identify the predominant effect for the voltage response in each test case. The voltage response measured in the test cases was dominated either by air

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Frehn, Anica, Jens Sdun, Rayk Grune, and Antonello Monti. "Validation of Wind Turbine Models Based on Test Bench Measurements: A System for Theoretical Representation of the Grid Replica." Wind 3, no. 3 (2023): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wind3030018.

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In recent years, nacelle test benches for wind turbines have been developed internationally. New standards are currently being developed that explicitly refer to the measurement of the electrical properties of wind turbines on these test benches. Thus, they are suitable for measuring the electrical properties required for certification. Another part of the certification is the creation and validation of suitable models of the wind turbine, which are used for stability analyses of the utility grid. Validation requires a suitable model of grid replication on the test benches, which is not yet co

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Marques, Mário C., Roland van den Tillaar, Jason D. Vescovi, and Juan José González-Badillo. "Relationship Between Throwing Velocity, Muscle Power, and Bar Velocity During Bench Press in Elite Handball Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 2, no. 4 (2007): 414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2.4.414.

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ball-throwing velocity during a 3-step running throw and dynamic strength, power, and bar velocity during a concentric-only bench-press exercise in team-handball players.Methods:Fourteen elite senior male team-handball players volunteered to participate. Each volunteer had power and bar velocity measured during a concentric-only bench-press test with 26, 36, and 46 kg, as well as having 1-repetition-maximum (1-RMBP) strength determined. Ball-throwing velocity was evaluated with a standard 3-step running throw using a rad

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Harkemanne, Etienne, Olivier Berten, and Patrick Hendrick. "Analysis and Testing of Debris Monitoring Sensors for Aircraft Lubrication Systems." Proceedings 2, no. 8 (2018): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/icem18-05360.

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In an aircraft engine, some pieces are describing a rotating movement. These parts are in contact with rotating and non-rotating parts through the bearings and gears. The different contact patches are lubricated with oil. During the lifetime of the engine, mechanical wear is produced between the contacts. This wear of the bearings and gears will produce some debris in the oil circuit of the engine. To ensure the effective operation of the aircraft engines, the debris monitoring sensors play a significant role. They detect and collect the debris in the oil. The analysis of the debris can give a

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Liu, Weijian, Shan Zeng, and Zhandong Wu. "Parameter Optimization of Spiral Step Cleaning Device for Ratooning Rice Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method Coupling." Agriculture 14, no. 12 (2024): 2141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122141.

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Ratooning rice plants have a high moisture content and strong adhesion during harvesting. Traditional cleaning devices are prone to clogging when processing ratooning rice, resulting in a series of problems such as high grain loss rate and high grain impurity rate. In response to the above issues, this article adopts the CFD-DEM coupling method to design a spiral step cleaning device. A detailed analysis was conducted on the influence of the cone angle and thickness of the spiral-stepped skeletons on the flow state, and flow velocity and pressure distribution cloud maps were obtained under dif

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Tripkewitz, F. A., M. Fritz, and M. Weigold. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TILTING STIFFNESS OF OIL HYDROSTATIC SHALLOW RECESS THRUST BEARINGS." MM Science Journal 2021, no. 5 (2021): 5000–5007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2021_11_2021141.

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Circular shallow recess bearings generate a not rotationally symmetrical pressure profile if they are not aligned parallel. The throttling effect of the shallow recess makes this response possible. Furthermore, the generated pressure profile acts against the tilting. As a result, a shallow recess bearing generates a tilting stiffness. This article outlines an experimental approach to characterize the tilting stiffness of an oil hydrostatic shallow recess thrust bearing with micro step and gap height. For this purpose, we developed a small test bench. The measured tilting stiffnesses are compar

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Iliev, Georgi, and Hristo Hristov. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN AN ELECTROPNEUMATIC POSITIONING SYSTEM WITH HIGH SPEED VALVES AND PWM." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGY. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 4 (June 8, 2025): 117–22. https://doi.org/10.17770/etr2025vol4.8430.

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This paper presents a demonstration experimental test bench for investigating the dynamic characteristics of an electropneumatic positioning system with High Speed Pneumatic Valves (HSPV) and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control. A specialized virtual instrument has been developed for real-time control, data acquisition, and processing. The transient response of the electropneumatic positioning system is examined under various single-step input signals with frequencies ranging from 30 Hz to 70 Hz and varying duty cycles from 30% to 90%. The results are presented graphically, demonstrating that

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Degallaix, Gérard, Philippe Dufrénoy, Jonathan Wong, Paul Wicker, and Frédéric Bumbieler. "Failure Mechanisms of TGV Brake Discs." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 697–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.697.

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The CRISFIS project (supported by ADEME agency) consists in jointly studying the squealing and cracking aspects of the high power disc brakes for TGV very high speed trains. This paper deals with the progress concerning the cracking part. An experimental and modelling strategy is adopted in order to better understand and predict brake disc cracking. Braking tests conducted on an industrial scale-one test bench are presented. In a first step, the influence of the pad-type on the thermal loading applied to the disc is studied by means of an infrared camera and thermocouples embedded in the pads

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Jakovljevic, Djordje, Sarah J. Charman, Nduka C. Okwose, et al. "Reproducibility of a simple cardiac output response to stress test to diagnose and monitor heart failure in a primary care setting." British Journal of General Practice 68, suppl 1 (2018): bjgp18X697109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18x697109.

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BackgroundWe developed a simple non-invasive Cardiac Output Response to Stress (CORS) Test to improve diagnosis and monitoring of heart failure in primary care.AimThe aim of the present study was to assess test-retest reproducibility of the CORS test.MethodThirty-two healthy volunteers (age, 64±10, female n=18) were recruited. Cardiac output was measured continuously using bioreactance method in supine and standing position, and during a two 3-min stages of a step-exercise protocol (10 and 15 steps per minute) using a 15-cm height bench. The CORS test was performed twice i.e. Test 1 and Test 2

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Mello, Domenico, Francesco Cordiano, Andrea Gerosa, et al. "In-Line Monitor Introduction to Prevent Metallic Contamination in Wet Bench." Solid State Phenomena 108-109 (December 2005): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.108-109.637.

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Contamination controls are very important issues in microelectronics. Any wrong substance introduction in process chambers can cause damages to the production line. Therefore, an extensive control is important because every operation in the process flow (also the most insignificant) can become fatal for the correct functioning of a microelectronic device. The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of small metallic contamination in the range of 1011÷1012 at/cm2 on silicon substrates implanted with different ion species (As, B and P). An important example of failure related to metallic cont

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Vartak, Himani, Khyati Kothary, and Shweta Manwadkar. "Aerobic Capacity with the Use of N95 Mask vs Cloth Mask in Normal Healthy Individuals using YMCA 3-Minute Bench Step Test: A Crossover Observational Study." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 9 (2023): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230934.

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Background: COVID-19 outbreak has led to severe restrictions and to minimize the risk of infection, wearing facemasks is recommended in public areas and can be problem while performing exercises, causing inconvenience for people. The studies done till now require space, equipments and are costly but no study has been conducted on step test which requires less space and is inexpensive. Hence, it is yet to be investigated whether there is any effect on Aerobic Capacity and Cardiorespiratory parameters of an individual after wearing N95 and Cloth mask. Aim: This study was conducted to compare Aer

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Pop, Florina, Valer Dolga, and Cristian Pop. "Analysis of the Trajectory Shape Described by a Robotic Leg during a Walking Sequence." Applied Mechanics and Materials 658 (October 2014): 684–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.684.

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An experimental test bench is proposed in order to analyze the trajectory shape described by the termination of the Jansen’s type of leg mechanism during a walking sequence. A prototype of a walking robot based upon Jansen walking mechanism is constructed for this purpose. A marker is placed at the end of the leg and a CCD camera recorded the trajectory shape described by the leg driven by a DC motor through a crank. The results are interpreted with the help of a program based on image processing created for determining the length and the height of the step during walking after studying the tr

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