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1
Oppewal, H., H. J. P. Timmermans, and J. J. Louviere. "Modelling the Effects of Shopping Centre Size and Store Variety on Consumer Choice Behaviour." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 6 (June 1997): 1073–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a291073.
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In this paper it is argued that models of consumer choice of shopping destination have included few attributes related to the selection of stores available in a shopping centre. The authors seek to develop and illustrate empirically a way to define the selection of stores in shopping centres, such that effects of various modifications to the available selection can be modelled by conjoint analysis (or stated preference of decompositional choice) methods. Profiles of hypothetical shopping centres are developed that describe the total size of centres as well as the marketing mix positionings of the individual stores within these centres. The approach is implemented in choice experiments, one on food shopping and one on shopping for clothing and shoes. Logit models are estimated and compared for these two product categories and for large versus small centres.
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Teller, Christoph, and Andrew Alexander. "Store managers – the seismographs in shopping centres." European Journal of Marketing 48, no. 11/12 (November 4, 2014): 2127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2013-0072.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate the link between store managers’ evaluation of how customers assess a shopping centre and their own evaluation of the centre and, based on that, the relevance of store managers in reflecting on and informing the management and marketing practices of the local shopping centre management. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual model is developed based on the network and boundary-spanning theories. The model is tested using a Web-based survey of 217 managers, representing stores located in shopping malls, and by applying covariance-based structural equation modelling. Findings – The study reveals store managers to be engaging in a significant information-processing pathway, from customers’ evaluation of the shopping centre (as perceived by the store manager) to their own evaluation of the centre in terms of managerial satisfaction and loyalty. Research limitations/implications – The empirical study focuses exclusively on shopping malls and thus does not consider other shopping centre forms such as town centres and retail parks. Practical implications – This paper concludes that store managers have the potential to be informational boundary spanners and, thus, valuable resources to inform and give feedback to shopping centre management. Originality/value – The contribution of this paper is to provide a more complete understanding of the role of the store manager as an integral actor in the shopping centre in terms of informational boundary spanning between the retail organisation, the customers and local shopping centre management.
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Wrigley, Neil, Steve Wood, Dionysia Lambiri, and Michelle Lowe. "Corporate convenience store development effects in small towns: Convenience culture during economic and digital storms." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 1 (September 11, 2018): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18796507.
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The impact of the global economic crisis, together with the ‘digital’ storm of unrelenting growth in online retail and its complex substitution and modification effects, had significant implications for UK town centres and high streets. Dramatically increased vacancy rates within town centres have focused policy debate on the drivers of town centres’ vitality and viability in the context of profound technological and consumer culture shifts. As consumers turned away from ‘big basket’ one-stop weekly shops at large out-of-centre stores and began shopping ‘little and often’ using a fragmented range of alternatives, the convenience store sector, significantly altered by corporate entry, grew rapidly. However, there is surprisingly little empirical evidence on the impacts of these new-generation corporate convenience stores on town centres and communities. This paper helps fill that gap by reporting the findings of a study of five small towns in southern England. Drawing on evidence from surveys of over 1500 consumers and 200 traders, we show that despite their modest size, these stores have rapidly assumed significant and little-documented trip generation and ‘anchor’ roles essential to the sustainability of the centres. Moreover, they have facilitated trends towards ‘relocalization’ of food shopping, reduction in car dependency and higher than expected levels of linked trips. In this paper, we draw out the significance of those findings and position them within wider conceptual and policy debates. We also stress the spatially and temporally contingent nature of the findings within a dynamic technological and regulatory context.
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Szymańska, Anna Irena, and Monika Płaziak. "Consumer preferences and behaviour in shopping malls in Poland with the particular reference to Krakow." Urban Development Issues 55, no. 3 (May 22, 2018): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/udi-2018-0003.
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Abstract Large shopping centres have become an important element of the urban landscape and a major competitor with other forms of retail sale. Their large offer, including a wide variety of products and services, special offers and tasting campaigns, large car parks, and own-brand fuel stations as well as various services points located in shopping centres successfully win customers. The present study focuses on Polish shopping centres (malls), particularly those located in Krakow. A shopping centre (mall) is defined as “a commercial property designed, constructed and managed as a single business entity, comprising stores/shops and common areas, with a minimum leasable area of 5 thousand m2 (GLA) and accommodating at least 10 stores/shops”. The purpose of this paper is to examine the behaviour of prospective customers of shopping centres, their preferences when selecting their shopping locations, and declarations on the use of additional functions offered by commercial and services enterprises. Furthermore, the paper identifies non-commercial functions of shopping malls of particular interest to prospective customers. The paper also presents a profile of a consumer who has a preference for shopping and spending their free time in malls. The conclusions are based on literature on the subject and the findings of a survey conducted by the authors of the paper. A questionnaire was used as a research tool. The survey covered 1756 respondents – mainly residents of Krakow. In order to broaden the scope of the conclusions, the results of surveys and studies of other authors were also used.
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Jones, Colin, and Nicola Livingstone. "Emerging implications of online retailing for real estate." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 17, no. 3 (September 14, 2015): 226–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-12-2014-0033.
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Purpose – This paper aims to initially explore the effects of online retailing on corporate real estate strategies today, examining current trends and the approaches of leading edge retailers in this evolving marketplace. The UK has the greatest proportion of online sales worldwide. Design/methodology/approach – Context is provided through existing literature, and the methodology considers specific case studies. Information from financial reports, websites and evidence directly from retailers is derived to examine selected sectoral responses (food shopping, fashion retailing and department stores) to online shopping. The research considers the interface between the virtual and physical retail landscapes. Findings – The Internet is undeniably driving change, and large retailers have responded by embracing multi-channel sales strategies in which the adapted physical store remains a central element. Research limitations/implications – The case studies are arguably limited in their market assessment by examining only large retailers, but it is these retailers who occupy much of the real estate space in shopping centres. Data on Internet sales and retail space of individual retailers are not publicly available. This paper offers a qualitative introduction into ongoing research on the evolution of Internet retailing today. Practical implications – For large retailers, a multi-channel corporate sales strategy is enhanced by physical stores that can act as showrooms and collection points and enhance consumer service. Multiple retailers have a competitive advantage in the form of store networks and a recognisable brand that they can exploit to capture the sales opportunities the Internet offers. Originality/value – The paper is the first to collate and analyse corporate real estate strategic responses to online retailing.
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Simona Damian, Diana, José Dias Curto, and José Castro Pinto. "The impact of anchor stores on the performance of shopping centres: the case of Sonae Sierra." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 39, no. 6 (May 10, 2011): 456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590551111137994.
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Micu, Cosmin Bogdan. "Introduction in the Shopping Centre Sector from Romania - a Brief Inventory of the 24 Biggest Cities - as of July 2017." Marketing – from Information to Decision Journal 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/midj-2018-0002.
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Abstract First years of specialised retail (in terms of department stores or shopping centres) either that we discuss of the period before the communist regime or that during the regime period itself it is a reality that both benefit from few relevant evidences. As a parallel to those times, the time frame starting from 1990, is the one that provides us with many more details, and like this allowing us to develop an accurate portrait of those retail days. The objectives of the current study is to identify the GLA distribution in the panel of the evaluated cities (as in comparison to the Activ Property Services - APS study) and starting from here to illustrate the existing retail agglomeration in those 24 major cities of Romania. The work behind the proposed paper implied a market research using personal expertise for this field, internet resources, retail magazines, specialised retail agency studies so that to be able to point out, as accurately as possible, all relevant information related to the retail field of activity. Among the conclusions that this study provides, starting with the analysis of the existing shopping centre stock (in the major cities of Romania) and comparing these results with those from the research conducted by APS, in 2017, we find out that more than 77% of the entire GLA of this retail sector is located in those 24 major cities analysed in the current study.
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Kollarova, Daniela. "Globalisation and its impact on the creation of sustainable points of purchase." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207404011.
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In the second half of the 1990s, important global traders began to come to the Slovak market, changing the functional layout of the towns and cities by building large-scale stores, bringing new formats and forms of selling to retails, as well as thoughtful external and internal shop designs. More than twenty years have passed since then, however, internationalmarketers continue to shape the Slovak retail market, this time through a sustainable architecture of shops and logistics centres, responsible product assortments, reduced food waste, separating and reducing paper or plastic packaging and batteries, changing the employees´ clothing for garments from organic cottons, and so on. They have namely realized that the environment is more affected than protected as a result of globalization, and it is therefore necessary to take measures to protect the natural world with regard to permanently sustainable principles. The object of our research is the shopping setting in retail stores of selected worldwide retail chains operating in Slovakia, i.e. all elements of the retail shop and its operation (its design, layout, goods presentation, staff and customers), in the context of sustainability. We are looking for answers to the questions of which selected global retail chain stores working in Slovakia and by implementing of which specific measures they build sustainable points of sale. In the process of elaborating the paper we used as sources of information relevant publications, proceedings of scholarly papers, as well as studies available at the Internet sites of specialized journals. At elaborating the sources, we applied standard scientific methods: researching, description, analysis, and deduction.
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Lachininsky, Stanislav, and Ivan Sorokin. "Spatial structure and development of settlements in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration." Baltic Region 13, no. 1 (2021): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-1-3.
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This article explores the spatial structure and development of settlements comprising the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. Previous studies and database sources, which were never used before (the Federal Tax Service [FTS] database and SPARK-Interfax), are analysed to reveal factors in the economic development of metropolitan areas as well as to understand how settlements develop in Russia’s second-largest city agglomeration. The borders and composition of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration are brought up to date. Examining the population size of the settlements helps locate the ‘growth belt’ of the agglomeration. Lists of major enterprises of the city and the region make it possible to identify patterns in the economic development of the study area. The SPARK-Interfax database aids in clarifying relationships between spatial elements of the agglomeration (its core and satellites) in the distribution of revenues of economic agents. Data on the location of the largest retail stores — shopping malls and hypermarkets — are used to identify the main centres of commerce in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. A map chart has been drawn using 2GIS and Yandex Maps geoinformation services. An important step in agglomeration analysis is the identification of residential development hotspots. FTS data on property tax base are the main source of relevant information. FTS reports contain data on the number of residential buildings and units covered by the database. Further, FTS statistics is employed to trace income and job distribution across the study area. The current functions of settlement in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration have been determined. According to the findings, the spatial structure of the agglomeration has three groups of ‘backbone centres’. The agglomeration includes a core, a population growth area (‘growth belt’), commuting sources and recipients, and ‘backbone centres’.
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Gavish, Iris, Yossi Gavish, and Aviv Shoham. "A Multi-Dimensional Model of Israeli Travelers’ Experience in Duty-Free Stores." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.85.10076.
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Travelers’ duty-free shopping represents an under-researched consumption behavior with far reaching management and marketing implications. This study explores the extent to which three surface personality traits (impulsiveness, shopping involvement, and escapism) mediated by store atmosphere, store temptation, and shopping enjoyment, lead to buying in duty-free stores. A convenience sample of 163 Israeli adults in Israel’s Ben-Gurion International airport was used. A SEM-PLS model was used to analyze the relationships among the model’s constructs. The model supports the positive impacts of traits impulsiveness, shopping involvement, and escapism on buying behavior in duty-free stores, mediated by store atmosphere and store temptation (shopping enjoyment only affecting store temptation). A post-hoc analysis showed a positive relationship between store atmosphere and store temptation. This paper contributes to the literature by developing and testing an integrative model with important implications for tourism and hospitality industries. Deriving from the findings of this study, it behooves managers of stores and centers to promote the environmental sustainability aspects of the products sold in these stores.
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Dubowitz, Tamara, Dolores Acevedo-Garcia, Judy Salkeld, Ana Cristina Lindsay, SV Subramanian, and Karen E. Peterson. "Lifecourse, immigrant status and acculturation in food purchasing and preparation among low-income mothers." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 4 (April 2007): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007334058.
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AbstractObjectivesThis study investigates how lifecourse, immigrant status and acculturation, and neighbourhood of residence influence food purchasing and preparation among low-income women with children, living in the USA. This research sought to understand physical and economic access to food, from both ‘individual’ and ‘community’ perspectives.DesignThis study used qualitative methodology (focus groups) to examine the mechanisms and pathways of food preparation and purchasing within the context of daily life activity for US- and foreign-born women, living in the USA. The study methodology analysed notes and verbatim transcripts, summarised recurring responses and identified new themes in the discussions.Setting and subjectsA total of 44 women were purposively sampled from two metropolitan areas in Massachusetts, USA, based on (1) neighbourhood of residence and (2) primary language spoken. All focus groups were conducted in community health centres and community centres co-located with offices of the special supplemental nutritional programme for Women, Infants, and Children.ResultsAnalysis of key response themes suggested that scarcity of food and physical access to food purchasing points did not influence food purchasing and preparation as much as (1) limited time for food shopping, cooking and family activities; and (2) challenges in transportation to stores and childcare. The study results demonstrated differing attitudes toward food acquisition and preparation between immigrant and US-born women and between women who lived in two metropolitan areas in the western and eastern regions of the state of Massachusetts, USA.ConclusionsThe findings illustrate ‘hidden’ constraints that need to be captured in measures of physical and economic access and availability of food. US policies and programmes that aim to improve access, availability and diet quality would benefit from considering the social context of food preparation and purchasing, and the residential environments of low-income women and families.
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Turhan, Gulden. "Building Store Satisfaction Centred on Customer Retention in Clothing Retailing." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 3, no. 1 (January 15, 2015): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v3i1.89.
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The study’s research model suggests that store design and ease of shopping are associated with customer retention through a mediated pathway in which store design and ease of shopping influence perceived store satisfaction, which in turn, influences customer retention. This survey was administered to two separate clothing stores offered to either females or males (in total, 533 participants). Using structural equation modelling methodology, data was analysed to explain the interrelations among the variables in the model. The results of an empirical study of a sample of store shoppers revealed that store design and ease of shopping influence customer retention in an indirect way through customer perception of satisfaction with the store. In building store satisfaction that is centred on customer retention, store design and shopping ease differ in their relative influences. This difference is high for females, but for men as low as to be considered negligible in males. As a result, improving customers’ perceptions of store design and ease of shopping is a way to ensure store satisfaction support customer retention. The results of the study provide a new insight into the relationships by suggesting indirect effects of shopping ease and store design on consumer retention by their impacts on store satisfaction, rather than direct effects.
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Wieland, Thomas. "Spatial Shopping Behavior in a Multi-Channel Environment: A Discrete Choice Model Approach." REGION 8, no. 2 (August 4, 2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v8i2.361.
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Spatial impacts of online shopping are discussed frequently in retail geography. Here, online shopping is mostly regarded as a central driver of competition for physical retailing and its locations, such as town centers or malls. Due to its high popularity, cross-channel shopping is sometimes considered to be a support for physical retailing. However, traditional retail location theory does not consider shopping channels other than in-store shopping. Furthermore, although online shopping is far too important to be neglected in examining consumer spatial shopping behavior, there is an obvious lack in the previous literature towards incorporating multi- and cross-channel shopping into store choice models. The present study aims to identify the main drivers of store choice on the basis that both in-store and online shopping alternatives are available, as well as the opportunity for cross-channel shopping. Taking into account previous literature on both physical store choice and multi-channel shopping, hypotheses on the impact of different shopping transaction costs (such as travel time, delivery charges, or uncertainty with respect to the stores' assortment) were derived. Based on a representative consumer survey, real past shopping decisions in three retail sectors (groceries, consumer electronics [CE], and furniture) were collected. The econometric analysis of empirical store choices was performed using a nested logit model which includes both physical and online stores. The results confirm several assumptions of classical retail location theory as well as previous findings from single-firm studies and stated choice experiments on multi-channel shopping behavior. Travel time to physical stores reduces consumer utility and store choice probability, respectively. Consumer sensitivity towards travel time decreases with decreasing purchase frequency of the desired goods. Delivery charges also decrease the likelihood of choosing a store. The impact of cross-channel integration on store choice (assuming the reduction of consumer transaction costs) is considerably lower than expected and differs between retail sectors. While furniture retailers profit from enabling cross-channel shopping, there is no such competitive advantage found for grocery and CE retailers. The positive effect of assortment on condition of diminishing marginal utility is confirmed for grocery stores and CE stores, but not for furniture stores. From a theoretical perspective, this study shows that multi- and cross-channel shopping behavior does not contradict the main thoughts of classical retail location theory. From a practical perspective, the study is a contribution as store choice models play a significant role in both business location planning and governmental land use planning.
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Weltevreden, Jesse W. J., and Ton van Rietbergen. "The Implications of E-Shopping for in-Store Shopping at Various Shopping Locations in the Netherlands." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 36, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b34011t.
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Thus far, the empirical literature on the impact of e-shopping on in-store shopping has paid scant attention to the implications of e-shopping for shopping centres. Using a nationwide sample of 3000 Dutch e-shoppers we provide more insight into this topic. Results indicate that city centres are most likely to face the substitution of e-shopping for in-store shopping, followed by city district centres. Surprisingly, village centres are less affected by e-shopping than city centres. Moreover, for neighbourhood and convenience centres the adverse effects of e-shopping are small. The probability of substituting e-shopping for in-store shopping at particular shopping locations is largely influenced by the extent to which people shop online, as well as personal and geographical factors.
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Brito, Pedro Quelhas, Peter J. McGoldrick, and Umesh Ramchandra Raut. "Shopping Centre Patronage: Situational Factors Against Affect." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 23, no. 2 (May 9, 2019): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972262919844619.
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The objective of this study is to understand to what extent hedonic and utilitarian consumer profiles are affected by situational factors and how in turn they impact shopping centre patronage. A six step multiple regression analysis corresponding to six different shopping centres has been applied to two clusters of consumers. The data are based on consumers’ hedonic/utilitarian customer profile. First, results show that in general the impact on shopping centre patronage is largely affected by proximity, convenience and accessibility variables, which are more relevant among the utilitarian profile consumers. On the other hand, in the hedonic profile segment, affect, that is, the experience of feeling or emotion is the relevant variable explaining patronage. Second, the predictive contribution of these variables on patronage varied according to the shopping centres’ positioning. With the findings of the present study, retail managers can formulate marketing strategies, which will attract retail consumers towards their shopping centre and also help them to enhance the significant factors that influence retail store consumer’s purchase decision. Also, this investigation contributes to the diagnosis of how consistent is the retailers’ in their positioning strategy in targeting the market segments. The present research integrates both situational factors and hedonic as well as utilitarian consumer profiles along with the role of situational dynamics to explain shopping centres’ patronage.
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Johnson, Courtney, Lori Banks, Devonte’ Smith, and Jung-Im Seo. "The Effect Of Product Involvement On Store Preference And Clothing Benefits Sought For African-American Female Students." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 33, no. 1 (December 27, 2016): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v33i1.9871.
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Clothing is one of the most essential things that human bodies need for the multipurpose reasons. Such clothing has been recognized as the high involvement product for many years, resulting to one of the very interesting subjects in consumer research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of clothing involvement on clothing store preference and clothing benefits sought for African-American female college students. This study demonstrates that African-American female college students are generally satisfied with the current ready-to-wear (RTW) clothing. To purchase such RTW clothing, internet store is revealed as one of very exciting shopping centers. Instead, catalog or mail ordering does not strongly attract to the African-American female college consumers. Compared to other involvement groups, high clothing involvement consumers are actively seeking for the fashion image, one of the factors in clothing benefits sought, as well as actively shopping at department store, specialty stores, outlet stores, and internet in Types of Stores. Interestingly, low involvement consumers are generally less interested in store preference or clothing benefits sought than other involvement groups except for the camouflage benefits.
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Lv, Hongyue, and Ting-Kwei Wang. "Development of a Nonlinear Integer Optimization Model for Tenant Mix Layout in a Shopping Centre." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (March 19, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2787351.
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The tenant mix layout of shopping malls affects shopper consumption behaviour and the performance of malls. The main function of the tenant mix layout is to increase store sales by increasing footfall. However, although existing studies have shown the importance of the spatial clustering effect and the physical information about tenants, the authors of those studies did not properly consider both the spatial clustering effect and the physical information about tenants at the meantime. Through this study, we aimed to maximize the spillover effect of the stores in the shopping centre while considering both the spatial clustering effect and physical information about tenants. Therefore, we present a problem called the tenant mix problem, which is to determine the optimal tenant configuration scheme for existing shopping centre space segmentation to maximize the rental income of a shopping centre. To solve this problem, a nonlinear integer optimization model with defined characteristics was proposed and solved using a genetic algorithm. A shopping centre case study is also presented to verify the performance of the model.
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Utami, Septiana Putri. "Harmonization of traditional market competition arrangement with modern." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economics Research 1, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijier.v1i2.3174.
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This study aims to determine the regulation of traditional market competition arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district; implementing regulations related to the traditional market competition arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district; creating harmonization of traditional market arrangements with modern stores in Sukoharjo district. This study used a method of sociological jurudical approach with the study population of 26 traditional markets in Sukoharjo district. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling using 3 traditional markets with sub-populations adjacent to modern stores.The results of this study are traditional market competition arrangements and modern stores in Sukoharjo district regulated in Local Regulation (Perda) No. 17 year 2017 about structuring and coaching public markets, shopping centers and convenience stores; there are violations in the implementation of regulations carried out by modern store entrepreneurs in term of manipulation of grocery store licenses operating with the concept of a modern store; in order to create harmonization of traditional market arrangements and modern stores, it requires preventive and repressive actions.
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Arentze, Theo A., Harmen Oppewal, and Harry J. P. Timmermans. "A Multipurpose Shopping Trip Model to Assess Retail Agglomeration Effects." Journal of Marketing Research 42, no. 1 (February 2005): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.42.1.109.56884.
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Multipurpose shopping is a prominent and relevant feature of shopping behavior. However, no methodology is available to assess empirically how the demand for multipurpose shopping depends on retail agglomeration or, in general, the characteristics of retail supply, such as the numbers and types of stores in a shopping center or the number of categories in a supermarket. The authors propose a nested-logit model that captures retail agglomeration effects on consumer choice of shopping trip purpose (what to buy) and destination (where to buy). The authors estimate parameters representing trip purpose-adjustment and between-store attraction effects on shopping trip data collected from a sample of 1704 households in The Netherlands. Both effects are significant for each of the three categories for which the model is estimated. This is consistent with the idea of agglomeration effects. The findings suggest that agglomeration helps attract not only multipurpose but also single-purpose trips. A comparison of multi- and single-purpose trip model predictions shows that single-purpose models underpredict the number of trips to larger shopping centers.
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Nagyová, Ľudmila, Jana Stávková, and Zuzana Tonkovičová. "Selected characteristics of Slovak consumers purchasing behaviour." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 6 (2008): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856060069.
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Objective of the paper is to point out selected patterns of Slovak consumers based on analysis of buying behaviour. Results of presented survey of consumer buying patterns and preferences have pointed out key characteristics of buying behaviour of Slovak consumers. We’re able to confirm that new business companies as hypermarket and supermarket became main place for food shopping. Totally 72% of respondents indicated them as the type of store where they spend largest share of food expenses. The self-service shop, traditional business units, is still the shopping place for 14% of respondents. The most important factors influencing selection of the type of store are closeness and location of the store, assortment and product quality, store personnel and price level. More than half of the respondents consider opening times the key service for choosing the place for shopping. 49.6% of respondents is using car to do shopping, 35.5% of respondents walk. 32.5% of respondents is using advertising leaflets to plan what to buy. 14.6% of respondents answered that even though receiving leaflets, they don’t read them. 31.3% of respondents are holders of loyalty cards. Most visited retail chain is Tesco.Currently building of large-scale business formats slowed down and retail chains try to get closer towards customer not only by reducing floor space but above all by locating the stores in the centre of cities with lower population.
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Charles, Carter, and Vandell Kerry. "Store Location in Shopping Centers: Theory and Estimates." Journal of Real Estate Research 27, no. 3 (January 1, 2005): 237–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2005.12091160.
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Sierra-Murillo, Yolanda, Jorge Pelegrín-Borondo, Cristina Olarte-Pascual, and Natalia Medrano. "Motivations for choosing brick-and-mortar stores between urban commerce and shopping centers: the case of Logroño retail." Harvard Deusto Business Research 8, no. 1 (May 10, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/hdbr.188.
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The aim of this work is to identify the reasons behind the choice of brick-and-mortar stores to make purchases and provide new evidence of the role that such establishments play in the omnichannel environment. An empirical study carried out in the city of Logroño (Spain) shows that utilitarian and hedonic motives are intertwined and differ according to age. Young people opt for shopping centers and the range of products and services they have to offer. Adults and elderly customers associate personal attention with shops located in the city center. The fundamental conclusion of the present work is that the establishments located in shopping centers and urban centers can coexist, each developing their own strengths. Both types of establishments provide interesting benefits for consumers who, in certain situations, opt for brick-and-mortar stores and value the offline shopping experience.
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Ambrose, David M., John R. Anstey, and Anna V. Vygodina. "Hidden: How general studies of shopping centres mask store differences." Journal of Retail & Leisure Property 7, no. 2 (March 5, 2008): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/rlp.2008.2.
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Asmael, Noor Moutaz, and Noor Kadhim. "Estimate Attraction Rate for Shopping Centers." Transport technic and technology 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttt-2020-0001.
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AbstractIn developing countries like Baghdad, it has seen high growth of urbanization accompanied by the high trip rate, which conduces increased vehicle traffic and human traffic. One of the major problems is the increase in traffic congestion of unplanned development of various structures at various locations. Four-step demand models are important in planning and forecasting future demand. Trip generation is an important step when planning urban infrastructure. In this study, three shopping centers (AL Mansour mall, Babylon mall, and al Waha mall) were selected, trip attraction rates were calculated using two approaches (trip rate analysis method, and Regression analysis method). The number of persons entering and exiting the site for every 15-minute interval during peak hours is estimated. This research considers various physical characteristics of shopping centers, gross floor area (GFA), number of employees and the number of stores in the shopping center. From the data analysis, good relations exist between the dependent variable (trip rate) and various independent variables, and the developed trip rate per GFA per 1000 m2 is 133 person trips and various trip rates are presented through this study.
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Brueckner, Jan K. "Inter-store externalities and space allocation in shopping centers." Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 7, no. 1 (July 1993): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01096932.
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Reimers, Vaughan, and Val Clulow. "Spatial convenience: bridging the gap between shopping malls and shopping strips." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 10 (October 7, 2014): 864–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2013-0153.
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Purpose – Due to rising obesity levels, declining fitness levels, an aging population, and shopper lethargy, retail planners must give serious consideration to the physical demands retail centres place on their patrons. The purpose of this paper is to determine the importance consumers assign to spatial convenience, measure how consumers perceive shopping malls and shopping strips (also referred to as the downtown area, central business district, Main Street or the High Street) in relation to it, and compare them in their provision of it. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilises a household survey of consumers and as well as a retail audit. The survey was used to identify the importance consumers assign to spatial convenience, while the retail audit was used to establish how malls and strips compare in their provision of it. Findings – The results of the survey indicate that consumers regard spatial convenience as important and believe that malls are superior in providing it. The retail audit confirmed the accuracy of these perceptions, with the mall providing greater store compatibility, and a more compact shopping environment. Originality/value – The influence of spatial convenience on shopping behaviour has been largely overlooked at the level of the retail centre. Moreover, those studies that have focused on this topic, have typically done so from the singular focus of either malls or strips. This study incorporates both, and does so via an empirical analysis of consumer attitudes and a spatial comparison of both retail formats.
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RASICCI, CLAUDIA, GIANPAOLO VIGNALI, and LUCA DEVIGILI. "FACTORY OUTLET VS CITY CENTRE STORES: IS THE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR CHANGING?" International Journal of Management Cases 10, no. 3 (January 1, 2008): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5848/apbj.2008.00054.
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Voges, Jonathan. "Medien zum Selbermachen Der Baumarkt als Ort des medialisierten Einkaufs seit den 1970er Jahren." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2020-0026.
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Abstract Starting in the late 1960s and even more pronounced in the 70s, West-Germany saw an increasing number of hardware stores being founded. Since the idea behind the integrated Do-it-yourself-retail-store originated in the United States, it had to be adapted to suit Western-German circumstances. The problem that hardware-store owners faced right from the beginning, was, that the articles in their stores did not represent finished consumer goods, but rather goods that were meant to be turned into such by being used by the customer. Furthermore, until late in the 70s the products on offer were unfamiliar and in need of explanation to the German customers and therefore consulting intensive. In order to reduce the need for customer advisory, but still offer an attractive shopping experience and moreover to make clear, that the store offers not only products, but solutions to a range of different problems, the store owners, their franchise centers and their trade-association focused their efforts on the use of new technologies. It was the video technology that developed a leading role in this effort: By using this technology, stores were able to combine the offer of entertaining media, explanations to the usage of their products in action (which in turn reduced the need for customer advisory) and illustrations of the features of the DIY-products on offer. Starting in the mid-70s, this led to the production of films, which were shown on infinite loop in the hardware-stores.
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Hidayat, Rahmat, and Risa Erika. "PENGARUHSTORE ATMOSPHERE DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP SHOPPING EMOTION DAN IMPULSE BUYING PADA SUPERMARKET HALIMAH LYTECH HOMEBATAM CENTRE”." Inovbiz: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.35314/inovbiz.v5i1.175.
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Abstract: Along with the increasing creativity of retail business people impact on the increasing frequency of competition for market share. With a variety of promotional strategies offered, it is expected that consumers who become the main target can be affected and make purchases Impulsive. This study aims to determine the effect of Store Atmosphere and Promotion on Impulse Buying through Shopping Emotion as an intervening variable on Supermarket con- sumers Halimah Lytech Home Batam Center. Data analysis technique used is path analysis, with sample of 100 respondens by using Accidental Sampling technique which is part of non-probability sampling. The results of this study explain that shopping emotion indirectly can affect the relationship between store atmosphere and promotion of impulse buying at Halimah Supermarket. These results illustrate that impulse buying will increase if shopping emotion has a greater influence. Keywords:Impulse Buying, Promotion, Shopping Emotion, Store Atmosphere
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Kvedaravičienė, Ieva, and Lilija Vilkanciene. "Shopping centre Europa – when threats become opportunities." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 3, no. 6 (November 14, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-06-2013-0076.
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Subject area Real estate economics, strategic management. Study level/applicability BA, undergraduate year 3, 4 Case overview The case aims to raise an issue of the effects of the economic crisis on Europa shopping centre in Vilnius, Lithuania, and its owner, Baltic Property Trust (BPT) Secura. For the first time since its opening in Vilnius, the company faced rapidly decreasing flows and turnover. Falling revenues meant that most stores within the shopping mall had been struggling to maintain their cash flow and profitability. The major idea of the case is to show that shopping centre management is a complex process covering interrelated relationship among owners, tenants, customers and society in general. Expected learning outcomes Learners will be able: to apply knowledge of retail segment functioning specifics; to apply knowledge of retail property management (in various economic and market cycles); and to apply strategic management principles in property management. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
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SATANI, Nobuaki, Akira UCHIDA, Shi-Chen ZHAO, and Satoshi HAGISHIMA. "CONBINATION OF KINDS OF STORES IN SHOPPING CENTERS AND TREND OF THE LOCATION." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 65, no. 531 (2000): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.65.163_5.
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Záboj, Marek. "Spatial analysis and retail saturation of the shopping centers in Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 6 (2009): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957060335.
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The paper deals with spatial analysis of the shopping centers according to individual regions in Czech Republic. The centers over 10 000 m2 were identified with their total retail space and gravitational model was utilized to determine the break point between two competing regions – the point at which a person residing in an intermediate community would be likely to travel to one region rather than the other. Next part is aimed to calculation of saturation indicators. First one is coefficient of shopping centers saturation – measured like portion of retail space in all shopping centers per capita in each region (the average in Czech Republic is 0,115 m2·cap−1.; the lowest ratio was determined in South-Bohemian region – 0,033 and next is Karlovy Vary – 0,035; Hradec Králové – 0,049 and Vysočina – 0,048 regions; the highest ratio was determined in Liberec region – 0,275 and next is Central-Bohemian including Prague – 0,253; South-Moravian – 0,182 and Plzen – 0,157 regions). The second one is index of retail saturation – the population of the region is multiplied by the monthly expenditure on the goods and services the retailer wants to sell in shopping centers and this is divided by the total retail space in all shopping centers in the given region (the average in Czech Republic is 77 094,77 CZK·(m2)−1; the same rank was determined – the highest index in South-Bohemian region – 175 909 and the lowest index in Liberec region – 20 224). The main result is comparison of regions according to their shopping centers saturation and recommendation to possible investors, developers and retailers where is the best site to invest and build a new complex of retail stores according to given indicators of spatial analysis.
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Wu, Jyh-Jeng, Ying-Hueih Chen, Shu-Hua Chien, and Wei-Kuang Wu. "Attachment relationship study of trust and trust transfer." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 26, no. 5 (September 12, 2016): 681–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-04-2015-0095.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply trust perspective and attachment theory and determined that relational embeddedness, anxiety attachment, and avoidance attachment are major factors influencing the trust of tenants in owners/developers of shopping centers. The authors also examined whether tenants transfer this trust to new shopping center developers and the consequent effect on relational performance. Design/methodology/approach This research was empirically based on primary data collected from new shopping center developers and the consequent effect on relational performance. Structure equation modeling was employed to verify and validate the research model. Findings Data collected from 250 shopping center tenants were analyzed, and the findings indicate that relational embeddedness, anxiety attachment, and avoidance attachment positively affect the trust of store tenants in the owners or developers of shopping centers. Furthermore, the authors determined that trust in existing shopping center developers was transferred to new shopping center developers, which consequently enhanced relational performance. Originality/value The findings contribute to trust transfer research and provide actionable guidelines to organizations intending to provide intermediary business services.
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Passaro, Pierluigi, Sergio Salomone, and Luca Petruzzellis. "Retail Concentration: The Shopping Streets." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 16 (June 28, 2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n16p122.
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Changes in consumer lifestyle strongly affect the retail demand, forcing the distribution system to reorganize and reposition its offer. Shopping proves to be a differentiating “activity”, given that buying behavior is even more characterized by psychological and emotional factors, thus the purchased goods and the stores patronized become lifestyle symbols. However, a dualism between the retail dynamic needs and the existing spatial conditions exists. The former, especially in the case of fashion and shopping goods, requires a strategic position as close to customers as possible, namely huge spaces, attractive locations where the consumer need for experience and entertainment is met. The latter could be modified gradually and partially, determining a location hierarchy that results from wider changes in politics, economy and society. Consequently, all cities are experiencing a renewal process in their shopping “spaces”; retailers are competing for a front space on the streets in order to gain more visibility – through huge and sparkling stores - and “label” their products through values, symbols, and emotional/entertaining experience. This paper investigates the spatial/territorial dimension of consumption, analyzing the concentration phenomenon among shops from the same sector or complementary ones. By exploiting agglomeration economies shops can be positioned in the consumers’ mind, firstly, with the street’s collective image and then with the shop’s specific image. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which shopping streets (also referred to as the high street, downtown or city centre) provide retail concentration.
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Azhra, Fariza Halidatsani, Najib Fadhlurrohman, Bagas Swardhana Putra, and Faisal Ibrahim. "Marketing strategy planning at alfamart lodadi stores using the clustering, ahp, and ar-mba method." International Journal of Industrial Optimization 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/ijio.v2i2.4361.
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Nowadays, people are very facilitated by the existence of various shopping centers, including retail. Because many retailers are close to each other, Alfamart Lodadi must have a good marketing strategy. So far, the strategy used is sometimes inaccurate because it is not based on customer segmentation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to help retail owners to make decisions regarding the right marketing strategy with three methods so that Alfamart Lodadi can compete and increase sales. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to find the priority variables of customer segmentation; meanwhile, the K-Means Clustering is used to group customers based on the similarity of predetermined characteristics. AR-MBA is used to find out the best rules, and products are rarely, sufficient, and frequently purchased. The results of this research, based on AHP, obtained five segmentation priority variables based on the largest eigenvector values. There are income, age, expenditure, distance, and shopping intensity with each eigenvector value of 0.13; 0.16; 0.12; 0.12; 0.17. From clustering, there are three customer clusters with different strategies, including free shipping when shopping, product discounts for certain periods, and providing catalogs and discounts on each transaction and offer notifications. Then, this research also obtained three strategies based on AR-MBA. These include making a catalog by bringing frequently purchased products closer together, choosing a layout for shopping places by bringing frequently purchased products closer together, and making shopping coupons for rarely purchased products. With several strategic choices, companies can make decisions appropriately according to the desired criteria.
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Vieira, Valter, Fernando Oliveira Santini, and Clécio Falcao Araujo. "A meta-analytic review of hedonic and utilitarian shopping values." Journal of Consumer Marketing 35, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 426–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-08-2016-1914.
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Purpose Hedonic and utilitarian shopping values have been researched since the mid-1980s in the fields of marketing, retail and specially on consumer behaviour. A number of studies have found evidence of their effects on satisfaction, buying intention and loyalty, but others have found no such effects or negative results. The purpose of this study is to apply a meta-analytic review on the shopping values. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a meta-analysis of the relationship between hedonic and utilitarian value on shopping response, using 190 studies. The authors also limited their search to the past 19 years (1995-2014). Findings The findings are as follows: hedonic shopping value is positively associated with utilitarian, ρ = 0.56; hedonic and utilitarian exhibit positive main effects on satisfaction, buying intention, loyalty, perceived benefits and search for information; in general, these associations are stronger (vs weaker) for utilitarian value; the effect size for the association between utilitarian and buying intention is stronger in the experimental condition and the indirect effect of hedonic on value, loyalty and word-of-mouth by the mediating effect of value. Research limitations/implications The authors proposed and found support for the parallel mediating effect. They also observed that not only hedonic and utilitarian shopping values had indirect effects on loyalty and word-of-mouth through perceived value and satisfaction but also both shopping values had different effects depending on the respective mediator. The indirect effects of hedonic values occur because the emotional and psychological circumstances of experience increase the perceived value, influencing consumers’ responses. Practical implications Retailers can create specific stores for consumers to attend to their shopping values. For example, the Adidas brand centre in Beijing/China provides the consumer with a unique and interactive retail experience. This kind of concept store and its experience (e.g. tunnel entry and team room) are congruent with shoppers’ hedonic value. Conversely, Nike Factory Store in the USA provides the consumer with a simple and fast retail experience. Originality/value The authors provide sufficient evidence that the two dimensions, hedonic and utilitarian value, are positively associated. This result is congruent with Batra and Ahtola (1991), Babin et al. (1994) and Spangenberg et al. (1997). The results support Chiu et al.’s (2005) argument that utilitarian and hedonic are positively associated based on Fishbein and Ajzen’s affect–cognition link and suggested that the instrumental and functional values are related to spontaneous responses that are more subjective and personal.
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Mohd. Yusof, Jamaliah, Rosidah Musa, and Sofiah Abd. Rahman. "Role of Shopping Value on Green Image and Store Loyalty Relationship." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 3, no. 6 (January 4, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i6.249.
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This study aims at examining the role of shopping value in green image and store loyalty relationship. Convenience sampling using quota sampling was used to collect data of a sample of 565 consumers. Using structural equation modeling, it was found that shopping value mediates the relationship between green image of retailers and store loyalty. The result provides valuable insights to researchers and practitioners, and implications for future research directions and management of the retail industry are discussed.
Keywords: Green Image ; Shopping Value ; Store Loyalty ; Consumer Behavior
eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Das, Gopal. "Store personality and consumer store choice behaviour: an empirical examination." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 32, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-07-2013-0116.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influences of store attributes on store personality dimensions across different consumer segments. Subsequently, the study examines impact of store personality dimensions on consumer store choice behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – A mall-intercept survey was undertaken using a systematic sampling of department store shoppers of age 18 years and above in Kolkata, a metropolitan city of India. Questionnaire was used to collect data from busy shopping malls or centres located in different places of Kolkata. Multiple regression analysis is used to examine the objectives of this study. Findings – Results revealed that different sets of store attributes positively affect the various store personality dimensions differently across the segments. The study also found the positive impacts of store personality dimensions on consumer store choice behaviour. Originality/value – Arguably, this study is the first to explore the link between store attributes and store personality across the consumer segments, and the impacts of store personality dimensions on consumer store choice behaviour.
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Napoli, Grazia, and Giulia Bonafede. "The urban rent in the multicultural city: retail shops, migrants and urban decline in the historic centre of Palermo [La rendita urbana nella città multiculturale: attività commerciali, migranti e declino urbano nel centro storico di Palermo]." Valori e Valutazioni 27 (December 2020): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.48264/vvsiev-20202707.
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Changes in consumer shopping behavior and in retail spaces, such as shopping malls, department stores and e-commerce, have modified localization models of traditional retail shops, also affecting urban fabric and spatial distribution of urban rent. Even city centers have undergone significant transformations or even decline, especially if local economic system and real estate market are weak and recessionary. A significant amount of commercial properties may have long vacancy due to excess supply, since many traditional shops close their business because they are no longer competitive and, moreover, there is no immediate takeover by new tenants. The decline of central urban areas depends on the interaction of multiple economic, social and cultural factors, but it can be countered by urban policies oriented not only to physical redevelopment of urban fabric, but also to social cohesion and multiculturalism. Migrants bearers of varied cultural values, coming from different continents and settling permanently in the Italian cities, have rented some of these empty properties by locating retail shops specifically oriented to their own communities or also to the citizens needs. The presence of migrants contributes, indeed, to support the retail real estate demand, to mitigate the minus-valorization of real estate capital and also to contain the revenues contraction. This phenomenon has been analyzed in some streets of the historic centre of Palermo that are traditionally shopping areas and have become the privileged place for locating retail shops managed by immigrants.
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Eckert, Andrew, Zhen He, and Douglas S. West. "An empirical analysis of tenant location patterns near department stores in planned regional shopping centers." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 22 (January 2015): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.09.007.
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Isyaroh, Rosi Indri, and Muhammad Eko Atmojo. "Efektivitas Toko Milik Rakyat (TOMIRA) dalam Mewujudkan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Tahun 2018." FisiPublik : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Politik 5, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/fpb.v5i1.833.
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The rise of modern shops or network shops has caused problems in the Kulon Progo community. To solve the existing problems, the Regional Government of Kulon Progo issued a policy in the form of a Regional Regulation. Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2011 concerning Protection and Empowerment of Traditional Markets and the Arrangement of Modern Shopping Centers and Stores. The special thing about this regulation is that there is a zoning system where the distance between modern shops or networking with traditional markets must be 1000 meters. Discrepancy in regulations that have been made with the reality gets a response from the Kulon Progo Regional Government by giving options such as not extending permits, being closed or taking over to the manager of the minimarket. Take Over here is defined as land acquisition so that the government does not bother to start or reopen the store under the name TOMIRA (Toko Milik Rakyat). The Kulon Progo Regent often intensified the "Bela Beli Kulon Progo" movement by utilizing the local potential of the Kulon Progo area. In grasping the Tomira program, it is assisted by the Office of Cooperatives and UMKM by providing training to cooperatives and UMKM. UMKM products that must be entered into Tomira at least 20% of all items in the store.
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Dyer, Stephanie. "Markets in the Meadows: Department Stores and Shopping Centers in the Decentralization of Philadelphia, 1920–1980." Enterprise & Society 3, no. 4 (December 2002): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700011927.
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Through a study of the history of department stores and shopping centers in the Philadelphia metropolitan region between 1920 and 1980, I explore the historical role of retailing in the evolution of the "sprawl" landscape that came to dominate urban form in the United States by the end of the twentieth century. Philadelphia is an important case study for this topic because of its long history of urbanization, during which it developed from a colonial port city to a nine-teenth-century industrial metropolis to a model of twentieth-century deindustrialization. Through all the phases of its growth, Philadelphia remained an important consumer marketplace serving the regional hinterland of the Delaware Valley. I sought to understand the forces that led to the city's twentieth-century decline as the primary site of consumption for the Delaware Valley, when major sites for distributing consumer goods developed in the hinterland itself.
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Dyer, S. "Markets in the Meadows: Department Stores and Shopping Centers in the Decentralization of Philadelphia, 1920-1980." Enterprise and Society 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/es/3.4.606.
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Putro, Muhamad Dwisnanto, and Jane Litouw. "Robot Pintar Pengukur Kepuasan Konsumen pada Pusat Perbelanjaan." Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.6.1.2018.25-31.
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The shopping center generally uses the questionnaire instrument in measuring the level of customer satisfaction services. Processing and presentation of conventional questionnaire data tend to be long and less effective. The problem will be solved by using smart robots to measure consumer satisfaction at shopping centers. This robot has a digital questionnaire module located on the robot's chest and the facial module that is used as a robot expression when the consumer chooses to be satisfied or not with the shopping center service. The digital robot questionnaire module is able to accommodate, store and process customer satisfaction data in statistics. Robotic expression when receiving a choice of consumer satisfaction in the form of happy or disappointed facial expressions combined with a voice expression in the form of thanks to customers who have visited.
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Fuhrmann, Magdalena. "Discount stores in a large city – the “biedronkisation” of the urban space – the case of Warsa." Urban Development Issues 53, no. 1 (January 20, 2018): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/udi-2017-0005.
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Abstract Intensive development of discount store chains has been noticeable in Poland over the last couple of years. This phenomenon is also present in the largest cities, in which – at least in the beginning – investors representing this type of shopping chain were not interested. This article presents research results on the “Biedronka” chain of discount shops in Warsaw. Particular emphasis has been placed on the location of the individual shops in relation to the city centre, and on the specific characteristics of the locations in which the shops have been established (type of building, former function).
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Holston, Denise, Matthew Greene, and Jessica Stroope. "Perceptions of the Local Food Environment and Experiences with Food Access Among Low Income Rural Louisiana Residents." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_054.
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Abstract Objectives The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe perceptions of the local food environment and factors related to food access among low-income residents in rural, high-poverty parishes (counties) in Louisiana. Methods Data were primarily collected from four focus group discussions (FGD). Participants were low-income residents of high poverty, rural parishes and participating in at least one public assistance program. Subjects provided consent and completed a food access survey prior to participation. The FGD questions were based on rural food access literature and study objectives. During the FGD, participants were asked about their perceptions of the local food environment and local food access, how they acquired food, barriers to food access and possible solutions to address perceived barriers. FGD were transcribed verbatim and coded and themed by independent coders. Results 24 low-income adults participated in the FGD. 96% of participants were Black and 25% were male. Almost half (42%) reported not having enough food per month and 62% (n = 15) reported running out of food before the end of the month. Almost all participants reported that price was the most important factor when shopping for food. The majority of participants, especially in 2 parishes, thought the cost of food was too high at stores within the parish. Barriers to access to foods included cost, transportation, and not having enough benefits or money to cover monthly food costs. The majority of participants, especially in 2 parishes, traveled 30 or more miles to grocery stores for perceived reasonable prices and quality food. Transportation for monthly shopping trips came at a price of $10–$40 per trip. Participants in one isolated parish traveled to other parishes for specific items. Participants reported shopping at 2–4 stores monthly based on sales. Participant- derived solutions to food access were few but included locally owned grocery stores and local, public transit to foods stores for better prices. Conclusions Food access for low-income individuals living in rural locations is complex and contributes to food insecurity observed in this population. Public transit to grocery stores with low prices may be a solution to food access challenges in rural areas. Funding Sources Centers for Disease Control NU58DP006570.
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Njeru, Anthony Murithi, and Isami Kinoshita. "Stay Activities on Carfree Neighborhood Shopping Streets." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 3, no. 9 (November 22, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1527.
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This paper evaluates the occurrence of stay activities such as sitting and children’s play in two neighborhood shopping streets in the Tokyo Metropolitan area through direct observation and mapping. Results reveal the dominance of mobility on weekdays with cars, the rarity of stay activities on ordinary car-free Sundays, and the upsurge of stay activities during organized street events. Finally, the study discusses the key trends in the occurrence of stay activities, the significance of organized activities such as playstreet and music performances, innovative use of street elements, and the influence of adjacent stores on the liveliness of the streets.Keywords: Car-free, Streets, Neighborhood, Stay ActivitieseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1527
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Simon, Alan, Chris Frame, and Amrik Sohal. "Store owner's reactions to a corporation's takeover of a shopping centre in an Australian city." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 37, no. 7 (June 5, 2009): 563–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550910964602.
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Sazonova, Svetlana, Alla Zvyaginceva, and Aleksandr Osipov. "Simulation of scenarios for the development of a fire in a shopping and entertainment center." Modeling of systems and processes 14, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2219-0767-2021-14-3-50-59.
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The paper analyzes fires in the Russian Federation, including in shopping and entertainment centers. Objects with a mass stay of people are investigated on the example of the shopping entertainment center Passage "Solnechny Rai" in Voronezh. As a result of the analysis carried out on the study of objects with a massive presence of people, in our case, at the alleged object of extinguishing a fire and conducting an ACR, at the time of the fire there were more than 50 people, one way or another in comparison even with night time when there are no people at the object , the object refers to objects with a mass presence of people. Forecasting the development of the fire was carried out for the shopping and entertainment center Passage "Solnechny Rai". Simulation of two scenarios of fire development with the most dangerous zones of fire occurrence has been carried out. According to the first scenario of a fire in the premises of the Perekrestok store located on the ground floor, in the event of a fire in the store, the greatest amount of manpower and resources will be required, since this facility has the highest fire load, storage of a large amount of goods. According to the second scenario, a fire breaks out in a retail space located on the third floor of the building of the “Solnechny Rai” Passage shopping and entertainment center. As a result of a fire, adjacent rooms and higher floors are quickly filled with combustion products, which will lead to the impossible evacuation of people by their own forces. For the considered shopping and entertainment center, recommendations have been developed for organizing rescue operations.
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Massoudi, Aram Hanna. "Consumers Loyalty Indicator as a Drivers for Satisfaction." Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuejhss.v4n1y2020.pp41-45.
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This study focuses on understanding the leading indicators of loyalty among food and nourishments shoppers in two Syrian Malls, Cham City Centre and Massa Plaza, both located in Damascus, the capital of Syria. The research uses descriptive approach; the data were collected from a questionnaire distributed to 110 shoppers in the two shopping malls, 100 valid responses divided (50 answers from Cham City Centre, and 50 from Massa Plaza Mall). The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science to test the hypothesis. The result showed that shopper attitudes toward the store positively related to his fulfilment and loyalty. Also, shoppers call to the store is an indicator of his satisfaction and commitment towards the store. Finally, perceived value is positively related to the four loyalty indicators. The novelty of this article comes from the analysis of the four loyalty indicators as an essential factor for the sustainable customer. Loyal customers are free marketing tools that keep business running and can increase market share.