Relevant bibliographies by topics / Supported cluster

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Supported cluster'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Supported cluster"

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Asakura, Kiyotaka, Yoshinao Yamazaki, Haruo Kuroda, Masafumi Harada, and Naoki Toshima. "A “Cluster-in-Cluster” Structure of the SiO2-Supported PtPd Clusters." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 32, S2 (1993): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.32s2.448.

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LIU, FENGQI, MIN HAN, YINGCHUN GONG, et al. "STRUCTURAL AND RAMAN SPECTRA STUDIES OF SUPPORTED LiF CLUSTERS." Surface Review and Letters 03, no. 01 (1996): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x96000310.

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Electron microscope and Raman scattering spectra are used to study the structures and properties of supported LiF clusters prepared by gas-evaporation technique. The experiments demonstrate that large-size LiF clusters have fcc structure and cubic shape, but have no Raman scattering spectrum. As cluster size decreases, cluster shape deviates from cube and tends to be spherical, fractal structure appears and the size distribution becomes narrow. When clusters size is 10 nm, very conspicuous Raman spectrum is obtained. If clusters size decreases to 5 nm, the fine structure of Raman spectrum is observed. Fine structure in small cluster reflects the dicreteness of the wave vector and the intensity of cluster-substrate interaction.
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Gates, B. C. "Supported metal cluster catalysts." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 163, no. 1-2 (2000): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1381-1169(00)00399-x.

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Alexeev, O. S., and B. C. Gates. "Supported Bimetallic Cluster Catalysts." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 42, no. 8 (2003): 1571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie020351h.

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Jiménez-Sáez, J. C., A. M. C. Pérez-Martín, and J. J. Jiménez-Rodríguez. "Sputtering in supported cluster arrays." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 352 (June 2015): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2014.12.022.

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Fairbairn, Robyn E., Ross McLellan, Ruaraidh D. McIntosh, Stephanie M. Taylor, Euan K. Brechin, and Scott J. Dalgarno. "Calixarene-supported rare-earth clusters: heteroatom bridge influences cluster composition." Chemical Communications 48, no. 68 (2012): 8493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc33166g.

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Vančová, Viera, Miloš Čambál, and Dagmar Cagáňová. "Innovative Improvement and Intensification of Business Relationships Supported by Cooperative Networks." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 20, Special-Number (2012): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10186-012-0024-3.

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Abstract Nowadays, the opportunity for companies to be involved in cluster initiatives and international business associations is a major factor that contributes to the increase of their innovative potential. Companies organized in technological clusters have greater access to mutual business contacts, faster information transfer and deployment of advanced technologies. These companies cooperate more frequently with universities and research - development institutions on innovative projects. An important benefit of cluster associations is that they create a suitable environment for innovation and the transfer of knowledge by means of international cooperation and networking. This supportive environment is not easy to access for different small and mediumsized companies, who are not members of any clusters or networks. Supplier-customer business channels expand by means of transnational networks and exchanges of experience. Knowledge potential is broadened and joint innovative projects are developed. Reflecting the growing importance of clusters as driving forces of economic and regional development, a number of cluster policies and initiatives have emerged in the last few decades, oriented to encourage the establishment of new clusters, to support existing clusters, or to assist the development of transnational cooperation. To achieve the goals of the Europe 2020 Strategy, European countries should have an interest in building strong clusters and developing cluster cooperation by sharing specialized research infrastructures and testing facilities and facilitating knowledge transfer for crossborder cooperation. This requires developing a long term joint strategy in order to facilitate the development of open global clusters and innovative small and medium entrepreneurs.
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Palmer, Richard. "Atomic Structure and Mass-Production of Supported Size-Selected Nanoclusters." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314092663.

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Deposition of size-selected nanoclusters assembled from atoms in the gas phase is a novel route to the fabrication of <10nm surface features. I will focus on the creation and atomic structure of monodispersed metal cluster arrays which enable new model catalysts and protein biochips. The atomic structure of the clusters – previously the province of theory - is revealed experimentally [1] by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in the HAADF imaging regime; we can "count" atoms and obtain 3D information not just 2D projections. Results include mass spectrometry of thiolated Au clusters, adatom dynamics on Au923 magic-number nanoclusters [2], first atomic imaging results for Au55 and Au20 and a method to explore the potential energy landscape of (Au923) clusters via cluster transformations [3], presenting a reference system for theory. A new kind of cluster beam source, to allow super-abundant generation of size-selected nanoclusters, will also be demonstrated.
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Kładź-Postolska, Katarzyna. "THE ROLE OF CLUSTER INITIATIVES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLUSTERS." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 20, no. 1 (2019): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2422.

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The terms in the title of the study, such as “cluster initiative” and “cluster” need to be differentiated as management of cluster initiatives serves the creation or development of clusters. The growth of clusters in regions is also supported by so-called “cluster organizations”. The aim of the study is to discuss the role of cluster initiatives in the development of clusters. The study presents the process of creating and managing cluster initiatives as well as examples of activities undertaken as part of cluster initiatives relevant for the creation and growth of cluster competitiveness.
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Gates, B. C. "ChemInform Abstract: Supported Metal Cluster Catalysts." ChemInform 32, no. 13 (2001): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200113275.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Supported cluster"

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Corbin, William C. "Chemical Transformations Supported by the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ Cluster Core". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/594937.

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Hexanuclear transition metal clusters are a distinct class of chemical compounds that have some very interesting chemical and physical properties. Of recent interest in this field has been the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ cluster core. This Lewis acidic cluster core contains six substitutable coordination sites, and site differentiation can be accessed through protecting group ligands. The Lewis acidity has been shown to activate unsaturated cluster-bound ligands, and the expanded atom-like structure and high symmetry of the cluster core has potential use in synthesizing some fascinating and novel hybrid materials. Little work has been performed in establishing the scope of these chemical transformations. The work herein describes the efforts and successes of such work. Chapter 1 provides the essential background required for understanding the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ cluster core's synthesis, properties, and currently known research directions and successes. This chapter first introduces hexanuclear clusters in a general format, then focuses on the established catalytic and material capabilities that have been determined using this specific cluster core. Chapter 2 discusses the synthesis, characterization, and hydrogen-bonded assemblies formed from [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ cluster-isonicotinic acid cluster complexes. These complexes have potential uses as hybrid inorganic/organic linkers for the generation of luminescent Lewis acidic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Prospective applications of such materials include catalysis, separations, and gas storage. Chapter 3 focuses on the novel chemistry of [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ cluster-activated CH₃CN with N-based nucleophiles to form acetamidines. These ligands are of interest due to their use in medicinal chemistry, CO₂/CS₂ sequestration, and the formation of synthetically-relevant species. Quantitative yields are obtained and single-crystal XRD analyses reveal specific stereochemical outcomes. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in a cluster-amidine CH₃CN solution removes the ligand as the acetamidinium TFA salt, and the starting cluster solvate is reproduced making a recyclable catalyst. Chapter 4 expands on a project similar to that of chapter 3, except that O-based nucleophiles are utilized for specific cluster isomers. The newly formed ligands, imino esters, are of interest in organic synthesis as valuable starting materials for the generation of β-lactams and heterocycles. ³¹P NMR and single–crystal XRD reveal Z stereochemistry is preferred in the cis isomer, but conflicting results for the hexasubstituted isomer leave stereochemical analyses unresolved. Chapter 5 attempts to incorporate the chemistry established in chapters 2-4 to provide some fresh and interesting research outlooks possible with the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ cluster core. Incorporation of the cluster into MOFs is discussed, and the possibility of post-synthetic modifications for metal sequestration, catalysis, and sensing is explained. Appendix A provides all the NMR data obtained for synthesized materials with peak picks and integrations provided. Appendix B entails all crystallographic information for structures determined after syntheses. Appendix C provide high-resolution mass spectra.
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König, Michael [Verfasser], Friedrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Esch, Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Köhler, and Conrad [Akademischer Betreuer] Becker. "Scanning Probe Microscopy of size-selected, supported clusters: The cluster-support interaction / Michael König. Gutachter: Friedrich Esch ; Klaus Köhler ; Conrad Becker. Betreuer: Friedrich Esch." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107706361X/34.

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Tu, Xiaoyan. "New synthetic and structural chemistry supported by [Re6(u3-Se)8]2+ clusters." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194985.

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Transition metal clusters are a unique class of chemical substances. Not only do they have well-defined molecular structures, they also exhibit interesting and potentially useful properties that are inherent to metal-metal bonded species. They may be viewed as atom-like building blocks with adjustable properties. Detailed in this dissertation are the efforts to develop synthetic methodologies necessary to bring a cluster system out of the limited sphere of fundamental cluster chemistry and into general synthetic applicability. Specifically, the design and synthesis, structural characterization, and synthetic applications of the cluster complexes of the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ core will be discussed. Chapter 1 provides necessary background information of the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ core-containing cluster system, the rationales of cluster-supported synthetic and structural chemistry, and the impetus for these endeavors. Chapter 2 details the synthetic applications of stereospecific complexes of the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ clusters for the assembly of nanoscopic multicluster arrays using molecular and supramolecular approaches. The synthesis and structural characterization of a triangle-shaped tricluster array and a tetracluster assembly composed of two hydrogen-bonded diclusters are described. Chapters 3 and 4 describe the synthesis of the [Re₆(μ₃-Se)₈]²⁺ core-containing cluster complexes with the water-soluble 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) ligand and the chemistry of these cluster-complex ligands for the coordination of a variety of secondary metal ions. In Chapter 5, the supramolecular chemistry of the cluster-PTA complexes with Ag(I) is detailed. The coordination of Ag(I) to a cluster complex with two PTA ligands disposed trans- to each other produces a 2-dimensional, porous solid with nano-sized hydrophobic pores that are potentially useful for storage of hydrocarbons and for occlusion of certain substrates for activation and possible catalysis. Chapter 6 summarizes the efforts to synthesize cluster-polymer hybrid materials by using an initiating cluster complex for the controlled radical polymerization. The synthesis, spectroscopic and structural characterizations of a novel cluster complex with an initiating ligand are described. Preliminary results of its application for the controlled polymerization of methyl methacrylate are detailed. Chapter 7 draws a set of conclusions based on the results presented in Chapters 2-6 and elaborates on some future directions aimed at moving one step forward the cluster-supported synthetic and materials chemistry.
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Lai, Felix ShangChung. "Metal oxide-supported cluster catalysts derived from organometallic precursors : spectroscopic characterization in reactive environments /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Li, Rui. "Theoretical investigation of electronic properties of atomic clusters in their free forms and adsorbed on functionalized graphene support." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3018/document.

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Les (sub)nanoclusters sont des agrégats d’atomes ou de molécules composés de quelques unités à quelques centaines d’unités. En raison de leur petite taille, ils peuvent avoir des propriétés électroniques, optiques, magnétiques et catalytiques très différentes par rapport au solide correspondant . D'un point de vue expérimental, il est encore très difficile de synthétiser des agrégats de taille calibrée. D'un point de vue théorique, le développement des puissances de calcul, des méthodes de calcul de structure électronique et des algorithmes de recherches globales de structures stables, permettent un calcul toujours plus précis de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques. L’étude théorique permet alors de déterminer de façon fiable les structures stables de ces systèmes qui président aux calculs de leurs propriétés . L’exemple qui illustre ce travail s’inspire du processus observé au sein des piles à combustible dans lequel le Platine (Pt) est couramment utilisé pour produire de l’énergie par oxydation du dihydrogène en favorisant notamment sa dissociation . L’objet de ce travail consiste à comparer la capacité des clusters de Platine de différentes tailles à adsorber la molécule de dihydrogène sous leur forme libre et adsorbée sur substrat. Le graphène , matériaux bidimensionnel cristallin formé de carbone est choisi dans ce travail en tant que substrat en raison de sa grande résistance mécanique et chimique. La première partie de ce travail est consacrée à la recherche d’éléments dopants qui vont permettent à la fois d’améliorer la capacité d’adsorption des clusters de Platine sur la surface et éviter leur migration. L’objectif est ici de proposer un substrat sur lequel peuvent être empêchés les phénomènes d’agglomération, de dissolution et de détachement du cluster qui ainsi limiteraient son efficacité catalytique . Des dopages de la surface, tel qu’ils sont réalisables expérimentalement , par l’Azote, le Bore et le Nitrure de Bore, par substitution atomique et avec ou sans considération préalable de lacunes, ont été étudiés. La seconde partie correspond à l’implémentation dans le code GSAM (Global Search Algorithm of Minima - algorithme de recherche globale de minima) développé au laboratoire , , des éléments qui permettent la recherche de structures de plus basse énergie de clusters moléculaires adsorbés sur substrat, tels que les systèmes [H2-Ptn-Graphène dopé] de cet exemple. La troisième partie concerne l’illustration de la fiabilité de la méthode de recherche globale employée et de la qualité de quelques méthodes de calcul de l’énergie moléculaire (DFT et GUPTA) vis-à-vis de résultats mentionnés dans la littérature sur les clusters de Platine. La dernière partie comporte l’investigation structurale des systèmes [H2-Ptn] et [H2-Ptn-Graphène dopé] pour différentes tailles de clusters allant de n=6 à n=20. La variation de l’énergie d’adsorption de H2 sur les clusters libres et supportés ainsi que celle du cluster moléculaire sur le substrat en fonction de la taille est reportée<br>A sub-nanometer sized metal cluster consists of only several to tens of atoms. Due to its small size and quantum effects, it can have very specific electronic, optical, magnetic and catalytic properties as compared with their bulk behaviors . From an experimental point of view, it is still a big challenge to realize size-controlled synthesis for (sub) nanoclusters. From a theoretical point of view, benefiting from the development of faster high-performance computational sources, more efficient electronic structure modelling software and more reliable global search methods for the determination of the most stable structures, the chemical and physical properties of clusters can be determinate more accurately. As it is experimentally a big challenge to realize size-controlled synthesis for (sub) nanoclusters, theoretical studies can provide detailed information on their geometric structure, electronic structure, as well as adsorption and reaction properties . The example chosen to be treated in this study is inspired by the fuel cell, in which the Platinum (Pt) is a typical and most commonly used precious metal catalyst for the production of energy by the oxidation of dihydrogene . Graphene is a recently discovered 2D carbon net structure, has several special properties, such as: low weight, high strength, high surface area, high electrical conductivity, etc. With these properties and their novel combinations, graphene might prove a promising candidate to be used as catalyst supports. The first part of this study is devoted to the search of the doping elements which permit both enhance the adsorption capacity of Pt clusters on the surface and prevent their migration. The aim here is propose one substrate which can avoid the problems of cluster agglomeration, dissolution and detachment, which reduce the performance of the catalysts . The ways of doping of the surface, which have already been experimentally realized , such as Nitrogen, Boron, and N-B patches substitution of Carbon atoms with or without introducing the vacancy on the pristine graphene, are studied. The second part corresponds to the implementation of some new features into the code GSAM (Global Search Algorithm of Minima) developed in our laboratory , , , which permit the search of the most stable structures of the molecular clusters adsorbed on substrate, such as the complex systems of [H2-Ptn-doped Graphene]. The third part is to evaluate the reliabilities of the global search method used, as well as the DFT and the empirical (GUPTA) potential energy surface. Thus, the main discussion appears as a comparison with the results of the literature concerning the Pt clusters. The fourth part consists of the structural investigation of [H2-Ptn] and [H2-Ptn-doped Graphene] systems for different sizes of Pt clusters with n=6 to n=20. The variation of the adsorption energy of H2 on the free and supported Ptn clusters, and the adsorption energy of (H2+Ptn) system on the surface with respect to the size of the cluster is discussed
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Lünskens, Tobias [Verfasser], Ulrich Kaspar [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Heiz, and Reinhard [Gutachter] Nießner. "Size-dependent Plasmonic Properties of Supported Silver Clusters and Cluster-Molecule Complexes / Tobias Lünskens ; Gutachter: Ulrich Kaspar Heiz, Reinhard Nießner ; Betreuer: Ulrich Kaspar Heiz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114885169/34.

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Jochmann, Kira [Verfasser]. "Scanning tunneling microscopy and femtosecond laser photoemission spectroscopy of supported cluster structures: A new experimental approach / Kira Jochmann." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075253179/34.

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Zhao, Wei. "Dehydrogenation mechanisms of methyl-cyclohexane on γ-alumina supported platinum subnanometric-clusters : DFT coupled with experimental kinetics and kinetic modelling". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN052/document.

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Le reformage catalytique vise à transformer les naphtas en aromatiques à haut indice d'octane et à produire simultanément du dihydrogène. Le catalyseur utilisé est composé d’agrégats sub-nanométriques à base de platine hautement dispersées sur un support d’alumine-gamma dont le comportement en réaction pose de nombreuses questions. Nous étudions expérimentalement et théoriquement une réaction modèle qui sonde les sites métalliques, la déshydrogénation du methyl-cyclohexane en toluène. Une compréhension détaillée à l'échelle atomique des mécanismes impliqués et des paramètres cinétiques est nécessaire. Nous avons mise en œuvre des calculs DFT (PBE et PBE-dDsC) sur un modèle pertinent Pt13/alumine-gamma, afin de déterminer les intermédiaires, les états de transition et leurs enthalpies libres. Le mécanisme a été exploré via des étapes séquentielles de rupture des liaisons C-H. Une reconstruction des agrégats se produit le long du chemin réactionnel, mettant en évidence sa fluctionalité (confirmée par dynamique moléculaire). Les enthalpies libres d’activation de la rupture C-H, de migration d’hydrogène et de reconstruction de l’agrégat ont été systématiquement déterminées à T=625 K. L'enthalpie libre la plus élevée (ΔrG‡=95 kJ/mol) est trouvée pour la troisième rupture de liaison C-H sur le methyl-cyclohexène. L'intermédiaire le plus stable est le produit adsorbé {toluène+H2}. Cependant, d’autres étapes de rupture C-H ou de désorption du toluène sont compétitives. Les constantes de vitesse des étapes élémentaires obtenues par DFT sont introduites dans 8 modèles cinétiques différents de type Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH). La nature de l'étape déterminante de la vitesse a été choisie en fonction des constantes de vitesse de chaque étape élémentaire individuelle, ou de la prise en compte de séquences d’étapes limitantes, grâce à une analyse de type « energetic span ». Nous avons finalement expérimentalement réalisé des tests catalytiques sur Pt/γ-alumine (0.3 wt% Pt) à différentes températures, temps de contact, pressions partielles d’hydrogène et de méthylcyclohexane, pour obtenir des données cinétiques expérimentales. L'enthalpie d'activation apparente de 196 kJ/mol calculée par l’un des meilleurs modèles LH (3ème rupture C-H limitante) est proche de l’expérience (195 kJ/mol). De plus, l’évolution des vitesses de réaction en fonction des pressions partielles d'hydrogène et de méthylcyclohexane est discutée au regard de l’expérience et des modèles. Même si les tendances sont recouvrées par les modèles, des écarts théorie-expérience sont mis au jour, ce qui ouvre des perspectives vers une modélisation microcinétique future<br>Catalytic reforming aims at transforming naphta into high octane aromatics and producing simultaneously dihydrogen. The catalyst used is composed of platinum-based sub-nanometric clusters highly dispersed on a gamma-alumina support which behavior under reaction conditions is the subject of numerous questions. We investigate experimentally and theoretically one model reaction probing the metal sites, the dehydrogenation of methyl-cyclohexane into toluene. A detailed atomic scale understanding of the mechanisms involved, and their related kinetic parameters, is required. We undertook DFT calculations with PBE and PBE-dDsC functionals on a relevant Pt13/γ-alumina model, in order to determine the intermediates, transition states and their free energies. The reaction mechanism was explored by assuming sequential C-H breaking steps. Reconstructions of the cluster and hydrogen migrations occur along the reaction pathway, highlighting its high fluctionality (also confirmed by molecular dynamics). Free energies of activation for C-H bond breaking, H migration and cluster’s reconstruction were systematically determined at T=625 K. The highest activation Gibbs free energy (ΔrG‡=95 kJ/mol) is found for the third C-H bond breaking on methyl-cyclohexene, while the most stable intermediate is the {toluene+H2} adsorbed product. However, other C-H bond breaking steps and eventually toluene desorption may compete. A comparison with the Pt (111) surface is also given. Rate constants of elementary steps estimated by DFT are introduced in 8 Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) kinetic models based on a single rate determining step (RDS) concept, or on a limiting steps sequence deduced from an energetic span analysis. We finally carried out experimental tests on Pt/γ-alumina catalysts (0.3 wt% Pt) at various temperatures, space times, hydrogen and methyl-cyclohexane partial pressures, to provide experimental kinetic data. The calculated apparent activation enthalpy is predicted to be 196 kJ/mol in close agreement with the experimental one (195 kJ/mol) for the best LH model (third C-H bond breaking as RDS). Moreover, the dependence of reaction rates on hydrogen and methyl-cyclohexane partial pressures are discussed with respect to experimental trends and models. Although the main trends are recovered by the kinetic model, some discrepancies are revealed. This work paves the way for a future microkinetic modeling
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Iyemperumal, Satish Kumar. "Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Fuels using Dispersed Atomic-Size Catalysts." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/505.

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Record high CO2 emissions in the atmosphere and the need to find alternative energy sources to fossil fuels are major global challenges. Conversion of CO2 into useful fuels like methanol and methane can in principle tackle both these environment and energy concerns. One of the routes to convert CO2 into useful fuels is by using supported metal catalyst. Specifically, metal atoms or clusters (few atoms large in size) supported on oxide materials are promising catalysts. Experiments have successfully converted CO2 to products like methanol, using TiO2 supported Cu atoms or clusters. How this catalyst works and how CO2 conversion could be improved is an area of much research. We used a quantum mechanical tool called density functional theory (DFT) to obtain atomic and electronic level insights in the CO2 reduction processes on TiO2 supported metal atoms and clusters. We modeled small Cu clusters on TiO2 surface, which are experimentally synthesizable. Our results show that the interfacial sites in TiO2 supported Cu are able to activate CO2 into a bent configuration that can be further reduced. The Cu dimer was found to be the most reactive for CO2 activation but were unstable catalysts. Following Cu, we also identified other potential metal atoms that can activate CO2. Compared to expensive and rare elements like Pt, Au, and Ir, we found several early and mid transition metals to be potentially active catalysts for CO2 reduction. Because the supported metal atom or cluster is a reactive catalyst, under reaction conditions they tend to undergo aggregation and/or oxidation to form larger less active catalysts. We chose Co, Ni, and Cu group elements to study their catalyst stability under oxidizing reaction conditions. Based on the thermodynamics of Cu oxidation and kinetics of O2 dissociation, we found that TiO2 supported Cu atom or a larger Cu tetramer cluster were the likely species observed in experiments. Our work provides valuable atomic-level insights into improving the CO2 reduction activities and predicts potential catalysts for CO2 reduction to valuable fuels.
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Teng, Die. "Computational studies of transition metal nanoclusters on metal-supported graphene moiré." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51830.

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The graphene moiré superstructure formed on Ru(0001) (g/Ru(0001)) has shown the potential as a template to self-assemble super-lattices of metal nanoparticles as model catalysts. To explore the possibility of rational catalyst design on g/Ru(0001), detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to investigate the adsorption and diffusion of Rh and Au adatoms on g/Ru(0001). The consequences of different hopping rates for cluster nucleation have been explored by performing Monte Carlo-based statistical analysis, which suggests that diffusing species other than adatoms need to be taken into account to develop an accurate description of cluster nucleation and growth on this surface. DFT calculations have also been carried out to investigate the adsorption and diffusion of 18 4d (Y-Ag) and 5d (La-Au) transition metal adatoms on g/Ru(0001). Given the necessity to study larger diffusing species than adatoms, DFT calculations have been performed to study the adsorption and diffusion of Rh and Au dimers and trimers on g/Ru(0001). It was shown that the mobility of Rh clusters decreases with the increase of cluster size, while for Au, dimers diffuse faster than monomers and trimers on the moiré surface. We then used a genetic algorithm combined with DFT calculations to predict the lowest energy structure of a Au8 cluster on g/Ru(0001). Our prediction leads us to propose that Au clusters aggregates through Oswald ripening with Au dimer being the major diffusing species. Finally, we examined the morphology of a Cu19 cluster on g/Cu(111) using MD simulations with COMB3 potential. We also studied the mobility of Cu clusters on g/Cu(111) at elevated temperatures. The analysis suggests that g/Cu(111) may not be a suitable substrate for the formation and growth of isolated Cu clusters. All these calculation results have provided us a better understanding and useful insights into the nucleation and growth mechanism of metal clusters on graphene moiré.
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Books on the topic "Supported cluster"

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Grimaud, Christele-Marine. Deposition and spectroscopy of supported metal clusters. University of Birmingham, 2000.

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Schweinberger, Florian Frank. Catalysis with Supported Size-selected Pt Clusters. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01499-9.

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Lambert, Richard M., and Gianfranco Pacchioni, eds. Chemisorption and Reactivity on Supported Clusters and Thin Films. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8911-6.

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Yang, Zhenshan. The role of economic clusters in improving urban planning support =: Economische clusters en een betere ondersteuning van de stedelijke planning. ITC, 2010.

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Jamieson, Peter Andrew. Cables: Thread and memory extensions to support a single shared virtual memory cluster image. National Library of Canada, 2002.

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Kochetova, Zhanna, Natal'ya Maslova, and Oleg Bazarskiy. Aviation and missile clusters and the environment. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1544137.

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The monograph introduces a new concept - the aviation and missile cluster as a new class of objects of geo-ecological monitoring, united by the solution of identical strategic tasks of the state, the interconnection of its structural elements, the identity of priority contaminants and products of their transformation.&#x0D; The scientific and methodological apparatus of complex geoecological monitoring of territories under the influence of objects of aviation and space activities is presented, including predictive models of the spread and transformation of priority contaminants in environmental objects, taking into account their physical and chemical properties, geographical and climatic features of the studied territory; algorithms and methods for assessing the environmental situation in the area of the aviation and rocket cluster to support management decisions on conducting rehabilitation and preventive medical and environmental measures.&#x0D; The proposed scientific and methodological apparatus improves the quality of the assessment of the geoecological situation while reducing the cost of monitoring the territory of the aviation and missile cluster.&#x0D; The scientific results obtained by the authors based on the results of eleven-year geoecological monitoring of a typical aviation and rocket cluster located within the city of Voronezh and including an airfield of state aviation and a test complex of launch vehicles are presented.&#x0D; For a wide range of readers interested in environmental problems of scientific and technological progress.
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United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa. UN system support to the African Union Capacity Building Programme: Diagnosis and work programme of RCM-Africa clusters. UNECA, 2012.

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Hussain, S. Jaffer (Syed Jaffer) and ebrary Inc, eds. Oracle 11g R1/R2 real application clusters essentials: Design, implement, and support complex Oracle 11g RAC environments for real-world deployments. Packt Enterprise Pub., 2011.

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Here, Enter. Business/Financial Operations Support Cluster. Delmar Thomson Learning, 1998.

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Haberland, Hellmut. Clusters of Atoms and Molecules II: Solvation and Chemistry of Free Clusters, and Embedded, Supported and Compressed Clusters. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Supported cluster"

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Schweinberger, Florian Frank. "Cluster Catalysts Under Applied Conditions." In Catalysis with Supported Size-selected Pt Clusters. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01499-9_5.

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Tan, Wenan, Xi Fang, Lu Zhao, and Anqiong Tang. "Anomaly Detection Algorithm Based on Cluster of Entropy." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3044-5_26.

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Mason, M. G. "Photoemission Studies of Supported Metal Clusters, the Early Years." In Cluster Models for Surface and Bulk Phenomena. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6021-6_11.

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Wang, Wangsong, and Yan Tang. "Watershed Flood Forecasting Based on Cluster Analysis and BP Neural Network." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3044-5_37.

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Coletta, Marco, Euan K. Brechin, and Scott J. Dalgarno. "Structural Trends in Calix[4]arene-Supported Cluster Chemistry." In Calixarenes and Beyond. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31867-7_25.

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Santen, R. A. "Theory of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactivity Using the Cluster Approximation." In Chemisorption and Reactivity on Supported Clusters and Thin Films. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8911-6_13.

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Pacchioni, G. "Cluster Modelling of Oxide Surfaces: Structure, Adsorption and Reactivity." In Chemisorption and Reactivity on Supported Clusters and Thin Films. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8911-6_14.

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Zanoni, R. "X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Applied to Pure and Supported Molecular Metal Clusters." In Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1294-7_5.

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Rösch, N., and G. Pacchioni. "Density Functional Cluster Calculations on Metal Deposition at Oxide Surfaces." In Chemisorption and Reactivity on Supported Clusters and Thin Films. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8911-6_12.

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Zheng, Lanqin. "Analysis of Co-regulation Behavioral Patterns by Cluster and Sequential Analysis in CSCL." In Knowledge Building and Regulation in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1972-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Supported cluster"

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Saygın, Muhammet, and Himmet Karadal. "An Analysis of Cultural Tourism Cluster: The Case of Aksaray Province." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00292.

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A business cluster is a geographic concentration of interconnected businesses, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field. Clusters are considered to increase the productivity with which companies can compete, nationally and globally, so the cluster arises because it provides the increase of productivity and innovation abilities; for this reason its development should be supported not only by central governments but also by the local authorities. It is a known fact that tourism, one of the most effective aims for development, is considered to be a leading factor in cultural, economical and social perspectives through cluster types. In this study, the potential of cultural tourism cluster and competitiveness of Aksaray province has been analyzed in terms of Porter’s Diamond Model. Several data sources including strategic development plan and academic literature have been taken into consideration. In this regard, findings about whether there is really a tourism cluster in Aksaray province have been stated and recommendations have been suggested to empower the innovative advantage of cultural tourism cluster.
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Petri, Ioan, Omer Rana, Yacine Rezgui, et al. "Cloud Supported Building Data Analytics." In 2014 14th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccgrid.2014.29.

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Chen, Siguang, Zhihao Wang, and Kewei Sha. "Cluster-Aware Kronecker Supported Data Collection for Sensory Data." In 2018 27th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2018.8487437.

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Wenzheng, Li, and Shi Hongyan. "Novel algorithm for load balancing in cluster systems." In 2010 14th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2010.5471937.

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Huang, Feipeng, and Xiangyang Li. "Cluster supply chain cooperation based on multi-agent." In 2010 14th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2010.5471961.

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Chen, Qingkui. "Cooperative Learning Model of Agents in Multi-cluster Grid." In 2007 11th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2007.4281472.

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Jiang, Zhan, Lanfen Lin, Guorong Wang, and Shuai Yang. "Research on enterprise interoperability for cluster supply chain." In 2012 IEEE 16th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2012.6221867.

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Liu, Xiyu, and Hong Liu. "Topological Cluster: A Generalized View for Density-based Spatial Clustering." In 2007 11th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2007.4281401.

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Zhu, Yumeng, Xiaodong Zhang, and Yang Hu. "Cluster analysis of participants of open source design community." In 2016 IEEE 20th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2016.7565965.

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Wang, Feng, Meng Wang, Shuai Yang, and Lanfen Lin. "Research on semantic-based knowledge service for cluster supply chain." In 2012 IEEE 16th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2012.6221865.

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Reports on the topic "Supported cluster"

1

Adams, Richard D., and Michael D. Amiridis. Synthesis and Characterization of Cluster-Derived Supported Bimetallic Catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/939369.

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Gonzalez, R. D. The formation of supported bimetallic clusters: The effect of support-metal precursor interactions. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163134.

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Metiu, Horia. Theoretical Studies of Catalysis on Supported Metal Clusters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442760.

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Synowczynski, Jennifer, Jan W. Andzelm, and D. G. Vlachos. DFT Study of H2 Combustion on alphaAl2O3 Supported Pt Clusters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada491362.

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Reifenberger, R. (Electronic and structural properties of individual nanometer-size supported metallic clusters). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5871939.

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Storch, Steven B., and Jonathan G. Cole. Wideband Connectivity and Support for Cronus Cluster at USAF Electronic Systems Division. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada210749.

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Reifenberger, R. [Electronic and structural properties of individual nanometer-size supported metallic clusters]. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10115501.

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Reifenberger, R. [Electronic and structural properties of individual nanometer-size supported metallic clusters]. Final performance report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10177319.

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Landman, Uzi, Dennis Farmer, Michael R. Berman, and Vanessa TAYLOR. Support of the ISSPIC10 Conference: 10th International Symposium of Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada389083.

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Smalley, Rebecca, Emmanuel Sulle, Ngala Chome, Ana Duarte, and Euclides Gonçalves. Agricultural Investment Corridors in Africa: Does Smallholder and Women's Participation Count? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.021.

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Agricultural development corridors and clusters are highly complex projects that have been driven in Africa by agribusiness and mining corporations, host governments, international donors and development finance institutions. There is interest in whether these projects can support inclusive agribusiness. Evidence shows that involvement of small-scale economic actors in such initiatives is often impeded by a failure to grant them participation or a voice. We therefore investigated if and how recent corridors and clusters in Africa have been able to achieve the meaningful engagement of small-scale economic actors, with a focus on smallholders, including pastoralists, and the women among them.
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