Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Troubles du développement chez l'enfant'
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Leunen, Dorothée. "Etude du développement de la mémoire sémantique chez l’enfant sain et de l’impact d’une atteinte hippocampique uni ou bilatérale." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H126.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to improve our knowledge on the semantic memory functioning during childhood and adolescence. For this, two research topics are suggested: (1) the evaluation and the study of the normal development of semantic memory; (2) its dysfunction in the presence of a unilateral or bilateral hippocampal lesions. Our first research focuses on the creation of eleven original tests of verbal and nonverbal semantic memory. Their validation with 193 healthy children aged 9 to 16 years indicates a considerable influence of the age and the grade level on the development of semantic memory. However, all areas of semantic knowledge do not follow the same developmental trajectories. Our second study, involving the assessment of 27 young patients undergoing surgery for temporal or frontal epilepsy, shows that some semantic knowledge could be dysfunctional during development. In particular, the temporal surgery seems to cause a specific impairment of semantic memory, indicating a significant involvement of temporal structures in the acquisition of semantic knowledge. Our third study focuses on childhood permanent amnesic syndromes by providing two cases studies. Using our assessment battery, we demonstrate that disorders of semantic memory could coexist with those traditionally identified in episodic memory
Makanga, Jean Bernard. "Développement et prématurité de l'enfant gabonais issu de milieu rural : Cas des enfants Punu et Fang âgés de 3 à 24 mois. Etude comparative." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL357.
Full textMinor-Corriveau, Michèle. "Étude normative sur le développement de la parole et du langage chez l'enfant franco-ontarien : normalisation et validation du Profil de la langue, du langage et de la parole (PLLP)." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2013. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2066.
Full textHodgson, Catherine. "Associations entre les difficultés langagières à l'enfance et le développement relationnel à l'adolescence." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69619.
Full textMedjkane, François. "Position autistique, position psychotique : pour une perspective psychopatologique des troubles envahissants du développement de l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC087/document.
Full textFrom clinical experience of psychiatry practice in a French department for mental health, this work is focused on defining psychopathological specificities which are encountered in children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) from described in ICD 10.A literature review from a historical and comprehensive perspective has allowed us to generate a research hypothesis. The autistic position would be correlated with autistic PDD and the psychotic position would be correlated with non-autistic PDD.For this project, we implemented a retrospective study based on a clinical population of children who have been evaluated with standard multidisciplinary assessments, done in the Nord-Pas de Calais’s Centre Resource Autisme.Through different observations, we could support the hypothesis that there is a difference between autistic PDD children and non-autistic PDD children in their affective and emotional relationship with the World.Thanks to this description of psychopathological particularities, this study takes us a step closer to offering each child with PDD the best individual support possible
Arp, Sandrine. "Le subitizing chez l'enfant IMC : approche différentielle et développementale." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H007.
Full textThe factors likely to influence the emergence and the development of subitizing were analyzed, by testing a group of cerebral palsied (CP) children. The first study evaluates the CP children's subitizing limit, and its link with motor ability implied in the counting process. The second study compares subitizing, pattern recognition, and visuo-spatial abilities. Finally, a third study examines the effect of reversing the figure/background on subitizing limit. Most CP children have a lower subitizing limit than control children of the same age. However, subitizing limit improves with age in both groups, whatever the reversing of figure/background. CP children's subitizing limit appears to be delayed by visuo-spatial deficiency. It is likely that this deficiency does not allow a normal recognizing and memorizing of visual patterns. These results are congruent with the pattern recognition models of subitizing, and suggest that visuo-spatial routines are necessary to memorize these patterns
Bruneau-Bhérer, Rosée. "Le développement de la cognition sociale chez les enfants et ses liens avec le fonctionnement social dans les troubles du spectre de l'autisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24160.
Full textGharbi, Abdelhamid. "Les helminthiases intestinales et leur incidence sur le développement staturo-pondéral et la scolarité des enfants de la région du cap-bon." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON13502.
Full textGervais-Comte, Isabelle. "Intelligence sociale chez l'enfant présentant des troubles sévères du langage et de la communication : étude au moyen d'une échelle d'évaluation clinique." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29002.
Full textPerformances in social abilities of everyday life were studied in children with specific language impairment or POO (pervasive developmental disorders). Comparison was made with normal children, children with intellectual deficiencies and dyslexic children. Language abilities and social cognition abilities, development of theory of mind being likely to go along with the development of language The second objective is to establish normative values for the EASE scale. Hence, 327 normal children of various age were tested. Results show a significant effect of age on mentalisation development and results confirm that this ability is acquired between 3 and 5 years old. Normative values have been thus established. This study may allow to propose the EASE scale as a tool to help diagnose, in particular to help make different/al diagnosis of pathologies leading to troubles of language and personality in young children, such as "POO" (atypic autism among others) and "SLI". To have clinical tools which enable to make a diagnosis in younger children. The EASE scale therefore presents greatest importance
Mallau, Sophie. "Orientation posturale et stratégies d'équilibre : développement et adaptation chez l'enfant et l'adolescent porteurs d'anomalies de torsion du squelette." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOMU12.
Full textThis work studies the consequences of local musculo-skeletal abnormalities in children and adolescents, from a double perspective of postural control which dissociates the functions of orientation and stabilisation. Stabilisation, orientation and sensory integration have been studied using locomotors tasks and a paradigm of slow oscillations of a support. Whatever the level of torsion considered (lower part of the body or the spine), the results show that the pelvis stabilisation on space is preserved, while the head stabilisation is affected. Furthermore, sensory integration progresses according to gradual and linear processes, particularly slow to mature. The conclusion is that during ontogenesis, postural adaptations benefit from the redundancy of a system in construction which allows the existence of local musculo-skeletal abnormalities without challenging the functional principles of the construction of spatial reference frames and without defeating the posturo-kinetic performances
Gaudet, Isabelle. "Étude exploratoire de l'efficacité de bouchons auriculaires sur l'attention et les comportements d'enfants présentant un trouble envahissant du développement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25452/25452.pdf.
Full textScheidnes, Maureen. "L'acquisition du français L2 chez l'enfant : développement typique versus atypique." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2021/document.
Full textResearch on children acquiring a second language (L2 children) and children with SLI has revealed similarities in their morphosyntactic performance. This study seeks to better understand how children acquire an L2 in order to distinguish typical from atypical L2 acquisition. A longitudinal study of clausal embedding and error rates was made based on spontaneous language samples of 22 English-speaking children (aged 6;9-12;7) acquiring French as an L2 and 19 monolingual French-speaking children with SLI (aged 6;5-12;11). The results revealed that L2 children used clausal embedding more often than the children with SLI, but the SLI and L2 had similar error rates. Analyses of the frequency of embedding and errors revealed correlations that were positive in the L2 group and negative in the SLI. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for the identification of SLI in L2 children
Avril-Brintet, Isabelle. "Constitution et expansion de la masse endocrine pancréatique chez le rat : implication des hormones lactogéniques." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA11T061.
Full textThis work was undertaken to characterize the role of lactogenic hormones on the development and expansion of beta-cell mass. As a model of beta-cell mass expansion we chose pregnancy, which is under the positive control of lactogenic hormones. Improved lactogenic activity leads to increased proliferation at day 12 of pregnancy. As a consequence, beta-cell mass is doubled at the end of pregnancy, and these adaptations are preferentially located in the head of the pancreas. Female rats that have been malnourished during their perinatal life are unable to adapt their beta-cell mass to pregnancy. Although lactogenic activity is enhanced compared to control females, altered proliferation is responsible for this impaired adaptation to pregnancy. Interestingly, these alterations are exclusively located in the head part of the pancreas. Fetuses issued from these females show fewer PDX-1 positive cells number at embryonic day 14, leading to a decreased beta and alpha cell fraction, later at E20, indicating that the alterations induced by malnutrition in the first generation could be transmittable to the next generation. The developmental role of lactogenic hormones was studied using an animal model lacking the ability to transduce lactogenic signals: the prolactin receptor knockout mice. The influence of lactogenic hormones was demonstrated by the reduction of beta-cell mass in young and adult transgenic mice. This alteration was associated with decreased islet number per cm2 at both ages and similarly in male and female mice, suggesting a role of lactogenic stimuli on neogenesis. In addition, the establishment of normal islet size is delayed and metabolic disorders were observed throughout life in mice lacking lactogenic stimuli. All together this work specifies, in vivo, the role of lactogenic hormones on beta-cell mass expansion in adults. It also suggests a new role for lactogenic hormones during beta-cell mass establishment, particularly on islet formation (neogenesis)
Chaminaud, Stéphanie. "Développement de la compréhension du langage non littéral de 4 ans à l'âge adulte : aspects pragmatiques et métapragmatiques." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT5003.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study the comprehension and the metapragmatic knowledge of three forms of nonliteral language (indirect requests / hints, idioms and conversational implicatures) in same participants. The comprehension is evaluated with a paradigm which exhibits the characteristics of natural language-production situations and meets the methodological requirements of experimental method. The results show that the context drives the understanding at different ages according to the nonliteral language forms, that there is an acquisition order of nonliteral language forms and that metapragmatic knowledge also depends of language domain to be acquired. Moreover, we show that the comprehension of phonologic-syntactic language-impaired children is relatively preserved. In conclusion, nonliteral language should not be studied as a category acquired at a given age
Petitclerc, Amélie. "Mépris des règles chez les jeunes enfants : trajectoires de développement, facteurs de risque précoces et étiologie génétique-environnementale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25919/25919.pdf.
Full textSénéchal, Anne-Marie. "Déficits moteurs mineurs chez les enfants nés très prématurés âgés de 5 ans 9 mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25214/25214.pdf.
Full textTauziet, Véronique. "Exposition prénatale aux substances psychoactives : impact sur le développement de l'enfant. Revue bibliographique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23069.
Full textPeyre, Hugo. "Épidémiologie du développement cognitif de l'enfant pendant la période préscolaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066617/document.
Full textIn this Thesis, we studied the cognitive development of children during the preschool period in a French longitudinal cohort: the EDEN prospective mother-child cohort (N = 2002). In the framework of cognitive epidemiology, we attempted to answer a variety of issues whose common denominator is the study of the sources of inter-individual variability. First, we identified the factors that predict change in language skills in a large sample of children between 2 and 3 years of age. Secondly, we determined whether early predictors of cognitive development affect some cognitive functions more than others. Thirdly, we examined the relationships between children’s language skills and symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention between 3 and 5.5 years. Fourthly, we determined whether high intelligence is associated with emotional, behavioral and social difficulties during the preschool period. Finally, we determined whether the developmental milestones at 4, 8, 12 and months predict children’s IQ at 5.5 years
Godin, Julie. "Interventions visant à améliorer l'engagement ludique dans les interactions sociales des enfants d'âge préscolaire présentant un Trouble du Spectre Autistique (TSA) : une "scoping study"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26129.
Full textPreschool-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience significant difficulties engaging in meaningful play. Enabling their playful engagement in social interactions, the foundation of social play, is an important objective for occupational therapists. However, little is known about which interventions promote this competency. This thesis presents the results of a conceptual clarification exercise in which several key behaviors associated with the construct of playful engagement in preschool-aged children with ASD were identified, plus the results of a scoping study which revealed a considerable number and variety of strategies as well as intervention approaches that are coherent with the promotion of playful engagement. These results provide specific guidance to occupational therapists about how to promote the meaningful social interactions of young children with ASD and provide different strategies that may be embedded by parents in their daily interactions with their children. Several directions for future research are presented.
Kabuth, Bernard. "Hôpital de jour, alliance thérapeutique et évolution clinique : évaluation longitudinale de 33 familles pendant deux ans." Nancy 2, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc242/2003NAN21012_1.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation first part is an especially North-American comprehensive review about therapeutic alliance empirical studies that relate alliance to patient psychotherapy outcome. The second literature review emphasizes the ways and tools using for Pervasive Developmental and conduct disorders intermediate and long outcomes. The two-year prospective own study in a French Child Psychatry Day-Hospital assesses relationship between therapeutic alliance and clinical progress. Thirty-three 3-10 year-old children (18 with pervasive developmental disorders and 15 with mixed behaviour disorders) were assessed regarding their symptom status and development progress, while receiving multi modal intervention package. Independantly, the treatment staff assessed the therapeutic alliance with the parents by standardized ratings on the French modified Helping Alliance questionnaire from Luborsky. The statistical study shows that a parent's good therapeutic alliance correlate significantly with the social functionning improvement but not regarding the symptom status. As North-American therapeutic alliance adult's studies, this first child psychatry unit study seems to show that the parent therapeutic alliance is a predictor factor of child outcome independently of gender, age and pathological child status
Grosmaitre, Catherine. "Développement atypique du langage dans le contexte de la chirurgie de l'épilepsie chez l'enfant." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H101/document.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to improve our knowledge on the development of language in the context of epilepsy surgery. Our aims were: (1) to highlight the impacts of drug-resistant epilepsy on the development of language, (2) to specify the linguistic profile depending on epilepsy side or resection topography, (3) to emphasize the abilities of functional reorganization and its limits after epilepsy surgery. Three neuropsychological studies were conducted in 53 children who suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy or who underwent a surgery. Our results show that developmental trajectory can be modified for the long term, which states as an essential key for critical period of language development. Linguistic deficits were observed whatever the side of epilepsy was, resulting probably of atypical organization of language. However deficits were more frequent and more severe in left-side epilepsy. Language scores were correlated with behavioral adaptation. Linguistic prognosis at postsurgery seems on the average positive but two risk factors appeared: intellectual limitation at presurgery and hippocampal sclerosis. The pattern of deficits may reflect the implication of both hemispheres for lexico-semantic process and the left specialization for morphosyntactic process. In addition, different linguistic profiles were highlighted depending on the topography of resection: weaknesses in morphosyntactic skills and phonological awareness in case of frontal resection and weaknesses in lexico-semantic skills in case of temporal resection. This reflects functional specialization of language cortical areas and the limits of their reorganization in the context of epilepsy. These studies demonstrate the stakes of exhaustive assessment to highlight specific linguistic profiles that allow refining the lines of remediation and academic education of these children
Flamand, Véronique. "Fonctionnement cérébral et coordination visuomotrice en prématurité : indicateurs cérébraux des difficultés fonctionnelles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27658/27658.pdf.
Full textInfante, Françoise. "Développement linguistique et particularités motrices et sensorielles chez l'enfant avec trouble du spectre autistique : utilisation des tablettes numériques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2040.
Full textThere is currently little data on the contribution of digital technology to language development in children with ASD. A research study was conducted over the course of 24 months among 20 children aged between 6 and 16 years to evaluate the language evolution and the sensory and motor characteristics. The digital tablet offered as a weekly individual intervention had a positive effect on language development and helped improve adaptive behaviors on a daily basis. The proposal for digital workshops based on 4 digital educational curriculum following on a bottom-up model, i.e. targeting the learning of phonology to vocabulary, semantics, syntax and pragmatics, promotes the linguistic and developmental progression of children. These results support a positive correlation between a progression of language and the evolution of adaptive behaviors in everyday life and in favor of a beneficial and significant contribution of digital in the cognitive interventions for children with ASD
Gomes, Valéria. "L’organisation des comportements d’attachement chez l’enfant avec des troubles spécifiques du développement du langage." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20003/document.
Full textThis study aims to characterize the linguistic and developmental profile of a population of Portuguese-speaking children with specific language impairment (SLI) and analyze, within the context of attachment theory, how the SLI child uses his mother as a secure base, compared to children without language disorders. In the other eAs a final point, we tried to study the predictive value of attachment and developmental variables in the language skills of children. The participants of our study were 83 mother-child dyads (children aged 4-5 years), divided into two groups. Through various measures of language and AQS (Waters, 1995), we found that these children: 1) present, in pre-school age, severe alterations of language, though their profiles are very heterogeneous; 2) are mostly boys, with a ratio of 3:1; 3) show a lower quality of attachment security, when compared with their peers without language alterations, as well as less attachment behaviors, such as smooth interaction, proximity and physical contact with the mother. It was also found that attachment and tobacco use, relationship with friends and family background are predictors of the linguistic difficulties of these children, as well as of language acquisition timing, explaining 7% to 21% of the variance
Remigereau, Chrystelle. "L'utilisation d'outil chez l'enfant : approche neuropsychologique du développement normal et du Trouble de l'Acquisition de la Coordination." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0045/document.
Full textDeficits in daily living activities are one of the diagnostic criteria of the Developmental Coordination Disorder(DCD). Despite their impact on child’s autonomy, tooluse disorders involved in these daily activities remainunder-assessed (e.g., underlying processes,interpersonal profiles, persistence disease). To ourknowledge, there is no theoretical framework of tool useformulated in a specifically developmental perspective.This concept actually remains at the crossroads between models of the perceptual-motor development and theories about cognitive processes of problem resolution in children. Recent models developed inadults with apraxia suggest that tool use is a dialectical process between a technical reasoning (i.e., abstractanalysis of technical means and ends) and sensory motorskills (i.e., managed by the representations on the mechanical transformations to be operated). According to these models, we first aim to analyze the typical development of tool use and the underlying processes.We then explore the assumption of an atypical development of tool use in children with DCD. Ourfindings provide evidence for the involvement of technical reasoning in typical development of tool use.From a clinical perspective, the analysis of tool use impairment and underlying deficits confirm the relevance of such an assessment for the validation of the diagnostic criteria of the DCD
Nadeau, Line. "Prématurité et problèmes de comportement à l'âge scolaire : facteurs et processus impliqués." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0009/NQ36307.pdf.
Full textCouëtoux-Jungman, Francine. "Bilinguisme, petite enfance et parentalité : intérêt de l'évaluation et de l'élaboration du contexte linguistique et des langues adressées à l'enfant dans les difficultés précoces de développement." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H114.
Full textThe children growing in context of bilingualism or plurilingualism represent approximately a quarter of the population of the Paris area (Déprez, 2008). Early bilingualism is recognized today as a factor favorable to the development of the child whose cerebral plasticity makes it possible to integrate successively or simultaneously several linguistic systems. But bilingualism remains nevertheless perceived in a way contrasted because of its apparent Complexity. So the children growing in contact with several languages are not always encouraged in their bilingualism. Our research carries on a population of children of the Unit Early childhood and Parentality. Clinical observations will allow the formulation of assumptions concerning of the bonds between the family linguistic context and the development of the babies. Two factors are studied from a statistical point of view: impact of the maintenance of the mother tongue and that of the impact of the maintenance of the mother tongue and that of the type of bilingualism on the early interactions and the development of the child. The early communication of the parents with their baby in bilingual or multilingual context is the subject of a qualitative study. Actions of valorization and support of the family languages are presented. This research aims at knowing on the role of the context of bilingualism or plurilingualism in the quality of the early interactions of the parents with their baby and in the development of the young child. It also aims at evaluating the interest of therapeutic programs taking of account the family languages surrounding the young child in his acquisition of the language
Costini, Orianne. "Développement atypique des praxies chez l’enfant : une approche neuropsychologique." Thesis, Angers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ANGE0029/document.
Full textSpecific deficit in praxic (or gestural) development are diagnosed as Dyspraxia or Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Understanding them proves problematic, both when defining the concepts of praxis/motor coordination and when providing a theoretical analysis of the deficits they cover. In the absence of theory specifically related to children, knowledge about atypical development of praxis is gleaned by applying « adult » models, without really understanding whether this is appropriate. The aim of this thesis is to explore the arguments underlying the hypothesis of a specific deficit in praxis development. Tasks were selected based on adult cognitive models of praxis processing in order to enable a comprehensive and theoretically analysis of gestures. We also examined different cognitive functions involved in the praxis development: perception (both visual and spatial), executive functions (planning, flexibility, inhibition) and oral comprehension. The performance of children diagnosed as dyspraxic or DCD is compared to those considered to show typical development in two studies: on groups and multiple case studies. Our results show various difficulties in producing gestures, mostly inconstant in case studies, and related to deficits that are not specifically gestural. Given the heterogeneity of the disorders that we found, this thesis is aimed at deconstructing the concept of specific deficit in praxis development in favour of an analysis that does not confuse gestural problems with other deficits made apparent through gesture
Moro, Anne. "Prise en charge de l'hermaphrodisme vrai chez l'enfant : à propos de vingt-neuf observations : étude clinique, biologique, radiologique, génétique, thérapeutique et résultats à long terme." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23101.
Full textPlanchou, Clément. "Traitement auditifs non verbaux et troubles du développement du langage oral : perception et production musicales." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30034.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to determine whether the auditory deficit of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is specific to verbal stimuli, and to examine the relation between language and musical abilities in these children. We tested 18 children with SLI and groups of children with Typical Language Development (TLD) aged from 7 to 12 years. In the first study, we examined syllable detection in sung and spoken sentences. Results confirmed the detection syllable deficit in children with SLI. However, we did not observe a facilitation effect of sung over spoken stimuli. In the second study, we explored musical perception abilities in the same children with the MBEMA (Peretz et al. 2013). Our results showed that a large proportion of the children with SLI present deficits in melodic and rhythmic perception. A positive correlation was found between scores in Rhythm and phonological awareness tasks, documenting a link between language and temporal processing in children with SLI. In the third study, we assessed singing abilities in children with SLI: we created a singing reproduction task and tested the pitch matching condition and the melodic reproduction condition. The SLI showed deficits for both conditions. These results suggested deficits in music perception and production in children with SLI for most of them and that development of phonological awareness abilities seems related to the auditory temporal processing in music. The findings seem to support the existence a more general auditory dysfunction in a majority of children with SLI emphasizing the relevance of systematically assessing nonverbal abilities for the diagnostic and rehabilitation of SLI
Said, Mohamed Rihlat. "Adaptation à la malnutrition dans les sociétés en transition nutritionnelle : étude des déterminants biologiques, sociaux et culturels du développement du surpoids chez les enfants en retard de croissance à Yaoundé (Cameroun)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0017.
Full textLeroy, Sandrine. "Troubles de la généralisation dans les grammaires de construction chez des enfants présentant des troubles spécifiques du langage." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100219/document.
Full textConstruction grammars argue that language structures progressively emerge thanks to the use of general cognitive processes. Theoretical hypotheses suggest that complexity and structure of morphosyntactic forms can only be explained in a constructivist perspective in which children develop their new forms by making more complex and generalizing their own prior utterances. These hypotheses have been already tested with children with typical language development (TLD) but few studies were interested in children with specific language impairment (SLI). These hypotheses give new interesting theoretical perspectives for apprehending their language disorders better. Children with SLI present a lack of syntactic productivity and a more important input dependency. These observations are compatible with the hypothesis of a lack of generalization of construction schemas. Consequently, the children’s abstraction of construction schemas would be slowed down compared to children with TLD’s abstraction. The current doctoral thesis studies the hypothesis of a lack of generalization in children with SLI by analyzing more particularly the role of analogical mapping. The results obtained are promising and in agreement with our hypothesis. If studies about the role of analogical mapping as a factor explaining the disorders in children with SLI are attractive, other considerations have still to be explored for strengthening our hypotheses
Collard, Sébastien. "Développement normal et pathologique des fonctions exécutives d'après trois tests d'inhibition cognitive." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60707.pdf.
Full textBarakat, Bouchra. "L'évaluation des compétences langagières des enfants par leurs parents dans le développement normal et pathologique." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0048.
Full textThe objective of this work was to design a written questionnaire that examines the oral language development of normal children and children with specific language impairment depending on the evaluation of parents. In this perspective, we conducted three studies with two groups(normal children, children with specific language impairment)to study the impact of sociodemographic factors on language and to compare the language between the normal children and children with specific language impairment (SLI) and finally to conduct a study of profile. To achieve our objectives a questionnaire was designed concerning 5 axes of language (praxis / articulation, phonology, syntax, semantics,pragmatics) designed for parents of normal children and dysphasia. The comparison between two samples showed inferior performance in SLI than in normal children at all axesThe results have objectified a highly significant effect of child's age on all axis of the questionnaire for the normal population. Similarly, a significant effect of gender of the child on the syntactic axis. However, our data did not reveal asignificant effect of most of sociodemographic factors for the SLI population. Profiling children with SLI showed performance loss, and other preserved, by the type of SLI andit proved a correspondence between the assessment of parentsand the diagnosis made by specialists. Finally, the questionnaire appears to be a good tool to provide indicators of language development and early detection of children atrisk for specific oral language disorders
Loquette, Sabrina. "Régulation émotionnelle et tempérament chez l'enfant typique ou porteur d'un trouble du spectre autistique : mise au point d'outils d'évaluation." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR123.
Full textAt the heart of this thesis is the study of the expression of Emotion Regulation (ER) and temperament during middle childhood. Unfortunately, few satisfactory scales are available in French. Thus, a first questionnaire has been developed for assessing skills of ER and a second scale has been translated to provide a characterization of temperament in children. Parental reports indicate decreased use of interpersonal ER, which suggests that with age, children learn to regulate their emotions, and to use intrapersonal strategies in order to cope with positive as well as negative emotions. On the contrary, expression of temperament appears to be stable during middle childhood, and these results are in agreement with literature. Finally, in a pilot research, we have compared the expression of ER and temperament of 8 boys with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) matched on chronological age with 8 boys with typical development. According to parental reports, children with ASD use less interpersonal ER and present more difficulties to regulate intense emotions (A-RE) in comparison to typical children. Intragroup analysis revealed two patterns of ER in children with ASD. These patterns differ precisely in regards to the intrapersonal ER and A-ER. Association between profiles of ER and different profiles of temperament highlight that temperamental dimension of effortful control is linked to the level of A-ER. As until now the emotional difficulties frequently encountered/reported in children with ASD have never been mentioned in terms of temperament, the results of this thesis present new innovative theoretical and practical perspectives
Rechtman, Elza. "Cognition sociale et cerveau social dans les troubles du développement de l’enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB005/document.
Full textAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by abnormal social interactions. Eye-tracking studies have objectively reported social perception abnormalities in ASD, characterized by a decrease of gaze towards social stimuli. Brain imaging studies, using PET and SPECT methods, have revealed a decrease in cerebral blood flow (CSF) at rest in the temporal regions, particularly in the superior temporal sulcus (STS), in children with ASD. Nowadays, it is possible to measure rest CBF with MRI using arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence. In this thesis, we confirmed the decreased in rest CBF within the STS in children with ASD using MRI-ASL, which could allow its use as a biomarker in ASD. We also suggest that rest CBF could be a more relevant index for studying basic brain function in ASD. In addition, we performed a cross-sectional eye-tracking study using the same stimuli over a wide age-range and showed the impact of age on social perception in ASD and in typical development. Finally, we showed social perception abnormalities, using eye-tracking, and cortical functioning abnormalities within the STS using MRI-ASL, in children with posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. A better understanding of the social difficulties underlying this disorder could have a major impact on patient outcome
Trabelsi, Myriam. "Différences individuelles dans la stabilité des comportements maternels atypiques et liens avec l'écologie développementale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25598.
Full textAtypical maternal behaviors (measured with AMBIANCE) have been the subject of several recent studies . Accumulating evidence shows their connection with the development of disorganized attachment in children. However, very few data are available on their evolution over time and variables of family ecology that are likely to influence their appearance and development as the child grows. This is precisely what this study has attempted to do. Using a mixed sample, adult mothers (n = 44) and adolescents mothers ( n = 83) were observed interacting with their child when the child was age 6,10 and 15 months. Trajectory analysis revealed that the two groups of mothers differ across the six scales of AMBIANCE. The first group, forming the majority of mothers, showed a low average level of atypical maternal behavior and tended to maintain a low level or to reduce their use of atypical behaviors toward the child as he grew up. The other group of mothers, forming the minority, showed a medium to high level of atypical behavior and tended to increase their use over time. Among the variables of the family ecology studied, being a teenage mother, having lived several stressful life events during the past year and how the mothers perceive some elements of child temperament showed significant associations with trajectories of atypical maternal behavior.
Goulème, Nathalie. "Indicateurs posturaux et oculomoteurs impliquant l’intégration cérébelleuse dans les troubles neuro-développementaux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS020.
Full textPostural control involves cerebellar integration of several sensory inputs (vestibular, visual and somesthesic). We evaluated postural control with force plateform: Techno Concept®, Multitest Framiral® and the eye movements with the Mobile e(ye)BRAIN T2® in healthy children population as well as in children with developmental disorders (autistic spectrum desorders and dyslexia). The results of our studies showed a developmental aspect of postural and oculomotor factors in healthy children and a deficit of both postural and oculomotor control in children with autistic spectrum desorders and with dyslexia. Indeed, in these children postural stability is poor and visual strategy is different with respect to healthy children. Our hypothesis is that these deficits could be due to a lack in using appropriately sensory inputs and of their integration via cerebellar activity. The importance of these studies is to better understand the involvement of cerebellar function in such developmental disorders. Our final goal is to suggest new training tecniques to use sensory inputs more efficiently in these children with developmental disorders
Moisan, Caroline. "Les types de désorganisation de l'attachement et leurs distinctions en termes d'antécédents et d'aspects développementaux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28197/28197.pdf.
Full textJagodowicz, Johanna. "Le développement précoce : quels indicateurs pour prévenir d'un trouble?" Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825021.
Full textChouinard, Andrée-Anne. "La contribution de la sensibilité maternelle au développement langagier selon le temps de gestation et l'état de santé de l'enfant à la naissance." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22729.
Full textFuentealba, Baldini Luisa. "Syndrome du bébé secoué : devenir développemental et construction du lien d'attachement : étude longitudinale d'une cohorte d'enfants diagnostiqués avec ce syndrome du bébé secoué dès l'hospitalisation à quatre ans de vie." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC015.
Full textThis study has two main objectives ; First, to describe the developmental Tate of children who have suffered from shaken baby syndrome white documenting the construction of the child-mother attachment bond ; Second, to understand the complexity of the interrelationships between the medical and relational aspects. This study adopts a long-term perspective involving 45 children evaluated at 12. 18 and 48 months old. A control group composed of children diagnosed with simple craniostenosis has been used for comparison. Psychomotor development was tested using the Brunet Lénine method. Cognitive development was addressed using the WPPSI-III test, Child temperament has been assessed using the QT6 questionnaire, and the social withdrawal behavior by using the Alarm Distress Baby Scale. Behavioral disorders were assessed using the questionnaire Child Behavior Check List and attachment behavior was evaluated using the Strange Situation protocol. Maternal sensitivity was assessed using Ainsworth's Maternal Sensitivity Scale, Results of the psychomotor and cognitive development assessments suggest that there is a link between an initial status epilepticus (in addition to young age) with short and long term low test scores. Child temperament and maternal sensitivity were not shown to be linked to the shaken baby syndrome. Social withdrawl was observed in 23% of the cases and were associated with admission to a child care unit at a young age based on their serious initial medical state, and early relational disorders. Paradoxically, the attachment behavior secure has been found over-represented and the attachment behavior avoidant insecure attachment as been shown to be under-represented
Faleschini, Sabrina. "Effet du stress parental sur la relation entre la prématurité et les comportements internalisés de l'enfant né à moins de 29 semaines de gestation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28016.
Full textPreterm children are at risk of behavioral problems, and parenting stress may influence the development of these difficulties. The main goal of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the role of parenting stress in the process that links preterm birth and internalizing behaviors in very preterm children. Two statistical models were compared to see whether parenting stress is a mediator or a moderator of the relationship between preterm birth and internalizing behaviors. The second goal was to compare the value of two indicators of prematurity severity, gestational age and neonatal acute physiology evaluated by the Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II (SNAP-II) score, as predictors of later internalizing problems. A cohort of 118 children born at less than 29 weeks of gestational age and their parents was recruited. Parenting stress was evaluated by the French version on the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and internalizing behaviors were evaluated by the internalizing scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). These measures were obtained by parental report when the children turned 5 years. The results showed that parenting stress was neither a mediator nor a moderator of the relationship between prematurity and internalizing behaviors. Moreover, Both gestational age and SNAP-II score failed to predict internalizing behaviors at 5 years. However, parenting stress was positively associated with higher internalizing behaviors. This study shows that parenting stress did not participate in the association between prematurity and internalizing problems, but showed a direct association with internalizing problems. Our findings highlight the importance of family environment in the resilience of preterm children.
Leborne, Émilie. "Le rôle médiateur des transitions familiales dans la relation entre le statut socioéconomique des familles et le développement de symptômes de trouble de l'adaptation du comportement chez l'enfant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34480.
Full textToussaint, Emmanuelle. "Étude exploratoire de la qualité de vie des enfants accueillis en foyer au titre de la protection de l'enfance : qualité de vie, représentations d'attachement et problèmes de comportement." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3006.
Full textStill, Laura. "Etude rétrospective des signes précoces des troubles du spectre de l'autisme chez les très jeunes enfants déficients visuels." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2071/document.
Full textPrevious research ans clinical observations suggest a high incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in visually impaired children. A phenomena of developmental regression or stagnation « developmental setback » observed in the second year of life of visually impaired babies appears to predict the later occurrence of ASD. Relatively little research has explored the behavioural manifestations of very young visually impaired children before and around the apparition of developmental setback. For this retrospective study, home movies of blind children at the age of 12 months, 24 months and between 3 and 4 years, are analysed and behaviours of social communication are coded, to detect early signs of ASD. Films of blind children having later recieved a diagnosis of ASD are compared to films of blind children without ASD. The results indicate a lower frequency of certain social communication behaviours in blind children with ASD as early as 12 months old, with particular differences being observed in social engagement behaviours. Differences are also observed in the level of functional language from 24 months. Motor and language stereotyped behaviours are observed equally in the two groups until the age of 3 when these behaviours increase in the blind ASD children and decrease in the blind children without ASD. Divergences in the type of play are identified, sensory play being more frequent in the blind ASD children. Certain social rejection behaviours and sensory sensitivities are only observed in the blind ASD group. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of early ASD signs in the blind, and improvements in the early screening of ASD in very young visually impaired children, as well as guiding early intervention programmes
Guellec-Renne, Isabelle. "Croissance chez le grand prématuré et devenir neurologique : étude d'association entre les troubles de la croissance anté et post-nataux et le développement neurologique chez les grands prématurés à partir de la cohorte Epipage." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066615.
Full textOur main objectives were to define intrauterine growth restrictions in preterm infants to study its consequences in terms of neonatal morbidity and long-term prognosis and also assessment to study the relationship between intrauterine growth restriction, extra-uterine growth and neurological outcomes.We showed initially that strict threshold definition of a "small for gestational age" preterm could not be limited in the context of prematurity in the 10th percentile, but extend beyond, at least to the 20th percentile. Furthermore, to define growth restriction studying, weight was not enough. A definition by the association between weight and head circumference was relevant in terms of prognosis in both the short and long term.We found that growth restriction in very preterm and neurological outcome were significantly associated. Small for gestational age preterm infants were more likely to have cognitive impairment and school difficulties even for moderate preterm and moderate growth restriction. Gestational age was an important factor that modulates the association between growth restriction and outcome. Concerning extra-uterine growth, we have shown that it was associated with neurological outcome but this effect varied with antenatal growth pattern.Finally, we studied by literature review, the short-term consequences of optimized postnatal growth of premature infants and showed metabolic abnormalities caused by an aggressive nutrition that required necessary monitoring
Phélip, Marion. "Rôle de l’orientation auditive de l’attention au cours du développement à l’aide du paradigme d’écoute dichotique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3036.
Full textOur work focused on the study of auditory orienting attention cues (with tone cues and verbal cues) in dichotic listening situations across development. Four experiments were carried out with 8 to 12 years old children and with adults. If adults appeared to benefit from the use of tone cues as much as the use of verbal cues to improve their performance of identification in both ears, and thus to improve their cognitive control, however, only 9 years old children took advantage of verbal cues to orient more efficiently their attention and resolve cognitive conflicts. Below this age, only tones cues helped the children to orient and control their attention to the indicated ear.Altogether our results reveal that (a) auditory orienting capacities develop in synergy with cerebral development (the maturation of the prefrontal cortex increases at around 9 years of age), and that (b) verbal cues lead to an efficient orientation of attention and high performance of identification in both ears, even under the age of 9.We suggest that the facilitator role of verbal cues could result from the pre-activation of the top-down processes that they involve. Indeed, top-down processes are essential for cognitive control. Therefore, the presentation of this type of cues would enhance the activation of processes that are not so easily recruited by young children. The immaturity of the pre-frontal cortex of children below 9 years of age could explain the difficulties encountered by this age group
Perron, Caroline. "Influence de la négligence, de l'abus physique et sexuel sur le développement socio-émotionnel d'enfants d'un à dix-huit ans : une méta-analyse." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26693.
Full textUrbain-Gauthier, Nadine. "Caractéristiques du profil développemental et des interactions des jeunes enfants agressifs : étude comparée des facteurs environnementaux, du tempérament, de la sensorialité et du jeu chez l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB250.
Full textExcessive aggression in young children is of major concern in the field of child mental health. They often disturb family and social life. The first aim of this study is to specify the clinical troubles and the developmental profile (temperament, language and psychomotor development) of 70 preschool children under 5 years referred for excessive physical aggression. The second aim is to define parenting characteristics and mother-child interactions and to articulate them with the children's developmental profile. The third aim is to compare these data with a typical population of the same age. The results show that 60 % of the clinical children (Average age = 3,5 years) present a disorder of the sensory processing. The clinical children show frequently concomitant sleeping disorders and delay of language. Their temperament is characterized by an important impulsiveness and difficulties of effortful control. Parenting is characterized by laxness, overreactivity and hostility. Children with excessive aggression evolve in disrupted mother-infant interactions from the youngest age. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the therapeutic interventions that may be designed to help these young children and their family