Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tween 80 / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Tween 80.

Journal articles on the topic 'Tween 80'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Tween 80.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

Juntachai, W. "Effect of Tween 60 and Tween 80 on the growth of Malassezia species." ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA HELLENICA 63, no. 2-3 (2018): 119–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10068811.

Full text

Abstract:

Yeasts in the genus Malassezia are a member of the normal skin flora and also cause various skin diseases in both human and animals. Except M. pachydermatis, all of the other Malassezia species are known to be lipid-dependent fungi which require external lipid sources for growth. Fatty acid-derived Tweens are widely used in various products such as foods, medicines, cosmetics, and also laboratory culture purpose. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effect of Tweens on fungal growth. Three Malassezia species; M. furfur CBS 1878T, M. pachydermatis CBS 1879NT and M. slooffiae CBS 7956NT appeared to have different preference for Tween in that they showed optimal growth at 1% Tween 80, 2% Tween 60, and 2% Tween 80, respectively. Tween with concentration more than 0.5% showed significant growth of Malassezia. In addition, under co-culture conditions, the population ratio of each Malassezia species maintained equilibrium regardless of initial cell ratio, implying an interspecies interaction of Malassezia. The results suggest a need to re-evaluate the use of Tweens in products associated with the skin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Rabe, Martin, Andreas Kerth, Alfred Blume, and Patrick Garidel. "Albumin displacement at the air–water interface by Tween (Polysorbate) surfactants." European Biophysics Journal 49, no. 7 (2020): 533–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00249-020-01459-4.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractTween (polysorbate) 20 and 80 are surfactants used for the development of parenteral protein drugs, due to their beneficial safety profile and stabilisation properties. To elucidate the mechanism by which Tween 20 and 80 stabilise proteins in aqueous solutions, either by a “direct” protein to surfactant interaction and/or by an interaction with the protein film at the air–water interface, we used spectroscopic (Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy, IRRAS) and microscopic techniques (Brewster Angle Microscopy, BAM) in combination with surface pressure measurements. To this end, the impact of both types of Tweens with regard to the displacement of the protein from the air–water interface was studied. As a model protein, human serum albumin (HSA) was used. The results for the displacement of the adsorbed HSA films by Tweens 20 and 80 can partially be understood on the basis of an orogenic displacement mechanism, which depends on the critical surface pressure of the adsorbed protein film. With increasing concentration of Tween in the sub-phase, BAM images showed the formation of different domain morphologies. IRRA-spectra supported the finding that at high protein concentration in the sub-phase, the protein film could not be completely displaced by the surfactants. Comparing the impact of both surfactants, we found that Tween 20 adsorbed faster to the protein film than Tween 80. The adsorption kinetics of both Tweens and the speed of protein displacement increased with rising surfactant concentration. Tween 80 reached significant lower surface pressures than Tween 20, which led to an incomplete displacement of the observed HSA film.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kothekar, Shrinivas C., Adinath M. Ware, Jyotsna T. Waghmare, and S. A. Momin. "Comparative Analysis of the Properties of Tween‐20, Tween‐60, Tween‐80, Arlacel‐60, and Arlacel‐80." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 28, no. 3 (2007): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932690601108045.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

��, Evgeniy Markov, ��, et al. "ZYMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF LIPOLYTICAL ENZYMES OF SUBCELLULAR VIBRIO CHOLERAE FRACTIONS OF O1 AND O139 SEROGROUPS." Byulleten-Vostochno-Sibirskogo-nauchnogo-tsentra-Sibirskogo-otdeleniya-Rossiyskoy-Akademii-meditsinskih-nauk 1, no. 2 (2016): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20616.

Full text

Abstract:

Zymographic analysis showed that all subcellular fractions of the serogroups possessed different degree of lipolytical activity. Maximal hydrolysis in the radial enzyme-diffusion reaction in agarose gel was observed in Tween-20, Tween-80, Triton �-305 and Triton �- 405. Total hydrolase activity of urea extracts in Tween-20, Tween-80, Triton �- 405, Span-85 excelled those in the preparations of outer membranes. Maximal lipolytical activity in regard to the Tweens was shown by the preparations of urea extracts prepared from the nontoxigenic strains of O1 serogroups, while in relation to the Tritons � preparations of urea extracts from the toxigenic strains (p &#60; 0,05).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mkhize, J. N., and A. P. Gupta. "The importance of formulating insect growth regulators with surfactants and their blends for the control of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Insect Science and Its Application 6, no. 2 (1985): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400006603.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe use of surfactants and their blends to improve the penetration of two insect growth regulators (IGRs; hydroprene and R-20458) into wheat kernels was investigated. It was found that formulation of IGRs with a surfactant, Tween-85 (polyoxyethylene trioleate), increased mortality and/or effectiveness of the IGRs. Formulation of hydroprene with a blend of Span-80 (sorbitan monooleate) with Tween-80 (polyoxyethylene monooleate) produced results comparable to those by hydroprene with Tween-85. However, formulations of IGRs with surfactants with high or low hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB), failed to provide suitable control of the weevil, probably due to the type of emulsions formed. The same results were obtained with hydroprene formulations with blends of Spans and Tweens, even though their HLBs were close to that of Tween-85. Residual half-life for hydroprene was about three months; formulations with Tween-85 or a blend of Span-80 did not enhance the residual activity for hydroprene in wheat.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lee, Nam-Min, and Byung-Hwan Lee. "Mixed Micellizations of TTAB with Other Surfactants (DTAB, CTAB, Tween-20, Tween-40, and Tween-80)." Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 56, no. 5 (2012): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.5.556.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Feng, Jinhui, Yiyong Zeng, Cuiqing Ma, et al. "The Surfactant Tween 80 Enhances Biodesulfurization." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 11 (2006): 7390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01474-06.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT In biocatalytic conversions, substrates and products may display inhibitory or toxic effects on the biocatalyst. Rhodococcus erythropolis 1awq could further remove sulfur from hydrodesulfurized diesel oil, and the biodesulfurization was enhanced by the surfactant Tween 80. Tween 80 was shown to decrease the product concentration associated with the cells, reducing product inhibition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Viani, Sofia Charlotie, Jessica Ayuningtyas Putranti, Kaprianto Jelau, and Luh Putu Wrasiati. "Karakteristik Sabun Padat Pada Perlakuan Penambahan Penstabil Tween 80." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 12, no. 2 (2024): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2024.v12.i02.p10.

Full text

Abstract:

The research conducted sought to determine the impact of the addition and amount of tween 80 to obtain the best solid soap characteristics. This research is a one-factor experimental study, namely the percentage of tween 80 addition (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%). The results showed that the addition of tween 80 had a significant effect on the hardness, pH, foam, moisture, firmness, brightness (L*), and yellowness (b*) of solid soap, but had no significant effect on redness (a*) and foam stability. Increasing the level of tween in the mixture will cause the moisture of the foam to increase, resulting in a firmer, higher pH, brighter and more yellow color intensity. The conclusion based on the data encountered by the author is that the solid soap added with tween 80 as much as 0.75% has the best characteristics, referring to the physicochemical data which shows the results of foam with a pH of 10.45 ± 0.49, foam stability of 85.67 ± 3.30, texture of 22.38 ± 0.70, level of brightness (L*) 86.35 ± 0.354, level of redness (a*) 0.95 ± 0.636, and level of yellowness (b*) 2.7 ± 0.141. As for the organoleptic test (scoring and hedonic), panelists prefer soap with the treatment of adding 1% tween 80 showing the highest value, namely the foam is rated 4.75 ± 0.44, the stickiness is 4.45 ± 0.89, the humidity is 4.45 ± 0.69, and the overall acceptance is 5.95 ± 0.83. Keywords : tween 80, characteristics, solid soap Penelitian yang dilakukan berupaya menentukan dampak penambahan dan jumlah tween 80 untuk mendapatkan karakteristik sabun padat terbaik. Penelitian ini adalah studi eksperimental satu faktor, yaitu persentase penambahan tween 80 (0%, 0,25%, 0,5%, 0,75%, dan 1%). Adapun beberapa bahan dalam penelitian pembuatan sabun padat ini diantaranya yakni air, NaOH, coconut oil, serta tween 80. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tween 80 memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kekerasan, pH, busa, kelembaban, kekesatan, kecerahan (L*), dan kekuningan (b*) sabun padat, tetapi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemerahan (a*) dan stabilitas busa. Peningkatan kadar tween didalam campuran akan menyebabkan kelembapan busa meningkat, sehingga hasilnya lebih kesat, pH lebih tinggi, intensitas warna lebih cerah dan lebih kuning. Kesimpulan berdasarkan data yang ditemui penulis yakni sabun padat yang ditambahkan tween 80 sebanyak 0,75% memiliki karakteristik paling baik, mengacu pada data fisikokimianya yang menunjukkan hasil busa dengan pH 10,45±0,49, stabilitas busa 85,67±3,30, tekstur 22,38±0,70, tingkat kecerahan (L*) 86,35±0,354, tingkat kemerahan (a*) 0,95±0,636, serta tingkat kekuningan (b*) 2,7±0,141. Adapun untuk uji organoleptik (skoring dan hedonik), panelis lebih memilih sabun dengan perlakuan ditambahkannya tween 80 1% menunjukkan nilai paling tinggi yakni busanya dinilai 4,75±0,44, kekesatan sebesar 4,45±0,89, kelembaban 4,45±0,69, dan penerimaan keseluruhan sebesar 5,95±0,83. Kata kunci : tween 80, karakteristik, sabun padat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Wulandari, Diyah Ayu, Nurul Izzati Osman, Tatina Siska Wardani, and Muladi Putra Mahardika. "Optimization of Moringa Leaf (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) Ethanol Extract with Span 80 and Tween 80 Emulsifier." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2022): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37287/picnhs.v3i1.1152.

Full text

Abstract:

Moringa plant (Moringa Oleifera Lamk) contains various free radical inhibitory molecules, such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalains), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids) and several other endogenous metabolites rich in antioxidant activity. When span 80 and tween 80 are mixed in a suitable composition and in their manufacture the aqueous phase is dispersed into the oil, span 80 and tween 80 will be arranged alternately at the interface of the oil phase and water phase forming a monolayer that surrounds the droplets so as to produce good emulsifying properties. and form a stable O/A type emulsion. Determine the optimum concentration of span 80 and tween 80 in the formulation of ethanol extract cream of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lamk) by testing the physical properties and cream of the cream In this study, concentration variations of span 80 and tween 80 to see the best physical properties. The statistical analysis using the Simplex Lattice Design versi 11 method with the parameters of adhesion, dispersion, pH, viscosity, and protective power. The optimum formula is in formula 2 with a ratio of span 80: tween 80 is 0:1 which indicates a desirability value of 0.986. Conclusions. The optimum formula is formula 2 with a ratio of span 80 and tween 80 0:1, where the results of the stability test by cycling test have relatively better physical stability in terms of organoleptic, homogeneity, disperersion, adhesion, pH, viscosity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Knoch, Hannah, Maximilian H. Ulbrich, Judith J. Mittag, Julia Buske, Patrick Garidel, and Heiko Heerklotz. "Complex Micellization Behavior of the Polysorbates Tween 20 and Tween 80." Molecular Pharmaceutics 18, no. 8 (2021): 3147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00406.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Pourreza, N., and S. Rastegarzadeh. "Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of Tween 80." Talanta 62, no. 1 (2004): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-9140(03)00403-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kumar, Rajeev, Shaik Abdul Hussain, and Debopriya Purkayastha. "Effect of Combination of Tween-80 with Amphiphilic Peptides on Physical Stability of Nanoemulsion Using Low-Energy Emulsification Technique." Asian Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 4 (2023): 905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.27569.

Full text

Abstract:

The current study was investigated to replace Tween-80 with peptides in order to produce physical and microstructure stability of nanoemulsion. Oil phase (2%), Tween-80 (4%) and remaining aqueous phase were taken to form nanoemulsions. In combinations of Tween-80 and peptides three ratios (1:2, 2:1 and 1:1) were taken keeping the overall concentration 4% fixed. The particle size of nanoemulsion stabilized with Tween-80, peptides and combination of Tween-80-peptides (1:2, 1:1, 2:1) were 148.71 ± 1.48, 283.66 ± 10.17, 254.50 ± 14.77, 161.90 ± 3.67, 182.80 ± 5.37 nm, showing smallest particle size with 50% replacement of Tween-80 with peptides. The zeta potential data showed competitive adsorption between Tween-80 and peptides. The polydispersity index of Tween-80:peptides (1:1) had found to be 0.33 ± 0.01 where as Tween-80 and peptides stabilized nanoemulsion had 0.20 ± 0.01 and 0.30 ± 0.05. The changes in electrical conductivity occurred maximum in case of peptides and electrical conductivity decreased with increase in concentration of Tween-80 due to preventing mobility of ions. The storage stability of nanoemulsions were found better at 4 ºC, however Tween-80:peptides (1:1) and peptides stabilized nanoemulsion had particle size growth onwards 14 days at 37 ºC. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of nanoemulsion Tween-80:peptides (1:1) showed uniform distribution of peptides in combination compared with individual peptides stabilized nanoemulsion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hodgson, Jonathan, Denis Rho, Serge R. Guiot, Guy Ampleman, Sonia Thiboutot, and Jalal Hawari. "Tween 80 enhanced TNT mineralization by Phanerochaete chrysosporium." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 46, no. 2 (2000): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-126.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of a nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) mineralization by the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain BKM-F-1767, was investigated in a liquid culture at 20, 50, and 100 mg TNT·L-1. The presence of 1% (w/v) Tween 80, at 20 mg·L-1 TNT, added to a 4-d-old culture, allowed the highest TNT mineralization level, that is 29.3% after 24 d, which is two times more than the control culture, without Tween 80 (13.9%). The mineralization of TNT resumed upon additional Tween 80 supplementation, consequently, 39.0% of the TNT was respired on day 68. Orbital agitation of the fungal culture was found detrimental to TNT mineralization, with or without Tween 80 in the culture medium. The surfactant also stimulated the growth of P. chrysosporium without any notable effect on either the glycerol consumption rate or the extracellular LiP and MnP activity levels. Respirometric assays highlighted some differences between the oxygen uptake rate of the fungal culture supplemented with or without Tween 80. Key words: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, TNT, surfactant, white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Fatimah, Siti Fatmawati, Verda Farida, Yudha Rizky Nuari, Daniek Viviandhari, and Deasy Vanda Pertiwi. "Investigating the Impact of Surfactant and Cosolvent on the Polyphenolic Content in Arumanis Mango Leaf Extract (Mangifera indica L.)." Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis 11, no. 1 (2024): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jsfk.11.1.39-47.2024.

Full text

Abstract:

The leaf of Mangifera indica L. contains flavonoids and mangiferin which showed positive effects on wound healing of diabetic ulcer. The used of suitable surfactant and co-solvent is required to ensure the high solubility of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), thereby optimizing the efficacy. This study aims to determine the ideal surfactant and cosolvent for a thermosensitive hydrogel formula of Mangifera indica leaf ethanol extract. The leaf was fextracted by maceration using 70% ethanol then determined for moisture content.Â The extract was prepared for solubility tests of flavonoid and mangiferin on surfactants (KolliphorÂ® EL, TweenÂ® 20, TweenÂ® 80, MiranolÂ® C2M) and co-solvents (Glycerin, PEG 400, and transcutol). Methods for total flavonoids content were Spectrophotometry UV-Vis and mangiferin with RP-HPLC method. The moisture content in the extract is 8.590 Â± 0.754%. The surfactant demonstrating the highest capability in flavonoid dissolution is Tween 20 (1863.750 Â± 0.838 ÂµgQE/g extract), followed by Tween 80, Kolliphor EL, and Miranol C2M. In the context of co-solvents, PEG 400 (1309.583 Â± 0.292 ÂµgQE/g extract) show superior flavonoid dissolution capability, with glycerin and Transcutol following in descending order. Tween 20 and Tween 80 exhibite comparable efficacy in mangiferin dissolution, followed by Miranol C2M and Kolliphor EL. Among co-solvents, Transcutol demonstrate the highest aptitude for mangiferin dissolution, succeeded by PEG 400 and glycerin. This study indicates Tween 20 is a preferable surfactant and PEG 400 was considered as co-solvent to be further used in a thermosensitive gel formula for diabetic ulcer.Â

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mayasari, Eva, Tri Rahayuni, and Jessi Manalu. "PENGARUH FORMULASI MALTODEKSTRIN DAN TWEEN 80 PADA KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA BUMBU HERBAL INSTAN." Pro Food 5, no. 2 (2019): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/profood.v5i2.102.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Herbal spices used in making instant spices are sansakng leaf (Albertisia papuana Becc.), onion, and garlic. The drying method in making instant spices uses the foam mat drying method. The purpose of this study was aimed to determine the effect of maltodextrin and tween 80 formulations on instant herbal spices and determine the best formulation of maltodextrin and tween 80 formulations added on instant herbal spices based on physical and chemical properties. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) factorial pattern which is consisted of two factors of maltodextrin (5%,10%,15%) and tween 80 (0.5% and 1%), each treatment was replicated four times. The ANOVA (α=5%) results showed that the addition of maltodextrin on intant herbal spices significantly affected on moisture content, water absorption, water activity, and yield. While the addition of tween 80 on intant herbal spices significantly affected on moisture content and water activity. The best treatment on physicochemical properties showed in the combination of maltodextrin 5% and tween 80 1%.  Keywords: Albertisia papuana Becc., foam mat drying, maltodextrin, sansakng, tween 80  ABSTRAK Bumbu herbal yang digunakan pada pembuatan bumbu instan adalah daun sansakng (Albertisia papuana Becc.), bawang merah, dan bawang putih. Metode pengeringan dalam pembuatan bumbu instan menggunakan metode foam mat drying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 pada bumbu herbal instan dan menentukan formulasi yang tepat dari formulasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 pada pembuatan bumbu herbal instan berdasarkan sifat fisik dan kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu konsentrasi maltodekstrin (5%, 10% 15%) dan konsentrasi tween 80 (0,5% dan 1%), masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Parameter pengamatan yang diukur adalah karakteristik fisik dan kimia bumbu herbal instan. Hasil ANOVA (α=5%) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan maltodekstrin pada bumbu herbal instan berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap kadar air, daya serap air, aktivitas air dan rendemen bumbu herbal instan. Sedangkan penambahan tween 80 berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan aktivitas air. Kombinasi maltodekstrin sebanyak 5% dan tween 80 sebanyak 1% merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan karakteristik fisikokimia. Kata Kunci: Albertisia papuana Becc, foam mat drying, maltodekstrin, sansakng, tween 80

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anggraeni, Ida Ayu Bela, Ni Made Wartini, and Lutfi Suhendra. "PENGARUH KOMBINASI TWEEN 80 DAN SPAN 80 SEBAGAI EMULSIFIER PADA ENKAPSULASI EKSTRAK BUNGA KENIKIR MENGGUNAKAN GUM ARAB." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 10, no. 4 (2022): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2022.v10.i04.p10.

Full text

Abstract:

The study aimed to know the effect of the combination of tween 80 and span 80 on the encapsulating characteristics of kenikir flower dye extract and determine the best combination of tween 80 and span 80 to produce encapsulated kenikir flower dye extract. This study using a simple Group Randomized Design with a combination treatment of tween 80 with span 80, to archive HLB values of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. Each treatment is carried out 3 times so that 18 units are obtained. The data obtained is analyzed with variety analysis and if there is an effect of treatment on the observed variables, then continued with Tukey. The result showed that the combination of tween 80 and span 80 as an emulsifier using arabic gum had a noticeable effect on yield, solubility, encapsulation efficiency, moisture content total carotenoids, surface carotenoids, L* values (brightness), a* (reddish) and b*(yellowish) values. The combination of tween 80 0.23 g and span 0.27 g produces encapsulating of kenikir flower extract with the best characteristics, namely: yield 84.95%, moisture content 5.53%, solubility 71.68%, total carotenoids 159.47%, surface carotenoids 1.26%, encapsulation efficiency 99.99%, L* values (brightness) 43.55, a* (redness) values 19.76, and b* (yellowish) values 30.61.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Fatika Sandhi, Berliana Ganita, Intan Martha Cahyani, Ungsari Rizki Eka Purwanto, and Erwin Indriyanti. "OPTIMASI SPAN 80 DAN TWEEN 80 DALAM KRIM ALAS BEDAK DIBENZALASETON SEBAGAI TABIR SURYA." Jurnal Farmasi Medica/Pharmacy Medical Journal (PMJ) 5, no. 1 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/pmj.v5i1.41439.

Full text

Abstract:

Krim alas bedak adalah jenis riasan dekoratif, yang biasanya mengandung bahan tabir surya. Dibenzalaseton merupakan salah satu agen tabir surya organik yang potensial. Dalam krim tipe minyak dalam air, tingkat pemulihan fase minyak tidak selalu meningkat bahkan jika konsentrasinya tinggi. Namun, menggunakan kombinasi dua pengemulsi, seperti span 80 dan tween 80, dalam kombinasi yang optimal mungkin merupakan solusi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula krim foundation yang optimum dengan kombinasi span 80 dan tween 80 sebagai emulsifier. Rumus yang dioptimalkan dibuat menggunakan Metode Simplex Lattice Design dengan bantuan Design Expert versi 10.0.1. Respon optimasi adalah pH, viskositas, adhesi, dispersibilitas dan nilai SPF. Formula optimum menghasilkan rasio span 80 dan tween 80 7,172%:3,828%. Hasil pengujian diperoleh pH rata-rata 6,38; viskositas 5183 cps; adhesi 2,458 detik; Daya sebar 6,1 cm dan nilai SPF 35,307.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

M., J. Ansari* M. M. Ahmed M.K. Anwer1 S. Jamil A.Alalaiwe A.S. Alshetaili R. Shdefat R. Ali F. Shakeel. "FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUCONAZOLE LOADED OLIVE OIL NANO EMULSIONS." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 04 (2017): 852–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804032.

Full text

Abstract:

Present study was carried out to develop and evaluate olive oil based nano-emulsion for transdermal delivery of fluconazole, a bistriazole based antifungal agent with poor water solubility and lipophilicity. Olive oil, a natural non-irritating, non-toxic proposed permeation enhancer, is known to have some antifungal activity as well. Screening of common emulsifiers like Tweens (Tween 20, tween 60, tween 80), Spans (span 60, span 80), brij 35, puronic 127, and poloxamer 188 were done based on solubility of fluconazole in these surfactants followed by their efficiency to emulsify olive oil in water. Co-emulsifiers such as glycols (polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 400, propylene glycol), and short chain alcohols (ethanol, propanol, butanol and octanol) were also screened similarly. Tween 80 and butanol were selected as emulsifier and co-emulsifier respectively to formulate nanoemulsion by aqueous titration method. However, separation was observed after 24 hours. Therefore, span 80 was added as an auxiliary emulsifier to improve emulsification efficiency. Finally, a blend of tween 80, span 80 and butanol was optimized as emulsifier (56 % wt/wt) to emulsify 9 % wt/wt of olive oil in 33 % wt/wt water. Pseudoternary phase diagram was employed to identify and optimize the components. Optimized formulation based on phase separation and thermokinetic stability was characterized for globule size, size distribution, zeta potential, viscosity, refractive index and pH. Globule size analysis by zetasizer nano ZS was further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Permeation flux of fluconazole from optimized formulation through artificial skin was approximately three fold higher than the control. In conclusion, developed olive oil based nano-emulsion of fluconazole demonstrated promising solubility, permeability and stability. Keywords: Fluconazole, olive oil, nano-emulsion, transdermal permeation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Nirmalayanti, Ni Luh Putu Karunia Vidya. "Skrining Berbagai Jenis Surfaktan Dan Kosurfaktan Sebagai Dasar Pemilihan Formulasi Nanoemulsi." Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin 1, no. 3 (2021): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/metta.v1i3.1552.

Full text

Abstract:

The main components for making nanoemulsions are oil, surfactants, and cosurfactants. Before formulating nanoemulsions, screening the surfactants and cosurfactants is necessary to produce an optimum formula. Thus, it carries out surfactants screening, namely (tween 20, tween 60, tween 80) and cosurfactants (propyleneglycol, PEG 400, glycerin). This study aimed to screen suitable selection and cosurfactants as the basis for making nanoemulsions. Then, the research method was carried out in two ways: surfactant screening and cosurfactant screening. The final results were analyzed using a pseudoternary phase diagram. The surfactant screening results were tween 20 (40mL), tween 60 (40mL), tween 80 (60mL); thereby, the best surfactant candidate was tween 80. The results of the surfactant screening on the pseudoternary phase diagram are the most optimal, namely tween 80 with propylene glycol because it has a large nanoemulsion formation area. The study proposed the ratio of oil: smix (tween 80 and propyleneglycol) (1:9) as the optimum formula used to make a nanoemulsion base.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Moore, Stephanie A., Sarah E. Moore, Karen M. Glenn, Subhash C. Bhattacharya, and Rama M. Palepu. "Fluorescence quenching of Safranine T by inorganic anions in Tween micelles." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 83, no. 12 (2005): 2067–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-225.

Full text

Abstract:

The fluorescence quenching of the dye Safranine T by various inorganic anions such as [Fe(CN6)]3, [Fe(CN6)]4, I, Br, NO2, and N3 in aqueous solution and in nonionic micellar solutions of Tweens (Tween 20, Tween 40, and Tween 80) was studied. The SternVolmer quenching constants and quenching rate constants were evaluated. Compared to the quenching efficiency in aqueous media, that of the micellar media was found to be lower, except when iodide ion was used as a quencher. With the exception of the iodide ion, it has been established that collisional quenching plays a major role in the photophysical process. In the case of the iodide ion, both static and collisional quenching processes play a major role, owing to the complexation of iodide ion with Tween micelles. The SternVolmer quenching constants were found to be dependent on the ionic strength of the medium.Key words: fluorescence, static quenching, Tweens, SternVolmer constant, micellar media.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kura, Aminu Umar, Samer Hasan Hussein-Al-Ali, Mohd Zobir Hussein, and Sharida Fakurazi. "Preparation of Tween 80-Zn/Al-Levodopa-Layered Double Hydroxides Nanocomposite for Drug Delivery System." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/104246.

Full text

Abstract:

We incorporated anti-Parkinsonian drug, levodopa (dopa), in Zn/Al-LDH by coprecipitation method to form dopa-LDH nanocomposite. Further coating of Tween-80 on the external surfaces of dopa-LDH nanocomposite was achieved through the oxygen of C=O group of Tween-80 with the layer of dopa-LDH nanocomposite. The final product is called Tween-dopa-LDH nanocomposite. The X-ray diffraction indicates that the Tween-dopa-LDH nanocomposite was formed by aggregation structure. From the TGA data, the Tween-80 loading on the surface of LDH and dopa-LDH was 8.6 and 7.4%, respectively. The effect of coating process on the dopa release from Tween-dopa-LDH nanocomposite was also studied. The release from Tween-dopa-LDH nanocomposite shows slower release compared to the release of the drug from dopa-LDH nanocomposite as done previously in our study, presumably due to the retarding shielding effect. The cell viability study using PC12 showed improved viability with Tween-80 coating on dopa-LDH nanocomposite as studied by mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (MTT assay).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Thoman, Charles J. "The versatility of polysorbate 80 (tween 80) as an ionophore." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 88, no. 2 (1999): 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/js980216n.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cahyana, Emita Dwi, Luh Putu Wrasiati, and Lutfi Suhendra. "Karakteristik Enkapsulat Teh Instan Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) pada Perlakuan Penambahan Emulsifier Tween 80." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 9, no. 1 (2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2021.v09.i01.p13.

Full text

Abstract:

The aims of research were to know the effect of addition emulsifier tween 80 on the making of Cosmos caudatus Kunth. instant tea, and to determine the addition of the best tween 80 emulsifier to the Cosmos caudatus Kunth. instant tea. This research used a simple randomized block design, wich the concentration of tween 80 as the factor. The concentration of tween 80 used in this research are 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and then processed by the Tukey test. The results showed that the concentration of tween 80 influenced the yield, solubility, total flavonoids, brightness level, redness level, yellowish level, and texture organoleptic tests which included stickiness, dryness and smoothness. The best treatment based on physicochemistry was obtained by adding 1% concentration of tween 80, with a yield value at 11.08 %, solubility at 96.77%, total flavonoids at 9.1041 mg QE/g, the level of brightness (L*) at 36.49, the level of redness (a*) at 19.36, and the level of yellowish (b*) at 30.63. Based on the results of the organoleptic test, respondendts chose treatment without the addition of tween 80, with a stickiness texture value at 4.20 (not sticky),, dryness at 4.60 (dry), and smoothness at 4.75 (smooth). Keywords : Cosmos caudatus Kunth. leaves, instant tea, encapsulation, tween 80

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cahyani, Reni Tri, and Laode Muhamad Hazairin Nadia. "PENGARUH KOMBINASI TWEEN 80 DAN MALTODEKSTRIN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FLAVOR ENHANCER IKAN BULAN-BULAN (Megalops cyprinoides)." Jurnal Harpodon Borneo 15, no. 1 (2022): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/harpodon.v15i1.2502.

Full text

Abstract:

One method that can be applied in the production of flavor enhancers is the foam-mat drying method using Tween 80 and maltodextrin. This research aimed to examine the effect of the Tween 80 and maltodextrin combination on the characteristics of flavor enhancers from Megalops cyprinoides. This research used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. Factor one was Tween 80 concentration of 2%, 4%, and 6%, and factor two was maltodextrin concentration of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The test parameters included yield, pH, and Maillard reaction products. The results showed that Tween 80 and maltodextrin concentration significantly affected yield, pH, and Maillard reaction products of flavor enhancers from Megalops cyprinoides (P0.05). The greater the concentration of Tween 80 and maltodextrin, the greater the yield value, while the Maillard reaction product value decreased. Increasing the concentration of maltodextrin caused the pH value to decrease. Conversely, increasing the concentration of Tween 80 caused the pH value to increase. Based on the research result, the best treatment was Tween 80 concentration of 6% and maltodextrin concentration of 10%, with the yield of 43.33%; pH of 3.78; and Maillard reaction product 0.608 AU.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zhou, Yawen, Jian Yang, Cong Luo, Bo Yang, Changyao Liu, and Baocai Xu. "Effect of metal ions and surfactants on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulose." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2019): 1653–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.1653-1667.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of metal ions and surfactants on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw lignocellulose was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectrum analysis, dynamic light scattering, and fluorescence spectra analysis were used to characterize the influence of Fe3+/ polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80). The interaction between Fe3+/Tween 80 and enzyme was further investigated by enzyme kinetics and enzyme activity measurements. The best synergistic effect was obtained when the ratio of Fe3+ and Tween 80 was 0.06. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that the Fe3+/Tween 80 combination was associated with high porosity substrates. The infrared spectrum analysis indicated that the components of the substrates depended on additive types. The highest relative enzymatic activity increase rate was obtained with added Fe3+/ Tween 80. The Vmax and Km values of the group with added Fe3+/Tween 80 were much higher than that of the group without additives. With the addition of Fe3+/ Tween 80, the intensity of the fluorescence emission peak decreased and the peak shifted towards a longer wavelength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Shu, Guo Wei, Ji Li Cao, He Chen, Yuan Tan, and Ling Ma. "Orthogonal Test Design for Optimization of Emulsifying Effectiveness of Phytosterol Adding to Milk Using Tween as Emulsifiers." Advanced Materials Research 700 (May 2013): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.700.280.

Full text

Abstract:

Effect of four emulsifiers including Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 on emulsifying effectiveness of phytosterol adding to milk was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The concentrations of four emulsifiers were all 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.7%. The optimal emulsified conditions showed as follows: the optimal concentrations of Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80 were 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.20% and 0.30%, respectively, the emulsification R reached 1.043 under the conditions mentioned above.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

S, Susiana Prasetyo, and V. Vincentius. "Pengaruh penambahan tween 80, dekstrin, dan minyak kelapa pada pembuatan kopi instan menggunakan metode pengering busa." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.3.5.

Full text

Abstract:

The making of instant coffee with foam drying methods is one of the product inovation effort which it can produce commercially by small industry and also home industry. In this research, added coconut oil, dextrin, and tween 80 are added to the coffee for optimalized that drying process. Coconut oil are perhaps as heat conductor so that can increasing drying rate. Tween (Polyoxyethylene 20 Sorbitane Monooleate) and dextrin interacted each other tween 80 act as emulsifier and foam marker, dextrin act as foam stabilizer during drying process. Coffee extract have been added with cooconut oil, tween 80 and dextrin, they are mixed together toproduced foam and then will be dried in cabinet drier. The research method used is the making an instant coffee in three differents coconut oil concentration (0.01-1 %w/w), three differents tween 80 concentration (5-15%w/w), and three differents dextrin concentration (0-20%w/w). The research results showed that added of coconut oil will be increased rate of drying. Tween 80 can increase rate of drying, but dextrin can make case hardening that decrease rate of drying. Product of instant coffee have water content and caffein content in the range of SNI, which are 2.281-3.962% of water and 2.825-3.275% of caffein. Flavor, taste and texture of instant coffee are not different from instant coffee in market.Keywords: Instant Coffee, Foam Drying, Tween 80, Dextrin, Coconut OilAbstrakPembuatan kopi instan menggunakan metodepengeringan busa (foam drying) merupakan salah satu usaha inovasi produk yang dapat dilakukan secara komersial oleh industri kecil ataupun home industry. Pada penelitian ini ditambahkan minyak kelapa, dekstrin dan tween 80 pada kopi untuk mengoptimalkan proses perngeringan tersebut. Minyak kelapa diharapkan dapat berperan sebagai penghantar panas sehingga dapat mempercepat pengeringan. Tween (Polyoxyethylene 20 Sorbitane Monooleate) dan dekestrin saling berinteraksi, dimana tween 80 berfungsi sebagai emulsifier dan pembentuk busa sedangkan dekstrin berperan sebagai penstabil busa selama proses pengeringan. Ekstrak kopi ditambahkan pada minyak kelapa, tween 80 dan de/estrin, dan diaduk hingga terbentuk busa untuk kemudian dioleskan pada tray-trayyang akhirnya akan mengalami proses pengeringan di dalam tray drier. Konsentrasi minyak kelapa divariasikan pada 0,01-1%b/b, tween 80 pada 5-15% b/b, dan dekstrin pada 10-20% b/b. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapenambahan minyak kelapa akan meningkatkan laju pengeringan. Penambahan dekstrin meningkatkan laju pengeringan sedangkan penambahan tween 80 akan menyebabkan case hardening dan menurunkan laju pengeringan. Kopi instan yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi standar SNI dengan kadar air 2,281- 3,962% dan kadar kafein 2,825-3,275% serta memiliki aroma, rasa dan tekstur yang tidak berbeda jauh dari kopi instan dipasaran.Kata Kunci: Kopi Instan, Pengering Busa, Tween 80, Dekstrin, Minyak Kelapa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Adiningsih, Retnowati. "Pengaruh Kombinasi Emulgator CMC dan Tween 80 Terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Emulsi Minyak Ikan." Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy) 3, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37013/jf.v3i1.24.

Full text

Abstract:

Emulsi minyak ikan dalam formula standar menggunakan emulgator gom arab yang mempunyai sifat emulgator sejati. Gom ini mempunyai kerugian yaitu penyimpanan yang lama dapat menyebabkan hilangnya daya mengemulsinya, sehingga berdasarkan hal tersebut tidak menutup kemungkinan untuk menggunakan emulgator lain yaitu CMC dan Tween 80. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi emulgator CMC dan Tween 80 terhadap stabilitas fisik minyak ikan dan konsentrasi emulgator CMC dan Tween 80 yang optimal untuk membuat emulsi minyak ikan yang stabil, ditunjukkan dengan tidak adanya kerusakan yang berarti dari emulsi selama penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 formula dengan kandungan kombinasi emulgator yang bervariasi yaitu CMC 0,25% ; CMC 0,25% : Tween 80 10% ; CMC 0,25% : Tween 80 20% ; Tween 80 20%. Pengamatan stabilitas emulsi meliputi tipe emulsi, persen pemisahan pada suhu kamar, pada suhu 40° - 50°C, pada sentrifugasi 3000 rpm, viskositas dan penentuan ukuran patikel. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya variasi stabilitas emulsi minyak ikan dari tiap-tiap kombinasi emulgator. Hasil statistik menunjukkan bahwa emulgator CMC 0,25% berpengaruh nyata terhadap persen pemisahan pada suhu kamar, suhu 40° - 50°C, sentrifugasi 3000 rpm, viskositas dan ukuran partakel emulsi minyak ikan. Emulsi dengan kombinasi emulgator CMC 0,25% : Tween 80 20% merupakan emulsi yang paling stabil karena pada pemeriksaan persen pemisahan, viskositas dan ukuran partikel mempunyai stabilitas fisik yang lebih baik dibanding formula lain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Panthi, Vijay Kumar, Saurav Kumar Jha, Rudra Pangeni, and Keshav Raj Paudel. "Formulation and Development of Adapalene Topical Nanohydrogel Using Different Surfactants and Cosurfactants for Antiacne Activity: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6889293.

Full text

Abstract:

A formulation of an adapalene nanohydrogel (ADP-NH) using different surfactants and cosurfactants for topical application was developed and characterized. The best formulation was obtained with nanohydrogel (NH) containing Tween-80- (NH-Tween-80-) incorporated carbopol-940 and ethanol, 0.67% and 3.00% w / w , respectively. The optimized formulations of NH-Tween-80, nanohydrogel containing sodium lauryl sulphate (NH-SLS), and nanohydrogel containing glycerol (NH-glycerol) were separately evaluated to examine their in vitro and ex vivo permeability characteristics and compared with 0.3% dimethyl sulfoxide (control) solution. The polydispersity index of NH-Tween-80, NH-SLS, and NH-glycerol were found to be 0.264 ± 0.312 , 0.382 ± 0.0045 , and 0.310 ± 0.412 , respectively. All NH formulations showed pH within human skin pH ranges throughout the stability period. The NH-Tween-80 revealed 191.22 μg/mL of ADP permeation through Strat-M® membrane which was statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ) compared to NH-SLS, NH-glycerol, and control solution. At 24 h, NH-Tween-80 demonstrated 305.11 μg/mL of ADP permeation in Wistar rat abdominal skin which was 1.99-, 1.56-, and 4.89-fold higher in comparison with NH-SLS, NH-glycerol, and control solution, respectively. Moreover, the ex vivo permeability of NH-Tween-80 was also compared with conventional gel (market sample) which was 3.38-fold greater at 24 h. During the 6th month of accelerated stability analysis, the NH-Tween-80, NH-SLS, and NH-glycerol demonstrated 99.25 % ± 0.15 , 91.23 % ± 0.41 , and 96.08 % ± 0.20 drug content, respectively. There were no noticeable physical changes observed up to 6 months for NH-Tween-80, while color change was observed in the 1st month and 3rd month of accelerated stability samples of NH-SLS and NH-glycerol, respectively. In this study, only NH-Tween-80 was considered both physically and chemically stable formulation. Therefore, it was concluded that the topical application of ADP-NH containing Tween-80 could be a very promising alternative for the treatment of acne vulgaris.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Md Fadilah, Nur Izzah, and Abdul Rahman Hassan. "Preparation, Characterization and Performance Studies of Active PVDF Ultrafiltration-Surfactants Membranes Containing PVP as Additive." Advanced Materials Research 1134 (December 2015): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1134.44.

Full text

Abstract:

The role of surfactants in the formation of active Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ultrafiltration (AUF) membranes was studied. The effect combination of surfactants that are Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/Tween 80 and Tween 80/Triton X-100 formulations on performance and morphological structures were investigated for the first time. The influence of surfactants blends on the membrane pores was also examined. Experimental data showed that combination of Tween 80/Triton X-100 give the highest BSA permeation flux which value 285.51 Lm-2h-1. With combination of SDS/Tween 80, the AUF membrane showed the highest protein rejection up to 93% and 79% for Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Egg Albumin (EA), respectively. Moreover, membranes characterization demonstrated that the addition of SDS/Tween 80 and Tween 80/Triton X-100 were found to affect the performance, surface morphologies and membrane pores of AUF PVDF membranes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Siti Noraini Bunawan, Noor Azlina Masdor, Nur Adeela Yasid, Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi, and Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor. "Effect of Different Hydrophilic-lipophilic Balance (HLB) on Droplet Size, Polydispersity Index and Stability of Lemon Myrtle Nanoemulsion." International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM) 16, DECEMBER (2023): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.58915/ijneam.v16idecember.423.

Full text

Abstract:

Using mixed non-ionic surfactants Tween/Span, we determined the required hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value on the oil in water nanoemulsion of lemon myrtle essential oil. In this study, Span 80 mixed with Tween 80, and Span 20 mixed with Tween 20 were used as mixed non-ionic surfactant. The droplet size, polydispersity index and stability of the lemon myrtle nanoemulsion at different HLB values were obtained over a period of 28 days. Both mixed surfactants have similar required HLB value at HLB 14 due to their smallest droplet size and lowest polydispersity index during the early nanoemulsion preparation. However, after a period of 28 days, nanoemulsion with Span 80-Tween 80 surfactant mixture was more stable compared to Span 20-Tween 20 surfactant mixture. Therefore, HLB 14 using Span 80-Tween 80 surfactant mixture has been selected as the required HLB for lemon myrtle nanoemulsion due to its stability and consistency of droplet size in 28 days.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Weiszhár, Zsóka, Judit Czúcz, Csaba Révész, László Rosivall, János Szebeni, and Zoltán Rozsnyay. "Complement activation by polyethoxylated pharmaceutical surfactants: Cremophor-EL, Tween-80 and Tween-20." European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 45, no. 4 (2012): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2011.09.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Castro, Carl Andrew, John B. Hogan, Kimberly A. Benson, Christina W. Shehata, and Michael R. Landauer. "Behavioral effects of vehicles: DMSO, ethanol, Tween-20, Tween-80, and emulphor-620." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 50, no. 4 (1995): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(94)00331-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Medina-Flores, Henry, Angel González-Márquez, and Carmen Sánchez. "Effect of surfactant Tween 80 on growth and esterase production of Fusarium culmorum in liquid fermentation." Mexican journal of biotechnology 5, no. 4 (2020): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2020.5.4.64.

Full text

Abstract:

Tween 80 is a widely used non-ionic surfactant that is added to culture media to make hydrophobic substrate available to microorganisms. Because of this surfactant widespread use, it is important to understand how it affects microbial growth and enzyme production. In this work, the effect of different concentrations (100, 400 and 600 l/L; v/v) of Tween 80 (as the sole carbon source) on the biomass production, esterase activities (assessed through biochemical tests and zymographic assays) and protein content of Fusarium culmorum grown in liquid fermentation was determined. The specific growth rate (μ), biomass yield (YX/S), esterase yield (YE/X), esterase productivity (P), maximal enzymatic activity (Emax), and specific rate of enzyme production (qp) were also estimated. A control medium added with glucose was used. The highest μ was showed in the medium added with 100 l of Tween 80/L. However, the greatest esterase activity was observed in those media containing the highest concentrations of Tween 80 ( energy source and it also induced the esterase production by F. culmorum. Tween 80 concentration is positively correlated with the number of esterase isoforms produced by this fungus. The higher the Tween 80 concentration (400 μl/L and 600 μl/L, v/v), the more number of esterase isoforms will be induced. However, lower concentration (100 μl/L) of Tween 80/L did not show a significant effect on the induction of the esterase activity.400 l/L and 600 l/L; v/v). These results show that Tween 80 was used as the sole carbon and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

González-Márquez, Angel, та Carmen Sánchez. "Tween 80-induced esterase production by Trichoderma harzianum in submerged fermentation: An esterase activity assay using α-naphthyl acetate as substrate". Mexican journal of biotechnology 7, № 1 (2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2022.7.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Tween 80 is a surfactant that has been used for several purposes in microbial cultures. In bioremediation studies, the addition of surfactants in the medium is a common practice, since it makes hydrophobic substrates available to the microorganism. In this work, the influence of Tween 80 (100 or 400 μL/L) on the biomass production, protein content, esterase activities and, growth and enzymatic yield parameters of Trichoderma harzianum grown in submerged fermentation was evaluated. Assessments of esterase activities through biochemical tests and zymographic assays were carried out using α-naphthyl acetate as substrate. A single band with esterase activity was observed in the different concentrations of Tween 80 tested. However, 400 μL of Tween 80 induced higher esterase production (148.2 U/L) in T. harzianum as compared to that esterase activity (79.5 U/L) shown in the medium added with 100 μL of Tween 80 per liter. These results showed that high concentrations (e.g. 400 μL/L) of Tween 80 enhanced the esterase activity in T. harzianum. The single band with esterase activity revealed on zymograms suggests that this enzyme (of 38 kDa approx.) may be present in both forms as a constitutive as well as an inducible esterase, since it was observed in both glucose- and Tween 80-supplemented media.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Chen, Juanni, Shili Li, Jinxiang Luo, Rongsheng Wang, and Wei Ding. "Enhancement of the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles against Phytopathogenic BacteriumRalstonia solanacearumby Stabilization." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7135852.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, the enhanced antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against the phytopathogenic bacteriumRalstonia solanacearumafter stabilization using selected surfactants (SDS, SDBS, TX-100, and Tween 80) was examined, in comparison with silver ion. Tween 80 was found to be the most preferable stabilizer of AgNPs due to the beneficial synergistic effects of the AgNPs and surfactant. However, all the surfactants nearly had no effects on the antibacterial activity of Ag+.In vitro, Tween 80-stabilized AgNPs showed the highest bactericidal activity againstR. solanacearum. Further measurements using TEM, fluorescence microscopy, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that though Ag+and Tween 80-Ag+induced high toxicity, Tween 80-stabilized AgNPs displayed most severe damage when in direct contact with cells, causing mechanistic injury to the cell membrane and strongly modifying and destructing the cellular proteins. Meanwhile,in vivo, the pot experiments data indicated that the control efficiency of Tween 80-stabilized AgNPs on tobacco bacterial wilt was 96.71%, 90.11%, and 84.21%, at 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days, respectively. Based on the results evidencing their advantageous low dosage requirements and strong antimicrobial activity, Tween 80-stabilized AgNPs are a promising antibacterial agent for use in alternative crop disease control approaches.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Olii, Audia Triani, Mumtihanah Musyid, and Besse Nurfitriani. "FORMULASI LOTION ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa balbsiana colla) MENGGUNAKAN EMULGATOR TWEEN 80 DAN SPAN 80." Makassar Pharmaceutical Science Journal (MPSJ) 2, no. 3 (2024): 385–96. https://doi.org/10.33096/mpsj.v2i3.272.

Full text

Abstract:

Kulit pisang kepok memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan antioksidan. Lotion merupakan salah satu jenis kosmetik dalam kategori emolien (pelembut) yang memiliki kandungan air yang lebih tinggi. Fungsinya meliputi menjaga kelembaban kulit, membersihkan, mencegah hilangnya kelembaban atau mempertahankan bahan-bahan aktif pada kulit. Penggunaan kombinasi emulgator yang sesuai antara Tween 80 dan Span 80 dalam sediaan lotion dapat membentuk emulsi tipe minyak dalam air yang optimum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengoptimasi formulasi sediaan lotion ekstrak kulit pisang kepok (Musa balbisiana colla) dengan Tween 80 dan Span 80 sebagai emulgator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula lotion dioptimasi mengahsilkan formula pada penggunaan Tween 80 : Span 80 sebesar 9% : 1%, dimana memiliki nilai pH 6,4467, viskositas 12860 cPs, daya lekat 5,66.detik, daya sebar 6,4 cm/detik, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 79,9249. Adapun hasil pengujian stabilitas dari formula lotion yang optimum menunjukkan stabilitas yang baik dalam uji homogenitas,pH,daya sebar, daya lekat. Namun pada uji viskositas tidak stabil.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sarfaraz, Mohammed, Tanvi Goel, and H. Doddayya. "Formulation and Evaluation of Galantamine Hydrobromide Proniosome Gel for Alzheimer’s disease." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2-s (2020): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2-s.4027.

Full text

Abstract:

Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated in tablets and capsules prescribed through oral delivery for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. However, oral delivery of drugs can cause severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal disturbance. In the present research work, Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated as proniosome gel by Coacervation phase separation method using different surfactants such as Tweens and Spans. Overall eight formulations were developed and evaluated for various parameters. The prepared gels were viewed by naked eye to observe the colour of gel. Microscopical observations of the gels showed vesicles of optimum size from 3.030 mm (P2) - 3.735 mm (P5). The gel also showed optimum rate of spontaneity in the range 9.60 mm3x1000 (P7) to 11.80 mm3x1000 (P4) and entrapment efficiency of vesicles in the range 66.15% (P5) to 86.92% (P3). The gels had pH in suitable range of skin (5.92-6.9). The in vitro drug diffusion studies revealed that the drug diffusion was affected by the various surfactants used. The rank order of surfactant effect on in-vitro drug diffusion was Tween 80 > Tween 60 > Tween 40 >Tween 20 > Span 80 > Span 60 > Span 40 > Span 20. The proniosomal gel containing Tween 80 showed maximum drug diffusion (99.24%) and the gel containing Span 20 showed minimum drug diffusion (71.74%). FT-IR studies of optimized proniosome gel P8 revealed the absence of any chemical interactions between drug and carriers used. Keywords: Galantamine hydrobromide, Proniosome gel, Coacervation phase separation method, Surfactants, in vitro drug diffusion studies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cirin, Dejan, Mihalj Posa, Veljko Krstonosic, and Maja Milanovic. "Conductometric study of sodium dodecyl sulfate - nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100, Tween 20, Tween 60, Tween 80 or Tween 85) mixed micelles in aqueous solution." Chemical Industry 66, no. 1 (2012): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind110612059c.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study is concerned with the determination of the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of mixed micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate with one of five nonionic surfactants (Triton X-100, Tween 20, Tween 60, Tween 80 or Tween 85) from conductance measurements. Based on the calculated values of the ? parameters we have noticed that SDS-nonionic surfactants mostly showed strong synergistic effect. It was found that nonionic surfactants with mainly longer and more hydrophobic tail show stronger interactions with hydrophobic part of SDS, thus expressing stronger synergism. In SDS-Tween 80 binary system the strongest synergistic effect was noticed. SDS-Tween 85 micellar system showed antagonistic effect, most probably because the presence of the double bond in its three hydrophobic tails (three C18 tails) makes it sterically rigid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Thoman, Charles J., Todd D. Habeeb, Mary Huhn, Mary Korpusik, and Donald F. Slish. "Use of Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) as a phase-transfer catalyst." Journal of Organic Chemistry 54, no. 18 (1989): 4476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00279a047.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Liu, Tianqing, and Rong Guo. "Investigation of PEG 6000/Tween 80/Span 80/H2O niosome microstructure." Colloid and Polymer Science 285, no. 6 (2007): 711–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-006-1627-z.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Prasetyo, S. "Pembuatan Serbuk Buah Jeruk Dengan Metode Pengeringan Busa." REAKTOR 9, no. 2 (2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.9.2.50-57.

Full text

Abstract:

Salah satu produk olahan buahjeruk segar adalah serbuk sari jeruk instan yang dapat diperoleh dengan metode pengeringan busa. Minyak kelapa, dekstri dan tween 80 merupakan bahan aditif yang biasa ditambahkan pada pengeringan usa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum pengeringan busa diperoleh pada konsentrasi dekstrin 10%, tween 80 0,5% dan minyak kelapa 2% dengan nilai Nc = 1,03 x 10-4 kg/(m2.s), hc = 7,15 x 10-3 Kw/(m2.0C), ky= 6,95 x 10-3 kg/(m2.s), kadar air 0,13% dan kadar vitamin C sebesar 92,89 mg/ 100 g sampel serta waktu pengeringan selama 4 jam. Konsentrasi dekstrin, tween 80 serta interaksinya berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengeringan busa. Penambahan dekstrin akan memperlambat laju pengeringan sedangkan penambahan tween 80 dan minyak kelapa dapat mempercepat laju pengeringan.Kata kunci : Dekstrin, minyak kelapa, pengeringan busa, sari jeruk instan, tween 80

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Taurina, Wintari, Mohamad Andrie, and Taufik Nanda Pratama. "Accelerated Stability Test of Snakehead Fish Extract (Channa striata) and Kelulut Honey (heterotrigona itama) Ointment Combination with Tween 80 and Span 80 as an Emulsifying Agent." Majalah Obat Tradisional 26, no. 2 (2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mot.66608.

Full text

Abstract:

The combination of Snakehead Fish and Kelulut Honey has activity in accelerating the wound healing process. The ointment with active ingredients of Snakehead Fish extract and Kelulut Honey showed separation from the active ingredient and its base. The addition of tween 80 and span 80 is expected to increase the stability of the ointment preparation by keeping the water-phase droplets distributed uniformly on the ointment base. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding Tween 80 and Span 80 on the stability of the ointment preparation. The ointment was made by varying Tween 80 and span 80 by 2,5%: 5%: 7,5% and control (active ingredients without the addition of tween 80 and Span 80) as a comparison. The preparation was subjected to an accelerated stability test using a temperature of 40 ° ± 2 ° C / Relative humidity 75% ± 5% for 28 days by observing the organoleptic test, adhesion, spreadability, homogeneity test, pH test, and protection power. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using One Way Anova. The analysis showed that the addition of tween 80 and span 80 with a total concentration of 5% and 7,5% had a significant effect in increasing the spreadability, decreasing adhesion, and reducing the pH of the preparation. Formulas that meet the requirements in this study are F2 and F3, which have an average spreadability of 5,11 cm and 5,25 cm, adhesion of 96 seconds and 51 seconds, and pH of 6,02 and 5,02.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lee, Nam-Min, and Byung-Hwan Lee. "Thermodynamics on the Micellization of Pure Cationic(DTAB, TTAB, CTAB), Nonionic(Tween-20, Tween-40, Tween-80), and Their Mixed Surfactant Systems." Journal of the Korean Oil Chemists Society 30, no. 4 (2013): 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2013.30.4.679.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

O'Sullivan, Sinead M., Julie A. Woods, and Nora M. O'Brien. "Use of Tween 40 and Tween 80 to deliver a mixture of phytochemicals to human colonic adenocarcinoma cell (CaCo-2) monolayers." British Journal of Nutrition 91, no. 5 (2004): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041094.

Full text

Abstract:

Epidemiological evidence suggests that dietary intake of carotenoids and tocopherols may influence the risk of certain chronic diseases, such as cancer and CVD. In vitro studies investigating the synergistic effects of mixtures of carotenoids and tocopherols have been hindered due to the difficulty of solubilising these lipophilic compounds. The objective of the present study was to develop a system for delivering tocopherols and carotenoids simultaneously to cells in culture. Differentiated human colonic adenocarcinoma cells (CaCo-2) were incubated with a mixture of these phytochemicals for 24 h. The phytochemical mixture included carotenoids (astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, α-carotene, β-carotene) and tocopherols (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol). The emulsifiers polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (Tween 40) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) were employed as the delivery vehicles, and were compared with tetrahydrofuran (THF). Each vehicle was added at a maximum concentration of 1 ml/l. No toxic effects to the CaCo-2 cells were noted when Tween 40 or Tween 80 were used. Both Tween 40 and Tween 80 resulted in greater solubility of the mixture and delivered substantially more carotenoids and tocopherols to the cells than THF. In particular, lycopene was detected within the cells when Tween 40 and Tween 80 were employed, whereas it was below the limits of detection by HPLC when THF was used as the delivery vehicle. The phytochemicals were retained within the cells for 24 h after supplementation. Tween 40 and Tween 80 have potential as simple, rapid and non-toxic methods for delivering mixtures of carotenoids and tocopherols to cells in culture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Septiana Indratmoko, Hanifah Nurmayadah, and Andi Tenri Nurwahidah. "PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA KRIM NANOSQUALENE DENGAN KOMBINASI TWEEN 80 DAN PEG 400." Borneo Journal of Pharmascientech 3, no. 2 (2019): 160–68. https://doi.org/10.51817/bjp.v3i2.253.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRAKSqualene memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan, menjaga kelembaban dankelembutan kulit, dan mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antitumor. Squalenmempunyai sifat tidak larut dalam air dan susah diabsorbsi di saluranpencernaan sehingga kadar squalen di dalam darah sangat minimal. Salahsatu bentuk sediaan yang memiliki sifat stabil dan dapat meningkatkanabsorbsi obat adalah nanopartikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuatsediaan krim nanosqualene yang stabil secara fisik dengan menggunakankombinasi Tween 80 dan PEG 400. Parameter sifat fisik yang diamatimeliputi sifat organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, tipe krim, ukuran droplet,daya sebar, daya lekat dan viskositas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa nanosqualen dapat dihasilkan dari campuran antara tween 80, PEG400 dan VCO dengan perbandingan 3,5:3,5:1 dan squalene 1% denganukuran droplet nanosqualene sebesar 16,3. Sediaan krim nanosqualendapat dibuat dengan kombinasi tween 80 dan PEG 400 denganmenggunakan metode energi tinggi dengan perbandingan 9:1. Sediaankrim nanosqualen memiliki sifat fisik bau khas kelapa, warna putih,bentuk semisolid, stabil, homogen, pH 6, tipe krim O/W, memiliki dayasebar, daya lekat dan viskositas yang baik.Kata kunci: krim, nanosqualen, tween 80, PEG 400

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Arianto, Anayanti, Rizki Amelia, and Hakim Bangun. "THE EFFECT OF TWEEN 80, PALM KERNEL OIL, AND ITS CONVERSION PRODUCT ON IN VITRO PENETRATION ENHANCEMENT OF INDOMETHACIN THROUGH RABBIT SKIN." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 7 (2017): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i7.18608.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: Objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Tween 80, palm kernel oil (PKO), and its conversion products (hydrolyzed and transesterificated products) on the in vitro rabbit skin penetration of indomethacin from hydrocarbon ointment base.Materials and Methods: In vitro penetration of indomethacin through hairless rabbit skin from hydrocarbon ointment base (white petrolatum) was evaluated using a diffusion cell. The effects of Tween 80, PKO, and its conversion products at various concentrations were evaluated.Results: The higher of the concentration of Tween 80 until 5%, the higher of the indomethacin penetration. However, at the concentration above 5%, the penetration was decreased with the increasing concentration of Tween 80 used. The amount of indomethacin penetrated increased with the increasing of the concentration of PKO and its conversion products used. Hydrolyzed product showed the higher indomethacin penetration enhancing effect than PKO. Transesterificated product showed the highest penetration enhancing effect. However, the combination of Tween 80 with transesterificated product showed lower penetration enhancing effect compared to transesterificated product only.Conclusion: Tween 80 at low concentrations, PKO, and its conversion products could be used to enhance indomethacin penetration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anggraini, Wiranti, Erny Sagita, and Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah. "EFFECT OF HYDROPHILICITY SURFACTANTS TOWARD CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO TRANSFERSOMES PENETRATION IN GELS USING FRANZ DIFFUSION TEST." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 9 (October 30, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.67_74.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: Capsaicin is a bioactive compound with poor solubility in water. Transfersomes can increase the solubility and thus the penetration ofcapsaicin into the epidermis. Transfersomes also offer the advantage of being ultradeformable vesicles that are made using the thin layer hydrationmethod. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the hydrophilicity of surfactants on the characterization and in vitro penetrative ability ofcapsaicin transfersomes in gels using non-ionic surfactants with different hydrophile-lipophile balances, namely, Span 80, Tween 80, and a mixtureof Span 80, and Tween 80.Methods: The best characterization result for transfersomes is the formula using Tween 80. The total cumulative amount of capsaicin penetratedfrom the transfersome gel using Tween 80 is 1663.89±1.58 mg/cm2, the percentage is 57.96±0.05%, and the flux is 166.38±0.15 μg/cm2.hr−1.Results: In terms of the transfersome gel using a mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80, the cumulative amount of capsaicin penetrated is1539.8±21.23 μg/cm2, the percentage is 54.47±0.75%, and the flux is 153.98±2.12 μg/cm2.hr−1. Finally, from the transfersome gel using Span 80, thecumulative amount of capsaicin penetrated is 1395.10±7.23 mg/cm2, the percentage is 50.80±0.26%, and the flux is 139.51±0.72 mg/cm2.hr−1.Conclusions: The best characteristics resulted from the transfersome formulation using Tween 80, which demonstrated the highest entrapmentefficiency calculation result, the smallest particle size, the best deformability index, and the highest penetration when compared to the other twoformulations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Olii, Audia Triani, Mumtihanah Mursyid, and Sukma Meilinda Mokodompit. "FORMULASI LOTION TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG Goroho (Musa acuminafe sp) MENGGUNAKAN KONSENTRASI TWEEN 80 DAN SPAN 80." Makassar Pharmaceutical Science Journal (MPSJ) 2, no. 3 (2024): 404–14. https://doi.org/10.33096/mpsj.v2i3.275.

Full text

Abstract:

Flavanoid adalah senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya. Senyawa ini dikandung dalam kulit pisang dan dapat digunakan digunakan sebagai bahan tabir surya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengoptimasi sediaan lotion ekstrak kulit pisang goroho (Musa acuminafe sp). Penggunaan kombinasi tertentu dari Tween 80 dan Span 80 dalam sediaan lotion telah dilaporkan mampu membentuk emulsi tipe minyak dalam air optimal. Optimasi formula dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi Tween 80 dan Span 80 menggunakan Design expert version 10 model Simplex Lattice Design dengan parameter pH, viskositas, daya lekat, daya sebar dan penentuan nilai SPF. Formula lotion yang optimum diperoleh pada penggunaan Tween 80 4,5% dan Span 80 5,5%. Formula optimal mempunyai pH 5.46, viskositas 33226.66 dPas, daya lekat 6.01 detik, daya sebar 6.25 cm/detik, dan uji SPF 24.357 serta mempunyai aseptabilitas yang baik terhadap responden. Formula optimal hasil prediksi software dengan hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Simplex Lattice Design dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi parameter sifat fisik sediaan lotion ekstrak kulit pisang goroho.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Slifkin, Malcolm. "Tween 80 Opacity Test Responses of VariousCandida Species." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 12 (2000): 4626–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.12.4626-4628.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

A total of 111 Candida isolates representing 11 species were examined for their respective responses to a Tween 80 opacity test. The strains of Candida albicans and C. tropicalis that were examined produced an opacity response around their colonies at 2 to 3 days postinoculation. A second group ofCandida species yielded a halo around their colonies at 8 to 10 days postinoculation. The remaining Candida species did not produce a positive test response through 10 days postinoculation. The strains of C. dubliniensis were easily differentiated from strains of C. albicans by this test. The Tween 80 opacity test is simple and economical to prepare and is easy to interpret.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!