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Journal articles on the topic 'Unsaturated reactance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Moran, Joseph, and Michael J. Krische. "Formation of C–C bonds via ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 8 (2012): 1729–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-10-18.

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Ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of diverse π-unsaturated reactants in the presence of aldehydes provides products of carbonyl addition. Dehydrogenation of primary alcohols in the presence of the same π-unsaturated reactants provides identical products of carbonyl addition. In this way, carbonyl addition is achieved from the alcohol or aldehyde oxidation level in the absence of stoichiometric organometallic reagents or metallic reductants. In this account, the discovery of ruthenium-catalyzed C–C bond-forming transfer hydrogenations and the recent development of diastereo- and enanti
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2

Shin, Jung-Ah, Yea-Jin Hong, and Ki-Teak Lee. "Development and Physicochemical Properties of Low Saturation Alternative Fat for Whipping Cream." Molecules 26, no. 15 (2021): 4586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154586.

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We developed an alternative whipping cream fat using shea butter but with low saturation. Enriched stearic-oleic-stearic (SOS) solid fat was obtained from shea butter via solvent fractionation. Acyl migration reactant, which mainly contains asymmetric SSO triacylglycerol (TAG), was prepared through enzymatic acyl migration to obtain the creaming quality derived from the β’-crystal form. Through enzymatic acyl migration, we obtained a 3.4-fold higher content of saturated-saturated-unsaturated (SSU) TAG than saturated-unsaturated-saturated (SUS) TAG. The acyl migration reactant was refined to ob
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3

Jiang, Jing, Yuan Cai та Lixin Tang. "A Green and Efficient Michael Addition of Indoles to α, β-unsaturated Electron-deficient Compounds and Synthesis of Bis-indolylmethanes Catalyzed by Gallium Dodecyl Sulfate [Ga(DS)3] in Water". Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 20, № 1 (2017): 031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v20i1.292.

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α, β-unsaturated electron-deficient compounds and bis-indolylmethanes were successfully synthesized by gallium dodecyl sul-fate (Ga(DS)3) catalyzed Michael addition using indoles and α, β-unsaturated ketones(or aldehyde) as reactant, respectively. The samples were characterized by 1H NMR (400 MHz), HRMS, and Electrothermal Digital Melting-point. The results showed that the α, β-unsaturated electron-deficient compounds and bis-indolylmethanes could be effectively catalyzed by using Ga(DS)3 to give the corresponding adducts in good to excellent yields in water media.
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4

Moiseev, Dmitry V., Paolo Marcazzan та Brian R. James. "Reversible decomposition of mono(α-hydroxy)phosphines and their reaction with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, № 4 (2009): 582–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-021.

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The mono(α-hydroxy)phosphines R2PCH(OH)R′ (R = Ph, R′ = H, Et, CH2Ph, Ph, p-X-C6H4; R = cyclohexyl, R′ = Ph) are prepared under solvent-free conditions by a 1:1 reaction of Ph2PH with the appropriate aldehyde, and their stabilities (with respect to reversible dissociation into reactants), studied in DMSO, Et2O, and MeOH, increase with decreased basicity of the hydroxyphosphine; for example, for the Ph2PCH(OH)C6H4-p-X phosphines, stability decreases in the order: X = CN > Cl > F > H > Me > OMe. A 1:1 room-temperature reaction of the (α-hydroxy)phosphines (except for R′ = H) with
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5

Strickler, Rick R., John M. Motto, Craig C. Humber та Adrian L. Schwan. "Stereospecific Grignard reactions of cholesteryl 1-alkenesulfinate esters: Application of the Andersen Protocol to the preparation of non-racemic α,β-unsaturated sulfoxides". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, № 6 (2003): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-002.

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Enantiomerically enriched α,β-unsaturated sulfinate esters of (–)-cholesterol undergo stereospecific substitutions at sulfur when treated in benzene at 6°C with Grignard reagents. Sulfoxides with ees of 85–99.5% are obtained when enantiopure sulfinates are used. The substitution reactions proceed with inversion of sulfur configuration. Enantiomerically pure cholesteryl (E)-2-carbomethoxyethenesulfinate is not a suitable reactant under the Grignard reaction conditions. It is suggested that the ester group induces unwanted reactions significantly lowering both the yield and sulfur stereogenicity
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6

Cherian, Benny, and Eby Thomas Thachil. "Synthesis of Unsaturated Polyester Resin—Effect of Sequence of Addition of Reactants." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 44, no. 5 (2005): 931–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/pte-200060872.

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7

M. Silaev, Michael. "Kinetics of Free-Radical Addition Processes by the Nonbranched-Chain Mechanism." Journal of Advance Research in Applied Science (ISSN: 2208-2352) 3, no. 10 (2016): 01–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnas.v3i10.645.

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Five reaction schemes are suggested for the initiated nonbranched-chain addition of free radicals to the multiple bonds of the unsaturated compounds. The proposed schemes include the reaction competing with chain propagation reactions through a reactive free radical. The chain evolution stage in these schemes involves three or four types of free radicals. One of them is relatively low-reactive and inhibits the chain process by shortening of the kinetic chain length. Based on the suggested schemes, nine rate equations (containing one to three parameters to be determined directly) are deduced us
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8

Jeon, Eun Hee, Sena Yang, Sung Ho Kang, Sehun Kim, and Hangil Lee. "Investigation of the interaction between a novel unnatural chiral ligand and reactant on palladium for asymmetric hydrogenation." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 27 (2015): 17771–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp01896j.

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We report about the mechanistic studies of the reaction between a newly synthesized (S)-2-((R)-3H-dinaphtho[2,1-c:1′,2′-e]azepin-4(5H)-yl)-2-phenylethanol based on the binaphthyl skeleton and (E)-2-methyl-5-phenylpent-2-enoic acid for the asymmetric hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated acids with heterogeneous palladium catalysts.
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9

Silaev, M. M. "Competition Kinetics of the Nonbranched-Chain Addition of Free Radicals to Olefins, Formaldehyde, and Oxygen." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/830610.

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Five reaction schemes are suggested for the initiated nonbranched-chain addition of free radicals to the multiple bonds of alkenes, formaldehyde, and oxygen. The schemes include reactions competing with chain propagation through a reactive free radical. The chain evolution stage in these schemes involves three or four types of free radicals. One of them— , , , , or —is relatively low-reactive and inhibits the chain process by shortening of the kinetic chain length. Based on the suggested schemes, nine rate equations containing one to three parameters to be determined directly are set up using
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10

Colmán, Elizabeth Gaona, María B. Blanco, Ian Barnes, and Mariano A. Teruel. "Ozonolysis of a series of C7–C9 unsaturated biogenic aldehydes: reactivity study at atmospheric pressure." RSC Advances 5, no. 39 (2015): 30500–30506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra17283c.

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Rate coefficients for the reactions of ozone with the biogenic aldehydes trans-2-heptenal, trans-2-octenal and trans-2-nonenal have been determined in an environmental chamber at 298 K in 990 mbar air using in situ FTIR spectroscopy to monitor the reactants.
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11

Cherian, Benny, and Eby Thomas Thachil. "SYNTHESIS OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN—EFFECT OF CHOICE OF REACTANTS AND THEIR RELATIVE PROPORTIONS." International Journal of Polymeric Materials 53, no. 10 (2004): 829–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00914030490502364.

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12

Guo, Haoqi, Jing Xiong, Peng Zhang, Jian Liu, Zhen Zhao, and Yuechang Wei. "Efficient Purification of Auto-Exhaust Soot Particles Using Hexagonal Fe2O3 Nanosheets Decorated with Non-Noble Metals (Ni)." Nanomaterials 15, no. 3 (2025): 233. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030233.

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Purification of soot particles from automobile exhaust has closely to do with the synergistic effect between catalyst metals. Here, several binary Ni-Fe oxide catalysts were elaborately prepared via a modified solvothermal method. A non-noble-metal (Ni)-modified hexagonal Fe2O3 nano-sheet catalyst (Ni−Fe2O3) was prepared. The introduced heteroatoms replace some of the Fe atoms, which take up the surface of the [FeO6] octahedron, and the synergistic effect formed between the heteroatoms which are on the surface and the adjacent Fe atoms promotes the formation of coordination unsaturated ions of
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13

Yagci, Bilge Banu, Selin Ezgi Donmez, Onur Şahin та Yunus Emre Türkmen. "Catalytic aza-Nazarov cyclization reactions to access α-methylene-γ-lactam heterocycles". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 19 (17 січня 2023): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.19.6.

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We have developed a catalytic aza-Nazarov reaction of N-acyliminium salts generated in situ from the reaction of a variety of cyclic and acyclic imines with α,β-unsaturated acyl chlorides to afford substituted α-methylene-γ-lactam heterocycles. The reactions proceed effectively in the presence of catalytic (20 mol %) amounts of AgOTf as an anion exchange agent or hydrogen-bond donors such as squaramides and thioureas as anion-binding organocatalysts. The aza-Nazarov cyclization of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines with α,β-unsaturated acyl chlorides gives tricyclic lactam products 7 in up to 79% yield
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14

Gatot, Soebiyakto, Wardana I.N.G., Hamidi Nurkholis, and Yuliati Lilis. "ADDITION OF BIO-ADDITIVE AS A CATALYST OF BURNING VEGETABLE OIL INFLUENCED BY 4 POLE MAGNETIC FIELD." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 6 (104) (2020): 46–55. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.198308.

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The application of the combustion process influenced by magnetic circle 4 poles sequentially (N-S-N-S) against premixed combustion of vegetable-aromatic oil at an equivalence ratio approaching stoichiometry is studied. The reactant reaction causes the heat transfer to be characterized by the increase in temperature and has the main strength that combines the metal atoms due to the interesting pull (N-S) and (S-N) causing the electrons to move freely due to energy electron. Electron interaction induces the separation of atoms from the reactants, followed by atomisation and fuel transfer into a
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15

Parmigiani, A., C. Huber, O. Bachmann, and B. Chopard. "Pore-scale mass and reactant transport in multiphase porous media flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 686 (September 30, 2011): 40–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.268.

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AbstractReactive processes associated with multiphase flows play a significant role in mass transport in unsaturated porous media. For example, the effect of reactions on the solid matrix can affect the formation and stability of fingering instabilities associated with the invasion of a buoyant non-wetting fluid. In this study, we focus on the formation and stability of capillary channels of a buoyant non-wetting fluid (developed because of capillary instabilities) and their impact on the transport and distribution of a reactant in the porous medium. We use a combination of pore-scale numerica
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16

Kaiser, Ralf I., and Nadia Balucani. "Astrobiology – the final frontier in chemical reaction dynamics." International Journal of Astrobiology 1, no. 1 (2002): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550402001015.

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Crossed-beam experiments on the reactions of cyano CN(X2Σ+) and ethinyl C2H(X2Σ+) radicals with the unsaturated hydrocarbons acetylene, ethylene, methylacetylene allene and benzene have been carried out under single-collision conditions to investigate synthetic routes to form nitriles, polyynes and substituted allenes in hydrocarbon-rich atmospheres of planets and their moons. All reactions were found to proceed without an entrance barrier, to have exit barriers well below the energy of the reactant molecules and to be strongly exothermic. The predominant identification of the radical versus a
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17

Rizka, Amalia, Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih, Broto RTD Wisnu, Endy Yulianto Mohamad, Rama Devara Hafizh, and Yunita Indah Sari Dwi. "Kinetics Of The Enzymatic Transesterification Of Tuna Oil Catalyzed By Immobilized Candida Rugose Lipase To Produce Structured Lipid High In Omega-3 Fatty Acids." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187306008.

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Structured lipid containing Medium Chain of Fatty Acid (MCFA) at outer position and Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) at sn-2 position has nutritional value and excellent absorption. In this research, structured lipids was synthesized directly through enzymatic acidolysis between fish oil and lauric acid and catalyzed by specific lipase from immobilized 1.3 Candida rugose. The kinetics of enzymatic transesterification reactions catalyzed by immobilized Candida rugose was studied. To obtain the optimal condition, the factor substrate ratio of fish oil : lauric acid and reaction time were inve
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18

Borszeky, K., T. Bürgi, Z. Zhaohui, T. Mallat та A. Baiker. "Enantioselective Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids over Cinchonidine Modified Palladium: Nature of Modifier–Reactant Interaction". Journal of Catalysis 187, № 1 (1999): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1999.2584.

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19

Enes, Karine Braga, Ana Clara Alves Branco, Maria Eduarda Toledo Lima, et al. "Synthesis and Theoretical Study of a Series of 3,5-disubstitutes Pyrazoles." Letters in Organic Chemistry 17, no. 12 (2020): 932–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178617666200409095632.

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In this work, we proposed the synthesis of a series of pyrazoles derivatives with different substituents on the aromatic rings. We aim to evaluate their influence on the reactivity of the compounds in reactions of α,β-unsaturated chalcones and sulfonyl hydrazide catalyzed by iodine. In order to explain their high and low yields, or the impossibility of obtaining some compounds by applied synthetic methodology, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed. The reaction Gibbs free energy (ΔG) as well as the energy gap of the HOMO-LUMO frontier orbitals (ΔE) of some selected reacta
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20

Markovic, Dejan. "Photochemistry of aromatic ketones in sodium dodecyl sulphate micelles in the presence of unsaturated fatty acids." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69, no. 2 (2004): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0402107m.

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Laser-flash photolysis has been employed to characterize the behaviour of the free radicals created in the photochemical reaction of benzophenone (BZP), as well as of its lipoidal derivative, benzophenone-4-heptyl-4?-pentanoic acid (BHPA), with chosen unsaturated fatty acids in sodium dodecyl sulphate micelles. The calculated rate constants were used to study the "cage effect" i.e., the recombination of the created radical-pairs (BZP, BHPA ketyl radical - lipid radical) inside the highly limited space of the SDS micelles. The "cage effect" appears to be the dominant event inside SDS micelles,
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21

Guan, Daqin, Jian Zhong, Hengyue Xu, et al. "A universal chemical-induced tensile strain tuning strategy to boost oxygen-evolving electrocatalysis on perovskite oxides." Applied Physics Reviews 9, no. 1 (2022): 011422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083059.

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Exploring effective, facile, and universal tuning strategies to optimize material physicochemical properties and catalysis processes is critical for many sustainable energy systems, but still challenging. Herein, we succeed to introduce tensile strain into various perovskites via a facile thermochemical reduction method, which can greatly improve material performance for the bottleneck oxygen-evolving reaction in water electrolysis. As an ideal proof-of-concept, such a chemical-induced tensile strain turns hydrophobic Ba5Co4.17Fe0.83O14- δ perovskite into the hydrophilic one by modulating its
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22

Sam, Brannon, Bernhard Breit та Michael J. Krische. "Paraformaldehyde and Methanol as C1 Feedstocks in Metal-Catalyzed CC Couplings of π-Unsaturated Reactants: Beyond Hydroformylation". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, № 11 (2014): 3267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201407888.

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23

Du, Zhehua. "Research progress on degradation of organic pollutants based on metal–organic frameworks materials." E3S Web of Conferences 385 (2023): 04035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338504035.

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As an advanced oxidation process, Fenton oxidation has attracted much attention because its reactants and products are green and pollution - free. The traditional Fenton oxidation method has some problems, such as high PH requirement and low utilization rate of hydrogen peroxide. Over the past few years, the advancements in application research of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have presented innovative and effective ideas for addressing the aforementioned issues. This paper presents the recent advancements in Fenton oxidation technique utilizing Fenton-based materials. Based on literature an
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24

Yoshida, Yasushi, Hidetoshi Ida, Takashi Mino та Masami Sakamoto. "Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of α-Imino Esters with Azo Compounds: Facile Construction of Pentasubstituted 1,2,4-Triazoline Skeletons". Molecules 28, № 11 (2023): 4339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114339.

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1,2,4-Triazole and 1,2,4-triazoline are important components of bioactive molecules and catalysts employed in organic synthesis. Therefore, the efficient synthesis of these components has received significant research attention. However, studies on their structural diversity remain lacking. Previously, we developed chiral phase-transfer-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of α-imino carbonyl compounds with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and haloalkanes. In this study, we demonstrate the formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of α-imino esters with azo compounds under Brønsted base catalysis, res
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25

Agnihotri, Mamta, and Saras Tiwari. "Spectroscopic and Kinetic Analysis of the Oxidation of Unsaturated Alcohols by N-Chloro Saccharin in Micellar Media." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 22, no. 01 (2025): 163–73. https://doi.org/10.29070/nqc16011.

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The oxidation of unsaturated alcohols by N-chloro saccharin (NCS) in micellar medium was methodically examined utilising spectroscopic and kinetic methods to elucidate the reaction process and identify the rate-determining phases. The investigation indicated that the reaction kinetics conformed to pseudo-first-order dynamics concerning NCS, illustrating the oxidant's efficacy under regulated settings. Micelles functioned as nanoreactors, greatly accelerating reaction rates by solubilising substrates and concentrating reactants inside the hydrophobic micellar core. The effects of different surf
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26

Knapik, A., A. Drelinkiewicz, M. Szaleniec, et al. "Hydrogenation of unsaturated carboxylic acids on functional gel-type resin supported Pd catalysts: The effect of reactant structure." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 279, no. 1 (2008): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2007.09.018.

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27

Zetterlund, Per B., Ray G. Gosden, William Weaver, and Anthony F. Johnson. "New aspects of unsaturated polyester resin synthesis. Part 2. Reactant sequence distribution and its effect on cure kinetics." Polymer International 52, no. 5 (2003): 749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1129.

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28

Sam, Brannon, Bernhard Breit та Michael J. Krische. "ChemInform Abstract: Paraformaldehyde and Methanol as C1Feedstocks in Metal-Catalyzed C-C Couplings of π-Unsaturated Reactants: Beyond Hydroformylation". ChemInform 46, № 19 (2015): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201519318.

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29

Wagenhofer, Manuel F., Hui Shi, Oliver Y. Gutiérrez, Andreas Jentys, and Johannes A. Lercher. "Enhancing hydrogenation activity of Ni-Mo sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalysts." Science Advances 6, no. 19 (2020): eaax5331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax5331.

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Unsupported Ni-Mo sulfides have been hydrothermally synthesized and purified by HCl leaching to remove Ni sulfides. Unblocking of active sites by leaching significantly increases the catalytic activity for dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization. The site-specific rates of both direct (hydrogenolytic) and hydrogenative desulfurization routes on these active sites that consist of coordinatively unsaturated Ni and sulfhydryl groups were identical for all unsupported sulfides. The hydrogenative desulfurization rates were more than an order of magnitude higher on unsupported Ni-Mo sulfides than on A
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30

Lin, Cherng-Yuan, and Lei Ma. "Fluid Characteristics of Biodiesel Produced from Palm Oil with Various Initial Water Contents." Processes 9, no. 2 (2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020309.

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Biodiesel is regarded as a significant alternative fuel to petrodiesel due to its excellent combustion features and renewable character. The water content in the reactant mixtures needs to be considered so as to retard the conversion rate and it is suggested to be kept as low as possible. The fluid characteristics of biodiesel might be affected by initial water content; however, the optimum ratio of water content added to raw oil for achieving superior fluid characteristics of biodiesel has not yet been studied. Hence, this study empirically investigated the influences of the initial water con
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31

Jiang, Rong-Kuan, Yue Pan, Li-Hua Du, et al. "Microfluidics Biocatalysis System Applied for the Synthesis of N-Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives by Aza-Michael Addition." Catalysts 12, no. 12 (2022): 1658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12121658.

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Benzimidazole scaffolds became an attractive subject due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. In this work, a methodology was developed for the synthesis of N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from benzimidazoles and α, β-unsaturated compounds (acrylonitriles, acrylate esters, phenyl vinyl sulfone) catalyzed by lipase TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus in continuous-flow microreactors. Investigations were conducted on reaction parameters such as solvent, substrate ratio, reaction temperature, reactant donor/acceptor structures, and reaction time. The transformation is pro
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32

Lin, Sin-Shong. "Auger Electron Spectroscopic Analysis of Dispersants in Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 58, no. 5 (1985): 885–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536101.

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Abstract Auger electron spectroscopy is a versatile tool in studying the chemical constituents of dispersions in rubber. This technique combined with the SAM analyses produces two dimensional images which are useful in the elucidation of aggregations and dispersion states of the rubber additives. Especially, particle inclusions and agglomerations can be studied together with the topographic features of the complementary SED image. Additional information concerning the binding states of elastomers and additives, aggregations of excessive crosslinkages, unsaturated double bonds, and large hard s
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Zetterlund, Per B., Ray G. Gosden, and Anthony F. Johnson. "New aspects of unsaturated polyester resin synthesis. Part I: modelling and simulation of reactant sequence length distributions in stepwise polymerization." Polymer International 52, no. 1 (2003): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1040.

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34

Filippi, Antonello, Giorgio Occhiucci, Cinzia Sparapani, and Maurizio Speranza. "Gas-phase heteroaromatic substitution. 11. Electron transfer mechanism in the gas-phase acylation of simple five-membered heteroarenes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 4 (1991): 740–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-109.

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The results of a study of the gas-phase reactions of unsaturated carbocations, such as the CH3CO+ ion from γ-radiolysis of CH3F/CO mixtures, and the C6H4TCO+ ion from the β-decay of 1,4-ditritiobenzene in the presence of CO, with pyrrole, N-methylpyrrole, furan, and thiophene, are reported. In all systems investigated, acylated heteroarenes represent the predominant reaction products, accompanied by the methylated derivatives in the CH3F/CO radiolytic mixtures, and by the phenylated ones in the 1,4-ditritiobenzene/CO decay samples. All substrates investigated are found to undergo predominant α
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35

Wang, Shanshan, Jingliang Wang, Xiaoxian Li, Mingde Yang, and Yulong Wu. "Superhydrophobic Ru Catalyst for Highly Efficient Hydrogenation of Phenol under Mild Aqueous Conditions." Catalysts 12, no. 9 (2022): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12090995.

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Selective hydrogenations of lignin-derived phenolic compounds represent essential processes in the chemical industry, especially for production of a multitude of fine chemicals. However, selective hydrogenation of phenolic compounds in water phase suffers from low conversion. Here we report a catalyst of well-dispersed Ru clusters fixed in N-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (Ru@N-CS) for enhanced cyclohexanol productivity in phenol hydrogenation at mild aqueous condition. This superhydrophobicity carbon spheres appear to selectively allow diffusion of phenol and hydrogen molecules to the
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36

Zheng, Xiangqian, Tianhao Ai, Yuhong Hu, et al. "Influence of Carbonization Conditions on Structural and Surface Properties of K-Doped Mo2C Catalysts for the Synthesis of Methyl Mercaptan from CO/H2/H2S." Nanomaterials 13, no. 18 (2023): 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13182602.

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The cooperative transition of sulfur-containing pollutants of H2S/CO/H2 to the high-value chemical methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) is catalyzed by Mo-based catalysts and has good application prospects. Herein, a series of Al2O3-supported molybdenum carbide catalysts with K doping (denoted herein as K-Mo2C/Al2O3) are fabricated by the impregnation method, with the carbonization process occurring under different atmospheres and different temperatures between 400 and 600 °C. The CH4-K-Mo2C/Al2O3 catalyst carbonized by CH4/H2 at 500 °C displays unprecedented performance in the synthesis of CH3SH from CO/
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37

Gladius, Anoj Winston, Johanna Vondran, Yashwanth Ramesh, Thomas Seidensticker, and David William Agar. "Slug flow as tool for selectivity control in the homogeneously catalysed solvent-free epoxidation of methyl oleate." Journal of Flow Chemistry 11, no. 3 (2021): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41981-021-00199-6.

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AbstractCatalytic oxidation of sustainable raw materials like unsaturated fats and oils, or fatty acids and their esters, lead to biobased, high-value products. Starting from technical grade methyl oleate, hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant produces only water as by-product. A commercially available, cheap water-soluble tungsten catalyst is combined with Aliquat® 336 as a phase-transfer agent in solvent-free reaction conditions. In this study, we first report the transfer of this well-known batch system into continuous mode. The space–time yield is improved from 0.08 kg/L.h in batch to 1.29
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38

Alqazweeny, Fouz, and Ali Jazie. "Hydrodeoxygenation of linoleic acid using water as hydrogen source on Co/HB zeolite." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 17, no. 2 (2024): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.2023.143941.1042.

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Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a critical step in upgrading biomass-derived feedstock to renewable fuels and valuable chemicals. Thus, preserving the environment through the use of agricultural waste. Water plays the role of solvent, reactant, or byproduct in biomass HDO reactions, which are catalyzed by Co/HB zeolite catalysts. In this investigation, The hydrodeoxygenation of linoleic acid was examined in a patch-packed-bed reactor with a beta zeolite range of (5-15) mg and catalyzed at a temperature range of 230-300 K for 2-3 h. Linoleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, was used in this work to
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39

Arisha, Anan. "Geometrical Optimization and Natural Bond Orbital Analysis of Relevant Structures in the Diastereoselective Cuprate Conjugate Addition Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Lactams using Density Functional Theory". Asian Journal of Chemistry 35, № 12 (2023): 3071–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.30725.

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In this study, density functional theory calculations at the wB97XD/Def2TZVPP level were performed to analyze the mechanism underlying the cuprate conjugate addition reaction of α,β-unsaturated lactams. The calculation results were well-aligned with those obtained experimentally–the keto-aminal and aldo-aminal, i.e. 2 and 1a, yield the syn- and anti-products, respectively. The diastereoselectivity reversal originates from the small differences in the structure of the reactants. The pyramidalization and C7N3C2 angle between the aminal carbon, nitrogen and carbonyl carbon are large in 2. The dih
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40

Wang, Shuyan, Lin Du, Narcisse T. Tsona, and Wenxing Wang. "Gas-phase kinetic and mechanism study of the reactions of O3, OH, Cl and NO3 with unsaturated acetates." Environmental Chemistry 15, no. 7 (2018): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en18111.

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Environmental contextAcetate esters, emitted into the atmosphere from both natural and anthropogenic sources, can participate in photochemical processes leading to the formation of secondary organic aerosols. We report a study on the kinetics and mechanisms of the reaction of two acetate esters with O3, OH, NO3, and Cl radicals. The results help our understanding of the chemical behaviour of this important class of compounds in the atmosphere. AbstractThe photodegradation reactions of isopropenyl acetate (IPA) and 2-methyl-2-propenyl acetate (MPA) initiated by O3, OH, Cl and NO3 radicals have
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41

Lubas, George, Saverio Paltrinieri, Roberto Amerigo Papini, et al. "Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Other Inflammatory Diseases." Animals 14, no. 7 (2024): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14071013.

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The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has been used in canine medicine in several disorders, above all, to evaluate levels of inflammation. This study evaluated the ESR in canine leishmaniosis (CanL) and other inflammatory conditions. Three groups of dogs were examined: CanL affected dogs without clinical signs (INFECTED group, #25) or with clinical signs (SICK group, #43) and dogs affected by acute or acute-on-chronic conditions (OTHER DISEASE group, #65). The ESR was compared with acute phase proteins or reactants either positive or negative (leukogram, fibrinogen, iron, unsaturated iron
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42

El-Taher, Sabry. "Theoretical investigation of the oxidation pathways of HO•-initiated reactions of acrolein, methacrolein, and trans-crotonaldehyde." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 12 (2009): 1716–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-142.

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Ab initio molecular-orbital calculations have been performed to investigate the reaction mechanisms of the HO•-initiated reactions of the α,β-unsaturated aldehydes: acrolein (ACR), methacrolein (MACR), and trans-crotonaldehyde (CROT). All geometries were fully optimized at the MP2(Full)/6–31G(d,p) level. The correlation energy corrections were introduced by carrying out single-point calculations using both spin-projected second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (PMP2) and coupled-cluster theory (CCSD(T)) using basis sets of different sizes. All reaction pathways studied proceed via a ba
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43

Simić, L., A. C. Kneissl, and I. Anžel. "Microstructural analysis of the cast and melt-spun high entropy noble alloy Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20." Practical Metallography 61, no. 3 (2024): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2024-0014.

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Abstract High entropy alloys (HEA) represent a relatively new class of materials with promising properties for various applications. In recent years, these alloys have received considerable attention as potential heterogeneous catalysts in chemical and electrochemical reactions. Their enhanced catalytic activity is controlled by chemical composition, surface atomic coordination, electronic configuration and degree of microstructural metastability. Single-phase HEAs are of particular importance, because they possess a uniform microstructure that is useful for designing and prediction of mechani
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44

Gliński, Marek, Ewa M. Iwanek (nee Wilczkowska), Urszula Ulkowska, Agnieszka Czajka, and Zbigniew Kaszkur. "Catalytic Activity of High-Surface-Area Amorphous MgO Obtained from Upsalite." Catalysts 11, no. 11 (2021): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11111338.

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The first aim of the research was to synthesize a pure Upsalite, which is an amorphous form of MgCO3, by modifying a procedure described in the literature, so that it would be the precursor of a high-surface, amorphous magnesium oxide. The results indicate that within the studied reaction conditions, the type of alcohol used as the reactant has the most pronounced effect on the yield of reaction. From the two alcohols that led to the highest yield of Upsalite, methanol gave a substantially larger surface area (794 vs. 191 m2 g−1). The optimized synthesis conditions of Upsalite were used to obt
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45

Hawes, Chris S., and Paul E. Kruger. "Discrete and Polymeric Cu(II) Coordination Complexes with a Flexible bis-(pyridylpyrazole) Ligand: Structural Diversity and Unexpected Solvothermal Reactivity." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 4 (2013): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12443.

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Reported here is the synthesis and structural characterisation of five copper complexes derived from the bis-bidentate ligand 4,4′-methylenebis(1-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrazole), L. Complex 1, [Cu2L(CH3COO)4(OH2)2]·6H2O, is a single stranded unsaturated helical species that forms a highly connected three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, whereas [Cu2L(NO3)4], 2, is a coordination polymer derived from [Cu2L] fragments linked together via bridging nitrate anions to yield undulating two-dimensional sheets with (6,3)-topology. Complexes 3, 4, and 5 co-crystallise within a single batch when L
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46

Gokul Biju, Anandu S, Jithin S S, and Milan B. "Feasibility Study of Developing an Eco-Friendly Bio Lubricant from Flaxseed Oil." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 04 (2024): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0105.

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The increasing global demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly lubricants has led to the exploration of bio-based alternatives. This study focuses on the production of a bio- lubricant using Flax Seed oil as the feedstock through an epoxidation process followed by acid testing. The first step involves the epoxidation of Flax Seed, where the unsaturated fatty acids present in the oil are converted into epoxides. This process is carried out using a catalyst and a peroxide source. The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time, and reactant ratios, are optimized to achieve the high
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Ashikari, Yosuke, Yiyuye Yao, Kyoko Mandai, and Aiichiro Nagaki. "Regioselective Electrocatalytic Deuteration Reactions in PEM Reactor." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 53 (2024): 3614. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02533614mtgabs.

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Although organic chemistry has brought significant benefits to humanity by providing a wide range of chemicals, conventional production methods often generate a significant amount of chemical waste. As the need for sustainability increases, there is a growing demand for organic reactions that utilize fewer chemical reagents, resulting in reduced waste generation. In this context, electrochemical synthetic methods have garnered great attention in recent decades. Unlike general redox reactions in organic synthesis, which require stoichiometric amounts of oxidants and reductants, electrochemical
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48

Bayasgalan, Ulambayar, Bariashir Chantsalnyam, Uranbileg Nergui, Batchuluun Khongorzul, Lkhasuren Jargalsaikhan, and Jav Davaasambuu. "Investigation of [2+2] photodimerization of trans-4-(trifluoromethyl) cinnamic acid." Bulletin of the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, no. 10 (December 24, 2022): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/bicct.v10i10.2597.

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Solid state [2+2] photodimerization is one of the unique organic reactions that take place between unsaturated molecules under ambient conditions. Complex molecules that are difficult to obtain by traditional organic synthesis methods can be obtained in high yield without the use of solvents. In this work, solid-state [2+2] photodimerization of trans-4-trifluoromethyl cinnamic was investigated via X-ray diffraction and optical spectroscopy methods (UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy). The crystal structure was determined from powder X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, optical spectroscopy resu
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Jiang, Shujiao, Sijia Ding, Yasong Zhou, Shenghua Yuan, Xinguo Geng, and Zhengkai Cao. "Substituent Effects of the Nitrogen Heterocycle on Indole and Quinoline HDN Performance: A Combination of Experiments and Theoretical Study." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 3044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24033044.

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Hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were combined herein to study the substituent effects of the nitrogen heterocycle on the HDN behaviors of indole and quinoline. Indole (IND), 2-methyl-indole (2-M-IND), 3-methyl-indole (3-M-IND), quinoline (QL), 2-methyl-quinoline (2-M-QL) and 3-methyl-quinoline (3-M-QL) were used as the HDN reactant on the NiMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Some key elementary reactions in the HDN process of these nitrogen compounds on the Ni-Mo-S active nanocluster were calculated. The notable difference between IND and QL in the HDN
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D'Alessandro, Angelo, Gregory R. Keele, Ariel M. Hay, et al. "Genetic Polymorphisms in the Ferrireductase STEAP3 Regulate a Ferroptosis-like Process of Lipid Peroxidation-Induced Hemolysis in Murine and Human Red Blood Cells." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (2023): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-178760.

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Red blood cell (RBC) storage in the blood bank induces a series of biochemical and morphological alterations, collectively denoted as the storage lesion(s). Membrane damage by lipid peroxidation is a hallmark of the storage lesion, a process thought to be triggered by oxidant stress. To identify the genetics underlying this phenomenon, we leveraged a novel murine system, the Jackson lab Diversity Outbred (JDO) mouse colony, which was obtained by extensively cross-breeding 8 founder mouse strains with extreme genetically heterogeneity ( Figure 1.A). A total of 350 fresh and stored (up to 7 days
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