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Journal articles on the topic 'Upper air temperature distribution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kärcher, B., and W. Haag. "Factors controlling upper tropospheric relative humidity." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 3 (2004): 705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-705-2004.

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Abstract. Factors controlling the distribution of relative humidity in the absence of clouds are examined, with special emphasis on relative humidity over ice (RHI) under upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric conditions. Variations of temperature are the key determinant for the distribution of RHI, followed by variations of the water vapor mixing ratio. Multiple humidity modes, generated by mixing of different air masses, may contribute to the overall distribution of RHI, in particular below ice saturation. The fraction of air that is supersaturated with respect to ice is mainly determine

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2

Katunský, Dušan, Anna Vaskova, and Martin Lopušniak. "Effect of Air Heating System Distribution on Temperature Stratification in a Room." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.33.

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Most of air heating and ventilating systems for passive houses inlet air in floors. It is assumed that a natural motion of air is led upwards, and so the right stratification of temperature in the space is ensured. However, in the case of excellently insulated buildings it is possible to assume that an upper inlet of air is also able to ensure the required layering of temperature. Within the experiment an influence of upper and down air inlet for temperature stratification in the space was followed. Night sensors of indoor air temperature are placed for measurement purposes. Measurements are d

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3

Wang, Xiao Hui, Hai Ping Xiao, Xiang Ning, and Yu Kun Dai. "Influence of Air Distribution Modes on Boiler Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.517.

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The influence of air distribution modes on boiler efficiency was researched by combustion adjustment tests. Boiler efficiency variation was studied by changing factors such as oxygen content, upper tertiary air, over fire air and secondary air distribution modes. Boiler efficiency reached maximum under 3.9% design oxygen content. Carbon content in fly ash increased as upper tertiary air ratio, consequently boiler efficiency declined. Average furnace flame temperature decreased inversely as over fire air baffle opening, and boiler efficiency variation was small. Under different conditions, boil

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4

Katunský, Dušan, Martin Lopušniak, and Anna Vašková. "Temperature Stratification of Underfloor and Ceiling Based Air Heating Distribution System in an Experimental Room." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 8, no. 1 (2013): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2013-0005.

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Abstract Most of air heating and ventilating systems for passive houses inlet air in floors. It is assumed that a natural motion of air is led upwards, and so the right stratification of temperature in the space is ensured. However, in the case of excellently insulated buildings it is possible to assume that an upper inlet of air is also able to ensure the required layering of temperature. Within the experiment an influence of upper and down air inlet for temperature stratification in the space was followed. Night sensors of indoor air temperature are placed for measurement purposes. Measureme

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5

Wang, Xiao Hui, Hai Ping Xiao, Yu Kun Dai, and Lin Dong. "Experiments of Combustion Adjustment on Boiler to Reduce NO_x Emission." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.346.

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Combustion adjustment tests about air distribution modes were performed on 1 025 t/h boiler for NOx emission controlling. NOx emission was affected by factors such as oxygen content, upper tertiary air, over fire air and secondary air distribution modes. Fuel-NOx raised drastically with the increase of oxygen content. NOx concentration declined with the rise of upper tertiary air ratio. Both average flame temperature and NOx emission concentration decreased inversely with over fire air. Beam waist mode had the lowest NOx emission concentration among different air distribution modes. It emitted

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6

Pan, Ziwu, Jun Zhu, Junjie Liu, et al. "Estimation of air temperature and the mountain-mass effect in the Yellow River Basin using multi-source data." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0258549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258549.

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Quantitative studies of the multiple factors influencing the mountain-mass effect, which causes higher temperatures in mountainous than non-mountainous regions, remain insufficient. This study estimated the air temperature in the Yellow River Basin, which spans three different elevation ranges, using multi-source data to address the uneven distribution of regional meteorological stations. The differences in mountain-mass effect for different geomorphic regions at the same altitude were then compared. The Manner–Kendall nonparametric test was used to analyse time series changes in temperature.

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7

Yoshida, Atsumasa, Ryusuke Yasuda, and Shinichi Kinoshita. "Mobile Observation of Air Temperature and Humidity Distributions under Summer Sea Breezes in the Central Area of Osaka City." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (2020): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111234.

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Thermal environment of urban areas in the summertime has become harmful to human health due to global warming and the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Mobile observations enable us to obtain the distribution of air temperature at microscale, such as urban blocks, which cannot be captured by the coarse network of meteorological sites. A series of mobile measurements was executed in the central area of Osaka City in Japan, around the Nakanoshima district which lies between two rivers, to investigate the air temperature and humidity distributions in a built-up area under sea breeze conditions. Upp

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8

Huang, Xiaoxian, Zongping Li, Pengfei Zou, et al. "Modeling and Analyzing Air Supply Control to Optimize Thermal Pattern in Iron-Ore-Sintering Process." Minerals 15, no. 8 (2025): 770. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080770.

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This research proposes optimizing the thermal pattern in the sintering bed by manipulating the air supply. The impact of the air supply on the distribution of heat in the upper and lower layers of the material bed is investigated based on a numerical simulation model. An optimized air supply scheme is proposed to enhance the thermal distribution of the sintering bed. The simulation results suggest that decreasing the air supply during sintering in the upper layer leads to an increase in bed temperature and an extension of the melting zone thickness from 5 mm to 16 mm. Similarly, reducing the a

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9

Maohuan, Huang. "On the Temperature Distribution of Glaciers in China." Journal of Glaciology 36, no. 123 (1990): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002214300000945x.

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AbstractTo date, the temperatures of 22 glaciers in China have been measured. It is suggested that the minimum temperature at the base of the active layer in the upper part of the ablation area (Tmin) be used as a characteristic temperature and compared with mean annual air temperature (Ta). The temperature distribution is discussed for various glaciers. Polar-type glaciers are characterized by low temperatures withTmin&lt; −10°C,Tminclose toTvand a cold base in general; sub-polar-type glaciers with −10°C &lt;Tmin&lt; −1.0°C,Tminhigher thanTvand a melting base are usually located b

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10

Zeng, Miao, Chao Hong Guo, Zhi Ming Kang, et al. "Experimental Study on the Air-Cooling of Concrete Aggregate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1932.

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The temperature distribution and the flow resistance of air-cooled concrete aggregate are investigated in order to provide engineering guidance for the energy economization and design optimization. First, an aggregate bin is down-scaled and installed on an indoor experiment table, then tests are performed for different aggregate sizes and different inlet air velocity, with or without upper air duct. The results show that with the decrease of aggregate size, the temperature distribution turns more uniform, but the flow resistance increases; with the increase of wind velocity, the cooling rate i

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11

Dong, Min, Cheng-zhi Wang, and Lu Zhang. "Study on Fine Particle Flow Characteristics with Different Air Supply Parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801012.

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With the help of FLUENT software, the flow characteristics of fine particles in the upper air supply room with different air supply parameters were studied. The particle trajectory model was established to calculate the concentration distribution characteristics of fine particles in the upper air supply room, and the optimal air supply parameters in the working area of the personnel were researched to reduce the impact of the particles on the human health. By calculating the distribution of air flow field and particle concentration under four different air supply parameters, the optimal operat

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12

Tuck, Adrian F. "Air Temperature Intermittency and Photofragment Excitation." Meteorology 2, no. 4 (2023): 445–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/meteorology2040026.

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Four observational results: the intermittency of air temperature; its correlation with ozone photodissociation rate; the diurnal variation of ozone in the upper stratosphere; and the cold bias of meteorological analyses compared to observations, are reviewed. The excitation of photofragments and their persistence of velocity after collision is appealed to as a possible explanation. Consequences are discussed, including the interpretation of the Langevin equation and fluctuation–dissipation in the atmosphere, the role of scale invariance and statistical multifractality, and what the results mig

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13

Maohuan, Huang. "On the Temperature Distribution of Glaciers in China." Journal of Glaciology 36, no. 123 (1990): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300000945x.

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AbstractTo date, the temperatures of 22 glaciers in China have been measured. It is suggested that the minimum temperature at the base of the active layer in the upper part of the ablation area (Tmin) be used as a characteristic temperature and compared with mean annual air temperature (Ta). The temperature distribution is discussed for various glaciers. Polar-type glaciers are characterized by low temperatures with Tmin < −10°C, Tmin close to Tv and a cold base in general; sub-polar-type glaciers with −10°C < Tmin < −1.0°C, Tmin higher than Tv and a melting base are usually located b

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14

Litschmann, Tomáš, Jaroslav Rožnovský, Tomáš Středa, Hana Středová, and Jiří Hebelka. "Temperature and humidity conditions of Macocha Abyss." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 42, no. 3 (2012): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10126-012-0009-4.

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Abstract The paper deals with the evaluation of temperature and humidity measurements in the vertical profile of Macocha Abyss (Moravian Karst, South Moravia, Czech Republic). The measuring profile on a rock wall is made up of seven HOBO-PRO sensors. Two other meteorological stations are installed at the bottom and near the upper edge of the abyss. The evaluation was designed separately for warm season (June 1, 2008 to August 31, 2008) and cold season (November 1, 2008 to February 28, 2009). In the warm season, distribution of inverse temperatures dominated in the abyss. Temperature difference

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15

Korbut, V., and Viktor Mileikovskyi. "Air distribution in convex wall jets for ventilation with a constant air flow." Ventilation, Illumination and Heat Gas Supply 36 (February 8, 2021): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2409-2606.2021.36.37-50.

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The scheme of air exchange organization using air supply above a working zone by convex wall jets that interact with each other has been substantiated. This scheme is advisable in cases where it is impossible to supply air directly to the working zone. It provides optimal microclimate parameters with minimal recirculation of polluted air from the upper zone. Simulation of the air exchange organization in an exhibition hall in International Exhibition Centre in Kyiv with ventilation at a constant air volume (CAV) has been performed. The floor area is 5258 m2, the height is 19 m, the minimum out

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16

Shimarin, A. V., Yu P. Perevedentsev, and M. V. Sabirova. "PECULIARITIES OF VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF AIR TEMPERATURE IN THE TROPOSPHERE AND LOWER STRATOSPHERE." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 29, no. 2 (2019): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2019-29-2-258-266.

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The article presents the analysis of annual values of the temperature indicators of the troposphere and lower stratosphere obtained using radio sounding at upper-air stations of Kazan, Orenburg, Ufa in the period 1979-2016. Comparison of air temperature data from radiosonde observations and reanalysis series Era-interim, Ncep/Ncar, Ncep/Doe was performed. The average long-term indicators of air temperature and its standard deviation are calculated. The difference was found when comparing within 0.5-1 °C for the troposphere and 1-2 °C for the lower stratosphere. The calculated correlation coeff

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17

Han, H., T. Ning, and Z. Li. "Effects of tillage and weed management on the vertical distribution of microclimate and grain yield in a winter wheat field ." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 5 (2013): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/766/2012-pse.

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This paper presents results of a field study of the influence of tillage and weed on the vertical distribution of microclimate in the upper, middle, and deeper layers of a winter wheat population and grain yield during the 2008&ndash;2009 and 2009&ndash;2010 winter wheat growing seasons. The results showed that the microclimate of the winter wheat canopy was different among the upper, middle, and deeper layers. Illumination was higher in the upper layer of the canopy than in the middle and deeper layers; under no-tillage + weed-reserving, a greater difference was found among the 3 laye

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18

Conceição, Eusébio Z. E., Cristina I. M. Santiago, and Hazim B. Awbi. "Numerical study of different ceiling-mounted air distribution systems for a virtual classroom environment." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 10 (2016): 1382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16659325.

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This paper presents a comparative numerical study of different ceiling-mounted-localized air distribution systems placed above students in a virtual classroom in summer conditions. The influence of four different ceiling-mounted-localized air distribution systems, using vertical descendent jets, on the thermal comfort, local thermal discomfort, and air quality levels was numerically evaluated. The air distribution index, developed previously, was used for non-uniform environment. This index considers the thermal comfort level, air quality level, effectiveness for heat removal, and effectivenes

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19

Trenc, F., S. Rodman, L. Skerget, and M. Delic. "Optimum Cylinder Cooling for Advanced Diesel Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 3 (1998): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818196.

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Continuous demand for higher specific engine output simultaneously introduces problems of higher mechanical and thermal stresses of the engine components. Uneven temperature distribution in the cylinder wall of a diesel engine, especially when air-cooled, is well known. Peak local temperatures, large circumferential and longitudinal temperature gradients provoke deformations that, in turn, affect the reliability of the engine. As the result of intensive numerical and experimental investigations, a horizontal, curved channel fed with engine lubrication oil was introduced in the upper part of th

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20

Nciri, Rached, Faris Alqurashi, Chaouki Ali, and Faouzi Nasri. "A Hydrodynamic–Elastic Numerical Case Study of a Solar Collector with a Double Enclosure Filled with Air and Fe3O4/Water Nanofluid." Processes 10, no. 6 (2022): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10061195.

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This work deals with a numerical investigation of a hydrodynamic–elastic problem within the framework of a double enclosure solar collector technological configuration. The solar collector presents two enclosures separated by an elastic absorber wall. The upper enclosure is filled with air, whereas the lower one is filled with Fe3O4/water nanofluid. The mathematical model governing the thermal and flow behaviors of the considered nanofluid is elaborated. The effects of imposed hot temperatures, the Rayleigh number and air pressure on the nanofluid’s temperature contours, velocity magnitude dis

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21

Sun, Cheng Cai, Bo Zhou, and Jie Lv. "Numerical Simulation Analysis of Cold Air Distribution System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (November 2016): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.278.

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This paper based on an actual project as an example, researching the application of cold air distribution system by using the numerical simulation method. By using Fluent software to establish a three-dimensional physical model, simplificate the physical model, establish proper tuyere model, choose the appropriate turbulence model, select the appropriate boundary conditions. Then simulate indoor airflow organization, get the distribution of temperature field, velocity field in the working area, and evaluate the comfort in the working area. Though the research, this paper provides the appropria

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22

Liu, Ying, and Yanping Long. "The optimal design of airflow modes for double-layer solar air heater with perforated baffles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2876, no. 1 (2024): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2876/1/012051.

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Abstract To further improve the thermal performance of SAH, two mathematical models of the double-layer solar air heater with perforated baffles (DSAH-PB) were established to analyze the optimal airflow modes. In Mode 1, the air flowed parallelly in the upper and lower channels; in Mode 2, the airflow in the upper channel was opposite to the airflow in the lower channel. Validation against reported data showed the models’ accuracy with a maximum relative deviation of less than 10%. Results indicated that Mode 2 achieved a collection efficiency 2.57∼4.28% higher than Mode 1, attributable to a t

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Trenc, F., and R. Pavleticˇ. "Combined Air-Oil Cooling on a Supercharged TC & IC TAM Diesel Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 4 (1993): 742–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906768.

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In order to reduce the maximum cylinder wall temperatures of an air-cooled TC&IC diesel engine with large longitudinal and circumferential temperature gradients, a curved, squared cross-sectional channel supplied with engine lubrication oil was introduced into the upper part of the cylinder wall. Numerical analyses of the heat transfer within the baseline air-cooled cylinder and intensive experimental work helped to understand the temperature situation in the cylinder at diverse engine running conditions. The results of the combined cooling were greatly affected by the design, dimensions,

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24

Zheng, Liang, Qi Zhang, Kexin Zheng, et al. "Effects of Diffuse Light on Microclimate of Solar Greenhouse, and Photosynthesis and Yield of Greenhouse-grown Tomatoes." HortScience 55, no. 10 (2020): 1605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15241-20.

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The application of diffuse light can potentially improve the homogeneity of light distribution and other microclimatic factors such as temperature inside greenhouses. In this study, diffuse light plastic films with different degrees of light diffuseness (20% and 29%) were used as the south roof cover of Chinese solar greenhouses to investigate the spatial distribution of microclimatic factors and their impacts on the growth and yield of tomato. The horizontal and vertical photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) distributions, air temperature distribution, and leaf temperature distribution in

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25

Su, Ya Xin, and Xin Wan. "Numerical Simulation of the Natural Ventilation in Workshop with Different Air Inlet Openings." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3187.

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The authors numerically simulated the natural ventilation in an industrial workshop with heat sources by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method when the height of air inlet opening was set different values. The flow and temperature fields in the workshop were simulated by realizable k-e turbulent model combined with a Discrete Ordinate (DO) radiation. Results showed the height of air inlet opening strongly influenced the flow and temperature fields in the workshop. When the height of air inlet opening increased, the natural ventilation was improved and more fresh air flowed into the worksho

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26

GUPTA, G. R., M. M. NAYASTHANI, and R. K. VERMA. "Clear air turbulence (CAT) in India and neighbourhood." MAUSAM 23, no. 3 (2022): 372–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v23i3.5291.

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The present study of CAT over India and neighbourhood has been based on the inflight and -post flight reports received and on the debrief reports given by national and international operators during the period January 1966 to December 1969. CAT has been studied in its spatial and vertical distribution on the basis of, 32 available data. The effects of various upper air flow patterns, such as westerly and easterly jets and wind discontinuity etc. Contributing to the occurrence of CAT, have also been studied, An attempt has also been made in this paper towards the detection of favourable conditi

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Kobayashi, Tomohiro, Toshiya Nishiumi, and Noriko Umemiya. "Simplified Prediction Method of Vertical Temperature Distribution for Impinging Jet Ventilation System." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101097.

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The impinging jet ventilation (IJV) system is an air-distributing strategy to generate a thermal stratification in a room by supplying the air vertically toward the floor, which provides higher ventilation effectiveness than mixing ventilation. To date, however, no simplified prediction model of indoor thermal environment for an impinging jet ventilated room has been established. Therefore, this study aims to propose a simplified calculation model based on “Block Model”. This paper first presents a parametric study using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), where total supply airflow rate of a

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Zhai, Hao, Xianyi Jiang, and Chengbin Zhang. "Improving Thermal Environment of Power Generation Cabin via Vapor Chamber in Cold Regions." Processes 13, no. 4 (2025): 1260. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13041260.

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This study introduces the innovative application of a vapor chamber to mitigate fuel freezing and temperature disparity in power generation cabins operating under extreme cold conditions. A vapor chamber was designed and implemented within a low-temperature power generation platform in Daqing, China, where outdoor temperatures were below −20 °C. The research focused on evaluating the thermal performance of the cabin under natural and forced convection conditions, with and without the vapor chamber. The experimental investigations assessed the effects of the vapor chamber on the thermal dynamic

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Kovačević, Sanja. "Displacement ventilation application for living quarters." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337102001.

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The displacement ventilation applied in industrial and nonindustrial premises is considered. It is noted that there are no studies for residential buildings. The main patterns of indoor air flow in such ventilation systems are defined according to the literature data for non-industrial premises. A study was conducted on displacement flow ventilation in a living space. Air is supplied to the lower zone and extracted from the upper zone. Simulation of the room in the Star SSM+ software package was performed, and the air temperature distribution in the room volume was determined. It was found tha

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Jian, Cong Guang, Wei Su, Hui Zhang, and Fang Yang. "Application of Cold Water Spray in Mine Heat Hazard Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 2375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2375.

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For the growing problem of mine heat hazard in the deep mining, this paper mainly studies the heat source and the rock temperature variation of the fifth mining in Pingdingshan. An air cooling system is designed using the low-temperature water spray, which operates as follows: the cryogenic water prepared by refrigeration unit is transported through the transmission pipeline to the cooler installed in the working face for cooling of the air flow; then the return water is transported back into the refrigeration unit for re-refrigeration cycle; the condensing heat which is generated by refrigera

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Barbosa, S. M., M. G. Scotto, and A. M. Alonso. "Summarising changes in air temperature over Central Europe by quantile regression and clustering." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 12 (2011): 3227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-3227-2011.

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Abstract. The analysis of trends in air temperature observations is one of the most common activities in climate change studies. This work examines the changes in daily mean air temperature over Central Europe using quantile regression, which allows the estimation of trends, not only in the mean but in all parts of the data distribution. A bootstrap procedure is applied for assessing uncertainty on the derived slopes and the resulting distributions are summarised via clustering. The results show considerable spatial diversity over the central European region. A distinct behaviour is found for

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Mahajan, Sunil M., and Vishvendranath N. Bartaria. "An Experimental Study for Air Temperature Distribution in a Conditioned Room Using Various Vertical Locations of Conditioned Air Ducts." Current World Environment 19, no. 1 (2024): 482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.39.

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The Air distribution phenomenon is most useful in thermal environment study and its effectiveness. The main aim of this investigation is to examine and discover the thermal properties of the inside area and its thermal environment. The experimental work for research was studied at the first-floor lab of the government women’s polytechnic, Bhopal. The experiment was conducted in the summer and winter seasons in a closed-conditioned room with the arrangement of a conditioned air discharge duct. The conditioned air was discharged through the circular pipe duct which was set vertically. The duct h

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Cui, Zhijie, Wanling Hu, Yilin Zhang, Tianxu Ji, Wenlong Li, and Yong Guan. "Simulation research on airflow distribution performance of solar greenhouse heating system in northwest China." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 01067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235601067.

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Combined with the structure of the solar greenhouse, this paper proposed a new type of solar greenhouse heating and ventilation system with the framework of the solar greenhouse as the carrier of heating and ventilation. The system’s return air mode, tuyere type, tuyere installation position and aperture ratio were determined by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results showed that: 1) When the inlet wind speed was 10m/s and the temperature was 37°C, using the upper return air method, the average temperature of the greenhouse crop area increases by 14.7°C, which was greater than 1.3°C of

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Gierens, Klaus, Lena Wilhelm, Sina Hofer, and Susanne Rohs. "The effect of ice supersaturation and thin cirrus on lapse rates in the upper troposphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 11 (2022): 7699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7699-2022.

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Abstract. In this paper, the effects of ice-supersaturated regions and thin, subvisual cirrus clouds on lapse rates are examined. For that, probability distribution and density functions of the lapse rate and the potential temperature gradients from 10 years of measurement data from the MOZAIC/IAGOS project and ERA5 reanalysis data were produced, and an analysis of an example case of an ice-supersaturated region with a large vertical extent is performed. For the study of the probability distribution and density functions, a distinction is made between ice-subsaturated and ice-supersaturated ai

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Huang, Tao, Liangqiang Cao, Yahui Wu, Yan Yan, Wenzhe Wang, and Kai Yuan. "Research on heat dissipation optimization of servers in a computer room under different air supply modes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2835, no. 1 (2024): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2835/1/012085.

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Abstract The computational fluid dynamics method is used to study the internal heat dissipation of the original computer room, analyze the reasons for unreasonable temperature distribution, and optimization is adopted. According to the optimized computer room, the flow field and temperature field of two air supply modes are studied, and the results under different inlet air temperatures and flow rates are compared. The results show that the local temperature on both sides of the original computer room is too high, which is because the center of the server on both sides is not effectively venti

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Su, Ya Xin, A. Long Su, and Xin Wan. "Modeling of Buoyancy-Driven Natural Ventilation in Workshop: Optimization of Distance between Heat Source and Ground." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 2579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2579.

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Natural ventilation is suitable for application to workshops with heat sources to keep good indoor air quality at lower energy cost. In this paper, the authors numerically investigated the buoyancy-driven natural ventilation in a workshop with heat source based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The effect of the distance between heat source and ground on the air flow and temperature distribution was examined. Results showed that the average air temperature at operation zone could be effectively reduced when the distance between heat source and ground increased. The temperature fiel

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Lane-Serff, G. F., and S. D. Sandbach. "Emptying non-adiabatic filling boxes: the effects of heat transfers on the fluid dynamics of natural ventilation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 701 (May 23, 2012): 386–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.164.

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AbstractA model for steady flow in a ventilated space containing a heat source is developed, taking account of the main heat transfers at the upper and lower boundaries. The space has an opening at low level, allowing cool ambient air to enter the space, and an opening near the ceiling, allowing warm air to leave the space. The flow is driven by the temperature contrast between the air inside and outside the space (natural ventilation). Conductive heat transfer through the ceiling and radiant heat transfer from the ceiling to the floor are incorporated into the model, to investigate how these

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DESAI, BN. "On the formation, direction of movement and structure of the Arabian Sea Cyclone of 20-29 May 1963." MAUSAM 18, no. 1 (2022): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v18i1.3994.

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Data presented in Mazumdar's paper (1966) have been examined to understand the formation, movement and structure of the Arabian Sea cyclone of May 1963. It is observed that the conclusions arrived at by Desai and Rao (1954) in their examination of some of the famous Indian cyclones are generally supported by this case study except for the unusual southwesterly movement during the later stages which was under the directive influence of an upper tropospheric anticyclone to its west. There is evidence of asymmetric distribution of wind and weather (Desai and Basu 1933, Basu and Desai 1934) and of

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Sulastri Sabudin, Muhammad Eric Zulkarnaen, Akmal Nizam Mohammed, and Mohd Faizal Bin Mohideen Batcha. "Numerical Investigation of Temperature Distribution in a Container-type Plant Factory." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 28, no. 2 (2022): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.28.2.90101.

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A container-type plant factory is a closed facility for crop production with artificial lighting and a controlled environment allowing year-round crop production. In a plant factory, a poor ventilation system can result in physiological problems and unequal post-harvest quality which will lower the crops' commercial value. This study was conducted to investigate the temperature distribution in a container-type plant factory via computational fluid dynamics (CFD), followed by experimental studies for validation. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simul

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Li, Zongxing, Peng Lu, Jiaru Zhou, et al. "Evolution of the Floe Size Distribution in Arctic Summer Based on High-Resolution Satellite Imagery." Remote Sensing 16, no. 14 (2024): 2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16142545.

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In this paper, based on high-resolution satellite images near an ice bridge in the Canadian Basin, we extracted floe size parameters and analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the parameters through image processing techniques. The floe area shows a decreasing trend over time, while the perimeter and mean clamped diameter (MCD) exhibit no obvious pattern of change. In addition, the roundness of floes, reflected by shape parameters, generally decreases initially and then increases, and the average roundness of small floes is smaller than that of large floes. To correct the deviations f

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Gaczoł, Tomasz. "Natural balanced ventilation. Simulations part 2." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900026.

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The paper is devoted to test results of air flow through natural ventilation supply-exhaust ducts in the rooms located on the upper floor of the building that were conducted in ANSYS Fluent software. Three types of solutions were selected for the tests: air inflow into the room through the air intake located at the basement level, air inflow through the window ventilator (although no longer used, this solution can be found in many existing residential buildings) and the natural ventilation system supported with the so-called “solar chimney” that is usually a glass superstructure, located on th

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ALTIOK, Η., and M. KAYIŞOĞLU. "Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Water Exchange in the Strait of Istanbul." Mediterranean Marine Science 16, no. 3 (2015): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1225.

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Temperature and salinity distribution and volume fluxes through the Strait of Istanbul were analysed using long-term monthly time series of temperature-salinity (1996-2010) and current profiles (1999-2010) collected at both ends of the strait. While annual cycle of the upper layer temperature, with minima in February and maxima in August, reflects the influence of air temperature with a near monthly phase shift, annual cycle of the upper layer salinity, with lowest values observed between April to September, is mostly affected by river discharge into the Western Black Sea. The seasonal variati

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Houšová, J., and K. Hoke. "Temperature profiles in microwave heated solid foods of slab geometry: Influence of process parameters." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 19, No. 3 (2013): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6586-cjfs.

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A simple 1-D mathematical model for prediction of local temperatures in a layer of solid material during microwave heating (Hou&scaron;ov&aacute; et al. 1998) and a sensitivity analysis were used to evaluate the influence of process and material parameters on vertical temperature profiles in a layer of material during heating. The results of calculations are presented in graphs and discussed. The incident microwave power and heat capacity and density of heated material are parameters with great effect on all local and average temperatures and local and average heating rates. The shape

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Miao, Dejun, Xiujie Chen, Jiaqi Ji, Yueying Lv, Yiran Zhang, and Xiuhua Sui. "New Technology for Preventing and Controlling Air Leakage in Goaf Based on the Theory of Wind Flow Boundary Layer." Processes 10, no. 5 (2022): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050954.

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Air leakage in the goaf is a fundamental reason for the high-temperature heat damage of the coal mining face and the gas concentration in the upper corner exceeding the limit. Combined with the boundary layer theory, this study analyzes the airflow state of the coal mining face. We propose installing a new air curtain system to prevent air leakage in the goaf. The length of the intake air curtain is determined by solving the theoretical equation. Numerical simulation is used to study different layout schemes of air curtains, and the spatial distribution law of different air volumes inside the

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Guo, Fei. "Research on Uniform of Cross-Section Performance about H-Beams after Ultra-Fast Cooling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2383, no. 1 (2022): 012119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2383/1/012119.

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Using software, the analysis of temperature field of H-beams after ultra-fast cooling and air cooling was made. On the basis of numerical computation result of temperature distribution. The surface temperature of web and flange dropped to 420°C after UFC, while the other, that of R corner was 400°C. The center temperature of web was 650°C, while that of flange and R corner was still about 800°C, so the temperature drop of web was the biggest. The duration of temperature rise in R corner was longer. The entrance of the UFC system in hot rolling H-beam production line, and the temperature of upp

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Arthanto, Dwi Handoko, B. Nuryadin, Fitrianto, et al. "Discharge and Thermal Distribution Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Battery Pack in Closed Circuit System." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 21, no. 1 (2024): 11166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.21.1.2024.17.0863.

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This paper presents an experimental study of the depth of discharge (DOD) and temperature distribution characteristics at different locations of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack in the closed circuit system. Three different discharge power setups i.e., 600 W, 800 W, and 1000 W are prepared for investigating the depth of discharge and temperature characteristics of commercial LIB. Voltage measurement was implemented to achieve the DOD curve, while thermocouple measurement was used to identify real-time temperature at four different locations of the LIB. As a result, internal resistance and di

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Chang, Shujie, Min Shao, Chunhua Shi, and Hua Xu. "Intercomparing the Response of Tropospheric and Stratospheric Temperature to Two Types of El Niño Onset." Advances in Meteorology 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6414368.

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Based on Remote Sensing Systems-retrieved temperature data in the period of January 1979 to February 2016, the response of stratospheric and tropospheric temperature in boreal winter to two previously defined types of El Niño [spring (SP) and summer (SU)] is investigated. The results show that, the response of temperature under SP onset involves a significant positive anomaly, with a symmetric distribution about the equator over the Indian Ocean region in the lower troposphere (850 hPa) and a negative anomaly in the lower stratosphere (50 hPa). Meanwhile, in the area 30°N and 30°S of the equat

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Masi, Bruno Pereira, Isabela Maria Macedo, and Ilana Rosental Zalmon. "Annual and spatial variation of intertidal benthic community zonation in a breakwater off the Rio de Janeiro coast, south-eastern Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 2 (2009): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408003032.

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The present study aims to evaluate the vertical distribution of intertidal benthic organisms in different periods of the year, relating them to tide, air temperature, height and wave periodicity in breakwaters off the northern Rio de Janeiro State, and to compare the zonation at two sites (Pier and Barra) with distinct hydrodynamics, due to different wave swell. Quadrats of 400 cm2 were sampled by a photoquadrat method. The upper limit of the marine organisms was higher at the Barra site (intertidal zone of 3.8 m) than at the Pier site (intertidal zone of 2.2 m). The littoral fringe assemblage

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Smirnova, A., X. Dong, H. Hara, and N. Sammes. "Aerogel-Based PEMFC Catalysts Operating at Room Temperature." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 4 (2006): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2349532.

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A carbon-aerogel-supported Pt catalyst with 22nm pore size distribution and low Pt loading (0.1mg∕cm2) has been tested in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The performance of the PEMFC and kinetic parameters of the catalyst at room temperature are discussed in terms of microstructure of the support and sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene (Nafion) distribution. The PEMFCs demonstrated power densities up to 0.5mW∕cm2 at 0.6V in air∕hydrogen and 2atm backpressure on both cathode and anode. Continuous cycling with upper potential sweep limits of 1.0 and 1.2V leads to degradation effects tha

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Siswanto, Eko, Angga Veriyawan Rahana, Moch Agus Choiron, Nagata Ryuichi, Hiroshi Katsurayama, and Katoh Yasuo. "Convective Regimes on Porous Media within Sudden Changed Channel due to Tangential Gas Flow." Applied Mechanics and Materials 836 (June 2016): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.836.96.

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Study of lateral heat distribution in porous media caused by tangentially heated air flow is presented. Purpose of present study is to investigate effect of air velocity streamed tangentially, through a sudden enlarged-contracted channel, over a porous media layer toward heat distribution inside the layer. Air with temperature 373 K, as a heat source, is streamed over upper-facing of the porous layer, while its intake velocities are varied respectively at 0.5 to 2.5 m/s. Lower-facing of the porous layer, temperature is held on 313 K constant, as a heat sink. The consolidated porous layer is ma

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