To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Utilitarian assessment.
Journal articles on the topic 'Utilitarian assessment'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Utilitarian assessment.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hardin, Russell. "UTILITARIAN AGGREGATION." Social Philosophy and Policy 26, no. 1 (2008): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052509090025.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThere can be no relevant cardinal assessment of the welfares of individuals that would allow traditional comparisons of average and total welfare of whole societies to be made. Given that cardinally additive welfare measures are unavailable, I work out some of the implications of an ordinal utilitarian analysis of international distributional issues. I first address the general problem of utilitarian comparisons between aggregates, then the nature of ordinal transfers between groups or nations, and then the complications that population growth in impoverished nations entails for such comparisons. I conclude with remarks on the difficulties and the benefits of thinking ordinally in general.
2
LANG, GERALD. "Should Utilitarianism Be Scalar?" Utilitas 25, no. 1 (2013): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820812000295.
Full textAbstract:
Scalar utilitarianism, a form of utilitarianism advocated by Alastair Norcross, retains utilitarianism's evaluative commitments while dispensing with utilitarianism's deontic commitments, or its commitment to the existence or significance of moral duties, obligations and requirements. This article disputes the effectiveness of the arguments that have been used to defend scalar utilitarianism. It is contended that Norcross's central ‘Persuasion Argument’ does not succeed, and it is suggested, more positively, that utilitarians cannot easily distance themselves from deontic assessment, just as long as scalar utilitarians admit – as they should do – that utilitarian evaluation generates normative reasons for action.
3
Shnyakina, N. Ju, and A. M. Klyoster. "Pragmatic Basis for Utilitarian Evaluation in German Engineering Discourse." Professional Discourse & Communication 5, no. 4 (2023): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2687-0126-2023-5-4-11-26.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates how engineering discourse evaluates technical developments based on their utility, uselessness, or harm. It examines German-language specialized texts that report on contemporary scientific innovations, using a functional-pragmatic analysis method to explore the propositional structure of statements that convey utilitarian information. The article, published in a scientific journal, is considered in this study as a situationally conditioned speech act that aims to inform readers through the communicative strategy of explanation. The analysis focuses on identifying the implicit configurations that the author creates in the linguistic expression of propositions such as “fact,” “opinion,” and “assessment.” The combination of these propositions in one context allows describing the ways of presenting scientific data from a utilitarian point of view. Utilitarian evaluation mainly depends on the author’s explanation of cause-and-effect relationships, which form the basis for assessments. Moreover, the author often refers to authoritative opinions or experimental results to support the evaluation. The text also includes unargued assessments, which invite the reader to agree or disagree. The analysis in this paper shows that utilitarian assessments in engineering discourse are driven by the goal of professional communication. They follow the principles of rationality, provability, and objectivity, which are reflected in the author’s deliberate detachment from the subject of description. These pragmatic features are related to the values of professional communication, which involve not only providing reliable data but also promoting progressive ideas in society. The rhetorical effect of persuasion achieved by reasoned objectification of utilitarian assessments in the text is a distinctive characteristic of scientific discourse. It is also an efficient way of fulfilling the objectives of specialized communication. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pragmatic aspects of utilitarian evaluation in engineering discourse, highlighting its empirical basis and its importance for the wider field of professional communication.
4
Yurak, V. V., M. N. Ignatyeva, and I. G. Polyanskaya. "Evaluation Theory in Environmental Economics: Territorial Aspect." Economy of Region 17, no. 4 (2021): 1059–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-4-2.
Full textAbstract:
The desire to assess the value of natural resources led to the emergence of the evaluation theory in environmental economics. However, the lack of a systematic approach to the natural resources evaluation, as well as undefined assessment boundaries hinder the development of the such a theory, including the concepts of ecosystem services and total economic value. Based on the review of relevant scientific publications, the paper aims to analyse the evolution of the evaluation theory in environmental economics, as well as to reveal its general trends and phenomena. The methods of systematisation and content analysis were applied along with evolutionary and regional approaches. The example of the natural resources development in the northern regions was used to trace the evolution of the evaluation theory in Russia. A number of basic trends and phenomena in the development of the examined theory were identified. An axiological (subjective) value has been converging with an objective value of natural resources due to the integration of various assessment factors: 1) utilitarian (early 19th — mid-20th centuries); 2) utilitarian and social, utilitarian and ecological (mid-20th century — the turn of the 20th-21st centuries); 3) utilitarian, social and ecological in aggregate (early 21st century — present day). The evaluation object (territorial aspect) has also been expanded from local assessment to the assessment of the natural resource potential of regions and the world. The paper demonstrates that the evaluation theory in environmental economics, which now considers utilitarian, social and ecological aspects, will continue to develop by creating new paradigms, approaches, methods and techniques for assessing the value of nature resources in order to converge the axiological and objective values.
5
Riley, Jonathan. "J. S. Mill's Liberal Utilitarian Assessment of Capitalism Versus Socialism." Utilitas 8, no. 1 (1996): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800004726.
Full textAbstract:
John Stuart Mill argued, in his Principles of Political Economy (1848, 7th edn., 1871), that existing laws and customs of private property ought to be reformed to promote a far more egalitarian form of capitalism than hitherto observed anywhere. He went on to suggest that such an ideal capitalism might evolve spontaneously into a decentralized socialism involving a market system of competing worker co-operatives. That possibility of market socialism emerged only as the working classes gradually developed the intellectual and moral qualities required for worker co-operatives to succeed against private firms. Workers would tend to reject the hierarchical wage relation as they developed the requisite personal qualities, he believed, and capitalists, facing escalating wages for skilled labour as a result of the diminishing supply of high-quality workers for hire, would tend to lend their capital to the worker co-operatives ‘at a diminishing rate of interest, and at last, perhaps, even to exchange their capital for terminable annuities. In this or some such mode’, he speculated, ‘the existing accumulations of capital might honestly, and by a kind of spontaneous process, become in the end the joint property of all who participate in their productive employment: a transformation which, thus effected, (and assuming of course that both sexes participate equally in the rights and in the government of the association) would be the nearest approach to social justice, and the most beneficial ordering of industrial affairs for the universal good, which it is possible at present to foresee.’
6
Knowles, Dudley. "Conservative Utilitarianism." Utilitas 12, no. 2 (2000): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800002764.
Full textAbstract:
The resilience of utilitarian ethics in the face of unremitting criticism can be explained in part by its use of various strategies of indirect utilitarianism. The success of these strategies throws up a distinctive problem: how can one measure the utility of moral rules, large-scale social institutions or character traits distinctive of virtues? Reading Hume as a utilitarian of sorts in his treatment of justice (and rejecting contractarian readings), I explain his conservative endorsement of entrenched social practices as a consequence of his broadly functionalist approach. I claim that this account has enough merit to ground conservativism in ethics as a satisfactory default position. Projects for reform rather than established institutions are the proper object of utilitarian assessment, thus finessing the problem of measurement I opened up initially.
7
Arnason, Gardar. "Objections still fail: a response to Faria." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 5 (2017): 334–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2017-104586.
Full textAbstract:
In her reply to my critical assessment of objections to the Weatherall report’s justification of non-human primate (NHP) research, Catia Faria focuses on three objections which she entitles ‘the disanalogy’, ‘the utilitarian calculus’ and ‘species overlap’. Faria finds my assessment unconvincing, butI argue that the objections still fail.
8
Hugé, Jean, Anne-Julie Rochette, Luc Janssens de Bisthoven, Farid Dahdouh-Guebas, Nico Koedam, and Maarten P. M. Vanhove. "Utilitarian framings of biodiversity shape environmental impact assessment in development cooperation." Environmental Science & Policy 75 (September 2017): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.06.003.
Full text
9
Khaksar, Somaye, and Reza Modarres. "How good are giant handaxes in utilitarian functions? An experimental assessment." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 53 (February 2024): 104301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.104301.
Full text
10
Khomyakov, Maxim. "Should science be evaluated?" Social Science Information 60, no. 3 (2021): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/05390184211022101.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses different approaches to the evaluation of science and higher education. The author distinguishes three types of research assessment: one where substantial evaluation is an integral part of the research itself, a moral one, which implies ethical assessment of the research procedures and its implications, and a utilitarian assessment, which refers to the weighting of the research costs and benefits for society. It is this third type of evaluation that the article discusses in details. The author demonstrates that instead of evaluating costs and benefits per se, utilitarian evaluation today is based upon bibliometric indicators, which provide false expectations of objectivity and quantifiability and about the democratic nature of such research assessment. Bibliometric research indicators form also the basis of the institutional assessment of higher education organizations in the framework of world university rankings. The article problematizes the simplified concept of research university, in correspondence to which higher education institutions are evaluated according to the conducted research. The author claims that quantitative evaluation motivates individuals and organizations to adopt a certain type of opportunistic behavior, harmful for the organic development of research.
11
De la Iglesia, Guadalupe, and Alejandro Castro Solano. "Personalidad y usos de internet: Rasgos Normales vs. Continuos de la Personalidad." Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento 16, no. 4 (2024): 73–85. https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.v16.n4.40135.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to study the relation between Dual Personality Model’s trait continuums (combinations of pathological and positive traits; de la Iglesia & Castro Solano, 2021) and internet use, and to compare them with Five Factor Model traits (FFM; Costa & McCrae, 1984). Sample was composed by 745 internet users with an average age of 38.7 years old (SD = 14.4; 57% female). Internet use with leisure motive was higher in those with less emotional management (EMI) and those with lack of interest in others (IOI), and it was lower in those with high adherence to rules (ARI), impulse control (ICI) and greater environmental control (ECI). Additionally, utilitarian and work use was higher in those with higher IOI and ECI. Regarding personality adjustment (PAI) in a global assessment, healthy personality profiles are characterized by a utilitarian and work use, and those with pathological personality profiles use internet with recreational or social motives. Trait continuums significantly increased the explained variance regarding the use of utilitarian platforms and all kinds of internet use, when compared to FFM traits. Findings give further evidence of the utility of incorporating continuums traits assessment when studying personality, given that the conjointly association of pathological and positive aspects increases the explanation of the phenomenon in a significant manner.
12
Slicer, Deborah. "Your Daughter or Your Dog? A Feminist Assessment of the Animal Research Issue." Hypatia 6, no. 1 (1991): 108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1991.tb00212.x.
Full textAbstract:
I bring several ecofeminist critiques of deep ecology to bear on mainstream animal rights theories, especially on the rights and utilitarian treatments of the animal research issue. Throughout, I show how animal rights issues are feminist issues and clarify the relationship between ecofeminism and animal rights.
13
Beisbart, Claus, Luc Bovens, and Stephan Hartmann. "A Utilitarian Assessment of Alternative Decision Rules in the Council of Ministers." European Union Politics 6, no. 4 (2005): 395–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116505057814.
Full text
14
McCafferty, James T. "Unjust Disparities? The Impact of Race on Juvenile Risk Assessment Outcomes." Criminal Justice Policy Review 29, no. 5 (2016): 423–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403416634163.
Full textAbstract:
Research on risk assessments has illustrated many utilitarian purposes of these tools, including the robust prediction of recidivism and uniformity in correctional decision making. Recently, however, Former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder vocalized his position that actuarial risk assessments could be unintentionally contributing to disproportionate minority contact in the correctional system. This study used data from approximately 2,600 juvenile delinquents assessed with the Ohio Youth Assessment System–Disposition Instrument to examine these claims across subsamples of White and Black youth. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the instrument predicted recidivism similarly across the two groups. There were slightly more prediction errors for Black youth than White youth; however, these differences may be the result of methodological factors rather than empirical realities. The article concluded with a discussion of the implications that potential racial biases have on risk assessment research and practice.
15
Budiharseno, Rianmahardhika Sahid, Narariya Dita Handani, and Seo Joo Hwan. "Impact of utilitarian value and hedonic value on purchase in online store in Indonesia." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (2020): e1159108305. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8305.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, Indonesia shopping patterns have significantly changed. E-commerce continues to grow rapidly as online shopping has become increasingly attractive. Online shopping saves time and offers convenience. This study was conducted in order to assess the impact of utilitarian and hedonic values on purchasing from online stores in Indonesia. The focus of the assessment was on five dimensions of hedonism and utilitarianism, which are: usefulness, enjoyment, ease of use, trustworthiness, and distribution channel (settlement). A total of 484 respondents were randomly asked to be participants. A questionnaire was the research instrument used to survey the participants for data gathering. The data was then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Among the indicators tested, it was found that usefulness, enjoyment, ease of use, and distribution channel impacted hedonic values and utilitarian values significantly. Trustworthiness was the dimension that was not significant. For this study, the hypothesis was made that usefulness and enjoyment positively impacted impulsiveness. It can be concluded that whether due to utilitarian, hedonic, or impulsive motives, it will not be a problem. Indonesian shoppers will make purchases thru online shopping even if they have different motivations and purposes.
16
Maher, Brendan. "When the coefficient hits the clinic: Effect size and the size of the effect." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, no. 2 (1998): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x9840116x.
Full textAbstract:
The usefulness of effect-size differs in utilitarian experiments from its use in theory corroborations. Chow introduces the question of the relationship of effect-size to practical validity and the role of the assessment of “importance” in this. This review develops this question and suggests the actuarial table as a replacement for effect-size in practical decision-making.
17
Ekpe, Prince Patrick, Stephen Chijioke Nwinya, Denis Ogwu, and Matthias Achong Ejukwe. "Assessing Economic Reforms in Nigeria in the Light of Bentham’s Principle of Utility." European Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (2025): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejahss.2025.2(2).12.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines Nigeria's recent economic reforms using Jeremy Bentham's principle of utility, which posits that policies should be evaluated based on their ability to maximize the greatest good for the greatest number of people. The study focused on key economic initiatives implemented by President Bola Tinubu's administration, including the controversial removal of fuel subsidies and the unification of exchange rates. With Bentham's utilitarian framework, the research analyzes the potential long-term benefits of these reforms against their immediate societal impacts, particularly on vulnerable populations. The paper used philosophical analysis to assess whether these economic reforms are embedded in utilitarian principle of greatest good to the greatest number and found them wanting in that regard. The paper concluded by suggesting ways to enhance the integration of utilitarian principles in Nigerian economic policymaking, including the development of more sophisticated social impact assessment tools and greater emphasis on public consultation through the use of long term profitable policies. It proposed that the purpose of policy making should be to satisfy the useful needs and not just for the sake of policy making. Economic reforms should demonstrate usefulness to the economy and the people and not just theories that have no usefulness to the citizens and the economy.
18
Ekpe, Prince Patrick, Stephen Chijioke Nwinya, Denis Ogwu, and Matthias Achong Ejukwe. "Assessing Economic Reforms in Nigeria in the Light of Bentham's Principle of Utility." European Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (2025): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejahss.2025.2(2).12.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines Nigeria's recent economic reforms using Jeremy Bentham's principle of utility, which posits that policies should be evaluated based on their ability to maximize the greatest good for the greatest number of people. The study focused on key economic initiatives implemented by President Bola Tinubu's administration, including the controversial removal of fuel subsidies and the unification of exchange rates. With Bentham's utilitarian framework, the research analyzes the potential long-term benefits of these reforms against their immediate societal impacts, particularly on vulnerable populations. The paper used philosophical analysis to assess whether these economic reforms are embedded in utilitarian principle of greatest good to the greatest number and found them wanting in that regard. The paper concluded by suggesting ways to enhance the integration of utilitarian principles in Nigerian economic policymaking, including the development of more sophisticated social impact assessment tools and greater emphasis on public consultation through the use of long term profitable policies. It proposed that the purpose of policy making should be to satisfy the useful needs and not just for the sake of policy making. Economic reforms should demonstrate usefulness to the economy and the people and not just theories that have no usefulness to the citizens and the economy.
19
Остапенко, Е. А. "Assessment of trends and forecasting the dynamics of the regional economy." Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki, no. 2(43) (June 17, 2020): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2078-4023-2020-43-2-114-121.
Full textAbstract:
В статье рассматривается утилитарное применение сценарного подхода в практике управления региональным развитием. Изучен опыт, обусловлена целесообразность разработки целевых сценариев социально-экономического развития региона. Рассмотрена взаимосвязь сценарного подхода с обеспечением устойчивого развития и вариантов решения проблемы модернизации экономики региона. The article discusses the utilitarian application of the scenario approach in the practice of managing regional development. The experience was studied, the expediency of developing targeted scenarios for the socio-economic development of the region was determined. The relationship of the scenario approach with ensuring sustainable development and options for solving the problems of modernization of the economy of the region is considered.
20
PLASSART, ANNA. "JAMES MILL, THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE PROBLEM OF CIVIL RELIGION." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 3 (2017): 679–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244317000397.
Full textAbstract:
This article argues for a reassessment of James Mill's anticlerical, and possibly atheistic, brand of secularism. Mill's well-known religious skepticism and criticism of the Church of England, it is suggested, have tended to obscure his otherwise dispassionate assessment of religion as a social phenomenon. The article traces Mill's lifelong belief that religious improvement was a necessary precondition to societal progress, from his first major publication in 1805 to his late advocacy of a tolerant state religion in 1835. In this, Mill differed starkly from Jeremy Bentham, who considered all religious beliefs harmful and whose utopian utilitarian society was secular rather than tolerant. The article contends that eighteenth-century Scottish enquiries into human manners and religious progress directly inspired Mill's lifelong ambition to use religion as a tool to reform manners and create the educated public opinion he believed was indispensable to the enactment of his democratic and utilitarian programme.
21
Flexas, Albert, Raúl López-Penadés, Eva Aguilar-Mediavilla, and Daniel Adrover-Roig. "Meanness trumps language: Lack of foreign language effect in early bilinguals’ moral choices." PLOS ONE 18, no. 11 (2023): e0294523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294523.
Full textAbstract:
Moral decision-making is influenced by various factors, including personality and language. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the Foreign-Language effect (FLe) in early, highly proficient, Catalan-Spanish bilinguals and examined the role of several personality dimensions in their responses to moral dilemmas. We obtained a multilevel data structure with 766 valid trials from 52 Catalan-dominant undergraduate students who read and responded anonymously to a computerized task with 16 standardized moral dilemmas, half in Catalan and half in Spanish. Results of a multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that consistent with previous research, participants gave more utilitarian responses to impersonal than personal dilemmas. The language of the dilemma had no effect on the response (dichotomous: utilitarian vs. deontological), decision time, or affective ratings, contradicting the hypothesis of shallower emotional processing of the information in the second language. Interestingly, cruelty features of psychopathy were significantly associated with an enhanced proportion of utilitarian decisions irrespective of the language or the nature of the dilemmas. Furthermore, cruelty features interacted with participants’ assessment of dilemma aspects like vividness and verisimilitude. Overall, our findings suggest that early bilinguals immersed in a dual-language context using close Romance languages do not show the FLe and that personality traits like cruelty can modulate moral decisions regardless of language or dilemma type.
22
D´Ambrosio, Ubiratan. "Mathematics Education as a response to societal needs." Revista Internacional de Pesquisa em Educação Matemática 1, no. 1 (2011): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37001/ripem.v1i1.1123.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper I will discuss alternative proposals for Mathematics Education, taking into account its impact in the social processes. I start with discussing some of the recognized values for Mathematics Education. Essentially, the following set of six basic values are accepted: 1. Utilitarian; 2. Academic; 3. Formative (of reasoning); 4. Cultural; 5. Sociological; 6. Aesthetic. Affecting all these values, the question of assessment is of fundamental importance.
23
Snowden, Peter. "Practical aspects of clinical risk assessment and management." British Journal of Psychiatry 170, S32 (1997): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000298711.
Full textAbstract:
It is debatable whether the notion of dangerousness now has any utilitarian value for psychiatry. The presence or absence of dangerousness is very much in the eye of the beholder. It is an all or nothing term – you either have it or you do not! While there is usually little disagreement about the few very violent individuals “who, for 24 hours a day, and in any situation, are likely to cause harm to others” (Chiswick, 1995), most patients are not in this category and “little bit dangerous” is unlikely to be of much comfort to clinical staff. It is unhelpful to deny that dangerousness is any more than an adjective which has been elevated into a pseudoscientific construct whose definitions (Scott, 1977; Walker, 1978; Home Office & DHSS, 1975) amount to little more than “past harm predicts future behaviour”.
24
Taskarakova, N. N., and K. A. Pokoiakova. "Assessment and types of its representation in Khakass proverbs and sayings." Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia, no. 51 (2024): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2024-3-132-141.
Full textAbstract:
Assessment holds a significant position in contemporary linguistic research. Nevertheless, the assessment category has not yet been specifically studied in the context of Khakass language paremic expressions. This study categorizes the different forms of assessment found in Khakass proverbs and sayings. A range of sources was used, including a collection of Khakass proverbs, sayings, a Khakass-Russian dictionary, folklore, and artistic texts. The analysis has demonstrated a substantial prevalence of proverbs and sayings carrying evaluative meanings of a private nature, encompassing ethical, aesthetic, mental-psychological, teleological, and utilitarian evaluations. Assessment is expressed as a desire for a certain norm, a pattern of behavior. By means of private assessments, a selection is made between concepts of good and evil, morality and immorality, and the like. Understanding the evaluative semantics of proverbs and sayings in the Khakass language contributes to a deeper understanding of the national characteristics of the ethnic group. The ethical negative assessment is predominantly conveyed in the proverbial fund of the Khakass language, taking the form of moral teachings and prohibitions. The distinctive characteristics of aesthetic assessment involve drawing figurative parallels between the beauty of a Khakass woman and the sun and the moon and recognizing the beauty of a man through his moral resilience. The assessments found in the Khakass paremiological fund encompass both universal and ethnocultural values that depict the Khakass worldview. The investigation of Khakass paremiology presents further opportunities to uncover the characteristics of normative meanings and their overall evaluative connotations.
25
Han, Heesup, Wei Quan, Eloy Gil-Cordero, Juan-Pedro Cabrera-Sánchez, and Jongsik Yu. "Performance of Retail Stores at Airports and Their Role in Boosting Traveler Satisfaction and Willingness to Repurchase." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020590.
Full textAbstract:
Despite its criticality for airport business, duty-free shopping at the retail stores of airports has received scant attention. To overcome this difference, this study explains the complex process via which travelers show their willingness to repurchase in the context of airport retail stores. A quantitative process comprising a field survey is conducted for data collection. The measurement quality is assessed and established through the evaluation of a measurement model. As a result of analyzing the structural equation model, it was found that the perceived performance, utilitarian value, hedonic value, and satisfaction evaluation of airport retail stores play a crucial role in determining traveler willingness to repurchase. The conceptual framework encompassing these concepts also adequately accounts for traveler willingness to repurchase. Moreover, our results from the invariance assessment reveal that the moderating impact of shopping engagement on the hypothesized relationship between utilitarian value and satisfaction evaluation is significant. Overall, the proposed direct associations among theoretical constructs within our framework are well supported. Furthermore, the efficacy of the proposed theoretical framework for a clear understanding of airport shoppers’ post-purchase behaviors is successfully identified.
26
Han, Heesup, Wei Quan, Eloy Gil-Cordero, Juan-Pedro Cabrera Sánchez, and Jongsik Yu. "Performance of Retail Stores at Airports and Their Role in Boosting Traveler Satisfaction and Willingness to Repurchase." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020590.
Full textAbstract:
Despite its criticality for airport business, duty-free shopping at the retail stores of airports has received scant attention. To overcome this difference, this study explains the complex process via which travelers show their willingness to repurchase in the context of airport retail stores. A quantitative process comprising a field survey is conducted for data collection. The measurement quality is assessed and established through the evaluation of a measurement model. As a result of analyzing the structural equation model, it was found that the perceived performance, utilitarian value, hedonic value, and satisfaction evaluation of airport retail stores play a crucial role in determining traveler willingness to repurchase. The conceptual framework encompassing these concepts also adequately accounts for traveler willingness to repurchase. Moreover, our results from the invariance assessment reveal that the moderating impact of shopping engagement on the hypothesized relationship between utilitarian value and satisfaction evaluation is significant. Overall, the proposed direct associations among theoretical constructs within our framework are well supported. Furthermore, the efficacy of the proposed theoretical framework for a clear understanding of airport shoppers’ post-purchase behaviors is successfully identified.
27
Li, Yan, and Yiyi Li. "Review of Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Anthropomorphism: A Case Study of Service Robots." Advances in Computer and Materials Scienc Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 52. https://doi.org/10.70114/acmsr.2025.2.1.p52.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenon of anthropomorphism in human-computer interaction, with a focus on service robots such as intelligent assistants. This review on anthropomorphism identifies key factors influencing the perception of artificial intelligence anthropomorphism, emphasizing user characteristics (personality, demographic information, knowledge) and aspects of agents (appearance, social role, behavior). The study highlights the different impacts of hedonic and utilitarian tasks during the anthropomorphism process and calls for future work to focus on developing assessment models for the degree of service robot anthropomorphism
28
Alimpiiev, Yevhenii. "Integral assessment of the macroeconomic equilibrium on the example of the Polish economy." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 19, no. 2 (2018): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2045.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to test the validity of the use of an integral estimation of macroeconomic equilibrium for the analysis of the effectiveness of national economy’s management. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis as well as comparison methods, we focused on the study of existing macroeconomic equilibrium indicators in order to cho¬ose the most utilitarian indicator in accordance with such criteria as the level of aggregation of macroeconomic indicators within a single quantitative index; minimization of prelimina¬ry calculations without loss of the quality of the information content of the index; existence of appropriate theoretical background. The calculations included the macroeconomic data of the Polish economy in 2000-2016.
29
Bogachev, Viktor, Alexandra Kravets, and Olga Mulenko. "Egalitarian and utilitarian approaches in the green logistics of multimodal grain’s transportation." BIO Web of Conferences 43 (2022): 03019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224303019.
Full textAbstract:
A multi-agent approach is proposed in the complex researches time and cost indicators of multimodal freight transportation on the railway loop, carried out in the direction of the port unloading stations. Along with the traditional subjects of the transportation process, such as the infrastructure owner, the carrier, the operator company (the rolling stock owner), the logistics company and clients (consignors and cargo’s owners), a “green logistics” agent is introduced. This agent is a concept that accumulates forms of manifestation of a conscious attitude of society to the environment in transport and logistics activities. Based on the assessment of the transport and technological railway loop infrastructure and the cost of transport services, a mathematical model of the freight transportation process is built, which is a multi-criteria transport problem. The choice of objective functions and constraints in the task is aimed at, first of all, taking into account the diverse interests of the agent “green logistics”. The algorithm for solving the problem, presented in the form of an integer programming problem, is based on the fundamental principles of the egalitarian and utilitarian approaches in the welfare theory. The implementation of the corresponding calculations for the grain transportation is performed in the environment of the computer mathematics system.
30
Kłosowski, Grzegorz, and Tomasz Rymarczyk. "APPLICATION OF CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN WALL MOISTURE IDENTIFICATION BY EIT METHOD." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 12, no. 1 (2022): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.2883.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the results of research in the area of using deep neural networks to identify moisture inside the walls of buildings using electrical impedance tomography. Two deep neural networks were used to transform the input measurements into images of damp places - convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent long short-term memory networks LSTM. After training both models, a comparative assessment of the results obtained thanks to them was made. The conclusions show that both models are highly utilitarian in the analyzed problem. However, slightly better results were obtained with the LSTM method.
31
Sylvestre, Marie-Eve. "Rethinking Criminal Responsibility for Poor Offenders: Choice, Monstrosity, and the Logic of Practice." McGill Law Journal 55, no. 4 (2011): 771–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000785ar.
Full textAbstract:
In theory and in discourse, Canadian criminal law insists on the importance of free will, choice, and difference in order to hold someone criminally responsible and to legitimize punishment. Yet legal doctrine is constructed and applied in a very technical and descriptive manner that usually casts aside practical considerations, proceeds on utilitarian grounds, and simplifies what it means to be free, rational, and different. Recent proposals to strengthen or to eliminate the retributive model (e.g., to include in the analysis considerations such as socio-economic disparities and power differential or to definitely shift the discourse toward utilitarian considerations) still rely on assumptions about agency, liberty, and equality that are grounded in contested sociological evidence. As a result, their capacity to promote concrete reform is limited. In this paper, the author draws from the works of Bourdieu and other praxis theorists and argues that their research could shed new light on our understanding of choice and difference—two essential components in the assessment of responsibility. The author concludes by showing what criminal law theory could look like, especially in the case of poor offenders, if reformers were to consider such sociological evidence.
32
Ms. Priyanka Lamba and Prof. (Dr). M.K.Nair. "An assessment of comfortable sports Shoe in terms of MD [material + design] factors." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 4 (2023): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i04.023.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to identify the comfortable sports shoes which are available with the participants and investigate the reasons for the comfortable sports shoes. Forty-five Delhi-national capital region Indian youth males participated in the study. A one-on-one discussion was conducted to fill the experience survey questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of two parts. First part consists of demographic details and second part includes the choice factors, but the comfortable factors [choice F1-F9] was mentioned by the participants and even scaled by them on the five point likert scale. Their sports shoe was found most comfortable and least comfortable mainly on the basis of utilitarian experience. The good comfortable shoes have the qualities like good material (M) and nicely designed (D).i.e. MD factors.
33
Cieślak, Iwona, Dominika Strumiłło-Rembowska, and Karol Szuniewicz. "Application of Qualimetric Methods for Evaluation of Urbanized Space Quality for Analyses of the Local Real Property Market." Real Estate Management and Valuation 22, no. 4 (2015): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2014-0036.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract An important step in understanding how the real estate market functions is the process of determining the quality of properties, which is based on the principles of selecting their identifying features. It is a difficult process often affected by errors, which result from a subjective approach and a lack of clear methods of transition from identifying features to the assessment of their quality. An interesting starting point for carrying out the assessment of space quality might be its utilitarian perception. Urbanized space is designed to meet the needs of humans, just like industrial products. As a result of this, methods of evaluating objects for the purpose of production optimization were adapted in order to determine the quality of utilitarian space, which can also be treated as properties subjected to market transactions. Quality is the state of fulfilling a given set of requirements. It surrounds us wherever we are to affect us. Quality is the guiding principle in using or purchasing any types of goods or services. Qualimetric methods, i.e. the theory of quality, are characterized by the principles and methods of measuring quality. The aim of this paper is an attempt to apply qualimetric methods to determine the qualities of properties which form the basis for identifying urban space. The implementation of these methods for the purpose of identifying and quantifying the state of market features can become both an important tool in determining the market value of a property and giving rise to new directions of market analysis.
34
Eskelinen, Teppo. "After the Millennium Development Goals. Remarks on the ethical assessment of global poverty reduction success." Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v12i1.2348.
Full textAbstract:
The Millennium Development Goals were effective from 2000 to 2015. Statistics show that most of the goals were met, and particularly success in the goal of reducing extreme poverty (MDG1) gained wide recognition. Despite the strong ethical language related to poverty reduction, there has been little analysis of the ethical significance of the MDG achievements. Since statistical and ethical definitions and representations of poverty never completely overlap, conclusions concerning ethical progress are not directly available from the statistics. This article shows how this ethical significance can be analysed and what kinds of controversies and uncertainties relate to the issue. As part of this analysis, utilitarian issues, population ethics, and the social aspect of poverty are discussed.
 Keywords: poverty, Millennium Development Goals, statistics, ethics, poverty line
35
De Andrade Lima, Luiz Rogerio, and Luiza Zenaide Santos Souza. "Risk assessment for soil contamination from artisanal lead-glazed pottery production in Maragogipinho, Bahia, Brazil." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 54, no. 4 (2024): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2024.1102.
Full textAbstract:
Pollution risk analyses are essential for the management of contaminated sites. In the village of Maragogipinho, Bahia, Brazil, artisans have been producing decorative and utilitarian pottery for almost 300 years. A lead-glaze is used on some of the products causing health concerns. An estimation of indexes for pollution and ecological and human health risks in the region around the pottery workshops was performed. The soil Pb content data from a recent study was used to evaluate the ecological and health risk indicators. These showed high values close to the pottery workshops. The risk for disease through Pb soil contamination is very high for children and high for adults close to the pottery workshops. It is estimated that about 1270 people are at risk in this region.
36
Hoffmann, Thomas Sören. "The Concept of “Public Health” – A Critical Assessment." JAHR 13, no. 1 (2022): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.13.1.6.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the fundamental differences between an orientation towards individual health and the concept of health on which public health systems are built. It is shown that health in its original sense, as the “virtue of the body” (Aristotle), has to be understood as the ability to realize purposes in the actions of individuals. In public healthcare on the other hand, “health” has always been conceived as a public good and as an expression of certain public interests, a conception which does not have to be consistent with the interests of the individual in any way. “Public health” is normally designed in a utilitarian way and can be highly susceptible to ideology. In extreme cases the individual becomes subject to a “health obligation” which is to be rejected on legal, philosophical and ethical grounds. In place of a “scientific” medicine that reduces people to a statistical magnitude, a self-understanding of medicine should be restored which defines “health” from the point of view of the task of enabling real interpersonality in the space of the empirical existence of individuals self-determined as free.
37
Winnicka-Wejs, Alicja. "Staff Loyalty Value (Results of Working Students’ Survey)." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 23, no. 1 (2012): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5772.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents results of the survey concerning the meaning of staff loyalty (the loyalty towards the employer) in the professional life of working students of the University of Economics in Katowice. An independently prepared survey questionnaire was used. The article is utilitarian – twenty one working hypotheses were verified. The results of empirical research were presented as eight main points: the notion of staff loyalty as perceived by student respondents, the importance of staff loyalty as compared to other types of loyalty, the self-assessment of loyalty towards the employing organisation, the assessment of the respect shown by immediate superiors towards loyal employees, staff loyalty as a value appreciated both by employers and employees, the portfolio of satisfaction and loyalty evaluator, stability versus changeability in professional life, the perceived effects of staff loyalty.
38
GÜNER, Fatıma, and Hümeyra ÖZTURAN. "Could Immanuel Kant be a Utilitarian? Kant's Criticisms of Empiricist Moral Theories." Eskiyeni 28, no. 47 (2022): 489–516. https://doi.org/10.37697/eskiyeni.1016150.
Full textAbstract:
When it comes to moral philosophy, one of the first thinkers that come to mind is Immanuel Kant. What makes Kant so important is that he rejected all moral teachings that had been dominant from Antiquity to the Modern Period and his effort to expound upon the possibility of moral law based on pure reason. Throughout the history of modern philosophy since the Enlightenment, Kant's moral philosophy has been understood in opposition to all empirical moral theories, and Kant's morality of duty has often been read and interpreted as a criticism against the empiricist approach to morality. Such an appraisal is due to the fact that the empiricist approach to moral theories is considered by Kant as a danger that threatens the roots of morality, as can be seen in his works Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals and Critique of Practical Reason. Kant indicates that his aim in Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is to keep the source of moral principles away from empirical elements that vary from person to person and situation to situation and reveal the possibility of the existence of moral law that is universal and necessary by excluding any experimental basis that is subjective and contingent. As for his Critique of Practical Reason, Kant argues for meticulously separating empirical doctrines from moral law. These position simply that he would therefore also be critical of Utilitarianism. Despite the basic differences between Kantian ethics and Utilitarianism, some aspects of Kantian ethics were considered as Utilitarian in the literature of moral theory that succeeded him. Even though Kant's criticisms and the fundamental differences between the two theories, some modern academics have considered that especially Kant’s emphasis on our duties towards others and his moral ideal that advises considering the aims of others as our own, his moral philosophy may actually be Utilitarian or understood to be reconcilable with utilitarianism. According to this understanding, it is at least theoretically possible for a person simultaneously to adopt both Kantian and Utilitarian moral principles. Nevertheless, there are also some scholars who reject this idea and indicate that there is no reasonable way to consider Kant as a Utilitarian philosopher. In this article, we will first discuss Kant’s criticisms of empiricist morality in his main works that levelled under three heading such as “critique of the source of moral principles”, “criticism of the highest good” and “critique of the instrumentalization of man”. Then based on the assessment we obtained, we aim to find an answer to the discussion that is in the secondary literature whether Kant can be a utilitarian or not, by comparing the two views within the scope of some practical moral problems.
39
Toronjo-Hornillo, Luis, Carolina Castañeda-Vázquez, María Campos-Mesa, et al. "Effects of the Application of a Program of Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) on the Fear of Falling Syndrome (FOF) for the Health Sustainability of the Elderly Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (2018): 2526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112526.
Full textAbstract:
This research analyzes the fall history of a group of elderly people and studies the effects of an intervention program based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) to teach fall control in subjects with fear of falling syndrome (FOF). We adopted a quasi-experimental research design with pre-post measurement of the experimental group, in a healthy, pre-fragile sample of 12 women aged 71.5 ± 8 years, chosen using non-probabilistic-incidental accessibility sampling. The WHO questionnaire was used for the functional assessment of the fall. To evaluate FOF, we applied the 16-item version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), (pretest and posttest). This intervention program was based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo and conducted over 8 weeks, with two 60-minute sessions each week. After analyzing the scores obtained by the subjects in the pre and post FES-I, we found that the intervention with the JUA program had been significant for the experimental group with p ≤ 0.004, and there was an 11.9% decrease in the fear of falling (FES-I pos = 18.17). The results show that after the application of the JUA program there were significant improvements in subjects’ perception of FOF, with this being greater in those who had the highest levels of fear of falling before the intervention.
40
Szymkowiak, Andrzej, Urszula Garczarek-Bąk, and Armand Faganel. "Enriching product exposure in e-commerce through a hedonistic and utilitarian cue." Wine Economics and Policy 13, no. 1 (2024): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/wep-15067.
Full textAbstract:
With the projected growth in the global wine market, the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the increasing prevalence of e-commerce, a pressing need arises to devise unique and engaging ways to present product offerings. While prior research has shed light on the potential of online sales platforms for wineries and the role of wine bottle labels in influencing consumer purchasing behavior, scant attention has been given to the presentation of wine products in the realm of e-commerce. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of including visual cues (symbols) in online product displays on individuals’ perceptions of the product and their likelihood to make a purchase. Specifically, we aim to investigate how the placement of elements related to wine consumption, such as a ‘Glass’, and the representation of the product’s raw materials, such as a bunch of ‘Grapes’, affect consumer purchasing choices. The results from a simulated online wine store demonstrate the substantial influence of including a ‘Glass’ symbol on consumers’ selections. Furthermore, a series of eye-tracking laboratory experiments conducted in Poland, involving a total of 140 participants, provides deeper insight into underlying mechanisms. These findings reveal that augmenting a wine product with a hedonic symbol, such as a ‘Glass’, significantly enhances consumer perception of the product. Additionally, it exerts influence on their ‘Product Attitude’ and ‘Product Taste’ assessment, both of which are integral components of product perception. This study has the potential to offer valuable insights for wine marketers, e-commerce retailers and researchers specializing in the field of consumer behavior and marketing. Beyond the wine industry, the implications of this research extend to other sectors that rely on e-commerce platforms for sales.
41
Shnyakina, N. J., and A. M. Klyoster. "SUBJECTIVITY IN GERMAN ENGINEERING DISCOURSE." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 3(38) (December 31, 2022): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2022.50.35.002.
Full textAbstract:
Statement of the problem. This article is devoted to the description of the means of expressing subjectivity in engineering discourse. Attention is focused on the evaluative component of cognitive activity, namely, hedonistic, normative, utilitarian, teleological, psychological, aesthetic and ethical assessments. The stated goal seems relevant, since it touches upon the currently significant problem of the specifics of reflecting individual cognitive and pragmatic prerequisites of linguistic modeling of reality in professional speech. Results. Based on the material of German-language scientific and technical texts, the linguistic specifics of various types of assessment are analyzed. The unit of analysis is a terminological fragment containing an indication of the attitude of the author of the message to inventions, their sphere of service, processes, scientific ideas, and theories. Along with neutral nominations, there are a sufficient number of metaphorically reinterpreted units in the German language, indicating the emotional attitude of the author to the subject of speech. Conclusions. The analysis of the factual material allowed us to conclude that the cognitive basis for the existence of subjectivity in engineering discourse is the orientation of the researcher on evaluation scales, each of which reflects the degree of compliance of a parameter with the norm and is characterized by gradation having various forms of linguistic expression. The most significant scales in the framework of professional communication are normative, utilitarian and teleological. This is due to the orientation of scientific research on the usefulness and expediency of inventions for society, their positive impact on the standard of living, as well as the need to unify scientific search algorithms involving the establishment of a set of norms and rules in a certain subject area.
42
Vinyarskaya, Irina V., Rimma N. Terletskaya, Vladislav V. Chernikov, Elena V. Antonova, and Andrey P. Fisenko. "Possibilities of the Health Utilities Index questionnaire in assessing the quality of life of children with disabilities." Kazan medical journal 103, no. 6 (2022): 996–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj89957.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Currently, in the Russian Federation, the criteria for establishing disability do not take into account the assessment of the quality of life, while in developed countries this indicator is a mandatory component of examination programs and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation. In Russian pediatrics, research on the development of indicators of the quality of life in children with chronic disabling diseases has begun, this work is a continuation of this direction.
 Aim. To assess the quality of life of disabled children with various somatic diseases using all the possibilities of the Health Utilities Index questionnaire.
 Material and methods. A survey of 213 patients aged 5 to 18 years with chronic diseases with the status of a disabled child and their legal representatives was conducted using the Russian version of the international general questionnaire Health Utilities Index. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software package version 26.0. The KruskalWallis test and Dunn's posterior test were used.
 Results. During the study, multi-attribute utilitarian indices were developed for each group of children, which ranged from 0.670.3 (95% confidence interval 0.550.78) in patients with rheumatological diseases to 0.850.21 (95% confidence interval 0.790.91) in children with heart disease and statistically significantly (p 0.001) were lower than in healthy children (0.90.17; 95% confidence interval 0.870.92). The features of one-attribute utilitarian indices depending on the class of the disease have been established. An analysis of the level and degree of functioning disorders showed that the most common and frequent for children with disabilities in the studied groups were emotional disorders; problems associated with the presence of pain; disability caused by a sense of cognitive deficit. For the first time, to determine the categories of the severity of violations an approach according to a multi-attribute utilitarian index was used.
 Conclusion. The quality of life in children with disabilities, reduced compared to healthy peers, has nosological features; the most pronounced decrease in the quality of life was noted in children with skin diseases and rheumatological diseases.
43
Putri, Febri Suryaning, Rizal Purwosaputro, Septiayu Kusuma Murdiono Putri, and Artha Sejati Ananda. "Analysis of the influence of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C E-Commerce with depth of review as antecedent." International Journal of Data and Network Science 7, no. 4 (2023): 1613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.8.002.
Full textAbstract:
Online shopping has developed rapidly in Indonesia since the Covid-19 outbreak, making potential customers frequently browse e-commerce. In e-commerce there is a social commerce construct which is a construction originating from social commerce such as online reviews. Depth from online reviews on a product cannot necessarily be trusted and prospective customers also cannot use other people's experiences as an assessment of product quality. Customer review also considers perceived value from a utilitarian and hedonic perspective. Therefore, this study analyzes the effect of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with the antecedent depth of review in Indonesia. This study uses SOR (stimulus-organism-response) theory. The population of this study are individuals who live in Indonesia and have done shopping online in one commerce which has facilities online review such as Tokopedia, Blibli, Amazon, Alibaba, and JD.ID. Sampling technique nonprobability sampling by using techniques convenience sampling total 137 samples. The data collection method uses the survey method, while the data analysis method used is PLS-SEM. The results of the study show that depth review affects perceived utilitarian and hedonic values, and perceived utilitarian and hedonic values also affect browsing. Thus, all hypotheses are accepted, which means that there is an influence of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with an antecedent of review depth. This research can be used as a reference for further studies by digging deeper into the effect of the depth of review on other variables that can have an impact on the viability of a seller's business in e-commerce. This research can be used as a reference for sellers to evaluate and create strategies to encourage customers to give positive reviews so that they can influence other readers when browsing e-commerce where it is hoped that purchases will occur. This research pioneered the study of perceived value of browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with antecedents of depth of review in Indonesia.
44
Han, Heesup, Bo Meng, Bee-Lia Chua, and Hyungseo Bobby Ryu. "Hedonic and Utilitarian Performances as Determinants of Mental Health and Pro-Social Behaviors among Volunteer Tourists." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (2020): 6594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186594.
Full textAbstract:
International volunteer tourism is an emerging and sustainable trend of the global tourism industry. In this study, we attempted to provide a clear comprehension of volunteer tourists’ mental health increase and pro-social intention formation. A survey method and quantitative approach were used. Our result from the structural analysis showed that hedonic and utilitarian performances, mental health, and volunteer tourism engagement had significant associations and that these relationships contributed to improving pro-social intention. In addition, results from the metric invariance assessment revealed that the volunteer tourism engagement and pro-social intention relation was under the significant influence of problem awareness and ascribed responsibility. Mental health and engagement acted as significant mediators. The comparative importance of volunteer tourism engagement was uncovered. Overall, our results provided a sufficient understanding of volunteer tourists’ pro-social decision-making process and behaviors.
45
Gaworski, Marek, Piotr F. Borowski, and Łukasz Kozioł. "Supporting Decision-Making in the Technical Equipment Selection Process by the Method of Contradictory Evaluations." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (2022): 7911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137911.
Full textAbstract:
Creating new research concepts is an important element in supporting the development of production systems and their components, including technical equipment. Many technical devices are characterized by a high degree of complexity, which justifies the need for a specific approach to their assessment and becomes an inspiration to search for innovative methods of assessment. As part of the proposed new approach to the assessment of technical objects, studies were carried out in which users of chainsaws assessed their technical and functional features, taking into account the options: advantage and disadvantage. The number of positive and negative assessments of a given feature was used in the developed methodology to calculate the utility potential index. The proposed formula for calculating the utility potential index is a contribution to the current state of knowledge in the field of evaluation of technical objects and their features, as well as comparisons between technical objects. Based on the definition of the utility potential index, its value ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. The conducted research and calculation results indicated the accumulation of the lowest and the highest values of the utility potential index for one of the functional features, i.e., the price of the equipment. The utilitarian effect of the study is the creation of a tool supporting the selection of equipment for the needs of its users. The research results can also be used as a suggestion for the improvement of the indicated features of technical devices by their manufacturers.
46
Kalmykova, Anna, Yekaterina Guseva, and Alexandr Tereshkin. "Assessment of decorative features of lianas when using them for landscaping purposes of the Saratov-Engels agglomeration." BIO Web of Conferences 43 (2022): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224301026.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, due to the intensive growth of cities, the area for landscaping is being reduced. In conditions of dense development, the use of vertical landscaping plays an important role. The selection of the assortment of plants, in addition to resistance to urban conditions, is also influenced by the decorative characteristics of the species. The use of vines for decorative purposes has a rich history. Along with utilitarian and sanitary-hygienic functions, lianas have long been used to decorate gardens. As a rule, aesthetic evaluation is subjective, but a number of signs can significantly affect its result. We evaluated the types of lianas by decorative qualities in the conditions of the Saratov-Engels agglomeration using the decorative scale. As a result of the study, various options for using lianas in landscaping according to their decorative qualities are proposed.
47
Ramesh, Aramandla, Stormy A. Walker, Darryl B. Hood, Maria D. Guillén, Klaus Schneider, and Eric H. Weyand. "Bioavailability and Risk Assessment of Orally Ingested Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons." International Journal of Toxicology 23, no. 5 (2004): 301–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810490517063.
Full textAbstract:
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of toxicants that are ubiquitous in the environment. These contaminants generate considerable interest, because some of them are highly carcinogenic in laboratory animals and have been implicated in breast, lung, and colon cancers in humans. These chemicals commonly enter the human body through inhalation of cigarette smoke or consumption of contaminated food. Of these two pathways, dietary intake of PAHs constitutes a major source of exposure in humans. Although many reviews and books on PAHs have been published, factors affecting the accumulation of PAHs in the diet, their absorption following ingestion, and strategies to assess risk from exposure to these hydrocarbons following ingestion have received much less attention. This review, therefore, focuses on concentrations of PAHs in widely consumed dietary ingredients along with gastrointestinal absorption rates in humans. Metabolism and bioavailability of PAHs in animal models and the processes, which influence the disposition of these chemicals, are discussed. The utilitarian value of structure and metabolism in predicting PAH toxicity and carcinogenesis is also emphasized. Finally, based on intake, disposition, and tumorigenesis data, the exposure risk to PAHs from diet, and contaminated soil is presented. This information is expected to provide a framework for refinements in risk assessment of PAHs from a multimedia exposure perspective.
48
Sureka, Anchit, and Nabasmita Bordoloi. "IMPACT OF INPUT TAX CREDIT ON WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS OF MSMES IN INDIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 4, no. 57 (2024): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.4.57.2024.4460.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective is to find out the impact of the Tax Credit (ITC) in the GST structure on the utilitarian capacity and liquidity of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in India. Using a coordinated survey to gather information on working capital stocks and GST consistency, 200 MSMEs in Assam, India, were selected to conduct a quantitative assessment. The results show that there are significant areas for the relationship between better working capital conditions and the use of ITS. This suggests that MSMEs can have greater financial flexibility and fewer pay restrictions if they do register ITC claims. According to the practical implications of the assessment, policymakers should deal with the ITC system and offer additional assistance to ensure that MSMEs can fully benefit from the GST. This study is novel because it is uniquely relevant to the state of Assam, offering alternative, progressive views on the specific impact of the goods and services tax on small businesses in that state.
49
Asyriana Br. P, Sofia. "Analysis of the Effect of Supply Chain Management on Competitive Advantage and Company Performance." Indonesian Business Review 7, no. 1 (2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/ibr.7.1.29-41.
Full textAbstract:
This study wanted to know whether there was a basic effect of Creation network The board to high ground and company's show. Stock organization The leaders factors assessed by 3 pointers, to be explicit Fundamental Supplier Association, Client Relationship, and Information Sharing. Advantage factors assessed by 5 pointers, to be explicit expense, quality, transport consistency, thing advancement, and time to grandstand. While the association's show factors assessed by 2 pointers, explicitly money related execution and utilitarian execution. The data were assembled by spreading surveys. The unit of assessment of the investigation was associations in Surabaya. Respondents were 90 managers. The assessment procedure used in testing the hypothesis was Basic Condition Showing (SEM) by using Partial Least Square (PLS). This study had the choice to show the presence of a basic relationship of Creation network The leaders to high ground, Stock organization The board to association execution, and as well as Advantage to Association's Show.
50
Vinyarskaya, I. V., V. V. Chernikov, R. N. Terletskaya, S. V. Shcherbakova, and А. N. Fetisova. "VALIDATION OF THE RUSSIAN VERSION OF A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF UTILITARIAN INDICES IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE. STAGE II." Current pediatrics 13, no. 4 (2014): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v13i4.1080.
Full text