Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vie mondaine – 18e siècle'
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Lilti, Antoine. "Le monde des salons : la sociabilité mondaine à Paris dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010570.
Full textMarasescu-Galleron, Ioana. "La frivolité dans la littérature de la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040201.
Full textCazanave, Claire. "Le dialogue à l'âge classique." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030032.
Full textAdopting a socio-poetic approach to dialogue in early modern France, this study combines genre analysis with an examination of social functions. Along with close textual scrutiny, the overall assessment of the phenomenon is conducive to telling the tale of the rise of dialogue in the seventeenth century, as a necessary step towards " philosophical dialogue " in the Age of Enlightenment. With particular interest being paid to textual pragmatics and setting, the genre appears to move its way up through high society since dialogue adopts the linguistic codes and the new values of the " galanterie ", being thus accessory to the promotion of modernity. " Conversation " is far from being the primary model though and dialogue still takes on such various forms as " catechism ", " learned discussion " and " interview ". The competition between the social models each of these forms conveys thus reveals the tensions at work within dialogue as a common frame
Ferrari, Nathalie. "Pratiques épistolaires et modèles antiques dans la France du premier dix-septième siècle : la lettre de consolation." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0111.
Full textThis work is about the pratice of th consolation letter in France during the first half of the seventeenth century. It is based on a comparative approach. The letter's composition follows the model of the Antiquity. The representations used by the writers draw a parallel between Early Modern France and Ancient Republican Rome. Letter is analyzed as a specific discourse and as a place of ancient Roman civilization "survival" (A. Warburg). The reconstitution of the practice that induces it and references to Antiquity it contains bring to the fore the caracteristics of the consolation letter's writing. Two hypothesis are checked in order to explain the obvious ubiquity of the Roman model : the first on concerns the historical transmission of the ancient inheritance which makes available such reference, the second on concerns the analogy existing between two social structures which makes its appropriation possible in the Early Modern society with some displacements of this model. Those alterations are made visible in the study of Roman consolation that ends this work
Caron, Mélinda. "Les pratiques d’écritures et de sociabilité de Louise d’Epinay à la lumière de ses contributions à la correspondance littéraire et de ses lettres à Ferdinando Galiani (1755-1783)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040142.
Full textLouise d’Epinay’s contributions to Grimm and Meister's Correspondance littéraire (1755-1783) and her correspondence with Ferdinando Galiani (1769-1783) constitute two complementary corpora which allow us to understand this author's practices of sociability and to reveal their interaction with her writing. Her society writings, her critical works, her fictional dialogues and her letters contribute to the co-opting of a social elite, via its circulation in the margins of good society and its extension of court society's mechanisms of distinction. The analysis of self-representations and group-representations allows us to better understand the structures and social mises en scène throughout the texts. In conjunction with the analysis of the social imaginary, this analysis explains the restricted, anonymous and clandestine circulation of Louise d'Épinay's texts in the Correspondance littéraire and among members of her Parisian circle, whose contours and dynamics may be observed via her exchange of letters with Galiani. This study of little known texts is based on a sociological approach. It proposes a change of perspective from current critical works, favoring the study of relationships and social representations over ideolory. As well as proposing a renewal of Louise d'Épinay's studies, this theoretical grounding enables a new approach to the writings of women whom historiography has closely associated with Enlightenment salons and the men of letters they frequented
Jasmin, Nadine. "Mots et merveilles. Les contes de fees de madame d'aulnoy." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040255.
Full textFleury, Aude. "Les parlementaires bordelais de 1750 à 1793 : vie publique, vie privée." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40041.
Full textIn the first part, to improve our knowledge of the members of this parliament and the world they lived in, we have studied their cultural, economic and family background, as well as their office and their work. Judging from the documents we have been able to study, the members chose this particular office not because of the financial advantages they might obtain from it, but mainly for the prestige that came along with it. Indeed not anybody could accede to this station, and informal barriers as well as inviaible bridges were set up to maintain a certain level of cooptation, all the more so as the office thus acquired and fulfilled allowed the member to get acceed to nobility. The parliament is therefore socially quite homogeneous, all the more as it is strongly endogamous. It emerges that this group had a strengthh and coherence that must have helped it in its ambitions. That is why the second part consists of an appraisal of the relations between the compagnie and the various agents of power -both local and national-, to figure out their actual authority, and an analysis of the compagnie's specific functions. It appears that from the point of view of the royal administration, the parliament should have had no more than the rank of a departmental court accompanied with limited powers to make regional regulations and an optional counselling function. Yet, this is not what its members expected their functions to be. This explains why they developped "democratic" theories which undermined the french monarchic organisation but at the same time eroded the parliament's own legitimacy. Neither the members of the parliament nor their citizens seem to have been aware of this process which resulted in an escalation of affairs, each leading to more and more contestation and ending in the demand for the meeting of the states general. To conclude, it makes no doubt that the failure of the members and of the parliament of bordeaux is due to their opposition to the forces that were to gradually influence and dominate the course of french history. This institution was both too old and too sclerosed to get over the hurdle of 1789, which is also a revolution in intellectual thought. From that point, society came back to an elitism based upon individual merit. The buying of offices, and therefore wealth and family ties were no longer relevant in this new system. At that point
Paré, Magalie. "L’intendant d’Auvergne et la vie locale au XVIIIème siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF10268.
Full textGallinato, Bernard. "Les corporations à Bordeaux à la fin de l'ancien régime : vie et mort d'un mode d'organisation du travail." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D013.
Full textThe french revolution made a clean sweep of the centuries old institutions of the old france. One of them : the guilds or corporations is considered here in the last decades of the old regime in one of the most important ports of the epoch : bordeaux. How dynamic were the guilds at a time when commercial capitalism was making bordeaux's fortune? what was their actual place at the heart of the working world? after having presented the guilds by describing their regulations which show the permanent institutional characteristics of the corporations, the author studies the other types of work in this great trading city; he takes an interest in the behaviour of man at work and analyses the economic choices of the urban authorities. In doing this he sets out to prove that the guilds only slightly encompassed the economic activity and that they projected the image of the dying old regime
Darras, Véronique. "La littérature pour violon au concert spirituel de 1725 à 1790 : étude et restitutions." Lyon 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO20076.
Full textThe violin literature at the concert spirituel of Paris was remarkable for its large variety : from 1725 to 1790 violonists of different nationalities came to present to the parisian public works as duets, sonatas and concertos for violin, an instrument which was present, in solo, in nearly all concerts of concerts spirituel. This one was therefore the witness of the evolution of the violin repertoire during the eighteenth century, evolution which is distinguished by the forsaking of sonata and baroque style on belhalf of concerto and classic, even preromantic style, for exemple in Jean-Baptiste Viotti's works
Noat-Antoni, Olivia. "La vie socio-économique à Monaco d'après les actes notariés (1675-1750)." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040067.
Full textUnder this title so many stakes are burying. . . All the more interesting that they are treading some various aspects, looking at innermost beings, but also social habits, and local marketing. In fact, anecdotal feelings, which don't put up with constitute the "little history"; they are structuring it. At last, even the period chosen subtends a certain mystery, the one that single out with its seal its years. . . Nearly unknown. . . Unlovely ? However they sustain so many lives of prime importance daily | forbidden too, they are suffocated by princes' past, crushed by their own history. Because after all, the real wager of this research is to clear up a paradox. It purposes to materialize subjects' beings, to restore themselves breath and life thanks to sentences and numbers. To illuminate a history which is not little, not big, but human. . . In all humility
Bourdier, Karen. "Vie quotidienne et conditions sanitaires sur les grandes habitations sucrières du nord de Saint-Domingue à la veille de l'insurrection d'août 1791." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU1006.
Full textAugust 1791, the insurrection of the slaves bursts in Haïti, still called Saint-Domingue. The years wich precede it are the "privileged" theatre of the apogee of the sugar plantations and wich them that of the slavery. The living conditions and the medical state of these slaves, but also of the "white executives" of some large known sugar plantations, bring us closer to the physical and psychological state of these men on the eve of the insurrection. Health is essential for the good productivity of a plantation. Within a strongly hierarchical society, a whole organisation is set up. Through their living environment, their working conditions and the various systems of care found within these plantations, we can better understand the everyday life, the treatments inflicted, as well as the reactions, diseases and accidents wich result from them. If it seems that the living conditions and the medical state of all and particularly of the slaves, tend to improve towards the end of the 18e century, and primarly on certain large structured sugar plantations of the north like those pertaining to the marquis de Gallifet, how to explain that the first slaves rebelled in August 1791 lived on these same properties ? Didn't one say "happy as a negro at Gallifet's" ?
Tanguay, Lynda. "Madame James McGill (1747-1818) : Marie-Charlotte Guillimin, ou, La vie d'une femme mondaine à Montréal au dix-huitième siècle." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67524.
Full textThe education that she received at the Ursulines convent in Quebec city, her two marriage contracts as well as various other legal documents all tend to demonstrate that Marie-Charlotte Guillimin's lifestyle was other than the traditional one of wife and mother that we usually attribute to the women of her era.
Using Marie-Charlotte's life as an example, this thesis will attempt to show that the women of her social class and status probably contributed much more to Montreal's early economic growth than we have usually given them credit for.
Yang, Yan-Bin. "Les récits de voyages et le développement des sciences de la vie en France au XVIIIe siècle : l'exemple des "nègres blancs"." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0098.
Full textDuring the XVIIIth century the existence of so-called "white negroes" roused the curiosity of scientists. Most of their sources came from travelogues in which the strange phenomenon of "white" children born of black parents was first mentioned. Scientists tried to formulate their own theories about the causes of albinoism, based on these accounts which were very difficult to prove. One such theory held that albinos were a white race living in the centre of Africa. Another saw albinoism as an illness. Other theories claimed it was a side-effect of leprosy or even resulting from a flaw in the sperm of some black-people. In spite of these conflicting opinions, which appear ridiculous today, the scientists of the enlightenment began the study of the phenomenon of heredity
Verwimp, Régis. "L'Église et la vie religieuse de Guyane française moderne : la religion en Guyane, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0131.
Full textThis study of church and religious life in modern French Guyana starts suring the XVIIth century with the alternation of European domination's, and consequently with pluriconfessional experiences. From 1664, the Jesuits are in charge of all spiritual matters of this colony : toward the colons with few modifications in relation to France; toward the Native Americans first with flying missions and then with settled open missions characterized by their theological adaptability and their centrifuge Christianity; and toward the slaves trying, on the one hand, to educate their own servile population in a Christian charity spirit, and, on the other hand, looking for better conditions of life for laymen's slaves. Thanks to the collaboration between royal and religious authorities, missions are settled in Kourou's area, and then on Oyapock; they are financed with a plantation systeme (habitations), until the expulsion of Jesuits from Guyana (1769)
Dinet, Dominique. "Réguliers et vie régionale dans les diocèses d'Auxerre, Langres et Dijon (fin 16e siècle - fin 18e siècle)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010629.
Full textConsiderable place of monks and muns (all the orders and congregations) in three dioceses of burgundy and champagne during the modern age (between 1598 and 1790) revealed by complex and multiple relations (legal, economical, social, cultural, religious. . . ) with the people and local authorities
Clavilier, Catherine. "Physiocratie, sciences de la nature et expression artistique de la ruralité en France dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010543.
Full textDepoutot, René. "La vie musicale en Lorraine (Metz, Nancy et Toul, 1770-1810) : de l'originalité provinciale à l'uniformité française." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Depoutot.Rene.LMZ9713_1.pdf.
Full textThis research studies music in three cities of unequal importance but geographically close, and covers a period of forty years including the french revolution. All sectors of activity have been observed (the second volume is made up of written proofs), during three successive political stages: the "ancien regime", the revolution and the post-revolutionary period. The first part describes the institutions - choirs, "concert", comedies, band of the "garde nationale", "conservatoire"- and then analyses their structures, the musical personnel as well as their works: some lists concerning metz and nancy can be found in the third volume. The second part deals with the most varied daily aspects of musical life : commerce, songs, dance, teaching, instrument making, festivals concerts and artists. The third part is devoted to the composers themselves and the works they wrote during their sojourn. The elaboration of biographies on sound bases gives permanent points of reference and enriches the catalogue of works assembled in the fourth volume, entitled anthology of music and catalogue. The revolution had a destructive effect: choirs disappeared, an entire instrumental heritage was ruined, established fortune were shattered, the future became uncertain, all of which hindered a natural evolution. However, this comment does not conflict with the observation of continuity and links with the past in any change or innovation. Musical life in toul did not outlive the suppression of the cathedral choir, in nancy, it waned after two successive political shocks - stanislas's death and the revolution - whereas metz, thanks to its active bourgeoisie, absorbed for a while the "spectacle" of nancy and created dynamic philarmonic societies. However, in 1810, the three cities were no longer centres of musical creation
Champonnois, Cécile. "Regards croisés sur la vie lyrique en France et en Angleterre : analyse critique de témoignages français et anglais entre 1699 et 1776." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR2010.
Full textCross-cultural views on the lyric dramas in France and England: critical analysis of French and English accounts between 1699 and 1776. Accounts given by Frenchmen, after their travel in England, and by Englishmen, after their Grand Tour, gave information about practices of lyric dramas in France and England in eighteenth century. This thesis is based on the study of political, economic and social contexts surrounding the time of genesis of these texts. Each author is presented through his circle of friends and his artistic and cultural acquaintances. They knew very well their contemporaries’ works which they quoted or mentioned in their own works. Being subject to prejudices of their time, these writers gave precious information about lyric practices and testified of cultural differences between both countries. I have studied receptions of lyric practices in the Royal Academy of Music, in the Opéra-comique and in the Concert Spirituel at Paris, in the King’s Theatre, in minor theatres and pleasure gardens at London
Audisio-Poulin, Ghislaine. "Les négociants à Grasse dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle : "des parcours de vie" : thèse." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE2006.
Full textPige, Frédéric. "Les seigneuries du Montargois au XVIIIe siècle : vie économique et rapports sociaux : les enseignements de la pratique notariale." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2046.
Full textAn investigation into the 18th century fiefdoms and estates of Montargois reveals their particularly diverse historical situation. Widely ranging rights and obligations are found, due to the varied customs of two separate jurisdictions: Lorris-Montargis and Orleans. These rights are ensured by the presence of two realities: a feudal tradition asserting the influence of the lord, and a financial dimension which makes land an instrument of production and wealth. A separate right to justice holds an important place as well. The variety of lords contributes to the diversity of fiefs and estates, as anyone may become the owner of an estate. Thus, the nobles’ goods market is chiefly driven by laic elites, seeking honours and/or pursuing real-estate investments. In contrast to what other sources have suggested, old nobility is not divested from its land, but it slowly dies out, leaving a vacant space to newly initiated members striving for integration. Lordly dwellings are brought in line with current tastes and fortified castles lose their defensive attributes when they do not altogether give up their place to mansions combining comfort and prestige. The exploitation of fiefs and estates experiences numerous changes too, which must be qualified. The general increase in income results to a large extent from the constant rise in the procurement prices for cereals during the entire 18th century, as technical innovations remain scarce. The diagnostic is different concerning feudal and seigniorial rights. In the second half of the 18th century, dedicated personnel pursue their former rights and dues. Their purpose is to reassert the eminent role of the lords, to insure the conservation of all their rights and to increase the lords’ as well as their tenants’ income. It is a difficult task to present a financial and human balance of these operations. However, it can be observed that these elements contributed to the lords’ tendency to dissociate themselves from village life
Crepin, Elisabeth. ""la vie paroissiale dans le royans aux 17e et 18e siecles pour une contribution a l'etude des sensibilites religieuses. "." Grenoble 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE29024.
Full textThis thesis is the study of parochial history of the "royans" throughout two centuries. Benefitting from lessons drawn from religious sociology and serial analysis, i describe the history of the ecclesiastical action as well as that of the "chretien quelconque" taking into account the evolution of the faithful's attachment to religion between the 17th and the 18th centuries. The material and moral destruction which could be witnessed up to 1670-1680, which i depict, gave way to an era of reconstruction. Moreover the religious authorities made it a point to recapture the minds of the faithful aiming at imposing unanimity, conversion and adhesion. The aforementioned programme of action seemed to come to fulfilment between 1730 and 1750; the faithful seemed ripe enough. Nevertheless the analysis of their behaviour at the approach of thesacred, enables us to evaluate beyond an apparent conformism the lukewarmness which precedes hostility and anticlericalism, obvious about 1760. The setting of a pre-industrial production undoubtedly contributed to this evolution of the society while the religious fervour remains even after the revolution. We notice the internalization of religion and of religious feelings reveals a change in people's frame of minds. A study of people's religious consciousness in the 19th century should show that the effects of the catholic reform are postponed while religious militantism and political commitment come into conflict
Seichepine, François. "Livres et cloîtres : les bibliothèques religieuses de Bourgogne au XVIIIe siècle." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOL034.
Full textThat study shows the connection between monasteries and their libraries in Burgundy in the Eighteenth century. At first, we check the purchases, the preserving of books and estimate librarians’s aptitudes. Then, we are interested in valuables and understand the consequences of Revolution’s confiscations. The second part is primarily a statistical one. The book’s collections are listed according to their vocations and receptions of Mabillon’s project to reform studies. A lot of lists hand back their sizes and tittles. A third part shows the relations between religious libraries and French Enlightenment’s century. Legacies accross history and religion are expounded. A special part describes the impact of jansenistic controversy. Then we learn the ecclesiastics’s efforts of modernization and openmindedness for erudites, consumers, scientific news and philosophical writings. Finally, we check the balanced results of libraries’s state and take notice of their holders’s skills assessment
Goujard, Philippe. "La vie religieuse dans les paroisses rurales de Haute-Normandie (1680-1789)." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010568.
Full textIn this thesis I try to describe and explain how the counter reformation contributed to modify the social structure of rural high Normandy, between the 1680 and 1789. After having studied the material and moral conditions of the clerks - which were good - I show that the church tried to control the attitudes of the population by being satisfied with a summary religious observance this policy got a lot of consequences. First form of a diversified devotion appeared : the majority of population only went to mass and received the sacrements. Above all the church allowed to rural notables to take possession of authority in the parishes. This prevented the majority of population to control the parochial life. So church enforced social structure. This produced some difficulties. Particularly the notables looked for depriving priests of their temporal power. One of the main effects of catholic reform was to accelerate a process of separation between spiritual and temporal affairs and of laicisation of the attitudes
Blomac, Nicole de. "Le cheval, moyen et mode vie : l'œuvre du marquis de Voyer, militaire, philosophe et entrepreneur, (1722-1782)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0007.
Full textRathier, Carole. "Les réseaux des Lumières à Bordeaux : étude de correspondances (1768-1788)." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30017.
Full textEnlightenment networks in Bordeaux: study of correspondences (1768-1788) is a thesis in one volume – written back to back - of 686 p, together with a CD-ROM containing the Website “Ecrire au XVIIIe siècle” (“Writing in the XVIIIth century”). This is not a mere annex but rather a relational database created for this research and available to the readers. As a thesis on cultural history offering a Study of correspondences in Bordeaux during the last two decades of the Ancien Régime, it innovates through the use of FileMaker and Arcane software – the latter enabled to edit this thesis – in order to work thoroughly on the documentation corpus constituted. Chapter II of Book I constitutes therefore a key part of this demonstration. This study has enabled to precisely draw relational spaces, to clarify the ways of life and to underline the value of material movements. The thesis is divided in four parts, starting with the presentation of the corpus and tools which enabled to make use of it. Book II presents three letter writers in Bordeaux as observers of their universe and witnesses of their time: Mme Duplessy, Jean-Baptiste de Secondat, François de Paule Latapie. Book III focuses on the Enlightenment sociability with respects to institutions, particularly the Academy and the Museum. The study of academic correspondences enables to link this part to the whole project of the thesis and the two preceding books. Finally, Book IV studies the nobiliary culture and the culture of mobility of these representatives of the provincial elite. Two indexes and a bibliography complement this thesis
Bouchet-Dannhauser, Monique. "L'identité du Maître, le rayonnement de la culture française à Berlin au XVIIIe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10098.
Full textDecoudun-Gallimard, Frédérique. "La vie féminine dans la peinture française au XVIIIe siècle." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100015.
Full textThe dissertation entitled "women's life through the french painting of eighteenth century" develops three essential parts : the pratical life, the private life and the professional life, and leans on contemporaneous pictural works in order to justify its assertions. It treats in its first part of women's diverse society activities, deals with the salon phenomenon, describes through the example of madame de pompadour the place of the theatre and the fine arts in women's universe (painting, pieces of china), and deals then with the theme of pleasures (games, love). In its second part, the private life of these women is related, the relations between the latter with their children during different periods of existence (feeling, raising, marrying) are evocated and the major social which rests of them is brought to the fore. Moreover it evocates the purely selfish activities to which these women give themselves over (wash, moments of oblivion, minor activities), and insists on the importance of the intimate pleasure. Finally, the third and last part is devoted to the theme of labor, where a very clear distinction is made between degrading tasks with which the majority of the female population is concerned (servants, workers) and rewarding and fulfilling occupations that have the artists, the craftswomen or the teachers. It deals lastly with the oldest profession in the world : the prostitution. To conclude, it notices the extreme diversity of women's life at that time, and insists on the very ambivalent position that they hold in the society
Denys, Catherine. "Sûreté publique et sécurité personnelle dans les villes de la frontière entre les Pays-Bas et la France au XVIIIe siècle." Artois, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ARTO0001.
Full textThe aim of the study is to examine the conditions of security of people and policies of public safety of five towns on both sides of the french-belgian border in the 18th century. The first part deals with the organisation of the urban police. The power of the aldermen in the region allowed them to keep practically all their responsabilities intact over the police, thanks to the failure of the "lieutenants generaux de police" and the far-off control of the "intendant". The "sergents de ville", under the orders of the "lieutenants-prevots", make up the grassroot police forces, which were improved by major reforms in the middle of the century. Furthermore, the army set up an efficient police force which led the aldermen to collaborate daily with the local military commanders. This caused a decline in the police of the city dwellers, the watches et the guards. The second part looks at the measures that tended to improve the policies of urban security. The issue of security appears in various domaines : street policing, checks on foreigners, prevention and help in case of fire, etc. The major feature of the 18th century is based on three new factors : public lighting, rescuing of drowned people and theatre police. Thanks to these concerted efforts, the urban landscape becomes less dangerous by the end of the century. The third part attempts to establish the link between security and urban space, first, on the level of the house, the neighbourhood and the town, then by looking at the different solutions of police zoning, starting from forms of social self-regulation to the military grids set up by patrols and guardrooms. Finally, the conclusion stresses the importance of the military model in the development of the french police as opposed to other european models
Plénet, Michel. "Catholiques et protestants en Vivarais aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : modes de vie, modes de croire." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/plenet_m.
Full textThe aim of this work is to compare two communities living in Vivarais, the Catholics and the Protestants, through their ways of life and their ways of believing. The frame of the study is Vivarais defined as a civilian diocese of the Ancien Regime. However three sites are particularly taken into account : Annonay, Villeneuve-de-Berg and Privas. The period studied includes the 17th and 18th century, more precisely from 1629, the year of the Peace treaty of Alès, to the edict of 1787. The comparison has enabled us to show that the two denominations have many things in common in both ways of believing and ways of life. Several ways of coexistence have been highlighted through the three sites studied : either with a watertight or an open denominational boundary
Koufinkana, Marcel. "Esclaves et esclavage dans la France d'Ancien régime (1600-1794) : nombre, provenance, conditions et statuts, représentations dans la société, vie quotidienne." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20064.
Full textFrom the remost days, the domination of man by man represents one the fundamental characteristics of the history of humankind. Slavery is part it. Nantes was the capital of the French slave trade which then spred on the whole atlantic coast, specially in La Rochelle, Bordeaux, Saint-Malo, Le Havre, Lorient etc. . . To talk about slaves and slavery in France during the ancien regime period car be surprising and even really amazing. Unlike what we usually believe, west indies and americas were not the only destinations or settling places of black slaves at that time. They come over and stayed in metropolitan France during the French colonial slavery period. Our study will deal with the reactions of French people towards blacks and it will also make out the attitudes and stereotypes that are deeply hidden in french institutions and culture. Besides, we will study the social, political and juridical consequences resulting from the presence of blacks (free and slaves) in France from the XVII century until the collapse the ancien regime
Maurange, Xavier. "L' épiscopat bordelais à l'époque de Louis XV : la poursuite de la Réforme catholique à l'épreuve des Lumières (1719-1781)." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2011BOR30069.
Full textAfter a first period of catholic Reformation in Bordeaux epitomized through a vivid spiritual breath and great archbishops, catholic Reformation was challenged by Bordeaux commercial development and by the uprising of philosophers' ideas. At that time, four great archbishops (Argenson, Maniban, Lussan, Rohan) proved to be respectful to their episcopal duties. Moreover, they shew how much they werre in charge of continuing catholic Reformation. Through years, they acquired a sharp knowledge of these new challenges - rising incredulity, growth of Protestantism, wealth and decay in the city. They kept up with a strong action all through the eighteenth century and particularly during the period from 1730 to 1769
Steinhauer, Alfred. "Le "parti" physiocratique et la formation de l'opinion publique dans la France pré-révolutionnaire (1756-1776)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA01A003.
Full textThis thesis is based on a hypothesis concerning the structural elements of the "ideological" crisis of the ancien regime in france (1750-1790). The physiocratic group, made up of theorists whose main concern was renovating and strengthening the judicial and economic order of the monarchy 30 years before the revolution, is examined as a possible source of influence. The analysis lies on two interconnected levels : 1) a detailed presentation of the topics and the evolution of the physiocratical discourse, 2) a look at the historical context of the two decades between its rise and fall. On the first level, we explore the scope of influences that link the intellectual commitment of the physiocrats to the enlightenment, in philosophical terms. The contextual analysis, on the other hand, defines the link between the theoretical stances of the physiocrats and the historical situations, clarifying the structural dimension of physiocratic ideology. From the latter we deduce the existence of an ideological "party", a social group influenced by their liberal and authoritarian discourse. The analysis focuses on the, often polemical, relations between the physiocrats and the philosophers before, during and after the grain war, a major popular upheaval. We thus present the evolution of a political program, its failures in 1770 and 1776 and evidence of this effort in pre-revolutionary literature
Tamdoǧan-Abel, Işik. "Les modalités de l'urbanité dans une ville ottomane : les habitants d'Adana au XVIIIe siècle d'après les registres des cadis." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0095.
Full textDuhamel, Jean-Marie. "Musique et sociabilité en France, de la Régence à la fin du règne de Louis XV : recherches sur l'histoire culturelle au siècle des lumières." Lille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL30015.
Full textIn the 18th century, music had a fundamental position in france. Present in all ancient regime society, especially in the heart of urban life, it was a driving element in social life, and in the evolution of thought. In the spirit of academies whose contemporaties and heirs they were, opera and concert societies, gradually opening to the public, start to revolutionize the whole of cultural life in the kingdom. As artistic places and social haunts, they quickly grew into genwine withesses or mirrors for an elite in search of its own identity. But, benind the polish of elegance and affected attitudes in social life, we discovered bitter quarrels and violent squables. From mid-century, music not only became a gamble, but also reveales the tensions and struggles that shook and disturbed the whole of society
Vernet, Thomas. ""Que leurs plaisirs ne finissent jamais" : spectacles de cour, divertissements et mécénat musical du Grand Siècle aux Lumières : l'exemple des princes de Bourbon-Conti." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4036.
Full textSince the early twentieth century, the interest of the French aristocracy in the musical life has ceased to hold the attention of music historians. But the historiography on the subject based mainly on research around a personality or clamped between chronological boundaries close. Our project was different because it was to be a comprehensive look at more than two centuries of family history of the princes of Conti, and question their taste and artistic practices. We have tried to highlight, from literary sources, musical and pictorial material that provided this broad summary, the continued interest of these princes malcontents for visual art but also for dance, theater and music, the arts, which were likely to meet the requirement imposed by their magnificence row to establish their legitimacy, but also to satisfy their passion and curiosity. Inspired by the monarchical model, the patronage of Conti participated in the movement for emancipation of progressive elites from Versailles to Paris and helps to qualify the traditionally assumed dichotomy between these two poles of creation. Beyond the family environment is thus the evolution of musical patronage of the aristocracy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries it has been allowed to approach. Let us hope that this study will arise and disappear artistic heritage family can contribute to a better definition of "climate sensitivity" and would better understand the place occupied by music and the arts in the elite culture in the modern era
Ventrone, Giuseppe. "Tolérance et pluralité à l'âge des Lumières : Paris et Naples (1720-1785)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0034.
Full textThe enlightenment project of "enlightening" of society through Reason is bound up with the idea of the possibility to act on people's mentality, i. E. Exerting influence over classes, categories or social groups in order to determine a profound and persistent "conversion" of their representation of their own condition and, accordingly, of their behavioural pattern. This research, far from tackling the question of the actual political influence of the Philosophers, is devoted to a detection and description, drawing on the texts, of the presence in their ideas of different paradigms of minor influence like : plurality, utility, consistence, belonging. The research aims at showing the way in wich this paradigms can crystallise themselves in the idea of tolerance. The same phenomenological methodology will be used to test the spread of these paradigms in the neapolitan enlightenment
Bianchi, Serge. "Vie, pratiques et sociabilité politiques en milieu rural dans le sud de l'Ile-de-France : Essonne et Val-de-Marne : de 1787 à 1800." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010649.
Full textThe political life of 240 villages and market towns in the Île-de-France region is studied in three autonomous and complementary parts. The first part deals with "power systems in the village" within the context of the composition of the first contemporary town telas regard to their daily life as well as their relationship with the authorities in charge of the supervision of their activities, and this, from the edict of june 1787 to the cantonal municipalities of the directoire. The concepts of "municipal mobility", autonomy and "administrative centralization trends" are successively defined. The second part analyzes all the elections which were held during the revolution decade, within the frame work of participation and abstention, the influence of towns on villages, and what was at stake during each election type : local, cantonal primary assemblies, district primary assemblies, ratifications of the constitutions of 1793, years III and VIII. The third part deals with the transition from traditionnal life in the village society to the new forms of life in the republican society. The political acculturation of the Île-de-France countryside is related on the basis of its ways (school, army, law) and basic structuring factors (subsistence and religion). This study leads on to a typology of the villages involved in the revolutionary process, from the "republicans" to the "resistants", by means of a cross referential network of thematic maps and actual features of politic life and pratice
Camilleri, Depasquale Carmen. "La vie intellectuelle et culturelle des chevaliers français à Malte au dix-huitième siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040163.
Full textWellmann, Janina. "Wie das Formlose Formen schafft : rhythmus und die Organisation des Lebendigen, 1760 bis 1830." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0117.
Full textThe central thesis of this dissertation is about the notion of rythm in the period around 1800. It is claimed that in this period rythm has been a central category for the reorganisation of knowledge about the living world. In particular, it is argued that the new understanding of ontogenetic development, generally identified with the rise of the epigentic theory of development, was in fact based on the new epistemology of rhythm. In addition, the dissertation describes the rise of rhythmic modes of reasoning not only the biological sciences, but also in other fields of knowledge like music theory, poetology and aesthetic theory. It is argued that in the epoch 1760 to 1830 the world of the living, and particularly the idea of development, were reconceptualised in terms of rhythmic models, rhythmic movements and rhythmic representation
Saada, Anne. "Diderot dans l'Allemagne de l'Aufklärung : constructions d'un auteur, espaces de réception." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0044.
Full textSo far Diderot's reception in Germany has been examined within the angle of intellectual history, by establishing the influence of his works on his German contemporaries. In contrast our own starting point lies in social and cultural history. In the first place the reception of Diderot's writing reception has been extended beyond his privileged readership both as readers and authors (Lessing, Schiller, Goethe). Applying thus the methods of quantitative history, we have assessed the circulation of Diderot's work by examining over 500 privates library catalogues (1745-1830). We then have systematically analysed contemporary journals and biographical dictionaries for accounts of the reception of Diderot. We have not only assembled the dates provided by these sources but specifically analysed their functioning : who were their authors ? Why did they come to write about Diderot ? Where did they get their information from ? What interests were stake when they commented on Diderot's writing ? Progressively our interest has shifted from the reception of Diderot proper to the very processes of reception namely the conditions that had made them possible. We started with the idea that the value attached to Diderot's work lied less in its content than in their functioning within specific frameworks that gave them meaning. We have therefore carried out an analysis of the spaces within wich Diderot's reception was elaborated : the "learned space" trating his philosophical works (first part) and the "theatrical space" dealing with his plays (second part). After both scrutinizing how these "spaces" were functioning and reconstructing their explicit or implicit ruling, we have ewamined the modes in which they had reacted to Diderot's writing
Barrie-Curien, Viviane. "Clergé, pratique religieuse et société dans le diocèse de Londres au XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040082.
Full textThis thesis analyses how the Church of England clergy of the eighteenth century in the diocese of London and the people's religious practice are bound up with the social order. Its aim was to check current assumptions concerning the elitist recruitment of clergymen and the waning of religious enthusiasm at that time, the first volume surveys the diocese as a socio-economic unit, giving a description of its parishes, including their revenues, as well as a systematic account of the social and geographical origins of its clergy; the second one pictures the latter's itineraries from their schools to the highest preferment they reach in the church; lastly, a third one is taken up by the study of pastoral work and religious practice. The Church of England clergy emerges in a large measure as a self-recruited body, since many sons of parsons followed their fathers' steps, and it seems that this ecclesiastical heredity weighed more in a successful career than to be born in a rich or titled family. As for religious practice, it appears more regular and popular than was expected, even if most of the time it fits in with an ancient tradition, and if the clergy must display great ingenuity to cope with pluralism and non-residence
Debiais, Frédéric. "Ces messieurs de Saint-Savin, l'abbaye royale de Saint-Savin de 1769 à 1790 : étude d'une châtellenie et de la vie campagnarde au XVIIIe siècle." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT5024.
Full textGouardères, Hugues. "La vie et l'œuvre de Jean-Baptiste Andouillé (1718-1799)." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M129.
Full textLefeuvre, Olivier. "Philippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg (1740-1771) : vie et oeuvre." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040153.
Full textPhilippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg, born in 1740, died in London in 1812 was a multi-facetted artist with numerous passions. Above all a landscape painter, he was also a history painter, stage designer, inventor of a show that was a precursor of the Dioramas, but also a man who was passionate about the occult who abandoned painting for a time in order to become a healer. Trained in France by an Italian artist, Francesco Giuseppe Casanova, he began his career in Paris before settling permanently in London and all his life had a considerable reputation which disappeared quickly after his death. Despite several attempts at a rehabilitation, Loutherbourg is today forgotten. The reconstitution of his painted output and the establishment of an accurate biography has allowed the author to asses more fairly his place in the history of painting in the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. In considering his contemporaries’ attitude to his work, in particular his favourite genre, landscape painting and his approach to the art market of his time, the author has attempted to understand better this individual who in his time was considered to be essential
Provost, Audrey. "Les usages du luxe : formes et enjeux des publications sur le luxe en France dans la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle (vers 1760-1789)." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040216.
Full textBetween 1760 and 1789, luxury became a topic of written publication. Many authors strategically chose to publish on luxury and attempted to define its nature and meaning. This intensive investment proved ambitious writers with a way to advance through the Republic of Letters. At stake in the debate over the meanings of "luxury" was not only the linguistic competence and literary talent of the authors concerned, but also their authority to establish common values, an authority which competed with the power of the monarchy to fix the terms of political discourse
Samsel, Agnieszka. "Les réseaux culturels de la reine Marie Leszczyńska à la cour de Versailles. La vie musicale de la reine." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS009S.
Full textThe dissertation entitled ‘Manifestations of Marie Leszczyńska’s cultural activity at the court of Versailles. The Queen’s musical life’ consists of six chapters and an epilogue. The first part concerns the genealogy of the Leszczyński house and the cultural traditions of the family passed down from generation to generation from the 16th to the 18th century. The second chapter is devoted to the youth and education of Marie Leszczyńska and the marriage of young Polish noblewoman to the king of France and of Navarre – Louis XV. The third chapter presents the organization and functioning of queen Marie’s court – Maison de la Reine. It also includes an attempt to compare its personnel to that of Marie Leszczyńska’s predecessor, Maria-Theresa of Spain, the wife of king Louis XIV. Another part of the dissertation deals with the cultural aspects of court entertainments in which Leszczyńska took part as the queen of France. It enumerates and describes the court balls, theatre, extraordinary feasts connected with, e. G. Weddings of the royal children or parties organized by the queen in her apartments. The fifth part presents Marie Leszczyńska’s passion for music, the role and position of music at the court of Versailles, the rhythm and repertoire of the concerts organized by the queen. The last chapter of the dissertation is devoted to the musical education of Marie Leszczyńska’s and Louis XV’s children, for whom music was a real life passion. The thesis ends with an epilogue, describing the circumstances of the death of Marie Leszczyńska, queen of France and of Navarre, in 1768. The dissertation also contains an abundant appendix based on 18th century source materials
Rozprawa zatytułowana Przejawy kulturalnej działalności Marii Leszczyńskiej na dworze w Wersalu. Życie muzyczne królowej składa się z sześciu rozdziałów i epilogu. W pierwszej części przedstawiona została genealogia rodu Leszczyńskich i tradycje kulturalne tejże rodziny przekazywane z pokolenia na pokolenie od XVI do XVIII wieku. Kolejny rozdział poświęcony jest młodości i edukacji Marii Leszczyńskiej, oraz zaślubinom szlachcianki polskiej z królem Francji i Nawary – Ludwikiem XV. W rozdziale trzecim przedstawiono organizacje i funkcjonowanie dworu królowej Marii – Maison de la Reine, a także podjęto próbę porównania jego personelu do poprzedniczki Leszczyńskiej Marii Teresy hiszpańskiej, żony Ludwika XIV. Kolejny fragment rozprawy opisuje aspekty kulturalnych rozrywek dworskich, w których Leszczyńska uczestniczyła jako królowa Francji. Wymienione zostały i opisane dworskie bale, teatr, święta nadzwyczajne związane np. Z zaślubinami królewskich dzieci, czy też organizowane przez królową salony tzw. Apartamenty. W piątej części przedstawiono zamiłowanie Marii Leszczyńskiej do muzyki. Rola i miejsce muzyki na dworze w Wersalu, rytm i repertuar organizowanych przez królową koncertów. Ostatni rozdział rozprawy poświęcony został edukacji muzycznej dzieci Marii Leszczyńskiej i Ludwika XV, dla których muzyka była prawdziwą życiową pasją. Praca kończy się epilogiem, przedstawiającym okoliczności śmierci Marii Leszczyńskiej, królowej Francji i Nawary w 1768 roku. Do rozprawy dołączony został bogaty aneks bazujący na XVIII-to wiecznych materiałach źródłowych
Jammet, Nadine. "Discours médical et discours de la folie sur le politique et le religieux dans l'Angleterre de la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30013.
Full textIn eighteenth-century England the way people looked upon their relationships with the environment changed dramatically. Madness was a key issue in the political debate brought about by the social and economic changes that were gradually transforming the relation of man to man. Although the mad were not systematically incarcerated in the imposing Victorian asylums yet, they were no longer listened to since their discourse was considered as the consequence of somatic disorders by the rising medical profession. But, a close study of both mad- and medical discourses has shown that doctors and patients had more in common than they seemed to. On the one hand, the idea of chaos often associated with insanity in the eighteenth century, no longer applies to mad-discourse once it has been studied thoroughly. On the other hand, the medical treatises published throughout the century are replete with a large number of incoherences and contradictions that appear as symptomatic of social, economic and political pressures. Thus, although we are confronted to two opposite visions of man in the world -- one is functional, paraphrastic and universal while the other one is metaphysical, symbolical and singular -- we mustn't oversee that mad and medical discourses are characteristic of the authors' will to deal with conflicting and dangerous sociopolitical forces in a context of increasing ontological insecurity (according to Anthony Giddens's definition of it)
Benbijja, Khalid. "La vie économique et politique des Juifs au Maroc de la fin du 18e siècle à l'instauration du protectorat français 1912." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA083664.
Full textThe economical life of the Jews in Morocco is distinguished according to two different sectors. On the one hand, the rural world living from agriculture and breeding on the other hand, the urban world, relatively developed, living from craft industry (for example jewellery and shoemaking…) and from commerce. The manor Jewish community: The "Tujjars as sultan", diplomats or negotiators is depended on the state. The sultans and makhzen had found their interests thanks to those sales men, offering them many advantages. The Jews had an essential role in the economy of the country during the eighteen and the nineteenth centuries. The Jewish community knew how to resist the status of dhimmis and the political instability by respecting the inter-communities relations, while preserving its own traditions and culture. The extension of the occidental protection on a great number of Jews with different social back ground has many consequences on the political stability of the country and on the economical decay at the end of the 19th century
Geneste, Olivier. "Vie artistique et Réforme catholique en Périgord : mobilier et décors des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles dans les églises de Dordogne." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30005.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to study the artistic life in the dioceses of Périgueux and Sarlat during the Ancien Regime, through the production of church furniture, in the context of the Catholic Reformation. It is therefore possible to understand the specific role of every social group in the restoration of the sanctuaries and in the different processes to order pieces of art. The documentation coming from the local archives provides us a lot of information about many artists and craftsmen who worked in the construction of altarpieces and tabernacles during this period, raising questions about the modes of production, structure and functioning of the workshops, but also the professional status of the provincial masters at a time when the concepts of art and craft are taking different ways. On the other hand, the study of the relations with major urban centers around, such as Bordeaux or Toulouse, and the mobility of artists working in Périgord, help us to determine the place of this province in the “artistic geography” of France. The analysis of forms and styles, and their evolution throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, based on a catalog of works preserved in the churches of Dordogne, highlights the influence of engraved models on the local productions. This asks the question of the own ability of creation of these artists and how, on the basis of images and forms used as models, each of them develops its own manner, with a surprising talent for interpretation. Finally, the comparison between productions visible in Périgord and the regions of the south-west and the centre of France, such as Limousin, Auvergne and Quercy, leads to the identification of common characteristics, both in the initiation and development of a “baroque art”, certainly local but whose authors have not ignored the great European art