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1
Julianti, Reffani, and Weishaguna. "Kajian Tingkat Walkabilitas Kawasan Wisata Belanja Kain Cigondewah Kota Bandung." Bandung Conference Series: Urban & Regional Planning 2, no. 2 (2022): 794–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/bcsurp.v2i2.4300.
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Abstract. Cigondewah tourist area is a textile shopping area and it officially reactivated as a tourist village in Bandung City after the Covid-19 pandemic. Cigondewah tourism village is located along the cigondewah corridor. Cigodewah tourist area has a position as a city strategy area with specifications as textile center in the RTRW of Bandung. Commercial areas such as Cigondewah tourist area have high potential to become the economic driving force for Bandung. It’s necessary to develop the area which can start with the development of pedestrian paths. The pedestrian path is important for this area because tourists in a commercial area like this need to move from one shop to another.The need for a special pedestrian path also arises because of the mixing of transportation modes in one lane with a road width approximately 4-6 meters. So, it’s necessary to hold a pedestrian path in Cigondewah tourist area to solve the problem, however, before carrying out development, a walkability study is needed. So, the level of walkability of Cigondewah tourist area needs to be the main focus as the first step. Walkability is the level of friendliness to walk in an area. To determine the walkability of an area, various methods can be used, including the Global Walkability Index developed by Krambeck, this study of the Global Walkability Index using observations and interviews from the field. After the calculations, the final results of this study showed that Cigondewah tourist area was not walkable with a walkability value less than 24.
 Abstrak. Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah adalah sebuah area pertokoan kain yang secara resmi baru saja di aktifkan kembali sebagai salah satu kampung wisata di Kota Bandung setelah pandemi Covid-19 menyerang. Kampung Wisata Kain Cigondewah ini berada di sepanjang koridor cigondewah. Kawasan wisata kain cigodewah memiliki posisi sebagai Kawasan strategis kota dengan spesifikasi keunggulan sentra tekstilnya di dalam RTRW Kota Bandung. Kawasan komersil seperti Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah memiliki potensi yang tinggi untuk menjadi roda penggerak ekonomi Kota Bandung. Maka, perlu dilakukannya pengembangan Kawasan yang bisa dimulai dengan pengembangan jalur pejalan kakinya. Jalur pejalan kaki penting bagi Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah karena pengunjung di area komersil seperti ini perlu berpindah dari toko satu ke toko yang lain. Kebutuhan akan jalur khusus pejalan kaki juga timbul karena bercampurnya antara setiap moda transportasi dalam 1 jalur yang lebar jalannya kisaran 4-6 meter ini. Sehingga, untuk menangani masalah tersebut, perlu diadakannya jalur pejalan kaki di Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah, namun, sebelum melakukan pengembangan, diperlukan kajian walkabilitasnya terlebih dahulu sebagai Langkah pertama. Maka, tingkat walkabilitas Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah perlu menjadi focus utama sebagai Langkah pertama. Walkabilitas adalah tingkat keramahan untuk berjalan kaki di suatu area. Untuk mengetahui walkabilitas suatu area bisa menggunakan berbagai cara termasuk Global Walkability Index yang dikembangkan oleh Krambeck, kajian Global Walkability Index ini menggunakan hasil observasi dan wawancara dari lapangan. Setelah peneliti melakukan perhitungan, didapatkan hasil akhir dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kawasan Wisata Kain Cigondewah tidak walkable dengan nilai walkabilitas kurang dari 24.
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Ishak, Che Abdullah, Ahmad Zaki Zulkifli, Nasrudin Na'asah, Omar Chong Noraini, and Mohd Nor Marina. "Measuring Urban Walkability Index for the Town Centre of Petaling Jaya." Malaysia Journal of Invention and Innovation 4, no. 2 (2025): 43–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14822126.
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Walkability has been introduced as one of the newest elements in supporting green neighbourhood. Various studies have been conducted to identify the built environment factors that influences people’s decision to walk. From these studies, scholars have developed walkability index to measure the walkability of a specific areas. However, most of this studies are conducted outside of Malaysia. Despite the numerous advantages of using walkability index to measure walkability of an area, the application of walkability index in Malaysia is limited and scarce. Therefore, this study attempts to develop the walkability index based on Malaysian context and test the feasibility of using this walkability index in Malaysia. The walkability index indicators were adjusted to suit the Malaysian local environment and used transportation network design, land use diversity and population density as the built environment indicators. The walkability index was tested in the urban areas of Petaling Jaya and were validated by the officers from the Transport Department of Petaling Jaya City Council. Results shown that the index is able to produce walkability results and depict areas with high and low walkability among the people. This study provided useful insights on how walkability index can assist planners and stakeholders in making informed decision in improving the built environment to promote walkability among the people.
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Ishak Che Abdullah, Zulkifli Ahmad Zaki, Na'asah Nasrudin, Noraini Omar Chong, and Marina Mohd Nor. "Measuring Urban Walkability Index for the Town Centre of Petaling Jaya." Malaysia Journal of Invention and Innovation 4, no. 2 (2025): 43–47. https://doi.org/10.64382/mjii.v4i2.82.
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Walkability has been introduced as one of the newest elements in supporting green neighbourhood. Various studies have been conducted to identify the built environment factors that influences people’s decision to walk. From these studies, scholars have developed walkability index to measure the walkability of a specific areas. However, most of this studies are conducted outside of Malaysia. Despite the numerous advantages of using walkability index to measure walkability of an area, the application of walkability index in Malaysia is limited and scarce. Therefore, this study attempts to develop the walkability index based on Malaysian context and test the feasibility of using this walkability index in Malaysia. The walkability index indicators were adjusted to suit the Malaysian local environment and used transportation network design, land use diversity and population density as the built environment indicators. The walkability index was tested in the urban areas of Petaling Jaya and were validated by the officers from the Transport Department of Petaling Jaya City Council. Results shown that the index is able to produce walkability results and depict areas with high and low walkability among the people. This study provided useful insights on how walkability index can assist planners and stakeholders in making informed decision in improving the built environment to promote walkability among the people.
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Affif, Aulia Malik. "Walkability Index of Kampung Madras Commercial Area." ARSITEKTURA 18, no. 2 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/arst.v18i2.43421.
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<p><em>In most Indonesian cities, people tend to drive or using other modes than to walk. Recent studies revealed that this happened because the lack of walking infrastructure and environment. Kampung Madras, formerly known as ‘Kampung Keling’ is a commercial area located near the city center and easily can be reached by various modes of transportation. Kampung Madras has various types of different activities such as cultural activities and worship facilities like Shri Mariamman Temple and Pagaruyung Street as an Indian culinary spot. This research aims to assess walkability index of Kampung Madras Commercial Area using The Global Walkability Index to provide information in Kampung Madras about the walkway conditions. This research used a quantitative approach and employed field walkability survey method to assess walking environment quality. Global Walkability Index 9 parameters used as a field walkability survey tools. There are 100 respondents being interviewed. The result of this research is final walkability rating of Kampung Madras Commercial Area after averaging each 9 Global Walkability Index parameters is 44,4.</em></p>
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Ahmad, Akmal Azizi, and Nabilah Naharudin. "Walkability Index in Pasir Gudang by using GIS." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1051, no. 1 (2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1051/1/012015.
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Abstract Walkability is defined as the level of comfort of an environment can be provided to people so they can walk to their destination. Walkability also supports community health, safety, liveability and reduce car dependence. Walkability is vital due to urban growth and the increased number of vehicle used. Walkable city promotes the residents to walk more in their neighbourhood. In addition to that, a walkable city promotes an active transportation in the era that seems to be very much car reliance. This study aims to measure the Walkability Index in the city of Pasir Gudang while addressing a question; i) How can the Walkability Index be measured? Hence, a new index was developed to address the question. The Walkability Index is calculated for every neighbourhood in Pasir Gudang by using the 3D criteria, Dwelling Density, Land Use Diversity, and Intersection Density. The index was classified into five categories from the lowest to the highest index.
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Cardoso, Matias, Vasileios Milias, and Maurice Harteveld. "Developing a city-specific walkability index through a participatory approach." AGILE: GIScience Series 5 (May 30, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-5-2-2024.
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Abstract. The extent to which the built environment encourages people to walk in public spaces, hence the quality of being walkable or ‘walkability’ has long been associated with positive outcomes on people’s health. While various studies have developed indices to assess walkability, limited attention has been given to indices that reflect the influence of specific city characteristics on walkability. This study showcases the development of a city-specific walkability index through a participatory approach using Amsterdam as a case study. It explores the viewpoints of urban designers and policy-makers who work or reside in Amsterdam on what constitutes a walkable street and identifies the most significant walkability factors for Amsterdam. These factors are then quantified based on open-access datasets and integrated into a street-level weighted walkability index. The resulting walkability index underscores the importance of factors such as traffic and crime safety, quality of the pedestrian infrastructure, and proximity to public amenities in shaping residents’ decisions to walk in specific public spaces. Finally, this research underscores the importance of involving individuals through participatory methods, considering subjective perspectives, and acknowledging shared experiences within particular groups and spaces when assessing walkability.
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Sofwan, Muhammad, and Mira Hafizhah Tanjung. "Evaluation Study Of Walkability Index In Central Business District (CBD) Area, Pekanbaru City." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 5, no. 3 (2020): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2020.5.3.4181.
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Walkable cities emphasize cities with high walkability values, where walkability can be defined as the degree to which the environment can be pedestrian friendly. Walkable city is considered to be able to increase people's desire to walk so that it can make the environment more humanistic and can also help realize one of the objectives of sustainable transportation. The value of walkability can be viewed from the perspective of the urban form (macro level) of an area. The Central Business District (CBD) Pekanbaru City walkability index assessment uses the WAI IPEN Project model that measures the form of the Urban Form. The walkability assessment process in the Pekanbaru Kota Sub-District Area (CBD) divides the study area into 6 grids. The analysis shows that there are 4 grids that have a negative walkability value. In the analysis of the walkability value pattern it can be seen that the area dominated by office activities has a lower walkability value compared to the area that has mixed land use.
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Sinambela, Yohannes Putra Perkasa. "ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK PUBLIKASI INDEKS WALKABILITY KOTA." MUSTEK ANIM HA 12, no. 03 (2024): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/mustek.v12i03.6268.
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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mencari unsur kebaruan artikel ilmiah Urban Walkability Index, mengingat nilai walkable sangat penting bagi pelaku kegiatan di suatu kawasan binaan (ruang kota). Software publish or perish 8 digunakan untuk memanen data artikel ilmiah dari google scholar dengan pengaturan rentan tahun 2019-2023 dan jumlah maksimal artikel 1000. Software VOSviewer digunakan untuk visualisasi data yang diperoleh. Terdapat 995 artikel ilmiah Urban Walkability Index dengan jumlah citasi per artikel 21,64 dari hasil memanen data. Sedangkan hasil visualisasi artikel ilmiah Urban Walkability Index menunjukkan 6 kluster, 133 item istilah. Istilah yang paling sering muncul adalah walkability, index, walkability index, study, analysis, city, area, urban design, urban development, sustainability, urban planner influence, approach, dan accessibility dan saling berkaitan. Terdapat peluang untuk mengembangkan penelitian ini sesuai konteks di Indonesia, khususnya Kabupaten Merauke Provinsi Papua Selatan serta melibatkan berbagai disiplin ilmu.
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Michael T. Ang, Charlie Taclendo, and Ava Clare Marie Robles. "A Model Walkability Index for Sustainable Urban Mobility of a Region: The Case of Soccsksargen- A Transdisciplinary Research Approach." Global Sustainability Research 2, no. 4 (2023): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56556/gssr.v2i4.604.
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Although walkability studies have been pronounced and recognized as an important factor for sustainable urban development, few studies have focused on calculating a reliable walkability index that captures the multifaceted dimensions of urban mobility. Hence, this study aimed to formulate a Model Walkability Index for SoCCSKSarGen Region as the basis for urban development policies in achieving sustainable mobility. Using a convergent mixed methods design, data were collected from 399 pedestrians, five professional design organizations, and 2 public health experts. Through a transdisciplinary approach, it utilized statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and multivariate analysis. For the qualitative findings, data were analyzed using Quirkos and MaxQDA software. Likewise, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was employed to derive the key Walkability factors for formulating the Walkability Index Model. Data revealed that all groups of experts were similar in identifying safety, comfort, and aesthetics as walkability attributes. On the contrary, only the transdisciplinary design professionals considered anthropometric measures and activities as walkability attributes aside from those previously mentioned. Likewise, the converged data provided substance in developing the Model Walkability Index (MWI) for SoCCSKSarGen Region. The resulting MWI discussed in the study represents the convergence of transdisciplinary efforts integrating safe roadway design concepts and sustainability considerations. Furthermore, the study offers a holistic assessment of walkability, enabling stakeholders to foster the creation of future walkable urban communities that are safe, healthy, and environmentally conscious.
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Tarek, Menna, Ghada Farouk Hassan, Abeer Elshater, and Mohamed Elfayoumi. "Investigating Built Environment Indicators to Develop a Local Walkability Index." Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs 5, no. 2 (2021): 235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2021.v5n2-7.
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Many studies have been conducted over the last 20 years to determine and measure factors that affect the walkability of city streets. Walkability is an essential factor in deciding whether a city is green or sustainable. This paper creates a comprehensive walkability index by analysing built environmental indicators that affect walkability. This research was conducted on mixed land use streets in Cairo, Egypt, combining the results from an online survey and a walkability assessment model developed by multi-criteria decision analysis techniques. The results were based on a three-pillar approach starting with the theoretical background to frame the walkability indicator, numerical assessment over the Egyptian cases using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique and a qualitative user perception survey. Our results confirm that determining to what extent Cairo’s streets are walkable is crucial to enhancing pedestrians’ perceptions of the walking environment. Furthermore, the results illustrated the essential factors within the built environment indicators that influence pedestrian walking behaviour.
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Pahlevi, Auzan, Sylvia Agustina, and Myna Agustina Yusuf. "Identifikasi Kondisi Jalur Pedestrian dan Index Walkability di Kawasan Darussalam Kota Banda Aceh." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Arsitektur dan Perencanaan 7, no. 4 (2023): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jimap.v7i4.25586.
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Walkability Index adalah salah satu metode untuk menilai kualitas lingkungan aktivitas berjalan. Menurut Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2009-2029, Kawasan Darussalam termasuk salah satu kawasan dengan fungsi pendidikan dan perdagangan dengan skala pelayanan regional, kota, dan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melihat kondisi jalur pedestrian di Kawasan Darussalam melalui inventarisasi dan skoring fasilitas serta hambatan di jalur pedestrian. Data penggunaan lahan dan jaringan jalan diturunkan menjadi walkability index yang terdiri dari connectivity index, entrophy index, Floor Area Ratio (FAR), dan kepadatan permukiman dengan menggunakan analisis spasial dengan ArcGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi jalur pedestrian di Kawasan Darussalam memiliki 78% (50 segmen) dengan kondisi buruk dan 22% (14 segmen) dengan kondisi sedang. Skor walkability index antara -3.9 – 7,2. Klasifikasi tinggi berada pada urban area D, klasifikasi sedang berada pada urban area A, dan klasifikasi rendah berada pada urban area B, C, E, dan F. Hasil Overlay menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi hasil identifikasi kondisi jalur pedestrian dan hasil walkability index, bahwa pada urban area dengan skor walkability index tinggi dan sedang umumnya masih memiliki kondisi jalur pedestrian yang rendah, sehingga rekomendasi penelitian ini perlu dilakukannya penambahan ketersediaan dan kualitas jalur pedestrian di Kawasan Darussalam, terutama pada urban area yang memiliki nilai walkability index tinggi dan sedang.
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Suprapto, Rhisa A., Ani H. Arthasari, M. Fitrah A P L, Razan Alif K, and Ubaydilah. "Walkability study in Kauman and Surrounding to support sustainable tourism." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1462, no. 1 (2025): 012043. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1462/1/012043.
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Abstract This research aims to assess walkability using the Global Walkability Index (GWI) to find out the score and how friendly the Kauman tourist area is for pedestrians. The comfort of tourists in Kauman Village is the main goal of tourism activities. One of the parameters that influence the comfort of traveling is the ease of mobility by walking from one object to another. To increase tourist comfort, a sustainable tourism development model based on walkability is needed. To find out this, this research will begin by identifying the walkability conditions on the roads most frequently used by pedestrians, and then analyzing the walkability score in the area based on the Global Walkability Index (GWI). Furthermore, validation of the GWI result will be continued by using Urban Modelling Interface Simulation for Walkability, and the simulation score can reach the goal of walkability.
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Nugroho, Rizky Arif, and Athaya Rusnabilah. "NILAI INDEX WALKABILITY JALUR PEJALAN KAKI DI KAWASAN PERDAGANGAN DAN JASA KOTA SAMARINDA." REKSABUMI 1, no. 1 (2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/reksabumi.v1i1.1962.2022.
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Berjalan kaki merupakan salah satu moda dari transportasi yang dapat menghubungkan manusia dari suatu tempat dengan tempat lain. Sehingga, dapat diketahui bahwa berjalan kaki adalah moda transportasi yang dapat menghubungkan pergerakan manusia untuk berpindah dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain khususnya pada pusat-pusat kegiatan di wilayah perkotaan agar dapat menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas. Kegiatan berjalan kaki di pusat-pusat kegiatan wilayah perkotaan perlu memiliki karakteristik Kota Ramah Pejalan Kaki atau Walkable City. Walkable City merupakan suatu kota dimana penduduk di kota tersebut lebih memilih untuk berjalan kaki sebagai moda transportasi utama yang mereka gunakan, dengan alasan kesehatan, bersantai, dan meningkatkan karakteristik kota dalam tingkat index walkability. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka perlu diketahui nilai index walkability dari kawasan Pasar Pagi Kota Samarinda yang merupakan kawasan peruntukan perdagangan dan jasa dengan berbagai macam aktivitas. Penilaian index walkability dilakukan dengan menghitung kinerja pada setiap variabel index walkability menggunakan Skala Likert. Hasilnya adalah berdasarkan nilai rata-rata dari index walkability masing-masing koridor jalan, didapatkan nilai index walkability Kawasan Pasar Pagi yaitu 36 dari skor maksimal 100. Nilai tersebut berarti Kawasan Pasar Pagi masuk ke dalam kategori Not Walkable.
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Ibrahim, Sara, Ahmed Younes, and Shahira Assem Abdel-Razek. "Impact of Neighborhood Urban Morphologies on Walkability Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis." Urban Science 8, no. 2 (2024): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8020070.
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With the increase in car domination, air pollution, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl, sustainable, livable, creative, and walkable cities are critical, now more than ever, for improving quality of life. The effect of neighborhood urban morphologies on walkability has received much attention in recent years. In this vein, the main research question is: how do different neighborhood urban morphologies impact the level of walkability in urban environments, and what are the essential elements impacting the walkability index? Thus, this research aims to determine the impact of urban morphology on walkability in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, as a case study by utilizing multi-spatial analysis. In particular, the study focused on assessing the walkability of four different study areas that vary according to their urban morphology: Kafr–Abdo, Smouha, Latin Quarter, and Roushdy areas. The analysis utilized GIS to calculate a number of indicators to reach the final walkability index for each study area. Results helped to identify the neighborhoods characterized by the lowest level of pedestrian walkability in relation to the area’s urban morphology in an attempt to help decision-makers suggest the appropriate interventions for those areas. The aggregated index results showed that the highest walkability index was that of the gridiron morphology, followed by the linear morphology, with the radial and organic morphologies coming in behind them, respectively. The composite walkability index values were 0.364, 0.247, 0.232 and 0.225, respectively. The reason for this is mainly the presence of the commercial density, intersection density, street density, services density, BCR, and residential density.
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Kato, Haruka. "Effect of Walkability on Urban Sustainability in the Osaka Metropolitan Fringe Area." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219248.
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This study aimed to clarify the effect of walkability on urban sustainability, according to the types of residential clusters in the Osaka Metropolitan fringe area. For this purpose, this study analyzed the statistical causal relationship between the Walkability Index and the Ecological Footprint to Biocapacity (EF/BC) ratio of each residential cluster. The EF/BC ratio is the ratio of the ecological footprint of the biocapacity of the residential clusters. As a result, the effect of walkability on urban sustainability was clarified depending upon the types of residential clusters in the Osaka Metropolitan fringe area. Specifically, it was found that the Walkability Index negatively affects the EF/BC ratio in the sprawl cluster. This suggests that, in the sprawl cluster, active efforts to improve the Walkability Index can contribute to the realization of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda). However, Walkability Index has a strong positive effect on the EF/BC ratio in the old new-town cluster, etc. For the residential clusters, the results of this study suggested that there is a necessity to improve urban sustainability through approaches other than improving Walkability.
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Deng, Chengbin, Xiaoyu Dong, Huihai Wang, et al. "A Data-Driven Framework for Walkability Measurement with Open Data: A Case Study of Triple Cities, New York." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010036.
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Walking is the most common, environment-friendly, and inexpensive type of physical activity. To perform in-depth walkability analysis, one option is to objectively evaluate different aspects of built environment related to walkability. In this study, we proposed a computational framework for walkability measurement using open data. Three major steps of this framework include the web scrapping of publicly available online data, determining varying weights of variables, and generating a synthetic walkability index. The results suggest three major conclusions. First, the proposed framework provides an explicit mechanism for walkability measurement. Second, the synthetic walkability index from this framework is comparable to Walk Score, and it tends to have a slightly higher sensitivity, especially in highly walkable areas in urban core. Third, this framework was effectively applied in a metropolitan area that contains three small cities that together represent a small, old shrinking region, which extends the topical area in the literature. This framework has the potential to quantify walkability in any city, especially cities with a small population where walkability has rarely been studied, or those having no quantification indicator. For such areas, researchers can calculate the synthetic walkability index based on this framework, to assist urban planners, community leaders, health officials, and policymakers in their practices to improve the walking environment of their communities.
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Zulfiah, Hanna, Priyendiswara Agustina Bella, I. G. Oka Sindhu Pribadi, and Liong Ju Tjung. "PERHITUNGAN TINGKAT WALKABILITY DI KAWASAN TERPADU SUDIRMAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PERHITUNGAN MATEMATIS IPEN PROJECT." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 5, no. 2 (2023): 1853–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v5i2.24345.
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Compared to the development of facilities for other modes of transportation, the Indonesian government has not placed much emphasis on the development of pedestrian facilities. There are many reasons for this, one of which is the inadequate provision of pedestrian facilities as a result of the shift in function from public space to parking lots or commercial space. It is this lack of an approach to facility provision that considers environmental factors as well as pedestrian behavior and preferences that leads to non-conformity. Planning for urban development often emphasizes transportation routes over pedestrian routes, giving vehicular routes greater priority. In addition, cities today are required to have a good level of walkability. The current definition of walkability is still qualitative with subjective assessments. Therefore, it is necessary to re-understand walkability that can be assessed quantitatively and more objectively. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of walkability objectively using the IPEN Project mathematical methodology, which is based on the Connectivity index, Entropy index, FAR index and Household index. The Sudirman Central Business District (SCBD) area will be the study object of this research. In this research, the object of study will be divided into several area units, and the walkability value of each unit will be compared to identify places with high or low walkability value. The results show that places with high activity levels are located in areas with commercial zone designations so that the area has a high walkability value compared to other areas.. Keywords: Sudirman Central Business District (SCBD); Walkability; IPEN Project Abstrak Dibandingkan dengan pengembangan fasilitas untuk moda transportasi lain, pemerintah Indonesia belum memberikan penekanan pada pengembangan fasilitas pejalan kaki. Ada banyak alasan untuk hal ini, salah satunya adalah tidak memadainya penyediaan fasilitas bagi pejalan kaki sebagai akibat dari pergeseran fungsi dari ruang publik ke tempat parkir atau menjadi lahan komersial. Kurangnya pendekatan terhadap penyediaan fasilitas yang mempertimbangkan faktor lingkungan serta perilaku dan preferensi pejalan kaki inilah yang menyebabkan ketidaksesuaian ketentuan. Perencanaan untuk pembangunan perkotaan sering menekankan jalur transportasi di atas jalur pejalan kaki, memberikan jalur kendaraan prioritas yang lebih besar. Selain itu, kota saat ini di tuntut harus memiliki tingkat walkability yang baik. Definisi walkability yang di pahami saat ini masih bersifat kualitatif dengan penilaian yang subjektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukannya pemahaman ulang mengenai walkability yang dapat dinilai secara kuantitatif dan lebih obyektif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan tingkat walkability secara objektif menggunakan metodologi matematika IPEN Project, yang didasarkan pada Connectivity index, Entropy index, FAR index dan Household index. Kawasan Sudirman Central Business District (SCBD) akan menjadi objek studi dari penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini, objek penelitian akan dibagi menjadi beberapa unit area, dan nilai walkability masing-masing unit akan dibandingkan untuk mengidentifikasi tempat-tempat dengan nilai walkability tinggi maupun rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tempat-tempat dengan tingkat aktivitas yang tinggi berada di kawasan dengan peruntukan zona komersial sehingga kawasan tersebut memiliki nilai walkability yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lain.
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Habibian, Meeghat, and Aryan Hosseinzadeh. "Walkability index across trip purposes." Sustainable Cities and Society 42 (October 2018): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.07.005.
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Smith, Ken R., Barbara B. Brown, Ikuho Yamada, Lori Kowaleski-Jones, Cathleen D. Zick, and Jessie X. Fan. "Walkability and Body Mass Index." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35, no. 3 (2008): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.028.
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Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, and Elaine Hoffimann. "Development of a Neighbourhood Walkability Index for Porto Metropolitan Area. How Strongly Is Walkability Associated with Walking for Transport?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (2018): 2767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122767.
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The creation of walkable communities constitutes a cost-effective health promotion strategy, as walking is an accessible and free intervention for increasing physical activity and health. In this cross-sectional ecological study, we developed a walkability index for the Porto Metropolitan Area and we validated it by assessing its association with walking for transportation. Neighborhood walkability was measured using a geographic information system and resulted from the weighted sum of residential density, street connectivity, and a destination-based entropy index. The index was categorized into quintiles of increasing walkability. Among the 1,112,555 individuals living in the study area, 28.1% resided in neighborhoods in the upper quintile of walkability and 15.8% resided in the least walkable neighborhoods. Adjusted regression models revealed that individuals residing in the most walkable neighborhoods are 81% more likely to report walking for transportation, compared with those from the least walkable neighborhoods (odds ratio: 1.81; 95% confidence intervals: 1.76–1.87). These results suggest that community design strategies to improve walkability may promote walking behavior.
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Jin, Suin, and Eun Jung Kim. "Correlation of the Walk Score and Environmental Perceptions with Perceived Neighborhood Walkability: The Quantile Regression Model Approach." Sustainability 16, no. 16 (2024): 7074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16167074.
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The walk score, which is widely used as an index of walkability, does not include pedestrian’s perception, so there is a limit to explaining the level of perceived walkability in a neighborhood. The purpose of this study is to examine how an objectively measured walk score and subjectively measured environmental perceptions correlate with perceived neighborhood walkability. This study conducted a survey on 371 participants aged 18 or older living in Daegu, South Korea to examine perceived neighborhood walkability and perception of the built environment. We measured the walk score based on participants’ location using a geographic information system. We used the quantile regression model, whereby we investigated the effects of explanatory variables (e.g., the walk score, perceptions of the built environment) by classifying perceived neighborhood walkability by quantile into Q10, Q25, Q50, Q75, and Q90. The walk score had a positive association with people with low perceived neighborhood walkability (Q10), but a negative association with people with high perceived neighborhood walkability (Q90). Regarding views of the built environment, in most quantiles, people perceived the environment as walkable if there were abundant green spaces and diverse alternative routes. Conversely, odors, smoke, hills, and stairs impeded walkability. This indicates that along with an objective walkability index, perceptions of the built environment play an important role in determining perceived neighborhood walkability. This implies that our results can help identify appropriate policies to promote walkability for citizens.
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Safitri, Revy, and Ririn Amelia. "Walkability Index in Commercial Area of Pangkalpinang City." Jurnal Infrastruktur 5, no. 2 (2019): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/infrastruktur.v5i2.1009.
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One of the commercial areas in Pangkalpinang City is located in Pangkalpinang Plaza - Bangka Trade Center Area. As a commercial area, this area generates a large number of trips. Trip attractions towards this area are not only vehicle trips but also trips of the pedestrians. The trips of pedestrians in this area require pedestrian facilities. Evaluation of pedestrian facilities needs to be carried out to provide adequate pedestrian facilities. Pedestrian facilities can be evaluated based on walkability assessments. This study aims to evaluate the pedestrian facilities in Pangkalpinang Plaza - Bangka Trade Center Area through walkability index assessment. In measuring the walkability index, the pedestrian routes in this area are divided into 16 road segments. Then, the walkability index will be assessed using 9 parameters in each road segment. In this study, the walkability index assessment was carried out by comparing assessments based on the inventory of pedestrian facilities and based on perceptions of pedestrians. The results show that Pangkalpinang Plaza - Bangka Trade Center Area is in bad condition for walking. Besides that, this research reveals both based on an inventory of pedestrian facilities and based on pedestrian perceptions, that the disability infrastructure is not yet available. The results of this study also show that most of the parameters are not good enough, so it is necessary to improve pedestrian facilities. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as a consideration of the government for improving pedestrian facilities in Pangkalpinang Plaza - Bangka Trade Center Area.
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Suminar, L., M. R. Kasim, and A. M. M. Tasywiq. "Measuring urban walkability index in Surakarta historic district to promote sustainable mobility." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1394, no. 1 (2024): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1394/1/012034.
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Abstract The concept of walkability is a critical enabler of sustainable urban development, benefiting both people and the environment. Having various historical places and buildings, Surakarta’s historic district attracts tourists who are interested in visiting the area. The existence of Surakarta City Hall, Pasar Gede, and Fort Vastenburg in this area is close to one another. Various cultural events are frequently held in this area as well. Hence, the provision of a walkable environment is necessary to support walking mobility from one place to another. This study aims to assess the level of walkability on Jenderal Sudirman street and Urip Sumoharjo street, so as it enhances sustainable mobility in historic tourism district. Data collection was carried out through observation to identify the variables and assess the level of walkability by using Global Walkability Index. The results show that the walkability index on Jenderal Sudirman Street is higher than Urip Sumoharjo Street. The principles of sustainable mobility relate to walkability variables that need to be better improved, that are the availability of shade vegetation to improve environmental aspect, the availability of crossing points and the motorist’s behavior related to social costs, as well as the adequacy of facilities which can increase pedestrian comfort. The results of this study are expected to be beneficial for future development in providing a more accessible and walkable historic tourism district.
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Kim, Eun Jung, and Young-Jae Kim. "A Reliability Check of Walkability Indices in Seoul, Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (2019): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010176.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate walkability levels using popular indices and check the measurement reliability between those indices. This study evaluates the city of Seoul, using 100 × 100 m grid points (N = 44,000) as spatial units of analysis. In this study, four types of indices were used to measure walkability levels: Walkability index (WI), Walk score (WS), Pedshed (Ps), and Movability index (MI). This study utilizes Pearson’s R, Brand–Altman plot with limit of agreement (LOA), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as reliability check methods. The measurement reliability among the four indices was found to be relatively high. The Pearson’s R values were between 0.308 and 0.645, and the range of inside LOA of Brand–Altman plots was 94.5% to 95.5%. The ICC value of the four indices was 0.544, indicating moderate reliability. The results reveal a relatively high level of measurement reliability between the four indices. On the basis of this study’s results, the level of walkability in other cities in Korea can be ascertained. The study may provide future direction for walkability index development that considers urban environmental characteristics. From the results, we expect that future urban planning and policies will aim to improve walkability.
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Titis, Vica Endah, Danang Parikesit, Imam Muthohar, and Latief Budi Suparma. "Identifikasi Desain Walkability Kawasan TOD Blok A." Jurnal Transportasi Multimoda 18, no. 2 (2021): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/mtm.v18i2.1717.
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TOD adalah solusi untuk mengatasi masalah kemacetan di Jakarta, terutama kawasan Blok A. Pengembangan kawasan ini berorientasi transit. Sementara, walkablity sebagai fondasi berdirinya TOD. Walkability merupakan ukuran seberapa baik membentuk lingkungan yang menyemarakkan berjalan kaki (Riley et al., 2013, Grasser et al., 2013). Maka, peneliti bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi desain walkability eksisting.Tahapan pengukuran penelitian ini, yaitu: pertama, pola pergerakan pejalan kaki dilakukan dengan plotting pergerakan pejalan kak. Kedua, pengukuran indeks walkability menggunakan alat Clean Air Initiative for Asia Cities. Ketiga, pengukuran preferensi pejalan kaki menggunakan survei wawancara Global WaIkability Index. Keempat, redesain walkability disesuaikan dari penelitian Marchiano (2019) yang menyediakan integrasi moda. Redesain walkability sesuai kriteria Pedoman Perencanaan Teknis Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat dengan mempertimbangkan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang Jakarta Selatan. Keempat, Pola Pejalan Kaki yang ada, preferensi pejalan kaki, dan indeks walkability adalah tiga faktor untuk menyusun pola pergerakan setelah redesain walkability. Output yang diperoleh ialah indeks walkability setelah redesain.Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan indeks walkability eksisting sebesar 55.657 yang diklasifikasikan sebagai "sedikit walkable". Hasil preferensi pejalan kaki konsisten dengan hasil indeks walkability, walkability relatif buruk. Redesain walkability terbatas pada jalur pejalan kaki. Setelah redesain, indeks walkability meningkat menjadi 73.535 yang digolongkan "sangat walkable"
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Natali Putriana, Stephanie, R. D. A. Besya Fairdian, and Ammar Asyraf. "Analisis Walking Permeability, Walking Effort, dan Walkability Index, Studi Kasus Pada Jalan Braga Bandung." Jurnal Teknik Sipil 31, no. 2 (2024): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jts.2024.31.2.10.
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Abstrak Pergerakan manusia di Kota Bandung tak terelakkan, dengan kemacetan dan jarak perjalanan menjadikan berjalan kaki pilihan populer. Kemudahan mencapai lokasi dikaitkan dengan jarak dan waktu tempuh berjalan kaki, serta karakteristik rute memengaruhi upaya berjalan dan kualitas aksesibilitasnya. Jalan Braga adalah lokasi dengan intensitas pejalan kaki tinggi di Bandung. Penelitian ini menilai walkability menuju Jalan Braga menggunakan Metode Walking permeability, Walking Effort, dan Walkability Index. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai walkability permeability tertinggi untuk jarak dan waktu adalah 1,81 pada Rute 4: SPBU Naripan dan 2,29 pada Rute 6: Alun-alun Kota Bandung. Nilai walking effort tertinggi adalah 4362,50 pada Rute 6: Alun-alun Kota Bandung. Walkability index menunjukkan rute terbaik adalah Rute 6: Alun-alun Kota Bandung dan yang terburuk adalah Rute 3: Masjid Lautze 2.
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Visvizi, Anna, Shahira Assem Abdel-Razek, Roman Wosiek, and Radosław Malik. "Conceptualizing Walking and Walkability in the Smart City through a Model Composite w2 Smart City Utility Index." Energies 14, no. 23 (2021): 8193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238193.
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This paper explores walking and walkability in the smart city and makes a case for their centrality in the debate on the resilience and sustainability of smart cities, as outlined in the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is argued that, while the human/inhabitant-centric paradigm of urban development consolidates, and research on walking, walkability, and pedestrian satisfaction flourishes, the inroads of ICT render it necessary to reflect on these issues in the conceptually- and geographically-delimited space of the smart city. More importantly, it becomes imperative to make respective findings useful and usable for policymakers. To this end, by approaching walking and walkability through the lens of utility, the objective of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework in which the relevance of walking and walkability, hereafter referred to as w2, as a distinct subject of research in the smart cities debate is validated. This framework is then employed to construct a model of a composite w2 smart city utility index. With the focus on the development of the conceptual framework, in which the w2 utility index is embedded, this paper constitutes the first conceptual step of the composite index development process. The value added of this paper is three-fold: First, the relevance of walking and walkability as a distinct subject of research in the realm of smart cities research is established. Second, a mismatch between end-users’ satisfaction derived from walking and their perception of walkability and the objective factors influencing walking and walkability is identified and conceptualized by referencing the concept of utility. Third, a model smart city w2 utility index is proposed as a diagnostic and prognostic tool that, in the subsequent stages of research and implementation, will prove useful for decisionmakers and other stakeholders involved in the process of managing smart cities.
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Roscoe, Charlotte, Charlotte Sheridan, Mariya Geneshka, et al. "Green Walkability and Physical Activity in UK Biobank: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Adults in Greater London." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (2022): 4247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074247.
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Urban greenspace provides opportunities for outdoor exercise and may increase physical activity, with accompanying health benefits. Areas suitable for walking (walkability) are also associated with increased physical activity, but interactions with greenspace are poorly understood. We investigated associations of walkability and green walkability with physical activity in an urban adult cohort. We used cross-sectional data from Greater London UK Biobank participants (n = 57,726) and assessed walkability along roads and footpaths within 1000 m of their residential addresses. Additionally, we assessed green walkability by integrating trees and low-lying vegetation into the walkability index. Physical activity outcomes included self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity and active transport. We assessed associations using log-linear, logistic and linear regression models, adjusted for individual- and area-level confounders. Higher green walkability was associated with favourable International Physical Activity Questionnaire responses and achievement of weekly UK government physical activity guideline recommendations. Participants living in the highest versus lowest quintile of green walkability participated in 2.41 min (95% confidence intervals: 0.22, 4.60) additional minutes of moderate-and-vigorous physical activity per day. Higher walkability and green walkability scores were also associated with choosing active transport modes such as walking and cycling. Our green walkability approach demonstrates the utility in accounting for walkability and greenspace simultaneously to understand the role of the built environment on physical activity.
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Kelly, Cheryl, Min Lian, Jim Struthers, and Anna Kammrath. "Walking to Work: The Roles of Neighborhood Walkability and Socioeconomic Deprivation." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, s1 (2015): S70—S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2012-0359.
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Background:There are few studies that aimed to find a relationship between transportation-related physical activity and neighborhood socioeconomic condition using a composite deprivation index. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship of neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic deprivation with percentage of adults walking to work.Methods:A walkability index and a socioeconomic deprivation index were created at block group-level. The outcome variable, percentage of adults who walk to work was dichotomized as < 5% of the block group walking to work low and ≥ 5% of the block group walking to work as high and applied logistic regression to examine the association of walkability and socioeconomic deprivation with walking to work.Results:Individuals in the most walkable neighborhoods are almost 5 times more likely to walk to work than individuals in the least walkable neighborhoods (OR = 4.90, 95% CI = 2.80–8.59). After adjusting for neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, individuals in the most walkable neighborhoods are almost 3 times more likely to walk to work than individuals in the least walkable neighborhoods (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.62–5.49).Conclusions:Walkability (as measured by the walkability index) is a very strong indicator of walking to work even after controlling for neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage.
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Zhang, Jingyuan, Puay Yok Tan, Hui Zeng, and Ye Zhang. "Walkability Assessment in a Rapidly Urbanizing City and Its Relationship with Residential Estate Value." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (2019): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082205.
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Walkability has increasingly been recognized as an important factor for sustainable urban development that, however, has seldom been investigated in rapid urbanizing cities, especially in the Asian context. This paper assessed walkability in Futian District in the central area of Shenzhen, which has undergone very rapid urbanization within a short period of time. Walkability was assessed for 2013 and 2018 using a walkability index adapted from Walk Score. It was compared with housing prices of 215 randomly selected residential buildings, to further explore the relationships between walkability and residential estate value, provided as one practical application of the assessment of walkability in urban management. Our results show that Futian District has low walkability level, although walkability has been generally improved from 2013 to 2018. A high spatial variation of walkability level within this area was observed in both years. Overall, there was a negative relationship between walkability and housing prices (significant only in 2018), which is inconsistent with studies elsewhere. The results suggest that the housing prices in Futian District are more strongly influenced by other factors rather than by walkability. In addition, the ability of the walkability model to explicitly delineate spatial variation of walkability level makes it a powerful tool to be applied in urban planning and management. Results of this study also have practical applications, which can be used as a reference for residents’ home selection and enable them to make informed decisions in selecting walkable neighborhoods with acceptable prices.
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Wayas, Feyisayo A., Joanne A. Smith, Estelle V. Lambert, et al. "Association of Perceived Neighbourhood Walkability with Self-Reported Physical Activity and Body Mass Index in South African Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (2023): 2449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032449.
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Adolescence is a life stage critical to the establishment of healthy behaviours, including physical activity (PA). Factors associated with the built environment have been shown to impact PA across the life course. We examined the sociodemographic differences in, and associations between, perceived neighbourhood walkability, PA, and body mass index (BMI) in South African adolescents. We recruited a convenience sample (n = 143; 13–18 years; 65% female) of students from three high schools (middle/high and low-income areas). Participants completed a PA questionnaire and the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS)-Africa and anthropometry measurements. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine various relationships. We found that, compared with adolescents living in middle/high income neighbourhoods, those living in low-income neighbourhoods had lower perceived walkability and PA with higher BMI percentiles. The associations between neighbourhood walkability and PA were inconsistent. In the adjusted models, land use diversity and personal safety were associated with club sports participation, street connectivity was positively associated with school sports PA, and more favourable perceived walkability was negatively associated with active transport. Overall, our findings suggest that the perceived walkability of lower income neighbourhoods is worse in comparison with higher income neighbourhoods, though the association with PA and BMI is unclear.
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Kevic, Karlo, Ana Kuveždic Divjak, Krunoslav Zrno, and Marina Vilicic. "Open Data Supporting GIS-based Walkability Assessment: Case Study for City of Zagreb, Croatia." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-5-2024 (November 12, 2024): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-5-2024-23-2024.
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Abstract. The study presented in this paper aims to contribute to the broader discourse on urban planning challenges by presenting a preliminary walkability assessment for the city of Zagreb, Croatia. Using the open-source OS-WALK-EU walkability assessment tool and open government and data from OSM, we demonstrated how data-based walkability assessment can provide information to support relevant policy making. The assessment considered two walkability user perspectives, one focused on enjoying free time and other on daily obligations (e.g. commuting to work). Preliminary findings indicate that walkability index scores are higher in the city centre and decrease towards the periphery for both user perspectives. Additionally, the results indicate that despite different user perspectives give different walkability scores, these are almost uniform across Zagreb, making all the assessed districts equally attractive for both, enjoying free time and do daily obligations.
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Reisi, Marzieh, Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan, and Lu Aye. "Local walkability index: assessing built environment influence on walking." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 46, no. 46 (2019): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0031.
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AbstractWalking is a more sustainable transport mode, and governments around the world are trying to deliver highly walkable areas to their people. Due to its importance, walkability has been a research topic in recent years. Vast empirical studies have reported evidence related to the influence of built environment on walking as a major physical activity. Considering the recent literature, this study developed a framework to quantify walkability by applying a set of indicators related to built environment. The indicators were normalised, weighted and integrated into an overall walkability index. The research was conducted on Chaharbagh Street, which is a major and ancient street in the Isfahan metropolitan area, Iran. The proposed framework would be helpful in investigations of whether a specific area is an appropriate option for a car-free plan based on its built environment features. The outcome of the study could be applied to understand issues related to pedestrian infrastructure and to propose corrective actions.
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Alves, Fernando, Sara Cruz, Sophia Rother, and Tino Strunk. "An Application of the Walkability Index for Elderly Health—WIEH. The Case of the UNESCO Historic Centre of Porto, Portugal." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (2021): 4869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094869.
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This work provides a follow-up to the article Walkability Index for Elderly Health: A Proposal, published in 2020. Previous research linked the quality of public spaces, walkability characteristics relevant to older people, and the direct health benefits of walking for the same target group. The present article, on the other hand, aims to validate the conceptual design of the walkability index for elderly health (WIEH), developed by the authors in the previous study, by applying it to a study area located in the historic center of Porto, Portugal. Therefore, public spaces and the pedestrian network are analyzed according to their suitability for older people’s walkability. Presented in a visual format, the results show that only a few paths within the study area were strongly suited to older people, and emphasize the impact of existing steep slopes on the quality of the pedestrian network.
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Velázquez, Javier, Javier Infante, Inmaculada Gómez, et al. "Walkability under Climate Pressure: Application to Three UNESCO World Heritage Cities in Central Spain." Land 12, no. 5 (2023): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12050944.
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Walkability is a modern concept that has become important in recent years due to the doubtless effects it has on aspects such as health and wellbeing, sustainable development, climate change, and tourism. It is necessary, therefore, that urban development strategies aim to achieve walkable cities. The main objective of this study is to define a methodology to calculate the walkability index in tourist cities and to predict the effects of climate change on this index, which is applied to three World Heritage cities in central Spain: Salamanca, Ávila, and Segovia. The methodology is developed in three phases. Phase I focus on the calculation of walkability, considering the following factors: facilities and services, accessibility, sidewalk width, population density, green areas, and urban trees. In Phase II, walkability in 2020, climate-related variables were added to the previous result: temperatures, solar radiation, and shadows. Finally, the third phase, walkability under climate change pressure in 2030, 2050, and 2100, establish predictions for different climate scenarios. The results show excellent walkability indices (higher) in city centers and newly built neighborhoods and low values in the rest of the peripheral areas, industrial estates, and neighborhoods. Climate predictions showed a generalized decrease in walkability over time, even higher in the scenario with high greenhouse gas emissions. Likewise, the models can be an excellent tool for the tourist management of cities since they show the most walkable areas and, therefore, the most suitable for tourist routes.
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Chum, Antony, Peter Atkinson, and Patricia O’Campo. "Does time spent in the residential neighbourhood moderate the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and transport-related walking? a cross-sectional study from Toronto, Canada." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (2019): e023598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023598.
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ObjectivesStudies have investigated the influence of neighbourhood walkability on residents’ walking behaviour, aiming to increase physical activity and reduce dependence on automobiles. Previous research, however, has not considered how the amount of time spent in the residential neighbourhood may modify this relationship. Our objective was to determine how time spent in the residential neighbourhood affects the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and walking for transport.DesignUsing a cross-sectional sample of 2411 adults, we analysed the association between walkability (an index combining land-use mix, dwelling density and street connectivity) and transport-related walking (controlling for the effects of gender, age, income, self-rated health and regular access to private transport) testing for interactions by time spent in the neighbourhood.Primary outcome measureMinutes spent walking for transport per week.SettingToronto, Canada.ParticipantsParticipants were aged 25 to 65. The survey had a 72% response rate.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, the walkability index was weakly associated with walking (1 SD of walkability score is associated with 0.25 more minutes walking/week, p<0.01). Land-use mix was more strongly associated with walking than the walkability index. Time spent at the residential neighbourhood modified the relationship between land-use mix and transport-related walking in a dose-effect manner (p<0.01), those spending 5 hours on average at their residential neighbourhood have 0.2 min/day more walking for each additional land-use mix score and those spending 12 hours have 0.5 min/day more walking for each additional land-use mix score.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that walkability is associated with increased walking time, but it is modified by time spent in the neighbourhood. Our study underscores the importance of testing ‘time spent in the neighbourhood’ as a modifier of environmental exposures in studies of environmental correlates of walking.
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Nurmayadi, Dicky, and Farhan Sholahudin. "PENINGKATAN KUALITAS WALKBILITY DI RUAS JALAN H.Z. MUSTOFA KOTA TASIKMALAYA." Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE 6, no. 1 (2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/arcade.v6i1.883.
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Abstract: Walkability is an innovation concept in creating pedestrian path facilities that prioritize pedestrian comfort and minimize air pollution levels. The purpose of this study is to identify the application of the walkability concept in Tasikmalaya City, especially the H.Z. Musthofa to support the City of Tasikmalaya as a productive and sustainable city. The research uses a literature study methodology or literature review by reviewing books and journals related to walkability and other literature such as news and regulations. The results show that the application of the concept of walkability in Tasikmalaya City in realizing Tasikmalaya City as a productive and sustainable city is still very low when viewed from several global walkability index indicators. In realizing the City of Tasikmalaya as a pedestrian-friendly city, there are still some obstacles, such as the misuse of pedestrian paths as parking lots or as places or stalls for Street Vendors (PKL).Abstrak: Walkability merupakan sebuah konsep inovasi dalam menciptakan fasilitas jalur pedestrian yang mengutamakan kenyamanan pejalan kaki dan meminimalisir tingkat polusi udara.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penerapan konsep walkablility di Kota Tasikmalaya khususnya Ruas Jalan H.Z. Musthofa untuk mendukung Kota Tasikmalaya sebagai kota yang produktif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan metodologi studi kepustakaan atau literature review dengan menelaah buku dan jurnal terkait walkability serta litelature lainnya seperti berita dan regulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan konsep walkability di Kota Tasikmalaya dalam mewujudkan Kota Tasikmalaya sebagai kota yg produktif dan berkelanjutan masih sangat rendah apabila dilihat dari beberapa indikator global walkability index. Dalam mewujudkan Kota Tasikmalaya sebagai Kota yang ramah bagi pejalan kaki masih ditemui beberapa hambatan seperti halnya penyalahgunaan jalur pedestrian sebagai lahan parkir maupun dijadikan tempat atau lapak Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL).
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Caetano, Isabella Toledo, Rogério César Fermino, Renato de Oliveira Falcão, and Paulo Roberto dos Santos Amorim. "Built environment and physical activity in adolescents: Use of the kernel density estimation and the walkability index." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (2024): e0299628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299628.
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The availability of places for physical activity (PA) and the walkability of the neighborhood can impact the level of PA of adolescents. However, studies of this nature are still limited in Latin America. This study had two objectives: 1- using kernel density estimative, it investigated whether individuals living near PA places that are more intensely distributed than dispersed are more likely to be sufficiently active; 2—checked whether adolescents who live in neighborhoods with better walkability have a greater chance of being sufficiently active. Were evaluated 292 adolescents and PA was measured by accelerometry. Were measured five environmental variables for composing the walkability index. 98 PA points (places) were identified and destinations within these areas were geocoded and kernel density estimates (KDE) of places intensity were created using kernels (radius) of 400m (meters), 800, 1200 and 1600m. Using Logistic Regression, the association between the intensity of PA places (classified into quartiles Q1(smallest)—Q4(largest)) and the probability of being "Sufficient PA"; and the association between walkability (quartiles Q1(least)—Q4(highest)) and the probability of being "PA Sufficient " were estimated (p≤0.05). There were associations only for the intensities of places with the largest radius. Among adolescents who lived in places with higher intensity compared with lower intensity places: 1200m (Q3, OR 2.18 95% CI 1.12–4.22; Q4, OR 2.77 95% CI 1.41–5.43) and 1600m (Q3, OR 3.68 95%CI 1.86–7.30; Q4, OR 3.69 95%CI 1.86–7.30) were more likely to be "Sufficient PA". There were also associations for walkability, where those living in places with better walkability (Q4, OR 2.58 95% CI 1.33–5.02) had greater chances of being "Sufficient PA" compared to Q1. In conclusion, living in places with bigger densities and better walkability increases adolescent’s chances of being "Sufficient PA".
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Rizqi, Muhammad Zaidanur, and Nurhikmah Budi Hartanti. "PERCEPTION FACTORS OF PEDESTRIAN TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) DUKUH ATAS." International Journal on Livable Space 5, no. 2 (2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/livas.v5i2.7551.
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The concept of walkability is the right solution for increasing walking activities and solving various transportation problems. The function of TOD is to facilitate and accommodate public needs related to mobility which prioritizes pedestrian accessibility. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the pedestrians’ perception in the TOD Dukuh Atas area. The quantitative analysis of perceptual data measured using a Likert scale will be compared with the walkability index value based on a qualitative assessment using the Global Walkability Index (GWI) framework. The results showed that there was a difference between the value of GWI and pedestrian perceptions value. It means that the GWI is not fully compatible with the Indonesian pedestrian culture.
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Rukmana, Dicky Virgiawan, Siti Maemunah, Anisa Mahadita Candrarahayu, Reza Digambiro, Ram Agustina Manurung, and Rezha Rahandhi. "Integration Facilities for Pedestrians in Train Station Area." Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) 9, no. 3 (2023): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v9i3.1073.
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This study aims to determine the characteristics of pedestrians, the level of pedestrian service, the performance of pedestrian facilities, and the level of walkability in Bekasi train station area. This study uses several analytical techniques, described as follows: Pedestrian Analysis; Walkability Index; and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). 100 respondents based on probability sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that pedestrian infrastructure is lacking and inadequate for pedestrians in segments 1 and 2. Segments 3, 4, and 5 already have adequate infrastructure for pedestrians. Importance performance analysis shows that there are indicators that require priority treatment. The indicators are considered very important by pedestrians, however based on pedestrian analysis and the walkability index obtained low ratings.
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Lefebvre-Ropars, Gabriel, and Catherine Morency. "Walkability: Which Measure to Choose, Where to Measure It, and How?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 35 (2018): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118787095.
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The urban structure of neighborhoods has a decisive impact on active mobility, but this impact is hard to evaluate in a mode choice model because of the high collinearity between urban form variables and the uncertainty surrounding adequate spatial measurement parameters. Several composite scores, or walkability measures, have emerged from the literature, each using its own method and including different variables. No consensus has been reached on the size of the catchment area that should be used to measure walkability and most studies only measure walkability at the origin of the trip without considering other spatial units. In this paper, a series of four walkability measures: the Pedestrian Index of the Environment (PIE), the Walkability Index (WI), the Pedestrian Potential Index (PPI) and the Neighborhood Destination Accessibility Index (NDAI), are applied to the Greater Montréal Area to examine their correlation with the choice of walking for short trips. Several definitions of a neighborhood are tested for each measure, as well as several spatial units of measurement. A series of binary logistic regressions are then estimated using observed trip data from the 2013 Montreal Origin–Destination Survey to identify which measure, using which spatial parameters, offers the best performance in a mode choice modeling context. Measures using a diversity of urban form variables, the WI and the PIE, are found to offer the best performance, especially when measured at a scale smaller than a 1.6 km radius, while the spatial unit offering the best model fit varies between trip purposes.
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Kato, Haruka, and Atsushi Takizawa. "Which Residential Clusters of Walkability Affect Future Population from the Perspective of Real Estate Prices in the Osaka Metropolitan Area?" Sustainability 13, no. 23 (2021): 13413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313413.
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In Japan, where the population is declining and aging significantly, walkability has attracted attention as a way to improve residents’ lifestyles. Therefore, it is essential to identify the residential clusters where walkability improvement would contribute to the maintenance of the population in order to select urban areas for the implementation of walkable designs. This study aimed to identify the residential clusters in which walkability affects the future population from the perspective of real estate prices. The reason for focusing on real estate prices is that they are expected to be a confounding factor connecting walkability and the future population. The method we used was to analyze the structural equation modeling of the impact of walkability index, real estate prices, and future population change ratio. This analysis was based on the neighborhood association scale. This study clarified that effective residential clusters are the business center cluster and the sprawl cluster. In the business center cluster and the sprawl cluster, the price of apartments for sale is the real estate value, through which the walkability index positively impacts the future population change ratio. This means that it is expected to contribute to the maintenance of the future population through a combination of walkable designs and housing policies that encourage people to change their residence types to apartments for sale when rebuilding old building stock using the location optimization plan policy.
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Alves, Fernando, Sara Cruz, Anabela Ribeiro, Ana Bastos Silva, João Martins, and Inês Cunha. "Walkability Index for Elderly Health: A Proposal." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (2020): 7360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187360.
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Nowadays, the elderly tend to make more trips: Health benefits resulting from their daily walking routines are an important topic in the context of urban renewal processes. Many health organizations and researchers have demonstrated the influence of the urban environment on walkability levels. This article aims to design a multifactor Walkability Index for Elderly Health (WIEH), capable of associating both the adequacy level of public spaces to elderly walkability, and physical exercise benefits while walking. The methodological approach comprised two main parts: Firstly, a literature review of main reports, legislation, and scientific articles was conducted at the intersection of ‘gerontology and physical exercise’ with ‘urban design and mobility’, leading to the selection of four aging-related studies as main contributors to the design of the WIEH; and, secondly, the development of the WIEH was undertaken, based on two premises and designed according to four steps. The first premise defined three systematic areas (urban tissue, urban scene, and safety), variables, and criteria to classify the pedestrian network; and the second premise focused on slopes and stairs in public spaces. The WIEH is divided in four steps: (1) Analyzing public spaces and characterizing their quality for walking, (2) considering the existence of slopes and stairs, (3) calculating different routes for the elderly in their daily routines, or when going to points of interest, and (4) selecting the “heart-friendly route” for elderly people. Adequate walking paths for the elderly can be identified through this innovative approach, with the aim of achieving direct health benefits during their daily routines. Ultimately, the WIEH is capable of supporting decision makers and designers in creating inclusive and age-friendly spaces.
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Tinumbia, Nuryani, Nia Rachmawati, Azaria Andreas, Wita Meutia, Aulia Salsabila Putri, and Bryan Ezra Fernando. "ANALYSIS OF DETERMINING THE WALKABILITY INDEX IN EDUCATIONAL AREA." Jurnal Infrastruktur 10, no. 1 (2024): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/infrastruktur.v10i1.5776.
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The educational area like campus is one of the urban areas that generate or attract pedestrian movements. Providing pedestrian facilities in this area is crucial and needs to be noticed by relevant stakeholders. The objective of this study is to assess pedestrian facilities in the Universitas Pancasila Campus area by applying the Walkability Index methodology. Primary data consists of pedestrian facilities inventory data inventory data and walkability assessments through field surveys, pedestrian perception data through distributing questionnaires by online. It is intended that this study will give any recommendation, particularly with enhancing the neighbourhood around the campus for pedestrians. The Walkability Index results for the Universitas Pancasila campus area show that all surveyed routes are in the quite good (average index value of 54.38), this means that the provision of pedestrian facilities in this campus area is quite adequate. The campus needs to focus on three characteristics going forward: the availability of crossing facilities, facilities for the disabled, and supporting facilities, according to the parameter score that was achieved.
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Thielman, Justin, Ray Copes, Laura C. Rosella, Maria Chiu, and Heather Manson. "Is neighbourhood walkability related to body mass index among different age groups? A cross-sectional study of Canadian urban areas." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e032475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032475.
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BackgroundStudies of neighbourhood walkability and body mass index (BMI) have shown mixed results, possibly due to biases from self-reported outcomes or differential effects across age groups. Our objective was to examine relationships between walkability and objectively measured BMI in various age groups, in a nationally representative population.MethodsThe study population came from the 2007–2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative Canadian population. In our covariate-adjusted analyses, we included survey respondents aged 6–79 who were not pregnant, did not live in rural areas, were not missing data and were not thin/underweight. We used objectively measured height and weight to calculate BMI among adults aged 18–79 and zBMI among children aged 6–17. We categorised respondents into walkability quintiles based on their residential Street Smart Walk Score values. We performed linear regression to estimate differences between walkability quintiles in BMI and zBMI. We analysed adults and children overall; age subgroups 6–11, 12–17, 18–29, 30–44, 45–64 and 65–79; and sex subgroups.ResultsThe covariate-adjusted models included 9265 respondents overall. After adjustment, differences between walkability quintiles in BMI and zBMI were small and not statistically significant, except for males aged 6–17 in the second-highest walkability quintile who had significantly lower zBMIs than those in the lowest quintile.ConclusionAfter accounting for confounding factors, we did not find evidence of a relationship between walkability and BMI in children or adults overall, or in any age subgroup with sexes combined. However, post hoc analysis by sex suggested males aged 6–17 in more walkable areas may have lower zBMIs.
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Duncan, Glen E., Feiyang Sun, Ally R. Avery, et al. "Cross-Sectional Study of Location-Based Built Environments, Physical Activity, Dietary Intake, and Body Mass Index in Adult Twins." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 6 (2023): 4885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064885.
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We examined relationships between walkability and health behaviors between and within identical twin pairs, considering both home (neighborhood) walkability and each twin’s measured activity space. Continuous activity and location data (via accelerometry and GPS) were obtained in 79 pairs over 2 weeks. Walkability was estimated using Walk Score® (WS); home WS refers to neighborhood walkability, and GPS WS refers to the mean of individual WSs matched to every GPS point collected by each participant. GPS WS was assessed within (WHN) and out of the neighborhood (OHN), using 1-mile Euclidean (air1mi) and network (net1mi) buffers. Outcomes included walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) bouts, dietary energy density (DED), and BMI. Home WS was associated with WHN GPS WS (b = 0.71, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001 for air1mi; b = 0.79, SE = 0.03, p < 0.001 for net1mi), and OHN GPS WS (b = 0.18, SE = 0.04, p < 0.001 for air1mi; b = 0.22, SE = 0.04, p < 0.001 for net1mi). Quasi-causal relationships (within-twin) were observed for home and GPS WS with walking (ps < 0.01), but not MVPA, DED, or BMI. Results support previous literature that neighborhood walkability has a positive influence on walking.
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Moored, Kyle, Michael Desjardins, Vijay Varma, et al. "NEIGHBORHOOD WALKABILITY AND SOCIOECONOMIC CORRELATES OF STEP ACTIVITY FOR NON-HISPANIC BLACK OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 193. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.0623.
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Abstract Neighborhood socioeconomic resources and walkability (e.g., proximity of services/amenities) may promote health in later life by encouraging physical activity. Yet, structural racism (e.g., redlining) has caused Black Americans to disproportionately reside in more disadvantaged neighborhoods. We examined whether neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, both independently and jointly with neighborhood walkability, was cross-sectionally associated with objective step activity in non-Hispanic Black older residents of Baltimore City, MD. Participants were from the Baltimore Experience Corps Trial at baseline (n=168, mean age=67.0±5.5). Neighborhood measures included validated indices of Census tract-level walkability (e.g., transit access, street connectivity, service/commercial density) and socioeconomic disadvantage (e.g., poverty, unemployment). Individuals were further categorized into combined walkability/disadvantage groups using median splits of each index: low walkability/low disadvantage (40%), high walkability/low disadvantage (7%), high walkability/high disadvantage (46%), low walkability/high disadvantage (8%). Average daily step activity was measured using an ankle-worn monitor (mean=4.3 wear days). Linear regression was used to examine associations with step activity adjusted for age, gender, and education. Being in the highest (vs. lowest) tertile of disadvantage was associated with 1513 fewer average steps per day (95% CI: -2873,-153). While walkability was not independently associated with step activity (p&gt;.05), the high walkability/high disadvantage group had an average 1381 more steps per day (95% CI: 204,2558) compared to the low walkability/high disadvantage group. Higher neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was linked with lower physical activity for non-Hispanic Black older residents of Baltimore City. Yet, positive neighborhood attributes like walkability may buffer against socioeconomic disadvantage, potentially by providing access to services/amenities that promote activity.
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Motomura, Monica Cristina Nishikawa, Larissa Casaril da Fontoura, and Milena Kanashiro. "Understanding walkable areas: applicability and analysis of a walkability index in a Brazilian city." Ambiente Construído 18, no. 4 (2018): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212018000400313.
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Abstract Considering the growing of chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide, many studies have pointed out the role of the built environment as a support for walking. These studies are being applied in metropolitan and county regions or in specific areas of larger citiesof developed countries. Nevertheless, there is noevidences of the application of the walkability index in an entire Brazilian city. The main objective of this study is to understand walkable areas in a Brazilian medium sized city such as Cambé - PR, based on the walkability variables defined by Frank et al. (2010). The index systematizes four built environment variables: net residential density, retail floor area ratio, intersection density and land use mix. The results show that higher walkability areas are located in downtown and in three areas in the outskirts of Cambé, which were formerly designed to attend social housing projects. The transformations of land use mix and the urban layout characteristics of these areas improved the walkability level. This paper contributes to enlighten the characteristics of walkable areas and highlights a different outcome when considering a city of a developing country such as Brazil.
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Weyman, Jonathan T., Paulo J. Raposo, Reid Cannata, et al. "Urban Environments and Walkability: Definition and Calculation of a Walkability Index for Toronto, Canada." Canadian Journal of Diabetes 32, no. 4 (2008): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1499-2671(08)24090-6.
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Stutz, Petra, Dana Kaziyeva, Christoph Traun, Christian Werner, and Martin Loidl. "Walkability at Street Level: An Indicator-Based Assessment Model." Sustainability 17, no. 8 (2025): 3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083634.
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Walking is recognised as a healthy and sustainable mode of transport. Providing adequate infrastructure is pivotal for the promotion of walking and, subsequently, for achieving the benefits derived from its numerous positive effects. However, efficiently measuring the walkability at the street level remains challenging. In this paper, we present an indicator-based assessment model that can be used with open spatial data to evaluate segment-based walkability. The model incorporates eleven indicators describing the street segments and their close surroundings that are relevant for pedestrians, such as the presence and type of pedestrian infrastructure, road category, noise levels, and exposure to green and blue space. A weighted average calculation results in walkability index values for each street segment within a road network graph. The model’s generic approach and the ability to be used with open data ensure its reproducibility, adaptability, and scalability. The feasibility of the walkability model was shown using a case study for Salzburg, Austria. The model’s validity was evaluated through a large-scale study involving 660 full responses to an online survey. Participants provided ratings on the walkability of randomly selected street segments in Salzburg, which were compared with the calculated index, revealing a strong correlation (Spearman’s rank correlation = 0.82).