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Journal articles on the topic 'Water simulating'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sampson, D. A., E. M. Cook, M. J. Davidson, N. B. Grimm, and D. M. Iwaniec. "Simulating alternative sustainable water futures." Sustainability Science 15, no. 4 (2020): 1199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00820-y.

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2

Erwina, Novry, Didit Adytia, Sri Redjeki Pudjaprasetya, and Toni Nuryaman. "Staggered Conservative Scheme for 2-Dimensional Shallow Water Flows." Fluids 5, no. 3 (2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5030149.

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Simulating discontinuous phenomena such as shock waves and wave breaking during wave propagation and run-up has been a challenging task for wave modeller. This requires a robust, accurate, and efficient numerical implementation. In this paper, we propose a two-dimensional numerical model for simulating wave propagation and run-up in shallow areas. We implemented numerically the 2-dimensional Shallow Water Equations (SWE) on a staggered grid by applying the momentum conserving approximation in the advection terms. The numerical model is named MCS-2d. For simulations of wet–dry phenomena and wave run-up, a method called thin layer is used, which is essentially a calculation of the momentum deactivated in dry areas, i.e., locations where the water thickness is less than the specified threshold value. Efficiency and robustness of the scheme are demonstrated by simulations of various benchmark shallow flow tests, including those with complex bathymetry and wave run-up. The accuracy of the scheme in the calculation of the moving shoreline was validated using the analytical solutions of Thacker 1981, N-wave by Carrier et al., 2003, and solitary wave in a sloping bay by Zelt 1986. Laboratory benchmarking was performed by simulation of a solitary wave run-up on a conical island, as well as a simulation of the Monai Valley case. Here, the embedded-influxing method is used to generate an appropriate wave influx for these simulations. Simulation results were compared favorably to the analytical and experimental data. Good agreement was reached with regard to wave signals and the calculation of moving shoreline. These observations suggest that the MCS method is appropriate for simulations of varying shallow water flow.

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3

Conceição, Marco Antônio Fonseca, and Rubens Duarte Coelho. "Simulating wind effect on microsprinkler water distribution." Scientia Agricola 60, no. 2 (2003): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162003000200001.

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Wind incidence can affect microsprinkler water distribution. Evaluations of those conditions can be facilitated using simulations by computational models. The present work evaluates the performance of a ballistic model on simulating the wind effect on microsprinkler water distribution. Experimental tests were carried out using self-compensating microsprinklers, nozzle sizes 1.00 mm (gray), 1.10 mm (brown), 1.48 mm (orange), and 1.75 mm (yellow). The gray and brown nozzles used black swivels and the orange and yellow nozzles used blue swivels. The wind effect was artificially caused by fourteen 200 W fans. Computational simulations were realized using SIRIAS software, based on a ballistic model originally developed for sprinkler systems. The correlation coefficients (r) varied from 0.619 to 0.880, while the exactness coefficients (d) varied from 0.842 to 0.944. Swivels internal geometry influenced results. Tested models presented performances classified as very good for the black swivel nozzles and regular for the blue swivel nozzles.

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4

Erfani, Tohid, Olga Binions, and Julien J. Harou. "Simulating water markets with transaction costs." Water Resources Research 50, no. 6 (2014): 4726–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013wr014493.

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5

Campbell, J. C., and R. Vignjevic. "Simulating structural response to water impact." International Journal of Impact Engineering 49 (November 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.03.007.

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6

Bennett, G. F. "Water distribution systems: Simulating and sizing." Journal of Hazardous Materials 31, no. 2 (1992): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(92)85015-s.

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7

Zhang, Bo, Shao Hui Yang, Qian Ting Hao, and Chao Hui Yu. "A Temporal-Spatial Simulation and Dynamic Regulation System of Water Quality on Sudden Water Pollution Accidents." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.925.

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We develop a novel system for temporal-spatial simulation and dynamic regulation of water quality in water pollution accidents by introducing GIS to traditional one-dimensional system dynamics water quality model. We apply this system to the Songhua River water pollution accident which happened in 2005 and achieve good performance in simulating pollution zone migration and transformation in temporal and spatial dimensions.

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8

Meng, Wanwan, Yongguang Cheng, Jiayang Wu, Zhiyan Yang, Yunxian Zhu, and Shuai Shang. "GPU Acceleration of Hydraulic Transient Simulations of Large-Scale Water Supply Systems." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010091.

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Simulating hydraulic transients in ultra-long water (oil, gas) transmission or large-scale distribution systems are time-consuming, and exploring ways to improve the simulation efficiency is an essential research direction. The parallel implementation of the method of characteristics (MOC) on graphics processing unit (GPU) chips is a promising approach for accelerating the simulations, because GPU has a great parallelization ability for massive but simple computations, and the explicit and local features of MOC meet the features of GPU quite well. In this paper, we propose and verify a GPU implementation of MOC on a single chip for more efficient simulations of hydraulic transients. Details of GPU-MOC parallel strategies are introduced, and the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by simulating the benchmark single pipe water hammer problem. The transient processes of a large scale water distribution system and a long-distance water transmission system are simulated to investigate the computing capability of the proposed method. The results show that GPU-MOC method can achieve significant performance gains, and the speedup ratios are up to hundreds compared to the traditional method. This preliminary work demonstrates that GPU-MOC parallel computing has great prospects in practical applications with large computing load.

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9

Tillman, D. E., T. A. Larsen, C. Pahl-Wostl, and W. Gujer. "Simulating development strategies for water supply systems." Journal of Hydroinformatics 7, no. 1 (2005): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2005.0005.

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The objective of this paper is to point out existing risks of current design and management strategies in water supply systems and to identify possible ways of designing and operating schemes which minimize these risks. This paper is motivated by the observation that existing design principles and engineering rules (best practice) seem to cope insufficiently or even conflict with current trends of declining water demand. In order to evaluate this situation, an agent-based model comprising the current rules of best practice was developed in a participatory process. Once the model was validated with data sets from a real utility, multiple-scenario testing was used to explore different design strategies, thus allowing ideas for developing alternative management and design schemes to be generated. The simulations show that the traditional risk of insufficient supply security must be supplemented by considering the opposite risk of excessive security (over-capacity). The introduction of demand-side measures may help to calibrate existing best practice with the trends of the current operating environment. Ideas are brought forward on how to shape incentive systems for stakeholders in order to facilitate such a shift.

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10

Ben-Shalom, Ido Y., Charles Lin, Tom Kurtzman, Ross C. Walker, and Michael K. Gilson. "Simulating Water Exchange to Buried Binding Sites." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 15, no. 4 (2019): 2684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.8b01284.

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11

Mateos, L., C. A. Young, W. W. Wallender, and H. L. Carlson. "Simulating Spatially Distributed Water and Salt Balances." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 126, no. 5 (2000): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2000)126:5(288).

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12

Gerstein, Mark, and Michael Levitt. "Simulating Water and the Molecules of Life." Scientific American 279, no. 5 (1998): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1198-100.

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13

Cruz-Chu, Eduardo R., Aleksei Aksimentiev, and Klaus Schulten. "Water−Silica Force Field for Simulating Nanodevices." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110, no. 43 (2006): 21497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp063896o.

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14

Fenske, Jon P., S. A. Leake, and David E. Prudic. "Simulating Reservoir Leakage in Ground-Water Models." Ground Water 35, no. 5 (1997): 895–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00158.x.

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15

Mitchell, V. G., and C. Diaper. "Simulating the urban water and contaminant cycle." Environmental Modelling & Software 21, no. 1 (2006): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2005.03.003.

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16

Chris Lakhan, V. "Simulating the characteristics of shallow water waves." Environmental Software 2, no. 2 (1987): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-9838(87)90003-7.

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17

Lu, Shibao, Zhiduan Lian, Huaping Sun, Xiaohe Wu, Xiao Bai, and Congcong Wang. "Simulating trans-boundary watershed water resources conflict." Resources Policy 73 (October 2021): 102139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102139.

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18

Werner, M., B. Haese, X. Xu, X. Zhang, M. Butzin, and G. Lohmann. "Glacial–interglacial changes in H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 2 (2016): 647–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-647-2016.

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Abstract. In this study we present the first results of a new isotope-enabled general circulation model set-up. The model consists of the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM atmosphere–ocean model, enhanced by the JSBACH interactive land surface scheme and an explicit hydrological discharge scheme to close the global water budget. Stable water isotopes H218O and HDO have been incorporated into all relevant model components. Results of two equilibrium simulations under pre-industrial and Last Glacial Maximum conditions are analysed and compared to observational data and paleoclimate records for evaluating the model's performance in simulating spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of the Earth's water cycle. For the pre-industrial climate, many aspects of the simulation results of meteoric waters are in good to very good agreement with both observations and earlier atmosphere-only simulations. The model is capable of adequately simulating the large spread in the isotopic composition of precipitation between low and high latitudes. A comparison to available ocean data also shows a good model–data agreement; however, a strong bias of overly depleted ocean surface waters is detected for the Arctic region. Simulation results under Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions also fit to the wealth of available isotope records from polar ice cores, speleothems, as well as marine calcite data. Data–model evaluation of the isotopic composition in precipitation reveals a good match of the model results and indicates that the temporal glacial–interglacial isotope–temperature relation was substantially lower than the present spatial gradient for most mid- to high-latitudinal regions. As compared to older atmosphere-only simulations, a remarkable improvement is achieved for the modelling of the deuterium excess signal in Antarctic ice cores. Our simulation results indicate that cool sub-tropical and mid-latitudinal sea surface temperatures are key for this progress. A recently discussed revised interpretation of the deuterium excess record of Antarctic ice cores in terms of marine relative humidity changes on glacial–interglacial timescales is not supported by our model results.

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19

Werner, M., B. Haese, X. Xu, X. Zhang, M. Butzin, and G. Lohmann. "Glacial–interglacial changes of H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled Earth System Model ECHAM5/MPI-OM." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 10 (2015): 8835–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-8835-2015.

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Abstract. In this study we present first results of a new isotope-enabled general circulation model setup. The model consists of a fully coupled atmosphere–ocean model ECHAM5/MPI-OM, enhanced by the interactive land surface scheme JSBACH and an explicit hydrological discharge scheme to close the global water budget. Stable water isotopes H218O and HDO have been incorporated into all relevant model components. Results of two equilibrium simulations under pre-industrial and last glacial maximum conditions are analysed and compared to observational data and paleoclimate records for evaluating the model's performance of simulating spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of the Earth's water cycle. For the pre-industrial climate, many aspects of the simulation results of meteoric waters are in good to very good agreement with both observations and earlier atmosphere-only simulations. The model is capable of adequately simulating the large spread in the isotopic composition of precipitation between low and high latitudes. A comparison to available ocean data also shows a good model-data agreement, however a strong bias of too depleted ocean surface waters is detected for the Arctic region. Simulation results under last glacial maximum boundary conditions also fit to the wealth of available isotope records from polar ice cores, speleothems, as well as marine calcite data. Data-model evaluation of the isotopic composition in precipitation reveals a good match of the model results and indicates that the temporal glacial–interglacial isotope–temperature relation was substantially lower than the present spatial gradient for most mid- to high-latitudinal regions. As compared to older atmosphere-only simulations, a remarkable improvement is achieved for the modelling of the deuterium excess signal in Antarctic ice cores. Our simulation results indicate that cool sub-tropical and mid-latitudinal sea surface temperatures are key for this progress. A recently discussed revised interpretation of the deuterium excess record of Antarctic ice cores in terms of marine relative humidity changes on glacial–interglacial timescales is not supported by our model results.

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20

Yuan, Ji Wu, Xiang Di Zhao, and Zheng Wang. "Explosion Simulation for Petrochemical Plant with Water Spray." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 1608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1608.

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Traditional assessment techniques can't predict the explosion with effects of water spray system. A method of explosion simulation which based on FLACS software for Petrochemical plant with water spray were used for simulating the explosion risk of a coal gasification company’s plant. Simulation results indicate that the water spray system can significantly weaken the devices exploded consequences. This method can be used for fire protection system design and optimization of layout for petrochemical plants.

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21

Tsvetanova, Z. G., and D. N. Dimitrov. "Biofilms and bacteriological water quality in a domestic installation model simulating daily drinking water consumption." Water Supply 12, no. 6 (2012): 720–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.048.

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The biofilm formation potential of a drinking water supply system is related to the chemical, microbiological and hydrodynamic characteristics of water, and to the pipe materials in contact with water flow. The goals of this study were: to determine the biofilm dynamics in a model of four drinking water installations, to simulate daily household water consumption; to compare the biofilms developed on different polymer pipe materials and their influence on bacteriological water quality. The results demonstrated that bacterial density of biofilms depended on pipe material type and was influenced by water temperature. The biofilms on polyvinylchloride chlorinated and polyethylene materials had higher bacterial density than biofilms on polypropylene (PP) brands. The effect of the materials, and respectively the biofilms, on drinking water quality was stronger in the overnight stagnation periods, especially during the initial weeks of model operation, than in periods of water consumption. Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) in stagnant or in flowing waters and water temperature followed a similar curve pattern, demonstrating significant seasonal variations. In summer, the HPC values of stagnant waters were raised up to seven times higher than in winter and those of the outlet waters (during the consumption periods) were raised up to four times.

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22

Gale, P. "Simulating cryptosporidium exposures in drinking water during an outbreak." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 12 (1998): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0486.

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This paper predicts exposures to Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts through drinking water under conditions which are consistent with a waterborne outbreak. Sources of variation which contribute to the variation in oocyst exposures include the oocyst densities in the raw waters, the efficiency of oocyst removal by treatment and the daily consumption of unboiled tap water. Even under outbreak conditions the majority of consumers may not ingest any oocysts each day. Of those who are exposed, some ingest just one oocyst/d while others ingest higher doses, which in a small proportion approach the ID50 for C parvum. Ignoring this variation and using a single point average exposure predicts that a much larger proportion of the population is exposed each day but only ever to very low doses of oocysts. The impact of ignoring this variation on the predicted risks depends on the nature of the dose-response curve and, in particular, the assumptions made about the low dose extrapolation. The heterogeneity of oocyst densities in drinking water during an outbreak could contribute to the failure to detect oocysts in some waterborne outbreaks.

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23

F. H. Jaber and S. Shukla. "SIMULATING WATER DYNAMICS IN AGRICULTURAL STORMWATER IMPOUNDMENTS FOR IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY." Transactions of the ASAE 47, no. 5 (2004): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17627.

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24

Zaadnoordijk, Willem Jan. "Simulating Piecewise-Linear Surface Water and Ground Water Interactions with MODFLOW." Ground Water 47, no. 5 (2009): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00582.x.

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25

Salehian, Saman, and Reda R. Mankbadi. "Simulations of rocket launch noise suppression with water injection from impingement pad." International Journal of Aeroacoustics 19, no. 3-5 (2020): 207–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475472x20930653.

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The focus of this work is on understanding the effect of water injection from the launch pad on the noise generated during rocket’s lift-off. To simplify the problem, we consider a supersonic jet impinging on a flat plate with water injection from the impingement plate. The Volume of Fluid model is adopted in this work to simulate the two-phase flow. A Hybrid Large Eddy Simulation – Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Simulation approach is employed to model turbulence, wherein Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Simulation is used near the walls, and Large Eddy Simulation is used elsewhere in the computational domain. The numerical issues associated with simulating the noise of two-phase supersonic flow are addressed. The pressure fluctuations on the impingement plate obtained from numerical simulations agree well with the experimental data. Furthermore, the predicted effect of water injection on the far-field broadband noise is consistent with that of the experiment. The possible mechanisms for noise reduction by water injection are discussed.

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26

Wang, Xiaofang, Yi Li, Yichen Wang, and Chuncheng Liu. "Performance of HYDRUS-1D for simulating water movement in water-repellent soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 98, no. 3 (2018): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2017-0116.

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Soil water repellency affects soil water movement during infiltration significantly. The HYDRUS software has been popularly applied in soil water dynamics simulation for many years, but its performance in water-repellent (WR) soils has not been assessed thoroughly. Our objectives are to assess the performance of HYDRYUS-1D for cumulative infiltration (CI), wetting front (Zf), and volumetric soil water content (θv) during horizontal imbibition and vertical infiltration in wettable, slightly WR, and strongly WR soils. The key parameters of α and n in water retention curves were inversely estimated by RETension Curve software. The α and n were calibrated inversely until the observed data fitted the simulated values well enough. The α and n were then used for validation using three statistical parameters including relative root-mean-square error, R2, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient. The performances of calibration and validation for wettable, slightly, and strongly WR soils were good enough to be used for further simulations (RRMSE ≤20.2% for calibration and ≤21.1% for validation). Soil water movements for strongly WR soils of variable ponded depth during vertical infiltration were simulated. For Lou soil, as the ponded depth increased from 4 to 10 cm, the CI and Zf increased 2.08 and 5.5 cm, respectively. The simulations for the other three soils also showed gradually increased CI and Zf values. In conclusion, the performances of HYDRUS-1D in four different soil types with changing WR levels were good, which confirmed the application of HYDRUS-1D in WR soils.

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27

HAO, RUI, XU-MING WANG, JIE HUO, and JIN-FENG ZHANG. "SIMULATING SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ON RIVER NETWORKS." Modern Physics Letters B 22, no. 02 (2008): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984908014663.

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The simulation of the variation of the erosion or sedimentation and the sediment-carrying capability of the water on the river segments, as it changes from the lower-water season to the higher-water season, is performed by a dynamical model of the sediment transport on a river network. The model is constructed by considering that the sediment-carrying capability of the water in one segment is modulated by the undergone state of it and that of its neighbor segments. The calculated results can simulate the relative variations occuring in the natural river when the water seasons alternate.

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28

Pedersen, J. "Controlling Activated Sludge Process Using EFOR." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 3-4 (1992): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0459.

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A newly developed simulation program, based on the Activated Sludge Model No. 1, has been investigated for its controlling abilities. The program is capable of simulating most of the control types which have been applied to wastewater treatment plants. The program was tested on a nitrifying and a denitrifying treatment plant. The results showed that the model makes good simulations of the applied controls.

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29

Yu, Feng Wei, Fa Ming He, Xiao Chen Liu, and Hong Ying Sun. "A New Type of Marine Ballast Water System Simulator." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.1247.

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Operation and trouble shooting of ballast water system becomes a legal training item for marine engineers in STCW convention of IMO. Multi-mode simulating training system designed combines the actual devices with the simulating system. Ballast console mode improves the third dimension of training. Simulating software interfaces can meet the requirement of more trainees. The new configuration of the simulating system is benefit to the learning of actual devices. Convenient adjustment of the velocity of system process improves the efficiency of training. Several years of operation proved that the system is economical, reliable and the training effect is perfect.

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30

Bouchard, Dermont, Christopher Knightes, Xiaojun Chang, and Brian Avant. "Simulating Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Transport in Surface Water Systems Using the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP)." Environmental Science & Technology 51, no. 19 (2017): 11174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01477.

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31

Tafreshi, H. Vahedi, B. Pourdeyhimi, R. Holmes, and D. Shiffler. "Simulating and Characterizing Water Flows Inside Hydroentangling Orifices." Textile Research Journal 73, no. 3 (2003): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750307300310.

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32

Li, Jiusheng, and Hiroshi Kawano. "Simulating Water-Drop Movement from Noncircular Sprinkler Nozzles." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 121, no. 2 (1995): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(1995)121:2(152).

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33

Randall, Dean, Mark H. Houck, and Jeff R. Wright. "Simulating Water System Operation During Periods of Drought." Journal - American Water Works Association 78, no. 8 (1986): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1986.tb05799.x.

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34

Hunt, Randall J., Henk M. Haitjema, James T. Krohelski, and Daniel T. Feinstein. "Simulating Ground Water-Lake Interactions: Approaches and Insights." Ground Water 41, no. 2 (2003): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02586.x.

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35

Clark, Robert M., and Richard M. Males. "A Simulating Cost and Quality in Water Distribution." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 111, no. 4 (1985): 454–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1985)111:4(454).

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36

Yongli, Sun, Sun Minhua, Cheng Weidong, Ma Congxiao, and Liu Fang. "The examination of water potentials by simulating viscosity." Computational Materials Science 38, no. 4 (2007): 737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2006.05.007.

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37

Demel, Daniel, Johannes Feldmann, Thomas Schütz, and Cameron Tropea. "Simulating Rain Water Guidance for a Better View." ATZ worldwide 121, no. 12 (2019): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-019-0141-0.

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38

Li, Hai Yan, and Li Tao Yue. "Research on Method of Confirming Typical SWMM Water Quality Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5308.

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Taking a roof in Shanghai for example, through the comparison of the relationship of rainfall and SS load in a single rainfall runoff obtained by experiment and SWMM simulation, typical water SWMM model parameters (maximum buildup possible C1, buildup rate constant C2, washoff coefficient S1 and washoff exponent S2) could be obtained. With this method, other cities’ water quality parameters for SWMM simulation could be confirmed, so as to provide basis for simulating water quality by SWMM.

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39

Zuo, Qiang, Lei Meng, and Renduo Zhang. "SIMULATING SOIL WATER FLOW WITH ROOT-WATER-UPTAKE APPLYING AN INVERSE METHOD." Soil Science 169, no. 1 (2004): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ss.0000112018.97541.85.

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40

Šimůnek, J., M. Köhne, R. Kodešová, and M. Šejna. "Simulating nonequilibrium movement of water, solutes and particles using hydrus – a review of recent applications." Soil and Water Research 3, Special Issue No. 1 (2008): S42—S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1200-swr.

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Water and contaminants moving through the vadose zone are often subject to a large number of simultaneous physical and chemical nonequilibrium processes. Traditional modeling tools for describing flow and transport in soils either do not consider nonequilibrium processes at all, or consider them only separately. By contrast, a wide range of nonequilibrium flow and transport modeling approaches are currently available in the latest versions of the HYDRUS software packages. The formulations range from classical models simulating uniform flow and transport, to relatively traditional mobile-immobile water physical and two-site chemical nonequilibrium models, to more complex dual-permeability models that consider both physical and chemical nonequilibrium. In this paper we briefly review recent applications of the HYDRUS models that used these nonequilibrium features to simulate nonequilibrium water flow (water storage in immobile domains and/or preferential water flow in structured soils with macropores and other preferential flow pathways), and transport of solutes (pesticides and other organic compounds) and particles (colloids, bacteria and viruses) in the vadose zone.

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41

Ogiołda, Ewa, and Ireneusz Nowogoński. "Influence of irregularity of water consumption on water age in a water supply network." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400132.

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The article presents an analysis of an existing water supply system. Water consumption in various time frames, i.e. a year, week and 24 hours, is shown. A hydraulic model was developed and, using the EPANET programme, calculations simulating its parameters carried out, accounting particularly for water age, which reflective of the water quality supplied to the recipients. The obtained results are the basis for assessing the operation of the system.

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Zhang, Xiao Lei, and Shao Lei Guo. "Application of MIKE21 MODEL on Flood Routing in the Lower Yellow River from Gaocun to Sunkou." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.304.

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The 2-D water flow mathematical model based on MIKE 21 software which reflects flood routing in the reach from Gaocun to Sunkou has been developed in this paper. Through the numerical simulation of the “96.8” typical flood, the simulating results in the condition of present topography are agreement with the measured ones. It shows that this model is basically reasonable in the selection aspects of river terrain, boundary treatment, roughness and water flow parameters, and the model has a reference value for simulating flood routing in the Lower Yellow River.

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Jin, Jian Guo, and Zong Tao Wang. "Design of Simulating Control System on Fresh Water Generator." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 1154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.1154.

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It is important for sailors to master the control principle of fresh water generator. According to the principle of fresh water generator and by the use of programmable controller technology, a simulating control system on fresh water generator was designed to meet the need of sailors training and competence assessment. The system illustrates vacuumizing, supplying sea water, heating and condensing of the fresh water generator. It helps sailors to master the basic operation of fresh water generator.

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Lu, Qiu Qin, and Guang Qiu Huang. "Simulation of Underground Water Inrush Spreading Based on Multiple-Phase LBM." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.455.

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In order to study behaviors of underground mine water inrush spreading, the multiple-phase LBM based on finite-volume particles and point-particles applied to create the LBM-Lagrange simulating model of underground water inrush spreading with silt. The simulation result shows that the model can get the visual information of water-sand inrush speed, water-sand pressure and distribution of water-sand phase. Therefore some effective alternatives can be made to control underground mine water inrush.

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Tang, Zhi, Zheng Fang, Jiayun Sun, Tarek Beji, and Bart Merci. "Computational fluid dynamics simulations of the impact of a water spray on a fire-induced smoke layer inside a hood." Journal of Fire Sciences 36, no. 5 (2018): 380–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904118794844.

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This article presents computational fluid dynamics results of the impact of a water spray on the fire smoke layer inside a hood. The models and the settings of parameters are discussed. Three experiments are performed by means of computational fluid dynamics simulations, and the comparisons show good agreement between measured data and predicted results. The simulation results provide insight into the temperature and flow fields for the configuration at hand, revealing an entrainment effect. The influence of the water spray characteristics on the downward smoke displacement due to drag and cooling is explained. Furthermore, an extensive sensitivity study of the simulation results to input parameters and mesh size is performed. The inner spray angle (related to vertical water flux) and droplet size are shown to be key parameters when simulating downward smoke displacement caused by a spray.

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Zhao, Yong, Changjiang Ren, Jiaguo Gong, Jianhua Wang, and Haihong Li. "Application of a water infiltration model for simulating water repellency of humus soil." Hydrological Processes 34, no. 12 (2020): 2793–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13764.

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Adytia, Didit, and Sri Redjeki Pudjaprasetya. "Numerical Simulation of Wave Runup and Overtopping for Short and Long Waves Using Staggered Grid Variational Boussinesq." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 14, no. 05 (2020): 2040005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431120400059.

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In designing a numerical tool for simulating a wide variety of water waves, i.e. short to long waves, an accurate and robust wave model and numerical implementation are needed. Dispersion and nonlinearity are the two most important physical aspects that should be modeled accurately. To be applicable to simulate many coastal engineering applications, the numerical scheme should be capable of simulating wave runup and overtopping. In this paper, we extend the capability of a Boussinesq-type model called Variational Boussinesq (VB) model for simulating the runup and overtopping of water waves. To that end, the vertical layer of the fluid is modeled continuously by a linear combination of three functions. If two of these three functions have been incorporated in the previous numerical approximation called the SVB model, this paper discusses the improvement of SVB model by incorporating all the three functions. This approach improve the dispersive property of the SVB model due to its ability to simulate short waves up to kd = 20, compared to the previous model which was only up to kd = 7, where k denotes wave number and d water depth. Furthermore, the model is implemented numerically by using the staggered conservative scheme. In the new implementation, the model is switched to the non-dispersive Shallow Water Equations (SWE) when dealing with a dry area for runup and overtopping phenomena. The new implementation is tested against analytical solutions of soliton propagation and standing wave phenomenon; moreover, it is also tested against experimental data from hydrodynamic laboratories for simulating solitary wave breaking above a sloping bottom, composite beach, and in a structure for simulating overtopping phenomenon. The implementation is also tested against experimental data for simulating irregular wave propagation and runup above a fringing reef. The results of numerical simulation agree quite well with experimental data.

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Ha, Tran Thu, and Nguyen Hong Phong. "2D-model of contaminant water transmission processes and numerical simulation on a natural lake." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 32, no. 3 (2010): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/32/3/304.

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Nowadays, the water pollution problems in the lakes are urgent matters. The simulation of contaminant water transmission process plays important role in reality to improve people's life qualities. In this paper the 2D-mathematical model simulating transmission processes of some contaminant substances in one lake of Hanoi is studied. The finite volume method is used in model. The actions between substances are considered and the simulation results are compared with the measurements.

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Yi, S., K. Wischnewski, M. Langer, S. Muster, and J. Boike. "Freeze/thaw processes in complex permafrost landscapes of northern Siberia simulated using the TEM ecosystem model: impact of thermokarst ponds and lakes." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 4 (2014): 1671–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1671-2014.

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Abstract. Freeze/thaw (F/T) processes can be quite different under the various land surface types found in the complex tundra of the Arctic, such as polygonal tundra (wet center and dry rims), ponds, and thermokarst lakes. Proper simulation of these different processes is essential for accurate prediction of the release of greenhouse gases under a warming climate scenario. In this study we have incorporated the water layer into a dynamic organic soil version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (DOS-TEM), having first verified and validated the model. Results showed that (1) the DOS-TEM was very efficient and its results compared well with analytical solutions for idealized cases, and (2) despite a number of limitations and uncertainties in the modeling, the simulations compared reasonably well with in situ measurements from polygon rims, polygon centers (with and without water), and lakes on Samoylov Island, Siberia, indicating the suitability of the DOS-TEM for simulating the various F/T processes. Sensitivity tests were performed on the effects of water depth and our results indicated that both water and snow cover are very important in the simulated thermal processes, for both polygon centers and lakes. We therefore concluded that the polygon rims and polygon centers (with various maximum water depths) should be considered separately, and that the dynamics of water depth in both polygons and lakes should be taken into account when simulating thermal processes for methane emission studies.

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Fu, Hui, Shan Jun Mao, and Yun Xiu Luo. "Mine Water Irruption Flooding Spread Route Generation Algorithm Based on Directed Graph." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.1894.

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In view of roadway complex spatial relationships, the lack of visual expression in the mine water prevention and control work, this paper gives the water irruption flooding spread generation algorithm. Based on building tree topology from water inrush starting point extension and simulating of water down to spread and water level to rise, the algorithm generates flooding route and establishes water inrush 3D simulation system. It provides scientific basis for developing disaster relief route optimization and emergency rescue decision-making.

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