Relevant bibliographies by topics / Weed interference

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Weed interference'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Weed interference"

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Riffle, Michael S., Don S. Murray, Laval M. Verhalen, and David L. Weeks. "Duration and Intensity of Unicorn-Plant (Proboscidea louisianica) Interference with Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)." Weed Technology 3, no. 2 (1989): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00031869.

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The duration and intensity of unicorn-plant interference on lint yield of cotton were evaluated in the field. Random densities of 5.5 ± 1.1 unicorn-plant/m2reduced lint yield by 41 kg/ha or about 5% for each week that unicorn-plant was present. Interference by 4, 8, and 12 weeds/10 m row decreased yield by 22, 49, and 56 kg/ha, respectively, for each week of weed interference. Each 1 kg/ha of unicorn-plant dry weight reduced lint yield by 0.26 kg/ha. Linear regression of weed dry weight could be used to predict cotton lint yield changes regardless of duration or intensity of weed interference.
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Place, G. T., S. C. Reberg-Horton, D. L. Jordan, T. G. Isleib, and G. G. Wilkerson. "Influence of Virginia Market Type Genotype on Peanut Response to Weed Interference." Peanut Science 39, no. 1 (2012): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps10-12.1.

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Abstract Differences in the ability of cultivars to compete with weeds are not well-defined for peanut. Research was conducted in 2007 and 2008 to compare the growth and competitiveness of the virginia market type cultivars NC 10C, NC-V 11, NC 12C, Phillips, VA 98R, and breeding lines N99027L, N01013T, and N02020J under weedy and weed-free conditions. Weed-free peanut was established by applying preemergence and postemergence herbicides throughout the growing season supplemented by weekly hand removal of weeds. Clethodim was applied to weedy peanut to eliminate annual grass interference but not interference from broadleaf weeds and sedges. Weed-free peanut biomass, weedy peanut biomass, and weed biomass were not affected by genotype 10 weeks after peanut emergence. Although substantial yield loss was noted in presence of weeds, the percent yield loss did not vary by genotype when comparing weedy and weed-free yield. These data suggest that cultivar selection within virginia market type peanut will have limited utility in a comprehensive weed management strategy.
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Hackett, Neil M., Don S. Murray, and David L. Weeks. "Interference of Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) with Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)." Weed Science 35, no. 6 (1987): 780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500079339.

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Duration and density experiments were conducted in the field to measure horsenettle (Solanum carolinenseL. # SOLCA) interference with Spanish and runner-type peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL. ‘Pronto’ and ‘Florunner′). Spanish peanut yield generally was higher with 6 to 8 weeks of weed-free maintenance. Horsenettle interference for 6 to 8 weeks did not decrease the yield of Spanish peanuts, and interference for 6 weeks did not decrease yields of runner peanuts. Weed-free maintenance for 2 or more weeks allowed increased runner peanut yield when compared to weedy plots. Linear regression predicted a 69 kg/ha Spanish peanut yield increase for each week of weed-free maintenance. Linear regression predicted a Spanish peanut yield reduction of 40 kg/ha for each week of weed interference in 1983, the only year in which the slopes of the regressions were statistically significant Curvilinear equations with the runner-type cultivar predicted an 81 kg/ha yield increase or 96 kg/ha decrease for each week of weed-free maintenance or weed interference, respectively. In 1 of 2 yr, Spanish peanut yield was reduced by horsenettle at a density of 32 plants/10 m of row.
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A.Y, Mamudu,, and Adeyemi, M. "CRITICAL PERIOD OF WEED INTERFERENCE ON SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX (L) MERRILL)." Reviews In Food and Agriculture 3, no. 2 (2022): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/rfna.02.2022.76.79.

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Weeds are one of the important factors affecting agriculture production, weeds and inadequate weed control and management pose a detrimental factor affecting crop production. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Federal University Technology, Minna, Nigeria, to determine the effectiveness of different weeding regime and critical period of weed interference in the growth and yield of soyabean. The treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. There are ten treatments consisting of weed infested and weed-free as follows T1= soybean + weeding for 2 weeks, T2= soybean + weeding for 4 weeks, T3= soybean + weeding for 6 weeks, T4= soybean + weeding for 8 weeks, T5= soybean + weedy for 2 weeks, T6= soybean + weedy for 4 weeks ,T7= soybean + weedy for 6 weeks, T8= soybean + weedy for 8 weeks, T9= soybean + weed-free plot till end and T10= soybean + no weeding till end. Data were collected on weed cover score, weed dry weight, plant height, pod weight and grain yield. The Data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS, software version 9, 2002. The results showed that soyabean with weed-free plot for 4, 6 8 and weed-free throughout significantly P<0.05 suppressed weed and increases yield by 70 % compared to other treatments The use of early maturing variety of soybean in addition to weed-free plot throughout the growth stage and weed-free for 8 weeks could be recommended in controlling weed interference in soybean for better soybean growth and yield.
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Hackett, N. M., D. S. Murray, and D. L. Weeks. "Interference of Silverleaf Nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Spanish Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)1." Peanut Science 14, no. 1 (1987): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-14-1-10.

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Abstract Interference of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) with Pronto spanish peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) was evaluated from 1981 through 1983 in a natural occurring weed population. Treatments consisted of weed-free maintenance or weed interference for 0, 4, 8, 12 weeks and for the full season. Silverleaf nightshade stems were counted as a measure of weed regrowth in treatments maintained weed free for 0, 4, and 8 weeks. Contamination of the harvested in-shell peanuts by silverleaf nightshade berries was determined by counting the number of berries passing through the peanut combine. In-shell peanut yields were reduced by an average of 17% when silverleaf nightshade was allowed to interfere with the crop for 4 weeks. Further yield reductions of 53, 66, and 66% were observed in treatments where interference occurred for 8 and 12 weeks and for the full-season, respectively. Regression analysis conducted on yield data of individual years predicts that each week of weed-free maintenance after crop emergence results in an average of 33 to 38 kg/ha yield increase above the unweeded control. Conversely, analyses of yield data averaged over all years indicated that for each week of weed interference there would be approximately a 103 kg/ha decrease in in-shell yield compared to the weed-free control. When yield data were converted to percent of yield of weed-free controls, there was no interaction among years. Regression analysis of the converted data predicts that for each week of weed-free maintenance after crop emergence there would be a 3.7% yield increase compared to the unweeded control and that for each week of weed interference there would be a corresponding yield loss of 4.5%. Silverleaf nightshade stem counts per plot were reduced an average of 18 and 36 percent for treatments maintained weed free for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. In 1982 analysis of fruit contamination indicated a significant difference between full-season interference and weed-free maintenance for 4 or more weeks. Differences in fruit contamination between 4, 8, and 12 weeks of weed-free maintenance were not significant. In the second year no differences in fruit contamination were observed between the weedy check and the other treatments; however, fruit production after 4 weeks of weed-free maintenance was significantly higher than after 8 and 12 weeks of weed-free maintenance. Peanut quality, disregarding contamination by silverleaf nightshade berries, was not affected by weed interference.
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Carey, J. Boyd, and James J. Kells. "Timing of Total Postemergence Herbicide Applications to Maximize Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays)Yield." Weed Technology 9, no. 2 (1995): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00023472.

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Grass and broadleaf herbicides are available for effective, single-application total postemergence weed control in corn. Field experiments were conducted in 1992 and 1993 on sites with dense natural weed infestations to determine the effects of weed interference prior to herbicide application on corn yield. Nicosulfuron plus bromoxynil was applied at 5-, 10-, 15-, or 20-cm weed canopy heights in plots with or without weed interference. Crop injury was more severe when herbicides were applied to smaller corn. Herbicide applications made to 5-, 10-, or 15-cm tall weeds provided nearly complete weed control. Weed interference did not reduce corn height or grain yield when postemergence applications were made to weeds 10 cm or less in height. Weed interference reduced corn height and grain yield in 1992 when applications were made to 15-cm tall weeds even though weed control was nearly complete. Weed control was incomplete and corn height and grain yield were reduced when applications were delayed until weeds were 20 cm tall.
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Takim, F. "Weed competition in maize (Zea mays L.) as a function of the timing of hand-hoeing weed control in the southern Guinea savanna zone of Nigeria." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 60, no. 3 (2012): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.60.2012.3.8.

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Field studies were conducted in 2010 and 2011 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria (9°29′ N, 4°35′ E) to evaluate the effect of early weed competition on the growth and yield of maize. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement and three replications. The main plots consisted of three weed control treatments included weedy (no herbicide), grass weeds (pre-emergence atrazine) and broadleaf weeds (pre-emergence metolachlor), while the sub-plots consisted of six durations of weed infestation (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks after emergence). The pre-emergence herbicides had a greater effect on weed density and weed dry weight. Weed seedling emergence and weed dry weight increased significantly with an increase in the duration of weed interference. The grasses and broadleaf weeds had a similar influence on the growth and grain yield of maize. Three to five weeks of weed interference gave similar grain yields, which were significantly higher than those obtained in plots that had 6-8 weeks of weed interference. These results suggest that the maize crop must be kept free of weeds for 6-8 weeks after the application of pre-emergence herbicide to minimize weed-crop competition and harvest a good grain yield.
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MARQUES, LUIZ JUNIOR PEREIRA, SILVANO BIANCO, ARTHUR BERNARDES CECÍLIO FILHO, MATHEUS SARAIVA BIANCO, and GISLANE DA SILVA LOPES. "WEED INTERFERENCE IN EGGPLANT CROPS." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 4 (2017): 866–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n406rc.

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ABSTRACT Uncontrolled weed growth interferes with the growth eggplants and crop yields. To control weeds, the main weed species must be identified in crop growing areas and during weed control periods, as weed species might vary in relation to management practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the main weed species and determine the periods of weed interference in the eggplant cultivar Nápoli when grown under certain cultural practices, including plant staking and sprout thinning. The experiment was carried out in 2014 using a randomized complete block design, with 3 replications. The treatments consisted of 11 periods of (1) increasing weed control and (2) increasing coexistence of eggplant with weeds from the first day of transplanting (0-14, 0-28, 0-42, 0-56, 0-70, 0-84, 0-98, 0-112, 0-126, 0-140, and up do day 154). Eggplant staking and sprout thinning were performed 42 days after transplanting (DAT). Weed identification and crop yield assessments were performed to determine the Period Before Interference (PBI), Total Period of Interference Prevention (TPIP), and the Critical Period of Interference Prevention (CPIP). The major weeds found in the eggplant cultivar Nápoli were Eleusine indica, Portulaca oleracea, and Cyperus rotundus. Coexistence between the weed community and the eggplant throughout the entire crop production cycle reduced eggplant fruit yield by 78%. The PBI was 29 DAT and the TPIP was 48 DAT, resulting in 19 days of CPIP.
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Acker, Rene C. Van, Stephan F. Weise, and Clarence J. Swanton. "Influence of interference from a mixed weed species stand on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) growth." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (1993): 1293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-168.

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Field experiments were conducted to examine soybean-weed interactions under Ontario conditions. Trials were conducted at Elora, Ontario in 1990 and 1991 using comparative growth analysis to investigate the aboveground response of soybean to weed interference from a mixed weed species stand. Although season-long weed interference caused a significant decrease in soybean grain yield, weeds could remain in the crop up to 40 d after emergence, between R1 and beginning pod development stage (R3), in 1990 and up to 16 d after emergence, 3rd node development stage (V3), in 1991 without causing more than a 5% yield loss. These critical times of weed removal coincided with the timing of significant effects of weed interference on soybean LAI. Weed interference also significantly reduced total aboveground soybean dry weight and crop growth rate. Pods m−2 was the yield component most affected by season-long weed interference. Although there was no consistent effect of weed interference upon net assimilation rate and leaf weight ratio, weed interference resulted in a decrease in dry weight distribution to branch stems, causing as much as a fivefold reduction in allocation to branch stems. It may be useful to develop early branching soybean varieties, or use narrower row spacing, to enhance soybean competitiveness against weeds. Key words: Soybean (Glycine max), weed interference, growth analysis, leaf area, yield components
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Rogers, Joy B., Don S. Murray, Laval M. Verhalen, and P. L. Claypool. "Ivyleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) Interference with Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)." Weed Technology 10, no. 1 (1996): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045796.

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Full-season interference and critical duration of early-season ivyleaf morningglory interference with cotton were measured in experiments at two Oklahoma locations. Densities ranging from 0 to 64 weeds/10 m of row were evaluated for their effects on cotton lint yield, fiber quality, and harvest efficiency. Analyses using linear-linear regression proved superior to linear, curvilinear, and linear-plateau models. Lint yield reductions of 36.9 kg/ha (or 5.9%) were recorded at Perkins for each weed/10 m up to 8.7. At densities greater than 8.7/10 m, yield was reduced an additional 3.0 kg/ha (0.5%) for each additional weed. At Chickasha, lint yield was reduced 29.7 kg/ha (or 3.9%) for each weed/10 m up to 9.0 with an additional lint loss of 3.6 kg/ha (0.7%) for each weed above the density of 9.0/10 m. Yield losses were over 80% before fiber length was also reduced. Mechanical harvest was not possible at densities above 8 weeds/10 m at Chickasha and above 16 weeds/10 m at Perkins. In critical duration experiments conducted at Perkins, lint yield was reduced 52.9 kg/ha (or 11.2%) for each week weed removal was delayed up to 9.5 wk. An additional 1.0 kg/ha (0.2%) was lost for each week of interference after 9.5 wk. At Chickasha, lint yield was reduced 49.0 kg/ha (or 7.8%) for each week of interference up to 11.0 wk with an additional loss of 1.2 kg/ha (0.2%) for each week thereafter.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weed interference"

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Bitterlich, Iris. "Weed interference and weed control in cole crops and onion." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28920.

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Additive weed competition experiments were undertaken to study the effect of lamb's-quarters (Chenopodium album) interference on direct seeded broccoli. Lamb's-quarters (3, 8, 10, 12, and 15 plants m⁻²) began to affect broccoli growth 28 to 36 days after seeding. Decreases in crop growth increased with weed density as time after seeding increased. Yield data were fitted to a rectangular hyperbolic model which indicated that even one lamb's-quarters plant m⁻² could reduce total yield by 18 to 20 percent and marketable yield (head >10 cm across) by 22 to 37 percent. Lamb's-quarters reduced total yield by reducing average head weight and not by lowering the number of heads per plot. On the other hand, the weed reduced marketable yield by reducing both the average head weight and the number of heads per plot. The feasibility of using liquid ammonium nitrate as a post-emergent weed control spray in cole crops was studied. The relative susceptibility of different weed species grown by themselves (1989) and with two crops (broccoli and onion; 1987) to ammonium nitrate (800 L ha⁻¹; 0, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 percent N) burning was investigated. The fertilizer controlled shepherd's-purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), chickweed (Stellaria media), cudweed {Gnaphalium uliginosum), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), but not lamb's-quarters, purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and annual bluegrass (Poa annua). Corn spurry (Spergula arvensis) varied in its tolerance. Although weed populations were reduced by 70 percent in 1987, the remaining weeds competed so strongly with the onion and broccoli that the crop plants did not reach a harvestable size. The large initial weed population (799 plants m⁻²), the large number of tolerant weeds present, and the possible recovery of some of the susceptible weeds may all have been factors responsible for crop failure. The effect of different shepherd's-purse densities (52 to 988 plants m⁻²) on the degree of ammonium nitrate (800 L ha⁻¹; 20 percent N) control in broccoli was also studied. The initial weed control achieved was reduced over time either because some weeds counted as dead had recovered or new plants were being recruited to the population through seed germination. Although the maximum density of shepherd's-purse plants that survived was 219 plants m⁻², these plants did not significantly reduce crop yield possibly because shepherd's-purse is not a very competitive species and all the surviving weeds had been damaged to varying degrees, further reducing their competitive ability. The relative susceptibility of various crop cultivars to ammonium nitrate (800 L ha⁻¹; 0, 10, 15, 20 percent N) burning was also studied. In 1987, the growth rates of 'Lunet' (Brussels sprouts), ‘SGI' (broccoli), 'Elgon' (cauliflower), and 'Matra' (cauliflower) initially decreased but the plants recovered; they were largely unaffected in 1988. The growth rates of 'White Lisbon' (onion), 'Emperor' (broccoli), and 'Early Marvel' (cabbage) were largely unaffected in either year. Although some cultivars had shown initial signs of lower growth rates, there was no decrease in crop yield. Leaf surfaces of tolerant and susceptible crop and weed species were examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine the basis of ammonium nitrate selectivity. Leaf surfaces of tolerant species were completely covered with a crystalline wax layer, while susceptible species had little or no epicuticular wax. Cellulose acetate was used to remove the epicuticular wax from cabbage leaves. The stripped leaves showed far greater ammonium nitrate retention and salt injury than unstripped leaves, demonstrating the importance of the epicuticular wax in providing protection against ammonium nitrate injury. Trichomes, observed on the leaf surfaces of some susceptible species, may further increase ammonium nitrate retention and, therefore, salt injury.<br>Land and Food Systems, Faculty of<br>Graduate
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Tungate, Kimberly Denise. "Environmental factors influencing weed interference in agricultural systems." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07072004-001526/.

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In all agricultural systems using few or no herbicides, cultural and mechanical techniques are crucial to economic viability. Further advances in non-chemical weed control will require in-depth knowledge of weed biology. The objective of new strategies likely will be to alter competitive interactions between crop and weed species. An important part of weed biology, and often the basis for competitiveness, is species response to the environment. Environmental conditions differ greatly in different parts of the world. In agricultural systems, the low nitrogen status of some soils requires most crops to be amended. Weed populations can experience a wide range of fertilization regimes from year to year due to different crop rotations. Fertilization patterns in a rotation can lead to differential growth and reproductive performance of weeds and competitiveness with crops. In research described in the first two chapters, we attempt to determine the extent that lowering parental nutrition would impact weed growth, reproduction, and offspring vigor. The purpose was to begin evaluating benefits of controlling nitrogen fertility in agronomic systems on low fertility soils. Another environmental factor that could influence weed competitiveness is temperature. The significance of temperature responses will become increasingly important in the future. Global climate change models are predicting increases in the earth?s average surface temperature between 1.4- 5.8 ºC during the 21st century. As temperatures increase it is conceivable that warmer temperatures will alter competitive balance between crop and weed species, intensifying weed pressures. The expression of temperature response also will be a function of other interacting factors such as the ability to acquire water and nutrients. Resource acquisition is controlled to a large extent by root growth and interactions with soil microorganisms. The third chapter of this thesis is focused on temperature responses of selected plant species from an agroecological system. The purpose was to begin assessment of possible climate change effects on weed competitiveness. All of our experiments made extensive use of the weed Senna obtusifolia due to its importance in crops in the Southeastern U.S.
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Shaffer, Gared Eric. "Critical duration of grass weed interference in grain sorghum." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32615.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Agronomy<br>J.A. Dille<br>The availability of ALS-inhibitor herbicide-resistant grain sorghum hybrids will provide an opportunity to control grass weeds post-emergence with the ALS-inhibiting herbicide nicosulfuron (Zest[superscript]TM). More information on impact of grass weeds on sorghum yield are needed to optimize the application of nicosulfuron. The research objectives were to evaluate the impact of time of grass weed removal on grain sorghum yield when grown in different crop row spacing and seeding rates and to determine the critical duration of grass weed competition. Field studies were conducted in 2014 and 2015 at the KSU Agricultural Research Center at Hays, KS and the KSU Department of Agronomy Research Farm near Manhattan, KS. Four main treatments were grain sorghum row spacing of 25 and 76 cm at Hays or 20 and 76 cm at Manhattan, and two seeding rates of 125,000 and 150,000 seed ha⁻¹. Within each main plot, seven treatments were established including: weed-free all season using pre-emergence herbicides, weed-free all season by hand, weedy for 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks after crop emergence in 2014 or weedy for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after crop emergence in 2015, and weedy all season. The main grass weeds were giant, green, and yellow foxtail species, large crabgrass, and barnyardgrass. Grass weed biomass increased through the season at both locations in 2014 and in Manhattan in 2015. Hays 2014 grain sorghum aboveground stem and leaf biomass across row spacing and seeding rates decreased as weed removal time was delayed through the growing season. Grain sorghum yield decreased with increasing duration of grass weed competition in both years in Manhattan and in 2014 at Hays. Yield loss reached 5% at 2.3 to 25 weeks after sorghum emergence in narrow row spacing and 3.3 to 6.3 weeks after sorghum emergence in wide row spacing, depending on location, demonstrating that removing grass weed competition during these time frames will prevent more than 5% loss in grain sorghum yields.
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Steele, Gregory Lee. "Interference and control of sharppod morningglory (Ipomoea cordatotriloba dennstedt) in glyphosate-resistant cotton." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3292.

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Sharppod morningglory is a perennial vine commonly found infesting croplands in Texas and the southeastern United States. Previous research regarding morningglory competition and control primarily focused on annual Ipomoea. Interference, control, and herbicide translocation of sharppod morningglory could differ from that of other morningglories because of differences in growth and resource allocation. Therefore, field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 2001 to 2004 to: 1) determine the effects of seed-propagated and root-sprouted sharppod morningglory on cotton economic value, yield, harvest efficiency, and fiber quality; 2) evaluate sharppod morningglory control with cotton herbicides, and determine the effect of diuron rates on glyphosate absorption and translocation; and 3) assess the impact of cotton herbicide program and cotton-corn rotation on weed species composition over three years. A relatively large proportion of sharppod morningglory biomass was accumulated belowground during the first 8 wk of growth in the greenhouse. Consequently, up to 6 plants 10-m row-1 did not significantly reduce cotton lint yield. Sharppod morningglory density impacted color grade more than any other classification parameter. Through combined effects on yield and quality, cotton lint value was reduced by approximately 85% in the presence of 8 sharppod morningglory 10 m-1. Glyphosate alone did not completely control sharppod morningglory. The use of glufosinate, bromoxynil, or a combination of glyphosate plus diuron provided acceptable control. Sharppod morningglory absorbed up to 75% of glyphosate when applied alone, but most glyphosate was retained in treated leaves and did not translocate well. Diuron decreased absorption, increased leaf retention, and inhibited glyphosate translocation to roots. Rotation to corn and the use of preemergence herbicides in cotton improved control of grass and broadleaf weeds during the year of treatment. In the season following the 3-yr rotation, there were no lasting effects of crop rotation on density or control of grasses and broadleaves. However, hand-hoed and herbicide treated plots resulted in weed densities 2- to 3-fold lower than the untreated. Preemergence herbicides and/or crop rotation can reduce weed density and improve weed control, but these strategies must be employed long-term to reduce density of problematic weeds through depletion of the soil seedbank.
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Seeruttun, Sumantlall. "Weed management in sugar cane : critical periods of weed competition and mechanisms of interference from Paspalum paniculatum and P. urvillei." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25405.

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The aim of this project was to provide sound scientific underpinning for the development of new weed management strategies in sugar cane by exploring competition from the major weeds, and explaining the different mechanisms of weed interference from Paspalum paniculatum and P. urvillei. Critical periods of weed control (CPWC) were studied in six field trials. In ratoon cane, CPWC with natural weed infestations started between 228 and 916 growing degree days (GDD), and ended between 648 and 1311 GDD, depending on the site and cane variety. These results represented a maximum CPWC of 12 to 28 weeks after harvest (WAH). In plant cane, the CPWC started earlier (6 WAP) and was longer than those in ratoon cane. Relative competitiveness ‘q’ values of eight common weed species showed that sugar cane was a stronger competitor than most of the weeds tested. The adverse effect of weed competition in sugar cane is not experienced before several weeks following weed emergence. Weeds transplanted 10 WAP caused no significant change in cane yield response as compared to those transplanted 4 WAP. Paspalum paniculatum was often found to be more competitive than P. urvillei, although the latter produced more leaf area and grew taller to intercept more light within the canopy. This indicated that other mechanisms of weed interference were involved and competition for light was more important during the earlier (tillering) growth stages. Root competition was shown to be as important as shoot competition. Root competition effects were observed several weeks after imposing competition, suggesting that it was more important than competition for light in the post-tillering phase. Application of root exudates from the two grasses to sugar cane confirmed an allelopathic effect on the root biomass of sugar cane. One chemical identified in the leachates from both Paspalum species for the allelopathic effects was 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl). The main implications of the above findings for the Mauritian sugar industry would involve a change in the timing of application of herbicides. A new tank-mix consisting of trifloxysulfuron + ametryn and amicarbazone has been found to meet this objective. This strategy will enable a saving of at least one herbicide treatment per season.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.<br>Plant Production and Soil Science<br>unrestricted
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Seeruttun, Sumantlall. "Weed management in sugar cares critical periods of weed competition and mechanisms of interference from Paspalum paniculatum and P. urvillei /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06102009-161410/.

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Virtue, John Garry. "Weed interference in the annual regrowth cycle of plantation tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27629.

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Tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia, is an evergreen tree, native to freshwater swamp and creek margins on the mid-eastem coast of Australia. The leaf essential oil has antimicrobial properties, and is used commercially in various health care products, toiletries and cosmetics. Plantation production has been centred on the north coast of New South Wales. Tea trees are planted as seedlings and shoots are first harvested to near-ground level at 12-24 months after planting. Tea tree oil is obtained from the shoot material by steam distillation Tea tree readily coppices, and shoot regrowth from out stumps is harvested on an annual basis. Weed control in tea tree plantations was considered an agronomic research priority. A research project was conducted that investigated the effects, mechanisms and management of weed interference in the annual regrowth cycle of plantation tea tree. Industry practices at the commencement of the project were recorded in a survey of managers of 28 tea tree plantations in 1992. Managers were interviewed regarding their general plantation management and specific weed control activities. There was much diversity between plantations, particularly in relation to plantation area, planting layout and tree spacings. Weed control methods used included herbicides, mechanical cultivation, hand-hoeing, mowing, grazing, green manure crops, mulches, cover crops and burning. Climatic and soil conditions of plantations were favourable for growth of herbaceous weeds. The majority of plantation managers considered weeds to be a major limit to tea tree oil production, and half were satisfied with their current weed control techniques (for plantations of > 10 ha). Herbicides and cultivation were the most widely used weed control methods. Grazing was rated poorly in terms of weed control, and mowing and hand-hoeing were rated poorly in terms of cost-effectiveness.
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Nambili, Julia Nghituvali. "The interference potential of nine selected South African spring wheat cultivars with selected weed species." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1631.

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Refsell, Dawn E. "Integrated weed management in Kansas winter wheat." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15742.

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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Agronomy<br>J. Anita Dille<br>Integrated weed management (IWM) is an ecological approach to weed control that reduces dependence on herbicides through understanding of weed biology and involves using multiple weed control measures including cultural, chemical, mechanical and biological methods. The critical period of weed control is the duration of the crop life cycle in which it must be kept weed-free to prevent yield loss from weed interference. Eight experiments were conducted throughout Kansas between October 2010 and June 2012 to identify this period in winter wheat grown under dryland and irrigated conditions. Impact of henbit and downy brome density on winter wheat yields were evaluated on four farmer’s fields with natural populations and on a research station with overseeded populations. Henbit density up to 156 plants m-2 did not affect winter wheat yield, while downy brome at a density of 40 plants m-2 reduced yield by 33 and 13% in 2011 and 2012, respectively. In the presence of downy brome, winter wheat should be kept weed-free approximately 30 to 45 days after planting to prevent yield loss; otherwise, weeds need to be removed immediately following release from winter dormancy to prevent yield loss due to existing weed populations. Flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone are herbicides registered for use in winter wheat, soybean and corn for control of broadleaf and grass weeds. Flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone were evaluated for plant response to localized herbicide exposure to roots, shoots, or both roots and shoots utilizing a novel technique. Two weed species, ivyleaf morningglory and shattercane, as well as two crops, wheat and soybean, were evaluated for injury after localized exposures. The location and expression of symptoms from the flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone herbicides were determined to be the shoot of seedling plants. The utilization of preemergence herbicides in winter wheat is not a common practice, although application may protect winter wheat from early season yield losses as determined by the critical weed-free period. Kansas wheat growers should evaluate the presence and density of weed species to determine which weed management strategy is most advantageous to preserving winter wheat yield.
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Van, Acker Rene C. "Multiple-weed species interference in broadleaved crops : evaluation of yield loss prediction and competition models." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308562.

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Books on the topic "Weed interference"

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Snipes, Charles E. Interference and postemergence control of hemp sesbania in cotton. Dept. of Information Services, Division of Agriculture, Forestry, and Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, 1991.

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C, Bridges D., Tillman P. G, and Weed Loss Bibliography Committee., eds. Bibliography and cross-reference of weed-crop interference and crop losses due to weeds: Special report of the Weed Loss Bibliography Committee. Weed Science Society of America, 1987.

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Diop, Amadou Makhtar. An evaluation of weed interference in rice grown on hydromorphic soils in West Africa. 1988.

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Gleichsner, Jean Ann. Biology of Bromus rigidus: Interference in winter wheat, seed longevity in the soil, and vernalization requirements for flowering. 1988.

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Stephens, Randall H. A growth analysis and interference study between mayweed chamomile (Anthemis cotula L.) and peas (Pisum sativum L.). 1989.

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Sheley, Roger Leslie. Life-history, growth and interference of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). 1993.

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Sheley, Roger Leslie. Life-history, growth and interference of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.). 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Weed interference"

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Singh, Manpreet, Simerjeet Kaur, and Bhagirath S. Chauhan. "Weed Interference Models." In Decision Support Systems for Weed Management. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44402-0_6.

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Pitelli, Robinson Antonio. "Weed-Soybean Interference Studies in Brazil." In Pest Management in Soybean. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2870-4_28.

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Wax, L. M., and E. W. Stoller. "Aspects of Weed–Crop Interference Related to Weed Control Practices." In World Soybean Research Conference III: Proceedings. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429267932-182.

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Wang, Lijiao, Yanping Liao, and Xiaoming Luan. "Research on UAV Swarm Interference Based on Improved Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22968-9_4.

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Kazinczi, Gabriella, Imre Béres, and Joseph Horvath. "Weed-crop Interferences in Hungary." In Allelopathy. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367813673-13.

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Aldrich, Richard J. "Interference Between Crops and Weeds." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0330.ch028.

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Samuel Daramola, Olumide. "Weed Interference and Management in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)." In Cucumber Economic Values and Its Cultivation and Breeding. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99564.

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Weed interference is a major problem in cucumber farming, leading to 45–95% yield reduction. Weed control practices employed to avoid such losses are predominantly hand weeding and herbicides application. All the weed control methods used in cucumber farming have their own limitations. Hand weeding is tedious, time consuming and associated with high labor demands. Only few herbicides are registered for weed control in cucumber, and these herbicides does not provide season-long weed control when used alone, neither can they control the entire weed spectrum with diverse physiology, morphology and time of emergence. Therefore, to optimize yield, financial and environmental costs and benefits, integrated weed management approaches are advocated. A good tillage operation, use of competitive cultivars, appropriate plant population and row spacing, application of pre and post emergence herbicides are important in reducing weed density. The combination of these approaches provides effective weed control, and helps in environmental conservation. The world is now moving toward precision weed management techniques which involve remote sensing, modelling and use of robotics to control weeds. These technologies are the future of weed management in crop production and have a substantial role to play in modern cucumber production. Right selection of one or more of these techniques with reference to environmental, socioeconomic, and geographic conditions will provide effective weed control in cucumber. Future research should therefore be focused on delivering information for the implementation of these approaches.
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Bagale, Suman. "Modes of Herbicide Action." In New Insights in Herbicide Science [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105356.

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Weed Management is one of the most important crop intervention practice to counter crop loss. Different physical, mechanical, biological, and chemical methods are employed for the successful management of weeds. Among these chemical weed management practices focus on managing weeds using several chemical formulations which are commonly known as herbicides. Herbicides control the weed species through interference, mitigation, and disruption of the biochemical and physical processes of a cell. When herbicides are applied to a plant, it gets absorbed through plant surfaces and gets translocated to the specific site of action where it produces toxicity in the physiological and biochemical processes and ultimately check the growth and development of plant species. The sequential process from the introduction of herbicides to till it kills a plant is known as herbicides modes of action. The herbicides modes of action can be studied on nine different headings where the chemical group present in each herbicide acts on specific sites and interferes with the normal functioning of such sites ultimately checking the growth and development of a plant. This chapter is aimed at decoding the specific herbicide action in relation to its chemical family, translocation, action mechanism, and injury produced in the weed species.
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Ratnayaka, H. Harish, William T. Molin, and Tracy M. Sterling. "Understanding the Mechanisms of Weed Interference with Crops through Photosynthetic and Antioxidative Physiology." In Recent Progress in Plant and Soil Research Vol. 3. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rppsr/v3/1843c.

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Sheldon, Sallie P. "Ecological Approaches for Biological Control of the Aquatic Weed Eurasian Watermilfoil: Resource and Interference Competition, Exotic and Endemic Herbivores and Pathogens." In Ecological Interactions and Biological Control. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429041686-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Weed interference"

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Mazzella, Joseph, Thomas Hayden, Haralampos Tsaprailis, and Len Krissa. "Estimating Wall Loss Risk Distributions Using Machine Learning and Geospatial Analytics." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14640.

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Abstract Estimating corrosion growth rates for underground pipelines is a challenging problem. There are confounding variables with complex interaction effects that may result in unexpected outcomes. For instance, the relationship between soil conditions and AC interference is highly non-linear and challenging to model. This work expands upon prior work using a suite of machine learning tools to estimate corrosion rates. However, instead of estimating a single corrosion growth rate for a single girth weld address (GWA), this work estimates a distribution of potential corrosion growth rates. Modeling distributions provide a more effective risk-measurement framework, especially concerning high volatility or areas of severe tail risk. This work relies heavily on machine learning and geospatial tools - particularly artificial neural networks and gradient boosted trees to estimate the corrosion rates and non-linear processes. Building upon prior work using data from a North American Operator, the models in this paper use additional variables from recent research in AC interference and microbiologically influenced corrosion to construct a higher accuracy and distribution-based model of pipeline corrosion risk.
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Sawada, Kota, Yasushi Taniuchi, Takehiro Nojima, et al. "Nondestructive Detection of Creep Damage in ASME Grade 91 Steel Welds." In AM-EPRI 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2024p0960.

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Abstract This study evaluates various nondestructive testing methods for detecting creep damage and assessing residual life in Grade 91 steel welds. Three primary detection techniques were investigated: phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT), eddy current testing with high-temperature superconductor direct current and superconducting quantum interference device (ECT•HTS-dc-SQUID), and replica observation. PAUT detected creep damage between 60-80% of creep life, while ECT•HTS-dc-SQUID showed detection capability between 80-90% of creep life. Replica observation revealed creep voids only in the final stages before rupture. Additionally, three strain measurement methods were evaluated: capacitive strain sensors (providing continuous monitoring during creep exposure), laser displacement meters (used during test interruptions), and SPICA strain measurement. Both capacitive sensors and laser meters produced results comparable to conventional extensometer measurements. The SPICA method proved particularly effective in measuring heat-affected zone (HAZ) strain after creep exposure, revealing higher strain values in the HAZ compared to base and weld metal, with a consistent increase during creep exposure.
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Eden, D. A., and B. Breene. "On-Line Electrochemical Corrosion Monitoring in Fireside Applications." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03361.

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Abstract Electrochemical corrosion monitoring has been used to evaluate fireside corrosion of coal fired boilers materials under low NOX operations. The reducing environments which are prevalent under these firing conditions can lead to the deposition/formation of non-protective iron sulfide films on the boiler tubes, resulting in excessive corrosion attack. In order to mitigate the boiler tube corrosion problems, it is common practice to weld overlay the boiler tubes with alloy C276. Corrosion of typical boiler tube material and C276 has been monitored electrochemically using a combination of Linear Polarisation Resistance (LPR), Harmonic Distortion Analysis (HDA), Electrochemical Current Noise (ECN), and Solution Resistance (Rs) measurements. The electrochemical corrosion monitoring instrumentation used in this work has been designed to operate under extreme conditions, with embedded algorithms to minimise the effects of electrical interference and provide simplified data analysis. Corrosion measurements for the field trials were updated at five minute intervals to provide a continuous record of the changes in corrosion behaviour. Electrochemical probes, using a two electrode configuration, have been designed specifically for this application where access is restricted. The probes are designed to be inserted into the webbing between the boiler tubes, where they will experience similar temperatures and heat flux as the boiler tubes. Results of both laboratory tests, and field trials in an operating boiler are presented.
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Ho-Lung Hung, Chien-Chi Chao, Chia-Hsin Cheng, and Yung-Fa Huang. "Invasive weed optimization method based blind multiuser detection for MC-CDMA interference suppression over multipath fading channel." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2010.5641667.

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Odero, Dennis C., Abdelouhab Mesbah, and Stephen D. Miller. "Interference of broadleaf weeds in sugarbeets." In American Society of Sugar Beet Technologist. ASSBT, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2007.12.

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Guo, Hong, and Rui Guo. "Manipulation of photon-atom momentum entanglement." In Workshop on Entanglement and Quantum Decoherence. Optica Publishing Group, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/weqd.2008.aps1.

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We propose some schemes to coherently enhance atom-photon momentum entanglement with either resonant photon scattering or spontaneously induced quantum interference. A novel feature called “phase entanglement” is reported, for which the traditional R-ratio-based entanglement detection becomes inadequate due to the quantum interference.
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Averyanova, Yuliya, Oleksandr Kutsenko, and Valeriy Konin. "Interference Suppression at Cooperative Use of GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, BEIDOU." In 2020 IEEE Ukrainian Microwave Week (UkrMW). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ukrmw49653.2020.9252766.

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Krajewska, Malgorzata, Yvette Bisselink, and Marcel A. van Vugt. "Abstract 2970: Interference with DNA repair through inhibition of Wee1." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-2970.

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Cinson, Anthony D., Susan L. Crawford, Paul J. MacFarlan, Royce A. Mathews, Brady D. Hanson, and Aaron A. Diaz. "Ultrasonic Phased Array Evaluation of Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) Nozzle Interference Fit and Weld Region." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57977.

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Ultrasonic phased array data were collected on a removed-from-service CRDM nozzle specimen to assess a previously reported leak path. First a mock-up CRDM specimen was evaluated that contained two 0.076-mm (3.0-mil) interference fit regions formed from an actual Inconel CRDM tube and two 152.4-mm (6.0-in.) thick carbon steel blocks [1,2]. One interference fit region has a series of precision crafted electric discharge machining (EDM) notches at various lengths, widths, depths, and spatial separations for establishing probe sensitivity, resolution and calibration. The other interference fit has zones of boric acid (crystal form) spaced periodically between the tube and block to represent an actively leaking CRDM nozzle assembly in the field. Ultrasonic phased-array evaluations were conducted using an immersion 8-element annular 5.0-MHz probe from the tube inner diameter (ID). A variety of focal laws were employed to evaluate the interference fit regions and J-grove weld, where applicable. Responses from the mock-up specimen were evaluated to determine detection limits and characterization ability as well as contrast the ultrasonic response differences with the presence of boric acid in the fit region. Nozzle 63, from the North Anna Unit-2 nuclear power plant, was evaluated to assess leakage path(s) and was destructively dismantled to allow a visual verification of the leak path(s).
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Lutsenko, V. I., I. V. Lutsenko, A. V. Soboliak, I. V. Popov, Nguyen Xuan Anh, and Yiyang Luo. "Characteristics of Interference to Active-Passive Radar Systems from Emissions of HF and VHF Broadcast Stations." In 2020 IEEE Ukrainian Microwave Week (UkrMW). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ukrmw49653.2020.9252795.

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Reports on the topic "Weed interference"

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Siebenaler, Shane. PR-015-163766-R01 Field Testing of Distributed Acoustic Sensing Systems. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011503.

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Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology utilizes a fiber-optic cable as a distributed vibration sensor that can be installed in a right-of-way to monitor for pipeline leaks and to identify third-party interference (TPI), such as mechanized excavation, hand digging, etc. Various laboratory tests have been performed to demonstrate that DAS has the potential to be a flexible solution for pipeline operators. A key gap that needs to be assessed is the ability of the technology to serve its intended leak detection and TPI functions while not generating alarms at any other times. The most comprehensive means of performing such an evaluation is through an actual field demonstration of DAS technology on an operational pipeline. This report documents a ten-week-long test of four commercially available DAS technologies on an operational pipeline. The pipeline segment is 25-kilometers in length, and the systems were configured to autonomously alarm to leaks and mechanical digging. This research demonstrates the real-world performance of such systems and provides qualitative information in regards to the operational requirements for sustained deployment of DAS technology. This document has a related webinar. (member login required)
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Salter and Weston. L51534 A Study of New Joining Processes for Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010083.

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Over many decades it has been accepted that the most economical way to produce a pipeline is to join together the standard lengths of pipe as quickly as possible, using a highly mobile task force of welders and other technicians, leaving tie-ins, crossings, etc. to smaller specialist crews. The work pattern which evolved almost invariably involved several crews of welders strung out along the pipelines, progress being controlled by the rate at which the leading pair could complete the weld root. The spread from this first crew to final inspection could be a considerable distance, acceptable on land but not acceptable offshore (a rapidly increasing need which reached a peak in the 1970's). This operation, involving costly lay barges, demanded even higher throughput rates to be achieved from a more compact working spread. In common with most manufacturing technologies, there was an increasing dissatisfaction with a system which relied entirely on the skill of a limited number of highly paid men who had little incentive to change their working practices. Increasingly there came reports of the development of new approaches to joining line-pipe, ranging from the mechanization of arc welding to entirely different forms of joining, for example, electron beam welding or mechanical joining. The investment in some of these developments is reported to be several million dollars. The review of present pipelining practice shows that only a handful has been put to practical use, and in the western world, probably only one, an arc welding variant, has been used to produce more than a few hundred miles of pipeline. The information available on these developments is sparse and is scattered amongst a range of companies and research agencies. A literature review and research study to collect together as much of this information as is available, assemble it into a coherent and useable form and identify those developments which show the most promise to fulfill future needs. The main body of the report, which reviews development of the welding processes has been divided into three main joining categories, Fusion Welding, Forge Welding and Mechanical Interference Joining. Within each category each process is considered separately in terms of process principles, general applications, application to pipeline welding, equipment for pipe welding, consumables, process tolerance and skill requirements, weld quality and inspection, process economics, limitations and future developments. This study and comprehensive report compares the economics of the various alternatives. For each process an estimate has been made of the procedural and development costs involved as well as personnel needs and likely production rates.
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