Journal articles: 'World War, 1914-1918 World War, 1914-1918 Allemagne. Pacifisme. 1914-1918'

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Denezhuk, Artem Naskidovich, and Andrey Sergeevich Mikaelian. "WORLD WAR I 1914-1918." News of scientific achievements, no. 6 (2019): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36616/2618-7612-2019-6-18-20.

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Ivanova, Natalia. "Petrograd: First World War (19141918)." Cahiers Bruxellois Brusselse Cahiers XLVI, no. 1E (2014): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/brux.046e.0159.

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Nolan, Cathal J. "Civilians in a World at War, 1914–1918." International History Review 34, no. 3 (September 2012): 619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2012.718125.

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Gregory, Dr Adrian. "Civilians in a world at war, 1914–1918." First World War Studies 4, no. 2 (October 2013): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2013.843885.

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Kahn, Marcel-Francis. "The World War I (1914–1918) and rheumatology." Joint Bone Spine 81, no. 5 (October 2014): 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2014.04.015.

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M L, Revanna. "Problems of Industrialization Mysore -1914 -1918." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (February 6, 2021): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3962.

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During the First World War period, despite the best efforts by the Government of Mysore it was difficult to start and run many industries which required large -scale import of machineries. The First World War had broken the regular commercial traffic between Europe, the Mediterranean and India. On the one hand, the state escaped from the reckless floatation of companies that characterized the boom that followed the war, but some capital was invested in shares in outside companies. However as far as the investment in the new industries was concerned, capital was certainly shy in Mysore during the warperiod1. This situation continued even in the early twenties. Even during 1921-22, business conditions continued to be unfavorable throughout the year. Heavy losses were sustained by per-sons engaged in the business of piece-goods, timber, hides and skins and to a certain extent in food grains.

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Thorpe, Wayne. "The European Syndicalists and War, 1914–1918." Contemporary European History 10, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777301001011.

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This article argues that syndicalist trade union organizations, viewed internationally, were unique in First World War Europe in not supporting the war efforts or defensive efforts of their respective governments. The support for the war of the important French organisation has obscured the fact that the remaining five national syndicalist organisations – in belligerent Germany and Italy, and in neutral Spain, Sweden and the Netherlands – remained faithful to their professed workers' internationalism. The article argues that forces tending to integrate the labour movement in pre-1914 Europe had less effect on syndicalists than on other trade unions, and that syndicalist resistance to both integration and war in the non-Gallic countries was also influenced by their rivalry with social-democratic organisations.

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Gregory, Adrian. "1914–1918: The History of the First World War." English Historical Review 120, no. 488 (September 1, 2005): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cei347.

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Turda, Marius. "The Biology of War: Eugenics in Hungary, 1914–1918." Austrian History Yearbook 40 (April 2009): 238–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237809000186.

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Much has been written concerning the impact of World War I on the development of eugenic thinking, especially in Germany, Britain, France, Italy, and the Scandinavian countries. This has led historians to examine not only specific eugenic movements, but also the international nexus of institutional collaboration, personal affinities, and transfer of ideas. If before 1914, eugenicists from various countries were united in their quest to improve society by biological means—a form of internationalism culminating in the First International Congress on Eugenics organized in 1912 in London—during World War I, many of them engaged in national politics, devising eugenic methodologies to serve the ideological imperatives of their own countries rather than the proclaimed universalism of the prewar years.

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Panayi, P. "Germans in Britain During the First World War, 1914-1918." German History 7, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/7.2.226.

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Honcar, B. "American diplomacy and the outbreak of 1914-1918 World War." Україна дипломатична, Вип. 15 (2014): 633.

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Speransky, A. "Uralian arsenal of the First world war 1914–1918 years." Bulletin of the South Ural State University Series «Social Sciences and the Humanities» 16, no. 4 (2016): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ssh160417.

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Showalter, Dennis, and Holger H. Herwig. "The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914-1918." Journal of Military History 61, no. 4 (October 1997): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2954103.

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Farrar, L. L. "The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914–1918." History: Reviews of New Books 26, no. 3 (April 1998): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1998.10528124.

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Panayi, P. "Germans in Britain During the First World War, 1914-1918." German History 7, no. 2 (August 1, 1989): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635548900700204.

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Denyssov, V. N. "World war and international law. 100 years to the First world war 1914–1918." Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava” 30 (2019): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/0869-2491-2019-30-375-383.

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ERMACORA, MATTEO. "Assistance and Surveillance: War Refugees in Italy, 1914–1918." Contemporary European History 16, no. 4 (November 2007): 445–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777307004110.

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AbstractThis article deals with the forms of assistance given to refugees in Italy during the First World War. The entire subject has been neglected because of the dominant myth of a victorious nation. The Italian situation was peculiar because of the high level of migration and the multi-ethnic origin of people in the border areas. By pinpointing the pattern of relocation in Italy during the war this article seeks to explain the policies pursued by the state and by aid agencies, the rationale behind that aid and the continuities and discontinuities in the assistance given to the refugees. Significant political, juridical and social issues evolved around the image of the refugee, including the protection that the state owed to its citizens.

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Vanhaesebrouck, Karel. "Theatre of War: Commemorating World War I in Belgium." TDR/The Drama Review 61, no. 4 (December 2017): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00691.

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Every town and village throughout Flanders is commemorating the gruesome events of 1914–1918 with a range of activities. Some of these propose intelligent and thoroughly researched perspectives on WWI, while others are just simple tourist entertainments. Flemish theatre artists enthusiastically contribute to this frenzy, although some choose to deconstruct the folkloric myths to comment on the economics of the commemoration industry or on present-day atrocities.

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Samson, Anne. "The End of the 1914–1918 War in Africa." Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies, no. 27/3 (September 17, 2018): 83–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.27.3.05.

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The end of the First World War in Africa occurred at different times across the continent as the German colonies capitulated and surrendered to the allied forces between 26 August 1914 and 25 November 1918. The experience of each territory was indicative of its colonial development and local conditions. As the war inched across the landscape so people moved between states of peace and conflict, all caught up in some aspect either directly or through the provision of food and other materials. This chapter explores different experiences across the continent and the legacy of the discussions at Versailles. ERRATUM Anne Samson and the editors of Anglica: An International Journal for English Studies wish to apologize to George Ndakwena Njung for the misspelling of his name in the in-text references and the references section (90, 92, 110).

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Mcguire, Michael. "A Fractured Service: Frances Webster and The Great War, 1914–1918." New England Quarterly 91, no. 2 (June 2018): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00671.

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Born to privilege in Boston, Frances Webster, like her peers volunteered overseas with the American Red Cross as a nurse's aide. Where the activities of other Americans during the First World War is characterized as a “culture of coercive volunterism,” Webster's reflected a more complex mixture of altruism and tourism. Her history of participation in the First World War suggests historians need more multifaceted frameworks to explain Americans' First World War service.

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Begum, Imrana. "The Muslims of India and the First World War 1914-1918." International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research 5 (March 1, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2371-1655.2019.05.01.

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Siebrecht, Claudia. "Tammy M. Proctor, Civilians in a World at War, 1914–1918." European History Quarterly 42, no. 2 (April 2012): 367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691412440082x.

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GELFAND, LAWRENCE E. "Through the Prism of Seven Decades: The World War, 1914?1918." Diplomatic History 14, no. 1 (January 1990): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7709.1990.tb00079.x.

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Fischer, Christopher. "Civilians in a World at War, 1914-1918 (review)." Journal of World History 23, no. 2 (2012): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2012.0038.

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Monger, David. "Tammy M. Proctor, Civilians in a World at War, 1914–1918." Journal of Contemporary History 47, no. 3 (July 2012): 653–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009412440542c.

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Woodward, David R. "The Great War, 1914-1918, and: Who's Who in World War One (review)." Journal of Military History 67, no. 4 (2003): 1310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.2003.0341.

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Overto, John. "War and Economic Development: Settlers in Kenya, 1914–1918." Journal of African History 27, no. 1 (March 1986): 79–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700029212.

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The First World War is perhaps the least studied period in the historiography of European settlement in Kenya. This paper reverses the previously held view of settler economic decline and disarray. Despite apparent problems of shipping shortages, closure of markets and loss of white manpower, settler products were grown and exported in ever-increasing quantities during the war years. The grain and livestock industries were stimulated by new wartime markets whilst plantation crops, chiefly sisal and coffee, continued the impetus of pre-war activity and substantial new planting took place. Prosperity and development, not reversal and decline, were the keynotes of the settler wartime economy. With this new evidence and understanding, it is possible to re-interpret much of the early history of colonial Kenya. The fundamental vulnerability and stuttering growth of white settlement before 1914 gave way to the gradual assertion of the settler economy over the African, with state support, during and after the war. But this assertion and growth was founded upon abnormal economic circumstances: on cheap and available labour, insatiable markets and a pre-occupied colonial state. The post-war crises of labour and market contraction, and the pre-eminence of the settler sector after 1920, therefore must be traced to this accelerated and artificial growth in the settler economy in 1914–18.

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Hutton, Clare. "Yeats, Pound, and the Little Review, 1914-1918." International Yeats Studies 3, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/iys.03.01.03.

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Yeats made a small but interesting set of contributions to the avant-garde US periodical the Little Review, a journal for which Ezra Pound acted as ‘Foreign Editor’ and an important locus for modernist literature. My essay explores the range of Yeats’s contributions, and Pound’s rationale for being editorially involved. It examines editorial attitudes to the First World War, particularly in 1917, and the version of ‘In Memory of Robert Gregory’ which Yeats placed in the journal. By focusing on such specific moments and small textual details, the essay close reads what Sean Latham has described as “emergence,” “a particular kind of complexity that arises not from the individual elements of a system, but only from their interaction.”

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Clavin, Patricia. "The Economic Consequences of the War and the Peace." Current History 113, no. 766 (November 1, 2014): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2014.113.766.324.

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Pirnat, Jani. "Animals in the Years 1914–1918 as Part of War Propaganda." Instinct, Vol. 4, no. 1 (2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m6.071.art.

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The article focuses on examples of also using animals for war propaganda. Photography served to justify animal drafting, to keep up the military morale, and to show how cruel the enemy was. The animal ‘heroes’ of the newspapers– horses, dogs and pigeons – illustrate the attitude of humankind toward animalkind in the first industrial and technological war that showed the vulnerability and the nonsense of using animals on the fronts. Keywords: animals in war, First World War, photography, propaganda images of animals, representation of animals, surveillance

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Slobodianiuk, Mykhailo. "Ukraine in Geopolitics of Leading States during World War I (1914—1918)." Ukrainian Studies, no. 2(71) (July 23, 2019): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(71).2019.170672.

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Carlson, A. R. "Book Review: The First World War. Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914-1918." German History 16, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635549801600327.

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Shalamov, V. A. "HEALTHCARE OF VERKHNEUDINSK (ULAN-UDE) DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914–1918)." Bulletin of the Buryat Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 1 (2020): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31554/2222-9175-2020-37-37-48.

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Gillis, Stacy. "Women’s Poetry and the First World War (1914–1918) by Argha Banerjee." Modernism/modernity 22, no. 1 (2015): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mod.2015.0014.

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Stapleton, Tim. "Views of the First World War in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) 1914–1918." War & Society 20, no. 1 (May 2002): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/072924702791201953.

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Shevchenko, V. "The Great War of 1914-1918 and Ukraine: Historical Memory and Commemoration." Problems of World History, no. 8 (March 14, 2019): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2019-8-7.

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The First World War was a turning point in the development of civilization. Ukraine was at the center of this global conflict. Some of the largest and bloodiest offensive operations took place on itslands (East Halychyna, Bukovyna, Volyn), and the population was forced to fight on both sides of the front. Nevertheless, for many years the national public and professional researchers has beenoverlooked the War. In this paper, the Great War of 1914-1918 was been considered in the light of the historical memory of Ukrainian society and commemorative practices. In Eastern Halychyna, which was part of Poland after the War, there were intensive efforts to preserve the burials of war victims. In the Ukrainian state, the first steps to perpetuate the memory of the victims were made under the Hetman P. Skoropadskyi. Soviet authorities systematically «supplanted» the memory of the First World War from the mass consciousness, so that it was «forgotten».With changing approaches to the coverage of the historical past in independent Ukraine, interest towards the events of 1914-1918 has increased, and the process of perpetuating and commemoratingthem was intensified. Now, the restoration of the historical truth about the First World War and its preservation require the constructive interaction of the state, public organizations, specialists fromdifferent fields of knowledge.

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Hudgins, Nicole. "Art and Death in French Photographs of Ruins, 1914-1918." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 42, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2016.420304.

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The avalanche of ruin photography in the archives, albums, publications, and propaganda of World War I France challenges us to understand what functions such images fulfilled beyond their use as visual documentation. Did wartime images of ruin continue the European tradition of ruiniste art that went back hundreds of years? Or did their violence represent a break from the past? This article explores how ruin photography of the period fits into a larger aesthetic heritage in France, and how the depiction of ruins (religious, industrial, residential, etc.) on the French side of the Western Front provided means of expressing the shock and grief resulting from the unprecedented human losses of the war. Using official and commercial photographs of the period, the article resituates ruin photography as an aesthetic response to war, a symbol of human suffering, and a repository of rage.

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Grdina, Igor. "Activism, Meditation and Contemplation: Music and the First World War." Musicological Annual 53, no. 2 (November 27, 2017): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/mz.53.2.5-21.

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The paper discusses the turn from activism to contemplation in the works of many music creators during the First World War. It also discusses the reasons why the reception of music during the conflict of 1914–1918 was the most restricted so far, prohibiting the performance of works by creators from enemy countries.

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Borisova, Alla Aleksandrovna. "“Polish Issue” in Russia’s Policy in the First World War Period (1914-1918)." Manuscript, no. 1 (January 2020): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/manuscript.2020.1.5.

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Chiti, Judith, Diana Condell, and Jean Liddiard. "Working for Victory? Images of Women in the First World War 1914-1918." Woman's Art Journal 10, no. 1 (1989): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1358136.

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Stibbe, M. P. "Vampire of the Continent. German Anglophobia during the First World War, 1914–1918." German History 16, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/026635598673200765.

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Branach-Kallas, Anna. "Traumatic Re-enactments: Portraits of Veterans in Contemporary British and Canadian First World War Fiction." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 31 (December 15, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2018.31.09.

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The paper focuses on the portrait of the First World War veterans in selected British and Canadian novels published at the turn of the twenty-first century. The authors use various means to depict the phenomenon of trauma: from flashbacks disrupting the present, through survivor guilt, nightmares and suicide, to aporia and the collapse of representation. The comparative approach used in the article highlights national differences, yet also shows that the discourse of futility and trauma provides a trasnational framework to convey the suffering of the First World War. As a result, although resulting in social castration and disempowerment, trauma serves here as a vehicle for a critique of the disastrous aftermath of the 1914-1918 conflict and the erasures of collective memory. Re-enacting traumatic plots, the British and Canadian novels under consideration explore little known facets of the 1914-1918 conflict, while simultaneously addressing some of our most pressing anxieties about the present, such as social marginalization, otherness, and lonely death.

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Reis da Silva, Sara. "A Selection of Relevant Portuguese Children’s Literature Published in the Period of World War I." Libri et liberi 7, no. 2 (May 3, 2019): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21066/carcl.libri.7.2.4.

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The systemic singularities of children’s literature seem to have determined the relative inconsistency of critical approaches based on historiography, where the “nodal points” are mainly of a temporal, topographical, institutional and figurative nature. One of the historical periods whose “historiographical reading” of literary outlines is incomplete and unsystematised corresponds to the timeframe between the beginning and the end of World War I. We will revisit some Portuguese authors and their works: O Navio dos Brinquedos [The Toy Ship] (1914) by António Sérgio, Era uma Vez[Once Upon a Time] (1916) by Maria Sofia Santo Tirso, and the “Polichinelo” [Punchinello] series (1918–1921) by Emília de Sousa Costa, published between 1914 and 1918, in an attempt to elucidate their technical singularities, and their most relevant ideothematic lines. Falling under the category of First Republic literature, these texts betray aesthetic sensibilities and very different ideologies, showing what was written for children and what young readers read in wartime.

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Osman, Mugtaba, and Andrew C. Parnell. "Effect of the First World War on suicide rates in Ireland: an investigation of the 1864–1921 suicide trends." BJPsych Open 1, no. 2 (October 2015): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.000539.

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SummarySince the proposition of the social integration theory by émile Durkheim, macro-sociological changes have been speculated to affect suicide rates. This study investigates the effect of the First World War on Irish suicide rates. We applied an interrupted time series design of 1864–1921 annual Irish suicide rates. The 1864–1913 suicide rates exhibited a slow-rising trend with a sharp decline from the year 1914 onwards. The odds for death by suicide for males during the 1914–1918 period was 0.811 (95% CI 0.768–0.963). Irish rates of suicide were significantly reduced during the First World War, most notably for males.

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McEwan, Dorothea. "Karikatur als Kriegsdienst: Aby Warburgs »neuer Stil zwischen Wort und Bild«, 1914–1918." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 84, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2021-1004.

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Abstract This article attempts to throw a light on Warburg’s little-known engagement in political caricature during World War I. Though deemed unfit for military service, Warburg was eager to contribute to the German war effort. Perceiving Allied war propaganda as anti-German lies, he recorded what he considered its half-truths and falsehoods in his Kriegskartothek, or war archive. But Warburg, as indicated by his involvement with the short-lived La Guerra del 1914: Rivista illustrata in the early stages of the war, kept looking for a more active role in influencing public opinion: From privately commenting on the output of the Allied press, he went on to offering his own ideas for political caricatures to leading artists like Olaf Gulbransson and Max Slevogt, and to well-established satirical journals such as Simplicissimus and Kladderadatsch.

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Vidojković, Dario. "Early Representations of Wartime Violence in Films, 1914–1930." Cultural History 6, no. 1 (April 2017): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cult.2017.0134.

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This article deals with the cinematic representations of warfare violence and with its aestheticization in early films. It argues, in particular, that the patterns and narrative structures of (anti-)war movies were laid out during the First World War. Among the first films establishing those patterns and rules were D.W. Griffith's The Birth of a Nation, a film on the American Civil War, and Hearts of the World, showing the war on the western front, produced in 1918. Films such as these offered the main elements that would mark, henceforth, how anti-war movies would portray violence. With the up-coming of sound, moviegoers would be able not only to see, but also to hear what a war sounded like. Lewis Milestone's All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), one of the first sound films, exposed the audiences to a series of (calculated) audio/visual distortions, including explosions, screams, and the monotone sound of machinegun fire.

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Johnson, Ian Ona. "Strategy on the Wintry Sea: The Russo-British Submarine Flotilla in the Baltic, 1914–1918." International Journal of Military History and Historiography 40, no. 2 (October 22, 2021): 187–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683302-bja10002.

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From 1914 to 1917, in severe weather conditions on the icy Baltic Sea, Russian and British submariners contested control of the sea lanes with the German Imperial Navy. Their accomplishments were largely forgotten after the war’s end. However, the Russo-British Baltic Submarine Flotilla played an important role in the war at sea in the First World War. Most significantly, in 1915 the Flotilla wreaked havoc on German naval planning and nearly cut Germany’s critical iron ore imports from Sweden. The results would lead to a strategic crisis in the German Imperial Admiralty Staff and delay Germany’s attempt to break the British blockade until 1916. Here, the significance of the Russo-British Baltic Submarine Flotilla to the broader strategy of the First World War – and its later impact on strategy in the Second World War – is re-examined.

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Šorn, Mojca. "Spremembe v medčloveških odnosih v obdobju pomanjkanja in lakote (Ljubljana: 1914–1918)." Studia Historica Slovenica 20 (2020), no. 3 (December 20, 2020): 713–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32874/shs.2020-20.

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The following contribution, which focuses on Ljubljana and its inhabitants during World War I, shows how everyday life was influenced by the military and political as well as economic and social aspects. It underlines the food shortage, which did not only result in an increased incidence of diseases and deaths but also adjusted nutrition as well as modified daily rhythms and mental and psychological processes. The present contribution, which focuses on the interpersonal relationship changes in the extraordinary wartime circumstances or during the period of shortage and hunger, reveals that the code of behaviour as well as the established societal and social norms of the pre-war period often became a thing of the past.

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Iskhakov, Salavat. "The Impact of the First World War on Bashkir and Tatar Muslims (1914-1918)." Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, no. 141 (June 15, 2017): 141103–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remmm.9857.

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Lavrinivich, Dmitry S. "Project of Resolving the Belarusian Issue During World War I (1914–1918): Regional Aspects." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 58 (August 1, 2020): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-2-248-256.

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At the beginning of the World War I, the center of Belarusian national movement was located in Vilna, where the editors of «Nasha Niva» journal and the « Belarusian society» formed two main views on the national development of the Belarusian people in the 20th century. The first project assumed national autonomy within the Federal Russian Republic. The representatives of the latter advocated the cultural and economic development of the Belarusian people while maintaining close ties with Russia. After the occupation of Vilna by the German troops and the fall of the tsarist government in 1917 independent Belarusian organizations emerged in all provincial cities and towns. Belarusian organizations, with centers in Minsk, advocated the national-territorial autonomy of Belarus as part of democratic Russia, and then the idea of creating an independent state, the Belarusian People’s Republic, prevailed. Belarusian organizations of Mogilev province were influenced by the ideology of Westrusism, but gradually evolved to the left and became closer to the Belarusian Socialist Community (BSG). The most conservative organization, the Belarusian People’s Union, operated in Vitebsk province.

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Journal articles on the topic 'World War, 1914-1918 World War, 1914-1918 Allemagne. Pacifisme. 1914-1918'

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