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Journal articles on the topic 'Zurich (Switzerland : Canton) in art'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Meier, Nikolaus. "Art and museum libraries in Switzerland." Art Libraries Journal 21, no. 4 (1996): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200010075.

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Die Situation der Kunstbibliotheken in der Schweiz ist durch verschiedene historische Faktoren geprägt. Die Kulturhoheit der verschiedenen Kantonsrepubliken und die vier Landessprachen haben in der Vergangenheit die Entwicklung einer einheitlichen Bibliothekslandschaft erschwert. Ebenso wenig mündete die von großen Persönlichkeiten geprägte Entwicklung der Kunstwissenschaft und des Museumswesens in eine vielfältige Landschaft von Kunstbibliotheken. Die drei Zentren für Kunstbibliotheken sind Basel, Zürich und Genf. Eine Kunstbibliothek für die italienischsprachige Schweiz, wie u.a. in einem kürzlich enstandenen Grundlagenbericht für Kunstgeschichte empfohlen wird, ist immer noch ein Desiderat.The situation of Swiss art libraries is determined by different historic developments. The different Swiss cantons, with their sovereignty in cultural matters, and the four official languages of the country, have impeded the development of a homogeneous libraries’ scene. The development of art libraries has been constrained by the slow and erratic growth of art history and museology. In Switzerland there are three centres for art libraries: Basle and Zurich, and Geneva, in French-speaking Switzerland. An art library for Italian-speaking Switzerland - as once again recommended in a recently published Grundlagenbericht für Kunstgeschichte (= Basic Report for Art History) - is still desired.
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2

Gaisl, Thomas, Naser Musli, Patrick Baumgartner, Marc Meier, Silvana K. Rampini, Eva Blozik, Edouard Battegay, Malcolm Kohler, and Shekhar Saxena. "The Swiss Prison Study (SWIPS): Protocol for Establishing a Public Health Registry of Prisoners in Switzerland." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): e23973. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23973.

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Background The health aspects, disease frequencies, and specific health interests of prisoners and refugees are poorly understood. Importantly, access to the health care system is limited for this vulnerable population. There has been no systematic investigation to understand the health issues of inmates in Switzerland. Furthermore, little is known on how recent migration flows in Europe may have affected the health conditions of inmates. Objective The Swiss Prison Study (SWIPS) is a large-scale observational study with the aim of establishing a public health registry in northern-central Switzerland. The primary objective is to establish a central database to assess disease prevalence (ie, International Classification of Diseases-10 codes [German modification]) among prisoners. The secondary objectives include the following: (1) to compare the 2015 versus 2020 disease prevalence among inmates against a representative sample from the local resident population, (2) to assess longitudinal changes in disease prevalence from 2015 to 2020 by using cross-sectional medical records from all inmates at the Police Prison Zurich, Switzerland, and (3) to identify unrecognized health problems to prepare successful public health strategies. Methods Demographic and health-related data such as age, sex, country of origin, duration of imprisonment, medication (including the drug name, brand, dosage, and release), and medical history (including the International Classification of Diseases-10 codes [German modification] for all diagnoses and external results that are part of the medical history in the prison) have been deposited in a central register over a span of 5 years (January 2015 to August 2020). The final cohort is expected to comprise approximately 50,000 to 60,000 prisoners from the Police Prison Zurich, Switzerland. Results This study was approved on August 5, 2019 by the ethical committee of the Canton of Zurich with the registration code KEK-ZH No. 2019-01055 and funded in August 2020 by the “Walter and Gertrud Siegenthaler” foundation and the “Theodor and Ida Herzog-Egli” foundation. This study is registered with the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number registry. Data collection started in August 2019 and results are expected to be published in 2021. Findings will be disseminated through scientific papers as well as presentations and public events. Conclusions This study will construct a valuable database of information regarding the health of inmates and refugees in Swiss prisons and will act as groundwork for future interventions in this vulnerable population. Trial Registration ISRCTN registry ISRCTN11714665; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11714665 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/23973
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3

Buergi, Matthias. "How Terms Shape Forests: 'Niederwald', 'Mittelwald' and 'Hochwald', and their Interaction with Forest Development in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Environment and History 5, no. 3 (October 1, 1999): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734099779568263.

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4

Fleischer, Jürg, and Stephan Schmid. "Zurich German." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36, no. 2 (December 2006): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100306002441.

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Zurich German belongs to the High Alemannic subgroup of Alemannic, a dialect group forming part of Upper German (cf. Wiesinger 1983: 835). It is the dialect spoken in the city and in most parts of the canton of Zurich. According to recent census data, the canton of Zurich (whose area roughly coincides with the areal extension of Zurich German) has somewhat more than 1.2 million inhabitants, but since immigration both from other German-speaking areas and from more remote linguistic backgrounds plays an important role for the largest city and the largest canton of Switzerland, the number of speakers of Zurich German is certainly lower.
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5

Lewandowicz, Maria. "Geneza i znaczenie Kodeksu Prawa Prywatnego Kantonu Zurychu dla kodyfikacji prawa prywatnego w Szwajcarii na przykładzie prawa spadkowego." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 69, no. 2 (October 4, 2018): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2017.2.4.

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The Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich (Privatrechtliches Gesetzbuch für den Kanton Zürich – PGB) is described as the perfect model for the Swiss Civil Code in the literature devoted to the subject matter of codification of private law in the Swiss Confederation. It was the first modern civil code in Switzerland which was imbued with German tradition and legal culture. At the same time, it represented a high level of scientific sophistication. The Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich proved the vitality of German law in Switzerland. Moreover, its stable foundations in the national spirit resultedin a high level of social acceptance for the legal solutions included within. However, the question remains to what extent one can determine the influence of the Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich on the project and on the final shape of the Swiss Civil Code (ZGB). Also the question is to what extent one should treat these codes as independent works, even though they were created on the basis of the same initial assumptions. Theinfluence of The Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich on the Swiss Civil Code most completely depicts the inheritance law. Firstly, it directly interferes with the personal sphere of a citizen’s life and, consequently, it has to be rooted in the national culture and tradition in order to be effective. Secondly, it is the part of law which was the most diversified regulatory area in Switzerland in the period prior to the unification. The description of the Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich as “the perfect model” for the Swiss Civil Code is accurate. However, it is the author’s opinion that thisstatement is an exaggeration. The basic connection between the Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich and the Swiss Civil Code is expressed in the method of conducting the preparatory work for the codification work. It is also expressed by the adopted method of selection of the source material which was to serve as demonstrative material in the unification work. However, there is no evidence which would attest that the Swiss Civil Code’s contents were based on the regulations found in the Code of Private Law in the Canton of Zurich. The close relationship of both laws is expressed not in the contents but rather in the ideological assumptions of the conducted codification works.
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6

Gramatzki, Dorothee, Silvia Dehler, Elisabeth Jane Rushing, Kathrin Zaugg, Silvia Hofer, Yasuhiro Yonekawa, Helmut Bertalanffy, et al. "Glioblastoma in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, revisited (2005-2009)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2015): e13025-e13025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.e13025.

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7

Caldarella, Adele, and Alessandro Barchielli. "Glioblastoma in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland revisited: 2005 to 2009." Cancer 122, no. 23 (September 13, 2016): 3740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30341.

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8

Gramatzki, Dorothee, Silvia Dehler, Elisabeth Jane Rushing, Kathrin Zaugg, Silvia Hofer, Yasuhiro Yonekawa, Helmut Bertalanffy, et al. "Glioblastoma in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland revisited: 2005 to 2009." Cancer 122, no. 14 (April 18, 2016): 2206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30023.

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9

Ajdacic-Gross, Vladeta, Matthias Bopp, Dominique Eich, Michal Gostynski, Wulf Rössler, and Felix Gutzwiller. "Historical Change of Suicide Seasonality in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 35, no. 2 (April 2005): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/suli.35.2.217.62880.

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10

Frehner, Monika. "Entwicklung von Fichtenverjüngung im Lehrwald Sedrun der ETH Zürich (nördliche Zwischenalpen) | Development of Norway-Spruce Regeneration in the Training Forest of ETH Zurich in Sedrun, Canton of Grisons, Switzerland (Northern Intermediate Alps)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 152, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2001.0012.

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The development of planted Norway-spruce trees as well as the germination and self-seeding of natural regeneration were investigated on various forest locations on the north and south slopes between 1470 and 1800 m above sea level in the training forest of ETH Zurich in Sedrun, canton of Grisons, Switzerland.
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Bieri, Luzia, Claudia Binder, and Michael Stauffacher. "FSC in der Schweiz: Über den Markt zu Nachhaltigkeit oderüber Nachhaltigkeit zum Markt? | FSC in Switzerland: Sustainability via the market,or the market via sustainability? (reviewed paper)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0378.

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At international level, FSC certification aims at a sustainable management of the forest. However, forest owners in Switzerland do not perceive it in this way, as Swiss forest law already regulates sustainable forestry. Interviews with forest owners and managers of the canton Zurich sho wed that the main reason for certifying the forest in Switzerland seems to be an economic one, namely to prevent future discrimination against own forest products in the market.
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Graf, Hansruedi. "Caliche-Bildungen auf Höheren Deckenschottern der Nordschweiz?" E&G Quaternary Science Journal 46, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3285/eg.46.1.04.

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Abstract. Within the fluvioglaeial deposits of the Höhere Deckenschotter of the Irchel (northern part of canton Zurich, Switzerland) finegrained overhank deposits are preserved in a few places. The overhank deposits and sometimes also the gravels underneath contain calcium-carbonate-precipitates of various shapes and structures. Because of their special appearence and characteristic vertical succesion these precipitates may be interpreted as caliche.
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Rocca, Marcus. "Freizeit in der Natur verbringen trotz einer Behinderung." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 165, no. 12 (December 1, 2014): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2014.0372.

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Open air recreation despite a handicap Mobility International Switzerland (MIS) is the agency specialised in travel for people in a situation of handicap and in related issues for the tourism sector in Switzerland. It promotes one tourism for all. The main task of the agency is to collect handicap-specific travel information worldwide, and to make it available, free, by website or telephone. Another, no less important task is to increase the awareness of the tourism sector as regards the expectations and needs of people with a handicap. Over the years, MIS, in cooperation with various partners, has identified trails suitable for wheelchairs and provided signage, for instance in Toggenburg (canton of St. Gallen), in the canton of Zurich as well as for the campaign Hiking in Switzerland by Switzerland Mobility. It is important to record trails using unified criteria, and to provide precise documentation for the routes, which makes it possible for wheelchair users to access natural sites. Forest roads are often suitable for wheelchairs, but they must satisfy certain minimum requirements as regards surface, slope and obstacles (for example drainage channels).
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14

Gramatzki, Dorothee, and Michael Weller. "Reply to glioblastoma in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland revisited: 2005 to 2009." Cancer 122, no. 23 (September 13, 2016): 3740–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30340.

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15

Brunelière, Jean-François. "English as an intra-national language in Switzerland." English Today 32, no. 3 (April 19, 2016): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000109.

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In recent years, many researchers have been studying the spread of English in our globalized world, while others have focused on multilingualism. For Stępkowska the question of multilingualism in Europe is intimately linked with English, and Switzerland represents the perfect place for understanding how these relationships evolve. Her book treats sociolinguistic questions at a macro-level and provides the reader with three main elements: a broad consideration of English (Chapter 1), a discussion about language contact (Chapter 2), and new data on the Swiss language use obtained in the canton of Zurich in 2011, which leads to the development of a ‘Swiss paradigm’ conceptualizing the role of English in Switzerland (Chapter 3).
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Wanner, Miriam, Katarina L. Matthes, Dimitri Korol, Silvia Dehler, and Sabine Rohrmann. "Indicators of Data Quality at the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug in Switzerland." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 13, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7656197.

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Data quality is an important issue in cancer registration. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the four main data quality indicators (comparability, validity, timeliness, and completeness) for the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug (Switzerland). We extracted all malignant cancer cases (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) diagnosed between 1980 and 2014 in the canton of Zurich. Methods included the proportion of morphologically verified cases (MV%), the proportion of DCN and DCO cases (2009–2014), cases with primary site uncertain (PSU%), the stability of incidence rates over time, age-specific incidence rates for childhood cancer, and mortality:incidence (MI) ratios. The DCO rate decreased from 6.4% in 1997 to 0.8% in 2014 and was <5% since 2000. MV% was 95.5% in 2014. PSU% was <3% over the whole period. The incidence rate of all tumours increased over time with site-specific fluctuations. The overall M:I ratio decreased from 0.58 in 1980 to 0.37 in 2014. Overall, data quality of the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug was acceptable according to the methods presented in this review. Most indicators improved over time with low DCO rates, high MV%, low PSU%, relatively low M:I ratios and age-specific incidence of childhood cancer within reference ranges.
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Gramatzki, D., P. Roth, E. J. Rushing, J. Weller, N. Andratschke, S. Hofer, L. Regli, J. Oberle, S. Rohrmann, and M. Weller. "OS01.6 Glioblastoma in the era of bevacizumab: an epidemiological study in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Neuro-Oncology 19, suppl_3 (April 2017): iii2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox036.005.

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Odermatt, Oswald. "Ergebnisse aus Untersuchungen zum Wildtiereinfluss auf die Waldverjüngung in der Schweiz | Results of various studies on the influence of wildlife on forest regeneration in Switzerland." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 160, no. 10 (October 1, 2009): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2009.0294.

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Ten years ago the working group “Forest and Wildlife” of the Swiss Forestry Society described the situation at the time regarding forest and game in Switzerland. Since then data collection and evaluation methods for assessing browsing damage, but also forest and wildlife management concepts have evolved. A selection of the many activities in this field are presented in this article, namely the cantonal overviews of Cantons Glarus, Schwyz and Berne, the surveys on browsing intensity on indicator plots in Cantons St. Gallen, Glarus, Zurich, Schwyz and in the Bernese Oberland, as well as the Forest and Wildlife Reports and the Silver Fir Action Program of Canton Grisons. Furthermore the results of the Effor2 pilot program “forest and wildlife” and of the studies on the development of natural regeneration and the behaviour of wild ungulates in areas damaged by storm Lothar are presented, together with results from the 3rd National Forest Inventory. The results show: the proportion of forest area in the cantons with intolerable browsing damage seldom exceeds 25%. Browsing problems are more frequent in game protection areas. According to the 3rd National Forest Inventory browsing intensity has increased in Switzerland, but decreased in the Plateau. A diminution of the browsing intensity is also shown by the the surveys on indicator plots in Cantons St. Gallen, Glarus, Zurich, Schwyz and in the Bernese Oberland. In some regions one has succeeded in avoiding a loss of stem numbers due to browsing, even concerning the particularly vulnerable silver fir. This however remains the exception rather than the rule. This is the reason why Canton Grisons has launched the Silver Fir Action Program.
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Richard, J. L., V. Masserey-Spicher, S. Santibanez, and A. Mankertz. "Measles outbreak in Switzerland - an update relevant for the European football championship (EURO 2008)." Eurosurveillance 13, no. 8 (February 21, 2008): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.13.08.08043-en.

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Since November 2006, Switzerland has been experiencing the largest measles outbreak registered in the country since the introduction of mandatory notification for this disease in 1999. The first eight months of this outbreak have already been described in this journal [1]. From November 2006 to 13 February 2008, 1,405 measles cases were reported by physicians or laboratories in Switzerland (1,106 of them in 2007). Of these, 976 cases (69%) occurred in the cantons of Lucerne (29% of the total), Basel-Land (16%), Zurich (11%) Bern (7%), and Aargau (7%). The incidence for the whole country and all ages, calculated for this 15-month period, was 19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (15 cases per 100,000 for the year 2007). For children under the age of 16 years living in the canton of Lucerne, it was 500 per 100,000.
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Schäffer, Beat, Georg Thomann, Philipp Huber, Mark Brink, Stefan Plüss, and Robert Hofmann. "Zurich Aircraft Noise Index: An Index for the Assessment and Analysis of the Effects of Aircraft Noise on the Population." Acta Acustica united with Acustica 98, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3813/aaa.918533.

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This article reports on the Zurich Aircraft Noise Index (ZFI), a noise eff ect index describing the integral eff ects of aircraft noise (annoyance and sleep disturbance) on the population in the vicinity of Zurich airport, integrating the considered noise eff ects to a single number valid for the whole airport. In the year 2007 the ZFI became operational as an eff ect-oriented monitoring tool serving noise abatement policy in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. During its development, various exposure–response relationships and parameter settings were studied as a basis to establish the official calculation rule. The official calculation rule was then applied to a time series of 12 years, and reasons for changes in the ZFI were studied by means of sensitivity analyses, taking into account the air traffic operations and population development around Zurich airport in great detail. The article presents the concept and implementation of the ZFI, its development, its application, and insights obtained so far. Based on the obtained results, the potential and limitations of the index to express the number of aff ected persons, its sensitivity to changes in population figures and air traffic as well as the possibilities to separate diff erent influencing parameters, and the scientific shortcomings of the index are discussed.
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Gramatzki, Dorothee, Patrick Roth, Elisabeth Jane Rushing, Jonathan Weller, Nicolaus Andratschke, Silvia Hofer, Dimitri Korol, et al. "Glioblastoma in the era of bevacizumab: An epidemiological study in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, 2010-2014." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2018): e14062-e14062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e14062.

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22

Vollrath, Margarete, Regula Koch, and Jules Angst. "Binge Eating and Weight Concerns among Young Adults." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 4 (April 1992): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.4.498.

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In the longitudinal cohort study of young adults from the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland, two groups of eating problems were defined: binge eating and weight concerns. Subjects with these conditions were interviewed at the ages of 27–28 and 29–30 years. The binge eaters, mostly women, differed both from subjects with weight concerns and from controls. They had more severe eating problems and more anxiety and depression. Follow-up as well as retrospective data suggest that eating problems are persistent for the binge eaters, and, to a lesser extent, also for subjects with weight concerns. Even so, professional treatment is rarely sought by subjects with eating problems. These findings encourage long-term studies on eating problems in community samples.
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Berchtold, Christian, Jean-Pascal Bourgeois, Verena Christen, Michal Dabros, Caspar Demuth, Anika Hoffmann, Franka Kalman, et al. "Analytical Platforms at Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 7 (August 12, 2020): 618–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.618.

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Numerous projects and industrial and academic collaborations benefit from state-of-the-art facilities and expertise in analytical chemistry available at the Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences. This review summarizes areas of expertise in analytical sciences at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), and the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW). We briefly discuss selected projects in different fields of analytical sciences
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Huber, Robert, Christian Flury, Michael Weber, and Marco Pezzatti. "Erhaltung der Landwirtschaftsflächen bedingt Priorisierung der Leistungen (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 166, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2015.0208.

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Protection of agricultural land needs prioritization of goods and services (essay) In Switzerland, productive agricultural land is scarce. Settlement development, forest encroachment and the expansion of natural habitats reduce the availability of agricultural surfaces and thus agriculture's potential to contribute to domestic food security. In addition, rural infrastructure developments as well as production immissions such as odor and noise increase land-use conflicts. To address these conflicts, society's demand for agricultural goods and services and the requirements of a productive agricultural sector must be reconciled by defining spatial areas in which goods and services provided by a multifunctional agriculture are prioritized. As shown by the example of the canton Zurich, such a spatial prioritization of agricultural goods and services allows for a consideration of synergies and trade-offs in actual planning processes to effectively protect agricultural surfaces.
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Kéry, Marc, Gabriel Banderet, Martin Neuhaus, Martin Weggler, Hans Schmid, Thomas Sattler, and David Parish. "Population trends of the Peregrine Falcon in Switzerland with special reference to the period 2005–2016." Ornis Hungarica 26, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/orhu-2018-0017.

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Abstract We study population trends of the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) in Switzerland with special reference to the development since 2005 and three study areas, South West Switzerland (4,993 km2, 1960–2015), the Northern Jura mountains (3,270 km2, 2005–2015) and the Canton of Zurich (1,748 km2, 2002–2015). We used dynamic occupancy models, which allow the territory-specific extinction and colonization parameters – the demographic rates (at the territory level) underlying a population trend – to be estimated. The Swiss peregrine population has developed in line with trends observed in many other countries and regions in North America and Europe: after the pesticide-induced collapse between the 1950s and 1970s, the population largely recovered up to the turn of the millennium. However, in recent years, we detected significant declines again: in SW Switzerland, the population decreased from 51 to 33 pairs during 2008–2015 (-35%), in the N Jura from 70 to 40 pairs during 2009–2015 (-43%) and in Zurich from 6–7 to 2–4 pairs during 2010–2015 (-50%). In the same time, the local extinction rate in the three study areas (more than) doubled from (0.05) 0.1 to 0.2, while the colonization rate dropped from 0.3 to 0.1 in one of the areas, while no change was detectable in the other two. We discuss two factors responsible for these strong, recent declines of Swiss peregrines: (1) predation by Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo) and (2) direct and illegal persecution by humans. In addition to these two factors, growing human disturbance (e.g. through climbers, bird photographers, paragliders, hikers, geocachers, etc.) and fatalities due to collisions with man-made structures (power lines, glass, wind turbines, etc.) are also suspected to contribute to the population decline.
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Minini, Remo, Sabine Rohrmann, Ralph Braun, Dimitri Korol, and Silvia Dehler. "Incidence trends and clinical–pathological characteristics of invasive cutaneous melanoma from 1980 to 2010 in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Melanoma Research 27, no. 2 (April 2017): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cmr.0000000000000312.

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Spühler, Lisa, Bertil O. Krüsi, and Gilberto Pasinelli. "Die Rolle von Eiche, Totholz und Efeubeeren bei der Habitatwahl des Mittelspechts." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0021.

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The role of oak, deadwood and ivy for habitat selection of the middle spotted woodpecker Due to their habitat needs, woodpeckers are generally considered to be excellent indicators of forest habitat quality and biodiversity. In the EU and in Switzerland, the middle spotted woodpecker acts as a flagship species for nature conservation in forests. After several decades of decline in the Canton of Zurich, the population of the indicator species more than doubled between 2002 and 2012. The reasons for this positive development are so far unknown. It is hypothesized that an increased availability of ivy berries, sometimes eaten by the middle spotted woodpecker, may have contributed to the population growth. Based on the woodpecker monitoring 2012 in the Canton of Zurich, in 2013 the availability of trees with ivy berries at sites with and without presence of the middle spotted woodpecker was examined in eight forests. At the same time we also studied the availability of oaks and standing dead trees, two habitat factors well known to be important for the middle spotted woodpecker. Results revealed significantly shorter distances to large oaks and a tendency towards shorter distances to dead trees at points with middle spotted woodpecker presence than at points without. The distance to trees with ivy berries, on the other hand, was the same at presence and absence points. Occurrence probability of the middle spotted woodpecker was best explained by the distances to the closest large oak and to the closest standing dead tree, respectively. The importance of ivy contributing to the structural diversity in forest ecosystems and providing food and refuge to many species is widely recognized. Therefore, ivy should not be eliminated and oaks and dead trees should be continued to be fostered.
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Hepp, Urs, Alex Gamma, Gabriella Milos, Dominique Eich, Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross, Wulf Rössler, Jules Angst, and Ulrich Schnyder. "Inconsistency in reporting potentially traumatic events." British Journal of Psychiatry 188, no. 3 (March 2006): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.104.008102.

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BackgroundResearch on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relies mainly on self-reports of exposure to trauma and its consequences.AimsTo analyse the consistency of the reporting of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) over time.MethodA community-based cohort, representative of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, was interviewed at the ages of 34–35 years (in 1993) and 40–41 years (in 1999). A semi-structured diagnostic interview, including a section on PTSD, was administered.ResultsOf the 342 participants who attended both interviews, 169 reported some PTE (1993, n=110; 1999, n=120). In 1999, 56 participants (33.1%) reported for the first time PTEs that actually occurred before 1993, but which had not been reported in the 1993 interview. In total, 68 participants (40.2%) who had reported a PTE in 1993 did not report it in 1999. The overall frequency of inconsistent reporting was 63.9%.ConclusionsThe high level of inconsistency in the reporting of PTEs has implications for therapy as well as for research.
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Vollrath, M., and J. Angst. "Results of the Zurich Cohort Study: course of anxiety and depression." Psychiatry and Psychobiology 4, no. 5 (1989): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00000213.

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SummaryIn a longitudinal cohort study of young adults from the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland, the course of anxiety and depressive disorders was examined in 3 interviews over a period of 7 years. The 1-year prevalence rates of panic disorders (including a milder form), generalized anxiety disorder, major depression, and recurrent brief depression were similar from age 21–28 yr. Females prevailed among all diagnoses, their preponderance being strongest for mild panic and major depression. No differential course could be found for the 3 initial diagnostic groups in 1979: the pure anxiety disorders, the pure depression, and the mixed anxiety – depression. Their courses were very similar: 41–52'% recovered, 24–41% developed pure depression, 14–15% manifested a mixed anxious – depressive syndrome, and 5–10% manifested pure anxiety. Compared to controls, all 3 groups showed a tendency to develop into mixed cases and to manifest more recurrences. When the diagnostic information of all 3 interviews was cumulated into longitudinal diagnostic groups, however, differences emerged with respect to severity and chronicity of the disorders. Cases of mixed anxiety-depression were treated more often than cases of pure anxiety or pure depression. Furthermore, in a longitudinal perspective, the mixed cases received a diagnosis more frequently than the cases of pure anxiety disorders or pure depressive disorders, and thus were found to be more recurrent or chronic. With respect to course prediction, a single diagnosis does not differentiate sufficiently and more longitudinal diagnostic information should be taken into account to enhance the certainty of prediction of course and outcome.
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Cellina, Francesca, Dominik Bucher, Francesca Mangili, José Veiga Simão, Roman Rudel, and Martin Raubal. "A Large Scale, App-Based Behaviour Change Experiment Persuading Sustainable Mobility Patterns: Methods, Results and Lessons Learnt." Sustainability 11, no. 9 (May 10, 2019): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11092674.

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The present urban transportation system, mostly tailored for cars, has long shown its limitations. In many urban areas, public transportation and soft mobility would be able to effectively satisfy many travel needs. However, they tend to be neglected, due to a deep-rooted car dependency. How can we encourage people to make sustainable mobility choices, reducing car use and the related CO 2 emissions and energy consumption? Taking advantage of the wide availability of smartphone devices, we designed GoEco!, a smartphone application exploiting automatic mobility tracking, eco-feedback, social comparison and gamification elements to persuade individual modal change. We tested the effectiveness of GoEco! in two regions of Switzerland (Cantons Ticino and Zurich), in a large-scale, one year long randomized controlled trial. Notwithstanding a large drop-out rate experienced throughout the experiment, GoEco! was observed to produce a statistically significant impact (a decrease in CO 2 emissions and energy consumption per kilometer) for systematic routes in highly car-dependent urban areas, such as the Canton Ticino. In Zurich, instead, where high quality public transport is already available, no statistically significant effects were found. In this paper we present the GoEco! experiment and discuss its results and the lessons learnt, highlighting practical difficulties in performing randomized controlled trials in the field of mobility and providing recommendations for future research.
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Spoerri, Andy, Daniel J. Lang, Claudia R. Binder, and Roland W. Scholz. "Expert-based scenarios for strategic waste and resource management planning—C&D waste recycling in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 53, no. 10 (August 2009): 592–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.04.011.

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Rössler, W., V. Ajdacic-Gross, H. Haker, S. Rodgers, M. Müller, and M. P. Hengartner. "Subclinical psychosis syndromes in the general population: results from a large-scale epidemiological survey among residents of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 24, no. 1 (November 26, 2013): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796013000681.

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Aims.Prevalence and covariates of subclinical psychosis have gained increased interest in the context of early identification and treatment of persons at risk for psychosis.Methods.We analysed 9829 adults representative of the general population within the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Two psychosis syndromes, derived from the SCL-90-R, were applied: ‘schizotypal signs’ and ‘schizophrenia nuclear symptoms’.Results.Only a few subjects (13.2%) reported no schizotypal signs. While 33.2% of subjects indicated mild signs, only a small proportion (3.7%) reported severe signs. A very common outcome was no ‘schizophrenia nuclear symptoms’ (70.6%). Although 13.5% of the participants reported mild symptoms, severe nuclear symptoms were very rare (0.5%). Because these two syndromes were only moderately correlated (r = 0.43), we were able to establish sufficiently distinct symptom clusters. Schizotypal signs were more closely connected to distress than was schizophrenia nuclear symptoms, even though their distribution types were similar. Both syndromes were associated with several covariates, such as alcohol and tobacco use, being unmarried, low education level, psychopathological distress and low subjective well-being.Conclusions.Subclinical psychosis symptoms are quite frequent in the general population but, for the most part, are not very pronounced. In particular, our data support the notion of a continuous Wald distribution of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Our findings have enabled us to confirm the usefulness of these syndromes as previously assessed in other independent community samples. Both can appropriately be associated with well-known risk factors of schizophrenia.
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Rossi, Federica, and Rico Maggi. "Business travel decisions and high-speed trains: an ordered logit approach." REGION 6, no. 3 (December 20, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v6i3.249.

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The paper studies the potential impact on business travel of the new high-speed railway line project, called AlpTransit, which will link Lugano, the small economic hub of the southern part of Switzerland, with Zurich, one of the major Swiss economic centres, situated north of the Alps. Thanks to this infrastructure, travel time between the two cities will decrease considerably from about three hours to less than two hours by the end of 2020. The question that we pose in this paper is what impact high-speed trains could have, in the short to medium term, on business travel between the two hubs (ex-ante evaluation). Indeed, given the travel time, firms could increase their business-to-business one-day trips, boosting face-to-face interactions within and among enterprises. Our curiosity more specifically regards the potential impact of the change in travel time on the propensity to travel of employees with different functions in various types of firms. An on-line survey was conducted among firms located in Ticino, the Swiss Canton that includes Lugano. The data are analysed using four ordered logit models, one for each employee category (CEO, administrative staff, sales personnel, specialists), since hierarchical position and professional status influence business travel characteristics. Results show that internal firm characteristics, such as sector, frequency and destination of current business travels significantly influence the propensity to travel to Zurich more often thanks to AlpTransit.
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Geiger, Friedrich. "Art as a Vocation: Vladimir Vogel's dramma-oratorio ‘Jona ging doch nach Ninive’." Tempo, no. 218 (October 2001): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200008640.

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The composer Vladimir Vogel was born in Moscow in 1896. His mother was Russian, his father a businessman who came from Dresden. After the end of the First World War Vogel went to Berlin where he was admitted to Ferruccio Busoni's masterclass, along with Kurt Weill. His studies completed, his career was at first extremely promising, but it came to an abrupt halt with the relinquishing of power to the National Socialists. In jeopardy on three counts, as a Communist, a Jew and a so-called Neutöner or ‘new-note composer’, Vogel roamed Europe for a number of years. Finally he found a refuge in Switzerland, where he produced new compositions until the end of his life without managing to emulate his own early success. He died in Zurich in 1984.
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Lay, B., C. Nordt, and W. Rössler. "Variation in use of coercive measures in psychiatric hospitals." European Psychiatry 26, no. 4 (May 2011): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.11.007.

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AbstractPurposeThe use of coercive measures in psychiatry is still poorly understood. Most empirical research has been limited to compulsory admission and to risk factors on an individual patient level. This study addresses three coercive measures and the role of predictive factors at both patient and institutional levels.MethodsUsing the central psychiatric register that covers all psychiatric hospitals in Canton Zurich (1.3 million people), Switzerland, we traced all inpatients in 2007 aged 18–70 (n = 9698). We used GEE models to analyse variation in rates between psychiatric hospitals.ResultsOverall, we found quotas of 24.8% involuntary admissions, 6.4% seclusion/restraint and 4.2% coerced medication. Results suggest that the kind and severity of mental illness are the most important risk factors for being subjected to any form of coercion. Variation across the six psychiatric hospitals was high, even after accounting for risk factors on the patient level suggesting that centre effects are an important source of variability. However, effects of the hospital characteristics ‘size of the hospital’, ‘length of inpatient stay’, and ‘work load of the nursing staff’ were only weak (‘bed occupancy rate’ was not statistically significant).ConclusionThe significant variation in use of coercive measures across psychiatric hospitals needs further study.
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Welker, Christoph, Thomas Röösli, and David N. Bresch. "Comparing an insurer's perspective on building damages with modelled damages from pan-European winter windstorm event sets: a case study from Zurich, Switzerland." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-279-2021.

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Abstract. With access to claims, insurers have a long tradition of being knowledge leaders on damages caused by windstorms. However, new opportunities have arisen to better assess the risks of winter windstorms in Europe through the availability of historic footprints provided by the Windstorm Information Service (Copernicus WISC). In this study, we compare how modelling of building damages complements claims-based risk assessment. We describe and use two windstorm risk models: an insurer's proprietary model and the open source CLIMADA platform. Both use the historic WISC dataset and a purposefully built, probabilistic hazard event set of winter windstorms across Europe to model building damages in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. These approaches project a considerably lower estimate for the annual average damage (CHF 1.4 million), compared to claims (CHF 2.3 million), which originates mainly from a different assessment of the return period of the most damaging historic event Lothar–Martin. Additionally, the probabilistic modelling approach allows assessment of rare events, such as a 250-year-return-period windstorm causing CHF 75 million in damages, including an evaluation of the uncertainties. Our study emphasizes the importance of complementing a claims-based perspective with a probabilistic risk modelling approach to better understand windstorm risks. The presented open-source model provides a straightforward entry point for small insurance companies.
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Hoekstra, Dyon, Margot Mütsch, Christina Kien, Ansgar Gerhardus, and Stefan K. Lhachimi. "Identifying and prioritising systematic review topics with public health stakeholders: A protocol for a modified Delphi study in Switzerland to inform future research agendas." BMJ Open 7, no. 8 (August 2017): e015500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015500.

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IntroductionThe Cochrane Collaboration aims to produce relevant and top priority evidence that responds to existing evidence gaps. Hence, research priority setting (RPS) is important to identify which potential research gaps are deemed most important. Moreover, RPS supports future health research to conform both health and health evidence needs. However, studies that are prioritising systematic review topics in public health are surprisingly rare. Therefore, to inform the research agenda of Cochrane Public Health Europe (CPHE), we introduce the protocol of a priority setting study on systematic review topics in several European countries, which is conceptualised as pilot.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a two-round modified Delphi study in Switzerland, incorporating an anonymous web-based questionnaire, to assess which topics should be prioritised for systematic reviews in public health. In the first Delphi round public health stakeholders will suggest relevant assessment criteria and potential priority topics. In the second Delphi round the participants indicate their (dis)agreement to the aggregated results of the first round and rate the potential review topics with the predetermined criteria on a four-point Likert scale. As we invite a wide variety of stakeholders we will compare the results between the different stakeholder groups.Ethics and disseminationWe have received ethical approval from the ethical board of the University of Bremen, Germany (principal investigation is conducted at the University of Bremen) and a certificate of non-objection from the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland (fieldwork will be conducted in Switzerland). The results of this study will be further disseminated through peer reviewed publication and will support systematic review author groups (i.a. CPHE) to improve the relevance of the groups´ future review work. Finally, the proposed priority setting study can be used as a framework by other systematic review groups when conducting a priority setting study in a different context.
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Limam, Manuela, Katarina Luise Matthes, Giulia Pestoni, Eleftheria Michalopoulou, Leonhard Held, Silvia Dehler, Dimitri Korol, and Sabine Rohrmann. "Are there sex differences among colorectal cancer patients in treatment and survival? A Swiss cohort study." Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 147, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 1407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-021-03557-y.

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Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the three most common incident cancers and causes of cancer death in Switzerland for both men and women. To promote aspects of gender medicine, we examined differences in treatment decision and survival by sex in CRC patients diagnosed 2000 and 2001 in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Methods Characteristics assessed of 1076 CRC patients were sex, tumor subsite, age at diagnosis, tumor stage, primary treatment option and comorbidity rated by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Missing data for stage and comorbidities were completed using multivariate imputation by chained equations. We estimated the probability of receiving surgery versus another primary treatment using multivariable binomial logistic regression models. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for survival analysis. Results Females were older at diagnosis and had less comorbidities than men. There was no difference with respect to treatment decisions between men and women. The probability of receiving a primary treatment other than surgery was nearly twice as high in patients with the highest comorbidity index, CCI 2+, compared with patients without comorbidities. This effect was significantly stronger in women than in men (p-interaction = 0.010). Survival decreased with higher CCI, tumor stage and age in all CRC patients. Sex had no impact on survival. Conclusion The probability of receiving any primary treatment and survival were independent of sex. However, female CRC patients with the highest CCI appeared more likely to receive other therapy than surgery compared to their male counterparts.
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Ulyte, Agne, Thomas Radtke, Irène A. Abela, Sarah R. Haile, Julia Braun, Ruedi Jung, Christoph Berger, et al. "Seroprevalence and immunity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents in schools in Switzerland: design for a longitudinal, school-based prospective cohort study." International Journal of Public Health 65, no. 9 (October 15, 2020): 1549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01495-z.

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Abstract Objectives This longitudinal cohort study aims to assess the extent and patterns of seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in school-attending children, and their parents and school personnel. It will examine risk factors for infection, the relationship between seropositivity and symptoms, and temporal persistence of antibodies. Methods The study (Ciao Corona) will enroll a regionally representative, random sample of schools in the canton of Zurich, where 18% of the Swiss population live. Children aged 5–16 years, attending primary and secondary schools, and their parents and school personnel are invited. Venous blood and saliva samples are collected for serological testing in June/July 2020, in October/November 2020, and in March/April 2021. Bi-monthly questionnaires will cover SARS-CoV-2 symptoms and tests, health, preventive behavior, and lifestyle information. Hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models will account for sensitivity and specificity of the serological tests in the analyses and complex sampling structure, i.e., clustering within classes and schools. Results and conclusions This unique school-based study will allow describing temporal trends of immunity, evaluate effects of preventive measures and will inform goal-oriented policy decisions during subsequent outbreaks. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04448717, registered June 26, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04448717.
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Friedrich, Verena, Adrian Brügger, and Georg F. Bauer. "Worksite Tobacco Prevention: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Adoption, Dissemination Strategies, and Aggregated Health-Related Outcomes across Companies." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/136505.

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Evidence based public health requires knowledge about successful dissemination of public health measures. This study analyses (a) the changes in worksite tobacco prevention (TP) in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, between 2007 and 2009; (b1) the results of a multistep versus a “brochure only” dissemination strategy; (b2) the results of a monothematic versus a comprehensive dissemination strategy that aim to get companies to adopt TP measures; and (c) whether worksite TP is associated with health-related outcomes. A longitudinal design with randomized control groups was applied. Data on worksite TP and health-related outcomes were gathered by a written questionnaire (baselinen=1627; follow-upn=1452) and analysed using descriptive statistics, nonparametric procedures, and ordinal regression models. TP measures at worksites improved slightly between 2007 and 2009. The multistep dissemination was superior to the “brochure only” condition. No significant differences between the monothematic and the comprehensive dissemination strategies were observed. However, improvements in TP measures at worksites were associated with improvements in health-related outcomes. Although dissemination was approached at a mass scale, little change in the advocated adoption of TP measures was observed, suggesting the need for even more aggressive outreach or an acceptance that these channels do not seem to be sufficiently effective.
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Bitterli, Daniel. "Das Kloster Einsiedeln als Waldbesitzer im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert | The forest ownership of the monastery of Einsiedeln in the 16th and 17th centuries." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 155, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2004.0311.

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The monastery of Einsiedeln is not only the biggest private forest owner in the region but in the whole of Switzerland. Many of the forests it holds today already belonged to the monastery in the Middle Ages. In keeping with the notion of property rights at the time the monastery did not, however, hold all rights of usufruct. The monastery's forests were exploited by the «Waldleute» (the inhabitants of Einsiedeln), sometimes as common pasture, but sometimes individually. In the 16th and 17th centuries and against the will of Canton Schwyz (under whose protectorate it lay) the monastery redeemed the rights of usufruct to ensure its own supply of wood and in order to participate in wood trading with the town of Zurich. Various examples show that the monastery often only redeemed the rights of wood yield while the grazing rights stayed with the seller – clearly an arrangement that was in the economic interests of both parties. With the advent of the modern property rights and the introduction of a «regulated forest management» such an arrangement came to be seen as a big problem. This is why, in the 19th century, the monastery redeemed all rights of usufruct of its forests.
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Angst, J., D. Paksarian, L. Cui, K. R. Merikangas, M. P. Hengartner, V. Ajdacic-Gross, and W. Rössler. "The epidemiology of common mental disorders from age 20 to 50: results from the prospective Zurich cohort Study." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 25, no. 1 (March 24, 2015): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s204579601500027x.

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Background:There are only a small number of prospective studies that have systematically evaluated standardised diagnostic criteria for mental disorder for more than a decade. The aim of this study is to present the approximated overall and sex-specific cumulative incidence of mental disorder in the Zurich cohort study, a prospective cohort study of 18–19 years olds from the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, who were followed through age 50.Method:A stratified sample of 591 participants were interviewed with the Structured Psychopathological Interview and Rating of the Social Consequences of Psychological Disturbances for Epidemiology, a semi-structured interview that uses a bottom-up approach to assess the past-year presence of 15 psychiatric syndromes. Seven interview waves took place between 1979 and 2008. Approximated cumulative incidence was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods.Results:Rates of mental disorder were considerably higher than those generally reported in cross-sectional surveys. We found rates ranging from 32.5% for major depressive disorder to 1.2% for Bipolar I disorder. The cumulative probability of experiencing any of the mental disorders assessed by age 50 was 73.9%, the highest reported to date. We also found that rates differed by sex for most disorders, with females generally reporting higher rates of mood, anxiety and phobic disorder, and males reporting higher rates of substance- and alcohol-related disorders.Conclusions:These findings confirm those of other long-term prospective studies that indicate the nearly universal nature of disturbances of emotion and behaviour across the life span. Greater community awareness of the normative nature of these experiences is warranted. An important area of future research is study long-term course and stability to determine who among those with such disturbances suffer from chronic disabling mental disorders. Such longitudinal studies may aid in directing services and intervention efforts where they are most needed.
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Hatt, Stephan. "Grünbrücke Loterbuck A 4.2.9: Eine Erfolgskontrolle nach drei Jahren | Fauna Overbridge Loterbuck A 4.2.9: Success Control after a Period of Three Years." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0290.

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The expansion of the traffic network, in particular the construction of highways, has continuously diminished and divided into small sections the habitat of wild-living animals during the last decades. However, these negative effects can be minimised if suitable measures with regard to line-conduction and construction are taken against. One of these possibilities are the sown-down overbridges. It is essential that these constructions are planned and built in order to meet the requirements of their future users – the various wild-living animals. This study investigates the success of one of these sown-down overbridges. It is this the Loterbuck-overbridge on the A 4.2.9 near Henggart in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. The focus of this investigation was to find out which species of wild-living animals use the bridge and how much it is frequented. Local people and specialists of the region were interviewed and tracks were picked up on site. Taking into consideration five criteria (species of wild-living animals, positioning and number of overbridges nearby, dimensioning and design of the individual overbridges), the interviews and tracks were assessed. The Loterbuck-overbridge is used by all larger wild-living animals of the region. Especially the browsing and rubbing tracks of deer show that the overbridge has been accepted not only as sown-down overbridge but also as habitat.
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Stucki, Michael. "Factors related to the change in Swiss inpatient costs by disease: a 6-factor decomposition." European Journal of Health Economics 22, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10198-020-01243-3.

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AbstractThere is currently little systematic knowledge about the contribution of different factors to the increase in health care spending in high-income countries such as Switzerland. The aim of this paper is to decompose inpatient care costs in the Swiss canton of Zurich by 100 diseases and 42 age/sex groups and to assess the contribution of six factors to the change in aggregate costs between 2013 and 2017. These six factors are population size, age and sex structure, inpatient treated prevalence, utilization in terms of stays per patient, length of stay per case, and costs per treatment day. Using detailed inpatient cost data at the case level, we find that the most important contributor to the change in disease-specific costs was a rise in costs per treatment day. For most conditions, this effect was partly offset by a reduction in the average length of stay. Changes in population size accounted for one third of the total increase, but population structure had only a small positive association with costs. The most expensive cases accounted for the largest part of the increase in costs, but the magnitude of this effect differed across diseases. A better understanding of the factors related to cost changes at the disease level over time is essential for the design of targeted health policies aiming at an affordable health care system.
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Nussbaum, Madlene, Lorenz Walthert, Marielle Fraefel, Lucie Greiner, and Andreas Papritz. "Mapping of soil properties at high resolution in Switzerland using boosted geoadditive models." SOIL 3, no. 4 (November 16, 2017): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-191-2017.

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Abstract. High-resolution maps of soil properties are a prerequisite for assessing soil threats and soil functions and for fostering the sustainable use of soil resources. For many regions in the world, accurate maps of soil properties are missing, but often sparsely sampled (legacy) soil data are available. Soil property data (response) can then be related by digital soil mapping (DSM) to spatially exhaustive environmental data that describe soil-forming factors (covariates) to create spatially continuous maps. With airborne and space-borne remote sensing and multi-scale terrain analysis, large sets of covariates have become common. Building parsimonious models amenable to pedological interpretation is then a challenging task. We propose a new boosted geoadditive modelling framework (geoGAM) for DSM. The geoGAM models smooth non-linear relations between responses and single covariates and combines these model terms additively. Residual spatial autocorrelation is captured by a smooth function of spatial coordinates, and non-stationary effects are included through interactions between covariates and smooth spatial functions. The core of fully automated model building for geoGAM is component-wise gradient boosting. We illustrate the application of the geoGAM framework by using soil data from the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. We modelled effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) in forest topsoils as a continuous response. For agricultural land we predicted the presence of waterlogged horizons in given soil depths as binary and drainage classes as ordinal responses. For the latter we used proportional odds geoGAM, taking the ordering of the response properly into account. Fitted geoGAM contained only a few covariates (7 to 17) selected from large sets (333 covariates for forests, 498 for agricultural land). Model sparsity allowed for covariate interpretation through partial effects plots. Prediction intervals were computed by model-based bootstrapping for ECEC. The predictive performance of the fitted geoGAM, tested with independent validation data and specific skill scores for continuous, binary and ordinal responses, compared well with other studies that modelled similar soil properties. Skill score (SS) values of 0.23 to 0.53 (with SS = 1 for perfect predictions and SS = 0 for zero explained variance) were achieved depending on the response and type of score. GeoGAM combines efficient model building from large sets of covariates with effects that are easy to interpret and therefore likely raises the acceptance of DSM products by end-users.
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Syrnicka, Krystyna. "„Góra szczęścia” Jonasa Biliũnasa." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 10 (May 25, 2017): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.10.6.

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Jonas Biliūnas’ “Mountain of Happiness” The oeuvre of Jonas Biliūnas 1879–1907 marks the birth of Lithuanian lyrical psychological prose, which was influenced by the modernist ideas of relativism. His works brought into the Lithuanian canon of realist story the motifs of transitoriness of human existence, fragility of life, sadness. Biliūnas was the first Lithuanian writer who was professionally prepared for his trade. He studied literature and related disciplines at universities in Switzerland, which gradually became a centre of Lithuanian intelligentsia already in the 19th century. The short stories written at that time indicated the writer’s maturing talent. The Alps played asignificant role in Biliūnas’ life; this is where in 1904–1907 he wrote his best works, three of which are thematically associated with the mountains: the literary sketch Fine Weather on the Uetliberg Ant Uetlibergo giedra!, the short story Snowstorm in the Mountains Pūga kalnuose and the allegorical tale The Beacon of Happiness Laimės žiburys — one of the most important works written in Zurich. A serious illness prevented the writer from fully developing his talent. On 8 December 1907 he died at the age of 28 in his wife’s arms in asanatorium in Zakopane. He was buried in Pęksowy Brzysk. Thanks to the efforts of the Lithuanian writer Antanas Vienuolis Biliūnas’ remains were brought back to Lithuania, where he was laid to rest on ahill in Liudiškiai, near Anykščiai. In 1958 a monument called “Beacon of happiness” was erected on Biliūnas’ grave. The hill with the mo­nument became asymbol the meaning of which is expressed in the tale The Beacon of Happiness. Today some people climb the hill to honour the writer’s memory, while others — believing in its sacred nature — hope that it will bring them happiness.
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Gramatzki, Dorothee, James Louis Rogers, Marian Christoph Neidert, Caroline Hertler, Emilie Le Rhun, Patrick Roth, and Michael Weller. "Antidepressant drug use in glioblastoma patients: an epidemiological view." Neuro-Oncology Practice 7, no. 5 (April 25, 2020): 514–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npaa022.

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Abstract Background Antidepressant drugs have shown antitumor activity in preclinical glioblastoma studies. Antidepressant drug use, as well as its association with survival, in glioblastoma patients has not been well characterized on a population level. Methods Patient characteristics, including the frequency of antidepressant drug use, were assessed in a glioblastoma cohort diagnosed in a 10-year time frame between 2005 and 2014 in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied for multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate overall survival (OS) data and the log-rank test was performed for comparisons. Results A total of 404 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma were included in this study. Sixty-five patients (16.1%) took antidepressant drugs at some point during the disease course. Patients were most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors at any time (N = 46, 70.8%). Nineteen patients (29.2%) were on antidepressant drugs at the time of their tumor diagnosis. No differences were observed in OS between those patients who had taken antidepressants at some point in their disease course and those who had not (P = .356). These data were confirmed in a multivariate analysis including age, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), sex, extent of resection, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and first-line treatment as cofounders (P = .315). Also, there was no association of use of drugs modulating voltage-dependent potassium channels (citalopram; escitalopram) with survival (P = .639). Conclusions This signal-seeking study does not support the hypothesis that antidepressants have antitumor efficacy in glioblastoma on a population level.
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48

Gramatzki, Dorothee, James Rogers, Marian Neidert, Caroline Hertler, Emilie Le Rhun, Patrick Roth, and Michael Weller. "EPID-36. ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG USE IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL VIEW." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (November 2020): ii86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.354.

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Abstract PURPOSE Antidepressant drugs have shown anti-tumor activity in preclinical glioblastoma studies. Antidepressant drug use, as well as its association with survival, in glioblastoma patients has not been well characterized on a population level. METHODS Patient characteristics, including the frequency of antidepressant drug use, were assessed in a glioblastoma cohort diagnosed in a 10-year time-frame between 2005 and 2014 in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied for multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate overall survival data and the log-rank test was performed for comparisons. RESULTS Four hundred four patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype glioblastoma were included in this study. Sixty-five patients (16.1%) took antidepressant drugs at some point during the disease course. Patients were most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors at any time (N=46, 70.8%). Nineteen patients (29.2%) were on antidepressant drugs at the time of their tumor diagnosis. No differences were observed in overall survival between those patients who had taken antidepressants at some point in their disease course and those who had not (p=0.356). These data were confirmed in a multivariate analysis including age, Karnofsky performance status, gender, extent of resection, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and first-line treatment as cofounders (p=0.315). Also, there was no association of use of drugs modulating voltage-dependent potassium channels (citalopram; escitalopram) with survival (p=0.639). CONCLUSIONS This signal-seeking study does not support the hypothesis that antidepressants have antitumor efficacy in glioblastoma on a population level.
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49

Gagesch, Michael, Karin Edler, Patricia O. Chocano-Bedoya, Lauren A. Abderhalden, Laurence Seematter-Bagnoud, Tobias Meyer, Dominic Bertschi, et al. "Swiss Frailty Network and Repository: protocol of a Swiss Personalized Health Network’s driver project observational study." BMJ Open 11, no. 7 (July 2021): e047429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047429.

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IntroductionEarly identification of frailty by clinical instruments or accumulation of deficit indexes can contribute to improve healthcare for older adults, including the prevention of negative outcomes in acute care. However, conflicting evidence exists on how to best capture frailty in this setting. Simultaneously, the increasing utilisation of electronic health records (EHRs) opens up new possibilities for research and patient care, including frailty.Methods and analysisThe Swiss Frailty Network and Repository (SFNR) primarily aims to develop an electronic Frailty Index (eFI) from routinely available EHR data in order to investigate its predictive value against length of stay and in-hospital mortality as two important clinical outcomes in a study sample of 1000–1500 hospital patients aged 65 years and older. In addition, we will examine the correlation between the eFI and a test-based clinical Frailty Instrument to compare both concepts in Swiss older adults in acute care settings. As a Swiss Personalized Health Network (SPHN) driver project, our study will report on the characteristics and usability of the first nationwide eFI in Switzerland connecting all five Swiss University Hospitals’ Geriatric Departments with a representative sample of patients aged 65 years and older admitted to acute care.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the competent ethics committee of the Canton of Zurich (BASEC-ID 2019-00445). All acquired data will be handled according to SPHN’s ethical framework for responsible data processing in personalised health research. Analyses will be performed within the secure BioMedIT environment, a national infrastructure to enable secure biomedical data processing, an integral part of SPHN.Trial registration numberNCT04516642.
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50

Menges, Dominik, Tala Ballouz, Alexia Anagnostopoulos, Hélène E. Aschmann, Anja Domenghino, Jan S. Fehr, and Milo A. Puhan. "Burden of post-COVID-19 syndrome and implications for healthcare service planning: A population-based cohort study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): e0254523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254523.

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Background Longer-term consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection are becoming an important burden to societies and healthcare systems. Data on post-COVID-19 syndrome in the general population are required for the timely planning of healthcare services and resources. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of impaired health status and physical and mental health symptoms among individuals at least six months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to characterize their healthcare utilization. Methods This population-based prospective cohort study (Zurich SARS-CoV-2 Cohort) enrolled 431 adults from the general population with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection reported to health authorities between 27 February 2020 and 05 August 2020 in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. We evaluated the proportion of individuals reporting not to have fully recovered since SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the proportion reporting fatigue (Fatigue Assessment Scale), dyspnea (mMRC dyspnea scale) or depression (DASS-21) at six to eight months after diagnosis. Furthermore, the proportion of individuals with at least one healthcare contact after their acute illness was evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with these main outcomes. Results Symptoms were present in 385 (89%) participants at diagnosis and 81 (19%) were initially hospitalized. At six to eight months, 111 (26%) reported not having fully recovered. 233 (55%) participants reported symptoms of fatigue, 96 (25%) had at least grade 1 dyspnea, and 111 (26%) had DASS-21 scores indicating symptoms of depression. 170 (40%) participants reported at least one general practitioner visit related to COVID-19 after acute illness, and 10% (8/81) of initially hospitalized individuals were rehospitalized. Individuals that have not fully recovered or suffer from fatigue, dyspnea or depression were more likely to have further healthcare contacts. However, a third of individuals (37/111) that have not fully recovered did not seek further care. Conclusions In this population-based study, a relevant proportion of participants suffered from longer-term consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection. With millions infected across the world, our findings emphasize the need for the timely planning of resources and patient-centered services for post-COVID-19 care.
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