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1

KOVALEVSKY, VLADIMIR. "CURVATURE IN DIGITAL 2D IMAGES." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 15, no. 07 (2001): 1183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001401001283.

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The paper presents an analysis of sources of errors when estimating derivatives of numerical or noisy functions. A method of minimizing the errors is suggested. When being applied to the estimation of the curvature of digital curves, the analysis shows that under the conditions typical for digital image processing the curvature can rarely be estimated with a precision higher than 50%. Ways of overcoming the difficulties are discussed and a new method for estimating the curvature is suggested and investigated as to its precision. The method is based on specifying boundaries of regions in gray v
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2

Kohnen, James B. "Images of Organization. 2d ed." Quality Management Journal 5, no. 2 (1998): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10686967.1998.11918859.

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3

Kaczmarek, K., B. Walczak, S. de Jong, and B. G. M. Vandeginste. "Matching 2D Gel Electrophoresis Images." Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences 43, no. 3 (2003): 978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci0256337.

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4

Holzleitner, Iris J., Alex L. Jones, Kieran J. O’Shea, et al. "Do 3D Face Images Capture Cues of Strength, Weight, and Height Better than 2D Face Images do?" Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology 7, no. 3 (2021): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40750-021-00170-8.

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Abstract Objectives A large literature exists investigating the extent to which physical characteristics (e.g., strength, weight, and height) can be accurately assessed from face images. While most of these studies have employed two-dimensional (2D) face images as stimuli, some recent studies have used three-dimensional (3D) face images because they may contain cues not visible in 2D face images. As equipment required for 3D face images is considerably more expensive than that required for 2D face images, we here investigated how perceptual ratings of physical characteristics from 2D and 3D fa
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5

Wang, Yong Sheng. "Fast 3D Human Face Modeling Method Based on Multiple View 2D Images." Applied Mechanics and Materials 273 (January 2013): 796–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.273.796.

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This paper presents a novel approach to model 3D human face from multiple view 2D images in a fast mode. Our proposed method mainly includes three steps: 1) Face Recognition from 2D images, 2) Converting 2D images to 3D images, 3) Modeling 3D human face. To extract visual features of both 2D and 3D images, visual features adopted in 3D are described by Point Signature, and visual features utilized in 2D is represented by Gabor filter responses. Afterwards, 3D model is obtained by combining multiple view 2D images through calculating projections vector and translation vector. Experimental resul
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6

Logadottir, A., S. Korreman, and P. M. Petersen. "COMPARISON OF PROSTATE LOCALIZATION WITH 2D-2D AND 3D IMAGES." Radiotherapy and Oncology 92 (August 2009): S179—S180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73061-x.

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7

Xu, Yefeng, Ruili Jiao, Qiubai Li, and Minsong Huang. "Classification of Cloud Particle Habits Using Transfer Learning with a Deep Convolutional Neural Network." Atmosphere 16, no. 3 (2025): 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16030294.

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The habits of cloud particles are a significant factor impacting microphysical processes in clouds. The accurate identification of cloud particle shapes within clouds is a fundamental requirement for calculating various cloud microphysical parameters. In this study, we established a cloud particle image dataset encompassing nine distinct habit categories, totaling 8100 images. These images were captured using three probes with varying resolutions: the Cloud Particle Imager (CPI), the Two-Dimensional Stereo Probe (2D-S), and the High-Volume Precipitation Spectrometer (HVPS). Furthermore, this s
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8

Yahanda, Alexander T., Timothy J. Goble, Peter T. Sylvester, et al. "Impact of 3-Dimensional Versus 2-Dimensional Image Distortion Correction on Stereotactic Neurosurgical Navigation Image Fusion Reliability for Images Acquired With Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 5 (2020): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa152.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Fusion of preoperative and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) studies during stereotactic navigation may be very useful for procedures such as tumor resections but can be subject to error because of image distortion. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of 3-dimensional (3D) vs 2-dimensional (2D) image distortion correction on the accuracy of auto-merge image fusion for stereotactic neurosurgical images acquired with iMRI using a head phantom in different surgical positions. METHODS T1-weighted intraoperative images of the head phantom were obtained using 1.5T iMRI.
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9

Takeuchi, Hironori, Kenji Matsuura, Tetsushi Ueta, and Tomohito Wada. "Development of a Support System for Recalling 3D Vision from a 2D Plane." Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia 32, no. 1 (2025): 5–34. https://doi.org/10.70725/014177zoxurj.

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Basketball tactical patterns are typically taught using tools such as 2D tactical boards. Rapid decision-making in a team depends on the ability to connect two-dimensional (2D) third-person positions with three-dimensional (3D) first-person perspectives. This study develops a support system that offers a virtual environment to enhance the efficient recall of 3D vision from a 2D board. The proposed system generates static or dynamic 3D visualizations based on 2D inputs. A total of 30 volunteers participated in this study and were randomly assigned to groups that received either 2D images, stati
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10

Kovalev, S. V., S. M. Nesterov, and I. A. Skorodumov. "2D radar images of template objects." Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics 56, no. 2 (2011): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064226911020082.

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11

Amir, Amihood, Gad M. Landau, and Dina Sokol. "Inplace 2D matching in compressed images." Journal of Algorithms 49, no. 2 (2003): 240–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-6774(03)00088-9.

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12

Hirano, Daisuke, Yusuke Funayama, and Takashi Maekawa. "3D Shape Reconstruction from 2D Images." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 6, no. 5 (2009): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3722/cadaps.2009.701-710.

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13

Lu, Shao-Ping, Sibo Feng, Beerend Ceulemans, Miao Wang, Rui Zhong, and Adrian Munteanu. "Multiview conversion of 2D cartoon images." Communications in Information and Systems 16, no. 4 (2016): 229–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cis.2016.v16.n4.a2.

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14

Szymczyk, Piotr. "Obtaining 3D information from 2D images." ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA 1, no. 6 (2014): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/ele-2014-041.

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15

Yang, Chuan-Kai, and Chia-Ning Kuo. "Automatic hair extraction from 2D images." Multimedia Tools and Applications 75, no. 8 (2015): 4441–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-015-2483-y.

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16

Brownhill, Daniel, Yachin Chen, Barbara A. K. Kreilkamp, et al. "Automated subcortical volume estimation from 2D MRI in epilepsy and implications for clinical trials." Neuroradiology 64, no. 5 (2021): 935–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00234-021-02811-x.

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Abstract Purpose Most techniques used for automatic segmentation of subcortical brain regions are developed for three-dimensional (3D) MR images. MRIs obtained in non-specialist hospitals may be non-isotropic and two-dimensional (2D). Automatic segmentation of 2D images may be challenging and represents a lost opportunity to perform quantitative image analysis. We determine the performance of a modified subcortical segmentation technique applied to 2D images in patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE). Methods Volume estimates were derived from 2D (0.4 × 0.4 × 3 mm) and 3D (1 × 1x1m
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17

Jiao, Yuzhong, Kayton Wai Keung Cheung, Mark Ping Chan Mok, and Yiu Kei Li. "Spatial Distance-based Interpolation Algorithm for Computer Generated 2D+Z Images." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 2 (2020): 140–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.2.sda-140.

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Computer generated 2D plus Depth (2D+Z) images are common input data for 3D display with depth image-based rendering (DIBR) technique. Due to their simplicity, linear interpolation methods are usually used to convert low-resolution images into high-resolution images for not only depth maps but also 2D RGB images. However linear methods suffer from zigzag artifacts in both depth map and RGB images, which severely affects the 3D visual experience. In this paper, spatial distance-based interpolation algorithm for computer generated 2D+Z images is proposed. The method interpolates RGB images with
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18

Sakashita, Reiko, Kaoru Takizawa, Fuminori Matsuura, Nobuyuki Fujisawa, and Fujie Kondo. "Differences between Impressions of Anaglyph Stereo Images and 2D Images." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 25, Supplement2 (2005): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.25.supplement2_349.

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19

Abousalem, Zib ziab. "3D from 2D for Nano images using images processing methods." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 2 (2014): 5437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i2.2064.

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The scanning electron microscope (SEM) remains a main tool for semiconductor and polymer physics but TEM and AFM are increasingly used for minimum size features which called nanomaterials. In addition some physical properties such as microhardness, grain boundaries and domain structure are observed from optical and polarizing microscope which gives poor information and consequentially the error probability of discussion will be high.Thus it is natural to squeeze out every possible bit of resolution in the SEM, optical and polarizing microscopes for the materials under test. In our paper we wil
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20

Abousalem, Zib ziab. "3D from 2D for Nano images using images processing methods." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 2 (2014): 5437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i2.2065.

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The scanning electron microscope (SEM) remains a main tool for semiconductor and polymer physics but TEM and AFM are increasingly used for minimum size features which called nanomaterials. In addition some physical properties such as microhardness, grain boundaries and domain structure are observed from optical and polarizing microscope which gives poor information and consequentially the error probability of discussion will be high. Thus it is natural to squeeze out every possible bit of resolution in the SEM, optical and polarizing microscopes for the materials under test. In our paper we wi
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21

Ding, Y., S. H. Patel, J. Holmes, et al. "Patient-specific 3D CT Images Reconstruction from 2D KV Images." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 118, no. 5 (2024): e68-e69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.01.153.

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22

Mario, Julia, Shambhavi Venkataraman, Valerie Fein-Zachary, Mark Knox, Alexander Brook, and Priscilla Slanetz. "Lumpectomy Specimen Radiography: Does Orientation or 3-Dimensional Tomosynthesis Improve Margin Assessment?" Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 70, no. 3 (2019): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2019.03.005.

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Purpose Our purpose was twofold. First, we sought to determine whether 2 orthogonal oriented views of excised breast cancer specimens could improve surgical margin assessment compared to a single unoriented view. Second, we sought to determine whether 3D tomosynthesis could improve surgical margin assessment compared to 2D mammography alone. Materials and Methods Forty-one consecutive specimens were prospectively imaged using 4 protocols: single view unoriented 2D image acquired on a specimen unit (1VSU), 2 orthogonal oriented 2D images acquired on the specimen unit (2VSU), 2 orthogonal orient
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23

Kiyosue, Hiro, Mika Okahara, Shuichi Tanoue, Takaharu Nakamura, Hirofumi Nagatomi, and Hiromu Mori. "Detection of the Residual Lumen of Intracranial Aneurysms Immediately after Coil Embolization by Three-dimensional Digital Subtraction Angiographic Virtual Endoscopic Imaging." Neurosurgery 50, no. 3 (2002): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200203000-00008.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE: Detection of a small residual lumen after coil embolization is often difficult because of the coil mass and the overlap of the cerebral arteries. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of virtual endoscopic (VE) analysis of three-dimensional digital subtraction angiographic (DSA) images for evaluation of aneurysmal occlusion immediately after the procedure. METHODS: Twenty-seven intracranial aneurysms were treated with coil embolization using a three-dimensional DSA system. Biplane and rotational DSA scanning was performed before and immediately after the pr
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24

Nomura, Kosuke, Mitsuru Kaise, Daisuke Kikuchi, et al. "Recognition Accuracy Using 3D Endoscopic Images for Superficial Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Crossover Study." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4561468.

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Aim. To determine whether 3D endoscopic images improved recognition accuracy for superficial gastrointestinal cancer compared with 2D images.Methods. We created an image catalog using 2D and 3D images of 20 specimens resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection. The twelve participants were allocated into two groups. Group 1 evaluated only 2D images at first, group 2 evaluated 3D images, and, after an interval of 2 weeks, group 1 next evaluated 3D and group 2 evaluated 2D images. The evaluation items were as follows: (1) diagnostic accuracy of the tumor extent and (2) confidence levels in asse
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25

Chen, Zhengrui, Liying Lu, Ziyang Yuan, et al. "Blind Face Restoration under Extreme Conditions: Leveraging 3D-2D Prior Fusion for Superior Structural and Texture Recovery." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 2 (2024): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i2.27889.

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Blind face restoration under extreme conditions involves reconstructing high-quality face images from severely degraded inputs. These input images are often in poor quality and have extreme facial poses, leading to errors in facial structure and unnatural artifacts within the restored images. In this paper, we show that utilizing 3D priors effectively compensates for structure knowledge deficiencies in 2D priors while preserving the texture details. Based on this, we introduce FREx (Face Restoration under Extreme conditions) that combines structure-accurate 3D priors and texture-rich 2D priors
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26

Zheng, Lin, Wang Chenghao, Li Zichao, Wang Zhuoyue, Liu Xinqi, and Zhu Yue. "Neural Radiance Fields Convert 2D to 3D Texture." Applied Science and Biotechnology Journal for Advanced Research 3, no. 3 (2024): 40–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12200107.

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The objective of our project is to capture pictures or videos by surrounding a circle of objects, such as chairs, tables, cars, and more.[1]Utilizing advanced 3D reconstruction technology, we aim to generate 3D models of these captured objects. Post reconstruction, these 3D models can be edited through an intuitive interface, enabling users to apply different textures and make other modifications. This project has significant applications in various domains such as home decoration, vehicle customization, and beyond. For the 3D reconstruction in this project, we employed Nvidia's latest ngp-ins
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27

Tsalafoutas, Ioannis A., Angeliki C. Epistatou, and Konstantinos K. Delibasis. "Image Quality Comparison between Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Images and 2D Mammographic Images Using the CDMAM Test Object." Journal of Imaging 8, no. 8 (2022): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8080223.

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To evaluate the image quality (IQ) of synthesized two-dimensional (s2D) and tomographic layer (TL) mammographic images in comparison to the 2D digital mammographic images produced with a new digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) system. Methods: The CDMAM test object was used for IQ evaluation of actual 2D images, s2D and TL images, acquired using all available acquisition modes. Evaluation was performed automatically using the commercial software that accompanied CDMAM. Results: The IQ scores of the TLs with the in-focus CDMAM were comparable, although usually inferior to those of 2D images acqu
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28

Zhang, Hanqing, Yun Lin, Fei Teng, Shanshan Feng, Bing Yang, and Wen Hong. "Circular SAR Incoherent 3D Imaging with a NeRF-Inspired Method." Remote Sensing 15, no. 13 (2023): 3322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15133322.

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Circular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR) has the potential to form 3D images with single-pass single-channel radar data, which is very time-efficient. This article proposes a volumetric neural renderer that utilizes CSAR 2D amplitude images to reconstruct the 3D power distribution of the imaged scene. The innovations are two-fold: Firstly, we propose a new SAR amplitude image formation model that establishes a linear mapping relationship between multi-look amplitude-squared SAR images and a real-valued 4D (spatial location (x, y, z) and azimuth angle θ) radar scattered field. Secondly, incorpo
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29

Sun, Haoran. "A Review of 3D-2D Registration Methods and Applications based on Medical Images." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 35 (April 11, 2023): 200–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v35i.7055.

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The registration of preoperative three-dimensional (3D) medical images with intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) data is a key technology for image-guided radiotherapy, minimally invasive surgery, and interventional procedures. In this paper, we review 3D-2D registration methods using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as preoperative 3D images and ultrasound, X-ray, and visible light images as intraoperative 2D images. The 3D-2D registration techniques are classified into intensity-based, structure-based, and gradient-based according to the different registration fea
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30

Garcia, R. L., P. N. Happ, and R. Q. Feitosa. "LARGE SCALE SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS TO FACILITATE CORROSION MANAGEMENT." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-465-2021.

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Abstract. This paper reports the results of a study that aims to develop semi-automatic methods for assessing the degree of corrosion in industrial plant. We evaluated two fully convolutional networks (U-Net and DeepLab v3 +) to segment corroded areas in panoramic images of offshore platforms. The experimental analysis was based on two datasets built for this study. The datasets comprise 9,112 2D images and 3,732 panoramic images. Both FCNs trained on 2D images were tested on 2D images and cubic projections of panoramic images. In addition to pointing out encouraging results, the experiments i
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31

RASHWAN, SHAMS, AMANY SARHAN, MUHAMMAD TALAAT FAHEEM, and BAYUMY A. YOUSSEF. "AUTOMATIC PROTEIN SPOTS QUANTIFICATION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL GEL IMAGES." Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis 03, no. 03 (2011): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793536911000726.

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Two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins is a robust and reproducible technique. It is the most widely used separation tool in proteomics. Current efforts in the field are directed at development of tools for expanding the range of proteins accessible with 2D gels. Proteomics was built around the 2D gel. The idea that multiple proteins can be analyzed in parallel grew from 2D gel maps. Proteomics researchers needed to identify interested protein spots by examining the gel. This is time-consuming, labor-extensive, and error-prone process. It is desired that the comput
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32

Zamora, Natalia, Jose M. Llamas, Rosa Cibrián, Jose L. Gandia, and Vanessa Paredes. "Cephalometric measurements from 3D reconstructed images compared with conventional 2D images." Angle Orthodontist 81, no. 5 (2011): 856–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/121210-717.1.

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Abstract Objective: To assess whether the values of different measurements taken on three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are comparable with those taken on two-dimensional (2D) images from conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs) and to examine if there are differences between the different types of CBCT software when taking those measurements. Material and Methods: Eight patients were selected who had both an LRC and a CBCT. The 3D reconstructions of each patient in the CBCT were evaluated using two different software packages, NemoCeph
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33

Gircys, Michael, and Brian J. Ross. "Image Evolution Using 2D Power Spectra." Complexity 2019 (January 2, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7293193.

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Procedurally generated images and textures have been widely explored in evolutionary art. One active research direction in the field is the discovery of suitable heuristics for measuring perceived characteristics of evolved images. This is important in order to help influence the nature of evolved images and thereby evolve more meaningful and pleasing art. In this regard, particular challenges exist for quantifying aspects of style and shape. In an attempt to bridge the divide between computer vision and cognitive perception, we propose the use of measures related to image spatial frequencies.
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34

Park, Minsoo, Hang-Nga Mai, Mai Yen Mai, Thaw Thaw Win, Du-Hyeong Lee, and Cheong-Hee Lee. "Intra- and Interrater Agreement of Face Esthetic Analysis in 3D Face Images." BioMed Research International 2023 (April 10, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3717442.

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The use of three-dimensional (3D) facial scans for facial analysis is increasing in maxillofacial treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the consistency of two-dimensional (2D) and 3D facial analyses performed by multiple raters. Six men and four women (25–36-year-old) participated in this study. The 2D images of the smiling and resting faces in the frontal and sagittal planes were obtained. The 3D facial and intraoral scans were merged to generate virtual 3D faces. Ten clinicians performed facial analyses by investigating 14 indices of 2D and 3D faces. Intra- and interrater agree
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35

Falah .K, Rasha, and Rafeef Mohammed .H. "Convert 2D shapes in to 3D images." Journal of Al-Qadisiyah for computer science and mathematics 9, no. 2 (2017): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29304/jqcm.2017.9.2.146.

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There are several complex programs that using for convert 2D images to 3D models with difficult techniques. In this paper ,it will be introduce a useful technique and using simple Possibilities and language for converting 2D to 3D images. The technique would be used; a three-dimensional projection using three images for the same shape and display three dimensional image from different side and to implement the particular work, visual programming with 3Dtruevision engine would be used, where its given acceptable result with shorting time. And it could be used in the field of engineering drawing
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36

Winz, M. L., K. Rohr, and S. Wörz. "Geometric Alignment of 2D Gel Electrophoresis Images." Methods of Information in Medicine 48, no. 04 (2009): 320–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me9229.

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Summary Objectives: 2D gel electrophoresis (2-DE) is the method of choice for analyzing protein expression in the field of proteomics, for example, comparing a reference with a test population. However, due to complex physical and chemical processes the locations of proteins generally vary in different 2-DE images. To cope with these variations, accurate geometric alignment of 2-DE images is important. Methods: We introduce a new elastic registration approach for 2-DE images, which is based on an analytic solution of the Navier equation using Gaussian elastic body splines (GEBS). With this app
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37

Winnemöller, H., A. Orzan, L. Boissieux, and J. Thollot. "Texture Design and Draping in 2D Images." Computer Graphics Forum 28, no. 4 (2009): 1091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01486.x.

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38

Leandro, J. J. G., R. M. Cesar-Jr, and L. da F. Costa. "Automatic contour extraction from 2D neuron images." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 177, no. 2 (2009): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.10.037.

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39

Ladak, Hanif M., Fei Mao, Yunqiu Wang, Dónal B. Downey, David A. Steinman, and Aaron Fenster. "Prostate boundary segmentation from 2D ultrasound images." Medical Physics 27, no. 8 (2000): 1777–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1286722.

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40

Lambooij, Marc, Wijnand IJsselsteijn, Don G. Bouwhuis, and Ingrid Heynderickx. "Evaluation of Stereoscopic Images: Beyond 2D Quality." IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting 57, no. 2 (2011): 432–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2011.2134590.

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41

Anton, François, Darka Mioc, and Alain Fournier. "Reconstructing 2D images with natural neighbour interpolation." Visual Computer 17, no. 3 (2001): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00013404.

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42

Lin, Yueh-Ling, and Mao-Jiun J. Wang. "Automated body feature extraction from 2D images." Expert Systems with Applications 38, no. 3 (2011): 2585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.08.048.

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43

Kim, Jeong Joo. "Capturing 3D macromolecule structure in 2D images." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 48, no. 3 (2023): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2023.01.002.

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44

Takahata, Tomoyuki. "Coaxiality Evaluation of Coaxial Imaging System with Concentric Silicon–Glass Hybrid Lens for Thermal and Color Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205753.

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Thermal imaging is useful for tasks such as detecting the presence of humans and recognizing surrounding objects in the operation of several types of robots, including service robots and personal mobility robots, which assist humans. Because the number of pixels on a thermal imager is generally smaller than that on a color imager, thermal images are more useful when combined with color images, assuming that the correspondence between points in the images captured by the two sensors is known. In the literature, several types of coaxial imaging systems have been reported that can capture thermal
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45

Kim, Tae Heon, Yoon Jae Kim, and Hyun Soo Ko. "A Study on the Comparison of Quantitative Evaluation of Uptake Ratio in 2D Planar and Auto Lung 3D Images Using SPECT/CT in Pulmonary Ventilation/Perfusion Scan." Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology 28, no. 2 (2024): 131–42. https://doi.org/10.12972/kjnmt.20240018.

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Purpose: The pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scan is used to detect pulmonary embolism before transplantation and to evaluate lung function after transplantation. Pulmonary scans can be performed using two methods: 2D planar imaging and 3D SPECT. In the case of 2D imaging, there are inherent limitations due to the overlap of anatomical lobes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the uptake ratio results between two methods: the traditional approach using 2D images to classify the lungs into three equal regions of interest (ROI) and the method using 3D SPECT/CT images with Siemens Syng
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46

Jeong, Jae-Hoon, and Ji-Hyun Ryu. "Development of a Body Size Measuring Process Utilizing 2D Images." Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles 33, no. 12 (2009): 1853–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5850/jksct.2009.33.12.1853.

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47

Visutsak, Porawat, Xiabi Liu, Chalothon Choothong, and Fuangfar Pensiri. "SIFT-Based Depth Estimation for Accurate 3D Reconstruction in Cultural Heritage Preservation." Applied System Innovation 8, no. 2 (2025): 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/asi8020043.

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This paper describes a proposed method for preserving tangible cultural heritage by reconstructing a 3D model of cultural heritage using 2D captured images. The input data represent a set of multiple 2D images captured using different views around the object. An image registration technique is applied to configure the overlapping images with the depth of images computed to construct the 3D model. The automatic 3D reconstruction system consists of three steps: (1) Image registration for managing the overlapping of 2D input images; (2) Depth computation for managing image orientation and calibra
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48

Srisutthiyakorn, Nattavadee, Sander Hunter, Rituparna Sarker, Ronny Hofmann, and Irene Espejo. "Predicting elastic properties and permeability of rocks from 2D thin sections." Leading Edge 37, no. 6 (2018): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle37060421.1.

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Predicting rock elastic properties and permeability from high-resolution 2D thin sections has been a challenging problem in rock physics because the 2D thin sections reveal very little about how the microstructure connects in the third dimension. However, 2D thin sections are widely available and inexpensive because they are often produced as a part of the reservoir-quality workflow. Furthermore, they have much higher resolution and greater field of view than micro X-ray computed tomography images, which are commonly used for rock properties estimation. The 2D thin sections we studied are from
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49

Esan, Dorcas Oladayo, Pius Adewale Owolawi, and Chunling Tu. "Advanced 3D Artistic Image Generation with VAE-SDFCycleGAN." Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 6, no. 4 (2024): 2508–24. https://doi.org/10.51519/journalisi.v6i4.900.

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Generation of a 3-dimensional (3D)-based artistic image from a 2-dimensional (2D) image using a generative adversarial network (GAN) framework is challenging. Most existing artistic GAN-based frameworks lack robust algorithms lack suitable 3D data representations that can fit into GAN to produce high-quality 3D artistic images. To produce 3D artistic images from 2D image that considerably improves scalability and visual quality, this research integrates innovative variational autoencoder signed distance function, cycle generative adversarial network (VAE-SDFCycleGAN). The proposed method feeds
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50

Kim, Hyungsuk, Chang Hyun Yoo, Soo Bin Park, and Hyun Seok Song. "Difference in glenoid retroversion between two-dimensional axial computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstructed images." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 23, no. 2 (2020): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2020.00122.

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Background: The glenoid version of the shoulder joint correlates with the stability of the glenohumeral joint and the clinical results of total shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to analyze and compare the glenoid version measured by traditional axial two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images at different levels.Methods: A total of 30 cases, including 15 male and 15 female patients, who underwent 3D shoulder CT imaging was randomly selected and matched by sex consecutively at one hospital. The angular difference between the scapular body axis a
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