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Jonsson, Gustav y Linn Ståhl. "Bilders påverkan på ett företags varumärke". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10439.
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Användningen av sociala medier för att framföra budskap i form av bilder, fortsätter att ökavarje år. Foton anses kunna förmedla ett kraftfullare meddelande och på en mindre yta,jämfört med text. Dock är det svårare att exakt kunna precisera hur bilder som publicerasuppfattas av mottagarna, då varje person gör sin egna fria tolkning. Enligt Aakers teorierpåverkar allt som sänds ut från ett företag dess varumärke, vilket gör det svårt att bestämmavilka bilder som egentligen bör användas. I ett försök att koppla ihop bild, sändare, mottagareoch varumärke har två restauranger samt tio deltagare intervjuats. Den empiriska data syftadetill att upptäcka hur restaurangerna använder sig av Instagram och vad tanken är bakom varjepublicerad bild. Detta jämfördes sedan med mottagarnas syn på bilderna och hur dettapåverkade restaurangens varumärkeskapital. Resultatet visade att en mängd olika orsakerpåverkar mottagarens perception av publicerade bilder. I många avseenden lyckasbildkommunikationen mellan sändare och mottagare, men specifika punkter gällande bildersutformning, motiv och känsla bör tas i åtanke. Den slutgiltiga analysen bidrar till en djupareförståelse för sambandet mellan bilder och hur det påverkar varumärket.The use of social media to convey information in the form of images, continues to increaseevery year. Images are considered to deliver powerful messages, and on a smaller areacompared to text. However, it is difficult to precisely define how recipients perceivepublished images, as each person makes their own interpretation. According to the theories byAaker, everything that is broadcasted from a company affects its brand, making it difficult todetermine which images that should be used. In an attempt to connect the link between theimage, transmitters, receivers, and the brand, two restaurants and ten participants has beeninterviewed. The empirical data aimed to discover how restaurants use Instagram and the ideabehind each published image. This was then compared with the recipients' opinions regardingthe photos and how it affected the restaurant's brand equity. The result showed that a varietyof reasons affected the recipient's perception of published images. In many cases, the imagecommunication between the transmitter and the receiver works as intended, but specificreasons regarding the design, motives and feel of the images should be considered. The finalanalysis will contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between images and howit affects the brand.This thesis is written in Swedish.
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Almerri, Rashed S. S. M. Alhaimer. "Exploring the role of celebrities' instagram accounts in changing the behaviour of consumers : case study of Kuwait". Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16218.
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This study explores the credibility criteria and brand personality of celebrities' Instagram accounts within the context of Kuwait. In order to explore this issue, this study adopts Ohanian's (1990) model and Aakar's (1997) model for studying credibility criteria and brand personality; respectively. Regarding methodology, primary data were collected through focus groups and interviews with fans and Small Medium Enterprises' managers who follow celebrities' accounts. Furthermore, secondary data were carried out by approaching different corporate websites specialising in social media celebrities. The findings of this study indicate that there are distinctive taxonomies for the celebrities' accounts (i.e. sincerity, competence, sophisticated, excitement, and ruggedness). This is compatible with the Aaker's Model. Moreover, the findings indicate that followers of the Instagram accounts (i.e. SMEs and fans) are motivated by the attitudes and behaviour of the account holders who reflects Ohanian criteria of credibility (i.e. expertise, attractiveness, and trustworthiness). Regarding practical contribution, this study has developed a new model to investigate the potential relationships between ads produced by different celebrity accounts and the audience motivations to purchase. The main limitation of this study relates to the inability to generalise the findings without undermining their trustworthiness.
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Čalkovská, Eva. "Analýza hodnoty značky společnosti Student Agency". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191490.
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The thesis focuses on analysing brand value of the selected company using the model of customer-based brand equity. Theoretical part focuses on explaining the terms and methods of measuring brand value. The subsequent pratical part is dedicated to analysis of individual determinants and their impact on the overall brand value.
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Karlsson, Linnéa, Petra Nilsson y Malin Steen. "Varumärkespersonlighet- Den Emotionella Anknytningen mellan Besökare och Evenemang". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18094.
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I takt med upplevelseindustrins tillväxt, ökar även konkurrensen inom branschen. Evenemang som nöjesplattform konkurrerar direkt och indirekt med andra upplevelseinriktade verksamheter och behöver hitta nya sätt att få kundernas uppmärksamhet. Forskning visar hur kunder tenderar att agera mer emotionellt vid sina köp, något som många företag försöker bemöta. Produktproducerade företag har sedan långt tillbaka anammat varumärkespersonlighet som en del i marknadsstrategin för att kommunisera och personlighetsanknyta med kunder. Tidigare studier har visat att företag som väljer att personifiera sitt varumärke nått stor framgång på dess marknad. Ett evenemangs varumärke är desto svårare att kontrollera då många intressenter är involverade, vilket försvårar arbetet med att skapa tydliga kärnvärden som kommuniceras ut till kunden.Studies syfte är att bidra med förstålse samt utforska om Aakers Brand Personality Scale som skapats för att synliggöra produkters personligheter även går att tillämpa för evenemang. Den kvalitativa undersökningen utgår ifrån Aakers Brand Personality Scales variabler och genomförande datainsamling i form av en fokusgrupp med åtta deltagare. Under fokusgruppen diskuterades tre svenska musikrelaterade evenemang, som deltagarna fick välja personlighetsegenskaper för. Utifrån vår studie kom vi fram till att man kan identifiera evenemangs personligheter med karaktäristiska egenskaper som gör varje evenemang unikt. Valet av egenskaper baserades på 1) sina egna upplevelser eller via media och andras upplevelser, 2) associationen till helheten eller olika delar av evenemanget, så som scen, ljud/ljus, staden, platsen, miljön såväl som besökaren. Med förståelse om varför man väljer egenskaper som man gör, upptäcktes en viss problematik med att applicera Aakers Brand Personality Scale på evenemang. Med instinkt om varumärkespersonlighet kan man sammanföra de delar av evenemanget som arrangören har kontroll över, så att de kommunicerar en tydligare image. Exempelvis kan varumärkespersonlighet användas i marknadsföring vilket kan bidra till skapandet av starkare personlighetsanknytning med besökare. Problematiken uppstår kring de okontrollerbara komponenterna som påverkar besökarna och som arrangören inte har möjlighet att styra i samma utsträckning. Med sin varumärkespersonlighet synlig blir arrangören däremot medveten om hur de uppfattas. Man kan således ta ställning till om de kontrollerbara såväl som de okontrollerbara delarna har egenskaper man vill bygga vidare på eller arbeta med att förminska. För användning av modellen krävs viss modifiering samt en förståelse för att evenemangs varumärkespersonlighet inte är fullt kontrollerbar.
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Matos, Castro Diego Enrique, Gutierrez Leslie Zolim Oré y Carrillo Carla María Tejada. "Segmentación de los clientes de supermercados de Lima moderna según su valoración de la marca WONG a partir del modelo de Brand Equity de Aaker". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/15623.
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La presente investigación se realizó para dar explicación al desfavorable comportamiento
de las ventas de Supermercados Wong que, a pesar de contar con más de 30 años en el mercado,
se encuentra en desventaja frente a sus competidores. Considerando que la marca es la promesa
de una experiencia de parte de la empresa hacia el cliente, y que el valor de marca es el efecto
diferencial en la conducta del cliente como consecuencia de conocer la marca, se aborda la
problemática de la empresa a través de un enfoque de valor de marca. Es a partir de esta
experiencia que la persona experimenta un nivel de satisfacción que luego determina su lealtad
hacia la marca. A partir de esta idea, el valor de marca se comprende como el efecto diferencial
en la conducta del cliente, que es consecuencia directa de conocer la marca.
Si bien este concepto es validado por distintos autores, al desarrollarse dentro de la mente
de los clientes y consumidores no es posible aislar este factor y comprender qué proporción de la
conducta de estos es únicamente efecto directo del valor de marca. Por tal razón, fue necesario
utilizar un modelo de valor de marca que permita comprender este problema a través de distintas
dimensiones, las que a su vez se evidenciaban a través de variables observables.
El modelo seleccionado fue el de David Aaker, el cual divide al valor de marca en las
dimensiones de conciencia de marca, asociaciones, calidad percibida y lealtad. Este modelo, a su
vez, es desarrollado en una escala con variables observables por Yoo y Donthu; por lo cual, se
utilizó la escala desarrollada por estos autores para medir las dimensiones del modelo de David
Aaker. Así mismo, el modelo y la escala utilizados, si bien permitieron explicar el estado actual
del valor de la marca Wong, no eran capaces de dar explicación a estos resultados; por ello, los
investigadores adicionaron una segunda escala con dimensiones psicográficas para lograr un
mayor nivel de análisis al valor de la marca y el comportamiento de los clientes.
A partir de la valoración de la marca Wong se realizó un análisis de conglomerados para
segmentar a los clientes de supermercados de Lima moderna y comprender los factores
psicográficos que influyen en estos, que a su vez generaron el valor de marca que evidencian. De
esta manera, se obtuvieron conclusiones respecto a la muestra y a cada segmento encontrado para
finalmente ofrecer recomendaciones a la organización a partir de los resultados obtenidos.Tesis
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Merino, Martín Nelson Hernani. "Diferenças de percepção dos traços de personalidade da marca McDonald's e de valores mediante a utilização das escalas de Aaker (1997) e Rokeach (1973) : uma comparação entre consumidores brasileiros e peruanos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8931.
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Esta dissertação trata das percepções da personalidade de marca global e dos valores de consumidores de duas diferentes culturas, visando contribuir com pesquisadores e profissionais de marketing para o melhor entendimento de como uma marca global é percebida em contextos culturais diferentes. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou identificar as percepções da personalidade da marca McDonald’s e os valores por parte de consumidores brasileiros e peruanos, através das escalas de Personalidade da Marca de Aaker (1997) e de Valores de Rokeach (1973). Para tanto, a coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionário aplicado a estudantes universitários de ambos os países. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que existem importantes diferenças na percepção da personalidade da marca McDonald’s e dos valores dos consumidores no Brasil e no Peru. Além disso, também foram encontradas diferenças, em menor grau, entre as universidades de cada país. Por fim, sugestões para pesquisas futuras estão contempladas na dissertação.This work discusses about perceptions on global brand’s personality and consumers’ values attached to it of from the perspective of two different cultures. This analysis is a significant contribution to marketing researchers and professionals, as it adds empirical evidence to the understanding of how global brands are perceived in two different cultural contexts. Specifically, the objective of this project was to identify perceptions toward the McDonalds’ brand personality and consumer values of Brazilians and Peruvians through the application of the scales of Brand Personality of Aaker (1997) and Values of Rokeach – RVS (1973). The research, then, was undertaken trough an instrument of collection, applied to Brazilian and Peruvian students. Results show that there are relevant differences on McDonalds’ brand personality perception and values between Brazilian and Peruvian consumers. In addition less important differences were also found among students across different universities in-country. Finally, suggestions for future researches are contemplated in the work.
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Olsson, Karin. "Brand gap and the effect of country-of-origin : A consumer survey in Rhone-Alps". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-15465.
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Research questions: What are the brand images and brand identities of Renault Trucks, Novembal/Tetra Pak and IKEA? Is there a brand gap? How does country-of-origin have an effect on the perception of the brands? How does the respondent’s sex have an importance in the perception of the brand and the effect of country-of-origin? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe, compare and analyze the existence of brand gaps and the effect of country-of-origin with the final intention to provide management recommendations for the studied companies. Method: A quantitative consumer survey of 42 subjects was collected and analyzed. In addition, interviews were conducted with three Swedish companies, as well as an interview with the Swedish Chamber of Commerce in Lyon. Aaker’s (1997) Big Five model was used in the analysis. Conclusions: The study demonstrated the brand identities and brand images of the companies. A brand gap is widely present. Aaker’s (1997) model had to be modified and includes new dimensions and traits. Country-of-origin (COO) plays a role in 100% of the consumers’ perception and purchasing process. COO bias, ethnocentrism and animosity are present and play a role in the 42 consumers’ attitudes and purchase decisions in Rhone-Alps. Men and women have different attitudes and degree of ethnocentrism towards the effect of country-of-origin (COE).
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Shah, Aamer [Verfasser], Felix [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolf y Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "Capturing the impact of external interference on HPC application performance / Aamer Shah ; Felix Wolf, Matthias Müller". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215838581/34.
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Badiei, Farzaneh [Verfasser] y Anne van [Akademischer Betreuer] Aaken. "The Institutional Design of B2B Online Market Intermediaries’ Dispute Resolution: Its Promises and Pitfalls / Farzaneh Badiei ; Betreuer: Anne van Aaken". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124155449/34.
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Kuo, Yung sheng y 郭永盛. "Using Brand Identity Factors Build Customer-based Brand Equity-Aaker Honeycomb Viewpoint". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48873269461327955266.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
94
From the viewpoint of 「brand value chain」,「brand identity factors」are the role of strategical guide and the first step in the procedure of brand administration, which will effect the marketing mix project and the formulation for integrated brand communication project; but their final purpose is to set up a best「customer-based brand equity」。 Aaker(2004) improves the four factors of brand identification and brings up a high practical 「brand identity factors honeycomb model」as the tool of 「brand identity」. The honeycomb model is compounded by six factors which contain：「symbol」、「base of authority」、「functional benefits」、「emotional benefits」、「personality」 and「ideal customer image」, which can be applied to setting the brand image and can check if there are knowing gaps between company’s orientated brand image and customers’ identification。This study uses 「brand identity factors」to set up 「customer-based brand equity」 as an idea frame for the basic development quantity table, and selects some national brands of western wedding cakes as the study range to testify the quantity tables listed in this study. The result of this study shows both the credit and effective value of quantity table are good. The model test result of 「brand identification factors」and 「customer-based brand equity」shows that the conception frame based on 「brand identity factors honeycomb model」 of every factor for「brand identification factors」has the positive effect toward the 「brand association」、「brand awareness」、「perceived quality」under 「customer-based brand equity」。Keller only takes「visual identity」on behalf of the whole「visual identity」， but Aaker’s「brand identity factors honeycomb model」adds contrast between「mind identity」and 「behavior identity」( three systems of「visual identity」、「mind identity」and 「behavior identity」) 。 This study suggests 「brand identification factors honeycomb model」may add the factor of「service behavior」, which will increase the integrity for the combination of 「brand identification factors」. This means that a company may add「brand core value」as a part of their organization and employees. 「brand identity factors」shall be set by company, customers and employees。
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Murta, de Oliveira Matheus Feliciano. "The Brand Personality of the Portuguese Retail Sector Validating Aaker’s brand personality scale". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/30296.
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In this project, brand personality is studied as a brand construct applied to a specific
economic area, the Portuguese retail sector. By considering Aaker’s original brand personality
scale as its main basis and applying it to the sector, brand personality gets a new meaning
through the consumers of the brands that were selected as a representative sample of the universe
of the sector. This new meaning is then a result of test of the original scale perceived by the
consumers when it comes to the retail sector in Portugal, which then defines what are the
dimensions of this original scale are valid to represent the sector, and then resulting into a unique
brand personality scale structure exclusive for it.
By applying quantitative and qualitative methodologies (Likert five point scale
questionnaire and Exploratory Factor Analysis respectively) it was possible to reach the
conclusion that three dimensions from Aaker’s original BPS best represent the factor (Sincerity,
Excitement and Competence) while the remaining two could not (Sophistication and
Ruggedness), although not all the traits within those dimensions were applied for the sector, thus
the conclusion was a result for the traits that reached closest. Since then, a new BPS was
achieved then for the sector, combining four dimensions and 21 traits derived from Aaker’s
original BPS.
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Viana, Francisco José Barbosa e. Silva Pinto. "A força das marcas : aplicação dos modelos de brand equity de David Aaker e Kevin Keller ao caso do Futebol Clube do Porto". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/21840.
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O brand equity, numa perspetiva do consumidor, é a diferença que a existência de uma marca tem nas respostas dos consumidores, na compra de produtos ou nas respostas aos estímulos de marketing. Adiciona valor aos produtos de uma marca, na ótica do consumidor, uma vez que este está disposto a pagar um valor mais elevado pelos produtos da marca. Adiciona valor na ótica da empresa, permitindo-lhe aumentar, não só o número de vendas, mas também as margens. Assim sendo, o brand equity serve de denominador comum para interpretar as estratégias de marketing e medir o valor da marca.
Este trabalho visa compreender dois modelos de medição de brand equity propostos por David Aaker e Kevin Keller e aplicá-los ao caso específico da marca Futebol Clube do Porto.
Os valores finais obtidos, segundo cada modelo, são muito próximos: 3,8 no modelo de Aaker e 3,7 no modelo de Keller demonstrando, assim, grandes semelhanças entre os dois modelos na mensuração do brand equity. Para além disto, foi também necessário perceber, dentro de cada modelo, quais as variáveis com mais influência no valor final do brand equity para a marca. No modelo de Aaker a variável com maior influência é a designada “associações positivas em adição à qualidade percebida” e no modelo de Keller é a variável “significado da marca”.
Foi também possível determinar qual a percentagem do brand equity da marca, explicada por cada um dos modelos. O modelo proposto por Aaker explica melhor o brand equity da marca - 79,8%. Por outro lado, o modelo proposto por Keller explica em apenas 69,1% o brand equity da marca.Costumer-based brand equity is the difference that the existence of a brand has on the consumer’s response to the purchase of products or marketing stimuli. Brand equity adds value to the products of a brand, from the customer’s point-of-view, as they will be willing to pay higher prices for the brand’s products, but also from a company’s point-of-view, allowing it to boost the sales of its products as well as their margins. Therefore, brand equity acts as a common denominator to interpret the marketing strategies and appraise the value of the brand. This work’s objective is to understand two models of brand equity created by David Aaker and Kevin Keller and apply them to the specific case of the brand Futebol Clube do Porto. The final results of the analysis were very close in each model, 3,8 in Aaker’s model and 3,7 in Keller’s model, showing great similarities between both models in measuring brand equity. Besides this, it was also necessary to understand, within each model, which variables influenced the most the final value of the brand’s brand equity. In Aaker’s model it was “positive association in addition to the perceived quality” and in Keller’s model was “brand meaning”. It was also possible to determine which percentage of brand equity was explained by each of the models. The model proposed by Aaker was the one that explained a bigger percentage of the brand equity - 79,8%. Whilst the model proposed by Keller explained 69,1% of the brand’s brand equity.
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Ponte, Daniela Carvalho. "Brand equity: o caso da marca Açores". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/9453.
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Orientação: Maria Teresa Ribeiro CandeiasA criação de valor e a força da marca são extremamente importantes para a diferenciação e a valorização das empresas. Face à atualidade da marca Açores e ao crescimento que a mesma tem verificado desde a sua criação, esta investigação, por meio de uma análise quantitativa, procura analisar os aspetos essenciais do Brand Equity na marca Açores. Tendo por base o modelo de Brand Equity proposto por Aaker, através de questionário, pretende-se verificar se existe Brand Equity na marca Açores pelas dimensões lealdade à marca, qualidade percebida, reconhecimento da marca e associações à marca. O estudo teve por base uma amostra por conveniência que era constituída por indivíduos de nacionalidade portuguesa e de nacionalidade estrangeira. Os resultados obtidos na investigação sugerem que a marca Açores é reconhecida pelos consumidores e associada, essencialmente, à natureza, aos produtos regionais e à experiência global. A marca Açores é reconhecida mesmo antes do selo de origem e os consumidores afirmam a qualidade, a confiabilidade e a funcionalidade dos bens/serviços desta marca, conduzindo à fidelidade e ao consumo recorrente desta marca. Pela facilidade de reconhecimento, pela identificação, pela superação das expetativas e pela satisfação do consumidor é possível afirmar que a marca Açores tem impacto a nível nacional e internacional. Consequentemente, verifica-se a existência de Brand Equity na marca Açores e o seu sucesso, sendo este estudo um ponto de partida para outros estudos relacionados com a temática.
Value creation and branding are extremely important for differentiating and valuing companies. Azores brand is a current brand and has a growth since its creation, so this research, through a quantitative analysis, search to analyse the essential aspects of brand equity in the Azores brand. Through a questionnaire of Aaker´s Brand Equity Model, the intention is to see if exists Brand Equity in Azores Brand in relation to the follow dimensions: brand loyalty, name awareness, perceived quality and brand associations. The study of the questionnaire was based on a convenience sample of individuals from Portugal and foreign nationalities. The results of the investigation suggest that the Azores brand is recognized by consumers and essentially associated to nature, regional products and global experience. The brand Azores is recognized before the seal of origin and customers recognize the quality, reliability and functionality of goods/services from this brand, driving to fidelity and recurring consumption of this brand. From easy recognition, by identification, by exceed expectations and by consumer satisfaction it is possible to say that Azores brand have national and international impact. Consequently, it verifies the existence of a brand equity in the Azores brand and its success. This study is the start point for another and profound studies related with the theme.
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Simões, João Luís Fernandes. "Impacto do Website no Brand Equity de uma Empresa". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/19650.
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Este relatório de estágio tem como objectivo estudar o impacto que o website de
uma empresa tem no brand equity da mesma, tendo como base a teoria de Customer Based
Brand Equity de Keller.
Para além da análise de literatura focada nas diferentes teorias de medição do
brand equity foi dada especial atenção ao tema do marketing digital e de que forma este
é importante para o desenvolvimento de uma marca/empresa.
Numa fase empírica, primeiramente foi feita uma análise do brand equity do
website da marca “Uma Casa Portuguesa” por meio de um inquérito online a uma amostra
de 26 participantes. Após a recolha dos dados e feitas alterações nos conteúdos e na sua
disposição no website em questão o mesmo inquérito foi distribuído a uma segunda
amostra de 27 participantes com o mesmo propósito. Comparando as respostas obtidas os
dois inquéritos possível chegar à conclusão que não houve uma alteração significativa no
brand equity da empresa.
O relatório foi feito tendo como base o estágio feito na empresa Uma Casa
Portuguesa com a duração de 6 meses, entre Agosto de 2015 e Janeiro de 2016.This internship report aims to study the impact that the company website has on the company brand equity, based on Keller’s theory of Customer Based Brand Equity. In addition to the literature review focused on different theories for measuring brand equity, special attention was given to the topic of digital marketing and its importance regarding the development of a brand/company. On an empirical stage, the brand equity of "Uma Casa Portuguesa" brand website’s was analyzed through an online survey, sent out to a sample of 26 respondents. After collecting the data and making changes both on website’s content and layout, this same survey was distributed to a new sample of 27 respondents with the same purpose. Comparing the results from the two surveys, it is possible to conclude that there has been no significant change on the company’s brand equity. This report was produced based on the 6-month internship at the company Uma Casa Portuguesa, between August 2015 and January 2016.
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Files, Rebecca Lynn. "Do More Transparent Corporate Actions Following a Restatement Influence the SEC's Decision to Issue an Enforcement Action?" 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-836.
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This study examines whether corporate transparency about a restatement influences the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) decision to issue an enforcement action. I consider corporate transparency to be higher when firms initiate an independent investigation into the restatement, display the restatement in a more prominent press release location, and/or report the restatement in a more visible SEC filing (i.e., Form 8-K). My sample of restatement observations spans nine years, 1997-2005, and is taken from the databases compiled by the General Accounting Office. For each restatement observation, I hand-collect information on SEC enforcement actions from the SEC's website and information on corporate transparency from company press releases and SEC filings. In order to determine the influence of corporate transparency, I develop a model predicting which restatement firms will be sanctioned by the SEC that includes measures of restatement severity, restatement characteristics, firm characteristics, and all three measures of corporate transparency.
I find that, on average, greater restatement transparency increases the likelihood of an SEC sanction. This result is strongest before the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), where all three proxies for corporate transparency are positive and significant predictors of SEC enforcement actions. After SOX, however, more visible SEC filings decrease the likelihood of an SEC sanction, suggesting that the SEC rewards this type of transparent behavior. In addition, the SEC also rewards corporate transparency by reducing monetary penalties when an enforcement action is issued. These results extend prior research (Bowen et al. 2005; Files et al. 2008; Gordon et al. 2008; Myers et al. 2008) by providing the first evidence on how corporate transparency affects the SEC's decision to issue an enforcement action. The results may be useful to managers of restating firms and academics researching SEC enforcement actions.
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Aaken, Claas van [Verfasser]. "Adjuvante Radiochemotherapie des Rektumkarzinoms : multizentrische retrospektive Analyse von 534 Patienten in Franken ; Behandlungsergebnisse der Strahlentherapie und Evaluation (A) ; eine retrospektive Analyse des Krankenguts 6 fränkischer Strahlenkliniken im Zeitraum 4/93 bis 3/98 / vorgelegt von Claas van Aaken". 2004. http://d-nb.info/970060440/34.
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