Libros:

1

Lundquist, Lennart. Kriterier for utvardering av offentlig verksamhet: Diskussionsunderlag ; Abo den 18 januari 1990. Abo: Stiftelsens for Abo Akademi, 1990.

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2

Gragnolati, Manuele y Francesca Southerden. Possibilities of Lyric. Berlin: ICI Berlin Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-18.

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Opening to passion as an unsettling, transformative force; extending desire to the text, expanding the self, and dissolving its boundaries; imagining pleasures outside the norm and intensifying them; overcoming loss and reaching beyond death; being loyal to oneself and defying productivity, resolution, and cohesion while embracing paradox, non-linearity, incompletion. These are some of the possibilities of lyric that this book explores by reading Petrarch’s vernacular poetry in dialogue with that of other poets, including Guido Cavalcanti, Dante, and Shakespeare. In the Epilogue, the poet Antonella Anedda Angioy engages with Ossip Mandel’štam and Paul Celan’s dialogue with Petrarch and extends it into the present.

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3

Pushkinskai͡a konferent͡sii͡a (8th 2003 Bolʹshie Vi͡azemy, Russia). A.S. Pushkin v Podmoskovʹe i Moskve: Materialy VIII Pushkinskoĭ konferent͡sii 18-19 okti͡abri͡a 2003 goda. Bolʹshie Vi͡azemy: Gos. istoriko-literaturnyĭ muzeĭ-zapovednik im. A.S. Pushkina, 2004.

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4

Grosse, Roswitha. Christian Gotthilf Salzmanns "Der Bote aus Thüringen", Schnepfenthal 1788-1816: Eine Zeitschrift der deutschen literarischen Volksaufklärung an der Wende vom 18. zum 19. Jahrhundert. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1989.

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5

ill, Rasche Shelly, ed. Easter ABCs: Matthew 28:1-28; Mark 16:1-8; Luke 24:1-12; John 20:1-18. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Pub. House, 1999.

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6

Bessonova, M. A. Französische Impressionisten aus dem Puschkin-Museum, Moskau: 171. Sonderaustellung des Historischen Museums der Stadt Wien, 18. Februar bis 25. April 1993. Editado por Miszyn Witalij A, Gosudarstvennyĭ muzeĭ izobrazitelʹnykh iskusstv imeni A.S. Pushkina. y Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien. Wien: Das Historische Museum, 1993.

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7

Hasegawa, Michiaki y Shigeru Ae. Agehachō: Iden no himitsu ABC : dai 18-kai tokubetsu kikakuten = Swallowtails : hybridization and genetics in papilionid butterflies : 18th special exhibition. Toyohashi-shi: Toyohashi-shi Shizenshi Hakubutsukan, 2003.

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8

Varlamov, Oleg. 18 examples of mivar expert systems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1248446.

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Many years of research on mivar technologies of logical artificial intelligence have allowed us to create a new powerful, versatile and fast tool, which is called "multidimensional open gnoseological active net" — "multidimensional open gnoseological active net: MOGAN". This tool allows you to quickly and easily design algorithms and work with logical reasoning in the "If..., Then..." format, and it can be used to model cause-and-effect relationships in different subject areas and create knowledge bases of new-generation applied artificial intelligence systems and real-time mivar expert systems with "Big Knowledge". The reader, after studying this tutorial, you will be able to create mivar expert system with the help of CASMI Wi!Mi. Designed for students, bachelors, masters and postgraduate students studying artificial intelligence methods, as well as for users, experts and specialists, creating a system of information processing and management, mivar models, expert systems, automated control systems, systems of decision support and Recommender systems.

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9

Mezhdunarodnai︠a︡, nauchno-prakticheskai︠a︡ konferent︠s︡ii︠a︡ "A S. Pushkin i. i︠u︡g" (1999 Rostov-na-Donu Russia). A.S. Pushkin i i︠u︡g: Mezhdunarodnai︠a︡ nauchno-prakticheskai︠a︡ konferent︠s︡ii︠a︡ : g. Rostov n/D, 18-19 mai︠a︡ 1999 goda : studencheskai︠a︡ konferent︠s︡ii︠a︡ : tezisy dokladov. Rostov-na-Donu: Donskoĭ izdatelʹskiĭ dom, 1999.

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10

Hz, İbrahim (A S. )'ı Anma Şanlıurfa Kültür ve Sanat Haftası (1st 1991 Şanlıurfa Turkey). Hz. İbrahim konulu yeni besteler: Hz. İbrahim (A.S.)'ı Anma Şanlıurfa 1. Kültür ve Sanat Haftası faaliyetlerinden : 18-24 Kasım 1991. [Şanlıurfa, Turkey]: Şanlıurfa Kültür Eğitim Sanat ve Araştırma Vakfı, 1992.

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11

Vokrug relʹefa: Drevneegipetskie pami︠a︡tniki i abstraktnyĭ relʹef XX veka iz sobranii︠a︡ GMII im. A.S. Pushkina i chastnykh kollekt︠s︡iĭ : Gosudarstvennyĭ muzeĭ izobrazitelʹnykh iskusstv imeni A.S. Pushkina, 28 mai︠a︡-18 ii︠u︡li︠a︡ 2010 goda. Moskva: Virtualʹnai︠a︡ galerei︠a︡, 2010.

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12

Dubbels, Elke, Jürgen Fohrmann y Andrea Schütte, eds. Polemische Öffentlichkeiten. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839454718.

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Bringt die öffentliche politische Diskussion eher einen Polarisierungs- als einen Rationalisierungseffekt hervor? Diese Frage ist insbesondere angesichts der jüngsten Entwicklungen im digitalen Raum virulent geworden. Polemische Öffentlichkeiten sind jedoch nicht erst ein Phänomen unserer Gegenwart, sondern haben eine lange Geschichte. Diese nehmen die Beiträger*innen des Bandes in der Zeitspanne vom Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts bis in unsere Gegenwart in den Blick und fokussieren dabei die Interferenz zwischen politischer und literarischer Kommunikation. Erst vor diesem historischen Hintergrund wird deutlich, was an den aggressiven öffentlichen Meinungskämpfen unserer Tage neu ist - und was nicht.

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13

McIntire, John y Delia Grace, eds. The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 18 chapters that describes the evolving and multi-faceted roles of ILRI in addressing these and other global challenges in nearly a half century of research. ILRI researchers and partners took leading roles, for example, in the following. This volume can serve as a reference and resource for all interested in the role of livestock in agricultural transformation and sustainable development. It should be useful for distilling, learning from, and building on past work and lessons hopefully to inform and inspire students, researchers and research managers and their investors.

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14

Jayyānī, al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad. al- Taʻrīf bi-shuyūkh ḥaddatha ʻanhum Muḥammad ibn Ismāʻīl al-Bukhārī fī kitabihi wa-ahmal ansābahum wa-dhikr mā yuʻrafūna bi-hi min qabāʾilihim wa-buldānihim: Wa-yalīh, Tasmiyat shuyūkh Abī Dāwūd. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-ʻIlmīyah, 1998.

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15

Germany. Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung. y Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (Germany), eds. Richtlinie für Sachverständigenprüfungen nach Röntgenverordnung: Richtlinie für Prf̈ungen nach [Paragraphen] 4 Abs. 1, [Paragraphen] 4, Abs. 1a, [Paragraphen] 18 Nr. 4, [Paragraphen] 45 Abs. 3 Satz 3 und [Paragraphen] 45a der Röntgenverordnung. 8^a ed. Bremerhaven: Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für Neue Wissenschaft, 1998.

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16

Ghosh. AAS 18 Ghosh: Connective Tissue. Birkhauser, 1986.

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17

Bull, Oscar. ABC Coloring Books for Toddlers No. 18. Independently Published, 2020.

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18

Park, Jesus. ABC Coloring Books for Toddlers No. 18. Independently Published, 2020.

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19

Doug Jones, AO. 18 Sydney. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199655717.003.0019.

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This chapter evaluates the merits of Sydney as a venue for international arbitration proceedings. It discusses the history and development of arbitration in Australia; the processes and rules involved as well as the role of courts in the conduct of arbitration proceedings; and rules for arbitral awards. It concludes that Sydney has a robust legal framework that adheres to internationally accepted standards. Its judiciary is independent and supportive of arbitration, and Sydney offers affordable and convenient facilities for arbitration, as well as effective institutional support and the availability of specialized legal advice. Given its proximity to some of the world's economic hubs, Sydney is an ideal option for parties who are interested in an affordable, independent, and supportive seat for international arbitrations.

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20

Lisa, Curran. 18 Italy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808589.003.0018.

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This chapter discusses the law of set-off in Italy. Under Italian law, set-off is recognised as a mechanism for extinguishing an obligation. The Civil Code classifies set-off by operation of law, by intervention of the judge, or by the will of the parties. The Code also lays down particular rights of combination with regard to amounts credited and debited to current accounts, as well as specific rights of set-off with regard to balances of a plurality of accounts or other relationships between a bank and its customer. The chapter first provides an overview of legal and contractual set-off between solvent parties before analysing set-off against insolvent parties. It examines the relevant provisions of the Italian Bankruptcy Law and the question of voidable preferences with respect to set-off. It also looks at issues arising from cross-border set-off between solvent parties and cross-border set-off against insolvent parties.

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21

Katirji, Bashar. Case 18. Editado por Bashar Katirji. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190603434.003.0022.

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Immune-mediated polyneuropathies are important to recognize since the majority of them are treatable. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is the prototype of the acquired chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies. It should be distinguished from other acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy such as those associated with monoclonal gammopathy, myeloproliferative disorder, and myelin-associated glycoprotein. This case presents a patient with a chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. The discussion includes the clinical and electrodiagnostic criteria for CIDP and distinguishing features from axonal polyneuropathies, other acquired demyelinating polyneuropathies, and inherited demyelinating polyneuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type I. The case also highlights the diagnostic criteria for conduction block and temporal dispersion based on analysis of compound muscle action potential amplitude, area, and duration.

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22

Die Exoduserzahlung: Das Literarische Werden Einer Ursprungslegende Israels (Forschungen Zum Alten Testament) (German Edition). Mohr Siebrek Ek, 2010.

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23

Camarillo, Albert. Latinos in the United States: A Historical Bibliography (ABC-Clio Research Guide, No 18). ABC-Clio Inc, 1986.

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24

Andreĭ, Arʹev, Stark V. P y Mezhdunarodnai͡a︡ nauchnai͡a︡ konferent͡s︡ii͡a︡ "A.S. Pushkin i V.V. Nabokov" (1999 : Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Siverskiĭ, Russia), eds. A.S. Pushkin i V.V. Nabokov: Sbornik dokladov mezhdunarodnoĭ konferent͡s︡ii, 15-18 apreli͡a︡ 1999 g. Sankt-Peterburg: Dorn, 1999.

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25

Tax fraud: ALI-ABA course of study materials, February 18-19, 1988, Los Angeles, California. Philadelphia, Pa. (4025 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19104): American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1988.

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26

American Bar Association. Section of Labor and Employment Law., Center for Continuing Legal Education (American Bar Association) y United States. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission., eds. EEO basics: Practice fundamentals of employment discrimination law, November 18, 1997, an ABA satellite seminar. [Chicago, IL] (P.O. Box 109078, Chicago 60610-9078): American Bar Association, 1997.

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27

Heiner, Prof, Bielefeldt, Ghanea Nazila, Dr y Wiener Michael, Dr. Part 1 Freedom of Religion or Belief, 1.2 Freedom from Coercion. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703983.003.0004.

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This chapter addresses the relationship between article 18(2) and article 18(3) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Article 18(2) states that no person shall be subject to coercion which would impair his or her freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of their choice. This provision for the forum internum does not allow for any compromise or limitation. By contrast, article 18(3) deals with possible limitations concerning manifestations of religion or belief in social life. However, the distinction in legal protection, as it is drawn between these two dimensions of freedom of religion or belief, should not be misconstrued as an abstract hierarchy or a fragmentation of two separate spheres. The unconditional prohibition of coercion in the forum internum enhances the status of freedom of religion or belief in all its dimensions.

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28

Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles y Parker Sarah. Art.18 Secretariat. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0022.

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This chapter examines Article 18 of the ATT, which establishes a Secretariat for the treaty. The Secretariat’s role includes maintaining and making available to states parties the list of national points of contact in accordance with Article 5; facilitating the matching of offers of and requests for assistance for treaty implementation; and promoting international co-operation ‘as requested’ in accordance with Articles 15 and 16 on international co-operation and international assistance, respectively. The Secretariat is also in charge of facilitating the work of the Conference of States Parties, including making arrangements and providing the necessary services for meetings under this treaty as set out in Article 17.

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29

Kitschelt, Herbert y Philipp Rehm. 18. Political participation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198737421.003.0020.

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This chapter examines four fundamental questions relating to political participation. First, it considers different modes of political participation such as social movements, interest groups, and political parties. Second, it analyses the determinants of political participation, focusing in particular on the paradox of collective action. Third, it explains political participation at the macro-level in order to identify which contextual conditions are conducive to participation and the role of economic affluence in political participation. Finally, the chapter discusses political participation at the micro-level. It shows that both formal associations and informal social networks, configured around family and friendship ties, supplement individual capacities to engage in political participation or compensate for weak capacities, so as to boost an individual's probability to become politically active.

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30

Paolo, Palchetti. Part I Conclusion of Treaties, 2 Article 18 of the 1969 Vienna Convention: A Vague and Ineffective Obligation or a Useful Means for Strengthening Legal Cooperation? Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588916.003.0002.

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Under Article 18 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, a State which has signed or ratified a treaty has the obligation to refrain from acts which would defeat the object and purpose of that treaty prior to its entry into force. Vagueness and ineffectiveness are often indicated as the two major shortcomings affecting the obligation laid down in Article 18. This chapter assesses whether such criticism is justified. More comprehensively, it endeavours to reassess the impact Article 18 has had on State practice over the forty years since the adoption of Vienna Convention. Its major finding is that, while Article 18 seems to suffer from certain shortcomings, which inevitably weaken its normative force, it is by no means a rule devoid of any practical relevance, particularly if one takes into account the increasing recourse to this provision in cases before domestic courts.

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31

Deutsch im Norden: Akten der nordisch-germanistischen Tagung zu Abo/Turku, Finnland, 18. -19. Mai 2007. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2009.

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32

John D, Ciorciari. Part II The Right to Know, C Preservation of and Access to Archives Bearing Witness to Violations, Principle 18 Specific Measures Related to the Restoration of or Transition to Democracy and/or Peace. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198743606.003.0022.

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Principle 18 outlines specific measures related to the restoration of or transition to democracy and/or peace. Transitional states emerging from repressive rule face a host of serious archival challenges. Outgoing officials sometimes burn or destroy incriminating documents to cover their tracks, as occurred in East Germany, South Korea, South Africa, Egypt, and the Soviet Union. Principle 18 emphasizes the importance of protecting and preserving, inventorying, and analyzing archives of the old regime. It reflects an understanding that archives are keys to advancing accountability, the right to truth, and other elements of a successful transition to peace and/or democracy. After providing a contextual and historical background on Principle 18, this chapter discusses its theoretical framework as well as the ways in which states and third countries have managed archives related to past human rights abuses. It also highlights some areas for improvement in terms of archival practice in transitional periods.

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33

French paintings from the USSR: Watteau to Matisse : [exhibition] the National Gallery, London, 15 June-18 September 1988. London: The Gallery, 1988.

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34

French, Derek. 18. Remedies for maladministration. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198815105.003.0018.

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This chapter considers the remedies available when maladministration occurs, with emphasis on the existence of the company as a separate person. It examines circumstances where a wrong has been done to the company or to individual members, focusing on the proper claimant principle established in Foss v Harbottle (1843) 2 Hare 461, and the possible action that can be taken against company officers who have committed a wrong. It also explains the causes for which a member can file derivative claims; the right of a member to petition the court for relief under the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006), part 30 (ss 994 to 999); the concept of winding up; the irregularity principle; and when the Secretary of State can intervene in maladministration cases. The chapter cites relevant legislation (Companies Act 1985, Insolvency Act 1986 and CA 2006) and a number of particularly significant court cases.

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35

French, Derek, Stephen W. Mayson y Christopher L. Ryan. 18. Remedies for maladministration. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198778301.003.0018.

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This chapter considers the remedies available when maladministration occurs, with emphasis on the existence of the company as a separate person. It examines circumstances where a wrong has been done to the company or to individual members, focusing on the proper claimant principle established in Foss v Harbottle (1843) 2 Hare 461, and the possible action that can be taken against company officers who have committed a wrong. It also explains the causes for which a member can file derivative claims; the right of a member to petition the court for relief under the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006), part 30 (ss 994 to 999); the concept of winding up; the irregularity principle; and when the Secretary of State can intervene in maladministration cases. The chapter cites relevant legislation (Companies Act 1985, Insolvency Act 1986, and CA 2006) and a number of particularly significant court cases.

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36

Taberlet, Pierre, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger y Eric Coissac. Analysis of bulk samples. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767220.003.0018.

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Chapter 18 “Analysis of bulk samples” deals with the particular case of biodiversity surveys based on bulk samples. A bulk sample is an environmental sample containing mainly organisms from the taxonomic group under study, such as insect samples obtained from a Malaise trap, or eukaryote-enriched samples obtained from filtered or size-fractionated water samples. One important characteristic of bulk samples is that they usually provide good-quality DNA in high amounts. Chapter 18 presents several seminal studies based on bulk samples that aimed at monitoring arthropod, nematode, or marine metazoan diversity. The advantages and limitations of the classical barcoding COI marker versus metabarcoding markers for bulk sample analysis are also discussed. Finally, Chapter 18 reviews two alternative strategies to limit the taxonomic biases associated with the use of the COI marker (i.e., mitochondrial enrichment via differential centrifugation or capture, followed by extraction and shotgun sequencing).

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37

California Continuing Education of the Bar., ed. Biotechnology: Business, law, and regulation : ALI-ABA course of study materials : November 18-19, 1993, San Francisco, California. Philadelphia, PA (4025 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19104-3099): American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1993.

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38

American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education., ed. Federal lands law conference: ALI-ABA course of study materials : October 18-19, 2001, Salt Lake City, Utah. Philadelphia, PA (4025 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19104-3099): American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 2001.

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39

Secured financing and equipment leasing: ALI-ABA course of study materials : March 16-18, 1995, San Francisco, California. Philadelphia, PA (4025 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19104-3099): American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1995.

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40

Voprosy tvorchestva i biografii A.S. Pushkina: Tezisy dokladov i soobshcheniĭ oblastnoĭ nauchnoĭ konferent͡s︡ii, 16-18 mai͡a︡ 1989 g. Odessa: Odesskiĭ gos. universitet im. I.I. Mechnikova, Filologicheskiĭ fakulʹtet, Kafedra russkoĭ lit-ry, 1989.

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41

Giegerich, Bastian. 18. Foreign and Security Policy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689675.003.0018.

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This chapter examines the gradual development of foreign and security policy cooperation among European Union member states. It begins with a discussion of the hesitant moves from European political cooperation (EPC) to a common foreign and security policy (CFSP), along with the emergence of a common security and defence policy (CSDP) as part of CFSP. It then considers CFSP in the context of eastern enlargement and the significance of the Treaty of Lisbon for EU foreign and security policy. It also looks at the intervention in Iraq and the adoption of a European Security Strategy, as well as CSDP missions and operations. Finally, it analyses the underlying theme of national sovereignty combined with EU-level capacity through a range of examples.

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42

Sime, Stuart. 18. Requests for further information. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198747673.003.2017.

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A party may sometimes take the view that the statement of case provided by the other side is not as clear as it should be, or fails to set out the other side’s case with the precision that would be expected. In such cases a request may be made for further information about the facts on which the other side’s case is based. This chapter discusses the rules on requests for further information; the response; objecting to requests; orders for responses; requests in freezing injunctions; and collateral use.

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43

Sime, Stuart. 18. Requests for Further Information. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823100.003.2017.

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A party may sometimes take the view that the statement of case provided by the other side is not as clear as it should be, or fails to set out the other side’s case with the precision that would be expected. In such cases a request may be made for further information about the facts on which the other side’s case is based. This chapter discusses the rules on requests for further information; the response; objecting to requests; orders for responses; requests in freezing injunctions; and collateral use.

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44

Sime, Stuart. 18. Requests for further information. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787570.003.2017.

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A party may sometimes take the view that the statement of case provided by the other side is not as clear as it should be, or fails to set out the other side’s case with the precision that would be expected. In such cases a request may be made for further information about the facts on which the other side’s case is based. This chapter discusses the rules on requests for further information; the response; objecting to requests; orders for responses; requests in freezing injunctions; and collateral use.

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45

Lawson, Stephanie. 18. Diplomacy and Foreign Policy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198704386.003.0019.

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This chapter discusses diplomacy and the conduct of foreign policy, both of which are fundamental to relations between political communities worldwide. It first considers diplomacy and its related concept, statecraft, in global history, focusing on some important concepts such as raison d'état (reason of state) and machtpolitik (power politics). It then examines diplomatic practice in contemporary global politics, with particular emphasis on track-two diplomacy and third-party mediation, along with developments in diplomacy during the Cold War. It also looks at public diplomacy, which may be understood as an instrument of ‘soft power’ in contrast with the methods of power politics. It concludes with an overview of the European Union's common foreign and security policy.

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46

Cunningham-Hill, Susan y Karen Elder. 18. Experts and expert evidence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787655.003.0018.

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This chapter focuses on the role of experts in civil actions. It considers when expert support is needed — whether as part of the evidence submitted in the action, or as part of the advice sought to prepare the client’s case, or perhaps for both situations; the role that the expert will take in both of the situations identified; when permission of the court is needed to engage and submit expert evidence in the action; the need to provide a cost estimate of using an expert and the costs consequences for the client in engaging expert evidence; the management and suitable direction of steps taken in advising clients and proceeding with an action to meet the court’s overall discretion to control the evidence; and the important matters to consider in engaging an expert and in managing several experts in a case.

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47

Cunningham-Hill, Susan y Karen Elder. 18. Experts and Expert Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823193.003.0018.

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This chapter focuses on the role of experts in civil actions. It considers when expert support is needed—whether as part of the evidence submitted in the action or as part of the advice sought to prepare the client’s case or perhaps for both situations. It discusses the role that the expert will take in both of the situations identified; when permission of the court is needed to engage and submit expert evidence in the action; the need to provide a cost estimate of using an expert and the costs consequences for the client in engaging expert evidence; the management and suitable direction of steps taken in advising clients and proceeding with an action to meet the court’s overall discretion to control the evidence; and the important matters to consider in engaging an expert and in managing several experts in a case.

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48

William H, Boothby. 18 Non-International Armed Conflict. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198728504.003.0018.

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This chapter considers how the law of weaponry applies to Non-International Armed Conflict (NIAC). Some object to the idea that a State can bind the rebels as to the law that is to be applied in a NIAC. These objections are considered. Of course, arms control treaties with their comprehensive, all-embracing prohibitions apply equally in both classes of conflict. The CCW’s scope has been extended for participating States and customary law applies, occasionally unequally, to both IACs and NIACs. Nevertheless, important differences remain and this chapter explores these differences, and notes the tendency for the law applying to IACs and NIACs to converge. The chapter then addresses what would need to change to achieve total convergence.

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49

Puntis, John. Difficult eating behaviour in the young child. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759928.003.0018.

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Food refusal is common in early life for a variety of reasons that include parental anxiety and forced feeding. From about 6 weeks of age, infants regulate their energy intake according to energy needs. Newborns prefer sweet-tasting feed and at 3–5 months readily accept new tastes. At 12–18 months fear of new foods (neophobia) develops. Self-feeding by the end of the first year should be encouraged and the child allowed to be messy and enjoy meal times. Repeated exposure to a food is the best way of it becoming accepted. Faddy/picky eating is most likely to occur around 18 months of age. There are some simple rules for modifying eating behaviour, as well as increasing energy intake when appropriate.

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50

American Law Institute-AmericanBar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education., ed. Arbitration, mediation, and other ADR methods: ALI-ABA course of study materials : November 18-19, 1993, New York, New York. Philadelphia, PA (4025 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19104-3099): American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1993.

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