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1
Mulonya, Rodrick K. A. R. "The political economy of development aid: an investigation of three donor-funded HIV/AIDS programmes broadcast by Malawi television from 2004 to 2007". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002926.
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Development aid in most of the developing countries can sometimes compromise the principles of public service broadcasting (PSB). This may be true when reflected against the tension between donor financed programmes in Malawi and the mandate of Television Malawi (TVM). Although the donor intentions are noble, the strings attached to the funding are sometimes retrogressive to the role of PSBs. A case in point is how donors dictate terms on the HIV/Aids communication strategies at TVM. Producers receive money from donors with strings attached on how the money should be used and accounted for. If producers deviate they are sanctioned through withholding funding, shifting schedules and reducing the funding frequency. The donors also dictate who to interview on what subject, how to conduct capacity building. Some scholars have researched much on the impact of commercialisation of the media. This study is a departure from these traditional interferences; it interrogates the interest of philanthropy tendencies by international donors in the three chosen HIV/Aids programmes broadcast by TVM. The study investigates the extent of pressure exerted by donors on the producers of HIV/Aids programmes in Malawi. Thus, the study seeks to illicit specifics in the power relationship between the donor and the producer hence the study employs the political economy of development aid as applied to the public service broadcasting and communication for development. The study employed qualitative research methods and techniques (in-depth interviews, case study and document analysis). The study reveals how donor ideologies dominate the Aids messages-content output of the texts constructed. The study argues that cultural alienation of the Malawian audiences retards efforts of donors in combating HIV infection rate.
2
GonÃalves, ValÃria Freire. "Estimativa de SubnotificaÃÃo de casos de AIDS em Fortaleza,CearÃâ 2002 e 2003: uma aplicaÃÃo da TÃcnica de captura-recaptura". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=396.
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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃCoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
A subnotificaÃÃo de casos de Aids representa um dos principais problemas enfrentados pela vigilÃncia epidemiolÃgica da Aids. Dessa forma este trabalho teve como objetivo, conhecer a subnotificaÃÃo dos casos de Aids em adultos no municÃpio de Fortaleza, nos anos de 2002 e 2003, aplicando o mÃtodo de captura e recaptura. Estimou-se ainda, a subnotificaÃÃo em dois hospitais de referÃncia para Aids, Hospital SÃo Josà â HSJ e Hospital Geral de Fortaleza â HGF. Nesse estudo foram utilizados dados secundÃrios do Sistema de InformaÃÃo de Agravo de NotificaÃÃo â Sinan, Sistema de Controle de Exames Laboratoriais - Siscel e Sistema de InformaÃÃes sobre Mortalidade - SIM, comparando os trÃs sistemas e considerando como notificados os casos confirmados no Sinan. Os casos foram emparelhados no Programa RecLink II. ApÃs o emparelhamento dos casos foram selecionados os elegÃveis para aplicaÃÃo do mÃtodo de captura e recaptura, utilizando os estimadores de Lincoln-Petersen e o de Chapman. A subnotificaÃÃo estimada para Fortaleza foi de 33,1%, e 14,1%, tendo como referÃncia o Sinan e comparando com as fontes Siscel e SIM, respectivamente. Para os hospitais S. Josà e HGF a subnotificaÃÃo foi de 5,4% e 90,5%, na mesma ordem, comparando o Sinan com o Siscel. Este trabalho demonstrou uma elevada subnotificaÃÃo de casos de Aids no municÃpio de Fortaleza nos anos de 2002 e 2003 e que a subnotificaÃÃo quando avaliada por fonte, comparando o Siscel com o Sinan, ela à mais de duas vezes superior à estimada quando comparada à das fontes SIM/Sinan, demonstrando ser o Siscel uma importante fonte de notificaÃÃo de casos de Aids. Quanto à subnotificaÃÃo nas duas unidades de SaÃde, observa-se um percentual bem mais elevado para o HGF. O Programa RecLink II mostrou ser uma opÃÃo simples para o reconhecimento dos casos nÃo notificados no Sinan e em relaÃÃo a tÃcnica de captura e recaptura, pode ser utilizada de forma simples e rÃpida e com baixo custo, comparando os sistemas dois a dois em pesquisas pontuais. Diante dos achados nesse estudo, recomenda-se que o Sinan-Aids seja comparado em periodicidade mensal, com todas as fontes de informaÃÃes disponÃveis que possam contribuir para reduÃÃo da subnotificaÃÃo de Aids
Underreporting is one of the major problems challenging epidemiologic AIDS surveillance. The objective of this study was to estimate the level of underreporting of AIDS in adults in Fortaleza in the period 2002-2003 using the capture-recapture method. In addition, the level of underreporting at two hospitals for AIDS referral (Hospital SÃo Josà â HSJ, and Hospital Geral de Fortaleza â HGF was estimated. The study relied on three secondary databases: SINAN (national disease surveillance), SISCEL (laboratory test control) and SIM (mortality information). The systems were compared and cases confirmed by SINAN were considered as reported. Cases from the two databases were paired using the software RecLink II. Subsequently cases eligible for the capture-recapture method were selected using the Lincoln-Petersen and Chapmam estimators. The levels of underreporting were estimated at 33.1% and 14.1% for SISCEL and SIM, respectively. Underreporting for SISCEL was 5.4% at HSJ and 90.5% at HGF. The study shows a considerable level of underreporting of AIDS cases in Fortaleza for the period 2002-2003 and suggests that SISCEL is an important source of AIDS reporting considering that it allowed to detect levels of underreporting more than twice the estimates derived from the sources SIM and SINAN. The level of underreporting was considerably higher at HF than at HSJ. The software RecLink II was shown to be a practical tool for identifying cases not reported to SINAN. The capture-recapture method is a simple, time-saving and inexpensive way to compare two systems when necessary. Considering the findings of the present study, SINAN-AIDS should be compared monthly with all relevant information systems in order to reduce levels of AIDS underreporting
3
Faust, Linda A. "AIDS Public health implications /". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1991. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1991.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2940. Abstract precedes thesis as [2] preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-100).
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Lau, Wai-yee. "The readiness of social workers in providing services to persons with HIV/AIDS /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13991346.
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Lewis, LaTanya Renee. "Assessing service satisfaction: Experiences of individuals living with HIV/AIDS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3371.
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The purpose of this study was to explore HIV/AIDS client experiences with supportive services. The consumption of social services for individuals living with HIV/AIDS has assumed increasing importance. This is a crucial population that requires a multifaceted approach to treatment in order to remain active and productive for longer periods of time.
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Rushing, R. Mark. "An outpatient facility for the treatment of HIV/AIDS". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23302.
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Makwara, Tendai. "Employee perceptions towards outsourcing of HIV/AIDS services". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98016.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the employee perceptions towards outsourcing of HIV/AIDS services in a retail working environment. Thirty participants were included using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed attitudinal disposition through questions aimed testing knowledge, preferences and environmental factors influencing perception towards alternative HTC service centres. Results show employees have positive perceptions towards the utilisation of external HTC and welfare services compared to those offered on-site. On-site employer initiated HTC services through mobile testing facilities are perceived as failing to offer privacy, anonymity and security of continued employment as testing outside the employer’s premises would provide. Outsourced services such as public hospitals or clinics are seen to offer better testing environment because of their natural health settings and non-association with the employer whose motives for providing testing services in the workplace are held in suspicion. Ninety four per cent of the employees expressed desire to have HTC services provided in the workplace. Potential utilisation level of such services dropped to 33% among these employees with 50% indicating a desire to use external health services providers. This disparity is explained by the negative environmental and social factors prevailing in the workplace which make access to HTC difficult. Recommendations for improving employee attitudes towards on-site HTC services include implementing educational programs to reduce peer stigma, scepticism to employer motives for initiating health intervention programs and demonstrating fair employment practices which do not associate HIV status with different treatment in the workplace. There is also a need for companies to plan around facilitating employee use of public health facilities even when they have on-site services to promote a perception of holistic care towards employees.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nie beskikbaar.
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Barnes, Nielan. "Transnational networks and community-based organizations: the dynamics of AIDS activism in Tijuana and Mexico City /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3167838.
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Larichiuta, Inez S. "What are the issues and challenges for the nursing profession with regard to HIV/AIDS?" Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1991. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1991.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2948. Abstract precedes thesis as 6 preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ghosh, Maitrayee y Jay Bhatt. "The challenging and critical role of information professionals in combating AIDS in India". School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105105.
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The nature of work for librarians/information professionals is undergoing a profound transformation, due to the arrival of deadly diseases like AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) and the change in information needs of the local community. This change necessitates much more professional expertise, updated knowledge, critical thinking and involvement in developing effective AIDS literacy programs. Information professionals serving in different libraries or potential information dissemination centers can provide dedicated services to society by helping to access AIDS information not only in urban settings but also in rural environments. This paper outlines strategies for effective collaboration in the context of AIDS literacy promotion efforts. It identifies a number of obstacles in the process of empowering the community and suitable measures essential for success.
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Mphunga, Andile Elvis. "Peer educators' utilisation of information on recognition and referral to refer their peers appropriately /". Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/747.
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Wong, Wa-kit y 王華潔. "The needs of and care for persons with HIV/AIDS in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250300.
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Musemwa, Shingisai. "Factors influencing university students' use of HIV voluntary counselling and testing services : an analysis using the health belief model". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1448.
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Human Immune Virus (HI)V /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has emerged as the most devastating epidemic that the world has experienced. Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) has proven to be an effective way of preventing and controlling HIV. South African universities provide free VCT services on their campuses; however, these facilities are underused. The study’s objectives were to use the components of the health belief model (HBM) to explore and describe the factors that influenced the decision made by university students who have gone for VCT. The sample consisted of five male students. Data was collected through one-on-one in depth interviews, which were recorded. Data was analysed using thematic analysis, and the components of the HBM were used as codes for the data. Themes were generated for each component. The results indicated that perceived severity, perceived benefits and cues to action played a role in influencing the participants’ decision to go for VCT. In addition, results show that perceived susceptibility had little influence on their decision to go for VCT. Even though participants acknowledged barriers to VCT, they reported that the perceived benefits for VCT outweighed the barriers, and the decision to go for VCT was made. Participants suggested that to increase uptake of VCT on their campus, the university could improve current VCT campaigns, introduce rewards for VCT and introduce couples VCT.
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Nashandi, Johanna Christa Ndilimeke. "Experiences and coping strategies of women living with HIV/AIDS: case study of Khomas region, Namibia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2002. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study focuses on the impact of HIV/AIDS on women in Namibia. Namibia, with a population of only 1.7 million people, is ranked as the seventh highest country in the world in terms of HIV/AIDS infections. The percentage of women living with HIV/AIDS in Namibia accounts for 54% of the total of 68 196 people in the country living with the virus. Women are also diagnosed with the disease at a younger age (30) in comparison to their male counterparts (35 years). Desoite their needs, women living with HIV/AIDS bear a triple burden of caring for those living with HIV/AIDS, caring for themselves and coping with the responses to their infection. There are few focused intervention strategies to support and care for women living with HIV/AIDS in Namibia.
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Jumare, Fadila. "Prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS: a review of using PMTCT services in South Africa". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011508.
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Despite good intentions and commitment from health providers, it is difficult for HIV positive pregnant women to access Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services (Skinner et al 2005:115). The aim of this research was to find out the extent to which socio-economic and cultural factors influence access to and utilization of PMTCT services. It appeared that despite having a legal plan and framework to ensure that PMTCT services are available and free, the realities confronting HIV positive women in South Africa as suggested by the literature contradicted this objective. Inevitably, these contradictions were identified as some of the main factors contributing to lack of access and inadequate utilization of PMTCT services. These factors were identified through a review of fifteen studies selected based on their relevance to the research aim. The findings were presented according to the following themes: Functioning of clinics, adherence to ART, uptake of VCT and infant feeding practices. According to research evidence, the major socio-cultural factors influencing access and utilization of PMTCT services include fear of stigma and discrimination which are related to cultural norms and practices. The socio-economic factors include transport costs, lack of food, medicines and formula milk which are all related to poverty and unemployment. The research also found that health system constraints such as long waiting times in clinics, stock-outs of formula milk, medicines and test kits influenced the utilization of PMTCT services by HIV positive women.
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Swanepoel, Ancois. "Exploring community volunteers' use of the memory box making technique to support coping with HIV and AIDS". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02152007-112128.
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Lau, Wai-yee y 劉慧儀. "The readiness of social workers in providing services to persons with HIV/AIDS". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249826.
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Lindblom, Johanna y Maria Lundberg. "HIV prevention work in Moshi, Tanzania : Nurses’ and physicians’ views on Kilimanjaro Aids Control Association". Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-112505.
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ABSTRACTAim: Since 2003 Kilimanjaro Aids Control Association (KACA) has collaborated with the Mawenzi Hospital in Moshi, in order to prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to investigate Mawenzi Hospital’s staff’s views about KACA and its work. Method: Eight semi structured interviews were performed with nurses and physicians. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed by a qualitative manifest content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: All the informants mentioned that KACA is an important stakeholder needed in the collaboration with the government to prevent HIV transmission. They also mentioned that the main problems KACA struggles with is lack of recourses, insufficient HIV tests and lack of information to their clients. KACA was described as an accessible non governmental organization (NGO) working as a bridge from society, channeling HIV positive clients to Mawenzi Hospital. Conclusion: This study confirms that KACA is considered doing a good job and is appreciated by the nurses and physicians at the Mawenzi Hospital. For KACA this may be important information to maintain their prevention work. The problems presented by the informants should be taken under consideration when planning the future work.
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Bui, Long T. "The politics of AIDS advocacy for Asian Americans". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1454978.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 18, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-81).
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Barford, Kirsty-Lee. "Illustrated medicines information for HIV/AIDS patients: influence on adherence,self-efficacy and health outcomes". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015678.
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South Africa has an estimated 920 000 patients on antiretrovirals (ARVs), the largest number of patients in any country. ARV therapy demands adherence levels in excess of 95% to avoid development of drug resistance, but adherence to ARV therapy is estimated to be only between 50% and 70%. Poor medication adherence is acknowledged as a major public health problem, reducing the effectiveness of therapy and promoting resistance to ARVs. More than two thirds of the South African population have marginal reading skills and this significantly influences a patient’s ability to read and understand health-related information. Patient education materials tailored for the South African population could be a useful aid in facilitating communication with patients and perhaps impact positively on their medicine-taking behaviour. This behaviour is influenced by patient knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and expectations and includes self-management, self-efficacy and adherence. Self-efficacy, which refers to patient confidence in the ability to self-manage medicine taking, is a key factor influencing adherence. This study aimed to develop illustrated patient information leaflets (PILs) and medicine labels for all first-line ARV regimens used in the public health sector in South Africa and, using a randomised control study design, to investigate the impact of these illustrated information materials on knowledge, medication-taking behaviours and health outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients taking ARVs. To achieve this aim, the objectives were to assess HIV/AIDS and ARV-related knowledge, as well as self-efficacy and adherence to ARV therapy; to assess the influence of demographic variables on knowledge, adherence and self-efficacy; to assess the influence of the information materials on knowledge, self-efficacy and adherence and to assess the association of knowledge with health outcomes. Medicine labels and PILs, both English and isiXhosa, were developed for ARV regimens 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d. The 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and HIV Treatment Adherence Self Efficacy Scale (HIV-ASES) instruments for measuring respectively adherence and self-efficacy, were modified to optimize clarity, simplicity and cultural acceptability and were translated into isiXhosa using a multi-stage translation-back translation. The questions and the rating scales, for both the MMAS and HIV-ASES, underwent preliminary qualitative evaluation in focus group discussions. Patients were recruited from local Grahamstown clinics. A pilot study to evaluate applicability of the instruments was conducted in 16 isiXhosa AIDS patients on ARVs and the results from this study informed further modifications to the instruments. One hundred and seventeen patients were recruited for the randomised control trial and were randomly allocated to either control group (who received standard care) or experimental group (who received standard care as well as pictogram medicine labels and the illustrated PIL). Interviews were conducted at baseline and at one, three and six months. Data were analysed statistically using the t-test, chi-squared test and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at a 5% level of significance. Correlations were determined using Pearson and Spearman rho correlations. Approval was obtained from Rhodes University Ethical Standards Committee, Settlers Hospital Ethics Committee and the Eastern Cape Department of Health. The results of this research showed that illustrated PILs and medicine labels enhanced understanding of HIV/AIDS and ARV information, resulting in a mean overall knowledge score in the experimental group of 96%, which was significantly higher than the 75% measured in the control group. Variable knowledge scores were measured in three areas: baseline knowledge of general HIV/AIDS-related information was good at 87%, whereas knowledge scores relating to ARV-related information (60%) and side-effects (52%) were lower. These scores improved significantly in the experimental group over the 4 interviews during the 6 month trial duration, whereas in the control group, they fluctuated only slightly around the original baseline score. There was no significant influence of gender on knowledge score, whereas health literacy, education level and age tested (at one and three months) had a significant influence on knowledge. Self-efficacy and adherence results were high, indicating that the patients have confidence in their ability to adhere to the ARV therapy and to practice optimal self-care. Age, gender and education, in most cases, significantly influenced self-efficacy, but were found to have no effect on adherence. The CD4 count improved over the trial duration which may have been influenced by a number of factors, including better knowledge of ARVs and improved adherence. No significant parametric correlation was found between knowledge score and change in CD4 count, however, Spearman's rho showed significance (rs=0.498; p=0.022). Both patients and healthcare providers were highly enthusiastic about the illustrated labels and PILs, and indicated their desire for such materials to be routinely available to public sector HIV/AIDS patients. The isiXhosa version of the PIL was preferred by all the patients. These simple, easy-to-read leaflets and illustrated medication labels were shown to increase understanding and knowledge of ARVs and HIV/AIDS in low-literate patients, and their availability in the first-language of the patients was central to making them a highly useful information source.
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Bouton, Pola Lopez. "An exploration of the non-medical home care needs of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/691.
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Mumba, Mumba. "Physical disabilities among adults with HIV/AIDS being managed by the Makeni home-based carers in Lusaka, Zambia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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HIV and AIDS are now being considered as a chronic disease. As people live longer the possibility of physical disability increases. This study aimed to investigate the nature of physical disability among HIV/AIDS adults cared for by the Makeni home-based carers in Lusaka, Zambia. Disability was measured based on the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This study demonstrated that mostly mild impairments and mild to moderate activity limitations and participation restrictions exists among patients in the Makeni home-based care programme. This study concluded that physiotherapists and other health professionals will have to be more involved in the community home-based programs that are suited for people living with HIV/AIDS so that they are also provided with clinical assessments and rehabilitation services.
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Shelver, Amy. "The AIDS of aid?: long-term organisation challenges of a CBO dealing with HIV/AIDS, poverty and donor aid". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012321.
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The following treatise first frames the role of CBOs in responding to the HIV/Aids crisis in relation to their position in the global health governance system through a literature survey that moves from an analysis of the global structures down to the local. The survey covers the role of international organisations, international NGOs (INGOs), national governments, local NGOs and CBOs and outlines the context in which Masizakhe is working within the global health governance structure. Secondly the research design and methodology are outlined focusing on the longitudinal, case study and participant--‐observation approaches. Hypotheses, conceptualisation, definitions, key variables are described and data collection methods and fieldwork practice extrapolated upon. Following that data capturing, editing and analysis are discussed in conjunction with shortcomings and sources of error. In the fourth chapter the research discusses the history, structure and outlines the research findings by comparing what has changed within the organisation over time, presenting and discussing the results. The outcomes of this research have shown that existing problems in this particular CBO are very difficult to overcome without committed, sustained support from donors, government, community and the organisation’s members. CBOs are often hamstrung by a series of intersecting factors which hamper their ability to problem--‐solve, even when the route to overcoming the problem is clear, particularly when the capacity and will to do so is not always present from both within the organisation and from outside support systems. These challenges then impact on the overall quality of and ability to deliver the services the organisation is structured to deliver. The major challenge for the organisation remains the inconsistent donor cycle and resultant instability thus created within an organisation already working in a highly volatile, unstable situation marked by poverty and disease. Thus the title, The Aids of Aid?, captures the essence of Masizakhe’s struggle with its own syndrome of problems. It summarises a comment made by the project secretary said that: “Sometimes it feels like we are not only fighting for the health of our people – We are fighting for the health of our organisation. We are a sick organisation trying to help sick people. All we need is donors and funding –we can’t live without them, and when they don't give, we get sick” (Stamper, Pers Comm, 2011). The other emergent challenges were a battle internally with ‘founder syndrome’, lack of management transparency and a dysfunctional board.
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Ramela, Thato. "An illustrated information leaflet for low-literate HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy : design, development and evaluation". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007563.
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South Africa's HIV prevalence rate is estimated to be 5.7 million and at the end of2007 a total of 45845 HIV/AIDS adult patients were taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). The global incidence of HIV/AIDS has been slowly decreasing over the years but is still widespread. This disease is still more prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa than in other parts of the world, with more than 60% people living with HIV/AIDS. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the treatment of choice, slows the progression of the human immunovirus but demands a high adherence rate in excess of 95%. Patients who are poorly informed about antiretrovirals (ARVs) and misunderstand medicine-taking instructions or experience unexpected side effects may interrupt therapy, predisposing them to the development of resistance. Such patients need information but, given the poor literacy skills prevalent in South Africa, written information is often not fully comprehended and is often written at too high a reading level. The objectives of this research project were to design, modify and evaluate HIV / AIDS patient education materials for low-literate isiXhosa speaking adults residing in Grahamstown and to examine their impact on the understanding of various aspects of the disease and its treatment. Pictograms illustrating common side effects of ARVs (e.g. stavudine, efavirenz, lamivudine), as well as various sources 'for purchasing nonprescription medicines, storage and medicine-taking instructions were designed and evaluated both qualitatively, using group discussions, and quantitatively through individual interviews where interpretation of the pictograms was assessed. These pictograms were incorporated in a patient information leaflet (PIL) which had been specifically designed for people with limited reading skills and was a simple document containing the minimum of essential text. A previously developed PIL was modified in collaboration with the target population and two versions were produced, one incorporating pictograms illustrating side effects, the other with none. Pictograms were used in both to illustrate other medicine-taking instructions. The PILs were tested objectively to assess the readability, format, content, and general design. They were translated into isiXhosa prior to being qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in a low-literate isiXhosa speaking population. Understanding of the PILs was assessed by asking a series of questions about the PIL content. Participant opinion of the readability and appearance of the PIL was recorded. The relationship between PIL understanding and selected demographic variables was investigated. Findings from this study illustrated that well designed pictograms assist in the location of information in written leaflets and they may enhance understanding of the information. It was further demonstrated that education influences total understanding of PIL content thus emphasizing the need for tailor-written information in accordance with the education level of the target population. A desire to receive PILs incorporating pictograms was expressed by the majority of participants. Collaboration with the intended target population is essential to design culturally acceptable, easily interpreted pictograms and to produce user-friendly, easy-to-read, comprehensible patient education materials. The rigorous, iterative design, modification and testing process described in this study is one that should be adopted in producing all health-related education materials.
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Matondolo, Siyamthanda Luthando. "Utilisation of ICT in healthcare centre to support HIV/AIDS flow of information and service delivery In Khayelitsha". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2477.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012.This research is an attempt to investigate the utilisation of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in Healthcare to support the flow of HIV/AIDS patient’s general information in public and private sector. Furthermore, the research examines the detail flow of database information for healthcare service delivery to patients, in particular HIV/AIDS patients, in Khayelitsha Township. Finally, the research will detail the types of technologies currently being utilised to transfer this information, technology utilised for capturing or data collection profile of the patient. The research study data collecting was done in 2009 in mostly private and public healthcare centre in Khayelitsha township. First, the study will concentrate on general utilisation of ICT in healthcare service delivery and flow of information for public and private sector healthcare centres. Additionally, the research also looks at NGOs such as HIV/AIDS Unit in Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) and Treament Action Campaign (TAC) to find out what ICT equipment is being utilised to transfer this information to adult people to inform and make them to be aware of HIV/AIDS and improve healthcare service delivery to patients and particularly to HIV/AIDS patients. Taking NGO’s such as TAC and CPUT HIV/AIDS Unit that are well informed about HIV/AIDS, nationally and internationally will make our research results to be more precise. The research will also look at the utilisation of ICT in flow of information at healthcare centre such as communication between healthcare providers such as receptionist/clerk, nurses, doctors and medical researchers since they are the first people who deal with HIV/AIDS patient cases when they come for healthcare provision.
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Mwingira, Betty. "Development and assessment of medicines information for antiretroviral therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003257.
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Komanyane, Lorato. "Factors influencing the utilization of voluntary counselling and testing services amongst employees of the Lobatse Town Council in Botswana". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/535.
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In this study both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to find out to what extent the Lobatse Town Council employees used Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) HIV and AIDS services, the reasons for using or not using the services, the preferred service providers reasons for choosing a service provider. Lastly recommendations were made on how the uptake HIV and AIDS VCT services could increased amongst the employees. A sample of 200 respondents was selected from the employees of the Lobatse Town Council, and it was established that 65.5 percent of the respondents had used VCT. Females had a higher testing participation rates than males, white collar respondents had a higher testing participation than the blue collar respondents. There was a higher rate amongst the married than the single respondents and the older ages of 30 and above than the young ages of 29 years and under. In the study it was also established that the majority of the respondents considered voluntary counselling and testing for HIV and AIDS as being important. However there were some groups that were more positive than others regarding the importance of testing. More females than males were positive regarding the importance of testing, and also amongst the employment categories the white collar respondents were more positive than the blue collar respondents regarding the importance of HIV and AIDS testing. Furthermore it was established that the most important reason for testing amongst the employees that did test for HIV and AIDS was that they felt that they needed to undergo testing before they tested. The respondents that did not test for HIV and AIDS indicated that the most important reason for not testing was that they were scared the results could not be kept confidential. The research also showed that the most preferred service provider was Tebelopele. Tebelopele was the most used and preferred service provider amongst both gender and age groups, all marital groups and the blue collar group in the employment categories. However, for the white collar group the most preferred service provider was the private practitioners. The most common reason for choosing a service provider was confidentiality and privacy. Lastly, the research makes recommendations on what needs to be done to increase the uptake of VCT HIV and AIDS testing amongst the Lobatse Town Council employees. One of the recommendations is that there was a need to educate the employees of the Lobatse Town Council and that the education should be specific for each group. For example from the group discussion the participants felt that the reason to why males did not want to utilise HIV and AIDS VCT was because they lacked knowledge on the importance of testing. Also the respondents indicated that there was a need to remove stigma and discrimination through removing confidentiality attached to HIV and AIDS. It was also, recommended that the Lobatse Town Council formulate and implements a workplace policy on HIV and AIDS
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Jahan, Nowrozy Kamar Uraiwan Kanungsukkasem. "Evaluation of the impact of the Information Education Communication (IEC) program on the knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh /". Abstract, 2003. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2546/cd357/4538002.pdf.
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Bambani, Nomfezeko. "The utility of Weingarten's witness positions in the understanding of compassion fatigue in people who care for their own family members with AIDS". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004465.
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This paper explores the utility of Weingarten's (2003) witness positions in the understanding of compassion fatigue in people who care for their own family members with AIDS. The research is embedded in Weingarten's theory of witnessing and narrative theory and practice. The literature review explores the shift from hospital-based care to community/home-based care which has led to family members assuming the role of caring for their family members with AIDS, an overview of the effects of caring for AIDS patients on caregivers and an overview of Weingarten's (2003) theory of witnessing with special emphasis on the witnessing positions and their consequences. Interviews, based on narrative theory and practice in which Weingarten's theory is rooted, gave access to the participants' experiences, which were then analysed and interpreted through a framework developed from the witnessing theory. This article demonstrates the utility of Weingarten's (2003) theory of witnessing to people who are caregivers to their own family members with AIDS. I argue that witness positions occupied by caregivers during witnessing determine whether the caregivers will experience compassion fatigue. The negative consequences related to compassion fatigue that will be reviewed could probably be prevented through active, intentional, compassionate witnessing.
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Kgaphola, Kholofelo Lebogang. "The effectiveness of home community based care programmes in Victor Khanye sub-district in Nkangala district, Mpumalanga". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3909.
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The Home and Community Based Care (HCBC) and Support programme has been established as a cost effective response for communities to tackle HIV and AIDS and many other chronic conditions and vulnerabilities which are faced by individuals, families and communities. In terms of the Framework for Home and Community Based Care and Support Programme (2012: 4) HCBCs create an enabling platform for “individuals, families and communities to have access to holistic and comprehensive services nearest to home, which encourages participations by people, responds to the needs of the people, encourages traditional community life and strengthens mutual support opportunity and social responsibility”. Victor Khanye Local Municipality, IDP (2010-2011: 116) states that VKLM is faced with: a high incidence of HIV and AIDS due to poverty, ignorance and a lack of proper entertainment facilities; shortage of clinics and professional staff members, which makes it difficult for patients to access treatment and maximum care and support; and an increase in the number of OVCs which results in a lack of parental care and guidance, poverty, illiteracy, lack of access to medical care, school drop-outs and ultimately an increase in criminal activity and the further spread of HIV and AIDS. The research will assess the effectiveness of Home Community Based Care programmes (HCBCs) on orphaned and vulnerable children with specific reference to the Victor Khanye sub-district in Nkangala District, Mpumalanga Province. The research was conducted in Delmas and its surrounding farming areas. Victor Khanye sub-District has nine wards, most of which are predominantly farming rural areas. The field research took place during June and August 2013 and represents observations recorded at the field interviews, the local AIDS committee and one-on-one interviews with beneficiaries The study is concluded with conclusions drawn from the field study and recommendations.
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Shebi, Molemoeng. "The experiences and coping strategies of HIV/AIDS primary caregivers within two disadvantaged communities in the Western Cape metropole". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3484_1210839118.
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The Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) that leads to Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is considered to be spreading at a high rate in South Africa. Research indicates that this disease is highly prevalent among people 15 and 49. It is estimated that one in five adults in South Africa is HIV positive. Community or home-based care nurses manage the treatment of sufferers at their homes while under the care of their family members, friends, spouses and significant others. The present study explored the experiences and coping strategies of HIV/AIDS primary caregivers.
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Chaava, Thebisa Hamukoma. "Skills, training and support for carers in HIV/AIDS community home-based care: a case study of carers in Chikankata, Zambia". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Zambia has led to the development of innovative ways of coping with sickness related to this infection. HIV/AIDS home-based care is one such innovation designed in Chikankata Hospital in 1987. Home-based care depends on the availability of family members and community volunteers in the provision of care and support for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).This minithesis is based on a qualitative descriptive case study exploring perspectives regarding skills, supervision and support mechanisms for carers in the Chikankata HIV/AIDS Community-Home Based Care (CHBC) program. The study utilized documented research, focus group discussions with carers and structured interviews with local CHBC supervisors, national experts in CHBC, and PLWHA and their families, to collect data from 32 study participants.
The findings were that CHBC was being delivered by community volunteers with limited involvement from the local health services
that carers were highly motivated, personally and collectively mobilizing resources to meet the needs of CHBC clientele
that local arrangements for training, skills and support of carers were not aligned to national guidelines regarding process, content and duration of programmes
and that carers acquired skills in CHBC through formal and informal training processes and were facing challenges related to inadequate skills, poor infrastructure and extreme poverty in households caring for PLWHA.
Based on the findings the local arrangements for coordination of CHBC need to be strengthened and linked to formal processes for technical support, financial resources and materials for delivery of CHBC in line with existing guidelines on CHBC. The picture of the real situation of the carers that emerges from this qualitative study might inform the supervising organizations and policymakers on the gaps in the training and support of this crucial cadre in the provision of quality care for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at community level.
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Iyiani, Christian y n/a. "A case study of HIV/AIDS prevention in Nigeria : assessment and recommendations". University of Otago. Department of Social Work and Community Development, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080213.112805.
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This is a two-stage study of HIV/AIDS prevention. In Stage One, the study examines the HIV/AIDS approach of Western aid organisations (INGOs) and compares it to the lived realities of people who are most 'at risk', sex workers, unemployed street youth, and married low income families, in the poor migrant community of Ajegunle in Nigeria�s Lagos state. The study found that INGOs and their client NGOs emphasised Western medical models of HIV/AIDS for both intervention (e.g. testing and ARV drugs for management) and prevention (e.g. through education and behaviour change).
In contrast, among 'at-risk' groups, the study revealed a high degree of knowledge about the transmission of HIV/AIDS (contrary to Western medical assumptions), but also detected strong feelings of powerlessness in being able to address it. INGOs and their client organisations were operating at the levels of tertiary or curative and secondary or behaviour change prevention, whereas the views of the local 'at-risk people' indicated relevance of the primary prevention level, the social structural conditions of the people.
In analysing the results of the first stage of the study, the findings identified a process of 'talking past each other' by official aid agencies and those most at risk, thereby inhibiting effective prevention. The INGOs and NGOs used their financial power, based on the gross inequality in the world distribution of resources, to dictate their own agendas, omitting primary intervention and instead concentrating on secondary and tertiary prevention. The study suggests that new thinking about multi-sectoral responses with full community participation is necessary in order to engage in more effective preventive action.
The study then sought out alternative sources of power that might permit that to happen, notably the strengths of the local Ajegunle community. As a poor community, they lacked financial resources and human capital, such as skilled workers, but they had significant knowledge capital about their own circumstances and the realities people faced. The community also had considerable cultural capital and local organisations with considerable relational capital around community links, broad based support and commitment to such action.
This analysis suggests the need to identify and work through the power differentials using community development processes, especially seeking to empower local communities to take part in decision-making over prevention, if effective action is to take place. The process required is one of a negotiated, inclusive partnerships for sharing information, experience, and decision-making, involving all the relevant stakeholders - the International Organisations (INGOs), National NGOs, Community Groups and the community itself.
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Klopper, Ceridwyn Elza. "Factors influencing HIV status disclosure". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17857.
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Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Understanding the incidence and prevalence of HIV/AIDS is important in addressing the ongoing epidemic. Understanding which factors influence the rate of transmission of the virus is critical in attempting to contain and ultimately eradicate the disease. Determining which factors influence a person’s decision to disclose his/her positive status to others, particularly the sexual partner, is essential in understanding this complex process and thereby improving disclosure rates. The aim of the study was to investigate which factors influence the disclosure of someone’s HIV positive status. The objectives were to determine whether aspects such as socio-demographic factors, stigma and discrimination, religion, culture, fear of abandonment and rejection as well as knowledge of the disease influences disclosure rates. These objectives were met through an in-depth descriptive correlational research design with a quantitative approach. The target population (N = 1200/100%) consisted of all the HIV infected clients who attended a Community Health Clinic (CHC) for HIV management in the Cape Metropolitan area. The convenience sampling method was used to select the sample of participants (n = 150/12.5%) who met the criteria and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used consisting of mainly closed-ended questions, with a limited number of open-ended questions. Ethics approval for the study was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University. Permission was obtained from the City of Cape Town: City Health, to conduct the research. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Reliability and validity were supported by a pilot study which was conducted on (n=15/10%) of participants at this CHC to assure the feasibility of the study. The data was analysed with the support of a statistician and was presented with histograms and frequency tables. Statistical associations were determined between the various variables. The qualitative data obtained from the open-ended questions were grouped in trends and analysed thematically and then these trends were quantified. The results show that there are numerous factors which influenced HIV status disclosure. The fear of stigmatisation was identified as a factor which influences HIV disclosure to others, especially among the male participants. The results revealed that this was the major reason for delayed or non-disclosure, as well as the fear of rejection and blame. The results showed that awareness of the sexual partner’s HIV status remained relatively low (n = 64/43%), with awareness of the partner’s status highest among married participants. The recommendations were to assure that HIV positive individuals have access to support groups and are given an opportunity to attend multiple counselling sessions. Community based initiatives are needed to reduce stigmatisation of individuals with HIV and to improve access to social support systems. It was concluded that disclosure is a multifaceted process and one particular factor does not necessarily influence disclosure of a HIV positive status but most often a combination of factors.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is belangrik om die verspreiding en voorkoms van MIV/VIGS te verstaan om die gesprek rondom die voortdurende epidemie aan te roer. Kennis van watter faktore die snelheid beïnvloed waarteen die virus oorgedra word, is krities in ’n poging om dit onder beheer te hou en uiteindelik uit te wis. Om te bepaal watter faktore ’n mens se besluit beïnvloed om jou positiewe status van MIV aan andere bekend te maak, veral aan ’n seksuele maat, is dit belangrik om die kompleksiteit van die proses te begryp en sodoende die pas van bekendmaking te verbeter. Die doel van die studie is om te bepaal watter faktore beïnvloed die bekendmaking van ’n MIV positiewe status. Die doelwitte is om vas te stel of aspekte soos sosio-demografiese faktore, stigma en diskriminasie, godsdiens, kultuur, vrees vir verlating en verwerping en kennis van die siekte, die insidensie van bekendmaking beïnvloed. ’n Beskrywende korrelatiewe navorsingsontwerp met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering is toegepas. Die teikengroep (N=1200/100%) het bestaan uit al die MIV geïnfekteerde persone wat ’n Gemeenskapgesondheidskliniek vir die bestuur van MIV in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse area besoek het. Die gerieflikheidssteekproef metode is gebruik om die steekproef van deelnemers (n=150/12.5%) te kies wat vrywillig ingestem het om aan die kriteria vir die studie te voldoen. ’n Self-geadministreerde vraelys was gebruik wat hoofsaaklik uit geslote vrae met ’n beperkte aantal ope vrae bestaan. Etiese goedkeuring vir die studie is verkry van die Gesondheidsnavorsing se Etiese Komitee by die Fakulteit van Gesondheidswetenskappe, Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Toestemming is verkry van die stad Kaapstad: Stad Gesondheid, om die navorsing uit te voer. Ingeligte toestemming is van die deelnemers verkry. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid is ondersteun deur ’n loodsstudie wat op (n=15/10%) van die deelnemers beoefen is by die Gemeenskapsgesondheidkliniek om die uitvoerbaarheid van die studie te verseker.Die data is geanaliseer met die ondersteuning van ’n statistikus en is deur histogramme en frekwensie-tabelle voorgestel. Statistiese assosiasies is vasgestel tussen die verskeie veranderlikes. Die kwalitatiewe data is geneem vanuit ope vrae wat gegroepeer is in neigings en tematies geanaliseer is en die neigings is hierna gekwantifiseer. Die uitslae bewys dat daar heelwat faktore is wat die bekendmaking van MIV statusstatus beïnvloed. Die vrees vir stigmatisering is geïdentifiseer as ’n faktor met betrekking tot die bekendmaking van MIV aan andere, veral onder die manlike deelnemers. Die uitslae bewys dat dit die hoofrede vir terughoudendheid of nie-bekendmaking van die siekte is, asook die vrees vir ververwerping en blaam. Die resultate bewys dat die bewustheid van die seksuele maat se MIV statusstatus relatief laag bly (n=64/43%) met bewustheid van die maat se status die hoogste onder getroude deelnemers. Die aanbevelings is om te verseker dat MIV positiewe individue toegang het tot ondersteuningsgroepe en dat hulle geleentheid gegee word om veelvuldige voorligtingsessies by te woon. Gemeenskapgebaseerde inisiatiewe is nodig om stigmatisering van individue met MIV te verminder en vir die verbetering van toegang tot maatskaplike ondersteuningsisteme. Ter samevatting kan die gevolgtrekking gemaak word, dat; die bekend making van MIV positiewe status word nie noodwendig beïnvloed deur ʼn spesifieke faktor of meervlakkige besluitnemings proses nie, maar eerder deur ʼn kombinasie van faktore.
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Zulu, Nompumelelo Patience. "The effect of an informal caregiver's programme on the care of patients infected with HIV/AIDS". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5382.
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Thesis (MCur (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Nursing Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background & rationale: South Africa is faced with the major challenge of HIV/AIDS. Every South African has a vital role to play in managing this public health problem. One of the best ways of managing it is by informing and educating the communities about HIV/AIDS, as the communities lack knowledge about it. Problem statement: Due to the increase in the number of patients infected with HIV/AIDS, an informal caregiver’s programme was introduced to ensure that patients are better cared for at home, in a familiar environment and by their family members. Purpose and objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of an informal caregiver’s programme on the care of patients with HIV/AIDS. The objectives included evaluating the effect of care, physically, socially, spiritually, emotionally, information and educational support given. Methodology: A phenomenological research design was applied to evaluate the effects of an informal caregiver’s programme implemented for the care of patients infected with HIV/AIDS at Mfuleni Township in the Cape Metropolitan area. Population and sampling: The population of this study were HIV/AIDS infected patients who were participating in the informal caregiver’s programme. Ten of these patients, who gave consent, participated in the study. Reliability, validity & pilot study: The trustworthiness of this study was assured with the use of Lincoln and Guba criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability. A pre-test study was also completed. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was obtained from the Stellenbosch University and the required consent from the individual participants. Data collection, analysis and results: Data was collected through an interview using an interview schedule based on the objectives. Data was analysed and the findings show that the care given to patients infected by HIV/AIDS at home through an informal caregiver’s programme has a positive outcome. Recommendations and conclusion: On the spot training of participants and their family members is recommended. The community health workers form a very strong support base for the participants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond en rasionaal: Suid-Afrika kom te staan voor ’n reuse uitdaging t.o.v. HIV/VIGS. Elke Suid-Afrikaner het ’n belangrike rol te speel in die beheer van hierdie openbare gesondheidsprobleem. Een van die beste maniere om dit te beheer, is om gemeenskappe in te lig en op te voed aangaande MIV/VIGS, aangesien daar ’n gebrek aan kennis hieromtrent is. Probleemstelling: Weens die toename in die aantal pasiënte wat deur MIV/VIGS geaffekteer word, is ’n informele versorgingsprogram daarop ingestel om te verseker dat pasiënte beter tuis versorg word in ’n bekende omgewing en deur hul familielede. Doel en doelwitte: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effek van ’n informele versorgingsprogram in die versorging van pasiënte met MIV/VIGS te evalueer. Die doelwitte is uiteengesit om die effek van die versorging wat gegee is, te evalueer met verwysing na die fisiese, sosiale, geestelike, emosionele, inligting en opvoedingsondersteuning te evalueer. Metodologie: ’n Fenomenologiese navorsingsontwerp is toegepas om die effekte te evalueer van ’n informele versorgingsprogram wat geïmplementeer is vir die versorging van pasiënte wat deur MIV/VIGS geaffekteer is in die Mfuleni woonbuurt in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse area te evalueer. Bevolking en steekproef: Die bevolking van hierdie studie is MIV/VIGS geaffekteerde pasiënte wat deelgeneem het aan die informele versorger se program. Tien van hierdie pasiënte wat toestemming verleen het, het deelgeneem aan hierdie studie. Betroubaarhied, geldigheid en loodsondersoek: Die betroubaarheid van hierdie studie is verseker deur die gebruik van Lincoln en Guba se kriteria van geloofwaardigheid, oordraagbaarheid, afhanklikheid en ooreenstemmigheid. ’n Aanvoortoets is ook voltooi. Etiese oorwegings: Etiese goedkeuring is van die Stellenbosch Universiteit en die vereiste toestemming van die individuele deelnemers verkry. Dataversameling, analise en uitslae: Data is ingesamel deur gebruik te maak van ’n onderhoudskedule wat gebaseer is op die doewitte. Data is geanaliseer en die bevindinge het bewys dat versorging wat by die huis deur ’n informele versorgingsprogram aan pasiënte gegee word wat met MIV/VIGS geaffekteer is, ’n positiewe uitkoms het. Aanbevelings en gevolgtrekkings: Op-die-plekopleiding van HIV geïnfekteerde pasiente en hul familielede word aanbeveel. Die gemeenskap se gesondheidswerkers bied ’n sterk ondersteuningsbasis aan die deelnemers.
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Ailing, Wang Luechai Sringernyuang. "Uses of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Services : a study of HIV-positive women in Yining, Xinjiang, China /". Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd388/4737914.pdf.
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Ferreira, Clive J. "Churches as providers of HIV/AIDS care : a normative and empirical study". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71797.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is, as yet, no cure for HIV/AIDS, a disease that has affected South African society profoundly. While antiretrovirals (ARVs) are now available and have stemmed the tide of AIDS deaths, medicines alone cannot be seen as a long-term solution. Treatment costs, finite resources, limited health-care capacity, morbidity and the unpleasant side-effects of ARVs, make treatment an untenable solution. The Christian church in South Africa continues to retain a powerful position; it has a significant affiliation; it is present in most geographic areas and inspires trust and confidence. Furthermore, in my view, the church, by its very nature and calling, is mandated not only to demonstrate and provide care, but also to inspire care-giving. In the light of HIV/AIDS, what does care mean? Can it only mean rendering care that is welfarist in nature? Or does the church have the mandate to look beyond immediate suffering, to examine and address those issues that lie at the core of suffering? Research has demonstrated that issues such as poverty, injustice, stigma, discrimination, gender inequality and patriarchy fuel the pandemic. Ultimately, it is the “othering” of people; the failure not to recognise God in another person and our common humanity, that lie at the heart of the problem. These then, I suggest, are the very reasons why the church must address these areas. But that is not all: if HIV/AIDS care is to be rendered in a developmental way, then there must be a thorough understanding of the disease: how is the virus transmitted, how can it be prevented and treated? It is also important to understand that there is not a single global epidemic but many local epidemics; the determinants and risk-factors of these need to be recognised, as must the cultural, economic, political and social contexts that fuel the spread of the disease. The changing nature of society, the effects of globalisation, the evolving nature of care owing to biomedical advances and even the “privatisation” of sex all need to be comprehended. Furthermore, any meaningful rendering of care requires the churches to examine why they should be giving it and the values that underpin such care-giving. I make the case that the churches are required to do nothing less than drive social change in situations of suffering, injustice and abuse. An examination of the history of HIV/AIDS in South Africa illustrates that the churches have often failed to meet up to this calling. An empirical study was conducted as to how the churches render care at a more micro, grassroots level, using a framework propounded by David Korten, who suggests that authentic development must be people-centred, rather than growthcentred. Essentially, development must seek to increase personal and institutional capacities, guided by principles of justice, sustainability and inclusiveness. In these respects, I argue, it accords very strongly with the Christian message. Korten suggests that there are four orientations (or generations) of rendering help but it is only the fourth generation that is truly developmental. Through the use of case study methodology, I sought to examine the manner in which the churches render care, in a region of the Western Cape, outside Cape Town, known as the Helderberg Basin. The area is representative of many peri-urban areas in the Cape: it is predominantly Christian, with a mix of different denominations and racial and socio-economic groupings. It allowed for an assessment of care initiatives afforded by mainline, charismatic and African Independent Churches and in particular, sought to answer the question of whether churches engage with HIV/AIDS in a way that Korten would identify as developmental. From the research, it is clear that the church is hampered by its inability to talk of sex and sexuality; its knowledge of the issues surrounding HIV/AIDS is limited; it has not done a sufficient amount to conscientise its followers; the church has yet to learn to utilise its networks; it lacks technical know-how and is unwilling to engage in the political sphere. Social change is only possible if the church embraces a new vision of how to create a better world. Additionally, I recommend that the church looks to the emerging church movement to achieve radical transformation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/VIGS is ‘n siekte wat Suid-Afrika onmeetbaar beїnvloed en waarvoor daar tot op hede geen genesing is nie. Antiretrovirale middels (ARVs) is weliswaar beskikbaar en het die gety van VIGS sterftes gestuit maar medisyne kan nie alleen as die langtermyn oplossing gesien word nie. Behandelingskoste, beperkte hulpbronne en vermoë om gesondheidsorg te lewer, morbiditeit en die negatiewe newe-effekte van ARVs bring mee dat slegs mediese behandeling ‘n onhoudbare oplossing is. Die Christelike kerk in Suid-Afrika behou steeds ‘n magsposisie; dit het ‘n beduidende lidmaatskap asook ‘n teenwoordigheid in meeste dele van die land en boesem vertroue en sekerheid in. Dié kerk is na my mening gemandateer deur haar besondere aard en roeping om nie alleen sorg te bewys en te voorsien nie maar ook om versorging aan te moedig. Maar wat beteken sorg, gegewe die aard van MIV/VIGS? Kan dit slegs die lewering van welsyngerigte sorg beteken? Of sou die kerk die mandaat hê om verder as onmiddellike lyding te kyk en ondersoekend die kwessies wat aan die wortel van lyding lê, aan te spreek? Navorsing het aangetoon dat kwessies soos armoede, onreg, stigma, diskriminasie, geslagsongelykheid en patriargie die epidemie aanvuur. Uiteindelik is dit die objektivering (“othering”) van mense - dit is die onvermoë om God nie in ‘n ander persoon en ons gemeenskaplike mensheid te herken nie - wat die hart van die probleem is. Ek betoog dat hierdie die redes is waarom die kerk hierdie kwessies moet aanspreek. Om ondersoek in te stel of en tot watter mate die kerk sorg verskaf in verband met MIV/VIGS het ek die raamwerk van David Korten gebruik. Dié raamwerk stel voor dat outentieke ontwikkeling mensgesentreerd eerder as groeigesentreed sal wees. Ontwikkeling moet essensieel streef na ‘n toename van persoonlike en institusionele vermoë, gerig deur beginsels van geregtigheid, volhoubaarheid en inklusiwiteit. Ek toon aan dat hierdie beginsels baie sterk ooreenkom met die Christelike boodskap. Korten stel vier hulplewerende oriëntasies (ook genoem generasies) voor maar dit is eintlik slegs die vierde generasie van hulp wat werklik ontwikkelingsgerig is. Maar dit is nie al nie. Indien MIV/VIGS versorging ontwikkelingsgerig gaan wees, moet dit gegrond wees op ‘n diepgaande verstaan en kennis van die siekte soos onder andere, hoe die virus versprei word en hoe die siekte voorkóm en behandel kan word? Dit is ook belangrik om te verstaan dat daar nie slegs ‘n enkele globale epidemie is nie maar verskeie lokale epidemies. Die veroorsakende en risiko faktore van hierdie epidemies moet daarom geїdentifiseer word en so ook die kulturele, ekonomiese, politieke en sosiale konteks wat die verspreiding van hierdie siekte aanhelp. Die veranderende aard van gemeenskappe, die effek van globalisering, die ontwikkelende aard van gesondheidsorg vanweë die vooruitgang in die mediese wetenskap en die “privatisering” van seks moet alles in ag geneem word. Betekenisvolle versorging vereis dat kerke ondersoek instel na waarom die versorging aangebied word en die waardes onderliggend daaraan. Ek stel die saak dat daar van kerke verwag word om sosiale verandering te stuur waar mense swaarkry, onregverdig behandel en misbruik word. ‘n Ondersoek na die geskiedenis van MIV/VIGS in Suid-Afrika illustreer dat kerke dikwels misluk het om aan hierdie roeping gehoor te gee. In opvolging van die bostaande argumente het ek navorsing uitgevoer oor hoe kerke sorg op ‘n mikro of voetsool-vlak aanbied. Hiervoor het ek die genoemde mensgesentreerde ontwikkelingsraamwerk van David Korten gebruik. ‘n Gevalstudie benadering is gevolg in die Helderbergkom wat geleë is in ‘n streek van Wes- Kaapland buite Kaapstad. Hierdie gebied is verteenwoordigend van baie buitestedelike gebiede van die Kaap: dit is oorwegend Christelik en sluit ‘n verskeidenheid van denominasies, rasse en sosio-ekonomiese groeperings in. Die gebied maak ‘n oorsig moontlik van die sorg-inisiatiewe van hoofstroom, charismatiese en Afrika onafhanklike Kerke, en in die besonder van ‘n identifikasie daarvan of kerke betrokke by MIV/VIGS dit doen op ‘n wyse wat Korten sou tipeer as ontwikkelingsgerig. Uit hierdie navorsing het dit duidelik geword dat die kerk gekniehalter word deur ‘n onvermoë om oor seks en seksualiteit te praat; die kerk se kennis beperk is wanneer dit kom by kwessies wat handel oor MIV/VIGS; dit nie genoeg doen om lidmate bewus te maak van VIGS kwessies nie; dit nog veel te leer het oor hoe om netwerke aan te wend; dit tegniese kennis kort en onwillig is om met sake van politieke belang om te gaan. Sosiale verandering is alleen moontlik indien die kerk ‘n nuwe visie voorhou oor hoe om ‘n beter wêreld te skep. Ek beveel ten slotte aan dat die kerk let op die ontluikende kerkbeweging om radikale transformasie te verwesenlik.
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Gwandure, Calvin. "The development, implementation and evaluation of a locus of control-based training programme for HIV and AIDS risk reduction among university students". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1242.
Texto completoResumen
There is an escalation of HIV and AIDS among the youth in South Africa and other developing countries. Research on HIV and AIDS risk factors has tended to focus more on poverty, gender, race, illiteracy, and violence than personality factors that could influence an individual` s health-protective behaviour. Previous studies have also shown that wealth, education, race, and gender may not make an individual more or less vulnerable to HIV infection. This study argued that locus of control could influence an individual` s health-protective behaviour and that external locus of control could be a risk factor in HIV and AIDS risk reduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a locus of control-based training programme in reducing HIV and AIDS risk among university students. The locus of control-based variables that formed the training programme for HIV and AIDS risk reduction among university students were: social systems control, self-control, fatalism, achievement-oriented behaviour, deferment of gratification, personal values and expectancies, and social alienation. These locus of control-based variables were regarded as contexts in which individuals could exhibit health risk behaviours. A sample of 257 first-year university students participated in the study. There were (N = 170) female participants and (N = 87) male participants drawn from the University of the Witwatersrand. The study was a pretest-posttest repeated measures design. Data were analysed using t tests, correlations, multiple regression, structural equation modelling, and repeated measures tests. The results of this study showed significant differences in health risks between participants with an external locus of control and participants with an internal locus of control. There was a significant relationship between locus of control-based variables and HIV and AIDS risk. The locus of control-based training programme significantly modified personality and significantly reduced locus of control-based health risks and HIV and AIDS risk. Directions for future research on locus of control, health risks, and HIV and AIDS risk could focus on the development and implementation of various locus of control-based training programmes in South Africa. Locus of control should be targeted as a health risk factor in HIV and AIDS risk reduction training programmes.
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Ntombela, Mandla Maxwell. "Sources of HIV/AIDS information used by residential students on the Pietermaritzburg campus of the University of Natal". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1821.
Texto completoResumen
The study was conducted to identify the sources of HIV/AIDS information used by residential university students on the Pietermaritzburg campus of the former University of Natal. HIV/AIDS is one of the scourges that the world is faced with. South Africa, before the 1994 elections, was fighting the obvious enemy, apartheid. The enemy now is the silent killer, HIV/AIDS. The future leaders, the students of this country, need to be challenged to behave in a manner that will bring about a change in their sexual behaviour, so that no students are lost to the AIDS epidemic and neither are the skills that they have acquired. The research was conducted at the then University of Natal (now known as the University of KwaZulu-Natal). The researcher administered a questionnaire to residential students of Pietermaritzburg campus to determine the sources of HIV/AIDS information used by them. There were four residences included in the study, namely Denison, Malherbe Hall, Petrie Hall and William O'Brien Hall. The study argues that it is time for the university sector and its partners to take stock of a situation that might quickly outpace the institutions. AIDS has become an everyday reality in the university system . There is a need for a clearer, more forceful definition of roles and responsibilities amongst all the partners in response to the epidemic. Provision of relevant information in an appropriate format needs to be an integral part of the University's response to HIV/AIDS. The study found that the residential students were generally satisfied with the existing sources of HIV/AIDS information. They did encounter problems in finding information in some of the sources given in the study. The study revealed that some of the sources of HIV/AIDS information were used more than others. The study suggested that the sources that are most frequently used should be utilised by information providers or university information stakeholders to disseminate information on HIV/AIDS among students. This study should help the University of KwaZulu-Natal to improve the information - related aspect of its HIV/AIDS intervention strategies at a time when the HIV/AIDS epidemic is threatening the academic sphere and the whole community at large.Thesis (M.I.S.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Ramiah, Padmini. "Teachers' dominant discourses of barriers to basic education in an HIV and AIDS context". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1948.
Texto completoResumen
This study is situated within a poststructuralist paradigm and uses qualitative methods to examine how teachers map and make sense of intersecting barriers to basic education embedded in their specific schooling contexts and communities, in particular, in a context in which HIV/AIDS prevalence is high. The study examines how teacher constructions of their experiences of teaching in a particular context shape their taken for granted understandings of the intersecting barriers to basic education. In other words, it explored how teachers position themselves within historically constructed discourses about their learners and the community in which they teach, and how these shape their understandings of barriers to basic education. The participants were thirty-six teachers (ten males and twenty six females) from five schools in the Richmond Municipality. Focus group interviews were used to access participants understanding and experiences' of barriers to schooling in the context of HIV and AIDS. Within the focus group sessions, participatory techniques were used as a means of drawing out sensitive information from participants, namely, a ranking exercise and the vulnerability matrix. The findings in the study suggest that the teachers relied on a deficiency framework as a basis for understanding the intersecting barriers to basic education in an HIV and AIDS context. Five key themes relating to this framework emerged: a discourse of detachment; silences; difference as deficit; normalisation discourse; and a discourse of caring.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Dube, Luyanda. "The management and diffusion of HIV/AIDS information in institutions of higher learning in South Africa". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/44.
Texto completoResumen
Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science at the
University of Zululand, 2005.The impact of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is devastating worldwide especially among tertiary institutions whose constituencies are within the age bracket between 15-45 years. Unfortunately there is still no cure for the disease, and one way of controlling the rampant nature of the pandemic is through educational and enlightening interventions backed by appropriate information. The aim of the study was to assess the framework, nature and scope of the institutional response as well as the appropriateness of HIV/AIDS information dissemination interventions developed and employed by institutions of higher learning in South Africa for the prevention of the spread of the pandemic. The study was informed by theoretical framework grounded on the Diffusion of Innovations theory. Both qualitative and quantitative research design and methodologies were employed largely through survey, observation and document analysis. The study targeted HIV/AIDS service providers, health centers and institutional libraries within all public universities and technikons in South Africa. The respondents within institutions were identified largely through non-probability sampling techniques such as snowball and purposive sampling. The study mapped out the HIV/AIDS response of the higher education sector in relation to programmes offered and strategies and methods that are used to manage the pandemic and disseminate information. The findings reveal that the response of the higher education sector to HIV/AIDS is not uniform, but there is a positive move towards strong management of HIV/AIDS and information diffusion. Secondly, it is observed that the disease has some impact on institutional mandates such as teaching, learning, research and community service. Unexpectedly, the study confirmed widely held views that are also reported in related studies, that the response of academic institutions to the disease is still characterized by silence, denial, discrimination and stigma as most institutions do not address the disease openly. Thirdly, it was established that in those institutions where there is an AIDS Centre the response seemed to be more systematic and well guided as compared to those that relied on the services of the health centre. Fourthly, there was no distinction made in terms of the nature and strength of the institutional response between service providers that had higher academic qualifications and those that did not have. Most highly qualified respondents though had other academic responsibilities, dealt with HIV/AIDS as additional job. Fifthly, it was easy to distinguish between historically advantaged and disadvantaged institutions, as the tatter had interventions that were underdeveloped and limited in scope and depth. Similarly, universities as compared to technikons demonstrated more intense interventions and better resource provision. Sixth, in most institutions management supports the institutional HIV/AIDS management and response. This involvement was evident through observation on the nature of the response, capacity buildings and resources on the ground. However, it was sadly observed that this executive commitment to HIV/AIDS seemed to be overridden by other priorities such as the reconfiguration and reconstruction of the sector. Further, noted that all institutions have HIV/AIDS policies, but some of them have not implemented these policies. Seven, though the Higher Education HIV/AIDS Programme is coordinating the HIV/AIDS response within the whole sector, it does not seem to have all the answers for the systemic problems that are cropping up. Eight, HiV/AlDS information is disseminated by the institutional libraries, HIV/AIDS service providers and health centers. Mostly, information is disseminated in print form while other modem media seemed to be underutilized and repackaging is not extensively done due, partly, to shortage of resources and capacities. The study found strong link between the theoretical models earlier mentioned and results of the study. Specifically, these theories confirmed the importance of the content of HIV/AIDS messages and the value of horizontal and vertical communication strategies. The study recommends that the institutional response needs to be revamped and redesigned to improve the traditional information dissemination strategies that are used by most academic institutions. Information dissemination strategies should be designed in line with current trends in socio-cultural and political lifestyles of young people. However, though there are still flaws and inefficiencies, the sector is responding positively to the epidemic and efforts are being made to synchronize and coordinate the systemic response. The study recommends further research on feasibility, applicability and effectiveness of the centralized coordination of the higher education HIV/AIDS response. It also recommends that the higher education sector should be more involved in the initiative of the Higher Education HIV/AIDS Programme to make valuable contributions based on experiential encounters. Similarly, strategies should be rapidly implemented to redress past imbalances in relation to strengthening capacities and resources of previously disadvantaged institutions to enable them to deal effectively with the disease. Other issues have been unearthed and a model for effective HIV/AIDS management and information diffusion in the sector suggested.
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Parker, Warren. "The development of community-based media for AIDS education and prevention in South Africa: towards an action-based participatory research model". Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3554.
Texto completoResumen
This research explores the development of community-based media for HIV/AIDS education and prevention. The theoretical framework for the research was based in semiotic, cultural studies and participatory action research perspectives and is critical of conventional approaches to communication and media production.
Conceptual ideas for the media products emerged through interaction with small groups of participants utilising participatory action research and focus group methodology. A series of posters were produced and distributed within the communities studied. The research demonstrates a practicable and replicable methodology for deriving community perspectives around a range of issues and articulating these via small media products. The methodology is relevant to health education, but may also be applicable to a range of community-based initiatives that seek to facilitate social change.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, 1994.
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Schoombee, R. "Interventions in community library services for HIV/AIDS awareness : a case study in the Bojanala region". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1772.
Texto completoResumen
This dissertation reports on a study undertaken to determine interventions that community libraries can engage in to improve HIV/AIDS awareness.
Chapter One describes the background for the study by providing information portraying the background, research problem, aim and objectives -as well as the research methodology to be followed to ensure its successful completion.
Chapter Two examines the social role and responsibility of the community library - with reference to HIV/AIDS awareness. International and national sources are used to establish what role the community libraries should play in providing resources for communal benefit.
Chapter Three deals with HIV/AIDS awareness interventions currently engaged in by community libraries as well as proposed interventions. A list and description of intervention types is included. This list forms the foundation for the interview guide.
Chapter Four describes the interview process.
Chapter Five reports on the results of the interviews.
Chapter Six provides an integrated summary of the findings from the literature review and those from the interviews in the Bojanala region.
Chapter Seven concludes with a summary of recommendations and suggestions for possible further research.
Essentially, the study consists of
an examination of the social role and responsibility of the community library regarding HIV/AIDS awareness.
An international and national literature review of the types of interventions that community libraries can embark upon to promote HIV/AIDS awareness amongst community members of all age groups.
An investigation - by means of interviews with librarians/library workers in the Bojanala region - on what interventions are currently undertaken to promote HIV/AIDS awareness among the community of the Bojanala region.
Recommendations regarding the types of interventions that community libraries in South Africa may provide to assist in enhancing HIV/AIDS awareness.
The literature review identified the social role and responsibility of the community library; interventions currently engaged in by community libraries; and pointed the way for proposed HIV/AIDS awareness interventions that community libraries could embark on as part of their social responsibility role.
It was clear from the national and international literature review that the community library - with its years of experience in information acquisition, organisation, dissemination and use - is a natural ally in supporting HIV/AIDS awareness. The aim of this investigation was to determine the social role and responsibility of community libraries in the promotion of HIV/AIDS awareness.
The interventions that community library services could embark on to promote HIV/AIDS awareness.
The researcher investigated the interventions that the Bojanala region could embark on to comply with the vision of the Department of Social Development (2002:9) ”that both the government and civil society as a whole develop well directed and purposeful programmes to tackle the HIV/AIDS pandemic.” This was done through face-to-face interviews with librarians/library workers responsible for managing community projects. Compared with the HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in other regions and provinces (Northern Cape and Limpopo) with similar populations, the Bojanala region was identified as a region with a high HIV prevalence rate.
The recommendations made by the researcher covered nine sections pertaining to HIV/AIDS interventions, namely:
Users
Policies
HIV/AIDS information resources
Collection Development
Partnerships
HIV/AIDS awareness programmes
Interventions
Promotion
Staff training
The recommendations that emerge from the research could be implemented in any community library in any given country with a high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate.Information Science
(M. Tech. (Business Administration))
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Kiwombojjo, Michael. "The role of capacity building in community home based care for AIDS patients: an exploratory study of Taso : Sseeta-Nazigo Community Aids Initiative". Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/748.
Texto completoResumen
The focused of this study is the role of capacity building in Community Home Based Care (CHBC) for HIV/AIDS patients. The study forms part of my Master's in Development Administration programme, undertaken through UNISA. The dissertation was accomplished by studying the
TASO community initiative in Sseeta-Nazigo, Mukono District, Uganda. It explores the concept of capacity building and its applicability to CHBC.
The primacy data was gathered by conducting Key Infonnant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The secondary data was gathered by reviewing literature to augment the primary data. In addition, data was gathered through observations within the community.
The fmdings have identified seven critical components of capacity building: community mobilisation, skills development, Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT), networking and collaboration, support and supervision, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). The study observed that capacity built in the above areas resulted in three outcomes: skills development, improvement in procedures, and institutional development. Informed recommendations were subsequently made related to the seven componentsof capacity building in CHBCDevelopment Studies
M. A. (Development Studies)
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Kellerman, Anso. "Vigs-voorkoming as 'n funksie van primêre gesondheidsorg". Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17063.
Texto completoResumen
Text in AfrikaansSummaries in Afrikaans and English
VIGS is 'n gesondheidsprobleem wat 'n impak uitoefen op alle gebiede in die samelewing. Voorkoming is die enigste vorm van bekamping. As gevolg hiervan, word VIGS-voorkoming binne die funksies van primere gesondheidsorg geplaas. Die persoon wat die funksies van primere gesondheidsorg uitoefen, is die gemeenskapsgesondheidswerker. Binne hierdie raamwerk is die terme primere gesondheidsorg, gemeenskapsgesondheidswerker en VIGS bespreek en die onderlinge interaksie is aangetoon. Die opleiding wat die gemeenskapsgesondheidswerker op VIGS-gebied ondergaan, is meegemaak. Die prioriteite wat op nasionale, provinsiale en plaaslike vlak bestaan is deur middel van onderhoude nagevors. Die effektiwiteit van die VIGS-voorkomingsboodskap soos oorgedra deur die gemeenskapsgesondheidswerker is tydens 'n inligtingsessie van hoerskoolleerlinge bepaal. Gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings is in elk van bogenoemde gevalle gemaak. VIGS-voorkomingsinisiatiewe is nog in die kinderskoene in Suid-Afrika, maar het 'n belangrike rol te speel.
AIDS is a health problem that impacts on all societal spheres. Prevention is the only form of combat. Therefore, AIDS prevention falls within the functions of primary health care. The person performing these functions is the community health worker. Within this framework the terms primary health care, community health worker and AIDS were discussed and their interrelatedness illustrated. A session during which community health workers received training in aspects of AIDS was attended. Priorities existing at national, provincial and local levels were researched through interviews. The effectiveness of the community health worker in spreading the AIDS prevention message was determined during an information session for secondary school pupils. Conclusions and recommendations were made in each of these cases. AIDS prevention initiatives are still in its infancy in South Africa, but has an important role to play.
Health Studies
M.A. (Ontwikkelingsadministrasie)
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Gadabu, Oliver Jintha. "Prescribing cotrimoxazole prophylactic therapy (CPT) before and after an electronic medical record system implementation in two selected hospitals in Malawi". Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14404.
Texto completoResumen
Opportunistic infections (OIs) have been identified as a leading cause of poor outcomes in the ARV therapy (ART) programme. In order to reduce OIs, the Malawi, MoH introduced routine prescription of cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) in 2005. The MoH also started scaling up a point-of-care electronic medical record (EMR) system in 2007 to improve monitoring and evaluation.
This study had the following objectives: i) to quantify prescription of CPT before and after implementing EMR; ii) to compare the difference in CPT prescription before and after implementing EMR.
A historically controlled study design was used to compare CPT prescriptions one year before, and one year after implementation of the EMR at two health facilities.
The data indicated that there was a significant (P <0.001) decrease in CPT prescribing at one health facility and a significant increase in CPT prescription at another.Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
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Chademana-Munodawafa, Kudzai E. "An analysis of livelihood strategies of HIV/AIDS affected households receiving support from Catholic Relief Services (CRS) in Chegutu, Zimbabwe". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/951.
Texto completo
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Govender, Vathanayagi. "The experiences of social workers in the provision of reconstruction services to HIV infected children". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1750.
Texto completoResumen
Abdool Karim (Daily News, 02 December 2009) aptly states that one of the daunting social development challenges facing our young democracy in South Africa is the HIV and AIDS pandemic which has seriously impacted on the increase of HIV infected children. The study explored the experiences of social workers in the provision of reconstruction services to HIV infected children. This research study used a qualitative descriptive methodology. There were two sample groups: one consisted of five social workers from five institutions and the second consisted of six social workers from two child welfare organizations. Data was collected by means of semi-structured in- depth interviews with the institutional social workers. One focus group was held with child welfare social workers for the purpose of enhancing the reliability, validity and trustworthiness of the study. Globalization has had a substantial impact on social work services which has been further articulated through ‘new managerialism’, whereby welfare states are becoming cost effective businesses (Dominelli, 2002). Both welfare agencies and social workers pursuant to “new managerialism” have to justify their existence on a day to day basis due to the market principles that have been applied to the profession; it has to be ‘economically sound’ to be a social worker and to continue to be employed. The findings show that there were five key themes and various sub-themes that emerged from the in-depth interviews and the focus group interviews that posed as challenges for social workers. The lack of resources, high staff turnover, the recruitment of foster families emerged as factors that contributed to the challenges experienced by both institutional and child welfare social workers. Despite the many constraints placed on social workers several initiatives have been taken by institutional and child welfare social workers in the implementation of various services and programmes provided to families, communities and children infected or affected by the HIV and AIDS pandemic. In the face of “new managerialism” it is recommended that social workers need to accept that structural forces such as the economy, political, poverty and unemployment have a profound impact on organizations therefore it is necessary for social workers to advocate and lobby for adequate resources such as vehicles, access to telephones and computers and regular supervision, in the provision of reconstruction services. Furthermore social workers must have an updated knowledge regarding relevant policies and legislation that impact service delivery. The Department of Social Development should work in collaboration with the Department of Health and Education so that efforts could be made to ensure that HIV infected children continue with schooling, thereby developing them into more independent individuals. Finally an additional subsidy should be provided by the National Department of Social Development to institutions for services to accommodate family and prospective foster parents who stay over at institutions.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.
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Banana, Catrine. "An investigation into the risk behaviour regarding HIV transmission among youth in Bulawayo". Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2342.
Texto completoResumen
The study sought to explore and describe the risk behaviour regarding HIV transmission among youth in Bulawayo, their knowledge of HIV transmission and the sources of information on HIV transmission accessible to them. A quantitative, descriptive exploratory design was used and 238 youth from three secondary schools in Bulawayo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe were the respondents. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used to facilitate and acquire insight into the risk behaviour among the youth.
The inferences drawn from the study were that youth have inadequate knowledge about HIV transmission and therefore do not fully understand their risk of infection. Youth also find shyness and fear of rejection serious barriers to communicating openly about sexuality, sexual and HIV/AIDS issues. The findings of the study have implications for programmes to limit HIV transmission among youth and should assist policymakers and educators in developing and implementing such programmes in order to improve the health of youth in Zimbabwe.Health Studies
M.A. (Health Studies)
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Torrente, Anna Cecilia. "Riglyne vir die fasilitering van strewe na heelheid van die pasiënt met VIGS deur die verpleegkundige". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9836.
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