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Libros sobre el tema "Analgesia patient-controlled"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 11 de febrero de 2022

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1

Subhedar, Dilip V. Handbook of patient-controlled analgesia. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997.

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2

J, Thomas Veronica, ed. Patient controlled analgesia: Confidence in postoperative pain control. Oxford University Press, 1993.

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3

International Workshop on Patient-Controlled Analgesia (1st 1984 Kent). Patient-controlled analgesia: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Patient-Controlled Analgesia, held at Leeds Castle, Kent, United Kingdom, in June 1984. Blackwell Scientific, 1985.

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4

Taylor, Gina. Teaching patients who use machines for patient controlled analgesia: A report. Edited by Papadopoulos Irena. [s.n.], 1995.

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5

Perras, Christine. A prospective randomized study to compare patient controlled analgesia, continuous intravenous infusion and intermittent intramuscular injection of morphine for acute, intractable post-operative pain. Ottawa Civic Hospital, 1989.

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6

Taylor, Gina. Teaching patients who use machines for patient controlled analgesia: A report on a collaborative study between Middlesex University, Faculty of Health Studies and Toronto Ward, Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust. [Foundation of Nursing Studies], 1995.

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7

Michael, Ferrante F., Ostheimer Gerard W, and Covino Benjamin G. 1930-, eds. Patient-controlled analgesia. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990.

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8

Patient-controlled analgesia. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990.

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9

Patient-Controlled Analgesia. Wiley, 1991.

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10

Harmer, Michael. Patient-Controlled Analgesia. 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing, 2006.

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11

Chapman, Suzanne. The advent of patient-controlled analgesia for post-operative analgesia. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0050.

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The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Patient-controlled analgesia: A new concept of postoperative pain relief’, published by Bennett et al. in 1982. This paper presents data from two investigations in which patient-controlled analgesia using morphine was evaluated in patients who had undergone elective gastric bypass surgery for the management of morbid obesity. The paper shows that patient-controlled analgesia achieved adequate analgesia more often than conventional intermittent analgesia did when both administration methods were compared, but with less sedation. In addition, pati

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12

Willens, Joyce S. DETERMINANTS OF SATISFACTION WITH PATIENT CONTROLLED ANALGESIA. 1994.

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13

Zhao, Amy. Postoperative outcome assessments of epidural analgesia versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in bowel resection patients. 1998.

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14

Welchew, Edward. Patient Controlled Analgesia: Principles and Practice Series (Principles and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology (Hoskins)). Wiley-Blackwell, 1995.

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15

Yoder, Marianne E. Mastering Clinical Skills: Epidural Analgesia, Long Term Central Venous Access Devices, Pulse Oximetry, Tracheostomy Tubes, Patient-Controlled Analgesia (Media). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999.

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16

Quinlan, Jane. Post-operative pain. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0060.

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The landmark paper discussed in this chapter, published in 2002 by Dolin et al., examines the incidence of moderate-to-severe pain and severe pain after major surgery with three analgesic techniques: intramuscular analgesia, patient-controlled analgesia, and epidural analgesia. Up until 1990, intramuscular morphine was the main form of post-operative pain control, with patient-controlled analgesia and epidural analgesia as relatively new techniques. The authors found that the mean incidence of moderate-to-severe pain was more common with intramuscular analgesia (67%) than with patient-controll

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17

Sia, Alex Tiong Heng, Ban Leong Sng, and Serene Leo. Maintenance of neuraxial labour analgesia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0015.

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Labour pain may be treated with epidural analgesia providing effective pain relief with no maternal sedation to allow maternal participation in the labouring process. Epidural analgesia is commonly initiated using an epidural or combined spinal–epidural technique. Most epidural maintenance regimens would include a long-acting amide anaesthetic in low concentration together with a lipophilic opioid to maximize analgesia whilst reducing motor blockade. With the advent of advanced infusion delivery systems, maintenance of epidural analgesia may be individualized through the use of patient-control

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18

Owens. Survey identifying the nurses attitude knowledge and learning needs with regard to patient controlled analgesia. SIHE, 1992.

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19

Dodds, Chris, Chandra M. Kumar, and Frédérique Servin. Postoperative care and analgesia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735571.003.0011.

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There are many reasons for delayed recovery, but, usually, it is due to residual effects of anaesthetic agents/premedication. There are guidelines for recognizing and managing these cases. Emergence delirium may be dangerous, and it should be recognized and treated as an emergency. Elderly patients may have impaired hearing and vision. Spectacles and hearing aids should be given back to them as soon as possible in the recovery area to limit disorientation. Pain and its intensity may be difficult to recognize and quantify in the elderly. Increased inter-individual variability in the elderly mea

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20

Dashfield, Adrian. Acute pain. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0040.

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This chapter discusses the management of acute pain. It begins with an introduction which describes the benefits of acute pain management and the measurement of pain. Analgesic drugs are then described, including paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids (including their comparative efficacy). Patient-controlled analgesia, epidural analgesia, and continuous peripheral nerve blockade are described. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture are discussed. The management of the patient with a substance misuse disorder is discussed. The chapter concludes wit

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21

Dashfield, Adrian. Acute pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0040_update_001.

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This chapter discusses the management of acute pain. It begins with an introduction which describes the benefits of acute pain management and the measurement of pain. Analgesic drugs are then described, including paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids (including their comparative efficacy). Patient-controlled analgesia, epidural analgesia, and continuous peripheral nerve blockade are described. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture are discussed. The management of the patient with a substance misuse disorder is discussed. The chapter concludes wit

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22

O'Reilly, Deirdre. The effects of droperidol on nausea and vomiting in post-operative patients receiving patient-controlled analgesia. 1995.

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23

Applying human factors engineering to medical device design: An empirical evaluation of patient-controlled analgesia machine interfaces. National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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24

Armstrong, Sarah L., and Gary M. Stocks. Postoperative analgesia after caesarean delivery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0024.

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Caesarean delivery (CD) is one of the most common operations in the world and providing effective pain relief is important not only for humanitarian reasons but also to speed up recovery and reduce postoperative complications. An understanding of the anatomy and physiology of pain transmission after CD has led to a multimodal approach to analgesia. This involves combining analgesics which work by different mechanisms resulting in an additive effect whilst at the same time reducing side effects. In contemporary practice, most CDs are carried out under neuraxial anaesthesia and neuraxial techniq

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25

Williams, Tina. What is the level of pain control and satisfaction achieved by post-operative patients using patient controlled analgesia? 1998.

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26

Howard, Richard F. Acute pain in children. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199234721.003.0010.

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Age and maturity affect the perception and expression of pain in children. A variety of pain assessment tools are needed to cover different age groups. The British National Formulary for Children is a source of correct formulations and doses of analgesics for children of different ages. Neonates show very high interindividual response to analgesic drugs. Between 2yrs and 12yrs, the clearance of drugs exceeds that of adults and relatively higher doses may be needed. Patient-controlled, nurse-controlled, and neuraxial analgesia can all be used in infants and children. Reducing procedural pain in

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27

Qureshi, M. A., J. H. Gan, S. Kunnumpurath, et al. Preventive Analgesia for the Management of General Surgical Pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0002.

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Pain created by surgery has the ability to produce both structural and functional changes in pain pathways. These changes may be reduced if timely and adequate pain relief is delivered to the patient. Poor control of pain can result in remodeling of the “hardwired” pathways involved in pain transmission, which can result in central sensitization and hyperalgesia. Furthermore, poorly controlled pain and delay in its recognition may lead to a chronic pain state, further complicating the patient’s recovery and quality of life. A multimodal approach taking into account psychosocial aspects of the

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28

Swann, Meriel. Pain management. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642663.003.0009.

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Pain management for surgical patients is a complex, but important, issue. Pain management is often inadequately achieved, and therefore it is imperative that this aspect of care is improved. Delays in pain management can result in suffering for the patient and further complications, including prolonged hospital admission. To address this, healthcare professionals need to be familiar with all aspects of pain management. This chapter provides an overview of pain physiology, assessment, and pharmacological interventions, including analgesics, epidurals, and patient-controlled analgesia.

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29

Kim, Chang-Yeon, Charles Chang, Raysa Cabrejo, and James Yue. Lumbosacral Pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the options for managing pain after orthopedic spinal surgery in the lumbosacral spine. It reviews the pain syndromes associated with different approaches to the lumbar spine. The chapter explores specific pain syndromes such as failed back syndrome while noting that the majority of pain after spinal surgery results from dissection of soft tissue and muscles. The chapter then discusses oral and parenteral methods for analgesia, as well as spinal and regional nerve blockade. It provides details on the common regimens for pain management including the use of opioids, nonste

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30

Fomberstein, Kenneth, Marissa Rubin, Dipan Patel, John-Paul Sara, and Abhishek Gupta. Perioperative Opioid Analgesics of Use in Pain Management for Spine Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0004.

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This chapter compares the basic properties of several opioid analgesics and explores their applications in perioperative pain control in spine surgery. Parenteral opioids have long been the cornerstone of treatment for postoperative pain; they work by inhibiting voltage-gated calcium channels and increasing potassium influx, which results in reduced neuronal excitability, thereby inhibiting the ascending transmission of painful stimuli and activating the descending inhibitory pathways. This chapter reviews concepts including opioid conversion and rotation, opioid tolerance, and opioid cross-to

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31

Patel, Nihar. Acute Pain Management. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0064.

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Age-appropriate pain assessment and management is vital in the care of children with acute pain. Pain in children should be routinely and regularly assessed, documented, treated and reassessed with clear documentation. Poor pain management in the acute and postoperative setting can result in both short- and long-term consequences. The most effective analgesia plans are multimodal. This chapter focuses on the variety of treatment options for pain in the acute setting. Topics covered include age-appropriate pain assessment tools for children; the basics of age-appropriate pain management in chil

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32

Diaz, Christina D., and Steven J. Weisman. Multimodal Approach to Acute Pain Management after Nuss Bar Placement and Other Pain Scenarios. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0053.

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Acute pain management can involve regional blocks with local anesthetics, neuraxial blocks such as caudal blocks and epidurals, oral and intravenous opioids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Other pain management modalities include neuropathic pain medications, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, acupuncture, techniques for stress relief, and behavioral modification therapy. While there are many options for treating a patient’s pain, the best approach is to understand the symptoms, attempt to determine the cause of the pain, and understand the patient’s goals with regard to treatment.

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33

Dodds, Chris, Chandra M. Kumar, and Frédérique Servin. Anaesthesia for orthopaedic surgery in the elderly. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735571.003.0007.

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Arthritis and falls are common in the elderly and hence lead to major bone and joint surgery. Elderly patients may suffer from significant cardiorespiratory, renal, and neurologic dysfunction, and they may be malnourished; therefore, preoperative assessment is essential. Both general and regional anaesthesia techniques are commonly used, but regional anaesthesia, with or without sedation, is preferred. The use of cement during surgery is known to be associated with intraoperative morbidities, as is the use of a tourniquet. Antibiotics are routinely used, but they must be administered before th

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34

Stammen, Katherine, Harish Siddaiah, Cody Brechtel, Elyse M. Cornett, Charles J. Fox, and Alan D. Kaye. Pain Management for General Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457006.003.0006.

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Pain is multidimensional and subjective, which makes it difficult to treat. Newer treatment modalities have been under development with a better understanding of pain pathways in recent years. These treatments take advantage of the multifactorial components of pain, including agents such as ketamine, capsaicin, gabapentin, pregabalin, long-acting opioids, peripheral nerve blockade, and patient-controlled analgesia. Numerous studies have revealed not only efficacy but additive and/or synergistic effects when multiple agents are utilized for pain management. Overall, adequate perioperative pain

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35

McKenzie, Alistair G. Historic timeline of obstetric anaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0001.

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Foremost in the history of obstetric anaesthesia was the introduction of inhalational analgesia by James Simpson in 1847, first with ether and then chloroform. Nitrous oxide was first used in obstetrics in 1880. Neuraxial anaesthesia in obstetrics began with spinal block by Oskar Kreis in 1900, and within 25 years included pudendal, caudal, and paracervical blocks. From 1902 there was a vogue for ‘twilight sleep’, which remained in use until the 1950s. Spinal anaesthesia only became popular with the advent of procaine in 1905; favour declined in the United Kingdom from 1948 and did not return

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36

Christoph, Susan Shipley. A COMPARISON OF PATIENT-CONTROLLED TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION WITH TRADITIONAL ANALGESICS FOR RELIEF OF POSTOPERATIVE PAIN. 1985.

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37

Zhang, Weiya, and Michael Doherty. Guidelines. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0037.

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A number of treatment guidelines have been developed to optimize the treatment of osteoarthritis, some of which were recently updated. Fifty-one non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical treatments are addressed in these guidelines but only two (oral opioid and intra-articular steroid injection) reach the minimal clinically important difference above placebo. Recommendations for these treatments vary depending on joint sites, risk:benefit ratio, and population. Exercise, self-management, and weight reduction if obese are universally recommended. While topical non-steroidal anti-inflam

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