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Santini, Olivier. "Effects of copper on calcium metabolism and detoxification mechanisms in freshwater bivalve species of "Anodonta". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0397/document.
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Le Cuivre (Cu) appartient aux métaux majeurs contaminant les écosystèmes dulcicoles européens. Les bivalves sont des filtreurs qui bioaccumulent fortement les métaux lourds comme le Cu, lequel, en excès cause de graves troubles métaboliques, et physiologiques. Le but de cette thèse est d'étudier les mécanismes de toxicité et de détoxication du cuivre chez Anodonta cygnea et Anodonta anatina, bivalves largement répandus dans les eaux continentales. L'effet du Cu a d'abord été étudié sur le transport cellulaire du calcium (Ca). Le Ca intervient dans de nombreux processus biologiques et le métabolisme calcique est connu pour être perturbé par le Cu chez les mollusques. L'inhibition par le Cu de l'activité de la Ca2+-ATPase de la membrane plasmique (PMCA) a été observée après 4 jours d'exposition. La récupération totale de l'activité enzymatique a été notée dans les reins et les branchies, après 7 jours d'exposition à concentration environnementale, mais pas à plus forte concentration. L'inhibition des PMCA pourrait entraîner des perturbations de l'osmorégulation et de la réabsorption rénale du calcium chez les moules et conduire à une carence. La récupération de l'activité enzymatique suggère l'induction de mécanismes de détoxications. Les composés riches en thiol, impliqués dans l'homéostasie et la détoxication des métaux ont donc été étudiés dans une seconde étape. Nos résultats montrent la présence d'un peptide riche en cystéine, différent du glutathion, et détecté dans la glande digestive et les branchies des bivalves exposés ou non au Cu. Ce peptide, augmente significativement dans les branchies, après exposition au Cu suggérant son implication dans sa détoxicationCopper (Cu) belongs to the major metals causing environmental contamination in European fresh water ecosystems. Filter feeding bivalves have a high bioaccumulation potential for heavy metals as Cu, which at high concentration can cause serious metabolic, physiological impairments. The objectives of this thesis are to acquire knowledge about toxic effects and detoxification mechanisms of Cu in Anodonta cygnea and Anodonta anatina, two mussels species widely distributed in continental waters. Because calcium (Ca) plays a fundamental role in numerous biological processes, Cu effect was studied first on cellular calcium transport which is known to be disturbed by Cu in molluscs. In a second step, investigations have been carried out on Cu detoxification mechanisms by thiol compounds known to be involved in homeostasis of essential trace metals and in metals cell detoxification. Cu inhibited plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) activities upon 4 days of exposure was obtained. Total recovery was observed at day 7 in kidneys and gills under exposure to environmental Cu concentration but not at higher level of exposure. PMCA inhibition may entail disturbance of osmo-regulations and calcium renal re-uptake in mussels and lead to continuous under-supply of Ca. Recovery of the enzyme function suggests that metal-detoxification is induced. Our results showed the presence of a cysteine-rich peptide different from glutathione, detected in the digestive gland and the gills from controls and Cu exposed bivalves. This peptide, observed in absence of metal exposure in both organs, increased significantly in gills after Cu exposure suggesting its implication in Cu detoxification mechanisms
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Billard, Bastien Amouriq Yves. "Traitement des agénésies dentaires". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=54936.
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Bisseret, François Alliot-Licht Brigitte. "Etiologie des agénésies dentaires d'origine génétique". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=55026.
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Oliveira, Carlos Pedro Fontes. "Transporte iónico em Anodonta cygnea". Tese, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9672.
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Oliveira, Carlos Pedro Fontes. "Transporte iónico em Anodonta cygnea". Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9672.
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Paranaiba, Livia Maris Ribeiro. "Avaliação de polimorfismos gênicos e frequência de anomalias dentais em pacientes com fissura labial e/ou palatina não-sindrômica". [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288722.
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Orientador: Ricardo Della ColettaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Fissuras do lábio e/ou palato (FL/P) representam a anomalia congênita mais comum em humanos. FL/P podem estar associadas a outras malformações, caracterizando uma síndrome, ou apresentar-se de forma isolada, recebendo a denominação não-sindrômica (FL/PNS). A etiologia das FL/PNS é complexa e envolve a participação de inúmeros genes, os quais estão sobre a influência de fatores ambientais. Alguns estudos demonstraram uma frequência elevada de anomalias dentais em pacientes com FL/PNS, sugerindo um defeito genético único para essas duas alterações. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: 1) verificar se polimorfismos nos genes responsáveis por síndromes que apresentam FL/P em seu espectro clínico, incluindo TP63, MID1, PVRL1, RUNX2 e TBX1, podem contribuir para a etiologia das FL/PNS, e 2) determinar a frequência de anomalias dentais em pacientes com FL/PNS. Sete regiões polimórficas foram genotipadas por PCR-RFLP (reação em cadeia da polimerase associada à análise de polimorfismo de fragmentos de restrição enzimática) em amostras de DNA provenientes de 367 pacientes afetados por FL/PNS (grupo experimental) e de 413 indivíduos clinicamente normais (grupo controle). Para determinar a frequência de anomalias dentais em pacientes com FL/PNS, 296 pacientes com idade entre 12 e 30 anos, sem história de extração dental e tratamento ortodôntico prévio e que apresentavam documentação radiográfica foram avaliados. Dos 7 prováveis polimorfismos, apenas 3 foram confirmados em nossa população. Após correção para múltiplas comparações pelo teste de Bonferroni, apenas o polimorfismo rs28649236 do gene TBX1 demonstrou diferença significante entre os grupos. O alelo G e os genótipos AG e GG ocorreram em uma frequência significantemente maior no grupo controle que no grupo experimental, e na presença do alelo G um efeito protetor para o desenvolvimento de FL/PNS foi observado (p=0,0002; OR: 0,41; IC 95%: 0,25-0,67). Anomalias dentais foram identificadas em 57,7% (n=296) dos pacientes com FL/PNS e pacientes com FL foram significantemente menos acometidos por anomalias dentais comparando-se com pacientes com FP ou FLP (p=0,004). Agenesia dental foi a mais frequentemente identificada entre os tipos de fissura, principalmente em pacientes com FLP e FP que em pacientes com FL (p=0,03). O presente estudo demonstrou que o polimorfismo rs28649236 do gene TBX1 apresenta um efeito protetor para o desenvolvimento de FL/PNS em uma população brasileira e que o risco de pacientes com FLP ou FP apresentar anomalias dentais é significantemente maior que o de pacientes com FL. Em adição, este estudo corrobora com evidências prévias que demonstraram a influência de genes responsáveis por síndromes contendo FL/P na etiopatogenia das FL/PNS.
Abstract: Cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) is the most common congenital anomaly in humans. CL/P may be associated with other malformations, featuring a syndrome, or present itself in an isolated form, denominated nonsyndromic (NSCL/P). NSCL/P etiology is complex and involves the participation of numerous genes, which are under the influence of environmental factors. Some recent studies have demonstrated a high frequency of dental anomalies in patients with NSCL/P, suggesting a common genetic defect for these two alterations. The objectives of this study were: 1) to verify whether polymorphic variants of genes responsible for syndromes that have CL/P in their clinical spectrum, including TP63, MID1, PVRL1, TBX1 and RUNX2, may contribute to the etiology of NSCL/P, and 2) to determine the frequency of dental anomalies in patients with NSCL/P. Seven polymorphic regions were genotyped by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction) in DNA samples from 367 patients affected by NSCL/P (experimental group) and 413 clinically normal subjects (control group). To determine the frequency of dental anomalies in patients with NSCL/P, 296 patients aged between 12 and 30 years without history of tooth extraction and orthodontic treatment and with radiographic documentation were evaluated. Out of 7 probable polymorphisms, only 3 were confirmed in our population. After correction for multiple comparisons by Bonferroni test, only rs28649236 TBX1 polymorphism showed significant difference between groups. The allele G and the AG and GG genotypes occurred in a significantly higher frequency in controls than in the experimental group, and in the presence of the G allele a protective effect against NSCL/P was observed (p=0.0002; OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.25-0.67). Dental anomalies were identified in 57.7% (n= 296) of patients with NSCL/P and patients with CL were significantly less affected by dental anomalies compared with patients with CP or CLP (p=0.004). Dental agenesis was the most frequently identified among the cleft types, especially in patients with CLP and ICP than in patients with FL (p=0.03). The present study demonstrated that rs2864923 TBX1 polymorphism has a protective effect in NSCL/P development in a Brazilian population, and patients with CLP or CP are frequently more affected by dental anomalies than patients with CL. In addition, this study corroborates with previous evidences demonstrating the influence of genes related to syndromes containing CL/P on etiopathogenesis of the NSCL/P.
Doutorado
Patologia
Doutor em Estomatopatologia
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Palm, Hilda. "Föryngring hos allmän dammussla (Anodonta anatina) vid Östads badplats". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3136.
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Av Sveriges åtta stormusselarter är tre (Margaritifera margaritifera, Unio crassus och Pseudanodonta complanata) hotade (Lundberg & Tapper 2005). Om de övriga fem är kunskapen knapp (Gustavsson 2007) men studier som har gjorts i bl.a. Västra Götalands län tyder på att det råder underskott av individer i de yngre åldersklasserna och av juveniler i musselpopulationerna. Detta kan leda till att musselpopulationer kommer att dö ut (Bergengren & Lundberg 2008). Faktorer som stör musslorna och som gör att de minskar i antal är bl.a. eutrofiering, parasiter och försurning. Allmän dammussla (Anodonta anatina) är den vanligaste arten av stormusslor och den hittas i större delen av Sverige (Bergengren et al 2002). Denna art är mest tålig och klarar av att leva i de flesta vatten utom de mest näringsfattiga (Eckhard & Weber 2005). Detta arbete har utförts under april och maj 2009 vid Östads badplats i Bullarebygden i Norra Bohuslän. Platsen har tidigare (2008) inventerats av länsstyrelsen och då lades det en provyta på 30 kvadratmeter där musseltillgången var synbart god (Ingvarsson et al 2009). Det hittades då 33 individer av arten allmän dammussla och viss föryngring förekom. Under 2009 undersöktes 150 kvadratmeter och då inte enbart områden där tillgången på musslor var synbart god. Detta beroende på möjligheten att juvenila individer kan uppehålla sig på andra platser än adulter. Inventeringen utfördes på tre olika djup ( 20 cm, 60 cm och 100 cm) med hjälp av vattenkikare och sedimentprovtagare. Endast musslor av arten allmän dammussla hittades. För att föryngringen av musslorna skulle räknas som god krävdes det att 10 % av populationen var juvenil. Fanns det juveniler med andelen var färre än 10 % bedömdes populationen ha viss föryngring. För att musslorna som påträffades skulle räknas som juveniler fick de vara högst 50 mm. Antalet musslor som hittades i provrutorna var 60 varav de flesta påträffades på 100 cm. De flesta juveniler befann sig dock på 60 cm. På 20 cm fanns det inga musslor. Ett överskott på individer i de äldre åldersklasserna kunde ses medan det rådde brist på yngre musslor. Endast 8 % av musslorna var juveniler vilket innebär att det fanns viss föryngring. Risken att musselpopulationen vid Östads badplats ska dö ut är dock ganska stor då reproduktionen är sämre än vad den behöver vara för att musselbeståndet ska vara livskraftigt. De juvenila individer som hittades befann sig i anslutning till de adulta. Att juvenilers habitatval skiljer sig från adulters är alltså inget som kan styrkas av denna studie.
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Henriksson, Frida. "Ålder vid reproduktion hos den allmänna dammusslan (Anodonta anatina)". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8338.
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Blötdjur (Mollusca) tillhör en av de mest hotade taxonomiska grupperna i världen och musselpopulationer (Bivalvia) har drastiskt setts minska. Den avtagande tillväxten hos musselpoulationen kan bero på faktorer så som minskning av värdfisken, försurning, invasiva arter, föroreningar och igenslamning av bottnar. Alla arter av stormusslor (Unionoida) är känsliga för eutrofiering och fysiska förändringar av deras livsmiljö och kan därmed användas som indikatorer för höga naturvärden eller som indikator på vattnets kemiska kvalitet. För att en musselpopulation skall vara livskraftig krävs en föryngring på mellan 10 till 20 procent. Med föryngring menas andelen juvenila i populationen. I Västra Götalands län visar endast hälften av 33 tidigare undersökta populationer upp en tillräcklig föryngring. Men när är egentligen musslan juvenil och när övergår den till adult? Idag finns få studier gjorda på stormusslor gällande ålder vid könsmognad. Oftast används uppskattade värden eller andra arters ålder vid könsmognad. Detta arbete syftar till att undersöka tillväxttakten för den allmänna dammusslan. Tillväxten mättes som differenserna av avståndet mellan årsringarna på musselindividernas skal. Med hjälp av den årliga tillväxten kunde en exponentiell tillväxthastighet räknas fram vilken indikerade när tillväxten hos de flesta individer avtog. Brytpunkten som indikerar att tillväxten avtar räknades fram med hjälp av Von Bertalanffys tillväxtmodell som visar tillväxt över tid. Genom att veta i vilken ålder tillväxten avtar kan en slutsats om eventuell könsmognad dras då individen börjar fördela mängden tillgänglig energi till fler funktioner än tillväxt, där reproduktion är den troligaste. Det är viktigt att veta i vilken ålder en art blir könsmogen i bevarandesyfte då en mussla anses vara mycket känslig i sina juvenila år. Resultaten i denna studie visar att tillväxten avtar vid en ålder av 4 år för en av de undersökta sjöarna. I de övriga 2 avtog tillväxten innan musslan uppnåt en ålder av 3 år. Att åldern då tillväxten avtar skiljer sig mellan sjöarna kan bero på att livsförutsättningarna i sjöarna är olika gynnsamma.Molluscs (Mollusca) belong to one of the most threatened taxonomic groups in the world and mussels (Bivalvia) have been observed to drastically decrease. The reduced growth of the mussel population may depend on factors such as decrease of the host fishes, acidification, invasive species, pollution and siltation of the seabed. All species of large mussels (Unionoida) are sensitive to eutrophication and physical changes in their habitat and can thus be used as indicators of territories with high conservation value or as an indicator of the chemical quality of the water. For a mussel population to be viable it requires a mean the proportion of juveniles (rejuvenation) in the population between 10 to 20 percentages. In Västra Götaland country only half of the previously 33 studied populations show satisfactory rejuvenation. When a mussel is considered to be a juvenile or adult is contentious. Today there are few studies on age at maturity of unionid mussels. Most often estimated values or knowledge of other species age at maturity is used. This work aims to investigate the growth of Anodonta anatina. Growth was measured as the differences in the distance between growth rings on each of the mussel individuals shell. With the annual growth rings an exponential growth rate was calculated that indicated the year in which most of the individuals slowed their growth. The breaking point was found using Von Bertalanffys growth model which indicates growths over time. Knowing the age at which most mussels slows their growth can give us a conclusion of possible age when sexual maturity occurs. The conclusion can be made upon the knowing that an individual starts to allocate the amount of energy available to more features than growth, where reproduction is the most likely. It is important to know the age at which spices reaches sexual maturity due to conservation purposes. A clam is considered very sensitive in its juvenile years. The result in this study shows that growth is slowing at the age of 4 years for one of the studied lakes. In the other two studied, the growth slowed before the mussel attained the age of 3 years. The age at which growth slows differ between lakes and may due to that natural conditions in lakes are various favorable.
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Machado, Jorge Pereira. "Estudos morfofuncionais da génese da concha de "Anodonta cygnea"". Tese, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10596.
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Machado, Jorge Pereira. "Estudos morfofuncionais da génese da concha de "Anodonta cygnea"". Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10596.
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Neves, Lucimara Teixeira das. "Triagem de mutação no éxon 3 do gene IRF6 em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina e agenesia dentária: padronização de protocolo para seqüenciamento de DNA genômico a partir de saliva". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25142/tde-25032010-091704/.
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A fissura labiopalatina e a agenesia dentária são consideradas alterações do desenvolvimento embrionário. Esses fenótipos ocorrem em decorrência da interação de fatores genéticos e ambientais, caracterizando um padrão de herança multifatorial. Entre os genes candidatos a esses fenótipos destaca-se o IRF6. Para esses estudos genéticos podem ser usadas diferentes metodologias, dentre elas o seqüenciamento direto. A proposta deste estudo foi primeiramente padronizar um protocolo para seqüenciamento direto de DNA genômico a partir de saliva e então investigar mutações ou polimorfismos no éxon 3 do gene IRF6 em indivíduos com fissura de lábio e palato unilateral não-sindrômica e agenesia dentária. Fizeram parte do estudo 120 voluntários distribuídos em quatro grupos: Grupo 1 30 indivíduos com fissura e agenesia dentária; Grupo 2 - 30 indivíduos somente com fissura; Grupo 3 - 30 indivíduos somente com agenesia dentária e Grupo 4 - Controle. Para análise do éxon 3 do gene IRF6 foi coletada saliva, e a partir desse material foram testados três protocolos para extração de DNA genômico. Além disso, durante a padronização do protocolo para seqüenciamento direto foram avaliadas metodologias diferentes para outras três etapas da preparação das amostras: purificação do produto de PCR, otimização na utilização do BigDye® v3.1 Terminator na reação de seqüenciamento e purificação do produto da reação de seqüenciamento. As amostras foram seqüenciadas em Analisador Genético ABI 3130XL e os resultados analisados por meio de programas de computador específicos. Foram pesquisadas, nos eletroferogramas referentes ao éxon 3 do gene IRF6, variações nas seqüências de cada indivíduo. Os resultados mostraram que o protocolo de extração de DNA a partir de saliva utilizando InstaGeneTM Matrix associado à proteinase K e dodecil sulfato de sódio 1% foi o que apresentou melhores resultados na quantidade e qualidade do DNA extraído. Em relação à purificação do produto de PCR, o método de escolha foi a purificação em coluna específica. O BigDye® v3.1 foi utilizado com sucesso em um volume de 2 L por reação, e a purificação do produto de seqüenciamento com XTerminator apresentou os melhores resultados. Na triagem de mutação, somente um indivíduo do grupo controle apresentou variação na seqüência do tipo heterozigoto. Concluiu-se que é possível realizar, com sucesso, na plataforma ABI 3130XL, o seqüenciamento direto de DNA genômico extraído a partir de saliva total utilizando os protocolos padronizados neste trabalho. Concluiu-se também, que neste grupo analisado, não houve associação entre o éxon 3 do gene IRF6 e os fenótipos fissura labiopalatina não-sindrômica e agenesia dentária.Cleft lip and palate and tooth agenesis are considered changes in embryonic development. These phenotypes occur as a result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, suggesting a multifactorial inheritance pattern. Among the candidate genes for these phenotypes IRF6 appears as one of the most important. Direct sequencing, among other techniques, can be used to perform such genetic studies. The aim of this study was to standardize a protocol for direct sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from whole saliva to allow further search of mutations or polymorphisms in exon 3 of IRF6 gene in individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and tooth agenesis. Volunteers were 120 subjects divided into four groups: Group 1 - 30 individuals with tooth agenesis and cleft, Group 2 - 30 individuals with cleft only, Group 3 - 30 individuals with tooth agenesis only, and Group 4 - Control. For the analysis of the exon 3 of IRF6 gene, saliva was collected to test three protocols for the extraction of genomic DNA. Additionally, during the protocol standardization for direct sequencing, different methodologies for the other three steps of sample preparation were evaluated: purification of PCR product, optimization of the use of BigDye® v3.1 Terminator, and purification of the sequencing product. The samples were sequenced on ABI 3130XL Genetic Analyzer, and the results were analyzed using specific softwares. Heterozygous and homozygous variations in the sequences of the exon 3 of IRF6 gene of each individual were searched in the electropherograms. The results showed that the protocol for DNA extraction from saliva using InstageneTM Matrix associated with proteinase K and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate showed the best results in the quantity and quality of the extracted DNA. As far as the purification of the PCR product, the method of choice was the purification in specific columns. BigDye® v3.1 was used with success in a volume 2 L per reaction, and the purification of the sequencing product with X-Terminator showed the best results. For the mutation screening, only one individual of the control group presented sequence variation of the heterozygous type. It was concluded that it is possible to successfully perform, on the ABI 3130XL platform, the direct sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from whole saliva using the protocols standardized in this work. It was also concluded that in the group analyzed, no association between the exon 3 of IRF6 gene and the phenotypes of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and tooth agenesis was found.
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Gustafsson, Linda. "Undersökning av allmän dammussla (Anodonta anatina) i Lidan och Mariedalsån". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-6456.
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Under hösten 2007 gjordes en inventering av sötvattensmusslor i vattendrag och sjöar i Västra Götalands län, Sverige. Studien fokuserade på andelen juveniler i förhållande till total populationsstorlek hos ett antal arter, eftersom detta värde antas ge en indikation på föryngringens status inom musselpopulationerna. I detta projekt har fyra av de lokaler som studerades år 2007 besökts på nytt och en inventering av arten allmän dammussla (Anodonta anatina) har gjorts. Syftet var att se om det har skett någon förändring sedan den förra undersökningen. Har andelen juveniler inom de undersökta populationerna ökat eller minskat? Inventeringen i kombination med de statistiska analyserna kunde inte påvisa någon verklig förändring på någon av lokalerna. Detta innebär att musselpopulationerna på de undersökta lokalerna troligen inte har genomgått någon större förändring i reproduktion 2011 jämfört med 2007.
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Lopes, Anabela Rodrigues. "Matriz orgânica solúvel do nacre da concha do bivalve Anodonta cygnea". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/6408.
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Mestrado em Biologia Aplicada - Biologia Molecular e CelularA biomineralização da concha dos moluscos é um processo controlado por uma matriz orgânica extracelular secretada para o espaço extrapaleal pelo epitélio calcificante. Já foram realizados alguns estudos dos quais se obtiveram algumas respostas sobre os constituintes da matriz. No entanto, quase todos tiveram como objeto de estudo moluscos das famílias Pteriidae e Pinnidae. Neste trabalho o animal estudado, o bivalve Anodonta cygnea, pertence à família Unionidae da qual se sabe muito pouco no que respeita à sua matriz orgânica. Das duas frações possíveis de obter pelo processo de extração apenas uma, a fração solúvel, foi analisada. A análise ocorreu a vários níveis nomeadamente ao nível da caracterização bioquímica por eletroforese, quantificação de matéria existente e localização da matriz diretamente na concha através da técnica de “immunogold”. Foram também produzidos anticorpos policlonais para a matriz e construída uma biblioteca de ADN complementar ao ARN mensageiro existente no epitélio calcificante sendo neste caso o folheto externo do manto. Da análise em eletroforese foram detetadas cinco frações proteicas de pesos moleculares de aproximadamente 106, 74, 59, 49 e 40KDa. A pequena quantidade de proteínas totais e de glicosaminoglicanos obtida da extração comprovou os demais estudos que referem que a percentagem de matriz orgânica existente na concha é baixa quando comparada com a componente inorgânica, neste caso constituída por carbonato de cálcio na forma de cristais de aragonite. Pela técnica de “immunogold” verificou-se que a matriz orgânica encontra-se essencialmente nos espaços intercristalinos mas existe também associada aos próprios cristais. Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho para esta espécie ao nível da caracterização bioquímica são semelhantes aos descritos no estudo de outra espécie da mesma família. Relativamente à localização da matriz orgânica na concha esta apresenta distribuição semelhante à da espécie Pinna nobilis embora pertençam a famílias diferentes. Apesar dos milhares de anos de evolução divergente, isto sugere que a matriz orgânica não deverá variar muito entre famílias na sua constituição e organização.
The biomineralization process of mollusc’s shell is controlled by an extracellular organic matrix which is produced by the calcifying epithelium and secreted into the extrapallial space. Some studies have already been performed and give some answers about organic matrix constituents. However almost all of them were on species of the families Pteriidae and Pinnidae. In the present work the study animal is the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea, belonging to the Unionidae family, from which little is known about its organic matrix. From the extraction process it is possible to achieve two fractions of organic matrix, but only one, the soluble fraction, was the object of this study. Different techniques were used, including biochemical characterization by electrophoresis, quantification and detection of the matrix directly in the shell through the immunogold technique. Were also produced polyclonal antibodies against the organic matrix and a complementary DNA library, constructed with the messenger RNA of the outer mantle epithelium, which is in this animal the calcifying epithelium, used as a template. From the electrophoretic analysis five protein fractions were detected with molecular weights of approximately 106, 74, 59, 49 and 40 KDa. The small amount of the total protein and glycosaminoglycans obtained from the extraction indicate the low percentage of organic matrix when compared to the inorganic fraction which is in this case calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals, situation confirmed in other studies. By the immunogold technique it was found that the organic matrix is mainly intercrystalline but it can also be found within the crystals. The results found in terms of biochemical characterization in this study with Anodonta cygnea are similar to those described for other members of this family. Regarding to the localization of the organic matrix in the shell, the results obtained are very similar to the localization founded in the Pinna nobilis although they belong to the different families. This suggests that the thousands of years of divergent evolution should not vary greatly between families in terms of constitution and organization of the organic matrix.
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Shikh, Khaled Saad. "Sequencing the genomic DNA of Anodonta anatina using Oxford nanopore technology". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18874.
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Freshwater mussels are members of phylum Mollusca, which live in freshwater habitats such as lakes and rivers. Freshwater mussels are essential ecologically in the aquatic ecosystems, they have a high capacity for water purification and play a significant role in calcium recycling. The genomic DNA of many freshwater mussels' species has not yet been sequenced. Knowledge of such a sequence can be useful in the development of a multi-biomarker panel to identify water pollution, and it also helps to develop a method to identify freshwater mussels' species according to their genomic DNA. This study aims to use nanopore sequencing technology to sequence the genomic DNA of Anodonta anatina, a species of freshwater mussel common in Europe. The DNA used in this experiment was extracted from the foot tissues, and two tissue homogenization methods were tested in this experiment to determine the best approach. The genomic DNA was sequenced by using Oxford nanopore MinION device, and the reads were assembled and polished using multiple software tools. The reads obtained from sequencing the DNA cover 3.5x of the estimated genome size of Anodonta anatina. 20x coverage is required for a complete genome assembly, and due to the low coverage, only a partial sequence of the genomic DNA was obtained during this experiment. This indicates that nanopore sequencing could be used to sequence the genome of freshwater mussels, but further sequencing runs are required to get enough coverage to assemble the whole genomic DNA.
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Robillard, Létard Sophie. "Anodonta cygnea, espèce sentinelle ? Analyse de marqueurs biochimiques potentiellement indicateurs de contamination par les pesticides". Le Mans, 2003. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2003/2003LEMA1017.pdf.
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Ce travail s’inscrit dans une démarche de validation du mollusque bivalve Anodonta cygnea comme organisme sentinelle des milieux dulçaquicoles. Ce travail porte sur l’étude de marqueurs biochimiques susceptibles de répondre de manière spécifique à une pollution par des pesticides. L’activité cholinestérasique a été plus particulièrement analysée. L’analyse des réponses de deux autres marqueurs biochimiques (activité catalasique et glutathion S-transférasique) a également été entreprise. Nos conclusions montrent que l’utilisation simultanée de plusieurs biomarqueurs ne permet pas d’établir de lien entre la pésence de contaminant et les effets biologiques observés. En l’état actuel de nos connaissances, nous estimons que les résultats obtenus ne permettent pas d’utiliser Anodonta cygnea comme organisme sentinelle dans le cadre d’une approche multibiomarqueursOur work belongs to a program of validation of the mollusc bivalve Anodonta cygnea as a sentinel organism of freshwater ecosystems. We studied responses of three potential pollution biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase, catalase and glutathion S-transferase activities). We have given special attention in the optimization of assay conditions of acetylcholinesterase enzymatic activity. In the light of our results, we estimate that a multibiomarker approach using Anodonta cygnea as a sentinel organism would be difficult considering the difficulty to obtain specific response profiles to each contaminant present in the environment. Henceforth, complementary studies are needed to deepen our knowledge on this subject
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Nugroho, Andhika Puspito [Verfasser] y Hartmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Frank. "Copper exposure of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina): Some physiological effects / Andhika Puspito Nugroho. Betreuer: Hartmut Frank". Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1059413272/34.
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Jacomini, Analú Egydio. "Bioacumulação do herbicida atrazina pelas espécies de bivalves limnicos Anodontites trapesialis (Lamarck, 1819) e Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59139/tde-15072003-104821/.
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Inúmeros pesticidas são usados na agricultura, para controle de pragas e ervas daninhas. Dentre eles destaca-se o herbicida atrazina, intensivamente utilizado nas culturas de cana-de-açúcar, milho e sorgo, que ocupam extensas áreas no estado de São Paulo. Grande parcela do herbicida, que é aplicado na agricultura, entra em contato com o solo, podendo ser lixiviado, atingindo as águas superficiais. Neste sentido, alguns animais como, por exemplo, moluscos bivalves, podem ser utilizados como monitores biológicos do ambiente aquático e auxiliar no estudo da ecotoxicologia. Considerando o risco de contaminação do ambiente aquático pela atrazina, propõe-se, no presente trabalho, desenvolver uma metodologia de análise daquele herbicida nos tecidos nas espécies de bivalves límnicos Anodontites trapesialis (LAMARCK, 1819) e Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1789), validar esse método e, finalmente, verificar se ocorre a bioacumulação do herbicida nas partes moles dessas duas espécies. Como técnica de extração utilizou-se a extração líquido- líquido e como técnica de análise, a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE).Large amount of pesticides have been used for the control of agriculture pests and weeds. Particularly important among herbicides is atrazine, extensively employed in cultures of sugar cane, corn and sorghum, that occupies an extensive area in São Paulo state. Large portions of atrazine, applied in the agricultural fields, leaches from the soil to surface water systems. In this way, some organisms such as fresh- water mollusks bivalves, can be used as biological monitors of aquatic environments, contributing for ecotoxicology studies. Considering the existence of risk of contamination by atrazine of the aquatic environment, the purpose of this work was, (i) to develop a method for the analysis of atrazine in the fresh- water bivalves species Anodontites trapesialis (LAMARCK, 1819) and Corbicula fluminea (MULLER, 1789), (ii) to validate such method and, (iii) to detect if these organisms can bioaccumulate atrazine in their tissues. This method involved a simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure, followed by high- performance liquid chromatographic analysis (HPLC).
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Larsson, Maria. "Finns det något samband mellan stormusslors (unionoida) föryngring och utsläpp i närheten av dess levnadsmiljö? : en jämförelse mellan vattendrag i Västra Götaland". Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-2261.
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Common species of freshwater mussels may, like the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) have a drastic decline in number and there is several reasons, like sedimentation, a decline of host fishes, introduction of alien species, nutrition leakages from agriculture and pollutants of medic drugs and poison. Ann Gustavsson made in the year of 2007 a study over rejuventation of freshwater great mussels in nine watersystems and considered that the rejuventation within the populations were all along the line poor. This study orients from her work and points to determine if there is a connection between the poor juventation and pollution of nitrogen and phosphorous from industries and private sanitations. The study was performed with the software program ArcGIS9.2 to take out drainage areas for the concerned habitats and contact was made with the concerned authoritys. When it comes to supervision of private sanitations is it the countys and for industries is it the county administrative board. Most of the countys had a very difficult way to reach their data of the private sanitations and those who had data had great holes in their knowledge in them. The greatest emission of nitrogen was without doubt the industries, but a more even allocation could be seen in the pollution of phosphourus, where the industries and the private sanitations stood for about fifty- fifty of the pollution. The greatest emission of nitrogen and phosphourus happened in Viskan, in the drainage area for Lekvad,there it was a lack of mussels. The species of Anodonta anatina showed a strong positive correlation between emission of nitrogen and phosphourus with the way of juvenile mussels in the population. More studies is need to do in these areas, both when it comes to continuing mapping of rejuventation within the freshwater great mussels in several waters and template value for pollution of nitrogen and phosphourus, that is very doubtful today. Even studies concerning other factors, like predation, host fishes and the influence of poison and medic drugs is needing to do, as it is few studies concerning this today.
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Nogueira, Mónica Sofia Reis. "Impactos ambientais em ecossistemas lóticos do norte de Portugal. Estudo da bio-ecologia e fisiologia de Anodonta anatina (L.) (Bivalvia, Unionidae)". Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior Agrária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/6807.
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São vários os impactos ambientais que ameaçam os ecossistemas dulçaquícolas, sendo responsáveis pela diminuição e extinção de muitas populações, muitas delas pertencentes a bivalves de água doce. Fenómenos como a regularização de caudais, poluição, eutroficação e degradação do habitat aquático e ribeirinho são os principais factores que originam a diminuição das populações de Unionoida. Neste estudo foi seleccionada a espécie-alvo Anodonta anatina (L.), um bivalve que habita os sectores médio e terminal dos rios Sabor, Tua e Tâmega, no Nordeste de Portugal. Avaliaram-se diferentes aspectos relacionados com a bio-ecologia e fisiologia da espécie, especialmente associada à reprodução. Foi detectada a ocorrência simultânea de exemplares dióicos e outros hermafroditas, provavelmente como resposta adaptativa a flutuações nas condições ambientais e na dinâmica populacional. Verificou-se ainda que para A. anatina todas as espécies piscícolas autóctones testadas (truta, escalo, bordalo, ruivaco, boga, barbo e verdemã) e apenas uma espécie exótica (truta arco-íris) funcionaram como hospedeiros desta espécie. Este facto tem elevada relevância em termos de conservação da espécie, uma vez que a dominância de espécies piscícolas em albufeiras de barragens inviabiliza, a médio prazo, a sobrevivência das náiades. Para além do impacto da regularização foi ainda testada a influência de fenómenos associados à contaminação química. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que mesmo para baixíssimas concentrações de metais pesados, como o cobre e o cobalto, o efeito é extremamente letal para estes bivalves. Foram avaliados os efeitos de curto-termo decorrentes do input de sedimentos na ribeira do Portelo, em oito locais distribuídos ao longo de 20 Km da rede hídrica. Mensuraram-se vários parâmetros físico-químicos da água e determinaram-se as respostas bióticas, nomeadamente das comunidades de macroinvertebrados e microbiológica (amostragem pontual). Os resultados mostraram: i) um aumento significativo da acidez da água (pH <5 na proximidade das escombreiras) e da condutividade (EC25 > 250 μS.cm-1); ii) um aumento na concentração de alguns metais pesados, nomeadamente dos elementos alumínio (Al), cobre (Cu), e cobalto (Co); iii) uma grande dispersão e deposição de sedimentos grosseiros e finos no leito dos cursos de água; iv) a perda de habitat (e.g. elevada colmatação dos interstícios do substrato por sedimentos) e a v) elevada mortalidade na fauna macrobentónica. Não foram registados, em termos espácio-temporais, sinais de recuperação na comunidade de macroinvertebrados, particularmente na ribeira do Portelo (aproximadamente com 3 km de extensão). Several environmental impacts are threatening freshwater ecosystems and are responsible for the diminishing and extinction of many populations, some of them belonging to freshwater bivalves. Regulation, pollution, eutrophication, aquatic and riparian habitat degradation are the main fenomena linked to the Unionoida populations reduction in the river ecosystems. In this study it was selected a key-species, Anodonta anatina (L.) that can be found in the middle and lower parts of Sabor, Tua e Tâmega rivers in northeastern Portugal. Different aspects of bio-ecology and physiology of A. anatina were evaluated, in particular the reproduction features. It was detected a simultaneous occurrence of dioicous and hermaphrodite individuals in the same population. This occurrence is probably related with an adaptation answer to the fluctuations of environmental condition and population dynamics. It was verified that, for A. anatina, all native fish species tested (Salmo trutta, Squalius carolitertii, Squalius alburnoides, Achondrostoma oligolepis, Pseudochondrostoma duriense, Luciobarbus bocagei and Cobitis paludica) and just one exotic species (Onchorynchus mykiss) functioned as host species. This fact has a relevant importance for the conservation of mussel populations, since exotic fish species dominate all modified environments like reservoirs, diminishing the survival of all bivalve populations. Furthermore, it was tested other type of disturbance, like chemical contamination. The results showed that the lower concentrations of heavy metals, like copper and cobalt, can have a lethal effect on these bivalve species. The short-term effects of sediment input in the Portelo stream was analysed during 7 successive months (January to July 2010). Physicochemical water and sediment parameters were measured and biotic responses of macroinvertebrate community evaluated in eight sampling sites distributed along the 20 km of river drainage. The results showed: i) a significant increase in water acidity (pH <5, near the mine) and conductivity (EC25 > 250 μS.cm-1); ii) an increase in some heavy metals concentrations, namely for aluminum (Al), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) elements; iii) a large spread of coarse sediments deposited in the river bed and iv) habitat loss (high embebedness in the sediments) and physical (death by asphyxia) and chemical (i.e. heavy metals and lowering pH) water pollution and v) high mortality of macroinvertebrate fauna. No signs of macroinvertebrate community recovery were detected, in both spatial and temporal analyses, particularly in the Portelo stream (approximately 3 km long).
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秋山, 吉寛 y Yoshihiro B. Akiyama. "Host Fish Species for the Glochidia of Anodonta japonica Inhabiting Drainage Ditches for Rice Cultivation in Hikone City". 日本貝類学会（Malacological Society of Japan）, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15513.
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Dine, Diana M. "Some aspects of the uptake and metabolism of cadmium and zinc by the freshwater mussel 'Anodonta anatina' (L.)". Thesis, Kingston University, 1986. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20345/.
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The use of mussels as indicators of pollution in fresh- and seawater was reviewed and the ability of the freshwater mussel 'Anodonta anatina' to absorb Cadmium-115m and zinc-65 from its environment was studied. The uptake was studied when the metals were available in solution only and in the algal food supply. A higher accumulation occurred in the tissues when the metals were available in the food and they were concentrated up to 2x10[sup]3 times for zinc-65 and 1x10[sup]3 times for cadmium-115m above the levels found in the water. Those tissues with large surface areas in contact with the water (i.e. the gills and the mantle) and those involved with processing food (i.e. the digestive gland and kidney) were found to take up the tracers most rapidly. The muscular tissues took up the least amount of tracers. The uptake into the tissues from each source was compared and the metabolic consequences discussed. Depuration of the metals from the tissues was studied when the mussels were placed in uncontaminated water. Although the total body burdens of the tracers declined, a loss was not recorded for all the tissues. For some tissues, notably the digestive gland and the adductor muscles with cadmium-155m and the gonad and kidney with zinc-65, a continued uptake was recorded. It was concluded that permanent binding sites for the metals might exist in some tissues. The fate of cadmium in the tissues was studied. Cadmium was found to be located in the cytosol and associated with low molecular weight proteins. These proteins were found to have low aromatic amino acid and high cysteine content as indicated by their absorption characteristics at 280 and 250 nm respectively. These properties together with the demonstrated heat stability indicated that the cadmium-binding proteins in 'Andonta' are similar to metallothioneins indentified in other species.
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MATTOS, José Nazareno Rufino de. "Agenesia de incisivo lateral superior permanente e a morfologia dentofacial: um estudo cefalométrico". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4914.
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A agenesia dental é a anomalia de número mais freqüente na dentição permanente e o incisivo lateral superior permanente (ILSP) é um dos dentes mais acometidos por essa condição. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência da agenesia de ILSP sobre a morfologia dentofacial. A amostra consistiu de 100 telerradiografias da cabeça, em norma lateral, de indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, na fase de dentição permanente, com idades variando de 11 a 25 anos (média de 14.3), que foram divididos em dois grupos pareados individualmente segundo o gênero e a idade: um grupo de 50 casos de agenesia uni ou bilateral de ILSP e outro grupo sem agenesia dental, o grupo controle. As telerradiografias laterais foram traçadas e as medidas angulares e lineares foram comparadas entre os dois grupos, através do teste “t” de Student. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os dois grupos não diferiram significantemente quanto à direção de crescimento facial. A maxila e a mandíbula mostraramse na mesma disposição sagital, quando avaliadas isoladamente em relação à base craniana, e com comprimentos semelhantes nos dois grupos. Entretanto, a convexidade facial mostrou-se significantemente reduzida no grupo com agenesia, medida através do ângulo NAP (P=0.008), bem como a relação maxilo-mandibular entre si, medida pelo ângulo ANB (P=0.017). As alterações mais significantes foram observadas nos incisivos superiores e inferiores, que apresentaram redução significante na inclinação axial e protrusão (P<0.05), com conseqüente aumento do ângulo nasolabial, no grupo com agenesia. Esses resultados permitem concluir que a agenesia de ILSP está associada a alterações na morfologia dentofacial.
Tooth agenesis is the most common anomaly of the permanent dentition and the upper permanent lateral incisor (UPLI) is one of the most frequently absent tooth. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the UPLI agenesis on the dentofacial morphology in orthodontic patients. The sample comprised 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects of both sexes, in the permanent dentition and ages ranged from 11 to 25 years old (mean: 14.3) without any facial anomaly. They were divided into two groups: one group of 50 individuals with agenesis of one or both UPLI, and another group of 50 control individuals without tooth agenesis. The two groups were sex and age matched. The cephalograms of both groups were compared by some angular and linear measurements using the independent sample Student “t” test. The results of this study showed that the agenesis group had similar facial vertical growth compared to the control group. The maxilla and the mandible showed similar sagittal position, when evaluated individually in relation to the cranial base, in both groups. However, the facial convexity was reduced significantly in the UPLI agenesis group, both when the NAP angle (P=0.008) and the ANB angle were evaluated (P=0.017). The most significant alterations were observed on the upper and lower incisors position and axial inclination, both them with reduction (P0.05), and a more obtuse nasolabial angle in the UPLI agenesis group. These results suggest that agenesis of UPLI influences some aspects of dentofacial morphology.
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Santini, Olivier [Verfasser] y Hartmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Frank. "Effects of copper on calcium metabolism and detoxification mechanisms in freshwater bivalve species of Anodonta / Olivier Santini. Betreuer: Hartmut Frank". Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1059353415/34.
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Engström, Erik. "Direct poly(A) RNA nanopore sequencing on the freshwater duck mussel Anodonta anatina following exposure to copper : A pilot study". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17508.
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Aquatic ecotoxicology is the study of toxic chemicals and its effects on aquatic biological systems with the aim of minimising threats to human health and ensure self-sustained ecosystems. Freshwater bivalves are excellent sentinels for use in ecotoxilogical research due to their filter feeding properties, stationary lifestyle and inability to regulate body temperature. This project aimed to assess the feasibility and use of nanopore sequencing, a real-time single-molecule sequencing technology in comparative expression analysis by sequencing transcriptomic RNA from the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina following exposure to copper. RNAs were extracted from 80 mg hepatopancreas tissue, followed by poly(A) RNA selection. Furthermore, the poly(A) RNA was used to construct a nanopore sequencing library. Sequencing a total amount of 560 ng poly(A) RNA over the course of two separate runs generated 239,448 reads, in which 75% of the reads were obtained during the first run (control) and 25% of the reads were obtained during the second run (case). The median read lengths ranged between 534-650 nucleotides, with a base call accuracy <90%. Due to the big differences in sequence data output between the two sequencing runs, the data was ineligible for comparative analysis. The findings conclude that nanopore sequencing is capable of generating longer read lengths when compared to other sequencing platforms. However, the technology is error-prone in terms of accurate base call identifications and relies on other platforms for error corrections. Future advances include de novo transcriptome assembly for efficient use of Anodonta anatina as a bioindicator in aquatic ecotoxicology.
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Bergendal, Birgitta. "Oligodontia and ectodermal dysplasia on signs, symptoms, genetics and outcomes of dental treatment /". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-31798.
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Castro, Carlos Henrique Bettoni Cruz de. "Caracterização clínica, radiográfica e molecular da Síndrome de Van Der Woude". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25136/tde-12062007-144801/.
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A Síndrome de Van der Woude (VWS) se caracteriza pela presença de fossetas congênitas no lábio inferior, associadas ou não à presença de fissura de lábio e/ou palato. Esta entidade é a forma sindrômica mais comum nos pacientes portadores de fissura labiopalatal, mesmo assim, ela é subdiagnosticada. Após o seqüenciamento do DNA, no ano de 2001, houve um aumento no interesse e no desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área de Genética Molecular Humana. Em 2002, pesquisadores identificaram no cromossomo 1, o gene IRF6 como sendo o responsável pela VWS. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados e analisados os prontuários de pacientes cadastrados e portadores da VWS do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais - HRAC - USP, juntamente com seus familiares em primeiro-grau portadores de fissura de lábio e/ou palato, com ou sem fossetas, totalizando 22 pacientes. Foram realizados exames clínicos e radiográficos, medidas antropométricas, sialometria e heredograma de todos os pacientes. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com os dados resultantes do estudo genético e molecular realizado por LIMA (2005), em sua tese de Doutorado. Observamos que os achados bucais são bastante comuns no fenótipo da VWS, já que em nossa amostra tivemos 68,20% dos pacientes com alguma anomalia dentária do desenvolvimento e 45,45% dos portadores da síndrome apresentavam pelo menos ausência de um dente. Sendo assim, o cirurgião-dentista tem importância chave tanto no diagnóstico e na avaliação bucal, quanto no tratamento dos pacientes portadores da VWS.The Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is characterized by the presence of congenital lower lip pits associated or not to cleft lip and/or palate. This disorder is the most common syndrome affecting patients with cleft lip and palate; despite of that, it is underdiagnosed. After DNA sequencing in 2001, there was an increase in the interest and development of studies on Human Molecular Genetics. In 2002, investigators identified the gene IRF6 on chromosome 1 as being responsible for the VWS. The present study comprised analysis of records of patients with VWS registered at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - HRAC - USP, as well as their first-degree relatives with cleft lip and/or palate without lip pits, adding up to 22 patients. Analysis comprised clinical and radiographic examinations, anthropometric measurements, salivary flow rate and genealogy of all patients. The results were compared with data on genetic and molecular investigations conducted in the PhD thesis of LIMA (2005). The oral findings in the present sample are very common in the phenotype of VWS, since 68.20% of patients had some type of developmental dental anomaly, and agenesis of at least one tooth was observed in 45.45% of patients. Therefore, dental professionals play a fundamental role in the diagnosis, oral examination and treatment of patients with VWS.
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He, Jianhan [Verfasser] y Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Bismayer. "Comparison of the microstructure of the bivalve shells Pinctada fucata and Anodonta cygnea and the gastropod shell Phorcus turbinatus / Jianhan He ; Betreuer: Ulrich Bismayer". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161530363/34.
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Lancia, Melissa. "Estudo de associação entre polimorfismo genético e os fenótipos fissura labiopalatina e agenesia dentária não sindrômicas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-12012015-155216/.
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A fissura labiopalatina é a anomalia craniofacial mais comum nos seres humanos e em relação à cavidade bucal a agenesia dentária se apresenta mais prevalente em indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas do que na população em geral. Esses fenótipos têm sido considerados decorrentes de alterações do desenvolvimento embrionário e ocorrem como resultado da interação de fatores genéticos e ambientais, caracterizando uma etiologia multifatorial. Tem sido apontado que a função anormal de alguns genes que possuem papel na formação craniofacial e dentária poderia estar relacionada à etiologia desses fenótipos. Dentre os genes candidatos para esses fenótipos têm se destacado o MSX1 entre outros. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a associação entre o polimorfismo no gene MSX1 (rs12532) com os fenótipos fissura labiopalatina e agenesia dentária não sindrômicos isolados ou em associação. A amostra foi composta por 222 indivíduos divididos em 4 grupos: grupo 1, indivíduos com fissura e agenesia dentária; grupo 2, indivíduos com fissura sem agenesia dentária; grupo 3, indivíduos com agenesia dentária sem fissura e grupo 4, controle (sem agenesia e sem fissura). Foi realizada a extração do DNA genômico a partir da saliva coletada dos indivíduos. O polimorfismo no gene MSX1 (rs12532) foi estudado por meio de Reação em cadeia da Polimerase em tempo real (PCR Real Time) utilizando o ensaio Taqman (Applied Biosystems). O teste do qui-quadrado (p<0,05) e o cálculo da razão de chances (IC=95%) foram utilizados na análise estatística. O polimorfismo no gene MSX1 esteve associado aos indivíduos dos grupos com agenesia associada à fissura e agenesias isoladas, porém não houve associação para os indivíduos do grupo com fissuras isoladas. Os resultados sugerem que o polimorfismo no gene MSX1 (rs12532) exerce um papel na suscetibilidade das agenesias dentárias na população brasileira em indivíduos com e sem fissura.Cleft lip and palate is the most common craniofacial anomaly in humans and, in relation to oral cavity, tooth agenesis is significantly more prevalent in individuals with cleft lip and palate than in the general population. Cleft lip and palate and tooth agenesis phenotypes are considered changes in embryonic development and occur as a result of interaction between environmental and genetic factors, featuring a multifactorial etiology. It has been suggested that abnormal function of some genes that have role in craniofacial and tooth formation, could be related in the etiology of these phenotypes. Among the candidate genes for these phenotypes, MSX1 has been highlighted. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the MSX1 gene polymorphism (rs12532) with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and tooth agenesis phenotypes isolated or in association. The sample was comprised of 222 individuals divided into 4 groups: group 1, cleft lip and palate with tooth agenesis; group 2, cleft lip and palate without tooth agenesis; group 3, tooth agenesis without cleft and group 4, a control group without tooth agenesis or cleft. Genomic DNA extraction was performed from the saliva collected from the individuals. The MSX1 gene polymorphism (rs 12532) was studied using real time PCR, Taqman method. The chi-square (p< 0.05) and odds ratio tests (CI= 95%) were performed for statistical analyses. The MSX1 polymorphism was associated with cleft lip and palate with tooth agenesis and isolated tooth agenesis groups, but no association was found between the polymorphism and isolated cleft lip and palate group. This suggests that MSX1 gene polymorphism (rs12532) plays a role in the susceptibility for tooth agenesis in the Brazilian population with and without cleft lip and palate.
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Lawenius, Tove. "Sambandet mellan fetch och förekomst av stormusslor : En studie i Vänern". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16032.
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Sötvattensmusslor är viktiga i ekosystem där de finns, för människan utgör de även en ekosystemtjänst då de filtrerar vatten. De stora sötvattensmusslorna kallas stormusslor och finns i både sjöar och vattendrag i Sverige. I Vänern har fyra av de inhemska arterna noterats. Fetchen är längden på den öppna vattenytan från en punkt på land till närmsta land eller ö. Beroende på en strands storlek på fetch kan bottensedimentet se annorlunda ut. Musslorna är bottenlevande och spenderar mycket tid nedgrävda i bottensedimenten. När musslorna är uppe och filtrerar på bottenytan sitter de halvt nergrävda med bakänden uppåt. I denna rapport presenteras stormusslornas förekomst och dess relation till stränders fetch. Mer kunskap om stormusslorna behövs för att kunna utveckla ett mer anpassat naturvårdsarbete för dem. Inventering av musslor har skett på 20 olika platser i sydöstra Vänernområdet. Denna studie visar att en trend till ett samband finns mellan förekomst av stormusslor och lokalens fetch. Fetchen påverkar den maximala tätheten som musslorna kan uppnå. Analys ger statistisk signifikans på att tätheten minskar med ökad fetch. Tidigare forskning visar på liknande resultat. Emellertid tycks fler variabler vara beroende faktorer för hur mycket och om fetchen påverkar musslorna.Freshwater bivalves are important organisms in the ecosystems they live, they also function as an ecosystem service for the human society. Swedish freshwater bivalves are divided into two groups; one with freshwater clams Sphaeriidae, and freshwater mussel with polyphile bivalves that are larger. Freshwater mussel lives in lakes and rivers, in Lake Vänern four species of the Swedish freshwater mussel have been observed. Fetch is the length of the open water from a point on shore to the nearest land or island. The structure of the lake bottom sediment can vary dependent on what value of fetch a shore has. In this report the freshwater mussel’s relation to the shore fetch is presented. More knowledge of the freshwater mussel is needed to develop a more suitable conservation work for them. Inventory of mussel have been done on 20 different places in the southeast area of Lake Vänern. The results in this study shows a trend towards a relation between presence of freshwater mussel and shore fetch. Analysis on the highest density of mussel when the fetch data is divided in different classes shows a statistic significance for reduced density of mussel with increased fetch. Previous research shows similar results. However, more variables seem to be dependent factors for how and if fetch affect mussel.
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Huber, Verena Maria Magdalena [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Geist, Jürgen [Gutachter] Geist y Johannes [Gutachter] Kollmann. "Host fish suitability for the endangered native Anodonta and impacts of the invasive Sinanodonta woodiana on their reproductive success / Verena Maria Magdalena Huber ; Gutachter: Jürgen Geist, Johannes Kollmann ; Betreuer: Jürgen Geist". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210163721/34.
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HAYER, FRANK Pihan Jean-Claude. "ESTIMATION DE LA CONTAMINATION DU MILIEU AQUATIQUE PAR LES COMPOSES ORGANO-HALOGENES (AOX ET EOX). APPLICATION A L'ETUDE D'ACCUMULATION ET DE RELARGAGE DES EOX PAR ANODONTA CYGNEA L., EXPOSE IN SITU AUX EFFLUENTS D'UNE USINE DE PATE A PAPIER /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1997/Hayer.Frank.SMZ9745.pdf.
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Hayer, Frank. "Estimation de la contamination du milieu aquatique par les composés organo-halogénés (AOX et EOX) : application à l'étude d'accumulation et de relargage des EOX par Anodonta cygnea L., exposé in situ aux effluents d'une usine de pâte à papier". Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Hayer.Frank.SMZ9745.pdf.
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Les composés organo-halogènes sont, contrairement à ce que l'on a souvent pensé, ubiquistes dans l'environnement, et leurs origines diverses sont aussi bien naturelles qu'anthropiques. L'utilisation des paramètres de groupe aox (composés organo-halogènes adsorbables) et eox (composés organo-halogènes extractibles) permet de palier les problèmes analytiques de l'identification individuelle de ces composés, dont une grande majorité reste inconnue de nos jours, et de les quantifier dans les différents compartiments de l'écosystème aquatique : eau, sédiments et organismes. L'étude de quatre cours d'eau a permis de mettre en évidence et de confirmer l'existence de multiples sources de composés organo-halogènes dans l'eau et les sédiments du nord-est de la France. Parmi celles-ci, une usine de pâte à papier blanchissant au chlore se distingue des autres, et se caractérise par des rejets chroniques et des concentrations élevées en aox dans l'eau et les sédiments du milieu récepteur. Afin de rendre compte des effets de tels effluents sur les organismes, et de quantifier la fraction de micropolluants biodisponibles, quatre espèces de mollusques aquatiques, anodonta cygnea l. (bivalve unionidae), unio pictorum l. (bivalve unionidae), dreissena polymorpha p. (bivalve dreissenidae) et viviparus viviparus l. (gasteropode viviparidae) ont été transférés et exposés en amont et en aval des rejets de l'usine. L'anodonte, anodonta cygnea l. , a été retenu comme indicateur biologique pour plusieurs raisons : sa bonne résistance aux effluents ; sa taille suffisamment grande pour permettre l'étude sur des organismes individuels et des organes ; son taux élevé d'accumulation de composés organo-halogènes. L'accumulation et le relargage de ces micropolluants par l'anodonte se font de manière différente selon les organes considérés, et dépendent des propriétés physico-chimiques des composes organo-halogènes présents dans l'effluentHalogenated organic are more widespread in the environment than previously assumed, and originated either from natural and antropogenic sources. The use of the sum parameters aox (adsorbable organic halogens) and eox (extractable organic halogens), allows to palliate the analytical problems of individual identification of those compounds, among which a great majority is still unknown, and enables also their quantification in the different compartments of the aquatic environment : water, sediments and organisms. The study of four water courses has permitted to bring to the fore, and to confirm, the existence of several sources of organic halogenated compounds in the water and the sediments of North-eastern France. Among them, a chlorine bleaching pulp and paper mill is distinguished, and characterised by chronic emissions and high aox concentration in the water and the sediments of the receiving medium. In order the account the effects of such effluents on organisms, and to quantify the bioavailable fraction of micropolluants, four species of aquatic molluscs, Anodonta cygnea L. (bivalve unionidae), unio pictorum L. (bivalve unionidae), Dreissena polymorpha P. (bivalve dreissenidae) et Viviparus viviparus L. (gastropod viviparidae), were transferred and exposed up and down stream of the mill. The swan mussel, Anodonta cygnea L. , has been retained as biological indicator for several reasons : its good resistance to the effluents ; its large size allowing studies on individual organisms and organs ; its high accumulation rate of halogenated organics. The accumulation and the release of these micropollutants by the mussel differ according to the considered organ, and depend on the physico-chemical characteristics of the organic halogenated compounds present in the effluent
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Silva, Tatiana Cristina Lino Guedes. "Prevalência de agenesia de terceiros molares na clínica universitária Egas Moniz". Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/13997.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas MonizIntrodução: A agenesia dentária, ou hipodontia, é a anomalia dentária mais frequente no ser humano e pode ser definida como a ausência congénita de um ou mais dentes. Pode variar desde a ausência de uma única peça dentária à ausência total (anodontia). Ocorre devido a uma falha na proliferação e/ou diferenciação da lâmina dentária. De causa multifactorial, pode relacionar-se com factores genéticos, ambientais, nutricionais, traumáticos e/ou infecciosos. Alguns autores consideram-na consequência da evolução humana. Objectivo: Determinar a prevalência de agenesia de terceiros molares em pacientes da Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz, com idades entre 16 e 50 anos. Materiais e Métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário a 100 pacientes seleccionados aleatoriamente na consulta de Triagem e o diagnóstico de agenesia dentária foi concluído após exame clínico e radiográfico. Resultados: Revelou-se a presença de agenesia em 33% da amostra. Apesar de não existir diferença estatisticamente significativa entre géneros foi encontrada maior prevalência no sexo masculino (36,1%). Os indivíduos mais jovens, dos 16 aos 29 anos, foram os que manifestaram mais agenesia (43,1%), com diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação às outras faixas etárias, determinada através do teste Qui-quadrado (p=0,038). A agenesia predominou na arcada inferior, do lado direito e o terceiro molar mais frequentemente ausente foi o 4.8. Conclusão: Verificou-se uma prevalência alta de agenesia, registando-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa em função da faixa etária. Constatou-se também que a agenesia é independente do sexo.
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Dias, Ana Rita Silva. "Determinação dos hospedeiros ecológicos de Potomida littoralis, Unio delphinus e Anodonta anatina". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/55561.
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Dissertação de mestrado em EcologiaA co-extinção é considerada a forma mais simples de extinção secundária. No entanto, a ignorância acerca da especificidade de hospedeiros, limitações das coleções históricas, sistemática incompleta dos taxa afiliados e quase total falta de estudos experimentais, dificultam a documentação de co-extinções bem como qualquer esforço para reduzir o seu impacto. Os mexilhões de água doce, onde se incluem as três espécies em estudo, Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758), Unio delphinus (Spengler, 1793) e Potomida littoralis (Cuvier, 1798), são particularmente vulneráveis a este fenómeno uma vez que o seu ciclo de vida possui uma fase larvar obrigatoriamente parasítica em peixes. O principal objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em determinar in situ quais os peixes hospedeiros das espécies em estudo em várias bacias do Norte de Portugal avaliando as taxas de infestação das várias espécies de potenciais hospedeiros bem como possíveis diferenças espaço temporais. Verificou-se que a maioria das espécies nativas (principalmente escalo e barbo) juntamente com as espécies não nativas perca-sol e alburno apresentaram níveis de infestação consideráveis. No entanto, na determinação de hospedeiros ecológicos viáveis não nos devemos cingir à simples observação das taxas de infestação sendo que também as taxas de transformação e o fitness de cada indivíduo variam com a espécie de hospedeiro utilizada. Desta forma, e como estudos anteriores demonstram que os níveis de transformação quando são usados hospedeiros não-nativos são baixos ou nulos, esta situação levanta problemas de conservação importantes que advêm do facto de estarem a ocorrer, em vários rios Ibéricos (e mundiais), extinções de espécies nativas e introduções de espécies não nativas. A informação gerada neste estudo e que engloba uma parte essencial do ciclo de vida dos bivalves de água doce é extremamente importante para a conservação destes organismos sendo ainda necessários trabalhos futuros para completar e complementar os dados aqui apresentados e que passam por avaliações das taxas de transformação dos gloquídios em cada espécie de hospedeiro, do fitness e crescimento pós-larvar, das ameaças à relação gloquídio-hospedeiro e dos padrões espaço temporais e dinâmicas evolutivas associadas às mesmas.
Coextinction is the simplest form of secondary extinction. However, the ignorance about host specificity, the limitation of historical collections, incomplete systematics of affiliate taxa and the almost complete lack of experimental and field studies, impair the documentation of coextinctions and the reduction of their impacts. Freshwater mussels, including the three species selected for this study, Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758), Unio delphinus (Spengler, 1793) and Potomida littoralis (Cuvier, 1798), are particularly vulnerable to this phenomenon since their life cycle includes an obligatory parasitical larval stage in fish hosts. The main aim of this study was to determine the possible fish hosts of the three studied species in several basins in Northern Portugal through the evaluation of infestation rates in the potential fish hosts and possible spatial and temporal differences. It was observed that most native species (mainly barbel and chub) together with the non-native pumpkinseed sunfish and the common bleak presented the highest infestation rates. However, when determining the viable ecological hosts, we can not only focus on the infestation rates since there are other factors, such as transformation rates and the individual fitness, that may vary with the host species. Therefore, and as shown in earlier studies, the levels of transformation when nonnative hosts are used are very low or null; this situation raises some important problems for conservation because several Iberian rivers (and also worldwide) have been subjected to the extinction of native species and the introduction of non-native species. The information generated in this study that encompasses an essential part of the life cycle of freshwater mussels is extremely important for the implementation of future conservation efforts but further studies are needed to complete and complement these data, such as determining the transformation rates of glochidia that developed in different host species, the fitness and post-larval growth, possible threats to the glochidia-host relationship as well as the associated spatio-temporal patterns and evolutionary dynamics.
Este estudo foi suportado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) como parte do projeto FRESHCO: Multiple implications of invasive species on Freshwater Mussel co-extinction processes (Projeto PTDC/AGR-FOR/1627/2014 - 04/SAICT/2015 e Projeto 3599 – Promover a Produção Científica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e a Constituição de Redes Temáticas 3599-PPCDT, comparticipado pelo Fundo Comunitário Europeu FEDER).
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Inssi, Hanane. "Bioecology and conservation of Duck Mussel Species (Anodonta anatina L., 1758) in Northeastern Portugal". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/13130.
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Freshwater mussel (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionoida) populations are one of the most endangered faunistic groups. Mussels play an important role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems, because they are responsible for the filtration and purification of water. They have a complex life cycle, with a parasitic larvae and usually limited host fish species. The real status of these populations is still poorly understood worldwide. The objectives of the present work were the study of bioecology of duck mussel (Anodonta anatina L.) populations of Tua Basin (NE Portugal). It was made the characterization of the ecological status of Rabaçal, Tuela and Tua Rivers, selecting 15 sampling sites, equally distributed by the three rivers. Samplings were made in the winter of 2016, and several physico-chemical water parameters measured and two habitat quality indexes calculated (GQC and QBR indexes). Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were sampled based on the protocols established by the Water Framework Directive. Host fish populations for duck mussel were determined in laboratorial conditions, testing several native and exotic fish species. The results showed that several water quality variables (e.g. dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids, and nutrients) can be used for the classification of river typology. Other responsive metrics were also determined to identify environmental degradation. For instances, hydromorphological conditions (GQC and QBR indexes) and biota related metrics (e.g. composition, distribution, abundance, diversity of invertebrate communities) contributed to the evaluation of the ecological integrity. The upper zones of Rabaçal and Tuela rivers were classified with excellent and good ecological integrity, while less quality was found in downstream zones. The host fish tests showed that only native species are effective hosts, essential for the conservation purposes of this mussel species. Threats, like pollution, sedimentation and river regularization (3 big dams are in construction or in filling phase), are the main cause of habitat loss for native mussel and fish populations in the future. Rehabilitation and mitigation measures are essential for these lotic ecosystems in order to preserve the prioritary habitats and the native species heavily threatened.As populações de mexilhão de água doce (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionoida) são um dos grupos faunísticos mais ameaçadas. Desempenham um papel importante no funcionamento dos ecossistemas aquáticos, sendo responsáveis pela filtração e purificação de água. Têm também um ciclo de vida complexo, com larvas que parasitam obrigatoriamente um conjunto limitado de espécies piscícolas hospedeiras. O estado real destas populações é ainda pouco conhecido em todo o mundo. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram o estudo da bioecologia das populações de Anodonta anatina (L.) na bacia do rio Tua (NE Portugal). Foi feita a caracterização do estado ecológico dos rios Rabaçal, Tuela e Tua, selecionando 15 locais de amostragem. As amostragens, feitas no inverno de 2016 permitiram avaliar a qualidade físico-química da água e dos habitats. As comunidades de invertebrados foram amostradas com base nos protocolos estabelecidos pela Directiva-Quadro da Água. Os peixes hospedeiros de A. anatina foram determinados em condições laboratoriais, testando várias espécies de peixes nativas e exóticas. Os resultados mostraram que há variáveis de qualidade da água (e.g., oxigénio dissolvido, condutividade, pH, sólidos dissolvidos totais e nutrientes) que podem ser usados para a classificação de tipologia dos rios. Foram ainda determinadas outras métricas responsivas para identificar a degradação ambiental. Por exemplo, as condições hidromorfológicas (índices GQC e QBR) e as métricas relacionadas com o biota (e.g. composição, abundância, diversidade de invertebrados) permitiram avaliar a integridade ecológica. As zonas superiores dos rios Rabaçal e Tuela foram classificados com excelente integridade ecológica, enquanto qualidade foi menos boa nas zonas de jusante. Dos peixes testados, apenas as espécies nativas são hospedeiros eficazes, essenciais para efeitos de conservação desta espécie. As principais ameaças para a A. anatina no NE de Portugal são a poluição, sedimentação e regularização fluvial (3 grandes barragens estão em construção ou em fase de enchimento), responsáveis pela substancial perda de habitat. Neste sentido, é essencial a definição de medidas de reabilitação e mitigação para a conservação dos habitats prioritários e das espécies nativas fortemente ameaçadas.
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Ngo, Thi-Thuy-Huong. "Effects of cadmium on calcium homeostasis and physiological conditions of the freshwater mussel Anodonta Anatina". 2008. http://opus.ub.uni-bayreuth.de/volltexte/2008/488/.
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"Bioacumulação do herbicida atrazina pelas espécies de bivalves limnicos Anodontites trapesialis (Lamarck, 1819) e Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774)". Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59139/tde-15072003-104821/.
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Paret, Grégoire. "Displasia ectodérmica: impactos na cavidade oral". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/8662.
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Introdução: A displasia ectodérmica é uma doença genética e hereditária caracterizada por uma anomalia das estruturas ectodérmicas. Associa-se a uma tríade típica: hipoidrose, oligodontia e hipotricose.
Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivos explorar a temática: displasia ectodérmica hipoidrótica , relacioná-la com os impactos sentidos na cavidade oral e discutir a importância da multidisciplinariedade neste contexto.
Metodologia: Revisão narrativa, nos motores de busca: Sciencedirect, B-on, Elsevier e Pubmed, no período (2005-2018), com as palavres-chave «Displasia ectodérmica», «Hipodontia/anodontia», «Genética», «Reabilitação oral», «Síndrome de Touraine Siemens».
Conclusão: A displasia ectodérmica permanece uma patologia rara caracterizada por anormalidades na morfogénese de tecidos e órgãos de origem ectodérmica. As anomalias dentárias associadas têm consequências no crescimento crânio-cervico-facial. A displasia ectodérmica requer prevenção e tratamento em Medicina Dentária, sempre numa abordagem multidisciplinar.Introduction: Ectodermal dysplasia is a genetic and hereditary disease characterized by an anomaly of ectodermal structures. It is associated with a typical triad: hypohidrosis, oligodontia, and hypotrichosis. Objective: The present work aims to explore the theme: hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, to relate it to the impacts felt in the oral cavity and to discuss the importance of multidisciplinarity in this context. Methodology: Narrative review in the search engines: Sciencedirect, B-on, Elsevier and Pubmed, in the period (2005-2018), with the key words «Ectodermal dysplasia», «Hipodontia / anodontia», «Genetics», «Oral rehabilitation» , "Touraine Siemens Syndrome". Conclusion : DE remains a rare condition characterized by abnormalities in morphogenesis of tissues and organs of ectodermal origin induced by a genetic disorder. Dental anomalies have consequences on facial growth and maxillary growth. DE requires prevention and treatment in dental medicine include motivation for oral hygiene, conservative care, orthodontics and prosthetic rehabilitation.
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Chen, Jia-Cong y 陳嘉聰. "Evaluating How the Environmental Heterogeneity Affects the Distribution of the Freshwater Mussel Anodonta woodiana in Yilan 52-Jia Wetland". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9r6f99.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
生物環境系統工程學研究所
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To understand how environmental heterogeneity regulates the spatial distribution of Anodonta woodiana in wetlands, this study analyzed this subject from three aspect: the mussel’s environmental factor, metabolism, and behavior. The species, water quality and substrate quality in 52-Jia Wetland were analyzed to explore the environmental factors required for A. woodiana, and laboratory experiments were also conducted to investigate the influences of environmental factors on oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and burrowing cycle. The water quality factor shows that A. woodiana does not prefer high concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrients and electrical conductivity habitats. The substrate quality factor shows that A. woodiana prefers to inhabit the high clay content substrate, and does not prefer high concentration of potassium and sodium. Therefore, the laboratory experiments are conducted based on the substrate quality factors to explore the OCR and burrowing cycle of A. woodiana. Results from the OCR experiments shows that there is a significant difference in the oxygen consumption between clay and sand substrate. In the clay experiments, the average OCR is 225.37 mgO2/kg-day, and metabolic constant is 586.11. In the sand experiments, the average OCR is 425.36 mgO2/kg-day, and the metabolic constant is 53.85. Results from the burrowing cycle experiments with clay substrate shows average time between burrowing cycle is 50 ± 11 sec, average burrowing distance is 0.31 ± 0.07 cm, biggest angle is 57° ± 4°, and average rocking angle is 12° ± 7°. The sand substrate experiment shows, average time between burrowing cycle is 143 ± 47 sec, average burrowing distance is 0.23 ± 0.08 cm, biggest angle is 69° ± 5°, and average rocking angle is 18° ± 3°. This study concludes that both the high electrical conductivity from Dongshan River and high sand substrate, high nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients concentration from building construction caused the difference of A.woodiana distribution in 52-Jia Wetland. Moreover, A.woodiana prefers substrate quality with higher content of clay and doesn’t prefer high electrical conductivity. Therefore, reduction of surrounding building and volume of tidal inlet are suggested on habitat maintenance and management.
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Ngo, Thi-Thuy-Huong [Verfasser]. "Effects of cadmium on calcium homeostasis and physiological conditions of the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina / presented by Ngo Thi Thuy Huong". 2008. http://d-nb.info/991617592/34.
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Assunção, Tiago José Coutinho de. "Caracterização e proteção das espécies nativas de bivalves nas lagoas costeiras da Barrinha de Mira e Lagoa de Mira". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/5651.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia do AmbienteAs lagoas costeiras Mira e Barrinha de Mira constituem-se como zonas húmidas de grande produtividade e sensibilidade natural e integram o sítio rede natura 2000: Dunas de Mira, Gândara e Gafanhas. A integridade ecológica destas lagoas depende da sustentabilidade ambiental de toda a envolvente, estando intrinsecamente relacionada com o nível de intensidade das pressões, quer naturais quer antrópicas. Através de bioindicadores de referência procurou-se conhecer a capacidade de resiliência destes ecossistemas, assim como planificar as medidas mais adequadas, quer à sua reabilitação, quer à sua preservação. Como bioindicadores usaram-se as comunidades de bivalves, também designados náiades, enquanto elementos integrantes daqueles ecossistemas húmidos e de grande importância funcional e ecológica. Outrora abundantes nos ecossistemas aquáticos epicontinentais, encontram-se atualmente num dos grupos de organismos mais ameaçados e em risco de extinção. Procurou-se assim, caracterizar e quantificar as espécies nativas de bivalves de água doce, no sentido de colmatar uma lacuna no que concerne ao conhecimento destas espécies em sistemas lênticos, contribuindo assim para um maior conhecimento do Património Natural destes ecossistemas. Em ambas as lagoas estudadas (Barrinha de Mira e Mira) estão presentes duas espécies de bivalves de água doce nativas: Anodonta cygnea e Unio delphinus. Deve ser dada uma especial atenção à Anodonta cygnea uma vez que esta espécie esta possivelmente restrita a apenas três locais (estas duas lagoas e à Pateira de Fermentelos) na Península Ibérica. As principais ameaças a estas espécies de bivalves nativos em ambas as lagoas são: eutrofização da água, presença de espécies invasoras (por exemplo, Corbicula fluminea, Eichhornia crassipes, Carassius auratus), a falta de hospedeiros nativos, dragagem, pesca predatória, entre outros. A eutrofização constitui, talvez, a maior ameaça de longo prazo à integridade ecológica destas lagoas caracterizadas pela circulação restrita de água, baixa profundidade e ambientes densamente povoados. Esta situação é geralmente intensificada pelo crescimento excessivo de Eichhornia crassipes que necessita de controlo constante. A fim de aumentar a consciência ambiental, foram produzidas informações sobre a preservação das lagoas, nomeadamente um guia, desdobráveis e painéis informativos para proporcionar conhecimentos à comunidade relativamente aos valores naturais das lagoas, alertar para a importância do controlo de espécies invasoras, visando a conservação dos bivalves de água doce, dos seus habitats e hospedeiros.
The Coastal lagoons of Barrinha de Mira and Mira are highly productive and sensitive natural wetlands, and form part of the Natura 2000 Network known as the Dunas de Mira, Gandara and Gafanhas. The ecological integrity of these lagoons depends on the environmental sustainability of the surrounding area and intrinsically related to the intensity level of both natural and anthropogenic pressures. Bioindicators through reference seeks to recognize the resilience of these ecosystems, and develop plans and measures to rehabilitate or preserve these systems. Communities of bivalves (also called naiads), elements with great functional and ecological importance in these humid ecosystems, were used as bioindicators. Once abundant in epicontinental aquatic ecosystems, are currently one of the most threatened groups of organisms at risk of extinction. This project sought to characterize and quantify the populations of native freshwater bivalve species, and contribute to the knowledge of these species in lentic systems, thereby promoting the Natural Heritage of these ecosystems. In both lagoons studied (Barrinha de Mira and Mira) two species of native freshwater bivalves are present: Anodonta cygnea and Unio delphinus. A special attention should be given to Anodonta cygnea since this species is possibly restricted to only three sites (these two lagoons plus Pateira de Fermentelos) in the Iberian Peninsula. The main threats to these native bivalve species in both lagoons are: water eutrophication, presence of invasive species (e.g. Corbicula fluminea, Eichhornia crassipes, Carassius auratus), lack of native hosts, dredging, overfishing, etc… Eutrophication poses perhaps the greatest long-term threat to the ecological integrity of these lagoons characterized by restricted water circulation, shallow depths, and heavily populated surroundings. This situation is usually intensified by the overgrowth of Eichhornia crassipes that needs constant control. Finally, in order to increase environmental awareness, were produced information on the preservation of the lagoons in the form of a guide, leaflets and informative panels, providing knowledge to the public on the intrinsic natural values of the lagoons, promote the importance of the invasive species control, and the conservation of freshwater bivalves, their habitats and their hosts.
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Wall, Matthew D. 1977. "Association Analysis of Class II Division 2 Malocclusion and Two Genes Linked to Hypodontia (MSX1 and PAX9)". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1927.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Purpose of the Study: Determine if there is an association of the CII/D2 malocclusion and genes linked to hypodontia, namely PAX9 and MSX1. Methods and Materials: One hundred probands with CII/D2 and one hundred non-CII/D2 with no hypodontia were enrolled in this study. Clinical exam, photographs, models, radiographs, and saliva were gathered. DNA was isolated from the saliva and sent for genetic analysis. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) from the PAX9 and MSX1 genes were analyzed using the LightCycler® 480 to verify the presence of each with the CII/D2 malocclusion. A Hardy-Weinberg test was used to screen for genotyping errors, then a chi-square test was used to evaluate the association of the SNP genotypes. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The Hardy-Weinberg test showed no significant differences between observed and expected counts thus we used them for association analysis. Chi-square analysis indicated no significant association between CII/D2 and the MSX1 rs3821949 and the PAX9 1955734 genotypes. Although a p-value of 0.06 for the PAX9 rs8004560 suggested association, it was considered a grey area and insufficient to conclude that there was significant association. Since the SNP PAX9 rs8004560 was insufficient, additional statistical analysis was also performed on the PAX9 rs8004560 genotype of the CII/D2 affected subjects reported to have hypodontia of any tooth including third molars and excluding third molars. A chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.08 on the analysis of CII/D2 with hypodontia for any permanent tooth except third molars, which suggested association, but insufficient to conclude a significant association. All other analyses indicated a lack of association of the PAX9 rs8004560 SNP. Conclusions: There is no significant association of CII/D2 and the SNPs MSX1 rs3821949 and PAX9 rs1955734. There is a suggestion that there is an association of the SNP PAX9 rs8004560 and CII/D2. There is a suggestion that there is an association of SNP PAX9 rs8004560 and CII/D2 subjects with hypodontia of any tooth except third molars.