Artículos de revistas: "Arched truss truss"

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KIRSANOV, M. N. "ANALYSIS OF THE DEFLECTION OF THE ARCHED TRUSS". Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings, n.º 5 (octubre de 2017): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2017-5-50-55.

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Kirsanov, Mikhail N. "INDUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DEFORMATION OF THE ARCHED TRUSS". International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 14, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2018): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2018-14-1-64-70.

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An analytical solution to the problem of the deflection of a flat arched statically determinate truss un-der the action of a uniformly distributed and concentrated load is obtained and analyzed. To obtain the depend-ence of the deflection on the number of panels, an induction method was used in two parameters — the number of panels in the crossbar and the number of panels in the supporting side trusses. All transformations and analysis are performed in the system of computer mathematics Maple. Expressions for the forces in individual rods are found. The asymptotic approximation of solutions is obtained.

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3

El Sayed, Ahmed Yehia, Mohamed Darwish y Khaled Nassar. "Design and Constructability of Novel Extendable Arched Steel Truss Falsework". Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 147, n.º 3 (marzo de 2021): 04020187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001989.

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4

Kirsanov, Mikhail, Dmitriy Tinkov y Oleh Boiko. "Analytical calculation of the combined suspension truss". MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926505025.

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An algorithm is given for obtaining the formula for the dependence of the deflection of a regular planar truss of an arched type with a suspended lower belt on the number of panels. The cases of uniform loading of the nodes of the upper and lower belts by a vertical load are considered. To generalize a number of solutions obtained in the system of computer mathematics Maple to an arbitrary case, an induction method was applied. For this purpose, for a sequence of coefficients of the particular solutions found, a common term is determined which is a solution of the recurrence equation. The deflection was determined with the help of Mohr's integral, which depends on the forces in the rods. Forces in a statically determinate construction were performed by cutting out nodes from the solution of a system of equations written in a matrix form. The analytical dependence of displacement of the mobile support on the number of panels is found.

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5

Darwish, Mohamed, Ahmed Yehia Elsayed y Khaled Nassar. "Design and Constructability of a Novel Funicular Arched Steel Truss Falsework". Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 144, n.º 3 (marzo de 2018): 04018002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001449.

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6

Li, Jiang, Jiepeng Liu, Liang Cao y Y. Frank Chen. "Vibration Behavior and Serviceability of Arched Prestressed Concrete Truss Due to Human Activity". International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 18, n.º 12 (9 de noviembre de 2018): 1850146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455418501468.

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The current trend toward longer spans and lighter floor systems, combined with reduced damping and new activities, have resulted in an increasing complaints on floor vibration from building owners and occupants. Heel-drop, jumping, and walking impacts, which may lead to discomfort problems in daily life, were imposed on a large-span arched prestressed concrete truss (APT) girder system studied. The natural frequencies, peak acceleration, average root-mean-square acceleration (ARMS), maximum transient vibration value (MTVV), and perception factor for the girder were obtained and checked against the existing codes and standards. The purpose of this paper is to provide researchers and engineers with a detailed evaluation on the vibration behavior of the APT girder under different human activities, with a comprehensive review on the relevant criteria and some suggestions. Lastly, the following threshold peak accelerations are suggested: 650[Formula: see text]mm/s2 for transient heel-drop impact, 1450[Formula: see text]mm/s2 for transient jumping impact, and 250[Formula: see text]mm/s2 for steady-state walking. In addition, the threshold values of 90[Formula: see text]mm/s2 and 50[Formula: see text]mm/s2 are suggested for MTVV and ARMS, respectively, under steady-state walking.

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7

Qiu, Dong Wei, Yan Min Wang y Xiu Zhong Chen. "Large Building Overhead Installation Control Surveying". Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (mayo de 2012): 2974–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2974.

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In the process of urbanization, along with a high degree of integration of the intensification of land use and urban architecture function, many large-scale large buildings have appeared which have enormous architectural space and the structure is complex. They are the city's landmarks and are the import integration of urban functions and landscape. During the construction of complex steel structure the high altitude installation need high demand to control surveying. It requires not only the surveying accuracy, precision, but also high surveying techniques on the spatial structure of three-dimensional positioning, docking, and assembly. Conventional planar and high level processing surveying mode cannot meet the construction needs. In this paper the arched surface steel roof truss high altitude installation project of China Tianjin West Railway Station is researched which has north-south length of 394 meters and east to west span 126 meters. The research aims to establish an accuracy of high three-dimensional surveying control network. This paper presents a specific implementation method of control surveying. And though data processing, accuracy evaluation and the analysis of engineering applications results, we verify the correctness of the method. This method support spatial location and geometric characteristics for arched surface of steel roof truss high attitude installation. It ensures the project successfully implemented.

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8

Gaydzhurov, Peter. "STUDY OF STRESS-STRAIN STATES OF A REGULAR HINGE-ROD CONSTRUCTIONS WITH KINEMATICALLY ORIENTED SHAPE CHANGE". University News. North-Caucasian Region. Technical Sciences Series, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2020): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/1560-3644-2020-3-5-12.

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For regular hinge-rod systems, an engineering technique for analyzing the stress-strain state is developed, taking into account the transformation of the shape of the structure by folding repeated fragments in the plane of the smallest stiffness. As a result, the original straight shape turns into an arched truss. The proposed meth-od is based on the extension of the modified Lagrange method to the problem of analyzing the stress-strain state of a spatial truss structure with kinematically directed shape change. A step-by-step adjustment of the structure geometry is used, taking into account the resulting nodal displacements. For the software implemen-tation of the proposed calculation algorithm, a macro is compiled in the APDL language embedded in the ANSYS Mechanical software package. A step-by-step procedure was tested that simulates the transformation process of the spatial farm geometry.

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9

Wang, Xiao Ping, Li Yu y Bo Lu. "Roof Structural Program of Main Plant for GuanDi Hydropower Station". Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (septiembre de 2011): 2080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.2080.

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Concrete beam and slab system is commonly applied in the main plant roof of hydropower station, which is difficult for construction and slow, having a great impact on the construction period. For the main plant roof structure (span of 30 metres)of GuanDi hydropower station in Yalong River, this paper proposes three light steel roof systems, which are arched corrugated steel roof, light gauge-steel and shell roof, and carries detailed analyses and comparisons on the force calculation, appearance, the amount of steel, site construction, anticorrosive performance and other aspects. Regarded that the light gauge-steel roof is the most suitable system for the main plant roof of hydropower station, this paper introduces the layout, arched truss design and purlin of light gauge-steel roof, providing reference for design and application of similar projects.

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10

Ezeokonkwo, JC, CU Nwoji, KE Ezugwu y NC Aneke. "Structural and Economic Viability of 2D/3D Finite Element Analysis of Conical Arched Roof Truss". Nigerian Journal of Technology 33, n.º 3 (30 de junio de 2014): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v33i3.3.

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11

Kirsanov, Mikhail N. "Calculation of the deflection of an arched truss with suspended elements depending on the number of panels". Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 16, n.º 3 (15 de diciembre de 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2020-16-3-179-184.

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The aim of the work - to propose a scheme and analytical calculation of a statically definable planar truss with a suspended lower belt. Methods. The formula for the dependence of the deflection of the truss under the action of a uniform load on the lower belt on its size and the number of panels is derived in the computer mathematics system Maple. The forces in the rods are found from the solution of the general system of equilibrium equations of all nodes in symbolic form. The deflection is calculated using the Maxwell - Mohr's formula. Generalization of a number of formulas for deflection obtained by increasing the number of panels sequentially to an arbitrary number is performed by double induction using two independent parameters. In this case, special operators of the Maple system are used, allowing for a sequence of coefficients in the desired formula to create and solve recurrent equations that satisfy the elements of the sequences. Results. The obtained solutions have a polynomial form for the number of panels. Curves of deflection dependence on the number of panels are constructed and analyzed. Asymptotic properties of solutions are found in the case of a fixed span length of the structure and a given total load. The proposed scheme is a statically determinate structure with two independent parameters of regularity allows for the finding of a fairly simple analytical solution. The resulting formula is most effective in calculating systems with a large number of elements, where numerical methods tend to accumulate rounding errors.

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12

A. Darwish, Eman, Yasser Mansour, Hamed Elmously, Amr Abdelrahman y Ayman Moustafa. "Structural Performance of Arched Space Trusses Using Date Palm Midribs for Light and Cost-Effective Construction in Egypt". Buildings 10, n.º 6 (3 de junio de 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10060106.

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Date palm midribs enjoy a long heritage among rural builders and craftsmen in Egypt for their abundance and low-cost. This familiarity encouraged previous studies to tackle the question of using date palm midribs in wide-span construction to provide simple, quick, cost efficient shaded structures. The design of tri-arched space truss was aimed to utilize date palm midribs in cost-efficient wide-span construction with minimal processing and maximum structural efficiency. However, the validated mechanical properties, the workability, the short-term and the long-term structural behaviors of the system are yet to be investigated. This paper investigates the structural behavior of a proposed tri-arched system using 1:3 scale specimens. The long-term environmental effects are also studied in one of the specimens. The specimens experienced high flexibility and gradual failure. A finite element model was created to predict the behavior of the specimens. The validated model was used to determine the structural behavior of the system with 12 m span. The system was found to be safe under the loads of wind and roofing. This paper is a part of a continuous process of validation that aims to utilize date palm midribs in contemporary wide-span construction to match the spirit of the youth in rural communities.

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13

Chen, Daihai, Wenze Wang, Zheng Li, Zhenqi Xu y Fengrui Ma. "Comparative analysis of seismic performance of 122-meter long concrete-filled steel tube arched chord truss bridge before and after reinforcement". Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering 19, n.º 2 (31 de enero de 2020): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2020.1716772.

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14

Tahmasebinia, Faham, Marjo Niemelä, Sanee Ebrahimzadeh Sepasgozar, Tin Lai, Winson Su, Kakarla Reddy, Sara Shirowzhan, Samad Sepasgozar y Fernando Marroquin. "Three-Dimensional Printing Using Recycled High-Density Polyethylene: Technological Challenges and Future Directions for Construction". Buildings 8, n.º 11 (21 de noviembre de 2018): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8110165.

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are transforming the design and manufacture of components and products across many disciplines, but their application in the construction industry is still limited. Material deposition processes can achieve infinite geometries. They have advanced from rapid prototyping and model-scale markets to applications in the fabrication of functional products, large objects, and the construction of full-scale buildings. Many international projects have been realised in recent years, and the construction industry is beginning to make use of such dynamic technologies. Advantages of integrating 3D printing with house construction are significant. They include the capacity for mass customisation of designs and parameters to meet functional and aesthetic purposes, the reduction in construction waste from highly precise placement of materials, and the use of recycled waste products in layer deposition materials. With the ultimate goal of improving construction efficiency and decreasing building costs, the researchers applied Strand 7 Finite Element Analysis software to a numerical model designed for 3D printing a cement mix that incorporates the recycled waste product high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The result: construction of an arched, truss-like roof was found to be structurally feasible in the absence of steel reinforcements, and lab-sized prototypes were manufactured according to the numerical model with 3D printing technology. 3D printing technologies can now be customised to building construction. This paper discusses the applications, advantages, limitations, and future directions of this innovative and viable solution to affordable housing construction.

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15

Miller, Ann B. "Survey and Determination of Historic Significance of Nonarched Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1601, n.º 1 (enero de 1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1601-01.

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Bridges are a cultural resource that must be considered for historic significance under the Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The Virginia Transportation Research Council conducted pioneering studies of Virginia’s early metal truss bridges and concrete and masonry arch bridges during the 1970s and 1980s. However, no comprehensive evaluation of nonarched concrete bridges in Virginia had been undertaken, and it had become standard practice to evaluate these bridges on a case-by-case basis as projects arose that might affect them. Most of these studies were done by outside consultants, a time-consuming and expensive method. The Virginia Transportation Research Council’s Survey of Non-Arched Historic Concrete Bridges in Virginia Constructed Prior to 1950 has rectified the lack of information and analysis of these bridges (1950 was chosen as a cutoff date because structures generally must be at least 50 years old to be considered historically significant under National Register criteria). A field survey and data tabulation were completed, and criteria for the evaluation of historic significance were developed and applied to the results of the survey and analysis. Of 1,420 nonarched concrete bridges built before 1950, fewer than a dozen were found to be individually eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. The project identified Virginia’s few significant bridges of this type for appropriate management, and cleared more than 1,400 bridges, the great majority of Virginia’s nonarched concrete bridges, for maintenance and upgrade as needed. It is estimated that this project has already saved the Virginia Department of Transportation $500,000 and eliminated a typical 3- to 4-month delay for each project. Projected savings arising from this project are estimated at approximately $2.5 million over the next 10 years.

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16

Zhou, Wei Xing y Wen Bo Sun. "Application and Research of Folded Plate Type Steel Arch in the Design of Coliseum". Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (mayo de 2011): 610–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.610.

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To fully integrate the unique architectural style of the coliseum in Huai’an Sports Center, spatial truss-arch is used as the major structure and the truss-arches are connected by horizontal truss to form a composite structure with truss-arch and folded plate. In this paper the design concept and structure system is described firstly. And then, the main calculating results of its linear static, spectral response and overall stability are shown in detail.

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17

Halpern, Allison B. y Sigrid Adriaenssens. "Nonlinear Elastic In-Plane Buckling of Shallow Truss Arches". Journal of Bridge Engineering 20, n.º 10 (octubre de 2015): 04014117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000725.

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18

Koris, Kálmán y István Bódi. "Lateral torsional buckling analysis of truss-braced timber arches". Revista de la construcción 18, n.º 2 (2019): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.18.2.323.

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19

Tahmasebinia, Faham, Samad M.E. Sepasgozar, Sara Shirowzhan, Marjo Niemela, Arthur Tripp, Servani Nagabhyrava, ko ko, Zuheen Mansuri y Fernando Alonso-Marroquin. "Criteria development for sustainable construction manufacturing in Construction Industry 4.0". Construction Innovation 20, n.º 3 (23 de marzo de 2020): 379–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-10-2019-0103.

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Purpose This paper aims to present the sustainable performance criteria for 3D printing practices, while reporting the primarily computations and lab experimentations. The potential advantages for integrating three-dimensional (3D) printing into house construction are significant in Construction Industry 4.0; these include the capacity for mass customisation of designs and parameters for functional and aesthetic purposes, reduction in construction waste from highly precise material placement and the use of recycled waste products in layer deposition materials. With the ultimate goal of improving construction efficiency and decreasing building costs, applying Strand7 Finite Element Analysis software, a numerical model was designed specifically for 3D printing in a cement mix incorporated with recycled waste product high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and found that construction of an arched truss-like roof was structurally feasible without the need for steel reinforcements. Design/methodology/approach The research method consists of three key steps: design a prototype of possible structural layouts for the 3DSBP, create 24 laboratory samples using a brittle material to identify operation challenges and analyse the correlation between time and scale size and synthesising the numerical analysis and laboratory observations to develop the evaluation criteria for 3DSBP products. The selected house consists of layouts that resemble existing house such as living room, bed rooms and garages. Findings Some criteria for sustainable construction using 3DP were developed. The Strand7 model results suggested that under the different load combinations as stated in AS1700, the maximum tensile stress experienced is 1.70 MPa and maximum compressive stress experienced is 3.06 MPa. The cement mix of the house is incorporated with rHDPE, which result in a tensile strength of 3 MPa and compressive strength of 26 MPa. That means the house is structurally feasible without the help of any reinforcements. Investigations had also been performed on comparing a flat and arch and found the maximum tensile stress within a flat roof would cause the concrete to fail. Whereas an arch roof had reduced the maximum tensile stress to an acceptable range for concrete to withstand loadings. Currently, there are a few 3D printing techniques that can be adopted for this purpose, and more advanced technology in the future could eliminate the current limitation on 3D printing and bring forth this idea as a common practice in house construction. Originality/value This study provides some novel criteria for evaluating a 3D printing performance and discusses challenges of 3D utilisation from design and managerial perspectives. The criteria are relied on maximum utility and minimum impact pillars which can be used by scholars and practitioners to measure their performance. The criteria and the results of the computation and experimentation can be considered as critical benchmarks for future practices.

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20

Pichugin, S. F., V. P. Chichulin y K. V. Chichulina. "SPATIAL STRUCTURES OF CLOSED PROFILES". ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, n.º 48 (27 de marzo de 2017): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2017.48.787.

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The article presents a new design of steel space trusses, arches, frames of complex application, the main advantages of which are lightness, durability of plane, cost efficiency, reliability, reduction of construction period and investment cycle, energy savings at manufacture, transportation and construction. Based on the previously performed experimental and theoretic studies, the expediency of using box-shaped section parallel chord trusses has been proved. Therefore, new constructive decisions for light efficient trusses, arches, frames that can be used at erection of civil and industrial objects are presented below. The suggested efficient structure of a steel truss with spatial upper chord, using tubes or rectangular hollow box-shaped sections, steel trifurcate spatial truss construction, spatial arch truss, spatial arch. Considered the use of closed cross-sections for spatial arch elements. It has been revealed that using the two-hinges spatial frame the construction cost of a building can be reduced due to reducing of the basement’s dimensions.

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21

Xenidis, Haris, Konstantinos Morfidis y Panagis G. Papadopoulos. "Simple Nonlinear Static Analysis Using Truss Models for Modeling Snap-through of Thin Shallow Arches". Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (noviembre de 2012): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.685.

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In this paper, a truss model is used for the geometrically nonlinear static analysis of a thin shallow arch subject to snap-through. Thanks to the very simple geometry of a truss, the equilibrium conditions can be easily written and the global stiffness matrix can be easily updated with respect to the deformed structure, within each step of the analysis. A very coarse discretization is applied. For the geometrically nonlinear static analysis, a short computer program has been developed by displacement control of a plane truss model of a structure. This very short, fully documented computer program is applied on the geometrically nonlinear static analysis of a specific thin shallow arch subject to snap-through.

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22

Dou, Chao, Yu-Fei Guo, Zi-Qin Jiang, Wei Gao y Yong-Lin Pi. "In-plane buckling and design of steel tubular truss arches". Thin-Walled Structures 130 (septiembre de 2018): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.024.

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23

Liu, Changyong, Qing Hu, Yuyin Wang y Sumei Zhang. "In-Plane Stability of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Parabolic Truss Arches". International Journal of Steel Structures 18, n.º 4 (18 de julio de 2018): 1306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-018-0122-y.

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24

Biegus, Antoni. "Corrugated sheet as a bracing of flat truss chords at their out-plane buckling". Budownictwo i Architektura 13, n.º 3 (11 de septiembre de 2014): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1822.

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Corrugated sheet properly connected with the upper chord of the flat truss can be taken into account in the assessment of the out-plane stability of the upper and bottom chord as well. The term of lateral bracing by the corrugated roof sheeting in purlinless truss chords was discussed. The calculation models for assessment of the lateral supporting of the bottom truss chords a as the flexible restraint in the roof corrugated sheets were given. The procedures of the assessment of resistance due to out-plane buckling of the bottom truss chord braced by roof sheeting were presented.

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25

Xenidis, H., K. Morfidis y P. G. Papadopoulos. "Nonlinear analysis of thin shallow arches subject to snap-through using truss models". Structural Engineering and Mechanics 45, n.º 4 (25 de febrero de 2013): 521–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.45.4.521.

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26

SACKS, JEFFREY J. "In Rates We Trust". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 147, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 1993): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160320015004.

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27

Yang, Shi Ruo y Dan Qing Chen. "Spatial Analysis of Bridges Composed of Arches and Trusses by Truss Section Finite Element Method". Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (enero de 2013): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.470.

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In this paper, the stiffness and load matrix of Jiujiang Changjiang River Bridge are established by truss section finite element method. The basic assumptions and calculating process is proposed, and the functions of bridge frames are also investigated. Finally, the lateral displacement is calculated under the action of wind load (or both wind and train load).

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28

Crook, John. "VI. The Pilgrims' Hall, Winchester. Hammerbeams, Base Crucks and Aisle-Derivative Roof Structures". Archaeologia 109 (1991): 129–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261340900014065.

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The roof of the so called ‘Pilgrims’ Hall’, Winchester, now dated to c. 1308, has long been recognized as one of the earliest surviving examples of hammerbeam construction. It is somewhat surprising, therefore, that the complete medieval structure, of which the Pilgrims’ Hall forms rather less than half, has not previously been investigated in detail. In its original form it was a six bay building covered by a single roof, which, though of one constructional phase, employed a variety of principal truss types (fig. 1). The three bays at the north end of the complex have masonry walls: they comprise the actual Pilgrims’ Hall, whose most impressive feature is its pair of hammerbeam trusses (pl. XLa). The other three bays had timber framed walls, and were subdivided into a second, two bay hall with a central base cruck truss, and a single bay at the south end of the building. In this paper the term ‘Pilgrims’ Hall’ is used to denote only the three bay hammerbeam hall, while the entire original structure is referred to as the ‘Pilgrims’ range’.The roof and timber framing of the complex must surely rank with those few structures that, in the words of the late R. T. Mason, ‘stand out for their contribution to overall knowledge’. The outstanding significance of the Pilgrims' range in the study of early medieval carpentry is that it included four major ‘aisle-derivative’ roof truss types in a single building: a true aisled truss, a base cruck truss, two hammerbeam trusses, and at least one raised aisle truss. The existence of continuous longitudinal members (arcade plates, cornice plates and a central purlin) and the uniform upper roof structure throughout the length of the range show that the entire roof was erected in a single campaign.

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29

Dou, Chao, Yan-Lin Guo, Si-Yuan Zhao, Yong-Lin Pi y Mark Andrew Bradford. "Elastic out-of-plane buckling load of circular steel tubular truss arches incorporating shearing effects". Engineering Structures 52 (julio de 2013): 697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.03.030.

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30

Guo, Yan-Lin, Hang Chen y Yong-Lin Pi. "In-plane failure mechanisms and strength design of circular steel planar tubular Vierendeel truss arches". Engineering Structures 151 (noviembre de 2017): 488–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.055.

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31

Buda-Ożóg, Lidia. "The reliability of the support zone of beams formed with the use of ST models". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2013): 099–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2179.

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The following paper presents the analysis of the reliability assessment of a reinforced concrete beam whose shear zone was formed with the use of various truss models. Model 1 is a truss model that was generated using topological optimization. Model 2 is an intuitive model with vertical, tension bars which represent reinforcement in the shear zone by means of stirrups. Model 3 is a statically indeterminate truss. The conducted analysis of reliability of a support node formed with the use of three substitute trusses of varied topology shows that statically determinate models produce lower structural reliability than statically indeterminate models and thus the optimization of ST models should be considered on multi-criteria basis with the aim of obtaining models that are characterized by optimum stiffness and maximum reliability.

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32

Laraque, Danielle. "A Matter of Trust: Mandatory HIV Testing". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 150, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 1996): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170300110026.

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33

Shi, Minjie, Bo Yuan, Tengzhao Jiang y Yanhui Wei. "In-plane failure mechanisms and strength design of circular steel tubular Vierendeel truss arches with rectangular section". Structures 29 (febrero de 2021): 1779–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.12.040.

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34

Bateman, David A. "A Matter of Trust: Mandatory HIV Testing-Reply". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 150, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 1996): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170300110027.

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35

Pradelok, Stefan, Piotr Bętkowski, Adam Rudzik y Piotr Łaziński. "Engineering modelling of structural details of a bridge". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2013): 055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2073.

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This paper presents a method of engineering modelling of structural details, which enables the analysis of local static and dynamic effects in a complex structure with the use of a personal computer. An analysed structural detail, modelled with the use of shell finite elements, is mounted to a spatial truss member system. Then, on the basis of prepared computational model, a static or dynamic analysis is carried out. The proposed model allows to detect the local effects in a theoretical. Conducted analyses confirmed the correct operation of such a computational model. Hence, the method of modelling presented in this paper allows to analyse the local effects on ordinary personal computer and more importantly, the results of such calculations are available within a relatively short period of time. The calculations are carried out by analysing the local effects in a steel node of the truss railway bridge.

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36

Bołbotowski, Karol, Michał Knauff y Tomasz Sokół. "Applications of truss topology optimization in the design of reinforced concrete structures using „Strut and Tie” models". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2013): 091–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2178.

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Although Strut and Tie models are often used in practical design due to their apparent concept based on truss analysis, the creation of a model consistent with behaviour of the real structure is not an easy task. Frame corner model considered in the paper and presented in code [7] and article [8] exemplifies the problem. The authors proposed a method of automatic generating of ST models by making use of truss topology optimization (volume minimization problem). The method is based on classical ground structure approach. The authors introduced a method of including the cost of nodes in the objective function, which allowed to obtain solutions consisting of rationally small number of bars (unlike Michell’s structures). Moreover, algorithms ensuring consistency with Eurocode requirements were developed. The method was implemented in computer program. With the use of the software the authors proposed an alternative ST model for the frame corner, which requires considerably less reinforcement steel in comparison with the model suggested by the code. The versatility of the program was well proven in several other examples of plane stress problems in reinforced concrete design.

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37

Gerrard, John. "The Early Years of the Scottish Civic Trust". Architectural Heritage 21, n.º 1 (noviembre de 2010): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/arch.2011.0003.

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38

McPhillips, Heather A., Robert L. Davis, Edgar K. Marcuse y James A. Taylor. "The Rotavirus Vaccine's Withdrawal and Physicians' Trust in Vaccine Safety Mechanisms". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 155, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 2001): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.155.9.1051.

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39

Szlendak, Jerzy y Piotr Oponowicz. "Resistance of truss N shape joints made with steel RHS in plug & play connections". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2013): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2156.

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Research on resistance of truss N shape RHS joints is presented. Experimental evidence of such joint behaviour tested in natural scale is described. Geometry and material properties of the tested six connections are given. For each specimen axial-deflection curves are presented. The comparison between numerical models by ANSYS software and experimental results is shown. Finally, some important conclusions are given.

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40

Dong, Jian Tao, Jun Zhao y Kai Shi. "Dynamic Behavior and Stability of Prestressed Arch-Supported Reticulate Shell Structure". Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (octubre de 2010): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.188.

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As a new long-span space system, the prestressed arch-supported reticulate shell structure performs the advantages of reticulated shell and prestressed structure. The construction process, large span/depth ratio and small critical load of long-span space structure, can lead to obvious stress excess of tensile steel, especially when prestressed arches are used in truss arch and reticulated shell combined structure. However, no research was conducted on how the residual stress in the steel affects the structure stability. Thus, the dynamic behavior of some actual structure is simulated numerically through modal analysis by ANSYS in this paper. The results show that, for prestressed arch-supported reticulate shell structure, the vibration frequency increases with the whole stiffness, and the prestress can improve obviously the buckling ultimate load. There is great difference in vibration modes for different structure styles. This kind of hybrid structure conducts good whole performance, and may be used widely in the near future.

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41

Xie, Xiao-Li, Yang Huang y Xia Qin. "Conceptual design of a new type of single-tower cable-stayed arch bridge and study of its mechanical properties". Advances in Structural Engineering 24, n.º 11 (27 de marzo de 2021): 2500–2511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13694332211001506.

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In order to overcome the apparent characteristics as a flexible structure of a long-span single-tower cable-stayed bridge and the excessive axial force of the main girder, and to exert the advantages of cable-stayed arch cooperative system bridges, this paper proposes a new type of single-tower cable-stayed arch cooperative system bridge. On the premise of the same amount of steel, the new cooperative system bridge can have a greater stiffness than the existing cable-stayed arch cooperative system bridge with the same span. The new system bridge uses the main girder as the rigid tie bar to balance the arches’ thrusts, which enables the main girder to have a smaller axial force and makes the cable-stayed arch cooperative system bridge a thrustless structure. The proposed bridge is assembled by the following method: (a) constructing a cable-stayed bridge with a steel box girder to bear part of the dead load and to act as a construction platform firstly; (b) then installing arch structures and fixing they with the girder to bear the remaining dead load; and, (c) adding web members between the arch ribs and the girder to form a variable-height truss structure with the arch ribs as the upper chords and the girder as a lower chord to bear most of the live load at last. The underlying mechanical principles were explained, and the mechanical properties of the cooperative system bridges were calculated with the finite element method in this paper. The stiffness and axial forces in the girders are analyzed by the finite element method and compared with those of the conventional bridges. The FEA results show that the new cooperative system bridge has the truss structure’s characteristics, which shows apparent advantages of stiffness and much smaller axial force in the main girder.

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42

McNeill, George. "Rising to the Challenge: The Building Preservation Trust Movement in Scotland". Architectural Heritage 17, n.º 1 (noviembre de 2006): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/arch.2006.17.1.117.

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43

Potrzeszcz-Sut, Beata y Ewa Pabisek. "The analysis of stresses and displacements in the aluminium structure with replaceable elements". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 1 (11 de marzo de 2013): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2210.

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The paper concerns the non-linear analysis of stresses and displacements in an aluminium truss tower. The Ramberg – Osgood material model was assumed. This model introduced power type relation between stresses and strains. In order to identify the inverse relation, a neural network was used. Because of the need to strengthen the tower, a number of aluminium bars was replaced by steel bars. The perfect elastic material model was assumed for the steel bars. The analysis of stresses and extreme displacements was performed during the cyclic loading and unloading of the system. Two global unloading processes were considered: elastic and elastic-plastic processes. The relationship between the load factor and deflection of the top of the tower is shown. Analysis was performed using a hybrid FEM/ANN program.

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44

Ciężak, Tadeusz y Daniel Wałach. "The width of skew cracks in the supported zone of beams made from High Performance Concrete (HPC)". Budownictwo i Architektura 4, n.º 1 (11 de junio de 2009): 031–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2332.

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The main purpose of the following thesis was to develop a method for calculating the width of skew cracks in the supported zone of beam elements made from High Performance Concrete, using the primary guidelines of the calculation model (substitute truss) used in standard regulations concerning shearing. The author’s own studies have also been described in the thesis. The program of tests, a description of their realization, as well as the results obtained from tests pertaining to adhesiveness and beam elements have also been presented. An analysis of the results obtained was carried out, which was compared to the results of the theoretical analysis based on standard regulations. The last section of the thesis contains the author’s proposed method for calculating the width of skew cracks in the supported zones of elements made from HPC. A comparison was also made between the calculation results obtained on the basis of the proposed method and both the results of the author’s own research as well as the results obtained from studies described in the literature.

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45

DMITRIEV, I. K. "REASURCH THE WORK OF THE TRADITIONAL CIRCULAR ARCH OF TIMBER JAMBS WITH AN OPTION OF ITS STRENGTHENING". Building and reconstruction 90, n.º 4 (2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2020-90-4-29-37.

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The article discussesthe research of the traditional circular archs of timber jambs, designedin the 16-th century by the French architectPhilibert Delorme, with an option of its strengthening, which make this arch comparable to the glued timber one. The experimental research of a flat arch, made of small wooden bricks strung on a steel rope and prestressed from the foundationzone, was carried out in the NRU MGSU. According to the results, it was found, that the arch has a low carrying capacity and can work only on compression. However, by strengthening the arch by using a steel band along its upper face and thus moving to the truss structure, it is possible to increase significantly its carrying capacity and bring it closer to the glued timber arch. During tests, it was noted that by the character of its work this arch is close to the circular arch of timber jambs. In the LIRA-CAD PC a computer simulationwas carried out of the traditional and the strengthened by a steel band along its upper face circular arches of timber jambs, as well as the glued timber arch. The following results were obtained.During the deformation process, the deflection of the strengthened circular arch decreased by 31%, and the stresses in it decreased by 26% compared to the traditional one, and according to the carrying capacity the arch has become comparable to the glued timber one. On this basis the conclusions were obtained, that it is possible to create non-linear form constructions, inherent to the natural objects, using the strengthened circular arch.

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46

Soetanto, Robby, Mark Childs, Paul S. H. Poh, Stephen Austin, Jacqueline Glass, Zulfikar A. Adamu, Chinwe Isiadinso, Harry Tolley y Helen Mackenzie. "Key Success Factors and Guidance for International Collaborative Design Projects". International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, n.º 3 (27 de noviembre de 2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i3.703.

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In the built environment (BE) sector, the co-creation process of design demands understanding of requirements (as viewed by parties involved), mobilisation of tacit knowledge, negotiation, and complex exchange of information. The need to collaborate over distance has further exacerbated the complexity of the process, and, in itself, represents a significant challenge for BE professionals who are increasingly expected to undertake this process within globally distributed virtual teams. The research aims to identify key success factors and develop guidance for international collaborative design projects, via the implementation of collaborative design courses in UK and Canadian universities over three academic years. Questionnaire surveys, focus groups, observation of online meetings, personal reflections provided data for the analysis. The findings reveal the significance of the perceived risk of collaboration and a difference in preferred communication mode between architects and civil/structural engineers. These findings suggest the impact of training in the subject discipline, and that the opportunity for co-located working has helped the development of trust. The guidance is aimed at BE educators who wish to implement this activity in their courses.

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47

Brzezińska, Karolina y Andrzej Szychowski. "The influence of rotational flexibility of beam-column connection on roof plane rigidity of energy-active cover of frame-purlin hall". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2013): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2130.

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The paper analyses the influence of the rotational flexibility of beam-column connection on the roof plane rigidity of the longitudinally braced frame-purlin cover of the solid wall hall. The cover is adapted to obtain thermal energy from solar radiation. The roof cover is then provided in the form of a transparent glass barrier which requires considerable roof plane rigidity. The analysis aimed to compare the roof plane rigidity of the frame-purlin cover to those of space structures and truss-purlin covers, depending on the type of longitudinal bracing and rotational rigidity of the beam-column connection. The investigations were conducted for three types of roof plane bracing and different rigidity indexes of the beam-column connection (from u=0 – pin connection, through u=0.25; 0.5; 0.75 – semi-rigid connection, to u=1 – rigid connection). In the transfer of horizontal forces, the interaction of the rigidity of frames with flexible nodes (beam-column) with longitudinal roof plane bracings supported by lateral bracings of gable walls was observed. The highest roof plane rigidity was demonstrated by 2X-shaped and K-shaped braces with rigid nodes at frame corners.

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48

Eshrati, Parastoo, Somayeh Fadaei Nezhad Bahramjerdi, Samaneh Eftekhari Mahabadi y Mitra Azad. "EVALUATION OF AUTHENTICITY ON THE BASIS OF THE NARA GRID IN ADAPTIVE REUSE OF MANOCHEHRI HISTORICAL HOUSE KASHAN, IRAN". International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, n.º 3 (22 de noviembre de 2017): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i3.1276.

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Since it is highly desirable in the reuse of historic monuments not only to maintain their values but to promote them in contemporary life, authenticity is considered one of the measures of success in adaptive reuse projects. Nara Grid, which is designed concerning authenticity, is used as a tool to assess the authenticity of cultural heritage. This paper investigates authenticity in the adaptive reuse of Manouchehri House in Kashan based on the Nara Grid. The importance of this house lies in the fact that it is one of the first which has been reused by the private sector in this city and also has managed to encourage private sector partnership in the reuse of houses in this city and other historic cities of Iran. It has also been able to increase government trust, which shifts from top-down to a bottom-up approach in the field of cultural heritage, in the private sector. In this research, using Statistical Analysis methods, it is determined within the adaptive reuse of this house which ‘Dimensions’ and ‘Aspects’ of authenticity have received more attention and which ones received less; and also significant differences among individual’s viewpoints according to their gender, field, education, and age were investigated.

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49

Szelka, Janusz y Zbigniew Kamyk. "The application of composites (FRP) in military bridges". Budownictwo i Architektura 12, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2013): 063–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2074.

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The needs of expeditionary forces involve the use of light-weight, short-span bridges so that their transport by air would be possible. A project which is currently developed in USA aims at the elaboration of a Composite Army Bridge (CAB) assault bridge and a Modular Composite Bridge – MCB logistic bridge. In 2004 CAB successfully underwent fatigue tests. A 14 m-long, all-composite treadway bridge span was loaded by using an MLC 100 vehicle and it withstood 20 000 load cycles. The MCB will be constructed by7 m of box modules and a 6.5 m access ramp. A 26 m-long and 4 m-wide bridge span is to provide the traffic ability of MLC 65. Furthermore, works on a 10 m-long, MLC 30 composite bridge are also developed in Canada too. The paper also presents the American concept of employing a deployable bridge system by utilising a composite structure. In order to formwork and reinforce the plate, fibre reinforced polyester composites (FRP) were used. The girder construction is made of aluminium pipes forming diamond truss with curved bottom chord. After they are integrated in the structure, the top chord nodes are connected through deck plate cast in-situ. The tests indicated that there exists the possibility of using polymer composites in military bridge construction and mobile structures of composite bridges.

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50

Sormani, Mattia C., Robin G. Tress, Simon C. O. Glover, Ralf S. Klessen, Cara D. Battersby, Paul C. Clark, H. Perry Hatchfield y Rowan J. Smith. "Simulations of the Milky Way’s Central Molecular Zone – II. Star formation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, n.º 4 (9 de julio de 2020): 5024–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1999.

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ABSTRACT The Milky Way’s Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) has emerged in recent years as a unique laboratory for the study of star formation. Here we use the simulations presented in Tress et al. to investigate star formation in the CMZ. These simulations resolve the structure of the interstellar medium at sub-parsec resolution while also including the large-scale flow in which the CMZ is embedded. Our main findings are as follows. (1) While most of the star formation happens in the CMZ ring at $R\gtrsim 100 \, {\rm pc}$, a significant amount also occurs closer to Sgr A* at $R \lesssim 10\, {\rm pc}$. (2) Most of the star formation in the CMZ happens downstream of the apocentres, consistent with the ‘pearls-on-a-string’ scenario, and in contrast to the notion that an absolute evolutionary timeline of star formation is triggered by pericentre passage. (3) Within the time-scale of our simulations (∼100 Myr), the depletion time of the CMZ is constant within a factor of ∼2. This suggests that variations in the star formation rate are primarily driven by variations in the mass of the CMZ, caused, for example, by active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback or externally induced changes in the bar-driven inflow rate, and not by variations in the depletion time. (4) We study the trajectories of newly born stars in our simulations. We find several examples that have age and 3D velocity compatible with those of the Arches and Quintuplet clusters. Our simulations suggest that these prominent clusters originated near the collision sites where the bar-driven inflow accretes on to the CMZ, at symmetrical locations with respect to the Galactic Centre, and that they have already decoupled from the gas in which they were born.

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