Artículos de revistas: "Bad breath"

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Ettikan, Sagunthala. "Bad Breath". IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 13, n.º 6 (2014): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0853-13644449.

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Hutchinson, Michelle G. "BAD BREATH". Journal of the American Dental Association 144, n.º 3 (marzo de 2013): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0108.

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Levit, Bernardo. "BAD BREATH". Journal of the American Dental Association 134, n.º 6 (junio de 2003): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0244.

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Milius, Susan. "Bad Breath". Science News 167, n.º 6 (5 de febrero de 2005): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4016017.

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Chawla, Raghav. "Bad breath". BMJ 330, Suppl S1 (1 de enero de 2005): 050113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.050113.

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Hirsch, Alan R. "Bad Breath". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 260, n.º 18 (11 de noviembre de 1988): 2665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03410180073026.

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Thomas, David F. "Bad Breath". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 260, n.º 18 (11 de noviembre de 1988): 2665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03410180073027.

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Mark, Anita M. "Controlling bad breath". Journal of the American Dental Association 152, n.º 7 (julio de 2021): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2021.03.009.

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Mark, Anita M. "Targeting bad breath". Journal of the American Dental Association 146, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2015): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2015.09.015.

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Hammond, Andrea. "Bad breath debunked". Dental Nursing 19, n.º 9 (2 de septiembre de 2023): 452–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2023.19.9.452.

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Elza Gorender, Miriam. "Bad breath: The perversion of breath". International Forum of Psychoanalysis 14, n.º 3-4 (diciembre de 2005): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08037060510046820.

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McDowell, John D. "BAD BREATH: RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES". Journal of the American Dental Association 127, n.º 3 (marzo de 1996): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0197.

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Kirk, Rebecca. "Bad breath ... scenting victory?" Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 8, n.º 7 (17 de mayo de 2011): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2011.80.

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Rosenberg, Mel y R. J. Doyle. "Bad Breath—Research Perspectives". Journal of Dental Research 74, n.º 5 (mayo de 1995): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345950740051501.

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15

Panov, Vladimir. "Study of bad breath". Journal of Medical and Dental Practice 10, n.º 1 (11 de abril de 2023): 1686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18044/medinform.2023101.1686.

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16

M. Zardawi, Faraedon, Dler A. Khursheed y Shamal S. Zorab. "Self-Perceived Oral Malodorous among Sulaimani Dental Students". Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, n.º 3 (26 de julio de 2018): 1675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1536.

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Oral malodorous is a common public problem, which is well recognized at dental clinics that pose considerable psychological distress to the sufferers. The aim of this study was to determine self-experience oral malodorous among dental students and to consider their knowledge toward its etiology and management. A questionnaire-based study was conducted on dental students to assess their experience of oral bad breath, how they accept the problem, how people around them react to their problem and what are the measures applied by the sufferers to overcome the problem of bad breath. Furthermore, this study attempted to record the psychological impact of oral bad breath on our students. The questioner examined students’ knowledge on cause of malodorous and factors (systemic and habits) that associated with it. Three hundred students answered the questioner and the frequency of oral bad breath was 33% experienced bad breath and 41.7 had a positive answer for having bad breath in past. Only 27% of the sufferers had been told about having bad breath by people around them. 31.7% sensed uncomfortable, 45%) sensed sad and 23.1% of suffers started taking and immediate action to controlling their bad breath when they have been told about it. Number of student suffering from oral malodorous and those provided history of halitosis wasn’t trivial. Furthermore, oral malodorous found to burden the sufferers psychologically; they were uncomfortable and have been embarrassed frequently by the response of their surrounding people.

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Rohrman, Douglass F. "A breath of bad air". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2, n.º 5 (junio de 2004): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0276:aboba]2.0.co;2.

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Soon, M. S., H. H. Yen, Y. Y. Chen y C. W. Yang. "Bad breath and weight loss". Gut 56, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2007): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2006.098889.

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Franklin, Deborah. "Good Bacteria for Bad Breath". Scientific American 308, n.º 5 (16 de abril de 2013): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0513-30.

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Dixon, Bernard. "Bad breath tied to tongue". Lancet Infectious Diseases 5, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2005): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(05)70249-8.

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Rosenberg, Mel. "The Science of Bad Breath". Scientific American 286, n.º 4 (abril de 2002): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0402-72.

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Erawati, Suci, Idamawati Nababan y Anisa Ulfah. "Overview of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Halitosis in Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia". Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 6, n.º 18 (8 de febrero de 2023): 2970–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v6i18.743.

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Background: Halitosis is a sign of dental and oral health problems. Halitosis is characterized by the presence of an unpleasant odor in the oral cavity. Halitosis is caused by many things, one of which is a result of impaired saliva production, which is caused by smoking. Online motorcycle taxi drivers are in a community that is very close to smoking. This study aimed to provide an overview of aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to halitosis in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia. Methods: Descriptive observational study. A total of 36 research subjects, namely online motorcycle taxi drivers, participated in this study. Observation of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior refers to a questionnaire developed by the halitosis clinic at the University of Basel, Switzerland. Univariate analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software. Results: The majority of research subjects are independently aware of bad breath and experience similar complaints <1 year. The majority of research subjects felt bad breath after waking up in the morning. The majority of research subjects also stated that dentists were the choice for consultation regarding bad breath disorders. The majority of research subjects know the origin of bad breath, the source of bad breath, and know that smoking is the cause of bad breath. Most research subjects did not feel ashamed of other people even though they felt they had bad breath. Conclusion: Knowledge and behavior related to halitosis are good, although attitudes related to halitosis are not good among online motorcycle taxi drivers in Sei Putih Tengah Sub District, Petisah District, Medan, Indonesia.

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Panov, Vladimir. "Bad breath and oral health conditions". Journal of Medical and Dental Practice 9, n.º 1 (29 de abril de 2022): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18044/medinform.202291.1419.

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Hu, Yu-Zi. "Correlation between bad breath andHelicobacter pyloriinfection". World Chinese Journal of Digestology 24, n.º 10 (2016): 1570. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v24.i10.1570.

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Wilson, Clare. "Bad breath and BO be gone". New Scientist 204, n.º 2739 (diciembre de 2009): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(09)63328-5.

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Carrotte, Peter. "Does Toothpaste Really Prevent Bad Breath?" Dental Update 35, n.º 5 (2 de junio de 2008): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2008.35.5.323.

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Ram, S. S. R. Raghu. "Halitosis-Bad Breath: Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment". Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, n.º 11 (2019): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.03612.x.

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Kidd, Sharon. "Good tidings for bad breath sufferers". Dental Nursing 19, n.º 12 (2 de diciembre de 2023): 588–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2023.19.12.588.

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Nasir, Umar, Sadia Nisar Ahmad, Haris Javed, Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Mustafa y Maryam Ijaz. "Prevalence of Halitosis among Orthodontics Patients". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, n.º 3 (26 de marzo de 2022): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163115.

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Aim: To evaluate prevalence and knowledge about halitosis among the patients visiting orthodontic department after application of Orthodontics appliances. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Orthodontics, Bacha Khan College of Dentistry, Mardan from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: A questionnaire based study was carried out on a total of 700 orthodontic patients. Only those patients were included who had orthodontic appliances. Results: 52.30% of the respondents were having prevalence of bad breath. Among those who had prevalence of bad breath, approximately two third (73%) were self-aware of their bad breath. 530 (75.71%) were conscious that they should appointment a dentist while majority were uninformed of the medical term for bad breath i.e. meaning of Halitosis 470 (67.15%). Conclusion: The frequency of halitosis amongst the patients was found to be 52.30%. Keywords: Halitosis, Oral Hygiene, Awareness, Oral health status, Oral malodor

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Sarwar, AFM, MH Kabir, AFMM Rahman, A. Haque, MA Kasem, SA Ahmad, PK Debnath et al. "Oral hygiene practice among the primary school children in selected rural areas of Bangladesh". Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital 18, n.º 1 (19 de octubre de 2012): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i1.12240.

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Objectives: To determine the oral hygiene practices, periodontal status and bad mouth breath (BMB) among the children age between 5 to 15 years. Study participants and methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted at at four-selected primary school at Fultola and Juri Upazilla of Moulovi Bazar District. Total 250 children aged 515 years, were interviewed on oral hygiene practices and BMB using structured questionnaire and a checklist. Oral hygiene and periodontal status were assessed by using disposable dental explorer and a dental mirror. Results: Oral hygiene practice were; where (66.8%) non tooth brush and tooth brush users were (33.2%). The prevalence of dental caries plaque, gingival bleeding and BMB on probing was (69.6%), (91.6%), (66.8 %) and (64%) respectively. Conclusion: Bad mouth breath is a cause of concern among children associated significant factors were gum bleeding. Research involving clinical diagnosis of bad mouth breath and intervention through oral health promotion and periodontal therapy are recommended. Clinical relevance: This study provides baseline information on oral health status and bad mouth breath which necessitates in the future need for objective assessment, diagnosis and management of bad mouth breath for enhanced social and professional interaction without embarrassments. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i1.12240 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (01): 43-48

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Rosenberg, Mel y Anton Amann. "Bad breath and exhaled breath analysis—common fields with common denominators". Journal of Breath Research 2, n.º 4 (11 de septiembre de 2008): 040201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/2/4/040201.

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Manouchehri, Neshatafarin. "Most Important Medicinal Plants with Anti-Halitosis Property: an Overview". Journal of Biochemicals and Phytomedicine 2, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jbp.2023.1.

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Bad breath, also called halitosis, can be embarrassing and in some cases may even cause anxiety. Halitosis is an oral health problem where the main symptom is bad smelling breath. In most cases, finding the cause of the bad breath is the first step toward treating this preventable condition. Blueberries, apples, parsley, cloves, coconut, ginger, cinnamon, grapes, green tea, black tea, coriander, lemon, thyme, savory, true cardamom, and marigold are plants used in traditional medicine to remove odors. The information of this short study can be the basis for experimental and clinical studies to promote use of medicinal plants and natural agents in the treatment of halitosis.

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Almas, Khalid, Abdullah Al-Hawish y Waheed Al-Khamis. "Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, n.º 4 (2003): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-77.

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Abstract The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices and halitosis among undergraduate students from King Saud University, College of Dentistry. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all 481 students; 263 male and 218 female students. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea drinking habits, and tongue coating. The response rate was 77%. Forty four percent of male and 32% of female students reported the self-perception of breath odor. Self-treatment was sought by 12% male and 22% female. Six percent of males and 4% of females experienced bad breath interference at their work. Seventy-eight percent of male and 62% of female students experienced bad breath after waking up. Brushing was prevalent among 81% of male and 99% of female students. Both miswak (chewing sticks) and tooth brushing were used by 53% male and 83% female students. Fifty seven percent of male students and 44% of female students reported caries. Bleeding gingiva was experienced by 26% of males and 14% of females. Dry mouth was common among 14% of males and 17% of females, while smoking was prevalent among 13% of males and 2% of females. Tea drinking was common among 44% of males and 37% of females, while tongue coating was equally common among both males and females (21% and 20%), respectively. The results indicate female students had better oral hygiene practices, significantly less self-reported oral bad breath, and smoked less compared to male students. There was no difference in tongue coating among male and female students. Further research is needed to examine oral malodor clinically and objectively by the standard procedures available. Students should be motivated to be a health symbol and keeping their mouths free from oral malodor. Citation Almas K, Al-Hawish A, Al-Khamis W. Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:077-090.

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Smith, N. "Reviews - Book Interview. Bad breath of life". Engineering & Technology 16, n.º 3 (1 de abril de 2021): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2021.0332.

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ROSENBERG, MEL. "CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF BAD BREATH: CURRENT CONCEPTS". Journal of the American Dental Association 127, n.º 4 (abril de 1996): 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0239.

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Tomova, Radosveta y Vladimir Panov. "Bad breath in gastrointestinal and liver diseases". Scripta Scientifica Medica 48, n.º 4 (14 de diciembre de 2016): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssm.v48i4.1810.

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Levin, L. y M. Rosenberg. "P1 Bad breath among young Israeli recruits". Oral Diseases 11, s1 (marzo de 2005): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01105_24.x.

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Imfeld, Thomas. "Bad breath — aetiology, differential diagnosis and therapy". Therapeutische Umschau 65, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2008): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930.65.2.83.

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Rund jede vierte Person hat Mundgeruch. Dabei muss zwischen Foetor ex ore (90%) und Halitosis (10%) unterschieden werden. Ersterer ist nur im Mundatem perzeptierbar und hat seine Ursache in der Mundhöhle. Halitosis ist im Mund- und/oder Nasenatem feststellbar und die Ursache liegt entweder nasal/pharyngeal (lokale Halitosis nur im Nasenatem), pulmonal oder selten gastrointestinal (systemische Halitosis im Mund- und Nasenatem). Eine entsprechende Differenzialdiagnose ist Voraussetzung für die Kausaltherapie. Verantwortlich für den Foetor ex ore sind flüchtige Schwefelverbindungen, welche durch proteolytische Mikroorganismen in der Mundhöhle produziert werden. Prophylaxe und Therapie basieren auf der mechanischen und chemischen Reduktion dieser Erreger. Mundgeruch kann ein nachhaltiges soziales Handikap sein, weshalb das Thema nicht tabuisiert werden darf.

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Johnson, Bruce E. "Halitosis, or the meaning of bad breath". Journal of General Internal Medicine 7, n.º 6 (noviembre de 1992): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02599209.

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Hudson, Susan. "Don't let bad breath rule the roost". Dental Nursing 19, n.º 6 (2 de junio de 2023): 290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2023.19.6.290.

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Do, Kyung-Yi. "Relationship between Insufficient Sleep and Bad Breath in Korean Adolescent Population". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 19 (2 de octubre de 2020): 7230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197230.

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This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate the association between insufficient sleep and bad breath among Korean adolescent population. It was based on the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2017). From 64,991 participants (aged 13–18 years), the final participation rate in the survey was 95.8% (62,276 participants; 31,624 boys and 30,652 girls). A complex sample logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between insufficient sleep and halitosis, after adjusting for all covariates. In Model II for estimating the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for general characteristics, students who answered “not at all sufficient”, indicating insufficient sleep, were at higher risk of bad breath than those who answered “completely sufficient” (AOR = 2.09, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.91–2.30). In Model III, for estimating the AOR adjusted for all covariates, students who answered “not at all sufficient”, indicating insufficient sleep, were at higher risk of bad breath than those who answered “completely sufficient” (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.33–1.83). It is necessary for families and schools to have health education lessons that recognize insufficient sleep among adolescents may be a cause of bad breath and therefore optimal sleeping habits and oral health behaviors should be promoted.

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Cerghedi, Alessandra-Aniela, Denisa-Paula Trif, Andreea Salcudean y Cristina Molnar-Varlam. "Pseudohalitosis – More than a Complicated Multidisciplinary Case". Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 8, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2023): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jim-2023-0008.

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Abstract Introduction Halitophobia is also known as false halitosis or psychosomatic halitosis. This pseudo-pathology originates from the somatization of the compulsive idea that the patient has bad breath in the absence of oral pathology. Case Presentation A patient addressed dental surgery complaining of a self-diagnosed halitosis. The dental consultation did not find any dental problem that could cause bad breath. She was referred to a general practitioner for further investigations to rule out a general condition. The investigations revealed a perfectly healthy person, without any chronic ailment that could cause bad breath. The patient refused to consult a psychologist or psychiatrist, considering that she does not have a mental health problem. Conclusions Patients with a suspicion of psychogenic halitosis require psychiatric counseling, and dentists have to be prepared with an efficient strategy for the correct management of these patients.

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Gatty, Hithesh, Göran Stemme y Niclas Roxhed. "A Miniaturized Amperometric Hydrogen Sulfide Sensor Applicable for Bad Breath Monitoring". Micromachines 9, n.º 12 (22 de noviembre de 2018): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9120612.

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Bad breath or halitosis affects a majority of the population from time to time, causing personal discomfort and social embarrassment. Here, we report on a miniaturized, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based, amperometric hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensor that potentially allows bad breath quantification through a small handheld device. The sensor is designed to detect H2S gas in the order of parts-per-billion (ppb) and has a measured sensitivity of 0.65 nA/ppb with a response time of 21 s. The sensor was found to be selective to NO and NH3 gases, which are normally present in the oral breath of adults. The ppb-level detection capability of the integrated sensor, combined with its relatively fast response and high sensitivity to H2S, makes the sensor potentially applicable for oral breath monitoring.

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Choi, Ha-Na, Young-Sik Cho y Jung-Wan Koo. "The Effect of Mechanical Tongue Cleaning on Oral Malodor and Tongue Coating". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 1 (23 de diciembre de 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010108.

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Background: Mechanical tongue cleaning is an important oral hygiene procedure; it is known that a significant cause of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), a major component of bad breath, is due to the bacteria coating the tongue. This study was conducted to identify the effect of mechanical tongue cleaning on reducing bad breath and tongue coating. Methods: Various mechanical tongue-cleaning methods were studied, including removing tongue coating using a toothbrush, removing tongue coating using a tongue scraper, and removing tongue coating using a toothbrush and a tongue scraper together. The results were as follows. Results: First, the organic bad breath measurement value after cleaning the tongue significantly decreased in the group using only the toothbrush, the group using only the tongue scraper, and the group using both the toothbrush and the tongue scraper. However, there was no difference between the groups. Second, after cleaning the tongue, the measured values of the tongue coating in the values of WTCI (Winkel’s tongue coating index) and Qray view were significantly reduced in all three groups, and there was no difference between the groups. Third, the gas measurement value in the oral cavity using a machine significantly decreased only the H2S value of the group using the tongue scraper immediately after the mechanical tongue cleaning. Conclusions: From these results, it can be confirmed that mechanical tongue cleaning is effective at reducing bad breath and tongue coating. However, in this study, there was no difference in the reduction effect according to the tools (groups) used for mechanical tongue cleaning. It can therefore be seen that wiping accurately from the rear of the tongue to the front is more effective at reducing bad breath and tongue coating.

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Oshiro, Akiko, Takashi Zaitsu, Yuko Inoue, Jarassri Srinarupat, Vy Thi Nhat Nguyen, Masato Nagai y Jun Aida. "Concerning perceived and clinically-measured levels of halitosis". Journal of Breath Research 17, n.º 1 (7 de noviembre de 2022): 016003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/ac9db3.

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Abstract The different types of self-reported halitosis complaints include those where one feels that one’s breath smells bad, where one feels that one has bad breath because of the attitudes of others, and where others have pointed out the presence of bad breath. The results of previous studies comparing the objective and subjectives measures of halitosis are inconsistent, and few studies have used gas chromatography (GC) to measure halitosis in a large sample. This study aimed to examine the objectively measured halitosis levels based on the reasons individuals are concerned about halitosis. We included 2063 patients who visited the halitosis clinic at a university dental hospital. Halitosis was assessed using GC, self-administered questionnaires, and oral examinations. Levels of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs; H2S, CH3SH, and (CH3)2S) were set as objective measures of halitosis. Patients were grouped based on their answers to ‘What made you concerned about bad breath?’ into groups: ‘self-perceived,’ ‘attitudes of others,’ ‘told by others,’ and other reasons. Univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with VSCs and objective halitosis levels. Age, sex, oral health status, smoking, drinking, and breakfast habits were used as confounders. Patients who answered ‘told by others’ (n = 691, 33.5%) showed the highest VSCs. Individuals whose halitosis was pointed out by others had higher objectively measured halitosis levels, while those concerned about the attitudes of others or perceived their own halitosis had lower objectively measured halitosis levels. These results suggest that the objective level of halitosis can differ on the basis of the reason underlying an individual’s concern about their bad breath. Categorizing halitosis complaints and comparing them with objective halitosis levels may help reduce the anxiety of those who are concerned about halitosis and confirm the need for intervention for those with objective halitosis.

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Yüksel, Selçuk, Deniz Gül Zorlu y Bayram Özhan. "Bad breath and painful swallowing in a boy". Archives of disease in childhood - Education & practice edition 104, n.º 6 (31 de julio de 2018): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315509.

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Nwhator, SO, GI Isiekwe, MO Soroye y MO Agbaje. "Bad-breath: Perceptions and misconceptions of Nigerian adults". Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 18, n.º 5 (2015): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1119-3077.158974.

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Travis, John. "Alcohol on Your Breath Need Not Be All Bad". Science News 160, n.º 12 (22 de septiembre de 2001): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4012669.

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Rosenberg, Mel. "Bad breath and periodontal disease: how related are they?" Journal of Clinical Periodontology 33, n.º 1 (enero de 2006): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00874.x.

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Panov, Vladimir. "Bad breath and its association with age and gender". Scripta Scientifica Medicinae Dentalis 2, n.º 2 (10 de noviembre de 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ssmd.v2i2.1821.

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