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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Balloon observations"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Maruca, Bennett A., Raffaele Marino, David Sundkvist, et al. "Overview of and first observations from the TILDAE High-Altitude Balloon Mission." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 4 (2017): 1595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-1595-2017.

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Abstract. Though the presence of intermittent turbulence in the stratosphere has been well established, much remains unknown about it. In situ observations of this phenomenon, which have provided the greatest details of it, have mostly been achieved via sounding balloons (i.e., small balloons which burst at peak altitude) carrying constant-temperature hot-wire anemometers (CTAs). The Turbulence and Intermittency Long-Duration Atmospheric Experiment (TILDAE) was developed to test a new paradigm for stratospheric observations. Rather than flying on a sounding balloon, TILDAE was incorporated as

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2

Dorf, M., H. Bösch, A. Butz, et al. "Balloon-borne stratospheric BrO measurements: comparison with Envisat/SCIAMACHY BrO limb profiles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 6 (2005): 13011–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-13011-2005.

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Abstract. For the first time, results of all four existing stratospheric BrO profiling instruments, are presented and compared with reference to the SLIMCAT 3-dimensional chemical transport model (3-D CTM). Model calculations are used to infer a BrO profile validation set, measured by 3 different balloon sensors, for the new Envisat/SCIAMACHY (ENVIronment SATellite/SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) satellite instrument. The balloon observations include (a) balloon-borne in situ resonance fluorescence detection of BrO, (b) balloon-borne solar occultation DOA

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3

Dorf, M., H. Bösch, A. Butz, et al. "Balloon-borne stratospheric BrO measurements: comparison with Envisat/SCIAMACHY BrO limb profiles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 9 (2006): 2483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2483-2006.

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Abstract. For the first time, results of four stratospheric BrO profiling instruments, are presented and compared with reference to the SLIMCAT 3-dimensional chemical transport model (3-D CTM). Model calculations are used to infer a BrO profile validation set, measured by 3 different balloon sensors, for the new Envisat/SCIAMACHY (ENVIronment SATellite/SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) satellite instrument. The balloon observations include (a) balloon-borne in situ resonance fluorescence detection of BrO (Triple), (b) balloon-borne solar occultation DOAS me

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4

Choi, Yonghan, Jong-Chul Ha, and Gyu-Ho Lim. "Investigation of the Effects of Considering Balloon Drift Information on Radiosonde Data Assimilation Using the Four-Dimensional Variational Method." Weather and Forecasting 30, no. 3 (2015): 809–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-14-00161.1.

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Abstract Effects of balloon drift information (i.e., position and elapsed ascent time of the balloon) on the assimilation of radiosonde observations are investigated by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and its data assimilation (WRFDA) system. Special radiosonde observations over the Korean Peninsula, which include the exact position and elapsed time of the balloon, are used instead of estimating the balloon drift information. To consider the balloon drift information appropriately, the four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR) and a high horizontal resolutio

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5

Davenhall, Clive. "Dr Katterfelto and the Prehistory of Astronomical Ballooning1." Culture and Cosmos 18, no. 1 (2014): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.0118.0209.

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Regular telescopic astronomical observations made from balloons began after World War II, though scientific, particularly meteorological, ballooning dates from the mid-nineteenth century. However, astronomical ballooning has a curious prehistory at the dawn of lighter-than-air travel in the 1780s. The self-styled Dr Katterfelto (c.1743?-99) was a German-born travelling showman, lecturer and considerable self-publicist who in 1784-85 claimed to have made important astronomical discoveries from observations made from a balloon. It is unlikely that he made any such observations, or, indeed, any b

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6

MANI, ANNA, K. R. SIVARAMAN, and S. P. VENKITESHWARAN. "Evidence of turbulence in the stratosphere." MAUSAM 10, no. 2 (2021): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v10i2.4047.

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Arnold (1954) has observed considerable turbulence in the stratosphere on four different occasions at Belmar, New Jersey, while tracking balloons with a telescope and a radio direction finder. The turbulence was so severe that the radiosonde separated from the balloon, though it was suspended with a cord with a nominal breaking strength of about 70 lbs. During three observations in June 1950, the instrument separated from the balloon at heights ranging from 28 to 32 km, while in the observation in October it separated at 24 km. He has estimated that a descending current of about 11 m. sec-1 co

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7

Hertzog, Albert, Philippe Cocquerez, René Guilbon, et al. "Stratéole/Vorcore—Long-duration, Superpressure Balloons to Study the Antarctic Lower Stratosphere during the 2005 Winter." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 12 (2007): 2048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jtecha948.1.

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Abstract In September and October 2005, the Stratéole/Vorcore campaign flew 27 superpressure balloons from McMurdo, Antarctica, into the stratospheric polar vortex. Long-duration flights were successfully achieved, 16 of those flights lasting for more than 2 months. Most flights were terminated because they flew out of the authorized flight domain or because of energy shortage in the gondola. The atmospheric pressure (1-Pa precision) was measured every minute during the flights, whereas air temperature observations (0.25-K accuracy) and balloon positions (absolute GPS observations, 10-m accura

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8

Hay, D., G. Ryan, M. Somasundaram, V. Yip, and L. Navaratne. "Laparoscopic management of a migrated intragastric balloon causing mechanical small bowel obstruction: a case report and review of the literature." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 101, no. 8 (2019): e172-e177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2019.0104.

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Intragastric balloons have been used as an invasive non-surgical treatment for obesity for over 30 years. Within the last 37 years, we have found only 27 cases reported in the literature of intestinal obstruction caused by a migrated intragastric balloon. We report the laparoscopic management of such a case and make observations from similar case presentations published in the literature. A 26-year-old woman had an intragastric balloon placed endoscopically for weight control 13 months previously. She presented to the emergency department with a four-day history of intermittent abdominal cramp

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9

Friedrich, Leon S., Adrian J. McDonald, Gregory E. Bodeker, Kathy E. Cooper, Jared Lewis, and Alexander J. Paterson. "A comparison of Loon balloon observations and stratospheric reanalysis products." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 2 (2017): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-855-2017.

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Abstract. Location information from long-duration super-pressure balloons flying in the Southern Hemisphere lower stratosphere during 2014 as part of X Project Loon are used to assess the quality of a number of different reanalyses including National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System version 2 (NCEP-CFSv2), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA-Interim), NASA Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), and the recently released MERRA version 2. Balloon GPS location information is used to derive wind speeds which are then

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10

Rokujo, Hiroki. "GRAINE project: precise gamma-ray observations with balloon-borne emulsion telescope." EPJ Web of Conferences 208 (2019): 14003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920814003.

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Observation of cosmic gamma rays is important in the understanding of high-energy objects or phenomena in the universe. Since 2008, the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi-LAT) has surveyed the sub-GeV/GeV gamma-ray sky and achieved high statistics measurements. However, observation at low galactic latitudes remains difficult owing to the lack of angular resolution, and new issues following the operation of Fermi-LAT have arisen. We devised a precise gamma-ray observation project, Gamma-Ray Astro-Imager with Nuclear Emulsion (GRAINE), using balloon-borne emu

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11

de Bruijn, Evert I. F., Fred C. Bosveld, Siebren de Haan, and Bert G. Heusinkveld. "Measuring Low-Altitude Winds with a Hot-Air Balloon and Their Validation with Cabauw Tower Observations." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 37, no. 2 (2020): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-19-0043.1.

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AbstractA field experiment with a hot-air balloon was conducted in the vicinity of the meteorological observatory of Cabauw in The Netherlands. Recreational hot-air balloon flights contain useful wind information in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). On a yearly basis between 8000 and 9000 flights are taking place in The Netherlands, mainly during the morning and evening transition. An application (app) for smartphones has been developed to collect location data. We report about a feasibility study of a hot-air balloon experiment where we investigated the accuracy of the smartphone’s Global

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12

Komatsu, Kensuke K., and Yoshihiro Tachibana. "Two Types of Strong Local Wind Captured by Simultaneous Multiple-Site Radiosonde Soundings across a Mountain Range." Monthly Weather Review 144, no. 10 (2016): 3915–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-15-0347.1.

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A radiosonde observation method is presented, consisting of simultaneous radiosonde observations at closely spaced multiple sites using balloons with varied buoyancies. This method was employed during a strong wind event (Suzuka-oroshi) on the lee side of the Suzuka mountain range, Japan, to derive the detailed structure of the wind as it crossed the mountains. Batches of six radiosondes were launched simultaneously from a line of four sites, using balloons with three different degrees of buoyancy. The four sites were 13 km apart along a 35-km-long transect roughly aligned with the prevailing

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13

de Bruijn, Evert I. F., Siebren de Haan, Fred C. Bosveld, Ben Wichers Schreur, and Albert A. M. Holtslag. "Observing Boundary-Layer Winds from Hot-Air Balloon Flights." Weather and Forecasting 31, no. 5 (2016): 1451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-16-0028.1.

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Abstract High-resolution upper-air wind observations are sparse, and additional observations are a welcome source of meteorological information. In this paper the potential of applying balloon flights for upper-air wind measurements is explored, and the meteorological content of this information is investigated. The displacement of a hot-air balloon is a measure for the wind speed and direction and thus a potential source for wind observations in the lower part of the troposphere. The response time of the balloon on the changing wind is fast in the beginning and levels off for smaller relative

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14

Agrawal, P. C. "Space Astronomy in India." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 9, no. 2 (1991): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000023936.

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AbstractAstronomical observations from space-borne instruments are carried out in India in the areas of infrared, X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy. This paper briefly describes the facilities available in India for conducting experiments in space astronomy using balloons, rockets and satellites. It briefly reviews the important results obtained by Indian astronomers from observations made in India with the balloon, rocket and satellite experiments. The present status of research in different disciplines of space astronomy is discussed.

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15

Rao, P. Syamasundar. "Balloon Dilatation in the Management of Congenital Obstructive Lesions of the Heart: Review of Author’s Experiences and Observations—Part II." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 10, no. 7 (2023): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070288.

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While investigating the outcomes of balloon dilatation procedures in patients with congenital obstructive lesions of the heart, several parallel observations were made. The purpose of this review is to present these observations/phenomena/innovations related to balloon dilatation of pulmonary stenosis (PS), aortic stenosis (AS), and aortic coarctation (AC). In subjects who had balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV), development of infundibular obstruction, electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, changes in right ventricular filling, role of balloon/annulus ratios on the results of BPV, and double b

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16

Hoffmann, Lars, Albert Hertzog, Thomas Rößler, Olaf Stein, and Xue Wu. "Intercomparison of meteorological analyses and trajectories in the Antarctic lower stratosphere with Concordiasi superpressure balloon observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 13 (2017): 8045–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8045-2017.

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Abstract. In this study we compared temperatures and horizontal winds of meteorological analyses in the Antarctic lower stratosphere, a region of the atmosphere that is of major interest regarding chemistry and dynamics of the polar vortex. The study covers the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analysis, the ERA-Interim reanalysis, the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 1 and 2 (MERRA and MERRA-2), and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis. T

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17

Anisimov, S. V., K. V. Aphinogenov, and A. V. Guriev. "HARDWARE PLATFORM FOR BALLOON AEROELECTRICAL OBSERVATIONS." NAUCHNOE PRIBOROSTROENIE 27, no. 1 (2017): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18358/np-27-1-i2428.

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18

Rand, J. L., and M. L. Phillips. "A superpressure balloon for Mars observations." Advances in Space Research 30, no. 5 (2002): 1245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(02)00538-0.

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19

Kotlarz, Jan, and Natalia Zalewska. "The Possibility of Ultraviolet Enceladus’ Observations from Stratospheric Balloons." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2019, no. 1 (2019): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2019-0002.

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Abstract Stratospheric balloons are very important sources for space and terrestrial observation experiments in many disciplines. Instruments developed for astrophysical measurements are usually reusable. It is also possible to observe both hemispheres including observations from the polar and equatorial regions for thirty days or even longer. On the other hand the UV atmospheric transmittance window was used for the astrophysical observations less often than visible optical bands. At the end of the 2017 there are a few scientific groups working on near-UV or UV spectrographs and cameras for b

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20

Zhang, Min, Pengfei Tian, Huiyu Zeng, et al. "A Comparison of Wintertime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Heights Determined by Tethered Balloon Soundings and Lidar at the Site of SACOL." Remote Sensing 13, no. 9 (2021): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13091781.

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High-precision and -resolution atmospheric boundary layer height (BLH) has received increasing attention in air pollution research in recent years. The low time resolution of sounding data is the main challenge to validate BLH retrieval from lidar observations. To resolve this issue, we conducted simultaneous tethered balloon sounding and lidar observations at the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) during winter 2019–2020. The BLHs derived from the tethered balloon sounding data were 170, 210, 393, 676, 423, and 190 m at 02:00, 08:00, 11:00, 14:00, 17:0

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21

Markowski, Paul M., Yvette P. Richardson, Scott J. Richardson, and Anders Petersson. "Aboveground Thermodynamic Observations in Convective Storms from Balloonborne Probes Acting as Pseudo-Lagrangian Drifters." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 4 (2018): 711–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0204.1.

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AbstractThe severe storms research community lacks reliable, aboveground, thermodynamic observations (e.g., temperature, humidity, and pressure) in convective storms. These missing observations are crucial to understanding the behavior of both supercell storms (e.g., the generation, reorientation, and amplification of vorticity necessary for tornado formation) and larger-scale (mesoscale) convective systems (e.g., storm maintenance and the generation of damaging straight-line winds). This paper describes a novel way to use balloonborne probes to obtain aboveground thermodynamic observations. E

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22

Engel, Andreas, Harald Bönisch, Markus Ullrich, et al. "Mean age of stratospheric air derived from AirCore observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 11 (2017): 6825–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6825-2017.

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Abstract. Mean age of stratospheric air can be derived from observations of sufficiently long-lived trace gases with approximately linear trends in the troposphere. Mean age can serve as a tracer to investigate stratospheric transport and long-term changes in the strength of the overturning Brewer–Dobson circulation of the stratosphere. For this purpose, a low-cost method is required in order to allow for regular observations up to altitudes of about 30 km. Despite the desired low costs, high precision and accuracy are required in order to determine mean age. We present balloon-borne AirCore o

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23

Fishman, G. J. "GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: A PERSONAL VIEW." Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica Serie de Conferencias 53 (September 1, 2021): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ia.14052059p.2021.53.21.

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The first observations in gamma-ray astronomy were made in the late 1960's, primarily by balloon-borne observations. In the early 1970's, gamma-ray bursts were discovered, completely by accident, by satellites looking for man-made nuclear explosions in space. The celestial nature of these events were soon confirmed by other satellites. The first large detector system designed for cosmic gamma-ray bursts observations was the BATSE instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. Some of the details of the instrumentation onboard ballons and satellites and the gamma-ray bursts observational prop

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24

Hole, Lars R., Alexis Pérez Bello, Tjarda J. Roberts, Paul B. Voss, and Timo Vihma. "Measurements by controlled meteorological balloons in coastal areas of Antarctica." Antarctic Science 28, no. 5 (2016): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102016000213.

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AbstractAn experiment applying controlled meteorological (CMET) balloons near the coast of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, in January 2013 is described. Two balloons were airborne for 60 and 106 hours with trajectory lengths of 885.8 km and 2367.4 km, respectively. The balloons carried out multiple controlled soundings on the atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity up to 3.3 km. Wind speed and direction were derived from the balloon drift. Observations were compared with radiosonde sounding profiles from the Halley Research Station, and applied in evaluating simulations carried out with

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25

Ma, Y. Q., G. H. Li, C. M. Zhang, et al. "A Hard X-ray Observation of CYG X-1 in 1985." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 125 (1987): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900160759.

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On September 22, 1985, a hard X-ray observation of Cyg X-1 was performed by using a balloon-borne CsI-NaI phoswich telescope HAPI-2 at Xianghe Balloon Facility in China. The main detector is CsI(T1) with a thickness of 0.4cm and an area of 140cm2. The energy range is 20–200KeV. The telescope reached a float altitude of about 38Km(4g/cm2). The photon's arrival time and energy loss spectrum were measured for both background and active tracking on-source observations.

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26

Businger, S., R. Johnson, and R. Talbot. "Scientific Insights from Four Generations of Lagrangian Smart Balloons in Atmospheric Research*." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 87, no. 11 (2006): 1539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-87-11-1539.

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This paper provides an overview of the trials and successes in the development of an autonomous balloon instrument platform (smart balloon) and reviews scientific insights gained through its employment as a marker in a Lagrangian strategy during recent field experiments. The smart balloons are designed and constructed at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Air Resources Laboratory Field Research Division in collaboration with the University of Hawaii. In a 2004 field deployment a smart balloon carrying a miniature ozone sensor successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean from Long I

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27

Sen, B., G. C. Toon, J. F. Blavier, E. L. Fleming, and C. H. Jackman. "Balloon-borne observations of midlatitude fluorine abundance." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101, no. D4 (1996): 9045–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96jd00227.

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28

Coy, L., M. R. Schoeberl, S. Pawson, S. Candido, and R. W. Carver. "Global Assimilation of Loon Stratospheric Balloon Observations." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124, no. 6 (2019): 3005–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029673.

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29

Quintero Noda, C., G. L. Villanueva, Y. Katsukawa, et al. "Solar polarimetry in the K I D2 line : A novel possibility for a stratospheric balloon." Astronomy & Astrophysics 610 (February 2018): A79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732111.

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Of the two solar lines, K I D1 and D2, almost all attention so far has been devoted to the D1 line, as D2 is severely affected by an O2 atmospheric band. This, however, makes the latter appealing for balloon and space observations from above (most of) the Earth’s atmosphere. We estimate the residual effect of the O2 band on the K I D2 line at altitudes typical for stratospheric balloons. Our aim is to study the feasibility of observing the 770 nm window. Specifically, this paper serves as a preparation for the third flight of the Sunrise balloon-borne observatory. The results indicate that the

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30

Kezoudi, Maria, Matthias Tesche, Helen Smith, et al. "Measurement report: Balloon-borne in situ profiling of Saharan dust over Cyprus with the UCASS optical particle counter." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 9 (2021): 6781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6781-2021.

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Abstract. This paper presents measurements of mineral dust concentration in the diameter range from 0.4 to 14.0 µm with a novel balloon-borne optical particle counter, the Universal Cloud and Aerosol Sounding System (UCASS). The balloon launches were coordinated with ground-based active and passive remote-sensing observations and airborne in situ measurements with a research aircraft during a Saharan dust outbreak over Cyprus from 20 to 23 April 2017. The aerosol optical depth at 500 nm reached values up to 0.5 during that event over Cyprus, and particle number concentrations were as high as 5

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31

Hertzog, Albert, Gillian Boccara, Robert A. Vincent, François Vial, and Philippe Cocquerez. "Estimation of Gravity Wave Momentum Flux and Phase Speeds from Quasi-Lagrangian Stratospheric Balloon Flights. Part II: Results from the Vorcore Campaign in Antarctica." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 10 (2008): 3056–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2710.1.

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The stratospheric gravity wave field in the Southern Hemisphere is investigated by analyzing observations collected by 27 long-duration balloons that flew between September 2005 and February 2006 over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. The analysis is based on the methods introduced by Boccara et al. in a companion paper. Special attention is given to deriving information useful to gravity wave drag parameterizations employed in atmospheric general circulation models. The balloon dataset is used to map the geographic variability of gravity wave momentum fluxes in the lower stratosphere. This f

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32

Chambers, Thomas Edward, Iain Murray Reid, and Murray Hamilton. "A lightweight holographic imager for cloud microphysical studies from an untethered balloon." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 17, no. 10 (2024): 3237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3237-2024.

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Abstract. We describe the construction and testing of an in situ cloud particle imager based on digital holography. The instrument was designed to be low cost and lightweight for vertical profiling of clouds with an untethered weather balloon. This capability is intended to address the lack of in situ cloud microphysical observations that are required for improving the understanding of cloud processes, calibration of climate and weather models, and validation of remote sensing observation methods. From a balloon sounding through multiple bands of cloud, we show that we can retrieve shape infor

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33

Rao, P. Syamasundar. "Pictorial rendition of author’s observations on balloon valvuloplasty/angioplasty procedures: Pulmonary stenosis." Brain & Heart 2, no. 1 (2024): 2406. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/bh.2406.

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Balloon valvuloplasty/angioplasty techniques have been available to address valvar and vascular obstructions associated with congenital heart defects (CHDs) since the 1980s. The objective of this paper is to provide a pictorial rendition of the author&rsquo;s observations over the last four decades on these techniques. In this paper, balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) for treating isolated pulmonary stenosis (PS), PS associated with cyanotic CHDs, and bioprosthetic valve in the pulmonary position were reviewed. Balloon dilatation leads to a decrease in the peak systolic pressure gradien

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34

Tilmes, S., R. Müller, R. J. Salawitch, et al. "Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic winter 1991–1992." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 4 (2007): 10097–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-10097-2007.

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Abstract. Chemical ozone loss in winter 1991–1992 is recalculated based on observations of the HALOE satellite instrument, ER-2 aircraft measurements and balloon data. HALOE satellite observations are shown to be reliable in the lower stratosphere below 400 K, at altitudes where profiles are most likely disturbed by the enhanced sulfate aerosols, as a result of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption in June 1991. Very large chemical ozone loss was observed below 400 K from Kiruna balloon observations between December and March 1992. Additionally, for the two winters after the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, HALOE s

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35

Voggenberger, Ulrich, Leopold Haimberger, Federico Ambrogi, and Paul Poli. "Balloon drift estimation and improved position estimates for radiosondes." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 9 (2024): 3783–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3783-2024.

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Abstract. When comparing model output with historical radiosonde observations, it is usually assumed that a radiosonde has risen exactly above its starting point and has not been displaced by wind. This changed only relatively recently with the availability of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers aboard radiosondes in the late 1990s, but even then the balloon trajectory data were often not transmitted, although this information was the basis for estimating the wind in the first place. Depending on the conditions and time of year, radiosondes can sometimes drift a few hundred kil

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36

Tilmes, S., R. Müller, R. J. Salawitch, et al. "Chemical ozone loss in the Arctic winter 1991–1992." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 7 (2008): 1897–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1897-2008.

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Abstract. Chemical ozone loss in winter 1991–1992 is recalculated based on observations of the HALOE satellite instrument, Version 19, ER-2 aircraft measurements and balloon data. HALOE satellite observations are shown to be reliable in the lower stratosphere below 400 K, at altitudes where the measurements are most likely disturbed by the enhanced sulfate aerosol loading, as a result of the Mt.~Pinatubo eruption in June 1991. Significant chemical ozone loss (13–17 DU) is observed below 380 K from Kiruna balloon observations and HALOE satellite data between December 1991 and March 1992. For th

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Nishimura, Rick A., David R. Holmes, Guy S. Reeder, A. Jamil Tajik, and Liv K. Hatle. "Doppler echocardiographic observations during percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 11, no. 6 (1988): 1219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(88)90285-9.

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Sen, B., G. C. Toon, J. F. Blavier, J. T. Szeto, E. L. Fleming, and C. H. Jackman. "Balloon-borne observations of mid-latitude hydrofluoric acid." Geophysical Research Letters 22, no. 7 (1995): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95gl00006.

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39

Deuzé, J. L., C. Devaux, M. Herman, et al. "Photopolarimetric observations of aerosols and clouds from balloon." Remote Sensing of Environment 29, no. 2 (1989): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(89)90019-9.

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40

Bolton, P., and C. J. P. Cave. "Computation of wind velocity from pilot balloon observations." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 44, no. 185 (2007): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49704418506.

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41

Mironova, Irina, Galina Bazilevskaya, Vladimir Makhmutov, Andrey Mironov, and Nikita Bobrov. "Energetic Electron Precipitation via Satellite and Balloon Observations: Their Role in Atmospheric Ionization." Remote Sensing 15, no. 13 (2023): 3291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15133291.

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Information about the energetic electron precipitation (EEP) from the radiation belt into the atmosphere is important for assessing the ozone variability and dynamics of the middle atmosphere during magnetospheric and geomagnetic disturbances. The accurate values of energetic electron fluxes depending on their energy range are one of the most important problems for calculating atmospheric ionization rates, which, in turn, are taken into account for estimating ozone depletion in chemistry–climate models. Despite the importance of these processes for the high latitudes of middle atmosphere, prec

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42

Hooghiem, Joram J. D., Maria Elena Popa, Thomas Röckmann, et al. "Wildfire smoke in the lower stratosphere identified by in situ CO observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 22 (2020): 13985–4003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13985-2020.

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Abstract. Wildfires emit large quantities of aerosols and trace gases, which occasionally reach the lower stratosphere. In August 2017, several pyro-cumulonimbus events injected a large amount of smoke into the stratosphere, observed by lidar and satellites. Satellite observations are in general the main method of detecting these events since in situ aircraft- or balloon-based measurements of atmospheric composition at higher altitudes are not made frequently enough. This work presents accidental balloon-borne trace gas observations of wildfire smoke in the lower stratosphere, identified by en

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43

Hasebe, F., S. Aoki, S. Morimoto, et al. "Coordinated Upper-Troposphere-to-Stratosphere Balloon Experiment in Biak." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 6 (2018): 1213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-16-0289.1.

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AbstractThe stratospheric response to climate forcing, such as an increase in greenhouse gases, is often unpredictable because of interactions between radiation, dynamics, and chemistry. Climate models are unsuccessful in simulating the realistic distribution of stratospheric water vapor. The long-term trend of the stratospheric age of air (AoA), a measure that characterizes the stratospheric turnover time, remains inconsistent between diagnoses in climate models and estimates from tracer observations. For these reasons, observations designed specifically to distinguish the effects of individu

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44

Park, Jongyeob, Jae-Ok Lee, Jihun Kim, et al. "Application of NASA core Flight System to Telescope Control Software for 2017 Total Solar Eclipse Observation." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1033 (2022): 034504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac5848.

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Abstract The core Flight System (cFS), developed by NASA, is a reusable software framework and a set of pluggable software applications that take advantage of the rich heritage of NASA’s successful space missions. We applied the cFS to the development of telescope control software for the observation of the 2017 total solar eclipse. Four main modules were developed: imaging control, mechanism control, data handling, and automated observation. Other modules, such as communication and scheduler, were reused from the cFS. Using an integrated observation system, we successfully observed the total

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45

Nash, J. "Upper wind observing systems used for meteorological operations." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 8 (1994): 691–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0691-2.

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Abstract. Methods of upper wind measurements used in operational meteorology have been reviewed to provide guidance to those developing wind profiler radar systems. The main limitations of the various methods of tracking weather balloons are identified using results from the WMO radiosonde comparisons and additional tests in the United Kingdom. Costs associated with operational balloon measurements are reviewed. The sampling and quality of operational aircraft wind observations are illustrated with examples from the ASDAR system. Measurement errors in horizontal winds are quantified wherever p

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46

Herdies, Dirceu L., Vernon E. Kousky, and Wesley Ebisuzaki. "The Impact of High-Resolution SALLJEX Data on Global NCEP Analyses." Journal of Climate 20, no. 23 (2007): 5765–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1375.1.

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Abstract A data assimilation study was performed to assess the impact of observations from the South American Low-Level Jet Experiment (SALLJEX) on analyses in the region east of the Andes Mountains from western Brazil to central Argentina. The Climate Data Assimilation Systems (CDAS)-1 and -2 and the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) were run with and without the additional SALLJEX rawinsondes and pilot balloon observations. The experiments for each data assimilation system revealed similar features, with a stronger low-level flow east of the Andes when SALLJEX data were included. GDAS h

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47

TAMAI, Masahiro, and Jin TORIYAMA. "Field Observations of Nocturnal Drainages in the Northern Osaka Plain by Pilot Balloon Observation." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research) 69, no. 7 (2013): III_205—III_213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejer.69.iii_205.

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48

Hang, Heng-Rong, Zhi-Yun Zang, Shan-Zhao Liu, et al. "Balloon X-ray Astronomical Observations: a China-Japan Collaborative Transoceanic Flight." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 9, no. 1 (1991): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132335800002511x.

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49

Katz, Edward S., Paul A. Tunick, and Itzhak Kronzon. "Observations of coronary flow augmentation and balloon function during intraaortic balloon counterpulsation using transesophageal echocardiography." American Journal of Cardiology 69, no. 19 (1992): 1635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(92)90716-c.

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50

Gaunt, Elizabeth Ann, and Roland Fernandes. "Dysphagia due to spontaneous hyperinflation of a swallowable intragastric balloon." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 6 (2021): e240669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-240669.

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A 49-year-old woman presented as an acute admission with persistent vomiting and an inability to tolerate both solids and liquids. Five weeks prior to the admission she had an Elipse swallowable intragastric balloon placed into her stomach as an aid to weight loss. This type of balloon stays inflated inside the stomach for 16 weeks before disintegrating and passing through the gastrointestinal tract. Observations and blood parameters were unremarkable but abdominal radiograph indicated that the balloon had undergone spontaneous hyperinflation—a rare complication. At gastroscopy, the balloon wa

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