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1
Cannan, Susan. "Microelectrode methods for bioanalytical and biophysical applications". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397013.
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Brown, Stacy D. y Tyler C. Melton. "Trends in Bioanalytical Methods for Club Drugs: 2000-2010". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1549.
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The term 'club drug' can be loosely defined as any substance used to enhance social settings. Such drugs are commonly found at raves or similar all-night dance parties and include methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), ketamine (KET), and flunitrazepam (FLU). These drugs have potentially dangerous side effects including hallucinations, paranoia, amnesia and hyperthermia. In addition, GHB, KET and FLU are considered predatory drugs due to their roles in drug-facilitated sexual assault. Forensic and regulatory agencies routinely have the need for determination and accurate quantification of these drugs in biological fluids, especially in cases of mortality or criminal investigations. This review presents the chromatographic and spectroscopic methods published for such analyses over the last decade, including sample preparation techniques and validation data.
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Pihlblad, Alma. "Development and comparison of bioanalytical methods to measure free analyte". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413669.
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Free analyte is measured to be able to understand the pharmacological effects of a drug in the body, the binding to its ligand, and the effective drug level among other things. Thereby, it is important with correct measurements of free analyte, although it is not that easy to achieve since overestimations can occur. In this project, several immunoassays were developed for the bioanalytical methods Gyrolab and ELISA to measure free analyte, where the biotherapeutics Avastin® and Lucentis®, and the ligand VEGF were used as analytes. One difference between the methods is the short contact time of just a few seconds for Gyrolab compared to the sample incubation time of a couple of hours for ELISA. One difference between the antibodies is that Lucentis is an affinity-matured Fab region, and therefore, has a stronger affinity to VEGF compared to Avastin. When free Avastin was measured, the difference was significant, with ELISA estimating higher concentrations compared to Gyrolab. However, this was not the case for all assays. In some cases, this was probably due to differences between the methods that could not be seen. Otherwise, the results with no difference between the methods, when measuring free analyte with Lucentis as the drug, were expected due to the stronger affinity and longer halftime of dissociation. However, the difference with the longer sample incubation time for ELISA compared to the short contact time for Gyrolab seems to influence the measurement of free analyte, depending on the affinity of the components being measured.
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Cai, Xiaohan. "¿¿¿¿¿¿Development of Bioanalytical Methods for Clinical Applications and Drug Screening". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1314982525.
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Kunati, Sandeep Reddy. "DEVELOPMENT OF BIOANALYTICAL METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ANTICANCER AGENTS". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1523439107242919.
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Deupree, Susan M. Schoenfisch Mark H. "Bioanalytical methods for investigating bacterial adhesion and the antibacterial action of nitric oxide". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2314.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry Biological Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.
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Feng, Ye. "DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTITATIVE BIOANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ANTI-CANCER DRUGS". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1392249778.
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Römsing, Susanne. "Development and Validation of Bioanalytical Methods : Application to Melatonin and Selected Anti-Infective Drugs". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-131519.
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This thesis describes bioanalytical methods for measuring melatonin and some anti-infective drugs in biological fluids. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) or protein precipitation was used for enrichment and purification of the analytes and Liquid Chromatography (LC) was used to analyze the samples. Developed methods were validated according to international guidelines. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland with a robust circadian rhythm. Bioanalytical methods for determination of melatonin in plasma and saliva have been developed which were used for monitoring melatonin levels in volunteers and patients suffering from sleep related diseases. Eflornithine (DFMO) is a chiral drug used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. A bioanalytical method for determination of the DFMO enantiomers in plasma, after precolumn derivatization with o-phtalaldehyde and N-acetyl-L-cystein has been developed. The method has been used to study the L- and D-DFMO pharmacokinetics, in order to investigate the possible development of an oral treatment of DFMO. A method for simultaneous determination of three antiretroviral drugs i.e. Lamivudine (3TC), Zidovudine (AZT) and Nevirapine (NVP) in dried blood spots (DBS) was developed. The method was used for drug determination in two subjects after receiving standard antiretroviral treatment. The method seemed well suitable for the determination of 3TC and NVP and in some extent for AZT. Lumefantrine (LF) is one of the active components in a new fixed drug combination recommended by the WHO as a replacement to older drugs that has lost their effect. A method for the determination of LF in DBS was developed. The method is suitable for monitoring of drug treatment in rural settings. Tafenoquine is a new promising antimalarial drug under development. A method for the determination of Tafenoquine in plasma and in DBS is described. The method may be useful in future clinical studies in laboratory environment as well as in rural settings.Felaktigt tryckt som Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 703
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Atherton, Adrian Ashley. "Nonlinear wave-mixing spectroscopic methods for bioanalytical and biophysical applications with sensitive detection at the single cell level". Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3230037.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed November 17, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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McCulloch, Melissa. "Development of Quantitative Bioanalytical Methods for the Measurement of Pharmaceutical Compounds via HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1255046678.
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Charkiewicz, Elzbieta [Verfasser]. "Identification of antioxidant active trace element proteins in animal cells and human cell lines using bioanalytical methods / Elzbieta Charkiewicz". Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028496818/34.
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Feuerstein, Delphine. "Development and use of bioanalytical instrumentation and signal analysis methods for rapid sampling microdialysis monitoring of neuro-intensive care patients". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5649.
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This thesis focuses on the development and use of analysis tools to monitor brain injury patients. For this purpose, an online amperometric analyzer of cerebral microdialysis samples for glucose and lactate has been developed and optimized within the Boutelle group. The initial aim of this thesis was to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and limit of detection of the assay to allow reliable quantification of the analytical data. The first approach was to re-design the electronic instrumentation of the assay. Printed-circuit boards were fabricated and proved very low noise, stable and much smaller than the previous potentiostats. The second approach was to develop generic data processing algorithms to remove three complex types of noise that commonly contaminate analytical signals: spikes, non-stationary ripples and baseline drift. The general strategy consisted in identifying the types of noise, characterising them, and subsequently subtracting them from the otherwise unprocessed data set. Spikes were effectively removed with 96.8% success and ripples were removed with minimal distortion of the signal resulting in an increased signal-to-noise ratio by up to 250%. This allowed reliable quantification of traces from ten patients monitored with the online microdialysis assay. Ninety-six spontaneous metabolic events in response to spreading depolarizations were resolved. These were characterized by a fall in glucose by -32.0 μM and a rise in lactate by +23.1 μM (median values) for over a 20-minute time-period. With frequently repeating events, this led to a progressive depletion of brain glucose. Finally, to improve the temporal coupling between the metabolic data and the electro-cortical signals, a flow-cell was engineered to integrate a potassium selective electrode into the microdialysate flow stream. With good stability over hours of continuous use and a 90% response time of 65 seconds, this flow cell was used for preliminary in vivo experiments the Max Planck Institute in Cologne.
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Noreen, Razia. "FTIR imaging of collagens in gliomas". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14316/document.
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Le gliome est le type le plus agressif et mortel de tumeur cérébrale. Ces tumeurs se caractérisent par la présence conjointe de phénotypes solides (de bas grade, moins invasif, hautement vascularisé) et diffus (haut grade, très envahissant et diffus) des glioblastomes multiformes. Les collagènes sont des composants majeurs de la MEC des cellules tumorales des gliomes, et sont également présents dans la membrane basale des vaisseaux sanguins, mais avec une composition différente entre vasculatures saine et tumorale. L'abondance et la typologie des collagènes dans la MEC des cellules tumorales et la vasculature représentent donc un marqueur potentiel de diagnostic pour la gradation des tumeurs gliales. Nous avons développé la spectro-imagerie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier pour déterminer les modifications morphologiques et moléculaires apparaissant dans les formes solides et diffuses de gliomes, ainsi que dans les vasculatures saine et tumorale. Nous avons d'abord mis en évidence les vasculatures saine et tumorale en utilisant des nanoparticules injectées dans le système sanguin. Ensuite, nous avons appliqué des méthodes de reconstruction spectrale pour distinguer les tissus sains vs. ceux des formes solide et diffuse de tumeurs sur la base de leurs contenus en collagène de la MEC. Enfin, nous avons déterminé les changements de types du collagène au cours de la progression tumorale, validant ainsi la notion que l’analyse de ces contenus est potentiellement un marqueur diagnostic pour la gradation des gliomesThe glioma is the most aggressive and lethal type of brain tumor. Such tumor is characterized both by solid (low grade, less invasive, highly vascularized) and diffuse (high grade, very invasive and diffuse) phenotypes in high-grades. Collagens are major components of ECM in glioma tumor cells, and are also present in basement membrane of blood vessels in vasculature, but with different composition between healthy and tumor capillaries. The abundance and typology of collagens in tumor cell ECM and vasculature is thus a potential diagnostic marker for grading glioma tumors. We developed Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectro-imaging as a functional technique to determine the morphological and molecular changes occurring in solid and diffuse form of tumor tissues as well as in healthy and tumor vasculatures. We first highlighted healthy and tumor vasculatures using nanoparticles injected in blood system. Then, we applied curve-fitting methods to distinguish between healthy tissue vs. solid and diffuse tumor tissues on the basis of the collagen contents found in ECM. Finally, we determined collagen typology changes during tumor progression, thus validating that collagen contents analysis is potentially a diagnostic marker for glioma grading
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Hassan, Rabeay Younes Abdelfattah [Verfasser] y Ursula [Akademischer Betreuer] Bilitewski. "Bioanalytical Studies on the Effects of Chemical Compounds on the Respiratory Chain of Candida albicans focusing on Electrochemical Methods / Rabeay Younes Abdelfattah Hassan ; Betreuer: Ursula Bilitewski". Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2011. http://d-nb.info/117582528X/34.
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Wang, Bo. "Novel statistical methods for evaluation of metabolic biomarkers applied to human cancer cell lines". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1399046331.
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Zhou, Mowei. "Incorporation of Surface Induced Dissociation into a Commercial Ion Mobility - Tandem Mass Spectrometer and Application of Mass Spectrometry Methods for Structural Analysis of Non-covalent Protein Complexes". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1373977026.
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Malm, Mikaela. "Drug Analysis : Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8547.
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This thesis describes bioanalytical methods for drug determination in biological matrixes, with drugs in focus used against diseases largely affecting low-income countries. Solid-phase extraction is used for sample cleanup, and processed samples are analyzed by liquid chromatography. Developed bioanalytical methods are validated according to international guidelines. Eflornithine (DFMO) is a chiral drug, used for treating human African trypanosomiasis. A bioanalytical method for determination of DFMO enantiomers in plasma is presented. The enantiomers are detected by evaporative light-scattering detection. The method has been applied to determination of D-DFMO and L-DFMO in rats, after intravenous and oral administration of racemic DFMO. It is concluded that DFMO exhibits enantioselective absorption, with the more potent enantiomer L-DFMO being less favored. Sulfadoxine (SD) and sulfamethoxazole (SM) are sulfa-drugs used for malaria and pneumonia respectively. Two methods are described for simultaneous determination of SD and SM in capillary blood sampled on filter paper. The former method allows direct injection of extracts from dried blood spots (DBS), while for the latter method solid-phase extraction is added. Pre-analytical factors contributing to measurement uncertainty is also discussed, and it is concluded that it is of high importance that homogeneity in type of sampling paper and sampling volume is assured. Piperaquine (PQ) is an antimalarial, increasingly used in artemisinin combination therapy. A method for determination of piperaquine in DBS is presented. By using a monolithic LC column, a very short LC analysis of two minutes per sample is achieved. A method for simultaneous determination of three antiretroviral drugs i.e. lamivudine (3TC), zidovudine (AZT) and nevirapine (NVP), in DBS samples is described. The method is applied to drug determination in two subjects after receiving standard antiretroviral treatment. Conclusion is that the method is suitable for determination of 3TC and NVP, and to some extent for AZT.
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Medeiros, Francinalva Dantas de. "Investigação da influência da velocidade de liberação do fármaco metoprolol a partir da forma farmacêutica sobre seu processo de absorção e de seus enantiômeros". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-04042014-113927/.
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A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) não exige a realização de ensaios de bioequivalência utilizando métodos enantiosseletivos de quantificação de fármacos para o registro de medicamentos genéricos ou similares contendo fármacos racêmicos. Porém, existe a possibilidade das diferenças de concentrações plasmáticas dos enantiômeros entre o medicamento referência e os genéricos e/ou similares comercializados no Brasil serem maiores que as estabelecidas pelos limites de bioequivalência. Esse estudo teve a finalidade de investigar a influência da velocidade de liberação do fármaco metoprolol, a partir da forma farmacêutica, sobre o processo de absorção do fármaco total e de seus enantiômeros por meio da avaliação das concentrações plasmáticas de metoprolol total, (S)-metoprolol e (R)-metoprolol, e da relação entre as concentrações dos enantiômeros (S/R) após a administração oral de medicamentos contendo mistura racêmica deste fármaco. Para isso, foi realizado ensaio de biodisponibilidade in vivo, em um grupo de 20 voluntários saudáveis, de acordo com procedimentos éticos estabelecidos internacionalmente. Foram empregados três esquemas de administração do metoprolol, com a finalidade de simular diferentes velocidades de liberação do fármaco a partir da forma farmacêutica, na Fase 1 foi administrado uma dose única de 100 mg de metoprolol em solução, na Fase 2 e Fase 3 essa mesma dose foi particionada em duas e cinco administrações, respectivamente, com intervalo de 30 minutos entre elas. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue, e estas foram analisadas utilizando método convencional e método quiral para quantificação do metoprolol total e seus enantiômeros, respectivamente, utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, com detector de fluorescência. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos de ASC0-t, Cmáx e Tmáx foram utilizados para comparação entre as três velocidades de liberação do fármaco a partir da forma farmacêutica. A análise farmacocinética para o fámaco (R,S) metoprolol e seus enantiômeros e a comparação entre seus parâmetros farmacocinéticos obtidos após administração oral do metoprolol, indicam uma cinética enantioseletiva para o metoprolol, que pode ter ocorrido devido a uma biotransformação pré-sistêmica dose-dependente, ou a uma inibição do metabolismo do (S)-metoprolol pela forma (R)-metoprolol.ANVISA, brazilian regulatory agency for drug products, does not require the use of enantioselective bioanalytical methods in bioequivalence assays of generic and similar drug products containing racemic drugs. Therefore, it is possible that two formulations are bioequivalent based on plasmatic concentration of total drug, but are not bioequivalent on the basis of the comparison of the data of the stereoisomers. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the release rate of metoprolol from the dosage form on its absorption process and on its enantiomers\' absorption process by measuring plasmatic concentrations of total metoprolol, (S)-metoprolol and (R)-metoprolol after oral administration of drug products containing racemic metoprolol. An in vivo bioavailability study was conducted in a group of 20 healthy volunteers, according to national and international guidelines for biomedical research, in which the administration rate of metoprolol was varied. In Phase 1 a single dose of 100 mg metoprolol was administered in solution, in Phase 2 and Phase 3 the same dose was partitioned into two and five administrations, respectively, with an interval of 30 minutes between them. Blood samples were collected, and these were analyzed using the conventional method and chiral method for quantification of (R,S)-metoprolol and for its enantiomers, using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The pharmacokinetic parameters AUC0-t, Cmax and Tmax were used for comparisons between three different drug release rates. Pharmacokinetic analysis for (R, S) metoprolol and its enantiomers and comparison of their pharmacokinetic parameters obtained after oral administration of metoprolol, to indicate an enantioselective kinetic, which may be due to a biotransformation pre-systemic dose dependent or the inhibition of metabolism of the (S)-form for metoprolol (R)-metoprolol.
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Carmical, Jennifer y Stacy D. Brown. "The Impact of Phospholipids and Phospholipid Removal on Bioanalytical Method Performance". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3686.
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Phospholipids (PLs) are a component of cell membranes, biological fluids and tissues. These compounds are problematic for the bioanalytical chemist, especially when PLs are not the analytes of interest. PL interference with bioanalysis highly impacts reverse-phase chromatographic methods coupled with mass spectrometric detection. Phospholipids are strongly retained on hydrophobic columns, and can cause significant ionization suppression in the mass spectrometer, as they out-compete analyte molecules for ionization. Strategies for improving analyte detection in the presence of PLs are reviewed, including in-analysis modifications and sample preparation strategies. Removal of interfering PLs prior to analysis seems to be most effective at moderating the matrix effects from these endogenous cellular components, and has the potential to simplify chromatography and improve column lifetime. Products targeted at PL removal for sample pre-treatment, as well as products that combine multiple modes of sample preparation (i.e. Hybrid SPE), show significant promise in mediating the effect on PL interference in bioanalysis.
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Yao, Seydou. "Imagerie IRTF de haute résolution des interactions cellules-fibres pour l'étude des effets pathogènes des amiantes". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14611/document.
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Les maladies pulmonaires tel que l’amiantose ou le mésotheliome proviennent de l‘interaction entre les fibres d’amiantes et les cellules humaines. L’hétérogénéité morphologique et chimique des fibres nous oblige à disposer de moyens analytique capable d’analyser l’interaction organique – inorganique. Nos travaux ont pour but de développer une méthodologie d'imagerie infrarouge couplé avec le rayonnement synchrotron. Grâce à cette technique, nous pourrons analyser les effets des fibres d'amiantes sur une cellule unique. La méthodologie a été testée sur des cellules cultivées directement sur des substrats transparents à l'infrarouge. Les expériences réalisées ont été étendu à l'imagerie Raman in vitro de cellule individuelle vivante en interaction avec différents types de fibres afin de mieux évaluer l'effet pathogène de celle ci sur les cellules pulmonaireLung disease as asbestosis and mesothelioma come from the interaction between asbestos fibers and human cells. The morphological and chemical heterogeneity of these fibers leads us to use analytical techniques capable of analyzing the organic/inorganic interaction. Our work aims the development of FTIR method couple with the synchrotron radiation. Thanks to that technique, we could analyse the effects of the asbestos fibers on a lung human cell. These technique has been developped on cultured cells directly on IR transparent substrates. The experimentation have been developped to in vitro RAMAN imaging of individual living cell in interaction with different types of fibers. The goal was a better understanding of the pathological effect of the asbestos fibers on the human lung cells
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Hendriks, Gert. "Theoretical models in bioanalytical method development development and use of theoretical models in pharmaceutical bioanalysis of small molecules /". [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2009. http://irsw.ub.rug/nl/ppn/316.
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Ali, Mohsin [Verfasser]. "Bioanalytical method performance verification concept for cardiovascular research in pediatrics: From development to application in clinical trials / Mohsin Ali". Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205544135/34.
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Oliveira, Maysa Aparecida de. "Obtenção e caracterização química e farmacocinética do produto de fotodegradação do nifedipino". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8672.
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A simple and accurate stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) method was developed to measure nifedipine (NIF) in plasma in the presence of its degradation products. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column using H3PO4 0.01%:CH3CN:CH3OH (60:20:20, v/v/v) as the mobile phase and a 1.0ml/min flow rate. The analytical validation was performed according to FDA, EMA and ANVISA (Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency) guidelines and was linear between 100.0 and 2000.0 ng/ml, precise (1.9 to 11.3%) and accurate (86.0 to 113.1%). Under the evaluated conditions, NIF in plasma samples were stable after processing and freeze-thaw cycles. The average liquid-liquid extraction recovery was 101.3 ± 5.4%. After validation, this method was applied to evaluate the influence of nitrosophenylpyridine (NO-NIF) in the pharmacokinetic of NIF in plasma of Wistar rats. This method was also validated for quality control of NO-NIF obtained after photodegradation of NIF in photostability chamber. The method showed selectivity, linearity (0.4 to 2.4mg/ml), as well as precision and accuracy. Nitrophenylpyridine (NINIF) was synthesized from the NIF. These degradation products were characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. In addition, a breakdown product of NO-NIF due to its contact with plasma was identified and characterized.
Um método simples, rápido e preciso por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC-DAD) foi desenvolvido para determinação de nifedipino (NIF) na presença de seus produtos de degradação em amostras de plasma. A separação cromatográfica foi realizada em coluna C18 empregando H3PO4 0,01%:CH3CN:CH3OH (60:20:20 v/v/v) como fase móvel e vazão de 1,0mL/min. A validação procedeu-se segundo as recomendações dos guias editados pela ANVISA, EMA e FDA e apresentou linearidade no intervalo de 100,0 a 2000,0ng/mL com precisão (1,9 a 11,3%) e exatidão 86,0 a 113,1%) adequadas. Nas condições avaliadas, as amostras de NIF mostraram-se estáveis tanto em plasma como após processamento e ciclos de congelamento e descongelamento. A eficiência do método de extração líquido-líquido demonstrou recuperação média de 101,3 ± 5,4%. Após a etapa de validação, o método foi aplicado em estudos farmacocinéticos para avaliação da influência do nitrosofenilpiridino (NO-NIF) na farmacocinética do NIF. Este método também foi validado para o controle de qualidade do NO-NIF obtido após fotodegradação do NIF em câmara de fotoestabilidade e apresentou seletividade, linearidade (0,4 a 2,4μg/mL), assim como precisão e exatidão. Além da obtenção do NO-NIF por fotodegradação, nitrofenilpiridino (NI-NIF) foi sintetizado a partir do NIF. Esses produtos de degradação foram caracterizados por RMN e espectrometria de massas. Além disso, um produto de degradação do NO-NIF decorrente do seu contato com plasma foi identificado e caracterizado.
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Gorityala, Shashank. "TARGETED AND UNTARGETED OMICS FOR DISEASE BIOMARKERS USING LC-MS". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1547093694357568.
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Shah, Kumar. "Quantitative Analysis of Tobacco Specific Nitrosamine in Human Urine Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as a Potential Tool for Cancer Risk Assessment". VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1954.
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Measuring urinary tobacco specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and its glucuronide conjugate may provide the best biomarker of tobacco smoke lung carcinogen metabolism. Existence of differences in the extent of NNAL metabolism rates may be potentially related to an individuals’ lung cancer susceptibility. Low concentrations of NNAL in smokers urine (<1 ng/mL) require sensitive and selective methods for analysis. Traditionally, this involves extensive, time-consuming sample preparation that limits throughput and adds to measurement variability. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been developed for the analysis of urinary NNAL by offline cartridge extraction combined with LC-MS/MS. This method when reproduced demonstrated problems with matrix effects. In the first part of this work, investigation of matrix effects and related problems with sensitivity for the published offline extraction method has been conducted. In order to address the need to improve throughput and other analytical figures of merit for the original method, the second part of this work deals with development of a high-throughput online microfluidic method using capillary-columns packed with MIP beads for the analysis of urinary NNAL. The method was validated as per the FDA guidance, and enabled low volume, rapid analysis of urinary NNAL by direct injection on a microfluidic column packed with NNAL specific MIP beads. The method was used for analysis of urinary NNAL and NNAL-Gluc in smokers. Chemometric methods were used with this data to develop a potential cancer-risk-assessment tool based on pattern recognition in the concentrations of these compounds in urine. In the last part, method comparison approaches for the online and the offline sample extraction techniques were investigated. A ‘fixed’ range acceptance criterion based on combined considerations of method precision and accuracy, and the FDA bioanalytical guidance limits on precision and accuracy was proposed. Data simulations studies to evaluate the probabilities of successful transfers using the proposed criteria were performed. Various experimental designs were evaluated and a design comprised of 3 runs with 3 replicates each with an acceptance range of ±20% was found appropriate. The off-line and the on-line sample extraction methods for NNAL analysis were found comparable using the proposed fixed range acceptance criteria.
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Caufield, William Vincent. "Development and validation of stability indicating high performance liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of selected pharmaceuticals in intravenous fluid mixtures ; development and validation of bioanalytical high performance liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of selected pharmaceuticals". 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/caufield%5Fwilliam%5Fv%5F200205%5Fphd.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Georgia, 2002.Directed by William Vincent Caufield. Includes articles published in Chromatographia, and an article accepted by Journal of liquid chromatography and related technologies. Includes bibliographical references.
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Choi, Yong Seok. "The development of new nanoelectrospray techniques and a noble stable isotope labeling method for bioanalytical mass spectrometry". 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397910281&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=39334&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2007.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 15, 2008) Available through UMI ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Thesis adviser: Wood, Troy D. Includes bibliographical references.
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Meirinho, Sara Alexandra. "Bioanalytical method validation of Venlafaxine and Desvenlafaxine in mouse plasma, brain and liver using a MEPS/HPLC assay: a path to study these drugs’ intranasal administration". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/6438.
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The present thesis was elaborated aiming to obtain the master’s degree in pharmaceutical sciences. In here, it is described all the scientific investigation work done to reach the proposed objective, as well as all tasks and learnings that I have taken along my community and hospital pharmacy internships.
Chapter 1 is related with my scientific investigation work entitled “Bioanalytical method validation of Venlafaxine and Desvenlafaxine in mouse plasma, brain and liver using a MEPS/HPLC assay: a path to study these drugs’ intranasal administration”. Since major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent psychiatric diseases, its therapeutic successful rate must be increased. Nowadays, the majority of all antidepressants used are given orally, being this route a source of therapeutic problems, mainly in what concerns with the time and dosage required to accomplish the desired effects. So, in order to improve it, intranasal administration route has been investigated, once parts of the nasal cavity directly contacts with brain tissue. Over time, and after some research, it was also understood that Venlafaxine is one of the most successful antidepressants until now, having the advantage of being metabolized to an active metabolite called Desvenlafaxine. So, in order to perform some future studies using intranasally administration of both these drugs and understand what advantages it brings, a reliable bioanalytical quantification method for venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine in mouse plasma, brain and liver matrices must be validated, in this case, using a MEPS/HPLC method.
Chapter 2 is related with community pharmacy internship, describing all the performed activities during the 3 month that I have stayed in Pharmacy Alameda. The focus in this chapter is to understand how community pharmacies in general work, taking into account not only drugs dispense and pharmaceutical services but also the best way to manage them.
Chapter 3 is about my 2 month of internship in hospital pharmacy services, describing all the duties and tasks performed in each pharmacy section. In here it is also explicit pharmacists’ importance in patients’ pharmaceutical therapies management as well as in controlling all the economic costs related with it.A tese aqui exposta foi elaborada com o intuito de obter o grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Seguidamente é descrito todo o trabalho efetuado no âmbito da investigação científica, de modo a que o objectivo proposto fosse alcançado. Estão também descritas as tarefas elaboradas e aprendizagens obtidas ao longo dos meus estágios em farmácia comunitária e em farmácia hospitalar. No Capítulo 1 é descrito todo o meu trabalho no âmbito da área de investigação, sendo este intitulado “Validação de um método bioanalítico de Venlafaxina e Desvenlafaxina em plasma, cérebro e fígado de murganho usando MEPS/HPLC: um caminho para o estudo da administração intranasal destes fármacos”. Uma vez que a depressão major é uma das doenças psiquiátricas mais prevalente, a taxa de sucesso do seu tratamento terá obrigatoriamente de ser aumentada. Actualmente, a maioria dos antidepressivos são administrados por via oral, o que é uma fonte de problemas a nível terapêutico, considerando principalmente o tempo e as elevadas doses necessárias para o tratamento da doença. Assim, de modo a melhorar este aspecto, a via intranasal tem vindo a ser estudada, uma vez que existem locais na cavidade nasal que contactam directamente com o tecido cerebral. Ao longo do tempo também se tem percebido que a Venlafaxina é um dos antidepressivos mais eficazes, tendo também a vantagem de ser metabolizada num metabolito activo chamado Desvenlafaxina. Assim, de modo a perceber quais as vantagens da administração por via intranasal da Venlafaxina e da Desvenlafaxina, deve ser antes validado um método bioanalítico usando MEPS/HPLC de modo a que ambos se consigam quantificar em plasma, cérebro e fígado de murganho. O Capítulo 2 está relacionado com o estágio em farmácia comunitária, no qual são descritas todas as actividades realizadas ao longo dos 3 meses que passei na Farmácia da Alameda. Neste capítulo é focado todo o funcionamento em geral de uma farmácia comunitária, tendo sempre em conta não apenas a dispensa de medicamentos e os serviços farmacêuticos, mas também as melhores formas de gestão efetuadas neste âmbito. O Capítulo 3 refere-se aos 2 meses de estágio em farmácia hospitalar, descrevendo-se aqui todas as tarefas e responsabilidades de cada secção da farmácia. Aqui é também focada a importância do farmacêutico hospitalar na gestão das terapêuticas dos doentes e dos custos associados a estas.