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Lugo, Gabriel. "Blackout". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/965.
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An anti-social, grieving son avoiding his 21st birthday, his overworked mother stranded on a business trip, and his commitment-phobic older sister reliving her youth, reunite during a major blackout in Puerto Rico after a devastating loss to the family.
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Gideonsson, Lisa. "Blackout poem". Thesis, Kungl. Konsthögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kkh:diva-27.
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En text om frånvaro och glömska som alternativ metod i skapandet. Baserad på de 26 ord som dikten Blackout poem består av, vilka relaterar till en minneslucka, skriven av Gideonsson. Med följande till texten är en 10" vinyl som innehåller 4 spår skapade av Gideonsson från 2010-2013 som relaterar till temat.[I examensarbetet ingår utställningen "Instead of a tick, I went for a thump":] Utsällningen består av två stycken ljudverk vilka båda behandlar ett sorts tidsföde.\r\n\r\nInstead if a tick, I went for a thump består av två metronomer som går in och ur synk genom den ena metronomens defekt. Deras intergrerade ljud transformeras till ett djupt bas beat som ljuder i lokalen och kan upplevas fysisk, speciellt när man sitter på bänkarna i rummet. \r\n\r\nBlackout III är en performativ ljudinstallation som består av tre rullbandare där ett magnetband löper i en sammanhängande loop. Från början ett tomt band som sedan regelbundet fylls på med sonisk information. Ljudet består av min röst som räknar från 1 och uppåt. Detta spelas in på ena bandaren samtidigt som de andra bandarna återger vad som just spelats in. Rösten återkommer och förföljs. Material: Metronomer, rullbandare Teknik: Ljudverk, performance
Utställningen är starkt intergrerad med essän, vilken även fanns att tilgå i ett exemplar på utställningen, och vinylen fanns för lyssning,
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Bengtsson, Mattias y Kristian Andersen. "Hur dokumenteras blackout ombord på fartyg? : En studie av haverirapporter där blackout var en del av händelseförloppet". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33984.
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Ombord på fartyg är det inte önskvärt att få strömavbrott, en så kallad blackout. Examensarbetet har undersökt i vilken utsträckning det är möjligt att utföra jämförande och förebyggande studier med haverirapporter från europeiska flaggstater som underlag. Detta för att undersöka återkommande brister, på fartyg eller i arbetet ombord som har orsakat blackout. Dessutom har även möjligheterna till att kunna kategorisera fallen undersökts. Kategorierna var tekniskt fel, operativt fel och organisationsfel. I ungefär häften av fallen gick det inte att kategorisera en blackout till ett fel, eftersom det annars var en kombination av fel. Däremot finns återkommande fel där händelseförloppen är väldigt lika. Till exempel var heta ytor inte korrekt isolerade, vilket resulterade i brand vid bränsleläckage. Undersökningen visar att det finns en bristfällig symmetri i rapporteringen av haveri med avseende på språk, struktur, omfattning och publiceringsform. Brister fanns även på sökfunktionerna i databaserna.On board vessels it is not desirable to have a power failure, a so-called blackout. The thesis has investigated to what extent it is feasible to perform comparative and preventive studies with the accident reports from European flag states as a basis. This in order to investigate recurring shortcomings, of the vessels or in the work on board that has caused the blackout. In addition the possibility to categorize the cases was investigated. The categories were technical errors, operational errors and organization errors. Roughly half of the cases show that a single category of fault could not be identified due to a combination of faults leading to the blackout. However there are recurring cases with almost identical scenarios. For example unsatisfactory insulation caused fires due to leaking fuel hitting the hot surfaces. The survey shows that there is a lack of symmetry regarding the language used, structure, scope and form of publication. It also showed faults in the search engines of the databases.
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bin, Mohd Ariff Mohd. "Adaptive protection and control for wide-area blackout prevention". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24488.
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Technical analyses of several recent power blackouts revealed that a group of generators going out-of-step with the rest of the power system is often a precursor of a complete system collapse. Out-of-step protection is designed to assess the stability of the evolving swing after a disturbance and take control action accordingly. However, the settings of out-of-step relays are found to be unsatisfactory due to the fact that the electromechanical swings that occurred during relay commissioning are different in practice. These concerns motivated the development of a novel approach to recalculate the out-of-step protection settings to suit the prevalent operating condition. With phasor measurement unit (PMU) technology, it is possible to adjust the setting of out-of-step relay in real-time. The setting of out-of-step relay is primarily determined by three dynamic parameters: direct axis transient reactance, quadrature axis speed voltage and generator inertia. In a complex power network, these parameters are the dynamic parameters of an equivalent model of a coherent group of generators. Hence, it is essential to identify the coherent group of generators and estimate the dynamic model parameters of each generator in the system first in order to form the dynamic model equivalent in the system. The work presented in this thesis develops a measurement-based technique to identify the coherent areas of power system network by analysing the measured data obtained from the system. The method is based on multivariate analysis of the signals, using independent component analysis (ICA). Also, a technique for estimating the dynamic model parameters of the generators in the system has been developed. The dynamic model parameters of synchronous generators are estimated by processing the PMU measurements using unscented Kalman filter (UKF).
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Occhino, Silvio <1992>. "BlackOUT: from Senegal to Brazil. The importance of being Branco". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13683.
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Questo lavoro è una ricerca che ha come obiettivo lo studio di un preciso fenomeno migratorio il quale iniziò ad affermarsi, in maniera più solida e distintiva, nell'anno 2010. Infatti, il flusso migratorio dal Senegal al Brasile possiede delle radici decisamente attuali. L'analisi del flusso in questione ha però anche delle finalità socio antropologiche in quanto, a prescindere dalla mera esegesi del percorso intrapreso dai migranti senegalesi, questo studio ha intenzione di evidenziare, alla luce delle relazioni sociali fra i due popoli, la persistenza di un razzismo vibrante che si annida dentro i confini del territorio brasiliano.
Ciò che nasce come una passione personale, suscitata dalla lettura di studi socioculturali e demo-etno-antropologici riguardanti le comunità dell'Africa sub-sahariana, con particolare riferimento alle terre emerse nella parte occidentale del suddetto continente, sfocerà in un'analisi che mirerà a delineare i perché che stanno alla base del flusso in questione e tutte le conseguenze che discernono da ciò e che, soprattutto, sfociano in temi che, necessariamente e forzatamente, hanno risvolti antropologici.
Lo studio delle strutture sociali di due diversi paesi, in questo caso Senegal e Brasile, è una disciplina tanto datata quanto sempre molto attuale che ha come scopo principale la disamina del sistema dei rapporti fondati su due pilastri teorici: "cultura" e "società".
Lo studio in questione si basa sulla correlazione fra due paesi tanto distanti quanto apparentemente senza nessuna specifica reciprocità. Una ex colonia francese, il Senegal, ed una ex colonia portoghese, il Brasile, hanno apparentemente una esclusiva matrice comune, cioè aver subito una dominazione coloniale. Nonostante ogni discrepanza associativa, lo studio propone alcune somiglianze in essere fra i due che sfociano in una migrazione e nell'incontro tra due popoli che diviene paradossalmente un non-incontro.
Dal punto di vista strutturale la tesi è suddivisa in tre capitoli, ognuno dei quali analizza e discute delle tematiche che hanno a che fare, geograficamente, con due diverse aree: quella dell'Africa occidentale, dove sorge il Senegal e quella brasiliana, sfogo finale di questo flusso.
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Wiggam, Marc Patrick. "The Blackout in Britain and Germany during the Second World War". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3246.
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The impact of air raid precautions in Britain and Germany has received little scholarly attention since the end of the Second World War. Of the protective measures brought about as a result of the invention of the bomber, the blackout was by far the most intrusive and extensive form of civil defence. Yet the historiography of the home front and the bombing war in Britain and Germany has tended to sideline the blackout, or else ignore it entirely. The lack of study given to the blackout is at odds with the scale of its impact across wartime society. This thesis furthers understanding of the blackout and the social history of the British and German home fronts by contextualising the blackout within the development of aviation, and its social and economic effects. It also examines the impact technology could have on the relationship between state and citizens, and addresses the lack of comparative research on Britain and Germany during the Second World War. The thesis draws on extensive research conducted in local and national government archives in Britain and Germany, as well as a wide range of secondary literature on the war and inter-war period. It argues that the blackout was a profound expansion of the state into the lives of each nation’s citizens, and though it was set within two politically very different states, it brought with it similar practical and social problems. The blackout, as the most ‘social’ form of civil defence, is an ideal aspect of the war by which to compare the British and German home fronts. Ultimately, the differences between the two countries were less important than the shared sense of obligation that the blackout principle was intended to foster within the wartime community.
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Babouček, Petr. "Možné dopady terorismu na ekonomiku států". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-8183.
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Po 11. září 2001 po útocích na USA se stal terorismus součástí života západních demokratických států. Samotným problémem je však chápání a výklad pojmu terorismus. Navíc je otázkou, jaký vliv má terorismus na ekonomiku států. Co se týká České republiky, není příliš mnoho teroristických cílů na jejím území, které by mohly v takovém rozsahu přímo ohrozit nejen hospodářství České republiky, ale i hospodářství okolních zemí a možná i celé Evropské unie, jako je sektor elektroenergetiky.
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Babouček, Petr Ing. "Možné dopady terorismu na ekonomiku států". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165181.
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Po 11. září 2001 po útocích na USA se stal terorismus součástí života západních demokratických států. Samotným problémem je však chápání a výklad pojmu terorismus. Navíc je otázkou, jaký vliv má terorismus na ekonomiku států. Co se týká České republiky, není příliš mnoho teroristických cílů na jejím území, které by mohly v takovém rozsahu přímo ohrozit nejen hospodářství České republiky, ale i hospodářství okolních zemí a možná i celé Evropské unie, jako je sektor elektroenergetiky.
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Banerjee, Abhishek. "Resilient Monitoring and Robust Control towards Blackout Prevention in Modern Power Grids". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31778.
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This dissertation embodies a comprehensive approach towards resilient monitoring of frid events using Structure Preserving Energy Functions (SPEFs) and introduces a novel control architecture in Multi Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) grids, for inter-area oscillation damping and achieving robustness to AC as well as DC side, post-contingency events in the modern power grid. This work is presented as a collection of several publications which investigate and address the proposed research topics. At first, SPEFs are derived for multi-machine IEEE benchmark models with the help of the Wide-Area Measurements (WAMs). A physics-based hybrid approach to develop one-to-one mapping between properties of energy function components with respect to the type of fault in the system is introduced. The proposed method is tested offline on a IEEE-39 bus, New England Test System (NETS), with particular interest in monitoring the most sensitive energy functions during relay misoperations. Such events can be precipitated by zone 3 trips in distance relays due to load encroachment during stressed conditions. These might include a genuine misoperation, a false trip due to cyber-attacks, or a load encroachment, all of which are undesirable under normal operating circumstances. An online monitoring scheme is introduced in an actual blackout simulation in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) to examine what further indications these energy function components can provide, especially during a cascading sequence, and how they could supervise critical tripping decisions by distance relays. Next, a futuristic grid comprised of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based AC-MTDC is considered due to its recent proliferation in integrating offshore wind farms to onshore grids, and additionally improving strength of weak AC grids. A robust control is designed using the converter station poles as actuators to provide damping support to the surrounding AC grid. Further, a design problem is envisioned and implemented that introduces disturbance rejection into control architecture by designing a novel explicitly modeled disturbance plant in the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) framework. Finally, a novel robust inter-area oscillation damping controller is designed that proves its effectiveness in inter-area mode settling times, and provides robustness to (n-1) contingencies in the AC as well as the DC side of the meshed AC-MTDC grid.
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Anwar, Amir Shahzad. "New techniques in the management of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) or blackout". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/new-techniques-in-the-management-of-transient-loss-of-consciousness-tloc-or-blackout(fd47e2e9-d5fc-4806-85e9-7af16f263149).html.
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Collapse is defined as an “abrupt loss of postural control” and is very common presentation to primary and secondary care. It accounts up to 3% of emergency department cases, and 6% of hospital admissions. Many patients are labelled with “collapse?cause”. It should be appreciated that collapse can be with or without TLOC/blackout. Causes without TLOC include falls, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, road traffic accidents, metabolic abnormalities and intoxication. However, most collapse patients have TLOC. Most common causes are syncope, epilepsy or psychogenic blackouts. There are many similarities and overlap of clinical features leading to misdiagnosis. There are huge variations in the ways TLOC patients are assessed and managed. Patients are dealt by different specialties in different clinical settings. There is lack of clinical tools for assessment and poor risk stratification. Most clinicians take a “safe approach” and as a result, TLOC patients are often admitted to hospital unnecessarily and over investigated, which can increase confusion and healthcare cost. We have therefore tried to approach these issues via a dedicated “Rapid Access Blackout Triage Clinic” (RABTC). In this thesis, we have addressed the problem of TLOC in five projects arising from the triage of patients seen in that clinic. Chapter 1 expands the scene-setting for the thesis. Chapter 2 reports outcomes of a specialist nurse-lead RABTC. The clinic uses custom clinical evaluation and risk stratification tools for patients with TLOC with cardiologist supervision (author). Nearly two thirds of patients presenting to the RABTC are over 65 years. Chapter 3 reports outcome of pacemaker insertions in elderly patients for minor ECG abnormalities that are not current indications for pacemaker insertion. We speculated that such abnormalities could progress suddenly and transiently at the time of TLOC. Patients underwent pacemaker implantation directly avoiding further investigations, delay, and the risk of further blackouts and injury. Large numbers of patients with blackouts referred to the RABTC have had many investigations elsewhere with no conclusion. In chapter 4, we studied the effect of long term insertable ECG monitor (ILR) which can help making early diagnosis and avoid unnecessary investigations. We explored the impact of the ILR on time to Symptom/ECG correlation and time-to-diagnosis. There remains nearly half of the patients where even ILR is unable to explain the TLOC. Ideally, ILR would detect ECG, Blood Pressure and the Electroencephalogram, (EEG). These physiological parameters would be sufficient to distinguish between syncope, epilepsy and psychogenic blackouts. In Chapter 5 the results of in-depth analysis of the ECG in these patients are presented. Heart rate variability was used to calculate sympathovagal balance. The patients were recruited using video telemetry data from a Regional epilepsy centre. Finally, treatment of TLOC depends on its underlying cause and by far the most common cause is reflex syncope. So far, no treatment has proven benefit in this situation. One drug, midodrine an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist, has had several albeit unsatisfactory randomised controlled trial. We describe our experience of midodrine in this condition in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 summarises what has been contributed by this thesis.
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Urrego, Agudelo Lilliam. "A novel method for the Approximation of risk of Blackout in operational conditions". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1071/document.
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L'industrie de l'électricité peut être caractérisée par plusieurs risques: la réglementation, la capacité, l'erreur humaine, etc. L'un des aspects les plus remarquables, en raison de leur impact, est lié à ne pas répondre à la demande (DNS).Pour éviter les défaillances en cascade, des critères déterministes comme la N-1 ont été appliquées, ce qui permet d'éviter la défaillance initial. Après une défaillance en cascade, des efforts considérables doivent être faits pour analyser les défauts afin de minimiser la possibilité d'un événement similaire.En dépit de tous ces efforts, des blackouts peuvent encore se produire. En effet, il est un défi, en raison du grand nombre d'interactions possibles et de leur diversité et complexité, pour obtenir une bonne prédiction d'une situation.Dans notre travail, une nouvelle méthodologie est proposée pour estimer le risque de blackout en utilisant des modèles de systèmes complexes. Cette approche est basée sur l'utilisation de variables qui peuvent être des précurseurs d'un événement DNS. Il est basé sur l'étude de la dépendance ou de corrélation entre les variables impliquées dans le risque de blackout, et la caractéristique d’auto-organisation critique (SOC) des systèmes complexes.La VaR est calculé en utilisant les données du système colombien et le coût du rationnement, y compris les variables économiques dans les variables techniques. Traditionnellement le risque augmente avec la racine carrée du temps, mais avec des séries de données que présente un comportement complexe, le taux de croissance est plus élevé.Une fois que les conditions de SOC sont déterminées, un Model de Flux de Puissance Statistique SPFM a été exécuté pour simuler le comportement du système et de ses variables pour les performances du système électrique. Les simulations ont été comparées aux résultats du comportement de fonctionnement réel du système de puissance électrique.Le flux de puissance DC est un modèle simplifié, ce qui représente le phénomène complexe de façon simple, néglige cependant certains aspects des événements de fonctionnement du système qui peut se produire dans les blackouts. La représentation des défaillances en cascade et de l'évolution du réseau électrique dans un modèle simple, permet l'analyse des relations temporaires dans l'exploitation des réseaux électriques, en plus de l'interaction entre la fiabilité à court terme et à long terme (avec un réseau d'amélioration). Cette méthodologie est axée sur la planification opérationnelle du lendemain (jour d'avance sur le marché), mais il peut être appliqué à d'autres échelles de temps.Les résultats montrent que le comportement complexe avec une loi de puissance et l'indice de Hurst est supérieur à 0,5. Les simulations basées sur notre modèle ont le même comportement que le comportement réel du système.En utilisant la théorie de la complexité, les conditions SOC doivent être mis en place pour le marché analysé du lendemain. Ensuite, une simulation inverse est exécutée, où le point final de la simulation est la situation actuelle du système, et permet au système d'évoluer et de répondre aux conditions requises par la caractéristique d’auto-organisation critique en un point de fonctionnement souhaité.Après avoir simulé le critère de fiabilité utilisé dans l’exploitation du système électrique pour les défaillances en cascade, ils sont validés par des défaillances historiques obtenues à partir du système électrique. Ces résultats, permettent l'identification des lignes avec la plus grande probabilité de défaillance, la séquence des événements associés, et quelles simulations d'actions d’exploitation ou d'expansion, peuvent réduire le risque de défaillance du réseau de transmission.Les possibles avantages attendus pour le réseau électrique sont l'évaluation appropriée du risque du réseau, l'augmentation de la fiabilité du système, et un progrès de la planification du risque du lendemain et connaissance de la situationThe electricity industry can be characterized by several risks: regulatory, adequacy, human error, etc. One of the most outstanding aspects, because of their impact, is related to not supply demand (DNS).To prevent cascading failures, particularly in reliability studies, determinist criteria were applied, such as N-1, which allows to avoid the initial event of failure in the planning and operation of the system. In general, analysis tools for these preventive actions are applied separately for the planning and for the system operation of an electric power. After a cascading failure, considerable efforts must be done to analyze faults to minimize the possibility of a similar event.In spite of all these efforts, blackouts or large cascading failures still happen, although events are considered to be rare due to the efforts of the industry. Indeed, it is a challenge from the point of view of analysis and simulation, due to the large number of possible interactions and their diversity and complexity, to obtain a good prediction of a situation.In our work, a new methodology is proposed to estimate the blackout risk using complex systems models. This approach is based on the use of variables that can be precursors of a DNS event. In other terms, it is based on the study of the dependence or correlation between the variables involved in the blackout risk, and the self organized critically (SOC) property of complex systems.VaR is calculate using the data from the Colombian system and the cost of rationing, for estimate the cost of blackout including economic variables into the technical variables. In addition, traditionally the risk grows with the root square of the time, but with data series than has complex behavior, the rate of growing is higher.Once the SOC conditions are determined, a Statistical Power Flow Model SPFM was executed to simulate the behavior of the system and its variables for the performance of the electrical system. Simulations results were compared to the real operation behavior of the electrical power system.The DC power flow is a simplified model, which represents the complex phenomenon in a simple way, however neglects some aspects of the events of operation of the system that can happen in blackouts. The representation of cascading failures and evolution of the network in a simple model allows the analysis of the temporary relations in the operation of electrical networks, besides the interaction between reliability of short-term and long-term (with improvements network).. This methodology is focused on the operational planning of the following day (day ahead market), but it can be applied to other time scales.The results show that the complex behavior with a power law and the Hurst index is greater than 0.5. The simulations based on our model have the same behavior as the real behavior of the system.For using the complexity theory, the SOC conditions must be established for the day ahead analyzed market. Then an inverse simulation is executed, where the endpoint of the simulation is the current situation of the system, and allows the system to evolve and meet the requisites of criticality auto-organized in a desired point of operation.After simulating the criterion of reliability used in the operation of the electrical system for cascading failures, they are validated by historical failures obtained from the electrical system. These results, allow the identification of lines with the biggest probability to fail, the sequence of associate events, and what simulations of actions of operation or expansion, can reduce the risk of failures of the transmission network.The possible advantage expected for the electrical network are the appropriate evaluation of the risk of the network, the increase the reliability of the system (probabilistic analysis), and a progress of the planning of the risk of the day ahead (holistic analysis) and situational awareness
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Landahl, Tove. "Blackout : En observationsstudie om memorering av harmonik inom klassiskt pianospel och hur memorering kan komma att påverka konsertnerverna hos pianister". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för konstnärliga studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-48530.
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En studie om medveten memorering av harmonik inom klassiskt pianospel. Arbetet bygger på observationer av en tolv veckors lång instuderingsprocess, sett i relation till ett urval av tidigare litteratur och forskning inom området. Studien har i syfte att ge en djupare bild och förståelse av memoreringens påverkan vid konsertsituationen samt vilka fördelar respektive nackdelar det kan finnas med medveten memorering av harmonik. För att uppnå syftet tar studien utgångspunkt i tre frågeställningar. Frågeställningarna berör medveten memorering av harmonik som metod att instudera ett stycke, vilka fördelar och nackdelar det kan få samt om det kan hjälpa en musicerande att känna sig tryggare på scen. Som blivande lärare hoppas jag att detta dels ska hjälpa mig vid egna uppspel men också att jag ska kunna förmedla en bra memoreringsmetod till de elever som jag kommer att möta under min tid som lärare.A study about conscious memorization of harmony in classical piano playing. The study is based on observations of a twelve week period and on chosen literature from previous research in this field. The purpose of the study is to get a deeper knowledge and understanding in how memorizing can effect the results at a performance and also what other benefits and disadvantages there could be. The study has as a starting point three questions. These questions are about memorization of harmonics as a method to learn a music piece, the benefits and disadvantages with conscious memorization and also if a pianist can feel safer on stage after consciously memorizing harmony. As a future teacher I hope this study will help me with my own performances and also the pupils that I will teach and meet during my professional work as a musicteacher.
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McCosham, Anthony. ""This is generally followed by a blackout" power, resistance, and carnivalesque in television sketch comedy /". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1174927139.
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Karugarama, Marvin Kiiza. "Mitiiation of Blackout in Kigali Using a Microgrid with Advanced Energy Storage and Solar Photovoltaics". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64470.
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A blackout is defined as the loss of electric power for a given period in a particular area. With increasing dependence on reliable electric power, the social and economic ramifications of blackouts are dire, negatively impacting the productivity, safety, and security of communities. To reduce blackout occurrence, power system planners incorporate redundancy and advanced controls to the grid to make it more adaptable to disturbances. However, adding redundant transmission lines is not only expensive, it is suboptimal in some contexts. While it is unattainable to have no blackout, it is possible and necessary to implement measures that minimize the likelihood and scale of these outages. This work proposes a solution that uses a microgrid with advanced energy storage and solar PV to mitigate blackouts in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. A description and steady state analysis of major weaknesses in the Rwandan electric grid is presented. A microgrid application capable of islanding from the system is simulated in the steady state and shown to strengthen the system and decrease the likelihood of blackouts in Kigali. The composition of the microgrid is then designed, simulated, and optimized for technical and financial feasibility using the HOMER model. A microgrid that uses energy storage and solar PV is shown to not only be feasible, but also competitive with current costs of electricity in Rwanda. For comparison, different combinations that include diesel generation are also simulated.Master of Science
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Crump, Simon Richard. "'My Elvis Blackout' and 'Neverland' : truth, fiction and celebrity in the postmodernist heterobiographical composite novel". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/24692/.
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A PhD by publication comprising two of my books, My Elvis Blackout and Neverland, accompanied by a reflective and critical exegesis, which examines notions of truth, fiction and celebrity in the composite novel through a broadly analytical and practice-based methodology. The exegesis begins by exploring the links between the methodology of the fine artist and the new creative writer. It then demonstrates that My Elvis Blackout and Neverland represent an original contribution to knowledge in the way that they explore and develop literary form (the ‘composite’ novel), and, in their exploration of celebrity, myth-making and fictional hagiography, and that the two books function as performative critiques which probe the boundaries between fiction and the fabricated reality of celebrity culture. My exegesis analyses Linda Boldrini’s term ‘heterobiography’ (2012) with particular reference to Michael Ondaatje’s The Collected Works of Billy The Kid (1981), which as a bricolage relies upon the reader’s pre-conceived recognition of the historicity of its protagonist and continually tests the boundaries between fact and fiction. In this section of the exegesis, I propose that what sets My Elvis Blackout and Neverland apart from Billy The Kid is that whilst Ondaatje’s book certainly does exploit the confusions between fact, fiction, autobiography and history, it remains firmly set within the timeframe that its historical protagonist inhabits. My Elvis Blackout and Neverland remain grounded within their readers’ expectations of American settings contemporary to their nominative protagonists, but both books also feature dilations in both historical and geographical setting. Through analysis I have come to perceive ‘the celebrity persona’ as an identikit image assembled by thousands of witnesses. A photo fit photomontage tiered with impressions of subjective provenance, each layered transparency filtered through the fears and desires of fans and critics. Whereas other historiographic metafictions use historical figures as singular characters, My Elvis Blackout and Neverland can be seen to be utilising an ‘identikit’ concept to present their respective protagonists as manyheaded Hydras, or multiple probability ‘versions’ from parallel universes. By a conflation of terms, Hutcheon’s ‘historiographic metafiction’ (1988) and Boldrini’s ‘heterobiography’ (2012), My Elvis Blackout and Neverland are in fact historiobiographic metafictions. The exegesis concludes by establishing my own works’ live impact on the overarching celebrity metanarratives, and their inevitable organic status.
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Henneaux, Pierre. "A two-level Probabilistic Risk Assessment of cascading failures leading to blackout in transmission power systems". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209433.
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In our society, private and industrial activities increasingly rest on the implicit assumption that electricity is available at any time and at an affordable price. Even if operational data and feedback from the electrical sector is very positive, a residual risk of blackout or undesired load shedding in critical zones remains. The occurrence of such a situation is likely to entail major direct and indirect economical consequences, as observed in recent blackouts. Assessing this residual risk and identifying scenarios likely to lead to these feared situations is crucial to control and optimally reduce this risk of blackout or major system disturbance. The objective of this PhD thesis is to develop a methodology able to reveal scenarios leading to a blackout or a major system disturbance and to estimate their frequencies and their consequences with a satisfactory accuracy.A blackout is a collapse of the electrical grid on a large area, leading to a power cutoff, and is due to a cascading failure. Such a cascade is composed of two phases: a slow cascade, starting with the occurrence of an initiating event and displaying characteristic times between successive events from minutes to hours, and a fast cascade, displaying characteristic times between successive events from milliseconds to tens of seconds. In cascading failures, there is a strong coupling between events: the loss of an element increases the stress on other elements and, hence, the probability to have another failure. It appears that probabilistic methods proposed previously do not consider correctly these dependencies between failures, mainly because the two very different phases are analyzed with the same model. Thus, there is a need to develop a conceptually satisfying probabilistic approach, able to take into account all kinds of dependencies, by using different models for the slow and the fast cascades. This is the aim of this PhD thesis.
This work first focuses on the level-I which is the analysis of the slow cascade progression up to the transition to the fast cascade. We propose to adapt dynamic reliability, an integrated approach of Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) developed initially for the nuclear sector, to the case of transmission power systems. This methodology will account for the double interaction between power system dynamics and state transitions of the grid elements. This PhD thesis also introduces the development of the level-II to analyze the fast cascade, up to the transition towards an operational state with load shedding or a blackout. The proposed method is applied to two test systems. Results show that thermal effects can play an important role in cascading failures, during the first phase. They also show that the level-II analysis after the level-I is necessary to have an estimation of the loss of supplied power that a scenario can lead to: two types of level-I scenarios with a similar frequency can induce very different risks (in terms of loss of supplied power) and blackout frequencies. The level-III, i.e. the restoration process analysis, is however needed to have an estimation of the risk in terms of loss of supplied energy. This PhD thesis also presents several perspectives to improve the approach in order to scale up applications to real grids.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Ribeiro, Ana Sylvia Maris. "\'Vai crédito hoje?\': do \'curto-circuito\' ao blackout da reprodução crítica do capital fictício em São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-05082015-144002/.
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A presente pesquisa se constitui como um esforço de crítica. Um esforço de crítica negativa, teórica e social, que se debruça sobre a análise do processo de expansão e abertura das mais variadas formas de crédito às parcelas consideradas pobres da população brasileira, fenômeno recente e inédito na história do país que se expressa principalmente na primeira década do século XXI. O enfoque é dado particularmente ao caso de São Paulo. Sob a perspectiva da crítica do valor desenvolvida por Marx nO Capital e da dissociação-valor elaborada por Kurz e Scholz, a pesquisa se constrói a partir da consideração de depoimentos de mulheres residentes na periferia de São Paulo, no desdobramento da crítica às formas de entendimento produzidas acerca desse fenômeno, notadamente a realizada pelo Estado, por meio de dados e relatórios oficiais, e na geografia pela teoria dos dois circuitos da economia urbana dos países subdesenvolvidos.The present study constitutes one critical effort. A negative theoretical and critical social effort, which looks at the analysis of the expansion and opening of various forms of credit to the installments of the population considered poor, recent and unprecedented phenomenon in the history of the country which is mainly expressed in the first case decade of this century. The focus is particularly given to the case of São Paulo. From the perspective of critical value developed by Marx in O Capital and dissociation-value developed by Kurz and Scholz, the research builds from the consideration of testimonials from women residing in the outskirts of São Paulo, in the unfolding of the critical ways produced on the understanding of this phenomenon, notably by the State, by means of data and official reports, and geography in the theory of two circuits of the urban economy in underdeveloped countries.
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Kim, Minkwan, Michael Keidar, Iain D. Boyd y David Morris. "PLASMA DENSITY REDUCTION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC E×B FIELD DURING REENTRY FLIGHT". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604561.
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ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaAs a vehicle reenters or flies at hypersonic speed through the atmosphere, the surrounding air is shock heated and becomes weakly ionized. The plasma layer thus formed causes a communication problem known as ‘radio blackout’. At sufficiently dense plasma conditions, the plasma layer either reflects or attenuates radio wave communications to and from the vehicle. In this paper, we propose an electromagnetic field configuration as a method to allow communication through the plasma layer. Theoretical models show that this may address the blackout problem under a range of conditions. Preliminary experimental results are also presented.
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Žák, Jiří. "Studie blackoutu s ohledem na jadernou elektrárnu Dukovany". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220179.
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The entire diploma thesis analyses causes, consequences and repercussions of an electricity grid network blackout and its impact to the respective consumers. Remarkable blackouts recorded since 1965 are briefly described and basic available information is considered. The grid standard fixing measures and electricity delivery priorities are characterized. The thesis also pays attention to entire Czech Republic grid availability and its blackout endurance as well as to its robustness within last several years. Indirect Fukushima event influence to the Czech Republic electricity system is mentioned. The main part of the thesis comprises of four big European grid blackouts causes and consequences, their comparison to each other and to the Dukovany nuclear power plant grid blackout drill scenario. The preventive and standard corrective measures against blackouts are pointed out.
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Krems, Olaf. "Der Blackout-Kontinent Projektion und Reproduktion eurozentrischer Afrika- und Afrikanerbilder unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Berichterstattung in deutschsprachigen Massenmedien /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968501028.
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Cunha, Carlos Henrique Pessoa. "Nos tempos do blackout: cena musical, pr?ticas urbanas e a ressignifica??o da Rua Chile, Natal-RN". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16984.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-12This study aims to analyze the process of resignification of Chile Street, in Natal, from the development of a music scene in the late 1990s. Chile Street, as part of the Historic Centre of Natal, had its images constructed from the discursive practices and everyday life of its regular visitors, leading to a series of symbolic and imaging transformations throughout the twentieth century. Initially transformed into glamorous space as a result of urban actions of the new republic of Albuquerque Maranh?o, in the early twentieth century, Ribeira and Chile Street, specifically, came to be seen as bohemian area, during the war time"; followed by a marginal phase, it was eventually transformed into the main rocker area of Natal, with the development of a musical scene in the second half of the 1990s. This music scene, its practices, economic interests, cultural events and identity ties created among their practitioners made Chile Street, "in the time of Blackout night club", an "alternative" space. As the historic centers, inserted in the logic of postmodern city marketing, both spaces are dynamic in their practices, as in their images, Chile Street also suffered changes in its meanings and symbols, around the year 2000 when the alternative-underground space became a pop space, where people from various parts of the city began attending its events and places, transforming it into a point of very heterogeneous sociability
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar o processo de ressignifica??o da Rua Chile a partir do desenvolvimento de uma cena musical em fins dos anos 1990. A Rua Chile, enquanto parte do Centro Hist?rico de Natal, teve suas imagens constru?das a partir das pr?ticas cotidianas e discursivas de seus freq?entadores, levando a uma s?rie de transforma??es imag?ticas e simb?licas ao longo do s?culo XX. Inicialmente transformada em espa?o glamoroso pelas a??es urban?sticas da nova rep?blica dos Albuquerque Maranh?o, no in?cio do s?culo XX, a Ribeira e a Rua Chile, especificamente, passou a ser vista e dita como bo?mia, nos tempos da guerra ; seguindo por uma fase marginal, acabou sendo transformada em principal espa?o roqueiro da cidade de Natal, a partir do desenvolvimento de uma cena musical, na segunda metade dos anos 1990. Essa cena musical, suas pr?ticas, interesses econ?micos, manifesta??es culturais e la?os identit?rios criados entre seus praticantes constru?ram, nos tempos do Blackout , uma imagem de espa?o alternativo acerca da Rua Chile. Como os Centros Hist?ricos, inseridos na l?gica da city marketing p?s-moderna, s?o espa?os din?micos tanto em suas pr?ticas, quanto em suas imagens, a Rua Chile ainda sofreu altera??es em seus significados e simbologias, por volta do ano 2000, quando de espa?o alternativo-underground passou a ser representado como um espa?o pop, onde pessoas de v?rias partes a cidade passaram a freq?entar seus eventos e recantos, transformando-a em um point de sociabilidades bastante heterog?neas
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Azari-Vala, Afshin. "Software for the analysis of communication blackout behind normal and oblique shock waves for flight within the Earth's atmosphere". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ28814.pdf.
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Veda, Santosh Sambamoorthy. "WAMS-based Intelligent Load Shedding Scheme for Preventing Cascading Blackouts". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19251.
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Severe disturbances in a large electrical interconnection cause a large mismatch in generation and load in the network, leading to frequency instability. If the mismatch is not rectified quickly, the system may disintegrate into multiple islands. Though the Automatic Generation Controls (AGC) perform well in correcting frequency deviation over a period of minutes, they are ineffective during a rolling blackout. While traditional Under Frequency Load Shedding Schemes (UFLS) perform quick control actions to arrest frequency decline in an islanded network, they are not designed to prevent unplanned islanding. The proposed Intelligent Load Shedding algorithm combines the effectiveness of AGC Scheme by observing tie line flows and the speed of operation of the UFLS Scheme by shedding loads intelligently, to preserve system integrity in the event of an evolving cascading failure. The proposed scheme detects and estimates the size of an event by monitoring the tie lines of a control area using Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) and initiates load shedding by removing loads whose locations are optimally determined by a sensitivity analysis. The amount and location of the load shedding depends on the location and size of the initiating event, making the proposed algorithm adaptive and selective. Case Studies have been presented to show that control actions of the proposed scheme can directly mitigate a cascading blackout.
Ph. D.
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Starkey, Ryan P., Mark J. Lewis y Charles H. Jones. "PLASMA SHEATH CHARACTERIZATION FOR TELEMETRY IN HYPERSONIC FLIGHT". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606733.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaDuring certain hypersonic flight regimes, shock heating of air creates a plasma sheath resulting in telemetry attenuation or blackout. The severity of the signal attenuation is dependent on vehicle configuration, flight trajectory, and transmission frequency. This phenomenon is investigated with a focus placed on the nonequilibrium plasma sheath properties (electron concentration, plasma frequency, collision frequency, and temperature) for a range of flight conditions and vehicle design considerations. Trajectory and transmission frequency requirements for air-breathing hypersonic vehicle design are then addressed, with comparisons made to both shuttle orbiter and RAM-C II reentry flights.
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Starkey, Ryan P., Mark J. Lewis y Charles H. Jones. "PLASMA TELEMETRY IN HYPERSONIC FLIGHT". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607506.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaProblems associated with telemetry blackout caused by the plasma sheath surrounding a hypersonic vehicle are addressed. In particular, the critical nature of overcoming this limitation for test and evaluation purposes is detailed. Since the telemetry blackout causes great concern for atmospheric cruise vehicles, ballistic missiles, and reentry vehicles, there have been many proposed approaches to solving the problem. This paper overviews aerodynamic design methodologies, for which the required technologies are only now being realized, which may allow for uninterrupted transmission through a plasma sheath. The severity of the signal attenuation is dependent on vehicle configuration, trajectory, flightpath, and mission.
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Beeravolu, Nagendrakumar. "Pattern Recognition of Power Systems Voltage Stability Using Real Time Simulations". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1279.
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The basic idea deals with detecting the voltage collapse ahead of time to provide the operators a lead time for remedial actions and for possible prevention of blackouts. To detect cases of voltage collapse, we shall create methods using pattern recognition in conjunction with real time simulation of case studies and shall develop heuristic methods for separating voltage stable cases from voltage unstable cases that result in response to system contingencies and faults. Using Real Time Simulator in Entergy-UNO Power & Energy Research Laboratory, we shall simulate several contingencies on IEEE 39-Bus Test System and compile the results in two categories of stable and unstable voltage cases. The second stage of the proposed work mainly deals with the study of different patterns of voltage using artificial neural networks. The final stage deals with the training of the controllers in order to detect stability of power system in advance.
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Alramlawi, Mansour [Verfasser], Georg Akademischer Betreuer] Frey, Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bretschneider y Pu [Gutachter] Li. "Model-based optimization of PV-based microgrids considering grid blackout and battery lifetime / Mansour Alramlawi ; Gutachter: Pu Li ; Georg Frey, Peter Bretschneider". Ilmenau : TU Ilmenau, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239050178/34.
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Eriksson, Kjell. "HPM-vapen vs. kommersiell UAV". Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-6273.
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Detta arbete i militärteknik studerar om högeffektpulsad mikrovågsstrålning kan uppnå verkan mot kommersiella UAV. Analysen genomförs på två olika icke-dödliga HPM-vapen. Data hämtas från ett scenario där vapenverkan innebär hög risk för skada på tredje man. En Försvarsmaktsstudie har konstaterat att Luftvärnsbataljon saknar förmåga att verka mot små UAV.Dagsaktuell kunskap har inhämtats om scenariots miljö samt från forskning och industri genom studiebesök. Inhämtad kunskap har möjliggjort en logisk-matematisk parameterstudie på ett scenario med militärtekniskt perspektiv. Analysens slutsatser är att kommersiella UAV innehar låg skyddsnivå, att beslut om insats underlättas i alla miljöer och att en elektronisk sköld i form av HPM-vapen skyddar en stor volym samtidigt. HPM-vapen kan inte som ensamt vapensystem stå för skydd och uppnå säkerställd verkan mot kommersiell UAV. HPM-vapen kan däremot komplettera övriga verkanssystem och göra luftförsvaret starkare genom system av system. HPM-vapen kan bidra till att minska ett befintligt förmågeglapp mot kommersiella UAV.This paper in military technology discusses whether high power microwaves can affect commercial UAVs. Two non-lethal HPM-weapons are analyzed. The data is collected from a scenario where there is a high risk for collateral damage. A Swedish Armed Forces study stated that the Air Defence Battalion lacks ability to affect small UAVs. The latest knowledge is obtained from the environment in the scenario, from research and from the industry. This knowledge has enabled a logical-mathematical parametric study on the scenario within a military perspective. The result of the study is the assessment that commercial UAVs are assessed to have low protection factor, facilitates decision to act in all environments and provides an electronic shield protection of a large surface at the same time. HPM-weapons can´t stand as a single system for protection against commercial UAVs and achieve guaranteed effect. However, HPM-weapons can complement other weapon systems and thus make the air defense stronger through systems of systems. HPM-weapons can reduce the capability deficiency against commercial UAVs.
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Mackall, Dale A., Robert Sakahara y Steven E. Kremer. "THE X-33 EXTENDED FLIGHT TEST RANGE". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609678.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaDevelopment of an extended test range, with range instrumentation providing continuous vehicle communications, is required to flight-test the X-33, a scaled version of a reusable launch vehicle. The extended test range provides vehicle communications coverage from California to landing at Montana or Utah. This paper provides an overview of the approaches used to meet X-33 program requirements, including using multiple ground stations, and methods to reduce problems caused by reentry plasma radio frequency blackout. The advances used to develop the extended test range show other hypersonic and access-to-space programs can benefit from the development of the extended test range.
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Krchová, Eva. "Analýza dopadů větrné energie na hospodaření ČEPSu a dopad rozvojových investic firmy ČEPS na českou ekonomiku". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192966.
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The aim of master thesis is to analyze the impact of electricity generation from wind on investment activities of CEPS's company, and also to assess the impact of these investments on the Czech economy. The work familiarizes readers with reasons for the development of the transmission system in the Czech Republic, with the concept of blackout and also with apparatus of assessing the impact of investment on the economy of the selected state -- input-output model analysis. The method used to obtain data for this work is based on the literature review, as well as expert advice on the input-output model, consultation with the experts in CEPS and the data provided by them. The theoretical part deals with Czech transmission system, and it is followed by the development of wind energy construction and the problems associated with it, with blackout and readiness of the Czech Republic to the possible failure in electricity supply. In the practical part, there are measures that are built in order to prevent the risk of blackouts in the Czech Republic, there is a more detailed examination of the Plan of development and rehabilitation of Czech transmission system, and there is also described the process of construction of analytical input-output apparatus for analyzing the impact of CEPS's development investments on the Czech economy, approximated by GDP.
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Pisani, Angela Paulina Grandeaux. "ESTUDO DE CORTINAS BLACK-OUT COMO COMPONENTES NO ISOLAMENTO SONORO DE FACHADAS". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7708.
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Buildings which have high levels of sound pollution and facades that do not isolate
outside noise are often found in large cities. This situation affects people s sound comfort and
health. In connection with that, there is the high cost of materials which offer good sound
reduction indices. This way, it is necessary to investigate alternative materials at lower costs,
such as the blackout curtains. Taking these factors into consideration, the aim of this study is
to examine the increase of sound isolation index (Rw) in relation to outside noise, through the
use of vynil and polyester curtains in windows. The tests were carried out at the Acoustic
Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria. The results of the tests have shown the
performance of various curtains arrangements, resulting in a 2 to 5 dB increase in the sound
isolation index. Duplicating curtains enabled an increase of about 1 dB in relation to simple
curtains. There was no increase in the sound isolation index when overlapping the curtains.
Putting up glass wool panels of different thickness has not influenced in the facade sound
isolation. With this study, it has been possible to quantify the improvement of facades sound
isolation by putting up blackout curtains currently in the market.Nas grandes cidades, encontram-se freqüentemente edifícios submetidos a elevados níveis de poluição sonora, cujas fachadas não isolam adequadamente o ruído externo, situação esta que traz conseqüências para o conforto sonoro e para a saúde dos indivíduos. Associado a isto, está o alto custo dos materiais que apresentam bons índices de redução sonora, havendo a necessidade de se estudarem materiais alternativos, com custos menos elevados, como é o caso das cortinas black-out. Levando-se em conta estes fatores, o objetivo deste trabalho é averiguar o acréscimo no índice de isolamento sonoro a ruídos externos, gerado pela colocação de cortinas de vinil e de poliéster, sobrepostas a um elemento de fachada. Os ensaios foram realizados no laboratório do Setor de Acústica da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. A partir dos resultados dos ensaios verificou-se o desempenho de várias composições de cortinas, obtendo-se um aumento de 2 à 5 dB no índice de isolamento sonoro. A duplicação das cortinas possibilitou um aumento em torno de 1 dB, em relação às cortinas simples. Não houve alteração no índice de isolamento sonoro com o transpasse das cortinas. A colocação de painéis de lã de vidro de diferentes espessuras pouco influenciou no isolamento sonoro da fachada. A partir deste trabalho, pôde-se quantificar qual a melhoria no isolamento sonoro das fachadas propiciada pela colocação de cortinas black-out à disposição no mercado.
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Nguyen, Dang Toan. "Contribution à l'analyse et à la prévention des blackouts de réseaux électriques". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00352414.
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Le réseau électrique joue un rôle important en tant qu'infrastructure majeure dans chaque pays. Toutefois, avec l'accroissement de la pression économique et environnementale, les systèmes électriques deviennent plus étendus, plus complexes et fonctionnant plus près de leur limite de stabilité. Les blackouts de réseau électrique qui se sont produits dans le monde ces dernières années sont la conséquence de cette situation. Cette thèse a pour objectif de fournir des solutions permettant de prévenir les blackouts de réseaux électriques. Une analyse des phénomènes de blackouts passés est tout d'abord proposée afin de comprendre leurs principales causes et leurs mécanismes. Sur la base de cette analyse, il est établi que les principales causes de blackouts sont directement liées aux problèmes de la stabilité, tels que la stabilité angulaire et la stabilité de tension. Afin de pouvoir prévenir les pannes du réseau causées par les problèmes de stabilité, une nouvelle approche énergétique fondée sur l'utilisation des gramiens de commandabilité et d'observabilité a été proposée. La méthode permet la meilleure sélection de contrôleurs/capteurs afin de pouvoir améliorer l'amortissement des oscillations électriques. Les résultats pourraient être appliqués à grande échelle aux systèmes électriques, afin de construire une nouvelle structure de commande robuste. Dans ce mémoire, cette approche énergétique a également été appliquée afin de maîtriser la stabilité transitoire. Il s'agit d'une méthode heuristique utilisant le gramien de commandabilité comme moyen de choisir les générateurs qui sont utilisés pour replanifier la production d'électricité afin d'améliorer la stabilité transitoire de plus en plus critique lors d'un blackout. Enfin, les principaux facteurs influençant l'écroulement de tension ont été pris en compte à long terme grâce à une approche par simulation dynamique. Une stratégie de contrôle préventif fondée sur un « power flow » optimal a été également proposée. Du point de vue de la prévention, le problème du délestage de charges en cas de sous-tension a été discuté et évalué.
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Kallunki, J. (Jenni). "Corporate insiders’ personal characteristics and insider trading". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222776.
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Abstract Many studies explore how firm-level characteristics affect the returns that corporate insiders earn when they trade the stocks of their own firms, but little is known about the role of insiders’ personal characteristics. This dissertation contributes to the literature by expanding our understanding of how corporate insiders’ personal characteristics affect their decisions to exploit private information in insider trading. The first essay of the dissertation examines whether insiders who have shown noncompliance with the tax law are more prone to exploit their information advantage in insider trading than other insiders. Our empirical results from analyzing archival data of all insider trades in Sweden show that the noncompliant insiders use more of their information advantage to trade their insider stocks shortly before significant stock price changes than other insiders. The second essay explores why insiders engage in informed insider trading, given the surprisingly small average insider returns reported in the literature and the potential costs involved. Using archival data of corporate insiders in Sweden, we show that less wealthy insiders are more likely to time their insider selling, and sell in greater magnitudes, prior to abnormal price declines than wealthy insiders. We also find that less-wealthy insiders with lower risk-aversion as measured by their criminal behavior are particularly prone to timing their selling to avoid price declines. The third essay examines what type of insiders are willing to violate their own company’s restrictions on insider trading by trading on their private information during blackout periods when the firm prohibits trading by its insiders. Using archival data of corporate insiders in Finland, I find that less-wealthy insiders avoid economically significant insider losses by selling their insider stocks during the prohibited blackout period. These insider sales also predict negative earnings surprisesTiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja laajentaa aikaisempaa tutkimuskirjallisuutta tarkastelemalla, miten yritysten sisäpiiriläisten henkilökohtaiset ominaisuudet vaikuttavat sisäpiirin kaupankäynnin tuottoihin. Väitöskirjan ensimmäisessä osatutkimuksessa tutkitaan, voidaanko sisäpiirin kaupankäynnin tuottoja selittää sisäpiiriläisten verottajalta saamien hallinnollisten sanktioiden avulla. Osatutkimuksen empiiristen tulosten mukaan verottajalta hallinnollisia sanktioita saaneet sisäpiiriläiset ansaitsevat merkittävästi suurempia sisäpiirin kaupankäynnin tuottoja kuin muut sisäpiiriläiset. Aikaisemmissa tutkimuksissa havaitut sisäpiirin kaupankäynnin tuotot vaikuttavat verrattain pieniltä, kun huomioidaan sisäpiiritiedon hyödyntämiseen liittyvä maine- ja juridinen riski. Toisessa osatutkimuksessa tutkitaan, miksi jotkut sisäpiiriläiset kuitenkin päättävät hyödyntää sisäpiiritietoaan käydessään kauppaa yhtiöidensä osakkeilla. Tulosten mukaan matalamman varallisuuden sisäpiiriläiset ajoittavat osakemyyntinsä todennäköisemmin ennen osakekurssien laskuja kuin korkeamman varallisuuden sisäpiiriläiset. Tämä tulos on erityisen vahva sellaisten matalamman varallisuuden sisäpiiriläisten joukossa, jotka ovat erityisen riskihakuisia henkilökohtaisilla rikostuomioilla mitattuna. Väitöskirjan kolmannessa osatutkimuksessa tutkitaan, millaiset sisäpiiriläiset eivät noudata yhtiöidensä asettamia rajoituksia sisäpiirin kaupankäynnille vaan hyödyntävät sisäpiiritietoaan käymällä kauppaa ns. suljetun ikkunan aikana, jolloin yhtiön asettamat rajoitukset kieltävät sisäpiirin kaupankäynnin. Tämän osatutkimuksen empiirisen tulosten mukaan matalamman varallisuuden sisäpiiriläiset ansaitsevat suljetun ikkunan aikana toteuttamillaan osakemyynneillä merkittävästi suurempia tuottoja kuin muut sisäpiiriläiset. Matalamman varallisuuden sisäpiiriläisten suljetun ikkunan aikana toteuttamat osakemyynnit myös ennustavat yrityksen julkistamaa tulevaa negatiivista tulosyllätystä
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Veselý, Jakub. "Účinnost odvodu tepla parního generátoru JE Dukovany při nízkých hladinách". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318685.
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The goal of this thesis is to simulate the course of events during Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant blackout and to determine the optimal process of cooling down the cold branches of the primary circuit loops to secure the maximum amount of the primary fuel needed for the residual heat outlet so that the operating staff has as much time as possible for renewing the electric power supply. The first part of the thesis describes nuclear power plants built in the Czech Republic and in the world as well as reactor blocks whose construction is being considered. The detailed description of Dukovany’s steam generator is shared in chapter three. Following chapter summarizes blackouts that occurred at power plants around the world, events that might have led to blackouts in the Czech Republic, and it also describes current approach to blackout problematics at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. Chapters six and seven contain the core of the thesis. That includes detailed description of a mathematical model explaining the behaviour of a reactor block during blackout as well as the analysis of the results found.
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Holmgren, Åke J. "Quantitative vulnerability analysis of electric power networks". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Transporter och samhällsekonomi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3969.
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Disturbances in the supply of electric power can have serious implications for everyday life as well as for national (homeland) security. A power outage can be initiated by natural disasters, adverse weather, technical failures, human errors, sabotage, terrorism, and acts of war. The vulnerability of a system is described as a sensitivity to threats and hazards, and is measured by P (Q(t) > q), i.e. the probability of at least one disturbance with negative societal consequences Q larger than some critical value q, during a given period of time (0,t]. The aim of the thesis is to present methods for quantitative vulnerability analysis of electric power delivery networks to enable effective strategies for prevention, mitigation, response, and recovery to be developed. Paper I provides a framework for vulnerability assessment of infrastructure systems. The paper discusses concepts and perspectives for developing a methodology for vulnerability analysis, and gives examples related to power systems. Paper II analyzes the vulnerability of power delivery systems by means of statistical analysis of Swedish disturbance data. It is demonstrated that the size of large disturbances follows a power law, and that the occurrence of disturbances can be modeled as a Poisson process. Paper III models electric power delivery systems as graphs. Statistical measures for characterizing the structure of two empirical transmission systems are calculated, and a structural vulnerability analysis is performed, i.e. a study of the connectivity of the graph when vertices and edges are disabled. Paper IV discusses the origin of power laws in complex systems in terms of their structure and the dynamics of disturbance propagation. A branching process is used to model the structure of a power distribution system, and it is shown that the disturbance size in this analytical network model follows a power law. Paper V shows how the interaction between an antagonist and the defender of a power system can be modeled as a game. A numerical example is presented, and it is studied if there exists a dominant defense strategy, and if there is an optimal allocation of resources between protection of components, and recovery.QC 20100831
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Schubert, Daniel Kurt Josef, Thomas Meyer, Selasinsky Alexander von, Adriane Schmidt, Sebastian Thuß, Niels Erdmann y Mark Erndt. "Der Stromausfall in München". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-175821.
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Mit dem Forschungsprojekt wurde das Ziel verfolgt, den Einfluss des Münchner Stromausfalls im Winter 2012 auf die Zahlungsbereitschaft für Versorgungssicherheit sowie auf die Akzeptanz für Erneuerbare Energien zu untersuchen. Das Ausfallereignis in München bot sich in besonderer Weise für eine Untersuchung an, da etwa die Hälfte des Stadtgebiets betroffen war, sodass eine Trennung nach beeinträchtigten und nicht-beeinträchtigen Haushalten aus einer nahezu homogenen Stichprobe ermöglicht wurde.
Im Zentrum der Untersuchung steht eine repräsentative Bevölkerungsumfrage, die zwei Monate nach dem Ausfallereignis durchgeführt wurde. Dazu wurden über das Telefonlabor der Technischen Universität Dresden 526 Personen aus Münchner Privathaushalten befragt.
Nach unseren Befunden beeinflusst eine kleine Versorgungsunterbrechung, wie in München, die Einstellung hinsichtlich der Erneuerbaren Energien nur unwesentlich. Allerdings können wir mit Hilfe der kontingenten Bewertungsmethode einen signifikanten Einfluss des Ausfalls auf die Zahlungsbereitschaft für eine sichere Versorgung nachweisen.
Darüber ergeben sich aus unserer Studie Erkenntnisse für die Umsetzung der Energiewende: Beispielsweise wurde der Wert für die letzte gelieferte Kilowattstunde Strom (Value of Lost Load), das Last-Abschaltpotenzial von Haushalten sowie die Akzeptanz der Höhe der EEG-Umlage ermittelt.
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BONGERMINO, COSTANTINO. "A STAMP–based Methodology Enabling the Human Factors Integration into the Design Process for Safer Ships". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1056702.
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The increasing of ships complexity is an everyday evidence and more and more tasks, traditionally carried out by crew members, are now managed and executed by the on board automation systems. This research has the aim of modeling the relation among human operators and automation system in order to enhance the whole ship safety. In particular, a methodology will be selected and its suitability for the purpose will be assessed to provide a tool for the ship design decision making process.
When addressing safety of very complex systems the cause-effect principle and the linear propagation of failures are not appropriate neither exhaustive inferring models anymore, since safety needs to be necessarily addressed considering its real essence, i.e. an emergent property of the system. In fact, complex systems have the characteristic of being intractable in the sense that not all their behaviours can be easily predicted. This is due to the dichotomy between the so called blunt end and sharp end domains, inherently more pronounced in complex systems and due to the unknowns that are not predictable neither evident during the design stage. In this perspective, an appropriate and innovative safety paradigm is necessary in order to take into consideration, among other aspects, the new human operators’ role in complex systems. In fact, the intense presence of automation on board ships has radically changed the traditional tasks allocation and the way of performing them. Even if many simple and repetitive tasks are more and more in charge of automation, the complex tasks and the related higher responsibilities remain very often assigned to human operators. Designers should be able to consider this relevant change of human operators’ role in the system since the preliminary design phase, investing their resources on the development of a human-centered design.
Complex ship design needs to rely on a systemic and systematic approach. Then, in this research System-Theoretic Accident Model Process (STAMP) has been selected and investigated as a suitable methodology that can allow design teams to effectively integrate the so called Human Factors into the ship design process. It has been already used in other complex technology fields, such as aviation, defense, healthcare with successful results. It is a causality model based on Systems Theory and it considers accidents as the result of an inadequate enforcement of safety constraints. The systemic and systematic approach is supported by the Safety Control Structure, that is a hierarchical system model where also the social and organizational layers can be represented. The STAMP accident model has four tools: one is reactive, the others are proactive. The reactive one is called CAST (Causal Analysis based on STAMP), while the second category is composed of STECA (Systems-Theoretic Early Concept Analysis), STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis) and STPA-Sec (Systems-Theoretic Early Concept Analysis - Security). CAST and STPA applications have been carried out in the maritime context in order to verify that STAMP approach is applicable for ship design.
CAST has been applied to two ship accidents: the Herald of Free Enterprise and the Costa Concordia. It provides a framework to understand the entire accident process and identifies systemic causal factors related to both the organizational and technical system elements, spotting weakness in the existing safety control structure. In this perspective, the application of CAST to the above mentioned ship accidents has proven its effectiveness also in the maritime field to assess the complex influence of human factors into the ship safety control structure. CAST analysis output is the generation of recommendations with the aim of avoiding similar accidents in the future.
Then, the focus has been shifted towards the proactive tool STPA. It consists of the following steps: identify system hazards; draw functional control structure; identify unsafe control actions; identify accident scenarios; formulate decisions and recommendations. In this research, an application case has been developed considering a large passenger ship and the specific hazard of dead ship condition (energy blackout). In fact, in case of navigation close to the shore or to another vessel and/or of heavy weather condition, this situation might rapidly evolve into a ship loss. In order to better characterize the human operator’s features and peculiarities, an innovative human mental model (improvement of a mental model already existing in literature) has been implemented in the safety control structure. It has proven to be useful to consider the concept of human performance variation in the design phases. Considering that performance variation could reveal both as a hazard or as a resilience strengthening element, the outcome of this STPA application consists of a set of recommendations focused on adding value to the on board humans operators’ role for enhancing the whole system resilience. In this perspective, specific recommendations have been identified as outcomes of the application case, focused on the improvement of human operator-automation interaction, aimed to the ship blackout avoidance.
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Schupbach, S. Scott. "Situational Demonstratives in Blackfoot". University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/270993.
Texto completoResumen
Previous analyses of Blackfoot’s demonstrative system by Uhlenbeck (1938), Taylor (1969), and Frantz (1971, 2009) share the same tendency to conflate the meanings of different functions of demonstratives into one overly broad meaning. I address this problem by analyzing only the situational uses of demonstratives in 25 stories from Uhlenbeck (1912) and additional data from Uhlenbeck (1938). My solution is built upon the framework outlined in Imai’s (2003) cross-linguistic study of spatial deixis and informed by the typological demonstrative studies of Dixon (2003) and Diessel (1999). I argue that Blackfoot’s demonstrative system encodes features of Imai’s four parameters: anchor, spatial demarcation, referent/region configuration and function.
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Courteille, Hermann. "Étude statistique de la dynamique des blackouts électriques". Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2118.
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Dans cette thèse, nous cherchons à caractériser et modéliser la dynamique des grandes pannes ( appelées «blackouts») sur les réseaux électriques. Des travaux récents (Dobson et al, par exemple) ont montré la présence de mémoire longue dans l'amplitude des pannes sans prendre en compte explicitement le fait que ces blackouts apparaissent à des temps irréguliers. Nous développons dans ce manuscrit trois méthodes permettant d'estimer le paramètre de longue mémoire lorsque le processus est échantillonné irrégulièrement dans le temps. Ce travail a nécessité une étude numérique des propriétés à distance finie de différents estimateurs classiques du paramètre de longue mémoire sur des processus à valeurs positives. Nous appliquons ces méthodes aux données de pannes américaines sur un horizon de temps plus large (1984 à 2008) ainsi que sur des séries issues d'un modèle de réseau où l'on a intégré différentes stratégies de réparation et de maintenance. On montre ainsi que la dynamique des blackouts sur le réseau américain présente de la longue mémoire et que le délai d'amélioration du réseau peut être à l'origine de celle-ci. Dans la seconde partie de la thèse, nous prenons en compte l'aspect non stationnaire de certaines séries qui présentent une alternance de périodes de fortes et de faibles activités. Nous développons une classe de processus ponctuels dont l'intensité est périodique ou log-périodique. Pour cette classe de processus, nous mettons en œuvre un algorithme de simulation et nous développons des méthodes d'estimation paramétrique et semi-paramétrique. L'application aux données du réseau électrique américain montre le caractère log-périodique des pannesIn this thesis, we characterize and model the dynamics of large failures (called "blackouts") on electrical power grid. Recent studies (Dobson & al 2003) have shown the presence of long memory in the amplitude of failures without taking into account irregular sampling of data. We develop in this manuscript three methods for estimating the long memory parameter when the process is sampled irregularly in time. This work required a numerical study of the properties at finite distance from various classical estimators of the long memory parameter on processes with positive values. We apply these methods to blackouts series on the U. S. Power grid from 1984 to 2008 as well as series coming from a network model where different strategies of improvement and maintenance have been integrated. We confirm, over a longer period of time, that the dynamics of blackouts contains long memory and that the delay to improve the network can explain this phenomenon. In the second part of the thesis, we consider the occurrence of some non-stationary series which have alternating periods of high and low activity. We study a class of point processes whose intensity is either periodic or log-periodic. For this class of processes, we develop a simulation algorithm and methods to estimate them : parametric and semi-parametric ones. An application to US blackout data was conducted showing a log-periodicty effect
40
Schubert, Daniel Kurt Josef, Thomas Meyer, Selasinsky Alexander von, Adriane Schmidt, Sebastian Thuß, Niels Erdmann y Mark Erndt. "Der Stromausfall in München". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-117777.
Texto completoResumen
Mit dem Forschungsprojekt wurde das Ziel verfolgt, den Einfluss des Münchner Stromausfalls im Winter 2012 auf die Zahlungsbereitschaft für Versorgungssicherheit sowie auf die Akzeptanz für Erneuerbare Energien zu untersuchen. Das Ausfallereignis in München bot sich in besonderer Weise für eine Untersuchung an, da etwa die Hälfte des Stadtgebiets betroffen war, sodass eine Trennung nach beeinträchtigten und nicht-beeinträchtigen Haushalten aus einer nahezu homogenen Stichprobe ermöglicht wurde.
Im Zentrum der Untersuchung steht eine repräsentative Bevölkerungsumfrage, die zwei Monate nach dem Ausfallereignis durchgeführt wurde. Dazu wurden über das Telefonlabor der Technischen Universität Dresden 526 Personen aus Münchner Privathaushalten befragt.
Nach unseren Befunden beeinflusst eine kleine Versorgungsunterbrechung, wie in München, die Einstellung hinsichtlich der Erneuerbaren Energien nur unwesentlich. Allerdings können wir mit Hilfe der kontingenten Bewertungsmethode einen signifikanten Einfluss des Ausfalls auf die Zahlungsbereitschaft für eine sichere Versorgung nachweisen.
Darüber ergeben sich aus unserer Studie Erkenntnisse für die Umsetzung der Energiewende: Beispielsweise wurde der Wert für die letzte gelieferte Kilowattstunde Strom (Value of Lost Load), das Last-Abschaltpotenzial von Haushalten sowie die Akzeptanz der Höhe der EEG-Umlage ermittelt.
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Bobeck, Erik. "Handelsförbudet för insynspersoner : En analys av art. 19 p. 11 MAR och dess funktionalitet". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148796.
Texto completoResumen
Insiderlagstiftning är ett lagstiftningsområde som de senaste decennierna kraftigt utvecklats i de flesta rättssystem. Insiderlagstiftning består oftast utav en komplex samling lagregler och inte sällan finns det i samlingen bestämmelser specifikt gällande för personer med insynsställning i börsnoterade bolag. I EU-rättslig och i svensk rätt har det genom åren figurerat flera olika varianter av insiderregleringar. Därmed har också de specifika bestämmelserna för insynspersoner varierat. Nuvarande bestämmelse för insynspersoner regleras i art. 19 p. 11 MAR, där det stadgas att dessa insynspersoner är förbjudna att utföra några transaktioner kopplat till det egna bolagets aktie under en period om 30 dagar före bolagets offentliggörande av en finansiell rapport. Regeln syftar till att försöka utjämna det informationsövertag insynspersoner har jämtemot andra investerare genom att förhindra insynspersoner från att utföra transaktioner under vissa tidsperioder, då icke-offentliggjord bolagsinformation kan ha ett stort monetärt värde. Det kan ifrågasättas om den nuvarande regleringen i art. 19 p. 11 MAR är utformad effektivt eller om den är i behov av förändring för att på bättre sätt uppfylla dess syfte. Inom det amerikanska, federala rättssystemet används det parallellt flera alternativa bestämmelser för att försöka stävja samma sak som regeln i art. 19 p. 11 MAR syftar till att göra. I uppsatsen visas tre exempel på alternativa regleringar från den amerikanska rätten, som alla syftar till att minska insiderhandeln. I uppsatsen påvisas att den nuvarande regleringen i art. 19 p. 11 MAR brister i dess utformning, då den nuvarande lydelsen kvarlämnar möjligheter för insynspersoner att undslippa bestämmelsen. För att minska risken för att insynspersoner utnyttjar bristerna i regleringen torde regleringens utformning förändras. För att vidare minska riskerna för att insiderhandel begås av personer i ledande ställningar torde också nämnda reglering kompletteras med ytterligare bestämmelser.
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Petkar, Sanjiv. "New perspectives on the diagnosis and misdiagnosis in blackouts". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/new-perspectives-on-the-diagnosis-and-misdiagnosis-in-blackouts(22c6c15c-9039-4efb-8dbd-3a9d6c7c3cde).html.
Texto completoResumen
Patients presenting with an abrupt loss of postural control are commonly said to have had ‘collapse?cause’. This is a common presentation, accounting for up to 6% of emergency department cases, and 3% of hospital admissions. However, collapse?cause is a ‘catch-all’ term and there are many different causes which include falls, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, road traffic accidents, metabolic abnormalities, intoxication, and transient loss of consciousness, (TLOC or ‘blackout’). A majority of patients fall into the latter category. Where TLOC has occurred, the causes are syncope, epilepsy and psychogenic blackouts. The clinical features of these three conditions can often be similar, albeit with subtle differences. A wide variation exists in the way such patients are assessed, investigated and managed, who manages them and where. There is an absence of simple clinical tools for assessment, poor risk stratification, inappropriate and overuse of investigations. Hospitalisation is often unnecessary and misdiagnoses are common. In this thesis, the problem of TLOC has been addressed in four projects. Section 1 (Chapter II): reports a simple new risk stratification scheme for patients presenting with TLOC, assessed in a specialist nurse lead, cardiologist supervised (SP), Rapid Access Blackouts Triage Clinic - RABTC. Frequently, after triage, a patient may be deemed to be at low risk, but blackouts continue, the cause remains unclear, and conventional tests, have been unhelpful. In Chapter III, we describe the option of investigating such patients by long term (up to 3 years) ECG monitoring using an implantable loop recorder (ILR). In order to address the specific question of misdiagnosis of epilepsy where convulsive syncope might be the true diagnosis, the REVISE Study- REVeal in the Investigation of Syncope and Epilepsy was undertaken, which is described in Chapter IV. Lastly, convulsive syncope is the likely explanation for a misdiagnosis in patients diagnosed with epilepsy, but the incidence of cardiac disease in patients with brain injury and epilepsy is unknown. Therefore a cohort of patients in a residential epilepsy centre was studied. In this setting, residents typically had a history of brain injury and suffered from recurrent epileptic seizures. The findings of cardiology assessment are presented in Section 4 (Chapter V).
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Formigli, Rodriguez Carlos Manuel <1976>. "Vulnerability and robustness indices against blackouts in power grids". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6502/1/Formigli_Carlos_tesi.pdf.
Texto completoResumen
In this dissertation some novel indices for vulnerability and robustness assessment of power grids are presented. Such indices are mainly defined from the structure of transmission power grids, and with the aim of Blackout (BO) prevention and mitigation. Numerical experiments showing how they could be used alone or in coordination with pre-existing ones to reduce the effects of BOs are discussed.
These indices are introduced inside 3 different sujects:
The first subject is for taking a look into economical aspects of grids’ operation and their effects in BO propagation. Basically, simulations support that: the determination to operate the grid in the most profitable way could produce an increase in the size or frequency of BOs. Conversely, some uneconomical ways of supplying energy are shown to be less affected by BO phenomena.
In the second subject new topological indices are devised to address the question of "which are the best buses to place distributed generation?".
The combined use of two indices, is shown as a promising
alternative for extracting grid’s significant features regarding robustness against BOs and distributed generation.
For this purpose, a new index based on outage shift factors is used along with a previously defined electric centrality index.
The third subject is on Static Robustness Analysis of electric networks, from a purely structural point of view.
A pair of existing topological indices, (namely degree index
and clustering coefficient), are combined to show how degradation of the network structure can be accelerated.
Blackout simulations were carried out using the DC Power Flow Method and models of transmission networks from the USA and Europe.
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Formigli, Rodriguez Carlos Manuel <1976>. "Vulnerability and robustness indices against blackouts in power grids". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6502/.
Texto completoResumen
In this dissertation some novel indices for vulnerability and robustness assessment of power grids are presented. Such indices are mainly defined from the structure of transmission power grids, and with the aim of Blackout (BO) prevention and mitigation. Numerical experiments showing how they could be used alone or in coordination with pre-existing ones to reduce the effects of BOs are discussed.
These indices are introduced inside 3 different sujects:
The first subject is for taking a look into economical aspects of grids’ operation and their effects in BO propagation. Basically, simulations support that: the determination to operate the grid in the most profitable way could produce an increase in the size or frequency of BOs. Conversely, some uneconomical ways of supplying energy are shown to be less affected by BO phenomena.
In the second subject new topological indices are devised to address the question of "which are the best buses to place distributed generation?".
The combined use of two indices, is shown as a promising
alternative for extracting grid’s significant features regarding robustness against BOs and distributed generation.
For this purpose, a new index based on outage shift factors is used along with a previously defined electric centrality index.
The third subject is on Static Robustness Analysis of electric networks, from a purely structural point of view.
A pair of existing topological indices, (namely degree index
and clustering coefficient), are combined to show how degradation of the network structure can be accelerated.
Blackout simulations were carried out using the DC Power Flow Method and models of transmission networks from the USA and Europe.
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Osborn, Douglas M. "Seamless Level 2 / Level 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Event Tree Analysis". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1372524956.
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Solymossy, Diana Sun. "High-tech, low-tech, no-tech: communications strategies during blackouts". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/39020.
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CHDS State/LocalApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited
How do emergency managers communicate vital life-safety information when disaster strikes and the power goes out, sometimes for extended periods? Time and again, our power grid, aging and stretched beyond its intended capacity, has experienced failures. Power outages can quickly shift from being annoying to deadlyespecially when temperatures are extremeparticularly for elderly and other vulnerable populations. Emergency managers will be able to use the findings of this research to communicate critical information to the community, even in the direst circumstances, without relying on a techno-fix. A structured focused comparison of three disasters revealed that a high-tech, low-tech, no-tech framework can be implemented successfully and inexpensively. Throughout the three disasters studied, communications methods in the high-tech, low-tech, and no-tech areas were successful in communicating with the public. The thesis recommends that every community be prepared with this three-pronged approach. To go a step further, the study recommends that FEMA consider incorporating the high-low-no-tech approach into its COOP (Continuity of Operations Plan) template, which currently assumes that communications systemsphones, Internet, email, two-way radioswill be operational within 12 hours of activation, an optimistic assumption. A sample implementation plan with cost estimates is included.
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Wendpaap, Magnus. "BlackOut". Thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29027.
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Wang, Wei-Jen y 王威人. "Creation Description of "The Blackout Village"". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79907460680750747388.
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碩士世新大學
廣播電視電影學研究所(含碩專班)
98
The short film “The Blackout Village” is about the social phenomenon of cables stealing whose idea is from the real news in Taiwan. In the script, a man with ugly burned face who worked for electric power company leads us to find out the secrets of cables that dissappeared. The film is shot by using 16mm camera in the village of Taiwan called Xi Bao and has been finished during 12 days. The creation description includes statement of creation, references discussing review, analysis of story structure, styles and aesthetics and methods. The author wishes that all the analysis and descriptions could be completed from orginal concept to realization.
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Tuma, Mary S. "Blackout : did mainstream media censor SOPA coverage?" Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-08-6348.
Texto completoResumen
It is imperative the public be made aware of major media policy decisions to help take part in and shape the industry that they rely on to be an informed citizenry in a democracy. However, in an increasingly concentrated media landscape where fewer owners control our channels of information and reign over a vast array of holdings, the system is firmly positioned to conceal or marginalize policy stories that negatively affect its business interests. This study explores mainstream TV news coverage of the controversial Stop Online Piracy Act or SOPA– legislation proposed to reduce counterfeit purchases online that came under fire from critics for potentially threatening the fabric of free expression on the Internet. By asking, “How much attention did major television news networks whose parent companies supported SOPA devote to the bill during their nightly broadcasts?” and “How much attention did major television news networks whose parent companies supported SOPA devote to the bill during their nightly broadcasts after the Internet Blackout protesting the Act?” it finds those networks whose parent companies sought to benefit from the Act’s passage failed to report on the legislation at crucial times before and after the SOPA debate. The results largely fall in line with the mainstream media– namely the broadcast industry’s– historical self-censorship of significant media policy stories.text
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BÖHM, Pavel. "Blackout a jeho dopad na záchranou zdravotnickou službu". Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-53617.
Texto completoResumen
At present, due to the use of different technologies, it is hard to think of any human activity that does not demand electric power. It is necessary to be prepared for of large-scale long-term blackouts. Possible scenarios of the occurrence of such a crisis situation must be analyzed and the crisis management must be prepared; primarily to minimize the impact on the lives and health of the population, their property and also natural environment. The objective of the thesis was to identify the operational readiness of regional centers of Emergency Medical Services in the Czech Republic for the possibility of blackouts and to create a survey of power supply possibilities to the operating center of the Emergency Medical Services. The questionnaire was focused on the analysis of operational readiness of regional centers for total blackout, on the framework of their technical support in alternative energy production and its time sustainability. The documents analysis included a pattern plan of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Czech Republic and an operational plan for the occurrence of a crisis situation - large-scale electric power supply disturbances, and other internal regional documents concerning the situation during a blackout. The outcomes of the thesis can be used as a background material for the comparison of emergency blackout preparedness in international environment. They can be used to achieve certain standards in the field of sustainable alternative energy supply of Emergency Medical Services centers.