Artículos de revistas: "Blackout"

1

Fu, Dong, Song Gao, Zhenhong Yan, Hongye Wu, Xiaohu Xu y Kaili Xu. "Fault tree analysis of large-scale blackout accidents". E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801049.

Texto completo

Resumen

Fault tree analysis method is used to analyze the large-scale blackout accidents. Minimum cut sets and minimum path sets of large-scale blackout accidents are calculated, and the structural importance degree of the accidents is analyzed according to the minimum path sets. Direct factors that cause large-scale blackout accidents are determined. Effective measures are put forward to prevent large-scale blackouts, and the theoretical basis is put forward to prevent large-scale blackouts.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

2

Yu, Qun, Na Cao, Qilin Liu, Yuqing Qu y Yumin Zhang. "Self-Organized Criticality and Trend Analysis in Time Series of Blackouts for the China Power Grid". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (29 de agosto de 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3075935.

Texto completo

Resumen

This paper proposes effective evidence on the correlation between trend and self-organized criticality (SOC) of the power outage sequence in China. Taking the data series of blackouts from 1981 to 2014 in the China power grid as the research object, the method of V/S is introduced into the analysis of the power system blackout sequence to demonstrate their prominent long-time correlations. It also verifies the probability distribution of load loss about blackout size in the China power grid has a tail feature, which shows that the time series of blackouts in the China power grid is consistent with SOC. Meanwhile, a kind of mathematical statistics analysis is presented to prove that there is a seasonal trend of blackouts, and the blackout frequency and blackout size have not decreased over time but have an upward trend in the China power grid, thereby indicating that blackout risk may be increasing with time. The last 34 years’ data samples of power failure accidents in the China power grid are used to test the proposed method, and the numerical results show that the proposed self-organized criticality and trend analysis method can pave the way for further exploration of the mechanism of power failure in the China power grid.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

3

Fotis, Georgios, Vasiliki Vita y Theodoros I. Maris. "Risks in the European Transmission System and a Novel Restoration Strategy for a Power System after a Major Blackout". Applied Sciences 13, n.º 1 (21 de diciembre de 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010083.

Texto completo

Resumen

Many citizens of European countries may soon experience a long and extensive blackout. The lack of predictability in the output of renewable energy sources, aggravating the problem of consistently matching supply with demand on electric grids, along with cyber-attacks or even worse unpredictable incidents in the electric grid are some factors that may mean a blackout is much more likely than in previous years. This paper covers the possibility of an extensive blackout in a country of the interconnected European electricity transmission system or, even worse, a blackout in a wide area of the European continent. The topic of this paper becomes even more important and timely given the energy crisis due to the war in Ukraine, which has made the possibility of a blackout in the winter of 2022–2023 high. First, the major European blackouts that occurred in the past 20 years are presented, examining their causes. On 8 January 2021, the European electricity grid was divided into two separate sections, with different frequencies; some additional scenarios are considered which, if they had happened, could have led to blackouts in some European countries or, even worse, a wide area of Europe. This work also examines how to avoid such an eventuality, as well as how European TSOs should react in case a blackout occurs. Focused on the fast and reliable supply of consumers after a blackout, a novel restoration strategy based on the A* Algorithm is presented. Its efficiency is validated in the IEEE-39 and IEEE-68 bus systems.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

4

Bonar, Erin E., Jason E. Goldstick, Rebecca M. Cunningham, Anne C. Fernandez, Alan K. Davis, Mark A. Ilgen y Maureen A. Walton. "Individual and Social Factors Related to Trajectories of Blackouts among Underage Drinkers in the Emergency Department". Alcohol and Alcoholism 54, n.º 4 (4 de enero de 2019): 370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agy087.

Texto completo

Resumen

Abstract Aims Alcohol-related blackouts can result in acute injuries and other negative outcomes. Among underage risky drinkers, we examined longitudinal trajectories of blackout frequency following an emergency department (ED) visit, and identified baseline characteristics associated with blackout trajectory membership. Methods Participants (ages 14–20; N = 836) attending an ED who screened positive for risky drinking and enrolled in a randomized-controlled trial of brief alcohol interventions were assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months. We used group-based trajectory modeling to determine characteristic trajectories of blackout frequency over 12-months in relation to baseline characteristics: demographics, substance use, delinquency, depression/anxiety symptoms, sexual assault, dating violence, and peer and sibling influences. Results We identified four groups: No/Low blackouts (n = 248; 29.7%), Declining blackouts (n = 92; 11.0%), Moderate blackouts (n = 337; 40.3%) and High blackouts (n = 159; 19.0%); group membership did not differ based on intervention receipt. In adjusted analyses, compared to the No/Low group all other groups had higher odds of having an alcohol-related baseline ED visit. Female sex, alcohol consumption, prescription drug misuse, sexual assault while incapacitated due to substances, and negative peer influences were positively associated with membership in the High group; College/Greek life involvement was also highest. Negative peer influences and being in high school (vs. College/Greek life) also distinguished the Moderate group. Conclusion Blackout frequency was largely stable over time and riskier trajectories were marked by risk factors such as negative peer influences and college/Greek life involvement. Findings may inform targeted interventions, particularly for women who were in higher risk trajectories.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

5

Haes Alhelou, Hassan, Mohamad Hamedani-Golshan, Takawira Njenda y Pierluigi Siano. "A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges". Energies 12, n.º 4 (20 de febrero de 2019): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040682.

Texto completo

Resumen

Power systems are the most complex systems and have great importance in modern life. They have direct impacts on the modernization, economic, political and social aspects. To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control and protection techniques are required. However, modern systems are equipped with several protection schemes with the aim of avoiding the unpredicted events and power outages, power systems are still encountering emergency and mal-operation situations. The most severe emergencies put the whole or at least a part of the system in danger. If the emergency is not well managed, the power system is likely to have cascading failures that might lead to a blackout. Due to the consequences, many countries around the world have research and expert teams who work to avoid blackouts on their systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the major blackouts and cascading events that have occurred in the last decade are introduced. A particular focus is given on the US power system outages and their causes since it is one of the leading power producers in the world and it is also due to the ready availability of data for the past events. The paper also highlights the root causes of different blackouts around the globe. Furthermore, blackout and cascading analysis methods and the consequences of blackouts are surveyed. Moreover, the challenges in the existing protective schemes and research gaps in the topic of power system blackout and cascading events are marked out. Research directions and issues to be considered in future power system blackout studies are also proposed.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

6

Gropper, Catherine C. y Benjamin C. Anderson. "Sellout, Blackout, or Get Out". Journal of Sports Economics 19, n.º 4 (31 de agosto de 2016): 522–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002516661600.

Texto completo

Resumen

Prior to the 2012-2013 season, National Football League franchises had the option to significantly adjust their TV blackout policies for the first time since 1973. Using data from team policy choices and local TV blackouts during the 2007-2008 to 2014-2015 seasons, we examine whether the policy change was effective in reducing the probability of blackouts or affected attendance. Controlling for team fixed effects, we find no evidence that policy-adopting teams experienced significantly fewer blackouts or a change in attendance following the policy implementation. Our analysis sheds light on the economic factors that are correlated with local TV blackouts and game attendance.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

7

Jackson, Judith, David I. Donaldson y Benjamin Dering. "The morning after the night before: Alcohol-induced blackouts impair next day recall in sober young adults". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 5 (3 de mayo de 2021): e0250827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250827.

Texto completo

Resumen

Binge-drinking in adolescents and young adults is a widespread problem, however, an often unreported consequence of binge-drinking behaviour is an alcohol-induced memory blackout (MBO). An MBO is a transient amnesic event resulting from rapid, excessive alcohol consumption. Here, we examine the short-term impact of an alcohol-induced MBO event (testing < 20 hours after blackout) on memory performance in people who have experienced a high volume of MBOs. In addition, we aimed to test the hypothesis that people who experience a high volume of MBOs may have poorer recall than non-blackout controls in either sober or intoxicated states. Three episodic memory paradigms consisting of free recall, serial recall, and depth of encoding tasks, were conducted by a group of alcohol drinkers who had never experienced a memory blackout, and those who reported at least 9 in the preceding 12-months. Studies were completed sober and after alcohol by all participants, and sober but after blackout by the experimental group. Accuracy of recall was assessed with linear mixed effects modelling for all experiments and conditions. Recall rate both before and after alcohol consumption was similar between groups, with poorer recall after drinking alcohol by all participants in all three studies. After blackout, MBO participants showed no significant improvement from their intoxicated state in serial recall and depth of encoding tasks, but an improvement in free recall. Further analysis of these findings revealed that 10 out of 23 participants showed significantly impaired performance after blackout during free recall, extending up to 17 participants in serial recall. In general, alcohol reduced recall rate in both blackout and control participants similarly, but recall following MBO remained poor. Our evidence suggests that alcohol-induced blackouts impair memory functioning the next day, and future research should establish the duration of deficits after an acute alcohol-induced blackout episode.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

8

Mbuya, Benson H., Aleksandar Dimovski, Marco Merlo y Thomas Kivevele. "Very Short-Term Blackout Prediction for Grid-Tied PV Systems Operating in Low Reliability Weak Electric Grids of Developing Countries". Complexity 2022 (8 de septiembre de 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4763820.

Texto completo

Resumen

Sub-Saharan emerging countries experience electrical shortages resulting in power rationing, which ends up hampering economic activities. This paper proposes an approach for very short-term blackout forecast in grid-tied PV systems operating in low reliability weak electric grids of emerging countries. A pilot project was implemented in Arusha-Tanzania; it mainly comprised of a PV-inverter and a lead-acid battery bank connected to the local electricity utility company, Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO). A very short-term power outage prediction model framework based on a hybrid random forest (RF) algorithm was developed using open-source Python machine learning libraries and using a dataset generated from the pilot project’s experimental microgrid. Input data sampled at a 15-minute interval included day of the month, weekday, hour, supply voltage, utility line frequency, and previous days’ blackout profiles. The model was composed of an adaptive similar day (ASD) module that predicts 15 minutes ahead from a sliding window lookup table spanning 2 weeks prior to the prediction target day, after which ASD prediction was fused with RF prediction, giving a final optimised RF-ASD blackout prediction model. Furthermore, the efficacy analysis of the short-term blackout prediction of the formulated RF, ASD, and RF-ASD regression and classification algorithms was compared. Considering the stochastic nature of blackouts, their performance was found to be fair in short-term blackout predictions of the test site’s weak grid using limited input data from the point of coupling of the user. The models developed were only able to predict blackouts if they occurred frequently and contiguously, but they performed poorly if they were sparse or dispersed.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

9

Bolbot, Victor, Gerasimos Theotokatos, Evangelos Boulougouris, George Psarros y Rainer Hamann. "A Combinatorial Safety Analysis of Cruise Ship Diesel–Electric Propulsion Plant Blackout". Safety 7, n.º 2 (14 de mayo de 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety7020038.

Texto completo

Resumen

Diesel–Electric Propulsion (DEP) has been widely used for the propulsion of various ship types including cruise ships. Considering the potential consequences of blackouts, especially on cruise ships, it is essential to design and operate the ships’ power plants for avoiding and preventing such events. This study aims at implementing a comprehensive safety analysis for a cruise ship Diesel–Electric Propulsion (DEP) plant focusing on blackout events. The Combinatorial Approach to Safety Analysis (CASA) method is used to develop Fault Trees considering the blackout as the top event, and subsequently estimate the blackout frequency as well as implement importance analysis. The derived results demonstrate that the overall blackout frequency is close to corresponding values reported in the pertinent literature as well as estimations based on available accident investigations. This study deduces that the blackout frequency depends on the number of operating Diesel Generator (DG) sets, the DG set’s loading profile, the amount of electrical load that can be tripped during overload conditions and the plant operation phase. In addition, failures of the engine auxiliary systems and the fast-electrical load reduction functions, as well as the power generation control components, are identified as important. This study demonstrates the applicability of the CASA method to complex marine systems and reveals the parameters influencing the investigated system blackout frequency, thus providing better insights for these systems’ safety analysis and enhancement.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

10

Raplee, Jack. "Blackout Punch". Mechanical Engineering 123, n.º 08 (1 de agosto de 2001): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-aug-6.

Texto completo

Resumen

A California landscaper discovers an unorthodox solution to rolling blackouts, using remote power generation. The AuraGen remote power unit, under the hood of Sepulveda Building Materials’ service truck, could provide enough power to keep the company operating during a rolling blackout. With the onset of the summer months, rolling blackouts are likely to continue, possibly with increasing regularity as California’s energy crunch extends. The result is that many companies will still suffer more from the lack of power supply and the increasing heat. The mainframe computer, an IBM Power P C, is networked and communicates with the other stores using Strata model telephone tie lines from Toshiba Phone Systems. Al Fergades, director of vehicle maintenance for Sepulveda, suggested that the company run cables to his service truck and use the power from the onboard generator. The company has been able to evaluate exactly which office machines need to be operating when a power outage occurs again, because now it has had the chance to think about it.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

11

Brinkis, K., V. Kreslins y A. Mutule. "Operative and technological management of super-large united power grids: lessons of major world’s blackouts". Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 51, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2014): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2014-0001.

Texto completo

Resumen

ABSTRACT Power system (PS) blackouts still persist worldwide, evidencing that the existing protective structures need to be improved. The discussed requirements and criteria to be met for joint synchronous operation of large and super-large united PSs should be based on close co-ordination of operative and technological management of all PSs involved in order to ensure secure and stable electricity supply and minimise or avoid the threat of a total PS blackout. The authors analyse the July 2012 India blackout - the largest power outage in history, which affected over 620 million people, i.e. half of India’s population and spread across its 22 states. The analysis is of a general character, being applicable also to similar blackouts that have occurred in Europe and worldwide since 2003. The authors summarise and develop the main principles and methods of operative and technological management aimed at preventing total blackouts in large and super-large PSs.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

12

Hasanvand, Saeed, Hossein Fallahzadeh-Abarghouei y Esmaeil Mahboubi-Moghaddam. "Power system security improvement using an OPA model and IPSO algorithm". SIMULATION 96, n.º 3 (7 de noviembre de 2019): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549719886356.

Texto completo

Resumen

The growing demand for power generation makes power systems increasingly more complex to operate and less secure against outages, so the risk of extensive blackouts is growing and needs to be addressed. Cascading failures are the main reason for extensive blackouts, so to investigate this effect a new method including a standard blackout model, named ORNL-PSerc-Alaska (OPA), and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) placement using an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is proposed. This study provides two optimization approaches and presents optimal corrective actions. The results will help operators to implement corrective actions like optimal generation and load redispatching to return the system to a stable operating condition. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated using a realistic transmission network. Simulation results show a significant effect of SSSC on decreasing the risk of cascading failures and the ability of the proposed method to prevent blackout.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

13

Ferdiansyah, Indra, Indhana Sudiharto, Epyk Sunarno y Mahbub Gusti Muhammad. "DESAIN SPWM SINGLE PHASE FULL BRIDGE INVERTER PADA SISTEM UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY 500W". Jurnal Arus Elektro Indonesia 7, n.º 1 (23 de mayo de 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jaei.v7i1.23438.

Texto completo

Resumen

Indonesia has sufficient power resources provided by PLN. However, blackouts still occur frequently due to several reasons, such as disruption in transmission and distribution, especially when the weather is raining. This has an impact on customer inconvenience. To overcome this, several houses have used a backup power source in the form of a generator set that will be operated by a blackout. This solution turns out to cause noise that can interfere with user comfort. To increase user convenience, a system (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is proposed. The system there is a voltage sensor to detect a power outage. In addition, there is an SSR switch so that it can to switch main source to the UPS with a fast response time during a blackout. The inverter on UPS system uses the SPWM technique to produce a sine wave output, then the use of an LC filter to reduce ripple on the system. PID-based voltage control is used to maintain the output inverter by the setting value of magnitude amplitude. Based on the results of the test, the UPS can work during a blackout with a maximum power of 500W and the voltage constant at 215V. Keywords — Blackout, PI Controller , SPWM, UPS.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

14

Brehovská, Lenka. "Blackout". Kontakt 13, n.º 1 (28 de marzo de 2011): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/kont.2011.014.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

15

Moon, Susan. "Blackout". JAMA 298, n.º 8 (22 de agosto de 2007): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.8.842.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

16

Bargowski, John Ortenzio. "Blackout". Italian Americana XL, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2022): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/2327753x.40.2.12.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

17

Saribulut, Lutfu, Gorkem Ok y Arman Ameen. "A Case Study on National Electricity Blackout of Turkey". Energies 16, n.º 11 (30 de mayo de 2023): 4419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16114419.

Texto completo

Resumen

The necessary precautions should be taken in order to prevent service interruption during the maintenance and repairing of electricity networks. Among these measures, emergencies that may occur in the network should be foreseen, hazard scenarios should be created, and solutions should be developed. If these are not done, a blackout, which first follows the local regions and eventually results in the collapse of the national electrical network, may take place. In this study, the national blackout of Turkey that occurred on 31 March 2015 is examined. The information about Turkey’s electrical infrastructure and its energy policies was provided, as well as the reliability assessment criteria for power systems and examples of significant blackouts that occurred worldwide. The direct relation between line voltage and system frequency was provided with mathematical derivation by using real data taken from a local industrial zone. Then, a case study is presented to demonstrate this direct relation. The causes, development process, and consequences of the blackout are discussed in detail, and some recommendations are offered to increase the security of the electrical infrastructure and to prevent future occurrences while ensuring the sustainability of the system.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

18

Reuter, Christian. "Communication between Power Blackout and Mobile Network Overload". International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 6, n.º 2 (abril de 2014): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiscram.2014040103.

Texto completo

Resumen

In cases of power outages the communication of organizations responsible for recovery work (emergency services, public administration, energy network operators) to the public poses several challenges, primarily the breakdowns of many communication infrastructures and therefore the limitations of the use of classical communication media. This paper surveys technical concepts to support crisis communication during blackouts. Therefore it first investigates the perception and information demands of citizens and communication infrastructures in different scenarios. Furthermore, it analyzes communication infrastructures and their availability in different scenarios. Finally it proposes ‘BlaCom', an ICT-based concept for blackout communication, which addresses the time span between the occurrence of the energy blackout and the possible overload of the mobile phone network. It combines general information with location-specific and setting-specific information, was implemented as a prototype smartphone application and evaluated with 12 potential end users.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

19

Janczura, Sarah. "Blackout überwinden". VDI nachrichten 74, n.º 45 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0042-1758-2020-45-40-2.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

20

Janczura, Sarah. "Blackout überwinden". VDI nachrichten 74, n.º 45 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0042-1758-2020-45-40-2.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

21

Gayle. "The Blackout". Transition, n.º 129 (2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/transition.129.1.11.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

22

Jensen, Jake. "Hollywood Blackout". Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 3, n.º 2 (marzo de 2016): 147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v3.i2.3.

Texto completo

Resumen

This Article will focus on particular emerging copyright laws and their effect on the film industry. Section II will begin with a brief overview of the film industry as well as a brief discussion of the reasons people watch films. The Section will then proceed with a discussion on the importance of filming locations, as well as how the industry has changed in its perception of filming locations. Section III will detail what the current copyright law is, as well as exceptions the courts have used in determining copyright infringement. Section IV will then describe the Freedom of Panorama laws that many countries have enacted to help filmmakers and other industries avoid copyright infringement. The Section will also detail the new copyright laws discussed around the world in addition to what these new laws mean for Hollywood and independent filmmakers. Finally, Section V will propose a solution to these new copyright laws that will be equally beneficial to both the copyright owners and the film industry. The solution calls for a heightened and more descriptive de minimis requirement that creates a more element-based approach as opposed to the factorbased approach used now.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

23

Vasily Kolotilov. "OPERATION BLACKOUT". Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press, The 68, n.º 009-010 (29 de febrero de 2016): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/dsp.46405593.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

24

Filipović, Rade. "Blackout bombs". Vojnotehnicki glasnik 47, n.º 6 (1999): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg9905062f.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

25

Brian Van Reet. "Communications Blackout". Antioch Review 73, n.º 3 (2015): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.7723/antiochreview.73.3.0526.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

26

SPIEWAK, RUSSELL, SALEH SOLTAN, YAKIR FORMAN, SERGEY V. BULDYREV y GIL ZUSSMAN. "A study of cascading failures in real and synthetic power grid topologies". Network Science 6, n.º 4 (23 de agosto de 2018): 448–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2018.14.

Texto completo

Resumen

AbstractUsing the direct current power flow model, we study cascading failures and their spatial and temporal properties in the U.S. Western Interconnection (USWI) power grid. We show that yield (the fraction of demand satisfied after the cascade) has a bimodal distribution typical of a first-order transition. The single line failure leads either to an insignificant power loss or to a cascade which causes a major blackout with yield less than 0.8. The former occurs with high probability if line tolerance α (the ratio of the maximal load a line can carry to its initial load) is greater than 2, while a major blackout occurs with high probability in a broad range of 1 < α < 2. We also show that major blackouts begin with a latent period (with duration proportional to α) during which few lines overload and yield remains high. The existence of the latent period suggests that intervention during early stages of a cascade can significantly reduce the risk of a major blackout. Finally, we introduce the preferential Degree And Distance Attachment model to generate random networks with similar degree, resistance, and flow distributions to the USWI. Moreover, we show that the Degree And Distance Attachment model behaves similarly to the USWI against failures.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

27

Kotani, Hitomu y Kazuyoshi Nakano. "How a Household Survived a Natural Hazard-Triggered Blackout with Photovoltaic and Battery Energy System: A Report of 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake in Japan". Journal of Disaster Research 18, n.º 3 (1 de abril de 2023): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0280.

Texto completo

Resumen

Energy-generating and storage systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and energy storage batteries in homes, are becoming increasingly popular in the context of decarbonization. The systems are also expected to increase household resilience to natural hazard-triggered blackouts. However, how these systems contribute to the use of electrical appliances in households in actual cases is not sufficiently known. Therefore, this report aims to describe the activities that a household with an energy-generating and storage system could undertake during a natural hazard-triggered blackout. We focused on the blackout triggered by the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake (approximately 2.95 million households lost power) and conducted an interview with a household living in a detached all-electric house with a PV and battery system. The results showed that the household lived without inconveniences during the blackout due to the power supply from the installed system, despite the weather. They charged cell phones and used a television, refrigerator, microwave oven, cooking heater, and bath. Moreover, the household’s electricity was also supplied to other households. These results clarified the actual benefit of enhancing household and community resilience of the systems. The results will aid household decision-making for the installation and governmental consideration of subsidies.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

28

Majchrzak, Dariusz, Krzysztof Michalski y Jacek Reginia-Zacharski. "Readiness of the Polish Crisis Management System to Respond to Long-Term, Large-Scale Power Shortages and Failures (Blackouts)". Energies 14, n.º 24 (9 de diciembre de 2021): 8286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248286.

Texto completo

Resumen

Large-scale failures of electric power systems (blackouts) have been the subject of intensive research in most countries for several years. This research aims primarily at seeking solutions to improve the reliability of the operation of power systems and the development of effective strategies to protect critical infrastructure from the effects of energy shortages and power cuts. In contrast, systematic research on crisis management and civil protection under conditions of prolonged blackout has been undertaken in Europe only recently, and these extremely important aspects of energy security have been delayed by the COVID-19 crisis. The ability of the Polish crisis management system to cope with the consequences of long-term, large-scale shortages and interruptions in the supply of electricity, as well as the consequences of possible failures in this field, has not been systematically examined to date. This issue is of growing strategic importance, not only from the point of view of security and defence policy, but also economic cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland’s infrastructural security must be considered in a broad regional and supra-regional context. A long-term lack of electricity in a large area of Poland would undermine the stability of the entire national security system, destabilising the region and supranational security systems. Apart from objective reasons, intentional attacks on the links of such a chain cannot be ruled out. Poland is the leader of this region, a frontline country in the NATO-Russia conflict, as well as a liaison state that provides the Baltic states—being EU and NATO members—with a land connection to Western Europe. In view of the growing risk of blackout, the importance of the problem and the existence of a cognitive gap in this field, we evaluated the Polish crisis management system in terms of its ability to respond to the effects of a sudden, long-term, large-scale blackout. Methodologically, we adopted a systems approach to security management. In order to estimate the consequences of a blackout, we used analogue forecasting tools and scenario analysis. By analysing previous crisis situations caused by blackouts and local conditions of vulnerability to such events, we formulated basic preparedness requirements that a modern crisis management system should meet in the face of the growing risk of blackouts. A review of strategic documents and crisis planning processes in public administration allowed us to identify deficits and weaknesses in the Polish crisis management system. On this basis we formulated recommendations whose implementation shall improve the ability of the national security system to face such challenges in the future.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

29

Klein, Kelly R., Marc S. Rosenthal y Howard A. Klausner. "Blackout 2003: Preparedness and Lessons Learned from the Perspectives of Four Hospitals". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, n.º 5 (octubre de 2005): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002818.

Texto completo

Resumen

AbstractIntroduction:The blackout in North America of August 2003 was one of the worst on record. It affected eight United States states and parts of Canada for >24 hours. Additionally, two large United States cities, Detroit, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio, suffered from a loss of water pressure and a subsequent ban on the use of public supplies of potable water that lasted four days. A literature review revealed a paucity of literature that describes blackouts and how they may affect the medical community.Methods:This paper includes a review of after-action reports from four inner-city, urban hospitals supplemented accounts from the authors' hospital's emergency operations center (emergency operations center).Results:Some of the problems encountered, included: (1)lighting; (2) elevator operations; (3) supplies of water; (4) communication operations; (5) computer failure; (6) lack of adequate supplies of food; (7) mobility to obtain Xray studies; (8) heating, air condition, and ventilation; (9) staffing; (10) pharmacy; (11) registration of patients; (12) hospital emergency operations center; (13) loss of isolation facilities; (14) inadequate supplies of paper; (15) impaired ability to provide care for non-emergency patients; (16) sanitation; and (17) inadequate emergency power.Discussion:The blackout of 2003 uncovered problems within the United States hospital system, ranging from staffing to generator coverage. This report is a review of the effects that the blackout and water ban of 2003 had on hospitals in a large inner-city area. Also discussed are solutions utilized at the time and recommendations for the future.Conclusion:The blackout of 2003 was an excellent test of disaster/emergency planning, and produced many valuable lessons to be used in future events.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

30

Alferink, Larry A. y Dennis L. Nunes. "The postreinforcement pause and the blackout procedure: Are blackouts neutral stimuli?" Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 31, n.º 2 (febrero de 1993): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03334163.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

31

Jung, Sang-Min, Ki-Young Choi, Sang-Hyuk Jung y Rae-Young Kim. "LCpL Filter Design and Control for Stability Improvement in a Stand-Alone Microgrid with Sub Inverter Structure". Energies 12, n.º 12 (17 de junio de 2019): 2318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122318.

Texto completo

Resumen

The inverter of an energy storage system, which plays an important role in maintaining the voltage of a stand-alone microgrid, can shut down in response to external or internal abnormal conditions. Such a protective measure can cause the microgrid to blackout. A redundant inverter can be configured to respond upon failure of the main inverter to ensure higher stability of the stand-alone microgrid. However, the microgrid may experience several to tens of blackout cycles when the main inverter fails owing to a time delay in the operation of the sub inverter. To overcome this limitation, we propose an LCpL filter for suppressing any sudden changes in the microgrid during the transition period between the main and sub inverters. In addition, this study also describes a control method for the sub inverter to prevent system blackouts. A 100 kW microgrid system consisting of two 100 kW inverters with LCpL filters and loads was used to demonstrate the efficacy/utility of the proposed method.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

32

Fukuda, Kazuhiko, Yoshinori Shibata, Hideki Sato y Satomi Okabe. "How the large-scale blackout following the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake impacted adolescents’ sleep patterns". Sleep and Biological Rhythms 18, n.º 4 (8 de julio de 2020): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41105-020-00278-6.

Texto completo

Resumen

Abstract A blackout on the island of Hokkaido occurred following a massive earthquake on September 6, 2018. This study analyzed the sleep pattern data of junior high school students on the night of the blackout in comparison to a normal night. Data were collected from 52 junior high school students from a school away from the earthquake’s epicenter but within the blackout area. Although the students normally slept less than 8 h per night, they slept for nine and a half hours during the blackout night. The duration during the blackout corresponded to the ideal sleep duration recommended by the NSF and AASM.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

33

Pradeep, Amogh, Hira Javaid, Ryan Williams, Antoine Rault, David Choffnes, Stevens Le Blond y Bryan Ford. "Moby: A Blackout-Resistant Anonymity Network for Mobile Devices". Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2022, n.º 3 (julio de 2022): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56553/popets-2022-0071.

Texto completo

Resumen

Internet blackouts are challenging environments for anonymity and censorship resistance. Existing popular anonymity networks (e.g., Freenet, I2P, Tor) rely on Internet connectivity to function, making them impracticable during such blackouts. In such a setting, mobile ad-hoc networks can provide connectivity, but prior communication protocols for ad-hoc networks are not designed for anonymity and attack resilience. We address this need by designing, implementing, and evaluating Moby, a blackout-resistant anonymity network for mobile devices. Moby provides end-to-end encryption, forward secrecy and sender-receiver anonymity. It features a bi-modal design of operation, using Internet connectivity when available and ad-hoc networks during blackouts. During periods of Internet connectivity, Moby functions as a regular messaging application and bootstraps information that is later used in the absence of Internet connectivity to achieve secure anonymous communications. Moby incorporates a model of trust based on users’ contact lists, and a trust establishment protocol that mitigates flooding attacks. We perform an empirically informed simulation-based study based on cellphone traces of 268,596 users over the span of a week for a large cellular provider to determine Moby’s feasibility and present our findings. Last, we implement and evaluate the Moby client as an Android app.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

34

Dubey, Abhay Nath, Dr Deepika Chauhan y Md Asif Iqbal. "A Case-Study on Blackout". International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (30 de abril de 2018): 1390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11287.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

35

Lee, Hamin, Sungwon Roh y Dai Jin Kim. "Alcohol-Induced Blackout". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 6, n.º 11 (6 de noviembre de 2009): 2783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph6112783.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

36

Rose, Mark E. y Jon E. Grant. "Alcohol-Induced Blackout". Journal of Addiction Medicine 4, n.º 2 (junio de 2010): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/adm.0b013e3181e1299d.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

37

Cooper, Nicola. "Blackout and collapse". Medicine 37, n.º 2 (febrero de 2009): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.11.006.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

38

Cooper, Nicola. "Blackout and collapse". Medicine 41, n.º 1 (enero de 2013): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2012.10.005.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

39

Kundrapu, Madhusudhan, John Loverich, Kristian Beckwith, Peter Stoltz, Alexey Shashurin y Michael Keidar. "Modeling Radio Communication Blackout and Blackout Mitigation in Hypersonic Vehicles". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 52, n.º 3 (mayo de 2015): 853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.a33122.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

40

Khair, Abul, Mohd Rihan y Mohd Zuhaib. "Implementation of Controlled Islanding Scheme for Self-healing Smart Grid". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 3.12 (20 de julio de 2018): 945. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.17608.

Texto completo

Resumen

With increase in deregulations and renewable sources of generation, the power system network is leading towards more geographical spread and interconnectedness. This causes significant challenges requiring on-line monitoring and control. It also provides a path for disturbances to propagate causing cascading failure, even blackouts. Wide area detection of potential island formation and controlled separation is considered as an effective tool against a blackout under severe disturbances. In the present work one line remaining algorithm has been utilized for implementation of controlled islanding in a section of Indian power grid.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

41

Carreras, Benjamin A., David E. Newman y Ian Dobson. "North American Blackout Time Series Statistics and Implications for Blackout Risk". IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 31, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2016): 4406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2015.2510627.

Texto completo

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

42

Kim, Woongbae, Hyungwook Jang, Seungjong Oh y Sangyong Lee. "Extended station blackout analyses of an APR1400 with MARS-KS". Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 31, n.º 4 (2016): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1604318k.

Texto completo

Resumen

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident shows that natural disasters such as earthquakes and the subsequent tsunamis can cause station blackout for several days. The electric energy required for essential systems during a station blackout is provided from emergency backup batteries installed at the nuclear power plant. In South Korea, in the event of an extended station blackout, the life of these emergency backup batteries has recently been extended from 8 hours to 24 hours at Shin-Kori 5, 6, and APR1400 for design certification. For a battery life of 24 hours, available safety means system, equipment and procedures are studied and analyzed in their ability to cope with an extended station blackout. A sensitivity study of reactor coolant pump seal leakage is performed to verify how different seal leakages could affect the system. For simulating extended station blackout scenarios, the best estimate MARS-KS computer code was used. In this paper, an APR1400 RELAP5 input deck was developed for station blackout scenario to analyze operation strategy by manually depressurizing the reactor coolant system through the steam generator's secondary side. Additionally, a sensitivity study on reactor coolant pump seal leakage was carried out.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

43

Hawkins, C. DB y K. B. Shewan. "Frost hardiness, height, and dormancy of 15 short-day, nursery-treated interior spruce seed lots". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2000): 1096–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-055.

Texto completo

Resumen

Fifteen seed lots, five each from natural-stand, seed-orchard, and full-sib collections, of interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm., and their naturally occurring hybrids) were sown in February 1993. One half of each seed lot received an ambient photoperiod (control) treatment, while the other half got a blackout (short-day) treatment. All seedlings were grown under ambient photoperiod except during the 17 days of blackout. Frost hardiness assessments were done between July and May. Blackout treatment was effective in regulating height and promoting frost hardiness in all seed lots, particularly vigorous ones. Seed lots originating from high latitude or elevation were more frost hardy both at fall lift and spring planting. Full-sib seed lots from similar latitude displayed no elevational frost-hardiness trend. Blackout treatment promoted seedling dormancy (estimated with days to bud break) at lift, but it had little or no effect on dormancy at planting. Seedling dormancy and frost hardiness were acquired and lost differently, suggesting that they are independent physiological processes. Blackout treatment significantly reduced new roots at planting in all lots. This could retard early field performance and negate the apparent utility of blackout treatment.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

44

Kim, Dosung, Jang-Chul Kim, Qing Su y Sung-Kwan Joo. "Electricity Blackout and Its Ripple Effects: Examining Liquidity and Information Asymmetry in U.S. Financial Markets". Energies 16, n.º 13 (25 de junio de 2023): 4939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16134939.

Texto completo

Resumen

The massive blackout that occurred in August 2003 left over 50 million people in the northeastern and midwestern parts of the United States without electricity and caused billions of dollars in economic losses. This event highlighted the importance of sustainable and resilient energy infrastructure. Our study examines the impact of this blackout on the sustainability of financial markets by analyzing the liquidity and information asymmetry of U.S. stocks listed on major exchanges. Our results show that the blackout had a negative impact on the financial market’s liquidity, as evidenced by a significant widening of bid–ask spreads and a decrease in the market quality index. We also find an increase in information asymmetry during the blackout period, as measured by higher realized spreads. Furthermore, our study reveals that the blackout had a border impact on global financial markets and the negative effect on liquidity persisted even after two weeks.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

45

Li, Changcheng, Yongjian Ye, Shujian Huang, Yin Xu y Bisong Wang. "Online Decision-Making of Parallel Restoration Strategy for Power Systems Based on Susceptible-Infected-Recovered Model". International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (1 de junio de 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9696952.

Texto completo

Resumen

Parallel restoration following blackouts can reduce economic and social losses. This paper aims to develop a parallel restoration method coordinating the partitioning scheme of the blackout system and restoration strategies of subsystems. The susceptible-infected-recovered model, i.e., a virus propagation model of complex networks, is used to decide the parallel restoration strategies online. Firstly, various types of viruses are used to represent different subsystems. The probability vector of virus infection is obtained according to the importance level of each bus. Secondly, an immunization strategy is developed based on the faulted buses in the blackout situation. According to the infection rate and the immunization strategy, the virus propagation direction will be changed based on real-time system conditions. The startup characteristics of units and the charging reactive power of restoration paths are considered as constraints to embed in the virus propagation process. Finally, the partitioning scheme and the restorative actions for subsystems are determined based on the infected results of viruses. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by case studies on the IEEE 39-bus and the IEEE 118-bus test systems.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

46

Szkudlarek, Joanna, Marek Snycerski y Grzegorz Owczarek. "Proposal of Objective Assesment of the Phenomenon of Light Passage Through Blackout Fabrics". Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (31 de agosto de 2017): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2663.

Texto completo

Resumen

The paper presents some possibilities of measuring light passed through textile products applicable as sunshade window curtains. The existing measurement methods were analysed and a new method for measuring the barrier properties and transparency of flat textile products was proposed based on linear measurement. The idea of measurement was established for the purpose of identifying the optical properties of blackout fabrics applied as internal screens for public interiors. Preliminary research has shown that blackout fabrics obtained by weaving technology – so called weaving blackout (not a coated blackout) have a varied structure. In this case, the characteristics of this structure determine the level of barrier properties. The mechanism of light passing through such structures is special and requires specific measurement conditions. The paper presents an original research methodology dedicated especially for blackout fabrics. The new methodology and indicators for assessing the barrier effect in the VIS radiation band can be adopted by industry.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

47

Golovach, I. Yu. "Blackout in Ukraine and challenges regarding the storage of immunobiological drugs". PAIN, JOINTS, SPINE 13, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2023): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/pjs.13.1.2023.351.

Texto completo

Resumen

An undeclared war has been going on in Ukraine for more than one year. Defeated at the front, Russia resorted to massive shelling of energy facilities with the aim of leaving Ukrainians without electricity and heat during the winter. As reported, since October 10, the Russians have fired more than a thousand missiles and drones at Ukrainian energy facilities. The shelling on November 23, 2022 led to a system crash — a blackout occurred. For the first time in the history of Ukraine, all of the country’s nuclear power units were shut down. In conditions of lack of light and non-working refrigerating chambers, the storage conditions of thermolabile immunobiological drugs became a new test for the medical community and patients. As you know, immunobiological drugs, which are widely used in the treatment of various rheumatological diseases, require strict storage conditions in the temperature range from +2 to +8 °С. Under blackout conditions, it is difficult for Ukrainian patients to maintain optimal storage conditions for these drugs. The analysis of the studies showed that the majority of patients do not comply with the requirements for the storage of thermolabile drugs, even with the constant presence of light and electricity. Experts indicate that more and more thermolabile drugs are becoming available, and in most cases, these medications are dispensed to ambulatory patients. More thermolabile drugs are becoming available, and in most cases, these medications are dispensed to ambulatory patients. However, there is no regulation once medications are dispensed to patients and little is known with regard to what happens during transport and home storage. Previous studies suggest that these drugs are improperly stored. Future studies should focus on clinical consequences and possible solutions. It is recommended for Ukrainians to follow the rules and conditions of storage of heat-labile medicinal products during blackouts/emergency and stabilization blackouts.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

48

Liu, Zi Fa, Xue Dong Ren, Yi Xiao Chen, Chi Ye Chen, Xiao Qing Zhang y Fang Ming Niu. "Research on Electrical Network Blackout Risk under Different Connection Patterns". Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (octubre de 2015): 1232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1232.

Texto completo

Resumen

With the gradual expansion of China's electrical network construction, network scale and transmission capacity, a reasonable electrical network construction scale research is urgent for the optimized power system development. In this paper, a blackout risk assessment index system as well as the risk calculation model under different electrical network scales is established, followed by a series of blackout risk value calculation of constitutive units in an IEEE-14 node standard system under typical patterns, hence the validity of the model is verified via comparison with the actual blackout risk value of the system. The result indicates that that the ranking of blackout risk values under different connection patterns with the same amount of lines is polygon, quadrilateral and triangle.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

49

Lu, Xiao Jun, Kai Wen Zeng, Shi Wu Liao, Jin Yu Wen, En Lu, Fei Long y Ning Wang. "Novel Indexes and Method for Power Grid Blackout Risk Assessment". Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (mayo de 2014): 6665–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.6665.

Texto completo

Resumen

A set of blackout risk assessment indexes is established according to Electricity Accident (Incident) Investigation Procedures of China Southern Power Grid (CSPG) (pilot) and Guide on Operational Risk Evaluation of CSPG, which can calculate risk values of electricity accidents (incidents). The calculation process is discussed in detail. Based on the proposed indexes and OPA blackout model, a blackout risk assessment method for power system is put forward, with which blackout risk for all 500kV buses in Guangdong Power Grid are evaluated. Weak areas in power system are identified and their inducements are analyzed. The identification results accord with actual system long-term operation experience, which verifies the correctness of the indexes and method.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

50

Skalozubov, V., V. Spinov, D. Spinov, Т. Gablaya, V. Kochnyeva y Yu Komarov. "SUBSTANTIATION OF MODERNIZED BLACKOUT & LOSS-OF-COOLANT ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS WITH WWER". Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi 2, n.º 61 (2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.2.61.2020.08.

Texto completo

Resumen

The analysis of the known results of RELAP5/V.3.2 simulation for loss of coolant & blackout accidents at WWER nuclear power plants showed that the design accident management strategies with design passive safety systems do not provide the necessary safety conditions for the maximum permissible temperature of fuel claddings, the minimum permissible level of coolant in the reactor and feed water in the steam generators. A conservative thermohydrodynamic model for a design and modernized blackout & loss-of-coolant accident management strategy at a nuclear power plant with WWER has been developed. Design passive safety systems carry out the design accident management strategy: pressurizer safety valves, secondary steam relief valves, and hydraulic reservoirs of the emergency core cooling system of the reactor. Promising afterheat removal passive systems and the reactor level and steam generator water level control systems carry out the modernized blackout & loss-of-coolant accident management strategy. The main conservative assumptions of the presented model of blackout & loss-of-coolant accidents: complete long-term failure of all electric pumps of active safety systems, the temperature of nuclear fuel in the central part of the fuel matrix is assumed as the maximum allowable one, effect of “run down” flow of a turbine feed pump and the coolant level in pressurizer on accident process is not considered. Computational modelling has found that violations of the safety conditions are over the entire range of leak sizes for the design blackout & loss-of-coolant accident management strategy. For the modernized blackout & loss-of-coolant accident management strategy, safety conditions are provided for 72 hours of the accident and more. The presented results of computational modelling of blackout accident management strategies for nuclear power plants can be used to modernize and improve symptom-informed emergency instructions and guidelines for the severe accident management at nuclear power plants with WWER. Application of the results of computational modelling of blackout accident management strategies is generally not substantiated for other types of reactor facilities. In this case, it is necessary to develop calculated models for blackout accident management taking into account the specifics of the structural and technical characteristics and operating conditions for safety related systems of nuclear power plants.

Los estilos APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Blackout"

Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros