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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Blood Diseases Molecular aspects"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 31 de enero de 2023

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1

Schechter, Alan N. "Hemoglobin research and the origins of molecular medicine." Blood 112, no. 10 (November 15, 2008): 3927–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-04-078188.

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Abstract Much of our understanding of human physiology, and of many aspects of pathology, has its antecedents in laboratory and clinical studies of hemoglobin. Over the last century, knowledge of the genetics, functions, and diseases of the hemoglobin proteins has been refined to the molecular level by analyses of their crystallographic structures and by cloning and sequencing of their genes and surrounding DNA. In the last few decades, research has opened up new paradigms for hemoglobin related to processes such as its role in the transport of nitric oxide and the complex developmental contro

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2

Quinlivan, Mark, and Judith Breuer. "Molecular and therapeutic aspects of varicella–zoster virus infection." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 7, no. 15 (August 10, 2005): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146239940500966x.

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Varicella–zoster virus (VZV) is a highly species-specific member of the Herpesviridae family. The virus exhibits multiple cell tropisms, infecting peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin cells before establishing latency in sensory neurons. Such tropisms are essential both for primary infection, which manifests itself as chickenpox (varicella), and subsequent reactivation to cause herpes zoster (shingles). The highly cell-associated nature of the virus, coupled with its narrow host range, has resulted in the lack of an animal model that mimics its diseases in humans, thereby greatly hinder

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3

Shperling, M. M., N. P. Tolokonskaya, N. V. Fomenko, and Ye V. Romanova. "The clinical aspects of Lyme borreliosis." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 7 (December 30, 2008): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2008-0-106-110.

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The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis is objective difficult. There are tendention of increasing of patients the age of 51 and older. The characteristics of disease, for example fever at acute time is connected to reactivity in acute diseases in general. On time antibodies detection of patients blood with suspicion of the cronical borreliosis is not criteria of proven disease.

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4

Chen, Qijun, Martha Schlichtherle, and Mats Wahlgren. "Molecular Aspects of Severe Malaria." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2000): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.13.3.439.

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SUMMARY Human infections with Plasmodium falciparum may result in severe forms of malaria. The widespread and rapid development of drug resistance in P. falciparum and the resistance of the disease-transmitting mosquitoes to insecticides make it urgent to understand the molecular background of the pathogenesis of malaria to enable the development of novel approaches to combat the disease. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of severe malaria caused by the P. falciparum parasite. The nature of severe malaria and the deleterious effects of parasite-derived toxins and host-induced cyt

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5

Villar, M., J. M. Marimon, J. M. Garcia-Arenzana, A. G. de la Campa, M. J. Ferrandiz, and E. Perez-Trallero. "Epidemiological and molecular aspects of rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds, blood and respiratory samples." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 66, no. 5 (March 2, 2011): 997–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkr059.

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6

Vogler, Ingridt Hildegard, Anna Nishiya, Helena Kaminami Morimoto, Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche, André Luiz Bortoliero, Tiemi Matsuo, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, and Adelaide Jose Vaz. "Serological, epidemiological and molecular aspects of hepatitis C virus infection in a population from Londrina, PR, Brazil, 2001-2002." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 46, no. 6 (December 4, 2004): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652004000600002.

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Serological, epidemiological and molecular aspects of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were evaluated in 183 subjects from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, and adjacent areas. Serum samples which tested anti-HCV positive by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) obtained from eight patients with chronic hepatitis C, 48 blood donors, and 127 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were submitted to another enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). About 78.7% of samples were also reactive by ELISA, with the greater proportion (70.8%) of discordant r

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7

Riva, Giovanni, Mario Luppi, Patrizia Barozzi, Fabio Forghieri, and Leonardo Potenza. "How I treat HHV8/KSHV-related diseases in posttransplant patients." Blood 120, no. 20 (November 15, 2012): 4150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-04-421412.

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Abstract Posttransplantation human herpesvirus-8 (HHV8)/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) primary infection and/or reactivations are associated with uncommon and sometimes fatal, neoplastic, and non-neoplastic diseases. HHV8-related clinical manifestations notably range from Kaposi sarcoma (KS) to either primary effusion lymphoma or multicentric Castleman disease B-cell malignancies, and from polyclonal HHV8-positive plasmacytic lymphoproliferative disorders to bone marrow failure and peripheral cytopenias, associated or not with hemophagocytic syndromes, and to acute hepatitis syndromes. We r

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8

Artemenko, Yu S., M. B. Khamoshina, V. A. Ryabova, and Z. V. Zyukina. "Obesity in women: current aspects of reproductive health disorders." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 5 (April 19, 2022): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-5-32-39.

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Obesity and overweight tend to increase in prevalence in the whole world. Obese people have a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, osteoarthritis, diabetes mellitus and reproductive system diseases. This is especially evident in women. Hormonal imbalances is developed among obese women in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, typically there are menstruation disorders, anovulation and female infertility. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, with an intricate role in bioactive molecules secrete, in particularly adipokines, which interact differently with a variety of molecul

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9

Eelen, Guy, Lucas Treps, Xuri Li, and Peter Carmeliet. "Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of Angiogenesis Updated." Circulation Research 127, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.120.316851.

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All organisms growing beyond the oxygen diffusion limit critically depend on a functional vasculature for survival. Yet blood vessels are far more than passive, uniform conduits for oxygen and nutrient supply. A remarkable organotypic heterogeneity is brought about by tissue-specific differentiated endothelial cells (lining the blood vessels’ lumen) and allows blood vessels to deal with organ-specific demands for homeostasis. On the flip side, when blood vessels go awry, they promote life-threatening diseases characterized by endothelial cells inappropriately adopting an angiogenic state (eg,

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10

Łój, Magdalena, Magdalena Garncarz, and Michał Jank. "Genomic and genetic aspects of heart failure in dogs — A review." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2012.002.

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The most common causes of heart failure in dogs are valvular disease, predominantly endocardiosis, and myocardial disease, predominantly dilated cardiomyopathy. They are related to changes in the expression of several genes in the heart muscle and in peripheral blood nuclear cells which could be considered as prognostic or diagnostic markers of heart disease in dogs. Since many human genetic markers of heart failure have turned out to be useless in dogs, the screening for genomic markers of canine heart failure could give more insight into the molecular pathology of these diseases and aid the

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11

Palomo, Laura, Pamela Acha, and Francesc Solé. "Genetic Aspects of Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Cancers 13, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13092120.

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Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are myeloid neoplasms characterized by the presentation of overlapping features from both myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Although the classification of MDS/MPN relies largely on clinical features and peripheral blood and bone marrow morphology, studies have demonstrated that a large proportion of patients (~90%) with this disease harbor somatic mutations in a group of genes that are common across myeloid neoplasms. These mutations play a role in the clinical heterogeneity of these diseases and their clinical ev

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12

Moreira, Leonardo Marmo, and Juliana Pereira Lyon. "Heme Acquisition by trypanosomatids: Evaluation of the hemedependent behavior and its biochemical implications." Pubvet 14, no. 11 (November 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v14n11a685.1-7.

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The inability of some species to produce porphyrin-like compounds induces these species to search for blood to fulfill their heme requirement. The biological cycle of very relevant parasites, such as Leishmania sp. and Trypanossoma sp., is directly related to the search for heme. The understanding of this process in a chemical and biochemical approach is a pre-requisite to obtaining advancements regarding hemoprotein structureactivity relationships as well as molecular aspects of various pathological/physiological mechanisms associated with parasitary and/or blood diseases, between others. The

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13

De Deurwaerdère, Philippe, and Giuseppe Di Giovanni. "Serotonin in Health and Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 3500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103500.

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The International Journal of Molecular Sciences Special Issue “Serotonin in health and diseases” covers several aspects of the multiple and still mysterious functions of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT). 5-HT is neurotransmitter acting in the central nervous system (CNS), blood factor, and neurohormone controlling the function of several peripheral organs. Beyond its widespread implication in physiology, the 5-HT system is involved in numerous diseases of the CNS (e.g., depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorders, addiction, Parkinson’s disease) and peripheral organ

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14

Kuchynka, Petr, Tomas Palecek, Martin Masek, Vladimir Cerny, Lukas Lambert, Ivana Vitkova, and Ales Linhart. "Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Eosinophilic Myocarditis." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2829583.

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Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM) represents a rare form of myocardial inflammation with very heterogeneous aetiology. In developed countries, the most prevalent causes of EM are hypersensitivity or allergic reactions, as well as hematological diseases leading to eosinophilia. The disease may have a variable clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic forms to life-threatening conditions. Most patients with EM have marked eosinophilia in peripheral blood. Endomyocardial biopsy needs to be performed in most cases in order to establish a definitive diagnosis of EM. The therapy depends on the un

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15

Weisel, John W., and Rustem I. Litvinov. "Mechanisms of fibrin polymerization and clinical implications." Blood 121, no. 10 (March 7, 2013): 1712–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-09-306639.

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Abstract Research on all stages of fibrin polymerization, using a variety of approaches including naturally occurring and recombinant variants of fibrinogen, x-ray crystallography, electron and light microscopy, and other biophysical approaches, has revealed aspects of the molecular mechanisms involved. The ordered sequence of fibrinopeptide release is essential for the knob-hole interactions that initiate oligomer formation and the subsequent formation of 2-stranded protofibrils. Calcium ions bound both strongly and weakly to fibrin(ogen) have been localized, and some aspects of their roles a

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16

Hühmer, Andreas F., Roger G. Biringer, Heidi Amato, Alfred N. Fonteh, and Michael G. Harrington. "Protein Analysis in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid: Physiological Aspects, Current Progress and Future Challenges." Disease Markers 22, no. 1-2 (2006): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/158797.

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The introduction of lumbar puncture into clinical medicine over 100 years ago marks the beginning of the study of central nervous system diseases using the human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Ever since, CSF has been analyzed extensively to elucidate the physiological and biochemical bases of neurological disease. The proximity of CSF to the brain makes it a good target for studying the pathophysiology of brain functions, but the barrier function of the CSF also impedes its diagnostic value. Today, measurements to determine alterations in the composition of CSF are central in the differential dia

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17

Nii, Takenobu, Tomotoshi Marumoto, and Kenzaburo Tani. "Roles of p53 in Various Biological Aspects of Hematopoietic Stem Cells." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/903435.

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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the capacity to self-renew as well as to differentiate into all blood cell types, and they can reconstitute hematopoiesis in recipients with bone marrow ablation. In addition, transplantation therapy using HSCs is widely performed for the treatment of various incurable diseases such as hematopoietic malignancies and congenital immunodeficiency disorders. For the safe and successful transplantation of HSCs, their genetic and epigenetic integrities need to be maintained properly. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that respond to various cellul

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18

Presta, Ivan, Marco Vismara, Fabiana Novellino, Annalidia Donato, Paolo Zaffino, Elisabetta Scali, Krizia Caterina Pirrone, Maria Francesca Spadea, Natalia Malara, and Giuseppe Donato. "Innate Immunity Cells and the Neurovascular Unit." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123856.

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Recent studies have clarified many still unknown aspects related to innate immunity and the blood-brain barrier relationship. They have also confirmed the close links between effector immune system cells, such as granulocytes, macrophages, microglia, natural killer cells and mast cells, and barrier functionality. The latter, in turn, is able to influence not only the entry of the cells of the immune system into the nervous tissue, but also their own activation. Interestingly, these two components and their interactions play a role of great importance not only in infectious diseases, but in alm

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19

Stakhneva, E. M., E. V. Kashtanova, Ya V. Polonskaya, V. S. Shramko, and Yu I. Ragino. "Mechanisms of vascular aging." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 21, no. 2 (July 18, 2022): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2022-2-186-194.

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Vascular aging plays a key role in morbidity and mortality in the elderly. With age, the vasculature undergoes changes characterized by endothelial dysfunction, wall thickening, decreased elongation, and arterial stiffness. The review focuses on the main cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging, including oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, increased arterial stiffness, and molecular genetic aspects. Their role in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with aging is considered. Some of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes include increased expression and

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20

Erickson, Michelle A., and William A. Banks. "Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction as a Cause and Consequence of Alzheimer's Disease." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 33, no. 10 (August 7, 2013): 1500–1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2013.135.

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays critical roles in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Dysfunction of the BBB occurs in a number of CNS diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A prevailing hypothesis in the AD field is the amyloid cascade hypothesis that states that amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the CNS initiates a cascade of molecular events that cause neurodegeneration, leading to AD onset and progression. In this review, the participation of the BBB in the amyloid cascade and in other mechanisms of AD neurodegeneration will be discussed. We will specifically

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21

Da Costa, Lydie, Thierry Leblanc, and Narla Mohandas. "Diamond-Blackfan anemia." Blood 136, no. 11 (September 10, 2020): 1262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019000947.

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Abstract Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) was the first ribosomopathy described and is a constitutional inherited bone marrow failure syndrome. Erythroblastopenia is the major characteristic of the disease, which is a model for ribosomal diseases, related to a heterozygous allelic variation in 1 of the 20 ribosomal protein genes of either the small or large ribosomal subunit. The salient feature of classical DBA is a defect in ribosomal RNA maturation that generates nucleolar stress, leading to stabilization of p53 and activation of its targets, resulting in cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Altho

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22

Bambauer, Rolf. "Therapeutic Apheresis in Neurology." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 5, no. 5 (November 21, 2020): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/118.

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Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) remove harmful plasma constituents from patient’s blood and replacing the extracted plasma with replacement solutions. The advantages of TPE with hollow fiber membranes are a complete separation of the corpuscular components from the plasma and due to increased blood flow rate higher efficacy. Therapeutic apheresis (TA) is used more and more throughout the world. The development of new, more sophisticated membranes and new adsorption technologies allow the most selective separation of plasma components. TA has been successfully introduced in a variety of autoa

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23

Al-Koussa, Houssam, Ibrahim AlZaim, and Marwan E. El-Sabban. "Pathophysiology of Coagulation and Emerging Roles for Extracellular Vesicles in Coagulation Cascades and Disorders." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 16 (August 22, 2022): 4932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164932.

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The notion of blood coagulation dates back to the ancient Greek civilization. However, the emergence of innovative scientific discoveries that started in the seventeenth century formulated the fundamentals of blood coagulation. Our understanding of key coagulation processes continues to evolve, as novel homeostatic and pathophysiological aspects of hemostasis are revealed. Hemostasis is a dynamic physiological process, which stops bleeding at the site of injury while maintaining normal blood flow within the body. Intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways culminate in the homeostatic cessati

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24

Khaw, Kay-Tee. "Epidemiological aspects of ageing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1363 (December 29, 1997): 1829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0168.

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A major societal challenge is to improve quality of life and prevent or reduce disability and dependency in an ageing population. Increasing age is associated with increasing risk of disability and loss of independence, due to functional impairments such as loss of mobility, hearing and vision; a major issue must be how far disability can be prevented. Ageing is associated with loss of bone tissue, reduction in muscle mass, reduced respiratory function, decline in cognitive function, rise in blood pressure and macular degeneration which predispose to disabling conditions such as osteoporosis,

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25

Bilska-Wilkosz, Anna, Małgorzata Iciek, and Magdalena Górny. "Chemistry and Biochemistry Aspects of the 4-Hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal." Biomolecules 12, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12010145.

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4-hydroxy-2,3-trans-nonenal (C9H16O2), also known as 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (C9H16O2; HNE) is an α,β-unsaturated hydroxyalkenal. HNE is a major aldehyde, formed in the peroxidation process of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-6 PUFAs), such as linoleic and arachidonic acid. HNE is not only harmful but also beneficial. In the 1980s, the HNE was regarded as a “toxic product of lipid peroxidation” and the “second toxic messenger of free radicals”. However, already at the beginning of the 21st century, HNE was perceived as a reliable marker of oxidative stress, growth modulating factor and signalin

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26

Sambanthamurthi, Ravigadevi, YewAi Tan, Kalyana Sundram, Kenneth C. Hayes, Mahinda Abeywardena, Soon-Sen Leow, Shamala Devi Sekaran, et al. "Positive outcomes of oil palm phenolics on degenerative diseases in animal models." British Journal of Nutrition 106, no. 11 (June 7, 2011): 1664–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511002133.

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It is well established that plant phenolics elicit various biological activities, with positive effects on health. Palm oil production results in large volumes of aqueous by-products containing phenolics. In the present study, we describe the effects of oil palm phenolics (OPP) on several degenerative conditions using various animal models. OPP reduced blood pressure in a NO-deficient rat model, protected against ischaemia-induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats and reduced plaque formation in rabbits fed an atherogenic diet. In Nile rats, a spontaneous model of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 di

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27

Kondoh, Hiroshi, Masahiro Kameda, and Mitsuhiro Yanagida. "Whole Blood Metabolomics in Aging Research." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010175.

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Diversity is observed in the wave of global aging because it is a complex biological process exhibiting individual variability. To assess aging physiologically, markers for biological aging are required in addition to the calendar age. From a metabolic perspective, the aging hypothesis includes the mitochondrial hypothesis and the calorie restriction (CR) hypothesis. In experimental models, several compounds or metabolites exert similar lifespan-extending effects, like CR. However, little is known about whether these metabolic modulations are applicable to human longevity, as human aging is gr

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28

Chen, Cen, Feng-Qing Yang, Qian Zhang, Feng-Qin Wang, Yuan-Jia Hu, and Zhi-Ning Xia. "Natural Products for Antithrombosis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/876426.

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Thrombosis is considered to be closely related to several diseases such as atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and stroke, as well as rheumatoid arthritis, hyperuricemia, and various inflammatory conditions. More and more studies have been focused on understanding the mechanism of molecular and cellular basis of thrombus formation as well as preventing thrombosis for the treatment of thrombotic diseases. In reality, there is considerable interest in the role of natural products and their bioactive components in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis related disorders. This paper briefl

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29

Kandarakov, Oleg, and Alexander Belyavsky. "Clonal Hematopoiesis, Cardiovascular Diseases and Hematopoietic Stem Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (October 24, 2020): 7902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217902.

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Cardiovascular diseases and cancer, the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, share some common mechanisms, in particular inflammation, contributing to their progression and pathogenesis. However, somatic mutagenesis, a driving force in cancer development, has not been generally considered as an important factor in cardiovascular disease pathology. Recent studies demonstrated that during normal aging, somatic mutagenesis occurs in blood cells, often resulting in expansion of mutant clones that dominate hematopoiesis at advanced age. This clonal hematopoiesis is primarily as

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Mursch-Edlmayr, Anna-Sophie, Matthias Bolz, and Clemens Strohmaier. "Vascular Aspects in Glaucoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Approaches." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094662.

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Glaucomatous optic neuropathies have been regarded as diseases caused by high intraocular pressure for a long time, despite the concept of vascular glaucoma dating back to von Graefe in 1854. Since then, a tremendous amount of knowledge about the ocular vasculature has been gained; cohort studies have established new vascular risk factors for glaucoma as well as identifying protective measures acting on blood vessels. The knowledge about the physiology and pathophysiology of the choroidal, retinal, as well as ciliary and episcleral circulation has also advanced. Only recently have novel drugs

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Tatzber, Franz, Sieglinde Zelzer, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Stefan Rinnerhofer, Michael Kundi, Gerhard Cvirn, Georg Wultsch, et al. "Occupational Health Aspects with Special Focus on Physiological Differences between Office and Metalworkers." Antioxidants 11, no. 4 (March 25, 2022): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11040633.

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Physical workload adversely impacts inflammation, oxidative stress and mood in heavy workers. We compared these risk parameters between metalworkers (n = 20) and office workers (n = 30), including gender differences. Blood samples were analyzed with thirty parameters to overview endocrinology, inflammation, and psychological and oxidative stress. Despite an adequate antioxidative supply, oxidative stress occurred in metalworkers, as indicated by significantly increased peroxide and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Moreover, increased concentrations were observed in this group regarding psychological

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32

Russo, Annamaria, Ester Tellone, Davide Barreca, Silvana Ficarra, and Giuseppina Laganà. "Implication of COVID-19 on Erythrocytes Functionality: Red Blood Cell Biochemical Implications and Morpho-Functional Aspects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 2171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042171.

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Several diseases (such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders) affect the morpho-functional aspects of red blood cells, sometimes altering their normal metabolism. In this review, the hematological changes are evaluated, with particular focus on the morphology and metabolic aspects of erythrocytes. Changes in the functionality of such cells may, in fact, help provide important information about disease severity and progression. The viral infection causes significant damage to the blood cells that are altered in size, rigidity, and distribution width. Lower levels of hemoglobin an

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33

Tain, You-Lin, and Chien-Ning Hsu. "Developmental and Early Life Origins of Hypertension: Preventive Aspects of Melatonin." Antioxidants 11, no. 5 (May 8, 2022): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050924.

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Hypertension represents a major disease burden worldwide. Abundant evidence suggests that hypertension can originate in early life. Adverse programming processes can be prevented by early life intervention—namely, reprogramming—to avoid developing chronic diseases later in life. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone with a multifaceted biological function. Although melatonin supplementation has shown benefits for human health, less attention has been paid to exploring its reprogramming effects on the early life origins of hypertension. In this review, first, we discuss the physiologica

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34

Hansson, Elisabeth, and Lars Rönnbäck. "Astroglial Receptors as Putative Targets for Neurotoxic Agents." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 16, no. 3 (March 1989): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119298901600311.

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Astrocytes respond to neurotoxins and play a crucial role in metabolic and structural nerve tissue dysfunction in diseases, such as epilepsy, degenerative diseases, hepatic encephalopathy, and in other toxic states. The cells make up part of the blood/brain barrier, thus being “aware of” blood-borne substances which can penetrate into the nervous tissue. The cells also extend processes into the synaptic regions and probably regulate neuronal activity. Cells respond to changes in their environment by means of specific receptors that detect incoming signals and translate the information into a f

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35

Nollet, Lukas, Matthias Van Gils, Shana Verschuere, and Olivier Vanakker. "The Role of Vitamin K and Its Related Compounds in Mendelian and Acquired Ectopic Mineralization Disorders." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092142.

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Ectopic mineralization disorders comprise a broad spectrum of inherited or acquired diseases characterized by aberrant deposition of calcium crystals in multiple organs, such as the skin, eyes, kidneys, and blood vessels. Although the precise mechanisms leading to ectopic calcification are still incompletely known to date, various molecular targets leading to a disturbed balance between pro- and anti-mineralizing pathways have been identified in recent years. Vitamin K and its related compounds, mainly those post-translationally activated by vitamin K-dependent carboxylation, may play an impor

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Hernández, Carolina, Aníbal Teherán, Carolina Flórez, and Juan David Ramírez. "Comparison of parasite loads in serum and blood samples from patients in acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease." Parasitology 145, no. 14 (April 17, 2018): 1837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182018000598.

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AbstractMolecular methods have been developed for the detection and quantification ofTrypanosoma cruziDNA in blood samples from patients with Chagas disease. However, aspects of sample processing necessary for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), such as the addition of guanidine hydrochloride to whole blood samples, may limit timely access to molecular diagnosis. We analysed 169 samples from serum and guanidine-EDTA blood (GEB) obtained from patients in acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease. We applied qPCR targeted to the satellite DNA region. Finally, we compared the parasite loads and c

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Pintilie, Sebastian Romeo, Alice D. Condrat, Adriana Fodor, Adela-Viviana Sitar-Tăut, Marc Damian, Cezar Login, Lucia Lotrean, et al. "Neuroprotective effects of physical exercise: Implications in health and disease." Romanian Medical Journal 68, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2021.3.9.

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Physical exercises have long been linked to numerous health improvements, ranging from cardiovascular to psychiatric. In this review, we take a closer look on its anatomical, physiological and chemical effects on the brain. Starting from the clinical to the cellular level, we will analyze the neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects on Brain-Blood Barrier and synaptic plasticity, outlining known molecular aspects that are influenced by physical activity, such as: gene expression, changes of growth factors and neurotransmitter levels and means of reverting molecular mechanisms of ageing. The bra

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Hirai, Nobuyasu, Kei Kasahara, Yoshihiko Ogawa, Yuki Suzuki, Naokuni Hishiya, Ryuichi Nakano, Hisakazu Yano, Masahide Yoshikawa, and Keiichi Mikasa. "130. Clinical Presentation and Molecular Epidemiology Characterization of Invasive GBS Infection in Nara, Japan from 2007 to 2016." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.205.

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Abstract Background Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), a leading cause of neonatal infections, also occurs as an invasive infection in elderly people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical aspect of invasive infections and the phenotypic and genetic diversity of GBS isolates to develop better antibiotics treatment and curb the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance in Nara, Japan. Methods GBS strains sequentially collected from blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures between 2007 and 2016 were identified and evaluated for capsular types, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antibiotic

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Yang, Guangrui, Jiayang Zhang, Tingting Jiang, James Monslow, Soon Yew Tang, Leslie Todd, Ellen Puré, Lihong Chen, and Garret A. FitzGerald. "Bmal1 Deletion in Myeloid Cells Attenuates Atherosclerotic Lesion Development and Restrains Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Hyperlipidemic Mice." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 40, no. 6 (June 2020): 1523–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.120.314318.

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Objective: Although the molecular components of circadian rhythms oscillate in discrete cellular components of the vasculature and many aspects of vascular function display diurnal variation, the cellular connections between the molecular clock and inflammatory cardiovascular diseases remain to be elucidated. Previously we have shown that pre- versus postnatal deletion of Bmal1 (brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 1), the nonredundant core clock gene has contrasting effects on atherogenesis. Here we investigated the effect of myeloid cell Bmal1 deletion on athe

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Yao, Pei-Li, Jeremy Peavey, and Goldis Malek. "Leveraging Nuclear Receptors as Targets for Pathological Ocular Vascular Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8 (April 21, 2020): 2889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082889.

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Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis are physiological mechanisms occurring throughout the body. Any disruption to the precise balance of blood vessel growth necessary to support healthy tissue, and the inhibition of abnormal vessel sprouting has the potential to negatively impact stages of development and/or healing. Therefore, the identification of key regulators of these vascular processes is critical to identifying therapeutic means by which to target vascular-associated compromises and complications. Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that have been shown to be involved in

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Rubattu, Speranza, and Massimo Volpe. "Natriuretic Peptides in the Cardiovascular System: Multifaceted Roles in Physiology, Pathology and Therapeutics." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 16 (August 16, 2019): 3991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163991.

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The natriuretic peptides (NPs) family includes a class of hormones and their receptors needed for the physiological control of cardiovascular functions. The discovery of NPs provided a fundamental contribution into our understanding of the physiological regulation of blood pressure, and of heart and kidney functions. NPs have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and stroke. A fine comprehension of the molecular mechanisms dependent from NPs and underlying the promotion of cardiovascular damag

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Bridle, Tristen G., Premkumari Kumarathasan, and Jürgen Gailer. "Toxic Metal Species and ‘Endogenous’ Metalloproteins at the Blood–Organ Interface: Analytical and Bioinorganic Aspects." Molecules 26, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 3408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113408.

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Globally, human exposure to environmental pollutants causes an estimated 9 million deaths per year and it could also be implicated in the etiology of diseases that do not appear to have a genetic origin. Accordingly, there is a need to gain information about the biomolecular mechanisms that causally link exposure to inorganic environmental pollutants with distinct adverse health effects. Although the analysis of blood plasma and red blood cell (RBC) cytosol can provide important biochemical information about these mechanisms, the inherent complexity of these biological matrices can make this a

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Tanaka, Masashi, Satoshi Saito, Takayuki Inoue, Noriko Satoh-Asahara та Masafumi Ihara. "Novel Therapeutic Potentials of Taxifolin for Amyloid-β-associated Neurodegenerative Diseases and Other Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, № 9 (30 квітня 2019): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092139.

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Amyloid-β (Aβ) has been closely implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the major causes of dementia. Thus, Aβ could be a target for the treatment of these diseases, for which, currently, there are no established effective treatments. Taxifolin is a bioactive catechol-type flavonoid present in various plants, such as herbs, and it exhibits pleiotropic effects including anti-oxidant and anti-glycation activities. Recently, we have demonstrated that taxifolin inhibits Aβ fibril formation in vitro and have further shown that it improves ce

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Kaczmarek, Radoslaw, Pawel Gajdzis, and Malgorzata Gajdzis. "Eph Receptors and Ephrins in Retinal Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 6207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126207.

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Retinal diseases are the leading cause of irreversible blindness. They affect people of all ages, from newborns in retinopathy of prematurity, through age-independent diabetic retinopathy and complications of retinal detachment, to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which occurs mainly in the elderly. Generally speaking, the causes of all problems are disturbances in blood supply, hypoxia, the formation of abnormal blood vessels, and fibrosis. Although the detailed mechanisms underlying them are varied, the common point is the involvement of Eph receptors and ephrins in their pathogenesis

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Kuzmin, I. V., and S. V. Kuzmina. "Anticholinergic therapy of an overactive bladder: clinical practice aspects." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 5 (2021): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-273-279.

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The review presents data on the epidemiology, clinical course and modern methods to the treatment of overactive bladder. It also describes the pharmacological bases of anticholinergic drug use, which are first-line in the treatment of this disease. The pharmacological and clinical aspects of the new M-holinoblocker, fesoterodine, are considered. The drug belongs to the competitive blockers of M2-and M3-cholinergic receptors. The conducted studies have shown the high clinical efficacy of fesoterodine. Due to the low lipophilicity and large molecular weight, the drug’s ability to penetrate the b

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Yolken, R. H., and E. F. Torrey. "Viruses, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 8, no. 1 (January 1995): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.8.1.131.

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The hypothesis that viruses or other infectious agents may cause schizophrenia or bipolar disorder dates to the 19th century but has recently been revived. It could explain many clinical, genetic, and epidemiologic aspects of these diseases, including the winter-spring birth seasonality, regional differences, urban birth, household crowding, having an older sibling, and prenatal exposure to influenza as risk factors. It could also explain observed immunological changes such as abnormalities of lymphocytes, proteins, autoantibodies, and cytokines. However, direct studies of viral infections in

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Atiakshin, Dmitrii A., Andrey A. Kostin, Ivan D. Trotsenko, Victoria V. Shishkina, Markus Tiemann, and Igor B. Buchwalow. "Carboxypeptidase A3 in the structure of the protease phenotype of mast cells: cytophysiological aspects." RUDN Journal of Medicine 26, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 9–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2022-26-1-9-33.

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Carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) is a specific protease of mast cells (MC) with variable expression and appears to be one of the preformed components of the secretome. CPA3 is involved in regulation of the state of a specifi tissue microenvironment and components of the integrative-buffer metabolic environment in adaptive and pathological processes; it affects implementation of the innate immunity, mechanisms of angiogenesis, processes of the extracellular matrix remodeling, etc. CPA3 identification using protocols of multiplex immunohistochemistry allows specifying details of the organ-specific mas

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48

Atiakshin, Dmitrii A., Andrey A. Kostin, Ivan D. Trotsenko, Victoria V. Shishkina, Markus Tiemann, and Igor B. Buchwalow. "Carboxypeptidase A3 in the structure of the protease phenotype of mast cells: cytophysiological aspects." RUDN Journal of Medicine 26, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2022-26-1-9-32.

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Carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) is a specific protease of mast cells (MC) with variable expression and appears to be one of the preformed components of the secretome. CPA3 is involved in regulation of the state of a specifi tissue microenvironment and components of the integrative-buffer metabolic environment in adaptive and pathological processes; it affects implementation of the innate immunity, mechanisms of angiogenesis, processes of the extracellular matrix remodeling, etc. CPA3 identification using protocols of multiplex immunohistochemistry allows specifying details of the organ-specific mas

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49

Veluswamy, Priya, Max Wacker, Dimitrios Stavridis, Thomas Reichel, Hendrik Schmidt, Maximilian Scherner, Jens Wippermann, and Guido Michels. "The SARS-CoV-2/Receptor Axis in Heart and Blood Vessels: A Crisp Update on COVID-19 Disease with Cardiovascular Complications." Viruses 13, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13071346.

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 disease has emerged expeditiously in the world and has been declared pandemic since March 2020, by World Health Organization (WHO). The destructive effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection are increased among the patients with pre-existing chronic conditions and, in particular, this review focuses on patients with underlying cardiovascular complications. The expression pattern and potential functions of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptors and the attributes of SARS-CoV-2 virus tropism in a physio-pathological state of heart and blood vessel are precisely described. Of not

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Xu, Jie, Xin Yu, and Zhimin Wang. "The Risk and Clinical Treatment of Hypertensive Diseases in Pregnant Women." BioMed Research International 2022 (September 5, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8480106.

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Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a group of pregnancy-related diseases characterized by the coexistence of pregnancy and elevated blood pressure, which seriously endanger the health of mothers and infants, and are one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal deaths. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the clinical analysis of vitamin E and astragalus in the adjuvant treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and to describe the learning model. This paper puts forward the problem of clinical treatment, which is established on the basis of adjuvant therapy, then narrates

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