Artículos de revistas: "BTP"

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Mercadante, Sebastiano, Paolo Marchetti, Arturo Cuomo, Augusto Caraceni, Rocco Mediati, Renato Vellucci, Massimo Mammucari et al. "Factors Influencing the Clinical Presentation of Breakthrough Pain in Cancer Patients". Cancers 10, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2018): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers10060175.

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Background: The aim of this study was to identify potential variables influencing the clinical presentation of breakthrough cancer pain (BTP). Methods: Cancer patients with a diagnosis of BTP were enrolled. Demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as background pain and BTP characteristics were collected. Multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the correlation between BTP characteristics and the variables examined. Results: Data of 4016 patients were analysed. Average daily number of BTP episodes was 2.4, mean intensity was 7.5, and a mean duration was 43.3 min. A short onset BTP was observed in 68.9% of patients. In 30.5% of patients BTP was predictable. There were 86.0% of participants who reported a marked interference of BTP with their daily activities. Furthermore, 86.8% of patients were receiving opioids for the management of BTP. The average time to meaningful pain relief was 16.5 min and 70.9% of patients were satisfied with their BTP medications. Age, head and neck cancer, Karnofsky, background pain intensity, predictable and fast onset BTP were independently associated with the number of BTP episodes. BTP pain intensity was independently associated with background pain intensity, fast onset BTP, and Karnofsky. Neuropathic pain mechanism was independently associated with unpredictable BTP. Variables independently associated with a longer duration of BTP were age, place of visit, cancer diagnosis, disease-oriented therapy, background pain intensity and mechanism, and unpredictable BTP. Age, Karnofsky, background pain intensity, fast onset, and long duration of BTP were independently associated with interference with daily activity. Conclusions: BTP has a variable presentation depending on interdependent relationships among its different characteristics.

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Clavijo, Claudia F., Rachael Rzasa Lynn, Uwe Christians y Jeffrey L. Galinkin. "Intranasal Fentanyl for Breakthrough Pain Control". Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics 4 (enero de 2012): CMT.S7298. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmt.s7298.

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Breakthrough pain (BTP) is experienced by approximately 65% of children and adults with chronic pain. Undiagnosed or untreated BTP produces negative emotional, physical, and economic consequences. BTP episodes have a rapid onset and short duration. Short acting oral opioids are the cornerstone of BTP management. Oral medications available to treat BTP episodes like immediate-release morphine or oxycodone have a delayed onset of action so that there is a mismatch between the episode of BTP and the effect of the oral opioids. Novel fentanyl delivery systems for BTP offer pharmacokinetic properties that match the time profile of BTP. Among the transmucosal routes, intranasal fentanyl has gained popularity due to its high bioavailability, rapid onset of action, high potency, short duration, and ease of administration. Its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated in adults who are opioid tolerant. Although children with chronic cancer pain also experience BTP, there is paucity of data on the use of intranasal fentanyl for BTP in this age group.

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Hai, Jiefeng, Siwei Luo, Han Yu, Honggang Chen, Zhenhuan Lu, Ling Li, Yingping Zou y He Yan. "Achieving ultra-narrow bandgap non-halogenated non-fullerene acceptors via vinylene π-bridges for efficient organic solar cells". Materials Advances 2, n.º 6 (2021): 2132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ma01017k.

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Gonella, Silvia, Riccardo Sperlinga, Veronica Sciannameo, Valerio Dimonte y Sara Campagna. "Characteristics of Breakthrough Pain and Its Impact on Quality of Life in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients". Integrative Cancer Therapies 18 (enero de 2019): 153473541985909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735419859095.

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Purpose. This study aimed to characterize breakthrough pain (BTP) and investigate its impact on quality-of-life (QoL) in terminally-ill cancer patients. Similarities and differences between high and low predictable BTP were also tested. Methods. Secondary analysis of a multicenter longitudinal observational study included 92 patients at their end-of-life. BTP was assessed with a short form of the Italian version of the Alberta Breakthrough Pain Assessment Tool. QoL was assessed with the Palliative Outcome Scale (0-40). Patients were stratified by self-reported BTP predictability into unpredictable BTP (never or rarely able to predict BTP) and predictable BTP (sometimes to always able to predict BTP). Results. In all, 665 BTP episodes were recorded (median 0.86 episodes/day). A median duration of 30 minutes and a median peak intensity score of 7 out of 10 were reported. Time to peak was <10 minutes, 10 to 30 minutes, and ≥30 minutes in 267 (41.1%), 259 (39.9%), and 30 (4.6%) of the episodes, respectively. Onset of relief occurred after a median of 30 minutes. Time to peak ( P < .001) and duration ( P = .046) of BTP was shorter in patients with predictable pain ( n = 31), who usually were younger than those with unpredictable pain ( P = .03). The mean (SD) QoL score was 14.6 (4.6). No difference in QoL between patients with predictable and unpredictable BTP was found ( P = .49). Conclusions. In terminally-ill cancer patients, BTP is a severe problem with a negative impact on QoL and has different characteristics according to its predictability.

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Lecybyl, Remigiusz y Magdi Hanna. "Breakthrough Pain: Focus on Fentanyl Buccal Tablet". Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics 2 (enero de 2010): 1179559X1000200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179559x1000200001.

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Breakthrough pain (BTP) management is an unmet clinical need. BTP is poorly diagnosed, rarely evaluated and inadequately treated. BTP is transitory exacerbation of pain experienced by the patient who has relatively stable and adequately controlled baseline pain. BTP is reported to be common in adults and children with cancer as well as in non-cancer diseases associated with acute/chronic pain. Successful management of breakthrough pain depends on adequate assessment, appropriate treatment (cause of pain and symptomatic) and adequate reassessment. Ideal medication for BTP should be characterized with good efficacy and minimal side effects. Pharmacodynamic profile should mimic dynamics of BTP. Strong, short acting analgesics (e.g. opioids) administrated by route which allow quick action had potential to fulfil criteria for ideal ‘rescue’ medication for BTP. Fentanyl Buccal tablets (FBT; Fentora®, Frazer, PA, Cephalon Inc.) is novel delivery system for fentanyl citrate. FBT utilize OraVescent (r) technology to improve bioavability and speed of transmucosal delivery. Alternate routes of administration could further improve efficacy of BTP management. Intranasal and intrapulmonary routes are under exploration. Recently introduced new delivery systems for opioids medication do represent an improvements in BTP management, however BTP is still a major challenge to pain and palliative physicians.

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Narayana, Arvind, Nathaniel Katz, Alicia Shillington, Judith J. Stephenson, Carla B. Frye y Russell Portenoy. "Effect of breakthrough pain on functional status, pain interference, and disability in cancer patients: Findings from the national breakthrough pain survey." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2013): 6627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6627.

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6627 Background: Few studies have evaluated the epidemiology of breakthrough pain (BTP) in community-dwelling populations with cancer and chronic pain. The National Breakthrough Pain Survey (NBTPS) assessed the prevalence, characteristics, and impact of BTP in a large commercially-insured population and determined the BTP-associated functional impairments and disability in cancer patients with controlled, persistent pain. Methods: Administrative claims from the HealthCore Integrated Research Database were utilized to identify commercially-insured adult patients with ≥2 medical claims at an interval ≥3 months with an ICD-9-CM code indicating a chronic pain condition (cancer or noncancer) and ≥3 opioid prescription claims. Patients were called and, after consent, completed the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) by interview. Data from patients with cancer and controlled, persistent pain were included in this subanalysis. Results: Of 2198 patients surveyed, 1279 had controlled, persistent pain. Of these, 145 had cancer pain, 77.2% of whom reported BTP (BTP, 112; no BTP, 33). Compared to those without BTP, cancer patients with BTP had significantly higher total BPI pain interference scores (mean±SD 34.7±14.5 vs 23.4±16.7, P=.001) and significantly greater global functional impairment on the SDS (mean±SD 16.8±8.3 vs 12.4±8.3, P=.028). There also was a non-significant finding of decreased quality of life, as assessed by SF-12 physical and mental component scale scores, among cancer patients with BTP vs no BTP (mean±SD 27.8±9.1 vs 32.2±10.1, P=.11, and 47.0±11.9 vs 49.4±11.6, P=1.0, respectively). Conclusions: In a sample of commercially-insured patients, cancer patients with controlled, persistent pain and BTP had greater pain-related functional impairments and disability than those with controlled, persistent pain and no BTP. These data suggest that BTP is clinically important among populations receiving cancer care in the community.

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White, Christine A., Ayub Akbari, Steve Doucette, Dean Fergusson, Naser Hussain, Laurent Dinh, Guido Filler, Nathalie Lepage y Greg A. Knoll. "A Novel Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Beta-Trace Protein". Clinical Chemistry 53, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 2007): 1965–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.090126.

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Abstract Background: Beta-trace protein (BTP) is a low molecular weight glycoprotein that is a more sensitive marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than serum creatinine. The utility of BTP has been limited by the lack of an equation to translate BTP into an estimate of GFR. The objectives of this study were to develop a BTP-based GFR estimation equation. Methods: We measured BTP and GFR by 99mtechnetium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid in 163 stable adult renal transplant recipients. Stepwise multiple regression models were created to predict GFR corrected for body surface area. The following variables were considered for entry into the model: BTP, urea, sex, albumin, creatinine, age, and race. Results: BTP alone accounted for 75.6% of variability in GFR. The model that included all the predictor variables had the largest coefficient of determination (R2) at 0.821. The model with only BTP, urea, and sex had only a slightly lower R2 of 0.81 and yielded the following equation: GFR mL · min−1 · (1.73 m2)−1 = 112.1 × BTP−0.662 × Urea−0.280 × (0.88 if female). A 2nd equation (R2 = 0.79) using creatinine instead of urea was also developed: GFR mL · min−1 · (1.73 m2)−1 = 1.678 × BTP−0.758 × creatinine−0.204 × (0.871 if female). Conclusions: We have shown that BTP can be used in a simple equation to estimate GFR. Further study is needed in other populations to determine accuracy and clinical utility of this equation.

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Payen, D. y J. Boulat. "LARA-BTP : Méthode d’évaluation du risque chimique dans le BTP". Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 67, n.º 2 (mayo de 2006): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1775-8785(06)78063-8.

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Torres, Luis Miguel, Antonio Javier Jiménez, Ana Cabezón y Manuel Jesús Rodríguez. "Prevalence and Characterization of Breakthrough Pain Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain in the South of Spain: A Cross-Sectional, Multicenter, Observational Study". Pain Research and Treatment 2018 (23 de abril de 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4325271.

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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is highly prevalent in industrialized countries, where it is one of the main causes of disability. Patients with CLBP in treatment with opioids often experience episodes of breakthrough pain (BTP), but data on prevalence and treatment preferences are scarce. The objectives of this study were, first, the evaluation of the prevalence of BTP in patients with CLBP in the South of Spain (N=1,868) and, second, the characterization of BTP in these patients (N=295). Data was collected on presence of BTP, type and location of pain, treatment, compliance, and patient satisfaction. We found a prevalence of BTP in patients with CLBP of 37.5% (95% CI: 35.3%–39.7%), similar in men and women. 75% of the patients were older than 50 years. The preferred drug of patients who control BTP with opioids is fentanyl (78.3%) and its most common form of administration is nasal (53.2%). Therapeutic compliance was high and 46.3% of patients considered the control of their BTP very satisfactory. Our study showed that BTP is common in patients with CLBP and that current treatments seem adequate.

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Yendri, Okma, Erna Purnama Sari y Rizaldi. "Debit Air pada Saluran Sekunder Bendung Tanah Priuk Akibat Kolam Ikan Air Deras di Kabupaten Musi Rawas". BENTANG : Jurnal Teoritis dan Terapan Bidang Rekayasa Sipil 8, n.º 1 (15 de enero de 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/bentang.v8i1.1948.

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The Kelingi Tugumulyo Irrigation Area is a permanent weir irrigation that runs through the building for the Satan Muara Beliti Water channel. Secondary Air Satan Muara Beliti channel has 5 buildings with the main function to flow the water through the rice fields in the Mara Beliti sub-district. Problems that arise in the distribution of water are the loss of irrigation water due to the pool of swift water and infiltration of water into the soil if the soil is saturated. These problems cause a lack of discharge for the fulfillment of irrigation water due to water loss in the secondary channel. The method used in assessing the Evaluation of Irrigation Water Provision from the Watervang Dam for Satan Water Secondary Channels was by analyzing the data of maximum discharge, minimum discharge, and average discharge of the Watervang Dam as well as calculating water demand and water availability in the Satan Muara Beliti Water Irrigation Area. There are three results about Tanah Priuk 1 weir channel (BTP1) condition. First, based on the plan discharge, according to the Kelugi Tugumulyo Irrigation network scheme, debit from BTP 1 to BTP 2 was 30.10 l/s, whereas the result from field calculation through the use of current meter was 7.89 l/sec; it means the lack of water from the plan for BTP 1 - BTP 2 which is 22.21 l/sec. Second, the debit from BTP 2 to BTP 3 was 10.80 l/sec, whereas the result from field calculation through the use of current meter was 6.20 l/s; it means the lack of water from the plan for BTP 2 - BTP 3 was 4.60 l/sec. Third, the debit from BTP 4 to BTP 5 was 11.10 l/sec, whereas the result from field calculation through the use of current meter was 6.92 l/s; it means the lack of water from the plan for BTP 4 - BTP 5 was 4.18 l/sec . It concluded that the secondary channel from BTP 5 to the village of Bali has insufficient water.

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Gatti, Antonio, Marta Gentili, Marco Baciarello, Marzia Lazzari, Rossella Marzi, Elisa Palombo, Alessandro F. Sabato y Guido Fanelli. "Breakthrough Pain in Patients with Controlled or Uncontrolled Pain: An Observational Study". Pain Research and Management 19, n.º 6 (2014): e168-e171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/646312.

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BACKGROUND: Breakthrough pain (BTP) is traditionally defined as a pain exacerbation in patients with chronic controlled pain. However, this definition has recently been challenged.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of unsatisfactory control in patients with chronic cancer pain, and investigate the frequency and intensity of BTP episodes.METHODS: A total of 665 patients with chronic cancer pain attending 21 pain therapy units in Italy were evaluated for baseline pain intensity and number of BTP episodes over a 30-day period. All patients started, continued or modified treatment for BTP at enrollment, according to medical judgment.RESULTS: The number of BTP events was higher in patients with uncontrolled baseline pain, although the intensity and duration of episodes were similar. In patients with uncontrolled baseline pain, the number of events decreased with time and reached values comparable with those reported in patients with controlled pain. Both the intensity of the pain and the duration of the BTP events exhibited similar values in the two groups at all time points, following increased monitoring and the prescription of analgesic medication.CONCLUSION: Patients with uncontrolled baseline pain experienced BTP flares with higher frequency, but similar intensity and duration with respect to patients with controlled pain at baseline. Notably, a close follow-up and adequate management of the BTP episodes led to an improvement of BTP in the observed patients.

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Wang, Chun Sheng. "Information-Entropy-Based Integrated Model for Predicting Burn-Through Point in Lead-Zinc Sintering Process". Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (noviembre de 2011): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.40.

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This paper presents an information-entropy-based integrated model for predicting the burn-through point (BTP) in lead-zinc sintering process. First, a fuzzy T-S prediction model for BTP was established to deal with the uncertainty of the vertical burning speed. Considering the BTP is also affected by process parameters, a neural network (NN) prediction model for BTP was then built. Finally, an integrated model for predicting the BTP was constructed by combining the above two models using the recursive entropy algorithm. The practical running results demonstrate the validity of the proposed integrated predictive model.

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Li, Ping, Bo Ke, Jian Zhang y Xianfeng Chen. "Numerical Investigation of the Chemical Effect and Inhibition Effect Improvement of C3H2F3Br (2-BTP) Using the Perfectly Stirred Reactor Model". Energies 11, n.º 10 (8 de octubre de 2018): 2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102670.

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The overall chemical rate and chemical effect of CF3Br, 2-BTP and 2-BTP/CO2 with hydrocarbon flames are calculated using the perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) model. The chemical effects of CF3Br with CH4/air flames always inhibit combustion. The chemical saturation concentration of CF3Br in stoichiometric and lean (Φ = 0.6) CH4/air flames at 298 K and 1 bar is roughly 2.5% and 0.8%, respectively. The overall chemical rate of 2-BTP with moist C3H8/air flames is always less than the uninhibited condition and fluctuates with sub-inerting agent additions. The net chemical effect variation of 2-BTP is more complicated than experimented and calculated flame speeds with 2-BTP added to lean hydrocarbon flames. There are negative chemical effects (chemical combustion effects) with certain sub-inerting 2-BTP concentrations (0.015 ≤ Xa ≤ 0.034), which result in the experimented unwanted combustion enhancement in lean moist C3H8/air flames. CO2 can obviously improve the inhibition effect of 2-BTP in lean moist C3H8/air flames, driving negative chemical effects (enhance combustion) into positive chemical effects (inhibit combustion) with lean moist C3H8/air flames. No enhanced combustion would occur with the blends (2-BTP/CO2) when CO2 addition is larger than 4% in Φ = 0.6 moist C3H8/air flames at 298 K and 1 bar.

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Wajda, Justyna, Paulina Dumnicka, Mateusz Sporek, Barbara Maziarz, Witold Kolber, Anna Ząbek-Adamska, Piotr Ceranowicz, Marek Kuźniewski y Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala. "Does Beta-Trace Protein (BTP) Outperform Cystatin C as a Diagnostic Marker of Acute Kidney Injury Complicating the Early Phase of Acute Pancreatitis?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, n.º 1 (11 de enero de 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010205.

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Acute pancreatitis (AP) belongs to the commonest acute gastrointestinal conditions requiring hospitalization. Acute kidney injury (AKI) often complicates moderately severe and severe AP, leading to increased mortality. Among the laboratory markers proposed for early diagnosis of AKI, few have been studied in AP, including cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Beta-trace protein (BTP), a low-molecular-weight glycoprotein proposed as an early marker of decreased glomerular filtration, has never been studied in AP. We investigated the diagnostic usefulness of serum BTP for early diagnosis of AKI complicating AP in comparison to previously studied markers. BTP was measured in serum samples collected over the first three days of hospital stay from 73 adult patients admitted within 24 h of mild to severe AP. Thirteen patients (18%) developed AKI in the early phase of AP. Serum BTP was higher in patients who developed AKI, starting from the first day of hospitalization. Strong correlations were observed between BTP and serum cystatin C but not serum or urine NGAL. On admission, BTP positively correlated with endothelial dysfunction. The diagnostic usefulness of BTP for AKI was similar to cystatin C and lower than NGAL. Increased BTP is an early predictor of AKI complicating AP. However, it does not outperform cystatin C or NGAL.

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Chen, Weiwang, Xiaomeng Zhou y Yajun Han. "Theoretical and experimental studies on the atmospheric degradation of 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, n.º 32 (2015): 20543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp01457c.

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2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (2-BTP) is applied in confined places as a potential Halon replacement. This work reports the atmospheric degradation products and the mechanism of 2-BTP, and results show BTP to be an environmentally acceptable compound.

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Latendresse, J. R., C. L. Brooks y C. C. Capen. "Toxic Effects of Butylated Triphenyl Phosphate-based Hydraulic Fluid and Tricresyl Phosphate in Female F344 Rats". Veterinary Pathology 32, n.º 4 (julio de 1995): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589503200408.

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Triaryl phosphates, including tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and butylated triphenyl phosphates (BTP), are used in the commercial manufacture of plastics, lubricants, and hydraulic fluids. Recent reports implicate these compounds as endocrine and reproductive toxicants that can cause cholesteryl lipidosis in adrenocortical (AC) and ovarian interstitial (OI) cells, suggesting altered metabolism of steroid hormones or cholesterol or of both. We investigated potential mechanisms of BTP and TCP toxicity to determine if there were functional abnormalities of the adrenal cortex or ovary. Groups of intact (nine or 12) and ovariectomized (six) female F344 rats, 10-12 weeks of age, received 0, 0.4 g/kg TCP, or 1.7 g/kg BTP in sesame oil vehicle or 1.7 g/kg neat BTP for 20, 40, or 60 days. All rats administered BTP and TCP developed cholesteryl lipidosis in AC and OI cells; the TCP-treated group was most severely affected. Serum concentrations of androstenedione and corticosterone were unchanged, but estradiol levels were significantly ( P < 0.05) elevated in BTP- and TCP-treated groups (14.5 times and 37.5 times greater than controls, respectively). Vaginal cytology revealed that BTP- but not TCP-treated females had abnormal reproductive cycles that were significantly prolonged in diestrus (3 times greater than control). There were significant elevations in serum total cholesterol (TCP-treated group was 1.3 times greater than controls), low-density lipoprotein (TCP-treated group was 1.8 times greater than controls), alanine transaminase (BTP-treated group was 2 times greater than controls), and albumin (a major serum estradiol-binding protein; BTP-treated group was 4.6 g/dl vs. 3.6 g/dl for controls). Liver weights (134% that of controls) and P-450 enzymes (3 times greater than controls) were significantly increased in BTP-treated rats. Abnormal reproductive cycles, elevated serum albumin, and increased hepatic P-450 concentration suggested fecundity could be affected in female rats exposed to BTP, most likely because of altered liver metabolism. Ovariectomized BTP-treated and control rats had similarly increased uterine weights after challenge with estradiol and estradiol benzoate, indicating that triaryl phosphate-induced esterase inhibition or other xenobiotic-induced block of hormone action in estradiol-responsive tissues was not responsible for the prolonged diestrus in rats with elevated serum estradiol. The pathogenesis of the cholesteryl lipidosis induced by TCP and BTP appeared to be separate from the reproductive effects because the lipidosis was most severe in TCP-treated rats, which had normal reproductive cycles and fertility.

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Li, Yun, Yunhao Cai, Yuanpeng Xie, Junhua Song, Hongbo Wu, Zheng Tang, Jie Zhang, Fei Huang y Yanming Sun. "A facile strategy for third-component selection in non-fullerene acceptor-based ternary organic solar cells". Energy & Environmental Science 14, n.º 9 (2021): 5009–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ee01864g.

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We synthesized three fluorinated non-fullerene acceptors, BTP-F, Y6-F and L8-BO-F, and further used them as the third components to fabricate ternary organic solar cells. The PM6:BTP-eC9:BTP-F ternary device yielded a high efficiency of 18.45%.

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Oostendorp, Linda JM, Dilini Rajapakse, Paula Kelly, Joanna Crocker, Andrew Dinsdale, Lorna Fraser y Myra Bluebond-Langner. "Documentation of breakthrough pain in narrative clinical records of children with life-limiting conditions: Feasibility of a retrospective review". Journal of Child Health Care 23, n.º 4 (21 de noviembre de 2018): 564–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367493518807312.

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This study explored the feasibility of generating reliable information on the frequency, nature and management of breakthrough pain (BTP) in children with life-limiting conditions and life-threatening illnesses (LTIs) from narrative clinical records. In the absence of standardized ways for documenting BTP, we conducted a consensus exercise to develop a glossary of terms that could denote BTP in the records. Thirteen clinicians who contributed to the records reached consensus on 45 terms which could denote BTP, while emphasizing the importance of contextual information. The results of this approach together with guidance for improving the reliability of retrospective reviews informed a data extraction instrument. A pilot test of this instrument showed poor agreement between raters. Given the challenges encountered, we do not recommend a retrospective review of BTP using narrative records. This study highlighted challenges of data extraction for complex symptoms such as BTP from narrative clinical records. For both clinical and research purposes, the recording of complex symptoms such as BTP would benefit from clear criteria for applying definitions, a more structured format and the inclusion of validated assessment tools. This study also showed the value of consensus exercises in improving understanding and interpretation of clinical notes within a service.

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von Spreckelsen, Niklas, Yarah Ghotmi, Colin Fadzen, Justin Wolfe, Nina Hartrampf, Sonja Bergmann, Yuan Qu et al. "DDIS-36. BTP-7, A NOVEL PEPTIDE FOR THERAPEUTIC TARGETING OF MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS". Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (noviembre de 2019): vi71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.287.

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Abstract High-grade gliomas are deadly cancers, and current standard-of-care has demonstrated limited success. The ability to specifically target glioma cells allows for the development of safer and more efficacious brain cancer therapy strategies. Brevican, a CNS-specific extracellular matrix protein is upregulated in glioma cells and its expression correlates with tumor progression. Particularly, a brevican isoform lacking glycosylation, B/bΔg is a unique glioma marker and not expressed in non-cancerous tissues. Therefore, B/bΔg represents a valuable target for anti-cancer strategies. Here, we describe the utilization of state-of-the-art platforms to screen a one-bead-one-compound combinatorial peptide library to discover a novel “B/bΔg-Targeting Peptides”, called BTP-7 that can bind B/bΔg with high affinity and specificity. BTP-7 displayed 260 nanomolar affinity for recombinant B/bΔg protein. Binding to a specific site on B/bΔg was confirmed in a competitive binding assay using BTP-7 functionalized with a UV-crosslinker and BTP-7 had little association with the fully glycosylated isoform of brevican (control). Scrambling of the BTP-7 sequence led to complete abrogation of B/bΔg binding. Furthermore, BTP-7 is preferentially taken up by B/bΔg-expressing glioma cells compared with non-expressing cells. We also discovered that BTP-7 can cross the blood-brain barrier in both the in vitro BBB organoid model and in mice. BTP-7 displayed 10x greater binding to intracranial GBM-6 tumors than control peptides, and 4x higher tumor uptake than in normal brain tissues. Conjugation of BTP-7 to camptothecin (an anti-tumor drug) via a cleavable linker led to increased DNA damage in intracranial GBM-6 tumors and prolonged survival in tumor-bearing mice. Our results show the potential of BTP-7 for the development of next-generation targeted therapeutics that could greatly benefit the outcome of patients with advanced brain cancer.

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Webster, Jeffrey Dean, Jonte Vowinckel y Xiaodong Ma. "The meaning of temporal balance: Does meaning in life mediate the relationship between a balanced time perspective and mental health?" Europe’s Journal of Psychology 17, n.º 1 (26 de febrero de 2021): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.2415.

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The construct of a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) predicts a variety of indices of mental health and well-being. We argue that one possible intermediate link between BTP and well-being may be an individual’s sense of presence of meaning in life. Participants ranging in age from 19 to 88 years (N = 192) completed two measures of time perspective (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory [ZTPI] and the modified Balanced Time Perspective Scale [mBTPS]), mental health, personality, and meaning in life. Correlational results showed that a BTP, mental health, and meaning in life were positively interrelated. Hierarchical regression models showed that a BTP (as measured with the mBTPS) explained additional variance in mental health beyond demographic, personality, and ZTPI scores. Mediation analyses showed that meaning served as a significant indirect link between BTP and well-being.

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Wahyudi, Jatmiko. "MENGENALI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PANGAN BERBAHAYA : ULASAN". Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK 13, n.º 1 (28 de abril de 2017): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33658/jl.v13i1.88.

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ENGLISHSeveral studies founded the usage of hazardous materials for food additives in many parts of Indonesia. Stakeholders especially The Government already implemented policies to against the abuse of hazardous food additives like the enactment of food regulations and food safety promotions. Many factors cause many people still using and distributing hazardous food additives (e.g. economic factors, knowledge and law enforcement). This paper provides an overview of types hazardous food additives and the negative impacts of consuming the additives on health emphasizing in the most popular of hazardous food additives namely formalin, borax and rhodamine B. In general, consuming the additives causes long-term health problems like cancer. However, consuming the additives in high dosage will make the consumers experiencing chronic poisoning and even causing death. Campaigns regarding food safety followed by law enforcement are very important actions to be done to eliminate the abuse of hazardous food additives. INDONESIABeberapa studi menunjukkan banyaknya penggunaan bahan yang berbahaya dan dilarang untuk digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan. Pihak terkait khususnya pemerintah telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan untuk menekan penyalahgunaan BTP antara lain dengan pemberlakuan peraturan dan sosialisasi mengenai BTP. Beberapa faktor menjadi penyebab masih maraknya penggunaan BTP berbahaya antara lain faktor ekonomi, pengetahuan dan penegakan hukum. Ulasan ini akan memaparkan mengenai jenis BTP berbahaya yang sering digunakan dan dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat mengkonsumsi BTP tersebut bagi kesehatan dengan menekankan pada 3 jenis bahan terlarang yang paling sering digunakan sebagai BTP yaitu formalin, boraks dan Rhodamin B. Secara umum, mengkonsumsi BTP berbahaya akan memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan dalam jangka panjang misalnya kanker. Namun, konsumsi BTP berbahaya dengan dosis yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan efek negatif langsung pada kesehatan misalnya keracunan bahkan kematian. Sosialisasi diikuti dengan penegakan hukum perlu terus dilakukan untuk mengatasi penyalahgunaan BTP berbahaya.

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Little, Dustin J., Christina M. Yuan, John S. Thurlow, Verena Gounden, Sonia Q. Doi, Alison Pruziner, Kevin C. Abbott, Brett J. Theeler y Stephen W. Olson. "Effects of Traumatic Amputation on β-Trace Protein and β2-Microglobulin Concentrations in Male Soldiers". American Journal of Nephrology 42, n.º 6 (2015): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000443775.

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Background: Serum creatinine (SCr) levels are decreased following traumatic amputation, leading to the overestimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). β-Trace protein (BTP) and β2-microglobulin (B2M) strongly correlate with measured GFR and have not been studied following amputation. We hypothesized that BTP and B2M would be unaffected by traumatic amputation. Methods: We used the Department of Defense Serum Repository to compare pre- and post-traumatic amputation serum BTP and B2M levels in 33 male soldiers, via the N Latex BTP and B2M nephelometric assays (Siemens Diagnostics, Tarrytown, N.Y., USA). Osterkamp estimation using DEXA scan measurements was used to establish percent estimated body weight loss (%EBWL). Results were analyzed for small (3-5.9% EBWL), medium (6-13.5%), and large (>13.5%) amputation subgroups; and for a control group matched 1:1 to the 12 large amputation subjects. Paired Student's t test was used for comparisons. Results: Mean serum BTP levels were unchanged in controls, all amputees, and the small and medium amputation subgroups. BTP appeared to decrease following large %EBWL amputation (p = 0.05). Mean serum B2M levels were unchanged in controls, all amputees, and the small and medium amputation subgroups. B2M appeared to increase following large %EBWL amputation (p = 0.05). Conclusions: BTP and B2M levels are less affected than SCr by amputation, and should be considered for future study of GFR estimation. BTP and B2M changes following large %EBWL amputation require validation and may offer insight into non-GFR BTP and B2M determinants as well as increased cardiovascular disease and mortality following amputation. This is a work of the US Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the USA. Foreign copyrights may apply. Published by S. Karger AG, Basel

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Campagna, Sara, Riccardo Sperlinga, Antonella Milo, Simona Sannuto, Fabio Acquafredda, Andrea Saini, Silvia Gonella, Alfredo Berruti, Giorgio Scagliotti y Marco Tampellini. "The Circadian Rhythm of Breakthrough Pain Episodes in Terminally-ill Cancer Patients". Cancers 11, n.º 1 (24 de diciembre de 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11010018.

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Opioid therapy must be adjusted to the rhythm of a cancer patient’s pain to ensure adequate symptom control at the end of life (EOL). However, to-date no study has explored the rhythm of breakthrough pain (BTP) episodes in terminally-ill cancer patients. This prospective longitudinal study was aimed at verifying the existence of a circadian rhythm of BTP episodes in terminally-ill cancer patients. Consecutive adult cancer patients at their EOL treated with long-acting major opioids to control background pain (Numeric Rating Scale ≤ 3/10) were recruited from two Italian palliative care services. Using a personal diary, patients recorded the frequency and onset of BTP episodes and the analgesic rescue therapy taken for each episode over a 7-day period. Rhythms identified in BTP episodes were validated by Cosinor analysis. Overall, 101 patients were enrolled; nine died during the study period. A total of 665 BTP episodes were recorded (average of 7.2 episodes, mean square error 0.8) per patient, with 80.6% of episodes recorded between 8:00 a.m. and 12:00 a.m. At Cosinor analysis, a circadian rhythm of BTP episodes was observed, with a Midline Estimating Statistics of the Rhythm (MESOR) of 1.5, a double amplitude of 1.8, and an acrophase at 12:30 p.m. (p < 0.001). Oral morphine was the most frequent analgesic rescue therapy employed. In terminally-ill cancer patients, BTP episodes follow a circadian rhythm; thus, tailoring the timing of opioid administration to this rhythm may prevent such episodes. This circadian rhythm of BTP episodes in terminally-ill cancer patients should be confirmed in larger samples.

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Liang, Yan-Ni, Xia Yang, Songdong Ding, Shoujian Li, Fan Wang, Zhifang Chai y Dongqi Wang. "Computational thermodynamic study on the complexes of Am(iii) with tridentate N-donor ligands". New Journal of Chemistry 39, n.º 10 (2015): 7716–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj01285f.

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Ahmed, Arif, Sushma Bhatnagar, Deepa khurana, Saurabh Joshi y Sanjay Thulkar. "Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Treatment of Intercostal Nerves for the Prevention of Incidental Pain Arising Due to Rib Metastasis". American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 34, n.º 2 (11 de julio de 2016): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909115617933.

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Background: Breakthrough pain (BTP) arising due to rib metastasis is very distressing and often very difficult to manage by titration of traditional analgesics. This study is undertaken to determine the efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) treatment of intercostal nerves for the prevention of BTP. Methods: The RF treatment of the intercostal nerves was carried out in 25 patients with uncontrolled BTP arising out of the rib metastasis. The intensity and episode of BTP, background pain, opioid dose, functional status (Karnofky score), and quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey [SF-36]) were noted at baseline visit and subsequently after the RF treatment. Results: After the RF treatment, there was more than 50% decrease in both intensity and frequency of BTP in more than 50% of patients for 3 months, and there was more than 50% decrease in BTP opioid dose in more than 50% of patients throughout the study period. There was also significant improvement in background pain, functional status, and the quality of life after the RF. Interestingly, pain relief, lowering of opioid dose, and functional status improvement were found mostly in patients with mixed and neuropathic type of pain and in patients in whom the metastasis were confined to the ribs only. Conclusion: RF of the intercostal nerves is effective in preventing and deceasing the severity of BTP arising due to rib metastasis in selected group of patients with mixed and neuropathic type of pain and with the metastasis involving the ribs only.

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Filler, Guido, Friedrich Priem, Nathalie Lepage, Pranav Sinha, Ilka Vollmer, Heather Clark, Erin Keely et al. "β-Trace Protein, Cystatin C, β2-Microglobulin, and Creatinine Compared for Detecting Impaired Glomerular Filtration Rates in Children". Clinical Chemistry 48, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2002): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/48.5.729.

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Abstract Background: Because of the limitations of serum creatinine as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the novel marker β-trace protein (BTP) in comparison with cystatin C (Cys-C), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and creatinine as conventional indicators of reduced GFR. Methods: We obtained serum samples from 225 children (age range, 0.2–18 years) with various renal pathologies who were referred for nuclear medicine clearance investigations (technetium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid or chromium-EDTA). We measured Cys-C, BTP (nephelometric tests; Dade Behring), β2-MG (Tinaquant; Roche), and creatinine (enzymatic assay; Creatinine-PAP; Roche). Results: Seventy-five children had reduced GFR (<90 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2). One hundred fifty children (independent of gender and age) with values >90 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2 comprised the control group with gaussian distributions of BTP and Cys-C concentrations. The upper reference limits (97.5 percentile) were 1.01 mg/L for BTP and 1.20 mg/L for Cys-C. The correlations of nuclear medicine clearance with the reciprocals of BTP, Cys-C, and the Schwartz GFR estimate were significantly higher (r = 0.653, 0.765, and 0.706, respectively; P <0.05) than with the reciprocal of creatinine or β2-MG (r = 0.500 and 0.557, respectively). ROC analysis showed a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy of BTP, Cys-C, and the GFR estimate for the detection of impaired GFR than serum creatinine (P <0.05). Compared to creatinine, BTP increased the diagnostic sensitivity by ∼30%, but it was not more sensitive than Cys-C or the Schwartz GFR estimate. Conclusions: BTP is superior to serum creatinine and an alternative for Cys-C to detect mildly reduced GFR in children, but it is not better than the Schwartz GFR estimate.

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Shafieipour, Mohammad, Heng-Siong Lim y Teong-Chee Chuah. "Decoding of Turbo Codes in Symmetric Alpha-Stable Noise". ISRN Signal Processing 2011 (29 de marzo de 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/683972.

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This paper investigates the decoding of turbo codes in impulsive symmetric α-stable (SαS) noise. Due to the nonexistence of a closed-form expression for the probability density function (pdf) of α-stable processes, numerical-based SαS pdf is used to derive branch transition probability (btp) for the maximum a posteriori turbo decoder. Results show that in Gaussian noise, the turbo decoder achieves similar performance using both the conventional and the proposed btps, but in impulsive channels, the turbo decoder with the proposed btp substantially outperforms the turbo decoder utilizing the conventional btp. Results also confirm that the turbo decoder incorporating the proposed btp outperforms the existing Cauchy-based turbo decoder in non-Cauchy impulsive noise, while the two decoders accomplish similar performance in Cauchy noise.

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Gathura, Josephine Eva, Amro Elfeky, Rodney McLaren, David Herzog y Richard Grazi. "Spontaneous Bilateral Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy in a Low-Risk Patient: A Case Report with Implications for Preoperative Patient Counseling". Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021 (19 de junio de 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5588869.

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Bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancies (BTP) are the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy. They are difficult to diagnose preoperatively, and an evidence-based guideline for management does not exist. In this report, we discuss a 35-year-old patient who presented with suspected right tubal ectopic pregnancy. BTP was diagnosed intraoperatively, and a laparoscopic bilateral salpingectomy was performed without complication. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by pathology. This case highlights the importance of patient counseling and comprehensive preoperative planning. Due to the poor presurgical diagnosis of BTP, patient counseling should include the possibility of BTP, appropriate options for management, and potential loss of fertility following treatment. In addition, all cases of suspected ectopic pregnancy necessitate a thorough preoperative investigation of bilateral adnexa and intraoperative inspection of the pelvis.

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Du, Sheng, Min Wu, Xin Chen, Xuzhi Lai y Weihua Cao. "Intelligent Coordinating Control Between Burn-Through Point and Mixture Bunker Level in an Iron Ore Sintering Process". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 21, n.º 1 (20 de enero de 2017): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0139.

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Sintering is a process that involves complex physical and chemical reactions. An intelligent coordinating control strategy is proposed for the strong coupling between the burn-through point (BTP) and the mixture bunker level (MBL). First, an intelligent integrated controller is established for the BTP by fusing the neural network, expert rules, and fuzzy logic. Moreover, an expert controller is designed for the MBL based on expert rules using the analysis of the main factors that affect the MBL. Furthermore, by employing the soft switching control algorithm, an intelligent coordinating controller for the BTP and the MBL is designed. The optimal operation parameters are obtained from the algorithm, which realize the multi-objective control of the sintering process. Finally, a simulation and an experiment of the intelligent coordinating control between the BTP and the MBL are carried out, where the models of the BTP and the MBL are the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model and the linear model, respectively. And the results show that the proposed approach is feasible and effective.

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Peschillo, Simone, Alessandro Caporlingua, Delia Cannizzaro, Mariachiara Resta, Nicola Burdi, Luca Valvassori, Guglielmo Pero y Giuseppe Lanzino. "Flow diverter stent treatment for ruptured basilar trunk perforator aneurysms". Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 8, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2014): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011511.

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ObjectiveBasilar trunk perforator (BTP) aneurysms are rare. Treatment options traditionally considered for these uncommon lesions have included direct surgery, endovascular therapy, or conservative management. Flow diverters represent a newer therapeutic option for BTP aneurysms but pitfalls and complications are unknown. We describe three patients with BTP aneurysms treated with flow diverter stents.MethodsAll three patients had ruptured BTP aneurysms and, after loading doses of dual antiplatelet agents, underwent treatment with a flow diverter alone (two patients) or in combination with an intracranial stent (one patient).ResultsComplications directly (two thromboembolic events) or indirectly (one hemorrhage at the external ventricular drain site, probably facilitated by the dual antiplatelet therapy) occurred in all three patients and resulted in permanent morbidity in one case. Imaging follow-up confirmed obliteration in all three patients, and no episodes of rebleeding from the aneurysms were observed at follow-up.ConclusionsFlow diverters are effective in obliterating BTP aneurysms. However, given the challenges and complications encountered, especially in patients with ruptured lesions, their use must be carefully weighed against other available therapeutic modalities, including observation.

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Ljuca, Dženita y Samir Husić. "Treatment of Severe Cancer Pain by Transdermal Fentanyl". Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 10, n.º 2 (20 de mayo de 2010): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2010.2716.

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The goal of research was to determine the frequency, intensity, time of occurrence, duration and causes of breakthrough pain (BTP) in patients whose carcinoma pain was treated by transdermal fentanyl. (TDF). A prospective study was conducted in a hospice for recumbent patients of the Centre for Palliative Care (hospice) University Clinical Centre Tuzla from October 2009 to December 2010. 33 patients in terminal stage of carcinoma, who had been treated by transdermal fentanyl due to their excruciating pain (7-10 mark on numerica! scale) with initial dosage of 25 μg as a strong opiate analgesic, were monitored within the time period of 10 days. In the statistics we used the even T - test, the Wilcox test and Mann -Whitney test. The difference was seen to be significant at p < 0,05. Treatment by transdermal fentanyl significantly reduces the intensity of strong carcinoma pain (p < 0.0001), with a frequent requirement for dose increase with bone metastasis. The intensity of BTP is higher compared to the pain experienced upon reception. The frequency and intensity of BTP are significantly reduced already in the second day of treatment by transdermal fentanyl (p = 0,0024). The BTP is most intense in patients with neck and head tumours (9,26 ± 0,66), and most frequent with abdomen and pelvic tumour. The biggest number of BTP (68.3 %) occurs within first three days of treatment. BTP most frequently occurs in the evening or at night (between 18:00 and 06:00 h in 62,2 % of the cases), with the duration of usually less than 15 minutes (65,2% of the cases). In 61,6 % cases the occurrence of BTP is related to physical activities or psychosocial incidents, while the cause is undetermined in 38,4 % of examinees.BTP is most frequent within first three days of treatment by TDF. Using the optimal dosage a good control of carcinoma pain is enabled, regardless of the occurrence of bone metastasis, while it also helps reduce the frequency and intensity of BTP.

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ALLOUBA, HASSAN. "A BROWNIAN-TIME EXCURSION INTO FOURTH-ORDER PDES, LINEARIZED KURAMOTO–SIVASHINSKY, AND BTP-SPDES ON ℝ+ × ℝd". Stochastics and Dynamics 06, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2006): 521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219493706001864.

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In recent articles we have introduced the class of Brownian-time processes (BTPs) and the Linearized Kuramoto–Sivashinsky process (LKSP). Probabilistically, BTPs represent a unifying class for some different exciting processes like the iterated Brownian motion (IBM) of Burdzy (a process with fourth-order properties) and the Brownian–snake of Le Gall (a second-order process); they also include many additional new and quite interesting processes. The LKSP is closely connected to the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky PDEs, one of the most celebrated PDEs in modern applied mathematics. We start by surveying the fourth-order PDE connections to BTPs and the LKSP that we uncovered in two recent articles. In the second part of this paper we introduce BTP-SPDEs, these are SPDEs in which the PDE part is that solved by running a BTP. We consider a BTP-SPDE driven by an additive spacetime white noise on the time-space set ℝ+ × ℝd; and we prove the existence of a unique real-valued, Lp(Ω,ℙ) for all p ≥ 1, BTP solution to such BTP-SPDEs for 1 ≤ d ≤ 3. This contrasts sharply with the standard theory of reaction-diffusion type SPDEs driven by spacetime white noise, in which real-valued solutions are confined to one spatial dimension. Like the PDEs case, BTP-SPDEs also provide a valuable insight into other fourth-order SPDEs of applied science. We carry out such a program in forthcoming articles.

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Niu, Kun, Shubo Zhang, Haizhen Jiao, Cheng Cheng y Chao Wang. "BTP: A Bedtime Predicting Algorithm via Smartphone Screen Status". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (22 de octubre de 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7619102.

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For smartphone service providers, it is of vital importance to recognize characteristics of customers. The process of recognizing these characteristics is generally referred to as user profile, which provides knowledge basis for business decisions, enables intelligent services, and brings unique competitiveness. As a basic component of user profile, bedtime could reflect lifestyle, health condition, and occupation of people. This paper presents a flexible algorithm named BTP (Bedtime Prediction), which is designed for predicting wake time and bedtime by analysing screen status of smartphone. BTP first collects screen status log data of user’s smartphone and conducts preprocessing with a series of auxiliary user profiles. Then, it detects and records users’ wake time and bedtime of one day by searching and combining major screen extinguish periods in the past 24 hours. Finally, BTP predicts future bedtime by matching current screen status sequence with all historical records. By applying BTP, most of night and morning scenario-based applications could provide more considerate services, rather than following fixed execution time like alarm clock. Experiments on practical applications prove that BTP can effectively predict wake time and bedtime without applying complicated machine learning algorithms or uploading data to server.

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Bennett, MD, Daniel S., Steven Simon, MD, RPh, Michael Brennan, MD y Steven A. Shoemaker, MD. "Prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough pain in patients receiving opioids for chronic back pain in pain specialty clinics". Journal of Opioid Management 3, n.º 2 (1 de marzo de 2007): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2007.0046.

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Objective: We sought to assess the prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough pain (BTP) in patients with chronic back pain.Design; Researchers utilized a telephone survey using a pain assessment algorithm. This report represents a subset of patients from a larger survey of228patients with chronic pain unrelated to cancer.Participants: This study employed 117subjects taking opioids for a primary diagnosis of back pain and receiving care at geographically dispersed pain treatment centers. Subjects had pain lasting at least six months and had “controlled” baseline pain.Results: Eighty-seven subjects (74 percent) experienced 93 types of BTP. The median number of BTP episodes per day was two; median time to maximum intensity was 10 minutes, and median duration was 55 minutes. Onset could not be predicted for 46 percent of pains. Eighty-three percent of subjects used shorter-acting opioids for BTP. Other medications used for pain included NSAIDs, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, skeletal muscle relaxants, intrathecal local anesthetics, and transdermal local anesthetics.Conclusions: These patients with opioid-treated chronic back pain commonly experienced BTP, which often had a rapid onset and a relatively short duration and was difficult to predict. Opioids were the mainstay of pharmacologic therapy, but nonopioid analgesics and adjuvant analgesics were commonly used.

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Chai, Tong-Yuen, Bok-Min Goi y Wun-She Yap. "Towards Better Performance for Protected Iris Biometric System with Confidence Matrix". Symmetry 13, n.º 5 (20 de mayo de 2021): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050910.

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Biometric template protection (BTP) schemes are implemented to increase public confidence in biometric systems regarding data privacy and security in recent years. The introduction of BTP has naturally incurred loss of information for security, which leads to performance degradation at the matching stage. Although efforts are shown in the extended work of some iris BTP schemes to improve their recognition performance, there is still a lack of a generalized solution for this problem. In this paper, a trainable approach that requires no further modification on the protected iris biometric templates has been proposed. This approach consists of two strategies to generate a confidence matrix to reduce the performance degradation of iris BTP schemes. The proposed binary confidence matrix showed better performance in noisy iris data, whereas the probability confidence matrix showed better performance in iris databases with better image quality. In addition, our proposed scheme has also taken into consideration the potential effects in recognition performance, which are caused by the database-associated noise masks and the variation in biometric data types produced by different iris BTP schemes. The proposed scheme has reported remarkable improvement in our experiments with various publicly available iris research databases being tested.

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Zhang, Yongyue, Weihua Cao y Min Wu. "Subspace Modeling Method for Burn-Through Point". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, n.º 2 (18 de marzo de 2016): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0279.

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In the study, for the iron sintering process which is strongly time-delayed and confounding, a data-driven modeling method called subspace modeling method is proposed to predict the burn-through point (BTP) in this paper. First, by analyzing the mechanism of the sintering process and processing the industrial data, the relationship between the exhaust gas temperature and bellows is confirmed. Then, based on the position of the BTP, a subspace modeling method is used to establish a temperature identification model. This model outputs, the temperature of the BTP and its inputs include the exhaust gas temperature of the front three bellows and the operating parameters. Finally, we compare the obtained result with those of other algorithms. The simulation experiment shows the effectiveness and veracity of the subspace model for BTP, which will provide a precise model for controller design.

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Hill, Clément, Denis Guillaneux, Laurence Berthon y Charles Madic. "Sanex-Btp Process Development Studies". Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 39, sup3 (noviembre de 2002): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2002.10875470.

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Favier Poulet, M. C. y C. Viala. "Hygiène attitude dans le BTP". Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 73, n.º 3 (junio de 2012): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2012.03.582.

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Jelen, G. "Le pied dans le BTP". Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 74, n.º 4 (septiembre de 2013): 420–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2013.07.007.

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Sala, Leo, Barbora Sedmidubská, Ivo Vinklárek, Michal Fárník, Robin Schürmann, Ilko Bald, Jakub Med, Petr Slavíček y Jaroslav Kočišek. "Electron attachment to microhydrated 4-nitro- and 4-bromo-thiophenol". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, n.º 33 (2021): 18173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp02019f.

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Electron attachment to microhydrated NTP results primarily in NTP− formation. For BTP, the result depends on where the water molecules are bound in the precursor: formation of BTP− when SH-bound and fragmentation to form hydrated Br− when Br-bound.

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Leyssens, Katrien, Niels Van Regenmortel, Ella Roelant, Khadija Guerti, Marie Madeleine Couttenye, Philippe G. Jorens, Walter Verbrugghe y Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck. "Beta-Trace Protein as a Potential Marker of Acute Kidney Injury: A Pilot Study". Kidney and Blood Pressure Research 46, n.º 2 (2021): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000514173.

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Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The limitations of serum Cr (sCr) in timely detecting AKI are well known. Beta-trace protein (BTP) is emerging as a novel endogenous glomerular filtration rate marker. The aim of this study was to explore the role of BTP as a marker of AKI. Methods: Patients admitted to the ICU undergoing surgery were included. BTP, sCr, Cystatin C (CysC), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were measured preoperatively, postoperatively (post-op), and at the first (D1) and second (D2) post-op day. AKI was defined as an increase of sCr to ≥1.5-fold from baseline within 2 days after surgery. Results: Of the 52 patients studied, 10 patients (19%) developed AKI. Patients with AKI were older (69.6 ± 10.7 vs. 58.1 ± 16.7 years, p = 0.043) and had a longer length of ICU stay (13 [IQR 6–49] vs. 6 [IQR 5–8] days, p = 0.032). Between the 2 groups, the evolution of BTP, sCr, CysC, and NGAL over time differed significantly, with overall higher values in the AKI group. ROC analysis for the detection of AKI within 2 days after surgery showed a great accuracy for BTP. The area under the curve (AUC) for BTP post-op; D1; and D2 was, respectively, 0.869 ± 0.049; 0.938 ± 0.035; and 0.943 ± 0.032. The discriminative power of a BTP measurement on D1 was superior in detecting AKI compared to NGAL (adjusted p value = 0.027). We could not detect a significant difference between the AUCs of other biomarkers (NGAL, sCr, and CysC). Conclusion: Serum BTP is a promising marker for diagnosing AKI in ICU patients undergoing surgery.

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Qi, Xin y Jian Ping Chai. "Design and Implementation of Broadcasting and Television Program Monitoring System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (enero de 2014): 2188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2188.

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In this paper, we proposed a monitoring system called broadcasting and television program monitoring system (BTP-MS) used for improving the program monitoring with respect to automatic, intelligent and network level. To achieve the goal of enhancing the system monitoring ability, we designed a four-layer model of BTP-MS composed by data collection layer, transmission and storage layer, dispatching and configuration layer and data analysis layer, respectively. The designed BTP-MS model was implemented both in hardware and software. The results demonstrated that the designed model could greatly improve the efficiency and stability of program monitoring to ensure the broadcasting safety.

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Collier, Shane. "DO THE CLOUDS REALLY HAVE LIMITS?" Muma Case Review 1 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3555.

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Shane Collier, founder of Consolidated Reality, LLC (CReal) considered this proposition as he contemplated a potential venture with Beyond the Psy (BtP) which involved moving high-value, sensitive content to the cloud. With an extensive technical and business background, he grew to appreciate the value of cloud computing, along with its impact on business. To be leveraged correctly, you had to do more than simply migrate your existing infrastructure to the Cloud, or build a traditional application as a Cloud based solution--you had to innovate. Moreover, to leverage the cloud globally, you had to understand culture and its impact on security. Beyond the Psy (BtP), founded more that twenty-five years before the time of the case, faced a challenging environment. Current business was excellent, exceeding two hundred and fifty million dollars annually, but was constrained by space, location, and staff. Closely aligned with the new age movement, competition was emerging everywhere. Though an established brand, BtP could be superseded by newer, more aggressive organizations, often with more flash than substance. How could BtP defend and expand its business while protecting its intellectual property? CReal put an attractive option on the desk of Dave Conseen, Director of Technology at BtP. The objective was to recreate, using cloud computing, the experience of attending a program at the organization’s physical facility. If done properly, BtP could become a billion-dollar a year operation. The proposed project presented a number of risks to both parties. Consolidated Reality, LLC was small; this project could only be achieved by drawing staff and resources from other opportunities. A failure could threaten the company. Counteracting these risks was the potential to expand globally, while providing self-funding for future expansion. For BtP, there was the obvious financial risk; however, that was the lesser risk. Of far greater concern was the fact that many of BtP’s clientele were high profile individuals whose participation at BtP, if leaked to the public, could end careers. In addition, BtP’s key assets were the propriety media and other program materials that would be distributed more broadly under the proposal. Internationally, both the concepts of privacy and ownership were subject to the interpretation of the cultures in which the programs were hosted. What would happen when these programs moved beyond U.S. jurisdiction?

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Ryu, Ji Young, Jun Yong Lee, Jin Soo Seo, Cheal Kim y Youngmee Kim. "Crystallographic report: A coordination polymer containing [Zn(NO3)(H2O)2(btp)2]+ units bridged by btp ligands (btp = 2,6-bis(N?-1,2,4-triazolyl)pyridine)". Applied Organometallic Chemistry 17, n.º 10 (2003): 805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.506.

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Matuzak, Amber R. "Sonographic Diagnosis of Bilateral Tubal Pregnancies". Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 37, n.º 4 (14 de marzo de 2021): 394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479321992351.

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Bilateral tubal pregnancy (BTP) is a very rare form of ectopic twin gestation. Many times, they occur after the use of assisted reproductive therapy. Most cases of BTP are diagnosed during laparoscopy. This case report demonstrates a rare preoperative, sonography diagnosis of a spontaneous BTP which occurred after a tubal ligation. The sonogram revealed two corpus luteal cysts, both located on the right ovary, which suggests that the left tubal pregnancy most likely occurred as a result of ovum transmigration. This case demonstrates the important role that sonography plays in the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancies as well as the importance of thoroughly examining the entire pelvis during a pelvic sonogram.

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González-Barboteo, MD, Jesús, Xavier Gómez-Batiste Alentorn, MD, PhD, Felipe A. Calvo Manuel, MD, PhD, Vicente Alberola Candel, MD, M. Amalia Palacios Eito, MD, Isabel Sánchez-Magro, MD, PhD, F. Javier Pérez Martín, PhD y Josep Porta-Sales, MD, PhD. "Effectiveness of opioid rotation in the control of cancer pain: The ROTODOL Study". Journal of Opioid Management 10, n.º 6 (1 de noviembre de 2014): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2014.0236.

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Objective: To assess the effectiveness of opioid rotation (OR) to manage cancer pain. To describe the adverse events (AEs) associated with OR. Setting: Thirty-nine tertiary hospital services.Patients: Sixty-seven oncological patients with cancer-related pain treated at outpatient clinics.Intervention: Prospective multicenter study. Pain intensity was scored using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of 0-10. Average pain (AP) intensity in the last 24 hours, breakthrough pain (BTP), and the number of episodes of BTP on the days before and 1 week after OR were assessed. The pre-OR and post-OR opioid were recorded. The presence and intensity of any AEs occurring after OR were also recorded.Results: In the 67 patients evaluated, 75 ORs were recorded. In all cases, the main reason for OR was poor pain control. Pain intensity decreased by ≥2 points after OR in 75.4 percent and 57.8 percent of cases for AP and BTP, respectively. If the initial NRS score was ≥4, a decrease below <4 accounted for 50.9 percent and 32.3 percent of cases for AP and BTP, respectively. The number of episodes of BTP also decreased significantly (p < 0.001). A total of 107 AEs were reported, most of which were mild in intensity, with gastrointestinal symptoms predominating.Conclusions: Opioid rotation appears to be both safe and effective in the management of basal and breakthrough cancer pain.

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Gao, Yu-Jing. "Time Perspective and Life Satisfaction Among Young Adults in Taiwan". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 39, n.º 6 (1 de octubre de 2011): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.6.729.

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Profiles of time perspective were explored using a person-oriented approach, and the relationship between balanced time perspective (BTP) and life satisfaction in young Taiwanese adults was examined. A cluster group was identified that fitted the configuration of BTP as proposed by Boniwell and Zimbardo (2004), that is, high past positive, high present hedonistic, and high future scores, combined with low past negative and low present fatalistic scores. Results showed that there were significant differences in life satisfaction between those with a BTP profile and those without. In addition, logistic regression results showed that individuals with more past-positive or future orientations or less past-negative orientation were more likely to have a high level of life satisfaction.

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LEE, Eun Yong, Hee Jin KIM, Han KWAK, Cheal KIM, Sung-Jin KIM y Youngmee KIM. "Crystal Structure of a Coordination Polymer Cation of {[Ni(NO3)(H2O)2(btp)]+}∞ Bridged by Two btp Ligands (btp = 2,6-bis(N′-1,2,4-triazolyl)pyridine)". Analytical Sciences: X-ray Structure Analysis Online 22 (2006): x141—x142. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analscix.22.x141.

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Hazouard, Solène. "BTP allemand : restructuration et nouveaux enjeux". Regards sur l’économie allemande, n.º 102 (31 de octubre de 2011): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rea.4333.

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SHORT, PATRICIA. "Clariant pays top price for BTP". Chemical & Engineering News 78, n.º 5 (31 de enero de 2000): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v078n005.p008.

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