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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Bunt (Disease of wheat)"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 28 de julio de 2024

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1

Al-Maaroof, E. M., S. A. Shams Allah, and M. S. Hassan. "Current status of wheat bunt disease in Iraq." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 42, Special Issue (August 1, 2012): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6231-cjgpb.

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2

Matanguihan, J. B., K. M. Murphy, and S. S. Jones. "Control of Common Bunt in Organic Wheat." Plant Disease 95, no. 2 (February 2011): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-10-0620.

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Common bunt, caused by the seedborne and soilborne pathogens Tilletia caries and T. laevis, has re-emerged as a major disease in organic wheat. In conventional agriculture, common bunt is routinely managed with the use of synthetic chemical seed treatments. For this reason, common bunt is a relatively unimportant disease in conventional agriculture. However, since synthetic chemical inputs are prohibited in organic agriculture, common bunt is a major threat once more in organic wheat and seed production. The challenge today is to manage the disease without the use of chemical seed treatments.

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3

Tagayev, Kuttymurat, Aleksey Morgounov, Minura Yessimbekova, and Aigul Abugalieya. "Common Bunt Resistance of Winter Wheat Genotypes Under Artificial Infection." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.25776.

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Common bunt (Tilletia caries) is a seed-transmitted fungal disease in wheat. The resistant cultivars and germplasm lines of wheat will be useful for control this type of disease in organic farming. A set of 75 wheat cultivars and lines from International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) of Turkey were used to determine resistance to common bunt. The experiment was carried out at the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and experimental material was grown in an artificially inoculated nursery during the 2016-2017 season. The productivity of wheat genotypes under artificial infection

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4

Steffan, Philipp Matthias, Anders Borgen, Anna Maria Torp, Gunter Backes, and Søren K. Rasmussen. "Association Mapping for Common Bunt Resistance in Wheat Landraces and Cultivars." Agronomy 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2022): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12030642.

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Common bunt is a seed borne disease of wheat whose importance is likely to increase due to the growing organic seed market, which, in addition to seed phytosanitary measures, relies on genetic resistances towards the disease. Genome wide association studies in wheat have been proven to be a useful tool in the detection of genetic polymorphisms underlying phenotypic trait variation in wheat. Here 248 wheat landraces and cultivars representing 130 years of breeding history were screened for two years in the field for their resistance reactions towards common bunt. The majority of lines exhibited

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5

Bartoš, P., V. Šíp, J. Chrpová, J. Vacke, E. Stuchlíková, V. Blažková, J. Šárová, and A. Hanzalová. "Achievements and prospects of wheat breeding for disease resistance." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 38, No. 1 (July 30, 2012): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6107-cjgpb.

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Achievements and prospects of wheat breeding for disease resistance in the world and in the Czech Republic are reviewed. Attention is paid to rusts, powdery mildew, leaf blotch, glume blotch, tan spot, fusarium head blight, common and dwarf bunt, eyespot, barley yellow dwarf virus on wheat and wheat dwarf virus. Genes for resistance to rusts and powdery mildew in the cultivars registered in the Czech Republic are listed. Promising resistance genes and sources of resistance to the above mentioned diseases are reviewed. Prospects of resistance breeding including application of methods of molecul

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6

Mourad, Amira M. I., Alexey Morgounov, P. Stephen Baenziger, and Samar M. Esmail. "Genetic Variation in Common Bunt Resistance in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat." Plants 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12010002.

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Common bunt (caused by Tilletia caries and T. Foetida) is a major wheat disease. It occurs frequently in the USA and Turkey and damages grain yield and quality. Seed treatment with fungicides is an effective method to control this disease. However, using fungicides in organic and low-income fields is forbidden, and planting resistant cultivars are preferred. Due to the highly effective use of fungicides, little effort has been put into breeding resistant genotypes. In addition, the genetic diversity for this trait is low in modern wheat germplasm. Synthetic wheat genotypes were reported as an

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7

Šíp, V., P. Bartoš, J. Chrpová, A. Hanzalová, L. Širlová, J. Šárová, V. Dumalasová, et al. "Theoretical Bases and Sources for Breeding Wheat for Combined Disease Resistance." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 41, No. 4 (November 21, 2011): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3659-cjgpb.

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Achievements and prospects of wheat breeding for disease resistance in the world and in theCzech Republic are discussed. Attention was paid to possibilities of increasing resistance to rusts, powdery mildew, Fusarium head blight, leaf blotch, glume blotch, tan spot, common bunt and barley yellow dwarf virus on wheat. Methodical approaches adopted in national ring infection tests were outlined. New sources of resistance to the above-mentioned diseases were detected and described on the basis of three-year results of field infection tests. &nbsp;

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8

Rathore, Tanya, Kirti Vardhan Pandey, Rohit Kumar Singh, Deepoo Singh, Shwetank Singh, Ayush Kumar, Abhishek Tiwari, Mandeep Singh, and Puskar Shukla. "Studies on Variability on Isolates of Neovossia indica Causing Karnal Bunt of Wheat and Screening of Wheat Varieties." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 2 (January 31, 2024): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i23921.

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A basic meal consumed by people all over the world, wheat is traded more globally than all other crops combined. Tilletia indica is the cause of Karnal bunt, also known as "Partial bunt," which affects wheat and is one of the most significant seed-borne diseases. It has significant effects on the wheat trade because most importing nations require that there be no trace of Karnal bunt in wheat imported. To assess responses to disease, ten different genotypes of wheat were sown in matched rows. We planted K1006 and PBW343, two susceptible checks, following each genotype. An athichmist was establ

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9

Warham, Elizabeth J. "Karnai bunt disease of wheat: A literature review." Tropical Pest Management 32, no. 3 (January 1986): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670878609371068.

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10

Váňová, M., P. Matušinský, and J. Benada. "Survey of incidence of bunts (Tilletia caries and Tilletia controversa) in the Czech Republic and susceptibility of winter wheat cultivars." Plant Protection Science 42, No. 1 (February 7, 2010): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2692-pps.

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Bunts (caused by <i>Tilletia caries</i> and <i>T. controversa</i>) belong to very important diseases of winter wheat because contaminated commodities (seeds, foods and feeds) affect the marketability of the crop on both domestic and export markets. They can be relatively easily controlled by chemical seed treatments. Due to the availability of effective chemical control, the reaction of wheat cultivars to bunts has so far not been an important trait for plant breeders in some areas of the world. However, if synthetic chemicals are not allowed, like in organic farming, u

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11

Sharma, Indu, Ritu Bala, Satish Kumar, and N. S. Bains. "Development of near isogenic lines (NILS) using backcross method of breeding and simultaneous screening against Karnal bunt disease of wheat." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.931.

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Karnal bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia indica can be a hindrance to wheat trade as the fungal disease is known to affect the quality of the grain. As a breeding strategy, a set of eight near isogenics lines (NILs) and backcross derived recombinant inbred lines (micro-RILs) were developed in the background of PBW 343 and WH542 for Karnal bunt resistance over a period of time. The donor stocks resistant to Karnal bunt used in the study were ALDAN â€˜ Sâ€™ / IAS 58, CMH 77.308, H567.7I, HD29, HP1531, W485 and their derived lines KBRL 22 and KBRL 57. Effective method for screening to Karnal bunt

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12

Chrpová, J., V. Šíp, P. Bartoš, A. Hanzalová, J. Palicová, L. Štočková, L. Čejka, et al. "Results of the Czech National Ring Tests of disease resistance in wheat." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 48, No. 4 (October 31, 2012): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/173/2012-cjgpb.

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In this contribution actual results of the Czech national ring tests of disease resistance in wheat are presented that are performed at 3&ndash;5 locations each year. Special attention was paid to possibilities of increasing resistance to rusts, powdery mildew, Fusarium head blight and brown leaf spot diseases. New sources of resistance to the above-mentioned diseases were detected and described. Achievements and prospects of wheat breeding for resistance to these diseases, as well as to other important diseases and pests (common and dwarf bunt, eyespot and stem base diseases, barley yello

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13

He and G. R. Hughes, C. "Inheritance of resistance to common bunt in spelt and common wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-167.

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Common bunt causes yield loss and reduces grain quality in both common and durum wheats in western Canada. Since the most cost-effective method of control is the use of host resistance, this study was conducted to provide information on the genetic control of bunt resistance in three potentially new sources: common wheat cultivar Triple Dirk and spelt wheat cultivars RL5407 and SK0263. The segregating populations from the three crosses Laura/Triple Dirk, Laura/RL5407 and Genesis/SK0263 were evaluated for common bunt resistance in the field for races T1, T13 and L7 and in the greenhouse for rac

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14

Madenova, A. K., K. Galymbek, A. M. Kokhmetova, M. N. Atishova, S. B. Bakirov, and Zh S. Keishilov. "SEARCHING FOR RESISTANCE SOURCES TO WHEAT COMMON BUNT (Tilletia caries (DC.)." BULLETIN 389, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.7.

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Common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC.) the disease occurs in areas where autumn wheat is grown. In our country, most of the zoned wheat varieties are infected with this disease. Therefore, foreign germoplasm should look for sources of strength. In our research in the field of artificial epizootic environment, the Hungarian 21 varieties of soft wheat Tilletia caries (DC.) of the pathogen was made the phytopathological and genetic-selection analysis. The study revealed that 15 wheat varieties are resistant to diseases, of which 8 wheat varieties were highly resistant to diseases (IT-0). They are; At

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15

Menzies, J. G., R. E. Knox, Z. Popovic, and J. D. Procunier. "Common bunt resistance gene Bt10 located on wheat chromosome 6D." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, Special Issue (December 1, 2006): 1409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-106.

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Knowledge of the chromosomal location of disease resistance genes assists in their identification and classification. The determination of the chromosomal location in wheat of the common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) resistance gene Bt10 was the goal of this study. Doubled haploid lines were developed from a cross between bunt susceptible Glenlea and bunt resistant AC Taber carrying Bt10. The doubled haploid lines were inoculated with T. tritici race T19, grown in a growth room and rated for bunt near maturity. A series of 50 wheat microsatellite markers were tested on DNA of the indiv

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16

Matanguihan, Janet B., and Stephen S. Jones. "A New Pathogenic Race of Tilletia caries Possessing the Broadest Virulence Spectrum of Known Races." Plant Health Progress 12, no. 1 (January 2011): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2010-0520-01-rs.

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Common bunt, caused by the fungi Tilletia caries and T. laevis, is one of the most destructive seedborne diseases of wheat. In conventional agriculture, common bunt is managed almost exclusively with chemical seed treatments. However, in organic farming, synthetic chemicals are prohibited. Because of this, there has been a resurgence of this disease in organic wheat. In order to maintain high yields and excellent seed quality, organic growers must rely heavily on resistant wheat cultivars. To breed cultivars with resistance against common bunt, and to effectively deploy resistance genes, it is

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17

Arif, Muhammad, Sagheer Atta, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Muhammad Ifnan Khan, Ansar Hussain, Muhammad Shahjahan, Mona S. Alwahibi, and Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. "The impact of Fosetyl-Aluminium application timing on Karnal bunt suppression and economic returns of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): e0244931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244931.

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Fungal pathogens exert severe qualitative and quantitative damages to wheat crop. Karnal bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia indica Mitra, Mundkur is a severe threat to global food security. Nonetheless, T. indica is regulated as a quarantine pest in numerous countries, which further aggravates the situation. Tolerant varieties and appropriate management practices for Karnal bunt are imperative to meet the global wheat demands. This two-year study explored the impact of fungicide [Fosetyl-Aluminium (Aliette)] application timing on allometric traits, disease suppression and economic returns of bre

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18

Goates, Blair J. "Identification of New Pathogenic Races of Common Bunt and Dwarf Bunt Fungi, and Evaluation of Known Races Using an Expanded Set of Differential Wheat Lines." Plant Disease 96, no. 3 (March 2012): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-11-0339.

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Pathogenic races of Tilletia caries and T. foetida, which cause common bunt of wheat (Triticum aestivum), and Tilletia contraversa, which causes dwarf bunt of wheat, have been identified previously by their reaction to 10 differential wheat lines, each containing single bunt resistance genes Bt1 through Bt10. The reactions of races to the differential wheat lines follow the classic gene-for gene system for host–pathogen interactions. The pathogens are closely related and resistance to both diseases in wheat is controlled by the same genes. To better define pathogenic races, six additional whea

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19

Marshall, David, Timothy T. Work, and Joseph F. Cavey. "Invasion Pathways of Karnal Bunt of Wheat into the United States." Plant Disease 87, no. 8 (August 2003): 999–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.8.999.

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Karnal bunt of wheat (caused by Tilletia indica) was first detected in the United States in Arizona in 1996. The seed lots of infected, spring-habit, durum wheat associated with the initial detection were traced to planted fields in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. However, in the summer of 1997, the disease appeared in unrelated, winter-habit, bread wheat located over 700 km from the nearest potentially contaminated wheat from 1996 (and destroyed prior to reinfection). Here, we examined potential invasion pathways of the fungus associated with the movement of wheat into the United

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20

Akçura, Mevlüt, and Kadir Akan. "Assessment of the reactions of pure lines selected from Turkish bread wheat landraces against bunt disease (Tilletia foetida) with the GGE-biplot method." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 16, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262117000363.

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AbstractThe present research was conducted to determine the reactions of 200 pure lines selected from bread wheat landraces collected from 18 provinces and seven regions of Turkey against bunt disease (Tilletia foetida) under field conditions for 3 years. Bunt disease reactions of pure lines were assessed based on the infected spike/total spike ratio. For visually assessed materials, the GGE-biplot method, where G = genotype effect and GE = genotype-by-environment effect, was used to group the reactions against bunt disease. Fifty-nine pure lines showed high resistance (with infection rates ra

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21

Sholberg, Peter L., Denis A. Gaudet, Byron Puchalski, and Paul Randall. "Control of common bunt (Tilleta tritici and T. laevis) of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Laura’) by fumigation with acetic acid vapour." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 3 (July 7, 2006): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p05-176.

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Common bunt caused by Tilletia tritici and T. laevis remains an important disease of wheat, particularly in organic production where effective fungicides are not available. Acetic acid (AA), a potential organic seed fumigant, was evaluated for control of common bunt of wheat. The highly susceptible spring wheat cultivar Laura was inoculated with bunt spores and then fumigated with 2 and 4 g kg-1 AA vapour in 23 L chambers for 1 h at 20°C. Fumigation reduced field infection levels of common bunt in trials conducted at Lethbridge, AB during 2000, 2001, and 2003. The 4 g kg-1 rate was more effect

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22

Workneh, F., T. W. Allen, G. H. Nash, B. Narasimhan, R. Srinivasan, and C. M. Rush. "Rainfall and Temperature Distinguish Between Karnal Bunt Positive and Negative Years in Wheat Fields in Texas." Phytopathology® 98, no. 1 (January 2008): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-98-1-0095.

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Karnal bunt of wheat, caused by the fungus Tilletia indica, is an internationally regulated disease. Since its first detection in central Texas in 1997, regions in which the disease was detected have been under strict federal quarantine regulations resulting in significant economic losses. A study was conducted to determine the effect of weather factors on incidence of the disease since its first detection in Texas. Weather variables (temperature and rainfall amount and frequency) were collected and used as predictors in discriminant analysis for classifying bunt-positive and -negative fields

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23

Gupta, Vikas, Xinyao He, Naresh Kumar, Guillermo Fuentes-Davila, Rajiv K. Sharma, Susanne Dreisigacker, Philomin Juliana, Najibeh Ataei, and Pawan K. Singh. "Genome Wide Association Study of Karnal Bunt Resistance in a Wheat Germplasm Collection from Afghanistan." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 13 (June 26, 2019): 3124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133124.

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Karnal bunt disease of wheat, caused by the fungus Neovossia indica, is one of the most important challenges to the grain industry as it affects the grain quality and also restricts the international movement of infected grain. It is a seed-, soil- and airborne disease with limited effect of chemical control. Currently, this disease is contained through the deployment of host resistance but further improvement is limited as only a few genotypes have been found to carry partial resistance. To identify genomic regions responsible for resistance in a set of 339 wheat accessions, genome-wide assoc

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24

Golosna, L., O. G. Afanasieva, O. V. Shevchuk, L. O. Kucherova, I. S. Shvets, and L. V. Hubenko. "Immunological characteristics of winter wheat varieties to the main pathogens in the right-bank Forest Steppe." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 29 (August 31, 2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v29.1410.

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Aim. To determine the resistance of winter wheat varieties to the main pathogens, to establish their stability and plasticity, to identify perspective sources of resistance. Methods. Laboratory – production of inoculum of pathogens; field – artificial inoculation,, assessment of variety stability; statistical calculation of disease severity, indicators of stability and plasticity. Results. In 2015–2017, the resistance of 43 varieties of winter wheat to the main pathogens of leaf diseases, common bunt and root rots was assessed. Resistance to powdery mildew was found in 32 varieties, tan spot –

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25

RAJ SINGH, RAM SINGH, DIWAN SINGH, JUGAL K. MANI, S. S. KARWASRA, and M. S. BENIWAL. "Effect of weather parameters on karnal bunt disease in wheat in Karnal region of Haryana." Journal of Agrometeorology 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v12i1.1281.

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Data pertaining to average infection (%) of karnal bunt disease of wheat and meteorological parameters of 1st to 12th standard meteorological week (1st January to 25th March) for 25 crop seasons (1981-82 to 2004-05) of Karnal station were correlated to study the effect of weather parameters on Karnal bunt disease in wheat for most sensitive crop growth period corresponding to ear emergence and subsequent growth stages. The frequency of disease intensity and weather parameters indicated that when the maximum temperature exceeded normal accompanied by little or poor rainfall during 6 to 8th SMW,

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Pospisil, A., J. Benada, and I. Polisenská. "Variability of resistance to common bunt of wheat." Plant Protection Science 35, No. 1 (January 1, 1999): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9670-pps.

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During 1997–1998, the reaction of the collections of winter and spring wheat varieties to Tilletia caries was determined. In both years the most diseased winter varieties were Simona and Sparta, the least diseased were Samara and Ilona. High variability in the level of infection was observed in some varieties (VIada, Estica, Regina, Vega). No winter wheat variety was completely resistant. The most diseased spring wheat variety was Alexandria in both years, while Grandur showed no infection. High variability in the level of infection was observed in the special trials with cv. Ina and Contra. I

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27

Kumar, Shrvan, Dhanbir Singh, Subhash Dhancholia, and Asha Sinha. "Effect of wheat seed dressing fungicides, botanicals and bio-control agent on Karnal bunt incidence in natural condition." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 2211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i4.1513.

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In this study the efficacy of four fungicides, three botanicals and one bio-control agent under field conditions revealed that all the treatments gave reduction of Karnal bunt over check at significant level (P=0.05). Maximum disease control was achieved with Tilt 25EC (48.72%) followed by Bavistin 50WP (47.08 %), Vitavax 75WP (45.30%) and Raxil 2DS (37.61%). Among botanicals L. camara was adjudged best as it gave 41.88 per cent disease control. However, seed treatment of T. viride (Ecoderma) resulted in 28.21 percent disease control. In all treatments over all disease control level was ranged

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Pozniak, C. J., J. M. Clarke, and T. A. Haile. "CDC Covert durum wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 100, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2020-0090.

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CDC Covert durum wheat is adapted to the durum production area of the Canadian prairies. This conventional height durum wheat cultivar combines high grain yield with acceptable time to maturity, disease resistance, test weight, and end-use suitability. CDC Covert is resistant to prevalent races of leaf and stem rust, has excellent common bunt resistance, and demonstrated end-use quality suitable for the Canada Western Amber Durum class.

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29

Holosna, L. "The defeat of wheat varieties by the pathogen Tilletia caries (DC) Tul." Karantin i zahist roslin, no. 11-12 (December 6, 2019): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2019.11-12.22-24.

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Goal. To determine the degree of resistance of collection samples of winter wheat to the pathogen of the common bunt Tilletia caries in the conditions of the Right forest-steppe of Ukraine. Research Methods. Field. The studies were conducted on the sites of the experimental farm «Glevakha» Vasilkovsky district of Kiev region in 2015—2017. The infectious background of the pathogen of solid bunt was created according to the method of Krivchenko V.I. Sustainability was assessed by counting the number of healthy and diseased ears. The results were differentiated in points on a 9-point scale.

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30

S. K., Vishwakarma, Singh R., Khilari K., Mishra P., Singh H., and Yadav M. K. "Integrated Disease Management (IDM) Modules against Karnal Bunt (Tilletia indica) of Wheat." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (September 5, 2023): 2261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102889.

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Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belonging to family “Gramineae” and genus “Triticum”, is one of the world’s most widely cultivated food grain crop, due to its wider adaptability to different agro-climatic and soil conditions. Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) is an important wheat disease with implications for wheat grain quality and inflicts changes in chemical composition of infected grains. IDM modules evaluated under pot and field condition revealed that all the thirteen modules were significantly effective and observed lower disease incidence of karnal bunt. Module M11 andM8 recorded nil (0.00%)

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31

Peterson, G. L., T. B. Whitaker, R. J. Stefanski, E. V. Podleckis, J. G. Phillips, J. S. Wu, and W. H. Martinez. "A Risk Assessment Model for Importation of United States Milling Wheat Containing Tilletia contraversa." Plant Disease 93, no. 6 (June 2009): 560–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-6-0560.

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Dwarf bunt of wheat, caused by the fungus Tilletia contraversa, is a pathogen historically limited in distribution by its very specific climatic requirements for establishment. In an effort to both address the need for adequate protection and eliminate unwarranted trade barriers, a number of countries have examined restrictions on importing milling wheat containing teliospores of T. contraversa. Pest risk analysis (PRA), under the guidelines of the World Trade Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization, has become an internationally accepted process for evaluating such issues. As a com

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PK Kasniya and A Singh. "Status of major wheat diseases in sub mountainous region of district Ropar, Punjab, India." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 15 (June 30, 2023): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.58628/jae-2315-115.

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The wheat diseases, including yellow rust, brown rust, powdery mildew and karnal bunt, continue to be the major impediments to the successful cultivation of wheat crops in the sub-mountainous region of Ropar (Punjab). During the survey, it was observed that the yellow rust disease is a pre-dominant disease of wheat in this region and has always appeared first foci of infection in Ropar district for the last several years in Punjab. The disease caused maximum infection on cultivar Barbat, HD 2967, Shriram 212 followed by WH 1105, HD 3086, PBW 677, HD 3226 and low infection on Unnat PBW 343 and

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Iqbal, Muhammad, Kassa Semagn, Diego Jarquin, Harpinder Randhawa, Brent D. McCallum, Reka Howard, Reem Aboukhaddour, et al. "Identification of Disease Resistance Parents and Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Resistance in Spring Wheat." Plants 11, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212905.

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The likelihood of success in developing modern cultivars depend on multiple factors, including the identification of suitable parents to initiate new crosses, and characterizations of genomic regions associated with target traits. The objectives of the present study were to (a) determine the best economic weights of four major wheat diseases (leaf spot, common bunt, leaf rust, and stripe rust) and grain yield for multi-trait restrictive linear phenotypic selection index (RLPSI), (b) select the top 10% cultivars and lines (hereafter referred as genotypes) with better resistance to combinations

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34

DePauw, R. M., J. M. Clarke, R. E. Knox, M. R. Fernandez, T. N. McCaig, and J. G. McLeod. "AC Intrepid hard red spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 79, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p98-133.

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AC Intrepid, a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian prairies. It expressed high grain yield, early maturity, and heavy kernels. It has resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust, stem rust, and common bunt. AC Intrepid is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, yield, maturity, disease resistance, seed size

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35

DePauw, R. M., J. G. McLeod, J. M. Clarke, T. N. McCaig, M. R. Fernandez, and R. E. Knox. "AC Eatonia hard red spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 821–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-148.

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AC Eatonia hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has several improved traits relative to Leader: increased stem solidness and resistance to cutting by the wheat stem sawfly, resistance to common bunt, common root rot and seed shattering, and higher grain yield potential. It is adapted to the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones. Key words:Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, solid stem, disease resistance

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36

Tekin, Mehmet. "Genetic Variation in Turkish Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties for Resistance to Common Bunt." Agronomy 13, no. 10 (September 27, 2023): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102491.

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Common bunt, caused by Tilletia laevis and T. caries, is one of the major wheat diseases in Türkiye and in many countries in the world. To control this disease, chemical seed treatment is commonly used; however, it may cause harm to human and environmental health. Therefore, genetic resistance to control common bunt in an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable manner is the best choice. This study was conducted to determine the reactions of 102 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties with regard to their resistance to common bunt in field conditions over three consecuti

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Kumar, A., A. Gupta, S. S. Atwal, V. K. Maheshwari, and C. B. Singh. "Post Harvest Management of Karnal Bunt, A Quarantine Disease in Wheat." Plant Pathology Journal 14, no. 1 (December 15, 2015): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ppj.2015.23.30.

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38

Gaudet, D. A., and B. J. Puchalski. "Influence of temperature on interaction of resistance genes in spring wheat differentials with races of common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-126.

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Temperature affects the expression of resistance to common bunt and can influence the efficacy of tests to screen for resistance to this disease. A study was undertaken to determine the response of spring wheat differentials possessing bunt resistance genes to temperature and races of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis. Differential wheat lines carrying resistance genes Bt-2, Bt-7, Bt-8, Bt-9, and Bt-10, were individually inoculated with bunt races L3, T1, T15, and T27, and incubated at 8, 10 or 15 °C for 0–10 wk. Responses to bunt infection following low temperature incubation at 8, 10, and 15 °C

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39

Knox, R. E., R. M. DePauw, J. M. Clarke, F. R. Clarke, T. N. McCaig, and M. R. Fernandez. "Snowhite476 hard white spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps06070.

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Snowhite476 hard white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the first Canadian wheat cultivar to deploy the gene Bt8, which confers resistance to prevalent races of common bunt [Tilletia laevis Kuhn in Rabenh. and T. caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul.]. The productivity traits of Snowhite476 were intermediate to the check cultivars. Snowhite476 had intermediate kernel hardness combined with yellow alkaline and white salted noodle colour and textural attributes comparable to AC Vista. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield, disease resistance, Bt8

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40

Knox, R. E., R. M. De Pauw, T. N. McCaig, J. M. Clarke, J. G. McLeod, and R. J. Morrison. "AC Taber red spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 1241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-154.

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AC Taber, red-kernelled spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), resembles Biggar but has improved resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz.) and common bunt [caused by Tilletia laevis Kuhn in Rabenh. and Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul.]. AC Taber also has a higher protein content, better milling quality and more gluten strength than Biggar. AC Tabor is eligible for grades of the Canada Prairie Spring (red) wheat class.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, disease resistance, high yield

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41

Ruzgas, Vytautas, and Žilvinas Liatukas. "Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT)." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 63, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2009): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-009-0010-0.

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Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT) The study was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in an artificially inoculated nursery during 2006-2007. Resistance to common bunt in 2006 was tested for 71, in 2007 for 118 breeding lines of Lithuanian winter wheat from the competitive trial nursery. Additionally, 148 promising lines were selected and tested from the check nursery, which possessed some resistance in their pedigree ancestors. The average disease incidence in 2006 and 2007 was 80.9 and 63.5%, respectively. The

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42

Iquebal, Mir Asif, Pallavi Mishra, Ranjeet Maurya, Sarika Jaiswal, Anil Rai, and Dinesh Kumar. "Centenary of Soil and Air Borne Wheat Karnal Bunt Disease Research: A Review." Biology 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2021): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10111152.

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Karnal bunt (KB) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), known as partial bunt has its origin in Karnal, India and is caused by Tilletia indica (Ti). Its incidence had grown drastically since late 1960s from northwestern India to northern India in early 1970s. It is a seed, air and soil borne pathogen mainly affecting common wheat, durum wheat, triticale and other related species. The seeds become inedible, inviable and infertile with the precedence of trimethylamine secreted by teliospores in the infected seeds. Initially the causal pathogen was named Tilletia indica but was later renamed Neovossia

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Clarke, J. M., R. M. DePauw, T. N. McCaig, M. R. Fernandez, R. E. Knox, and J. G. McLeod. "AC Elsa hard red spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 661–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-002.

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AC Elsa, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian Prairies. It combines high grain yield with high grain protein concentration in a short strawed background. It has improved resistance to leaf spots compared with the check cultivars, and resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust, stem rust, loose smut, and common bunt. AC Elsa is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, cultivar description, yield, protein, disease resistance

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Akgören Palabiyik, Gülçin, İsmail Poyraz, and Ahmet Umay. "The determination of the resistance inheritance against common bunt in wheat and half-diallel hybrids." Plant Protection Science 55, No. 4 (September 13, 2019): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/153/2018-pps.

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This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of common bunt resistance in twelve bread wheat varieties and their half-diallel hybrids in Turkey. The disease ratings were performed on the F2 generations of the hybrids in field conditions. The obtained data were analysed by the χ2 test to determine the effective gene numbers and inheritance type in the disease resistance. In addition, the data were evaluated according to the Jinks-Hayman diallel analyses. In conclusion, it was found that of the twelve wheat parents, four contained three resistance genes and four of them contain two resi

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45

DePauw, R. M., J. B. Thomas, R. E. Knox, J. M. Clarke, M. R. Fernandez, T. N. McCaig, and J. G. McLeod. "AC Cadillac hard red spring wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-087.

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AC Cadillac, a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian Prairies. It combines high grain yield with high grain protein concentration, heavy kernel and volume weights. It has improved resistance to leaf spots compared with the check cultivars, and resistance to prevalent races of leaf rust, stem rust, loose smut, and common bunt. AC Cadillac is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, yield, protein, disease resistance, volume weight

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46

Goates, Blair J., Gary L. Peterson, Robert L. Bowden, and Larry D. Maddux. "Analysis of Induction and Establishment of Dwarf Bunt of Wheat Under Marginal Climatic Conditions." Plant Disease 95, no. 4 (April 2011): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-10-0732.

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Dwarf bunt caused by Tilletia contraversa is a disease of winter wheat that has a limited geographic distribution due to specific winter climate requirements. The pathogen is listed as a quarantine organism by several countries that may have wheat production areas with inadequate or marginal climate for the disease—in particular the People's Republic of China. Field experiments were conducted in the United States in an area of Kansas that is a climatic analog to the northern winter wheat areas of China to evaluate the risk of disease introduction into such areas. The soil surface of four repli

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47

Gaudet, D. A., G. Fuentes-Davila, R. M. De Pauw, and P. A. Burnett. "Reactions of western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties to Tilletia indica, the causal agent of Karnal bunt." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-067.

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The reactions of 47 Canadian wheat and triticale cultivars to Tilletia indica Mitra, the causal agent of Karnal Bunt (KB), were evaluated in the field at Centro de Investigaciones Agricolas del Noroeste (CIANO), Yaqui Valley, Mexico, during 1998 and 1999. The majority of lines and cultivars flowered during January and February, which coincided with the onset of cooler temperatures and high relative humidity required for optimum infection by the fungus. Canada Western Amber Durum (CWAD) and triticale were resistant, ranging from 0 to 6% infection. Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheats were al

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48

Singh, Pankaj Kumar, MS Saharan, DP Singh, Sunita Singh, and Girish Chandra Pandey. "Present Scenario of Wheat Fungal disease Karnal Bunt (KB) incidence in India." Vegetos- An International Journal of Plant Research 31, special (2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2229-4473.2018.00037.x.

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Warham, E. J. "Effectiveness of Chemical Seed Treatments in Controlling Karnal Bunt Disease of Wheat." Plant Disease 73, no. 7 (1989): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-73-0585.

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Bakirov, Serik, Kanat Galymbek, Aigul Madenova, and Kadir Akan. "IDENTIFICATION OF GERMOPLASM OF WHEAT RESISTANT TO COMMON BUNT (TILLETIA CARIES (DC.) TUL)." Ġylym ža̋ne bìlìm 3, no. 3(68) (September 29, 2022): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52578/2305-9397-2022-3-3-105-113.

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Common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.), which directly affects the yield and quality of wheat, is one of the most dangerous fungal species in the years of epiphytotic. A small infection of wheat with the pathogen (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) reduces the yield and quality of wheat in production and makes it unsuitable for use as feed. The article presents 25 local varieties of winter soft wheat and studied 23 Bt-isogenic lines. In the field, the resistance of wheat samples to the pathogen (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) collected in the wheat growing areas of the Almaty region was studied. As a

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