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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Burundi – Population"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 10 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Burundi – Population"

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Fry, Lincoln J. "Is Hunger Destined to be Perpetual in Burundi?" Food Science and Nutrition Studies 1, n.º 1 (13 de marzo de 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fsns.v1n1p11.

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<p><em>Hunger is a worldwide problem, and Africa is the continent with the world’s highest percentage of hungry persons; Burundi is Africa’s hungriest country. This paper addresses hunger in Burundi and then identifies the factors that predict hunger in that country. Burundi is a rural country and its rural population will receive a great deal of attention in this paper, especially because the study looks closely at literature’s suggestion that farmers may be hungrier than the rest of the population, and gender may be a factor. This study is based on a national probability sample of 1,200 Burundi respondents included in Round 6 of the Afrobarometer survey conducted in 2014. The search is for policy related factors that would help alleviate Burundi’s hunger problem. To preview the findings, this study did not find any light at the end of the tunnel. The factors that predicted hunger were primarily immutable indicators, education, agriculture as an occupation, and wealth, as measured by assets owned. Over 80 percent of the respondents felt the government was not ensuring that people had enough to eat. Eighty-seven percent were unemployed, 86 percent were rural residents and 71 percent of the respondents reported some degree of hunger, about one-fourth reported being hungry all of the time. The gender and hunger relationship was significant at the bivariate level, but that relationship disappeared in the ordered logistical analysis.</em></p>
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2

Nsabiyumva, F., Y. Furet, E. Autret, A. P. Jonville y M. Breteau. "Oxidative polymorphism of dextromethorphan in a Burundi population". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 41, n.º 1 (julio de 1991): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00280112.

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Rieger, Matthias. "AIDS and Conflict: Micro Evidence from Burundi1)". Forum for Health Economics and Policy 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2013): 163–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhep-2012-0035.

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Abstract This paper studies the relationship between civil war and HIV/AIDS in Burundi at the micro level. The case of Burundi provides interesting grounds of analysis, as seroprevalence rates are heterogeneous across the country, the serological and conflict data for Burundi are of good quality and conclusions can inform HIV/AIDS policies in Burundi and other fragile states. Ordinary least squares and instrumental variable results indicate that there is no empirical relationship between seroprevalence at the general population level and three measures of local conflict intensity within provinces. This evidence could imply that areas that are relatively more conflict affected do not need to be prioritized over others in terms of HIV/AIDS policies. Further research should focus on individual rather than geographical exposure to conflict. There are likely certain groups and individuals at risk in the general population that need special attention after conflict. Furthermore, violence changes societies, in particular gender relations, thereby indirectly feeding and possibly fueling the dynamics of the epidemic.
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4

Deen, Mary Katherine, Lauren Hrncirik Scanga, Kevin Wright y Charles Berahino. "Empowering youth and communities through 4-H School Gardening Programs: Results of focus groups in Burundi, Africa". Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 24, n.º 2 (15 de agosto de 2017): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2017.24209.

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The quality of education and training children receive today will significantly impact their development into adulthood and their impact on society (Kibwiki & Semana, 2001). Burundi, Africa is the second poorest country in the world and has a turbulent history laced with economic, political, and cultural challenges (Headrick, 2016). With more than half the population under the age of 18, educating the youth of Burundi is paramount to bringing about change in the country. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the needs of primary school teachers, administrators, afterschool program educators and their students; and to determine if a 4-H Youth Development school gardening program was a viable methodology to meet their needs. The desire of local partners to empower Burundian youth and the fact that empowerment is a fundamental principle of the 4-H methodology led to the selection of Empowerment Theory as the conceptual framework for this study. A needs assessment using focus groups was conducted with 34 primary school teachers, administrators, and afterschool staff in two rural communities in Burundi. Findings indicated that poverty and hunger were the primary barriers to quality education and climbing out of poverty. School educators also reported a need for professional development to better provide quality education for youth. Based on the outcomes of the focus groups, the researchers recommend that the 4-H Youth Development school gardening program is implemented in rural Burundi using Empowerment Theory as a framework to address the needs of educators and youth.
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5

Mageras, Anna, Ellen Brazier, Théodore Niyongabo, Gad Murenzi, Jean D’Amour Sinayobye, Adebola A. Adedimeji, Christella Twizere et al. "Comparison of cohort characteristics in Central Africa International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS and Demographic Health Surveys: Rwanda and Burundi". International Journal of STD & AIDS 32, n.º 6 (3 de febrero de 2021): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462420983783.

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Clinical health record data are used for HIV surveillance, but the extent to which these data are population representative is not clear. We compared age, marital status, body mass index, and pregnancy distributions in the Central Africa International Databases to Evaluate AIDS (CA-IeDEA) cohorts in Burundi and Rwanda to all people living with HIV and the subpopulation reporting receiving a previous HIV test result in the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data, restricted to urban areas, where CA-IeDEA sites are located. DHS uses a probabilistic sample for population-level HIV prevalence estimates. In Rwanda, the CA-IeDEA cohort and DHS populations were similar with respect to age and marital status for men and women, which was also true in Burundi among women. In Burundi, the CA-IeDEA cohort had a greater proportion of younger and single men than the DHS data, which may be a result of outreach to sexual minority populations at CA-IeDEA sites and economic migration patterns. In both countries, the CA-IeDEA cohorts had a higher proportion of underweight individuals, suggesting that symptomatic individuals are more likely to access care in these settings. Multiple sources of data are needed for HIV surveillance to interpret potential biases in epidemiological data.
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6

Schwartz, Stephanie. "Home, Again: Refugee Return and Post-Conflict Violence in Burundi". International Security 44, n.º 2 (octubre de 2019): 110–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00362.

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Conflict between returning refugees and nonmigrant populations is a pervasive yet frequently overlooked security issue in post-conflict societies. Although scholars have demonstrated how out-migration can regionalize, prolong, and intensify civil war, the security consequences of return migration are undertheorized. An analysis of refugee return to Burundi after the country's 1993–2005 civil war corroborates a new theory of return migration and conflict: return migration creates new identity divisions based on whether and where individuals were displaced during wartime. These cleavages become new sources of conflict in the countries of origin when local institutions, such as land codes, citizenship regimes, or language laws, yield differential outcomes for individuals based on where they lived during the war. Ethnographic evidence gathered in Burundi and Tanzania from 2014 to 2016 shows how the return of refugees created violent rivalries between returnees and nonmigrants. Consequently, when Burundi faced a national-level political crisis in 2015, prior experiences of return shaped both the character and timing of out-migration from Burundi. Illuminating the role of reverse population movements in shaping future conflict extends theories of political violence and demonstrates why breaking the cycle of return and repeat displacement is essential to the prevention of conflict.
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7

Viateur, HABARUGIRA, NKURUNZIZA Jean De Dieu y CONGERA Anaclet. "Party Halls in African Town: Case of Economic Capital of Burundi, Bujumbura." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2020): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss5.2262.

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This paper proposes a classification of some halls very modern in Bujumbura economic capital of Burundi. A survey whose target population is the set of individuals regularly participating in the various festivals in Bujumbura, the economic capital of Burundi was put into action. An analysis of the data and interpretation of the results is made. These results conclude that there is a visible lack of well-developed halls on international measures in Bujumbura.
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8

Desiere, Sam, Sanctus Niragira y Marijke D'Haese. "Cow or Goat? Population pressure and livestock keeping in Burundi". Agrekon 54, n.º 3 (3 de julio de 2015): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2015.1084941.

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9

Isabirye, Stephen B. y Kooros M. Mahmoudi. "Rwanda, Burundi, and Their “Ethnic” Conflicts". Ethnic Studies Review 23, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2000): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2000.23.1.62.

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This paper demonstrably dispels the assumption that ethnic conflict in Rwanda and Burundi is a chronic endemic phenomenon. It emphasizes the consolidation of the caste system during the colonial era, intra regional disparities within the two communities, high population densities, very weak economic bases, poverty, and international interference as some of the cardinal dynamics behind the current deadly contentions within the two states. An analysis behind the genocidal tendencies in the two countries is well illustrated, with special emphasis on the Rwandese tragedy of 1994 as well as its parallels and divergences with the Nazi Holocaust.
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10

Bangirinama, Frédéric Bangirinama, Bonaventure Nzitwanayo y Paul Hakizimana. "UTILISATION DU CHARBON DE BOIS COMME PRINCIPALE SOURCE D’ÉNERGIE DE LA POPULATION URBAINE : UN SÉRIEUX PROBLÈME POUR LA CONSERVATION DU COUVERT FORESTIER AU BURUNDI". BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 328, n.º 328 (20 de julio de 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2016.328.a31301.

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La question de l’énergie domestique reste une préoccupation majeure dans le monde, en particulier dans les pays en développement où la majorité de la popu- lation utilise le bois de chauffage, le char- bon de bois et les résidus agricoles pour satisfaire leurs besoins énergétiques liés à la cuisson des aliments. Au Burundi, où le bois constitue la principale source d’éner- gie domestique avec 96,6 % du bilan énergétique global, le charbon de bois est consommé à 77 % par la population urbaine. Selon une enquête menée sur les grands axes routiers, 56 548 tonnes et 13 552 tonnes de charbon de bois sont respectivement consommées par la population urbaine de Bujumbura et Gitega, soit un total de 70 100 tonnes. La consommation annuelle estimée s’élève à 104 718 tonnes de charbon de bois pour la seule population urbaine. Cette consommation par la population de Gitega et Bujumbura entraîne une perte annuelle de 3 505 à 4 673 ha de couvertforestier, soit annuellement entre 5 236 et 6 980 ha si l’on extrapole ces chiffres à l’ensemble de la population urbaine du Burundi. À ce rythme, le couvert forestier du Burundi, estimé à 171 625 ha, pourrait disparaître dans 25 à 33 ans. Pour garan- tir la durabilité du système d’approvi- sionnement énergétique de la population urbaine burundaise, de nouvelles tech- niques et pratiques doivent être adoptées, comme la plantation d’arbres le long des axes routiers, la régénération naturelle assistée, la recherche d’espèces et varié- tés mieux adaptées et plus rentables, le recours aux énergies renouvelables, la valorisation énergétique des déchets et l’amélioration de l’efficience énergétique (foyers améliorés, par exemple).
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Tesis sobre el tema "Burundi – Population"

1

Manirakiza, René. "Population et développement au Burundi /". Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413078152.

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Bidou, Jean Etienne. "Croissance de la population et mutations agraires au Burundi". Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30033.

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Les fortes densites de population du burundi (plus de 200 hab au km2 en 1990) ont une origine ancienne qui tient a la fo is de l'encadrement par une monarchie ancienne et de la cohesion d'une paysannerie etablie dans un milieu favorable de m ontagne tropicale. La pression demographique se revele le moteur essentiel de la transformation des systemes agraires. L a disparition du pastoralisme, la mise en culture des marais, l'intensification des cultures se diffusent du centre tres peuple du pays vers sa peripherie. L'intensification jointe a une mobilite accrue de la population assurent l'autosubsi stance de la population mais ne peuvent assurer le developpement du pays
Burundi's heavy population density (over 200 inhab. Sgk in 1990) is long standing, due in part to the structure of the past monarchy and the cohesion of the peasantry which was established under the favorable conditions of tropical highlan ds. Demographic pressure is shown to be the moving force in the transformation of rural systems. The extinction of cattl e herding; wetland cultivation and intensive farming are expanding from the highly populated center of the country to its surrounding areas. Intensive farming, joined to the increased mobility of the rural population answers self-sufficie ncy but cannot guaranty the development of the country
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3

Manirakiza, René. "Système socio-spatial coutumier et transition démographique au Burundi : des mutations complexes face aux enjeux du développement". Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU1002.

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Le but de cette thèse est de montrer les changements que le pays a connus depuis la fin du XIXème siècle et leur impact sur la situation démographique actuelle. Du point de vue socio-spatial, près de 92% de la population vit dans les campagnes et l’habitat est dispersé sur les collines. Le système de succession en vigueur reconnaît le partage égalitaire de la propriété familiale entre les fils qui se marient. La fin du XIXème siècle et le début du XXème siècle ont été marqués par des épidémies et des famines qui occasionnaient une mortalité élevée et qui par conséquent ne permirent qu’une croissance démographique modérée. Depuis le début du XXème siècle avec la lutte contre les maladies et les famines, les indices de mortalité ont diminué. Cela a eu pour conséquence une croissance élevée de la population caractéristique de la première phase de la transition démographique. Cette forte augmentation démographique dans une économie agricole d’autosubsistance a conduit à une pénurie de terres en augmentant les densités rurales. Le manque de terres chez les ruraux débouche sur la surexploitation de ces dernières et par conséquent sur la dégradation de l’environnement. Pour contenir cette démographie galopante, une politique de développement humain durable associant des mesures de limitation des naissances et d’aménagement du territoire reste pertinente et efficace pour sortir la société burundaise d’une transition difficile qu’elle traverse
The purpose of this thesis is to show the transformations which happened in the country since the end of the XIXth century and their impact on the actual demographic situation. On socio-spatial viewpoint, about 92% of population lives in the campaign and their houses are scattered in the space. The traditional law about succession recognises to all the sons, the right to inherit a part of family land when married; that contributes to reduce the sizes of farming lands. The end of XIXth century and the beginning of the XXth century had been characterised by epidemics and famines which increased mortality. As consequence, the growth of population was moderated. However, since the XXth century, by a policy of fighting against diseases and famines, the indicators of mortality have decreased. The result is a high increasing of population. Unfortunately, in an agricultural economy of subsistence, that important growth of population leads to a shortage of agriculture lands because of the increasing of rural densities. The unsatisfied demand of land is followed by an overexploitation of properties which causes environment’s degradation. As a solution to this galloping demography, a human and sustainable policy which includes an appropriate program of birth limitations and planning of territory use is essential for burundian society to go through the difficult transition in which it is
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4

Burafuta, Jean-Paul. "Les élites nationales face à la croissance démographique en rapport avec le développement socio-économique : cas du Burundi". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/55409.

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Barro, Alassane Sie. "Using Geographic Information Systems for Onchocerciasis control in Africa: case of Ghana and Burundi". OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/636.

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Onchocerciasis is a blindness-causing disease caused by a nematode called Onchocerca volvulus that is transmitted by Simulium blackflies. The disease is a major epidemiological problem among rural communities living in close proximity to rivers in some population in Sub-Saharan Africa. Recent studies identified Ghana to be a treat of recrudescence of onchocerciasis in neighboring countries. This thesis applies spatial models, predicts, and assesses population at risk of onchocerciasis in Ghana. It also evaluates the disease endemicity in Burundi in order to test the models applied in Ghana. Onchocerciasis prevalence data spanning a period of 2004 (Ghana) and 1985-1992 (Burundi) were integrated together with biophysical variables in a GIS. Next, modeling of the spatial risk of onchocerciasis was based on the principal component analysis (PCA) regression models. The final predictive spatial models represent the risk of the disease. The spatial models showed potential biogeographic zones and epidemiological patterns of onchocerciasis in relation to village settlements that are at risk. Also, the risk of onchocerciasis increased with the proximity to the rivers. The estimated population at risk in Ghana in 2010 was 5,211,808 people (or 21.36% of the total population) and 235,032 people in Burundi (or 2.8% of the total population). Findings from this study can help in the effective design of preventive control measures of the risk of recrudescence of the disease and safeguard the achievements of the OCP and APOC programs.
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6

Guichaoua, André. "Destins paysans et politiques agraires en Afrique centrale". Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010686.

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Apparemment tout oppose les contextes régionaux de l’Afrique des hautes terres "surpeuplée" et le Congo "sous peuple" qui constituent les deux pôles extrêmes de l’Afrique dans le domaine de la répartition des populations rurales et urbaines. Il est cependant possible de dégager certaines convergences dans l'évolution des devenirs paysans et le sort réservé aux populations rurales par les bourgeoisies "directoriales" au pouvoir. L'analyse des processus d'élaboration et de mise en œuvre des politiques agraires illustre le primat indiscuté accordé aux exigences économiques et politiques urbaines aussi bien en termes d'accumulation et de concentration des richesses que de régulation des flux migratoires. Les tentatives permanentes des partis uniques au pouvoir pour contrôler ou mettre à leur service les diverses formes de solidarité et les dynamismes propres au milieu rural complètent le dessaisissement des producteurs de la terre. Mais d'une manière générale, les processus d'exclusion et de relégation dont les populations rurales sont victimes ne suffisent pas à eux seuls à expliquer les raisons de la résignation et de la démobilisation paysannes telles qu'elles s'expriment au travers de la crispation traditionnaliste des paysans des hautes terres centrales ou plus brutalement par la désagrégation de la paysannerie congolaise "inorganisée". Aux yeux des intéressés, c'est la situation paysanne elle-même qui est désormais perçue comme insupportable en terme d'identité culturelle. En effet, si la reproduction sociale suppose que soient réunies un certain nombre de conditions "objectives" favorables, elle repose avant tout sur la conviction que le groupe social auquel on appartient à un avenir; s'appuie sur un système de valeurs socialement reconnu et valorise. Au Congo, l'effondrement du "monde paysan" est certes venu de l'incapacité des notables lignagers à transmettre aux cadets sociaux des aspirations mobilisatrices, mais plus encore de l'action de l'état "révolutionnaire" qui a pris la responsabilité de définir et de sélectionner les fractions légitimes de la paysannerie appelées a bénéficier des faveurs économiques et politiques centrales en confirmant les jeunes ruraux dans le sentiment que le droit à la reproduction sociale lui-même leur était désormais matériellement et symboliquement accorde de l'extérieur. Au Burundi et au Rwanda, la soumission des populations rurales découle de l'absence d'alternatives possibles (emplois et revenus extra-agricoles) ou autorisées (l'installation en ville). Les équilibres économiques et la cohésion politique de ces véritables états-paysans perdurent du fait de leur capacité à bloquer l'émergence d'un autre système social fait de "classes" distinctes se substituant à un ordre hiérarchique ou chacun exerce des fonctions faiblement différenciées qui concourent à la cohésion de l'ensemble. Ce cas exemplaire d'attachement à la terre et aux activités agricoles apparait donc finalement comme un contre-exemple non transposable. Les vocations paysannes n'atteignent un tel degré d'adhésion contrainte que pour autant que les possibilités de comparaison des jeunes générations avec d'autres perspectives sociales demeurent réduites. L'ordre paysan sauvegarde de l’Afrique des grands lacs n'assure sa pérennité qu'en redoublant au niveau idéologique l'enclavement géographique auquel il est condamne.
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7

Jagadesh, Soushieta. "Biogeography of Emerging Infectious Diseases In search for the hotspots of Disease X: A biogeographic approach to mapping the predictive risk of WHO’s Blueprint Priority Diseases Emerging human infectious diseases of aquatic origin: a comparative biogeographic approach using Bayesian spatial modelling Global emergence of Buruli Ulcer Spatial variations between Leishmania species: A biogeographic approach to mapping the distribution of Leishmania species in French Guiana Mapping priority neighborhoods: A novel approach to cluster identification in HIV/AIDS population". Thesis, Guyane, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020YANE0007.

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La récente pandémie de Covid19 nous rappelle, si cela était encore nécessaire, que la propagation des maladies infectieuses ignore les frontières géographiques. Les changements combinés de biodiversité locale et l’utilisation des terres, l’augmentation de la connectivité internationale par le transport et le commerce ainsi que la menace imminente du changement climatique a accru le risque d’émergence et de réémergence des maladies infectieuses (EMI). Jusqu’à présent la réponse des politiques de santé publique a été la surveillance passive sans toutefois s’avérer réellement efficace dans la prévention et le contrôle des épidémies. Le choix qui a été fait ici est celui d’une nouvelle approche anticipative, par identification des zones à haut risques d’EMI en se basant sur la détection des facteurs environnementaux les plus favorisant. Parmi ces facteurs on trouve la conversion des terres, la diminution drastique de la biodiversité ou encore le changement climatique. Ainsi la méthode biogéographique a permis d’étudier et d’analyser les EMI à travers différents groupes de taxons de pathogènes comme les bactéries, les virus, les protozoaires et les champignons. L’étude a été portée globalement, ainsi que localement, en Guyane Française, un territoire français d’outre-mer situé en Amérique du Sud. Dans les deux cas, à travers les différents groupes de pathogènes, les risques d’inondation, les récentes conversions de parcelles de forêts en terres agro-minières et l’augmentation du minimum de température due au changement climatique se sont avérés être des facteurs significatifs dans l’émergence globale et locale des maladies infectieuses étudiées. Les principaux résultats de cette thèse sont les suivantes :1. Une approche biogéographique de modélisation de la distribution des EMI en utilisant les bases de données existantes sur les cas cliniques, l’imagerie satellite et un modèle statistique non conventionnel est efficace pour détecter précocement les régions à risque, permettre d’améliorer la prévention, et contrôler leur diffusion.2. Il est possible d’anticiper les EMI en identifiant et en gérant précocement les facteurs favorisant ayant un lien direct avec l’anthropisation de l’environnement
The COVID-19 pandemic highlights that the spread of infectious diseases goes beyond geographical boundaries. Simultaneous changes in local biodiversity and land use, the increasing international connectivity through human transport and trade and the imminent threat of climate change have increased the risk of the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases. The current public health response to emerging infectious diseases (EID) by passive surveillance has proven largely ineffective in preventing and controlling disease outbreaks. The way toward is to “get ahead of the curve” by identifying potential hotspots of disease emergence and detecting the environmental triggers such as land transformation, biodiversity loss and climate change. I used a biogeographic approach to study and analyze disease emergence across different taxonomic pathogen groups such as bacterial, viral, protozoal and fungal, globally and in French Guiana, a French Overseas territory located in South America. I found that regions at risk of floods, recent conversion of forest to agricultural lands and increasing minimum temperature (i.e. temperature at night) caused by cli mate change were drivers for disease emergence locally and globally across the different pathogen groups. The main findings of the PhD thesis are the following:1. Biogeographic approach to mapping the distribution of EIDs with using existing human cases data, remote sensing imagery and unconventional statistical models is effective to “get ahead of the curve” in the detection of regions at risk and the management of EIDs.2. EIDs are not unprecedented but predictable by identifying and managing the triggers of disease emergence, which have a direct link with the anthropization of the environment
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"Protracted conflict, economic status and health services as determinants of health outcomes among the general population in Burundi". THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, 2008. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3309804.

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Vandelannoote, K., D. M. Phanzy, K. Kibadi, M. Eddyani, Conor J. Meehan, K. Jordaens, H. Leirs et al. "Mycobacterium ulcerans Population Genomics to Inform on the Spread of Buruli Ulcer across Central Africa". 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17258.

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Yes
Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection with the pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans. Many critical issues for disease control, such as understanding the mode of transmission and identifying source reservoirs of M. ulcerans, are still largely unknown. Here, we used genomics to reconstruct in detail the evolutionary trajectory and dynamics of M. ulcerans populations at a central African scale and at smaller geographical village scales. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data were analyzed from 179 M. ulcerans strains isolated from all Buruli ulcer foci in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, The Republic of Congo, and Angola that have ever yielded positive M. ulcerans cultures. We used both temporal associations and the study of the mycobacterial demographic history to estimate the contribution of humans as a reservoir in Buruli ulcer transmission. Our phylogeographic analysis revealed one almost exclusively predominant sublineage of M. ulcerans that arose in Central Africa and proliferated in its different regions of endemicity during the Age of Discovery. We observed how the best sampled endemic hot spot, the Songololo territory, became an area of endemicity while the region was being colonized by Belgium (1880s). We furthermore identified temporal parallels between the observed past population fluxes of M. ulcerans from the Songololo territory and the timing of health policy changes toward control of the Buruli ulcer epidemic in that region. These findings suggest that an intervention based on detecting and treating human cases in an area of endemicity might be sufficient to break disease transmission chains, irrespective of other reservoirs of the bacterium.
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Buultjens, A. H., K. Vandelannoote, Conor J. Meehan, M. Eddyani, Jong B. C. de, J. A. M. Fyfe, M. Globan et al. "Comparative Genomics Shows That Mycobacterium ulcerans Migration and Expansion Preceded the Rise of Buruli Ulcer in Southeastern Australia". 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17261.

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Since 2000, cases of the neglected tropical disease Buruli ulcer, caused by infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans, have increased 100-fold around Melbourne (population 4.4 million), the capital of Victoria, in temperate southeastern Australia. The reasons for this increase are unclear. Here, we used whole-genome sequence comparisons of 178 M. ulcerans isolates obtained primarily from human clinical specimens, spanning 70 years, to model the population dynamics of this pathogen from this region. Using phylogeographic and advanced Bayesian phylogenetic approaches, we found that there has been a migration of the pathogen from the east end of the state, beginning in the 1980s, 300 km west to the major human population center around Melbourne. This move was then followed by a significant increase in M. ulcerans population size. These analyses inform our thinking around Buruli ulcer transmission and control, indicating that M. ulcerans is introduced to a new environment and then expands, rather than it being from the awakening of a quiescent pathogen reservoir.
National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC), an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship to T.P.S. (grant GNT1105525); and an NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship to B.P.H. (GNT1105905). A.H.B. was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award Ph.D. scholarship.
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Libros sobre el tema "Burundi – Population"

1

Population et développement au Burundi. Paris: Harmattan, 2008.

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Thibon, Christian. Histoire démographique du Burundi. Paris: Karthala, 2004.

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Histoire démographique du Burundi. Paris: Karthala, 2004.

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Nkurunziza, François. Population--agriculture et environnement au Burundi. Bujumbura: République du Burundi, Ministère du plan, Unité de planification de la population, 1992.

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Havyarimana, Joseph. Les exploitations agricoles au Burundi. Bujumbura: République du Burundi, Ministère du plan, Institut de statistiques et d'études économiques du Burundi, 1992.

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Burundi. Bureau central de recensement. Recensement général de la population et de l'habitat du Burundi 2008. Bujumbura: République du Burundi, Ministère de l'intérieur, Bureau central du recensement, 2011.

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Béduwé, Cécile. Perception de la justice de proximité par la population au Burundi. Burundi: Programme d'appui à la bonne gouvernance "Gutwara Neza", 2008.

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Journée de réflexion sur les questions de population en période de crise au Burundi (1997 CPF, Bujumbura, Burundi). Journée de réflexion sur les questions de population en période de crise au Burundi: Rapport final. Bujumbura: UPP, 1997.

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Bergen, D. Contribution à la connaissance des régions naturelles du Burundi: Données de supeficie et de population par colline de recensement. Bujumbura: ISABU, 1992.

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Séminaire national sur population & développement au Burundi (1991 Kigobe, Bujumbura, Burundi). Séminaire national sur population & développement au Burundi: Kigobe, Bujumbura, 4-9 novembre 1991 : rapport final. Bujumbura: République du Burundi, Premier ministère et ministère du plan, 1992.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Burundi – Population"

1

Vandelannoote, Koen, Miriam Eddyani, Andrew Buultjens y Timothy P. Stinear. "Population Genomics and Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium ulcerans". En Buruli Ulcer, 107–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11114-4_6.

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"Burundi". En World Population Prospects, 153–56. UN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/91291952-en.

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"Burundi". En World Population Policies 2015, 186–87. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/60efc671-en.

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"Burundi". En World Population Policies 2017, 100–101. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210049702c037.

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"Burundi". En World Population Prospects 2019 - Volume II: Demographic Profiles, 340–44. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/d3557373-en.

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"Burundi". En World Population Prospects 2017 - Volume II: Demographic Profiles, 153–56. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210001021c068.

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"Burundi". En Statistical Papers - United Nations (Ser. A), Population and Vital Statistics Report, 198–99. UN, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e72c327f-en.

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"Burundi". En Statistical Papers - United Nations (Ser. A), Population and Vital Statistics Report, 289–92. UN, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/a872d025-en.

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Schneider, Marius y Vanessa Ferguson. "Burundi". En Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0009.

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Burundi is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region where East and Central Africa meet. It is wedged between Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Rwanda. It is a small country of 27,834 square kilometres (km) with a population of 10.8 million in 2017, making it the second most densely populated country in Africa. Since February 2019, Burundi has two capitals: Gitega is the political capital of Burundi while Bujumbura is the economic capital. Bujumbura is also the largest city is and hosts the only international airport, the Bujumbura International Airport. The biggest port of the country is situated on the Lake Tanganyika on the north-west side of Bujumbura. The working week is from Monday to Friday and the currency used is the Burundi Franc (BIF).
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"No. 50528 United Nations (United Nations Population Fund) and Burundi". En United Nations Treaty Series, 155–59. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/5f0da525-en-fr.

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