Tesis: "Childhood overweight and obesity"

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Klopotowski, Georges Montaldo. "Exploring Childhood Overweight and Obesity through Social Networks". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10263.

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The primary objective of this exploratory study is to understand how ties and influence patterns among actors’ interactions (in this particular case the term actors refer to student/children, father, mother, best friend, and teacher) within an intervention setting affect the students’ dietary habits, physical activities habits and sedentary behaviour. This exploratory study will attempt to identify interesting patterns related to children’s behaviour. As eating habits in children may be affected by various factors, including school intervention, ties and other influence agents, it is extremely difficult to identify the “cause effect relationship” in their eating habits. Therefore, this work is a comprehensive description of our attempt to identify possible factors associated with the improvement of children’s behaviours. The exploratory study hopes that this work forms the basis for future studies where it is possible to better control samples and use improved measurement tools for ties and influence levels. As a result, it will be possible to identify with better precision which factors really influence children’s behaviour. Therefore, not only do the theories and findings presented in this exploratory study entail very different pathways of effect and diverse methodologies for measurement, they also help us to understand the need for innovative ways to design and measure interventions.

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2

Sehgal, Nishek. "Nutrimed healthcare clinic for treating childhood obesity and overweight". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10105277.

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The prevalence of overweight and obese individuals has been a critical issue which has caused a worldwide concerns for the health threats, since it is burdened due to several linked diseases. This business plan proposes the establishment of a for-profit health clinic named NutriMed that provides a quality care and is mainly patient centered. This clinic provide the care to decrease the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the children of the ages 5 to 19 years. The functioning of this clinic is based on Barlow et al approach for prevention and treatment of obesity using the multidisciplinary team effort, which consist of physician, dietitian, exercise expert, nurse and behavioral therapist. The goal of this health clinic is to improve the health in the Los Angles community especially for children. This is done by identifying the priorities and striving for a patient-centered and evidence based approach to care. While this plan acknowledges the challenges in serving indigent populations, the clinic will contract with Medi-Cal and commit to continuous fundraising efforts to remain financially sustainable in order to improve the health of vulnerable Angelino’s children.

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3

He, Qing y 何淸. "Childhood obesity: definition, risk factors and consequences". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240252.

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He, Qing. "Childhood obesity : definition, risk factors and consequences /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21904145.

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5

Toten, Deborah Ann. "Childhood overweight and childhood obesity in fifth graders at Granite Hill Elementary School". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2181.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if the students in the 5th grade class at Granite Hill Elementary were overweight or obese. The research questions included: (a) Does the Granite Hill Elementary School population mirror the world wide trend of increasing childhood overweight and childhood obesity, and (b) how does the Granite Hill Elementary School population compare to the International Obesity Task Force standards?

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Vejnar, Sharon Trower. "Parents' perspectives and barriers regarding childhood overweight". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3028.

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The purpose of this project was to explore parent perceptions about their children's weight and the perceived barriers to implementing healthy eating habits and patterns of physical activity for their children.

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7

Hayden, Wade Helen A. "A proposed psychosocial consequences model of childhood obesity /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3044785.

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8

Gemmell, Tracy. "Childhood obesity : the perceptions & experiences of overweight children & their parents". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/childhood-obesity-the-perceptions-and-experiences-of-overweight-children-and-their-parents(52d371af-611d-4c55-98ea-9769a872e7d9).html.

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Childhood obesity continues to grow in the UK despite multiple prevention and intervention strategies. Research on childhood obesity has tended to focus on quantitative research with parents of overweight children, however recently there has been some qualitative studies done with parents and research is beginning to emerge with overweight children themselves. The purpose of this thesis was therefore to draw together the available qualitative research with parents and to undertake an original piece of qualitative research with overweight children. Paper one is a meta-synthesis of qualitative papers examining parents’ perceptions, experiences, beliefs and attitudes to parenting their overweight child. This review involved four phases; systematically searching the literature, applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, undertaking a quality appraisal of the studies and synthesising the findings. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and two over-arching themes were identified; ambivalence and responsibility. Ambivalence encompassed the sub-themes recognition, parents’ own weight history, uncertainty, and feeding and emotion. The sub-themes resources, attribution and parenting difficulties formed the over-arching theme of responsibility. These findings are discussed in relation to the importance of including parents in childhood weight management interventions and suggestions about what these programmes should focus on in order to be effective. The second paper is an original research study which explored overweight children’s perceptions of their size, and how this affected their self-view. Six participants, aged 8-12, were interviewed and the data was analysed using a combination of Thematic Analysis and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four themes labelled; recognition, self-view, beliefs about exercise and weight loss, and making sense of eating were identified. The over-arching theme labelled minimisation was found to run through the other themes. These finding are discussed in relation to previous studies, along with their clinical implications and the possible directions for future research. The final paper is a critical appraisal which outlines my experiences of carrying out qualitative research with overweight children and their families. It outlines why I chose this project, and my observations and reflections on undertaking the study. It also discusses what I have learnt from the experience and what I will take forward into my career as a clinical psychologist. Finally it discusses the findings from the thesis as a whole and the possible clinical implications and directions for future research.

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9

Callahan, Katie. "Assessing the Social and Ecological Factors that Influence Childhood Overweight and Obesity". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2454.

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The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in the United States. Currently more than 1 in 3 children aged 2-19 are overweight or obese. This is of major concern because childhood overweight and obesity leads to chronic conditions such as type II diabetes and tracks into adulthood, where more severe adverse health outcomes arise. In this study I used the premise of the social ecological model (SEM) to analyze the common levels that a child is exposed to daily; the intrapersonal level, the interpersonal level, the school level, and the community level to better understand what risk factors are significantly associated with child weight status. Data came from the 2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) (n=41,361). Frequencies and confidence intervals were used to describe risk factors at each level. Bivariate analyses were conducted between each risk factor and the outcome variable. Using all risk factors that were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in the bivariate analyses, multinomial logistic regressions were performed for each SEM level. The 4 SEM levels were then analyzed together using stagewise multinomial logistic regression. A significance level cutoff of 0.05 was applied to all analyses. Thirty-three percent of participants were overweight or obese. Child sex, race, age, child physical activity participation, mother’s education and health, the child’s family structure, the child’s participation in extracurricular activities, frequency of family meals at home, safety and engagement in school, the number of amenities and the safety and support within their communities were found to be significantly associated with child weight status. The odds ratios of the covariates in the final stagewise model were similar to those in each individual model. Understanding both the risk factors associated with child overweight and obesity in each individual level and in the complete socio-ecological perspective is important when working toward more effective policy and program creation and the reduction of childhood obesity. Recognizing that all levels of a child's SEM influence his or her likelihood of being overweight or obese can lead to more effective strategies that tackle multiple SEM levels collectively instead of each level independently.

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Davidson, Kamila. "Early identification of childhood overweight and obesity: The wicked problem in Australia". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206180/1/Kamila_Davidson_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigated how to improve early identification of childhood overweight and obesity in Australia. In a series of three studies, this research applied behavioural change theory to examine determinants to assessing children’s weight status in primary health care. The recommendations provided in this thesis aim to affect policy and practice so that children can be better supported in maintaining and improving their health and wellbeing.

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11

Hejazi, Samar. "Temperament, parenting, and the development of childhood obesity". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/203.

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The purpose of this study was two-fold: (a) to identify, in a large representative sample of Canadian children, the age-related trajectories of overweight and obesity from toddlerhood into childhood and (b) to investigate the associations between these trajectories and children’s temperaments, their parents’ parenting practices and their interactions. Potentially important familial characteristics (i.e., the parents’ or surrogates’ age, income level, and educational attainment) were considered in the models. The sample for this study was drawn from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). Group-based mixture modeling analyses were conducted to identify the number and types of distinct trajectories in the development of obesity (i.e., to explicate the developmental processes in the variability of childhood obesity) in a representative sample of children who were between 24 to 35 months of age, at baseline, and followed biennially over a 6-year span. Discriminant analysis was conducted to assess the theoretical notion of goodness-of-fit between parenting practices and children’s temperament, and their association with membership in the BMI trajectory groups. The results of the group-based modeling established three different BMI trajectories for the boys, namely: stable-normal BMI, transient-high BMI, and j-curve obesity. The analyses revealed four different trajectories of BMI change for the girls: stable-normal BMI, early-declining BMI, late-declining BMI, and accelerating rise to obesity. The multivariate analysis revealed that the combined predictors of the obesity trajectories of the girls (group membership) included having a fussy temperament, ineffective parenting, and parents’ educational attainment. Predictors of the boys’ obesity trajectory (group membership) included household income, parental education, and effective parenting practices. Understanding the different ways in which a child may develop obesity will allow nurses and other health professionals to take different approaches in the assessment, intervention and evaluation of obesity and obesity-related health problems. The results of this study further our understanding of factors associated with the development of obesity at a young age and hence may inform the development of early preventive programs.

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12

Patience, Molly Katherine. "Parental perceptions of childhood obesity| Do parents realize if their child is overweight?" Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1528022.

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The purpose of this study was to research parents' ability to acknowledge obesity within their own child. Based on this goal, the following hypotheses were tested: parents who are overweight or obese themselves will be less likely to acknowledge the presence of overweight or obesity in their own child; increases in the characteristics of Nature Deficit Disorder, namley sedentary activity and exclusion of the outdoors, will be positively correlated with increases in childhood obesity; there is no relationship between a parent's BMI and their child's sedentary behavior; there is no relationship between a parent's BMI and their child's physically active behavior. No significance was found, however findings indicated that the majority of parents, regardless of their weight category, were unable to correctly identify the weight category of their child. Further research is recommended to explore a parent's ability to correctly indicate the weight category of their own child.

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13

Martin, Anne. "Lifestyle interventions to improve educational attainment in overweight or obese children". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15771.

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Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with increased physical and psychosocial co-morbidities, and with lower cognitive function and educational attainment. Clinical guidelines recommend lifestyle interventions (healthy diet, increased physical activity and decreased sedentary behaviour) for the treatment of childhood obesity. Lifestyle interventions are known to benefit cognitive function and educational attainment in normal weight children. However, it is not known whether the same benefits occur when lifestyle interventions are used to treat overweight and obese children. Aim & Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to assess the effect of lifestyle interventions on educational attainment in overweight and obese children in three studies: Objective 1: Assess the efficacy of lifestyle interventions for improving educational attainment. Objective 2: Establish the feasibility of assessing the effectiveness of a childhood primary care weight management programme on educational attainment. Objective 3: Investigate the potential mechanisms for how lifestyle interventions for weight management might benefit educational attainment of overweight children. Methods: Study 1: Systematic (Cochrane) review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of single or multicomponent lifestyle interventions in children aged 3-18 years. Study 2: Quasi-experimental study linking childhood weight management data of children 5-15 years with education data from local education authorities in Scotland. Study 3: Qualitative study designed to gain insight into overweight and obese children’s and their parents’ perceptions and experiences in school and weight management programme obtained from focus groups and interviews. Results: Study 1: The systematic review included six studies of 674 overweight and obese children and adolescents. Findings indicated that school-based healthy lifestyle education combined with nutrition interventions can produce small improvements in overall school attainment. Single component physical activity interventions produced small improvements in mathematics attainment and associated cognitive skills (executive function, and working memory). There was no evidence of an effect of any lifestyle intervention on reading, vocabulary and language attainment, attention, inhibitory control, and simultaneous processing. Study 2: Cross-sectorial administrative data-linkage was shown to be feasible. This pilot study showed no evidence of a beneficial effect of a primary care child weight management programme on reading, writing and mathematics attainment in overweight and obese children. However, a definitive study to properly assess the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions outside the research environment is clearly feasible in Scotland. Study 3: The themes emerging from focus groups and interviews were body weight related school experiences, attitudes towards school, obesity and school performance, and influence of weight management. Participants perceived that being overweight can benefit educational attainment because a lack of friends means they are less distracted from learning. Low psychosocial well-being experienced by the participants was improved after taking part in a weight management programme. Parents understood this benefit could potentially impact positively on school experiences and attainment in the long-term. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of childhood obesity, educational and cognitive outcomes could be improved, to some extent, in a very large number of school-aged children through increased physical activity and nutrition education intended for weight management. Health policy makers should be aware of these potential additional benefits when promoting physical activity and healthy eating in schools. Childhood weight management programmes exist widely and thus provide an opportunity to evaluate their impact on educational outcomes in the community. Implemented child weight management programmes may benefit from improved recording of routine data and from obtaining participants’ administrative education data to ensure adequate support and supervision of this vulnerable population. In addition, weight management programmes could consider promoting psychosocial well-being of participants to potentially benefit both health and educational outcome. Lifestyle interventions for obese children and adolescents are under-investigated particularly with regard to a) efficacy in clinical and community settings, b) short and long-term effectiveness for improving educational attainment and c) mechanisms of benefit on educational attainment and cognitive function.

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Rose, Jennifer. "A nutrition transition : does childhood food insecurity lead to overweight or obesity in later adulthood? /". Thesis, View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3847928X.

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Terry, Crystal Keyes. "Parental Perceptions of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Four-Year-Olds in Northeastern North Carolina". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2586.

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Childhood obesity has increased due to factors such as more television time, less outside play, parents' lack of education about nutritious meals, and eating more fast food versus home cooked meals. Research has been performed on many school-aged children; however, there is a gap in research as it pertains to preschool children. Preschool age learning is when children are most receptive to habit-forming activities. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to assess the parental perceptions of 11 preschool parents in rural Northeastern North Carolina of 4-year-old children who have been told by a health care professional that their children are overweight or obese. This qualitative study used the health belief model as its theoretical foundation. Responses were manually transcribed and uploaded into NVivo 10 software. The researcher performed horizonalization of the data to determine the themes and subthemes used for data analysis. Participants revealed that they recognized childhood obesity and overweight as an issue in their child and were knowledgeable on how to combat their child's diagnosis. As a result of this research, parents revealed that working and a lack of affordable resources played viable roles in why childhood obesity and overweight exists in their children. Parents shared that they felt safe in their neighborhoods, but acknowledged that affordability of healthy foods and other family members' impact on their child's eating habits play a role in their child's weight concerns. This study will lead to positive social change by providing local public health workers with an increased understanding of the experiences of parents of overweight and obese preschool-aged children, which may assist in stronger program development for the targeted population.

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Hall, Gerald William. "Identification, Diagnosis, Counseling, and Referral of Overweight Military Dependent Children to Reverse Early Childhood Obesity". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3685.

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Since 1980, the obesity rate in children 5 to 11 years of age has increased from 7% to 18%. The lack of structured physical activity and poor dietary habits childhood are primary risk factors for obesity related comorbidities in adulthood. Guided by primary care providers, families can reverse childhood obesity by implementing healthy dietary habits and engaging in structured physical activity. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop an evidenced-based policy with procedures to standardize the timely and consistent identification of overweight children at a primary care clinic serving military families. With an emphasis on obesity prevention within families through primary care interventions, the revised health belief model guided the project design. A literature review was conducted in a systematic manner to identify effective strategies and interventions to inform the policy development. Then, the Delphi technique guided a 12-member expert panel to evaluate the policy and procedures in terms of the level of evidence and the implementation plan with the goal of achieving consensus with recommendations for revisions. Consensus was achieved with multiple revisions following the completion of two Delphi rounds. The first panel session (n=12) concluded with a 70% consensus, including recommended revisions to improve the policy implementation. The second panel session (n=12) concluded with 100% consensus for the revised policy. The final policy and procedures addressed the clinical practice gap with a robust process to identify, counsel, and refer overweight children to external specialty programs for obesity management. By intervening to reverse the progression of childhood obesity, this project achieved positive social change at an organization level.

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Fardales, Daysi. "Health Care Providers' Knowledge of Childhood Obesity Within the Hispanic Community". NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_con_stuetd/45.

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Background: Recent studies indicate a rise in the prevalence of obesity in children of various age groups. Obesity was officially recognized as a disease by the American Medical Association (AMA) in June 2013. It has been acknowledged as a progressive epidemic public health crisis in the United States for the past 20 years. This is a health care concern that needs examination and the development of new and more effective prevention and treatment modalities for obesity in children. Environmental, hereditary, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors play a significant role in the prevalence of obesity (Rooney, Mathiason, & Schauberger, 2011). Childhood obesity can generate serious emotional and physical consequences, thereby compromising the quality of life among children. Purpose: The purpose of this capstone project was to assess health care providers’ cultural competency by assessing the management of Hispanic parents with children diagnosed with obesity. A culturally diverse survey was developed to evaluate pediatric health care providers’ daily practice and management of Hispanic parents of children with obesity. Theoretical Framework: Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality and the Health Belief Model constitute the theoretical framework of this capstone project. Methods: The research project gained support from the private pediatric primary care office for the completion of a questionnaire to assess health care providers’ knowledge of childhood obesity. Results: The data analysis revealed that the health care providers surveyed had at times omitted the evaluation of parameters that were vital in managing the health care of obese or overweight children. Certain parameters, such as weight, were always considered. The data analysis revealed gaps in the care of Hispanic pediatric overweight or obese patients and Hispanic caregivers. As a result of the findings, a better understanding of the importance of providing culturally competent health care was gained. Conclusion: This survey increased health care providers’ awareness of the importance of taking culture into consideration. It identified the gaps, and measures are now being evaluated to improve the quality of care provided to these children.

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Pillai, Kartik. "The Relation between Perceived and Real Obesity in School Children from Georgia". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/166.

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Background: Physical activity and childhood obesity have been studied extensively across the globe, but only few studies have been done in children who are aware of their obesity, overweight status and among children who are taking measures to control their weight. The purpose of this study is to examine agreement between perceived weight and ideal weight differences across gender, grade level, race and levels of weight control. METHODS: This study is based on the secondary analysis of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) conducted in the state of Georgia in 2009 (n=1882). The 2009 YRBS for each state that participated used a two-stage cluster sample design to produce a fairly representative sample of public school students in the grades of 9-12. Agreement between the perceived weight and the ideal weight differences across gender, grade level and race was measured using Kappa statistic. RESULTS: In general, agreement between perceived weight and the ideal weight were better in females compared to males. A much higher degree of concordance between perceived weight and the ideal weight was observed in Whites compared to Blacks and Hispanics. The analysis by grade resulted in 12th grade participants showing a high concordance value between their ideal weight and their perceived weight than the lower grade levels. CONCLUSION: The results are in particular very insightful to the public health professionals who are in the process of promoting healthy behaviors. The study implies that minority groups such as Blacks and Hispanics may be more uninformed about their obesity status. Public health programs that are specifically designed to increase obesity awareness may help to alleviate obesity and its related consequences. Race and gender specific programs may help to increase perception about obesity in at-risk 9-12 children and adolescents.

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Wang, Liang, Arsham Alamian, Jodi Southerland, Kesheng Wang, James Anderson y Marc Stevens. "Cesarean Section and the Risk of Overweight in Grade 6 Children". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1369.

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We examined the relationship between cesarean section (C-section) and the risk of overweight and obesity in children in grade 6 (mean age, 11.92 years; standard deviation = 0.34). Data from phase I through phase III of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used. Children with complete data from 1991 through 2004 were included in this study (n = 917). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for potential confounding and to evaluate the association of C-section and childhood overweight and obesity. Compared to children delivered vaginally, children delivered by C-section had approximately twice the likelihood of being overweight (odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.27–2.73) or obese (OR = 1.87, 95 % CI = 1.19–2.95). However, when examined according to sex, males delivered by C-section had an increased risk for being overweight (OR = 1.78, 95 % CI = 1.01–3.12) and obese (OR = 2.58, 95 % CI = 1.36–4.88), while females had an increased risk only for being overweight (OR = 1.99, 95 % CI = 1.17–3.39). Conclusion: C-section was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in children in grade 6, but the relationship differed according to gender. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to examine the long-term effect of delivery mode on the risk of childhood overweight.

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Gong, Shaoqing. "Family Income, Maternal Marital Status, Maternal Employment, and the Development of Overweight and Obesity During Childhood". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1722.

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This study examined the longitudinal associations of family income level, maternal marital status, and maternal employment with body mass measurements and the development of overweight and obesity. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were used to assess the effects of the exposure variables on weight status with simultaneous adjustment for the exposure variables and the covariates. Key findings include: Children in families with incomes below the poverty line at child's 24 or 54 months of age were at a higher risk of becoming overweight and obese at child's third grade than children in families with incomes above the poverty line; longer maternal working hours at child's 54 months of age was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity at child's third grade. In conclusion, this study confirms that family poverty status and maternal working hours are associated with child's overweight and obesity risk.

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Schoonover, Sarah Diane y Wyona Marie Lagomarsino. "The effects of childhood obesity on elementary school absenteeism". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2750.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between body mass index and school absence. The research was a retrospective study of school nurse height and weight reports and attendance reports for 2nd grade Hispanic students at an elementary school in Riverside, California.

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Gysell, Yennie y Grenabo Karolina Nilsson. "Övervikt och dess påverkan på ungdomars självkänsla : En litteraturstudie". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9482.

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Bakgrund: Barnfetma är på väg att bli ett stort folkhälsoproblem i samhället. 42 miljoner barn under fem år är överviktiga i världen. God självkänsla är viktigt för det psykiska välbefinnandet. Syfte: Vi vill undersöka om en överviktig ungdom löper större risk att drabbas av låg självkänsla jämfört med en normalviktig ungdom. Metod: Vi har gjort en litteraturstudie där vi har analyserat tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Övervikt och fetma är ett stort problem med negativ påverkan på ungdomars psykiska hälsa. Skillnader finns mellan kön, etnicitet och socioekonomisk bakgrund. Flickor rapporterar lägre självkänsla än pojkar och ungdomar med afroamerikansk etnicitet rapporterar högre självkänsla än ungdomar från andra etniciteter. Slutsats: Övervikt och fetma har ett tydligt samband med låg självkänsla hos ungdomar, speciellt tydligt hos flickor. Därför är det viktigt att börja med insatser i tidig ålder för att motverka övervikt.
Background: Childhood obesity is becoming a major public health issue in the community. 42 million children under the age of five are overweight globally. Good self-esteem is important for mental well-being. Aim: We wanted to investigate if overweight youths were more likely to develop low self-esteem compared with normal weight youths. Method: We did a literature study where we analyzed ten scientific articles. Results: Overweight and obesity is a major problem with a negative impact on adolescent’s mental health. There is a difference between gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic background found in these studies. Girls report lower self-esteem compared to boys and young African-American report higher self-esteem compared to adolescents from other ethnicities. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity is clearly associated with low self-esteem in adolescents, especially evident in female gender. Therefore, it is important to start with interventions at an early age to prevent the problem of obesity.

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Miranda-Pierangeli, Maria Cecilia. "The Impact of Primary Language Spoken at Home and Overweight among Latino Boys and Girls in the United States". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/75.

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Abstract Purpose: Acculturation is associated with negative health behaviors and dietary practices among Latino’s in the U.S. Many social aspects include educational attainment, poverty, cultural norms and socio-cultural markers such as acculturation have been shown to directly and indirectly influence risk for obesity. However, few studies have examined the impact that acculturation has on obesity among children. For this reason, the objective of this thesis is to examine the prevalence and correlates of overweight in Latino children focusing specifically on language spoken at home as a proxy measure for acculturation. Methods: Secondary analysis were conducted of the National Survey of Children’s Health (2003). The cross-sectional analyses were limited to Hispanic children ages 6-17. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between overweight and language spoken at home, age, gender, educational attainment, media use, neighborhood safety and exercise frequency. Finally, stratified analyses were conducted to determine the prevalence and correlates of overweight in Spanish versus English speaking households. Results: Currently, the CDC reports that the prevalence of overweight among Latino children is 22%, higher than both non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black respectively. The findings show that Spanish language spoken at home is significantly associated with overweight among Latino children (Adj.OR 1.25 95% CI:1.09-1.43). Educational attainment showed significant association with increase in overweight; the lower the educational attainment the more likely these children were overweight. Additionally, frequent exercise reduced likelihood of overweight. Conclusions: Although, the findings are contradictory to the literature,primary language is associated with overweight for Latino children. The results also suggest that there are important similarities and differences between primary Spanish and English speaking Latino household that can be used to inform prevention programs and strategies for reducing overweight specifically among Latinos.

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Lockey, Stephen. "The Association Between Childhood Traffic Exhaust Exposure and Asthma Differs Between Normal and Overweight Children". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1352490277.

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Sfiligoj, Rita Marie. "Childhood obesity prevention; a school-focused intervention and the effect on school age children". Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Nursing Practice / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casednp1430133132.

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Anti, Eliza Weston. "The health care provider's experience with fathers of overweight and obese children". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/384.

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The purpose of this study was to uncover the experience of health care providers (HCPs) as they work with fathers of children who are overweight and obese in the outpatient setting. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used for data collection and analysis in this study. Seven HCPs were interviewed about their experiences. Two major themes emerged from the experiences of these HCPs: "dad in the backseat," and "paternal resistance." The theme of "dad in the backseat" captured to the HCPs' perception of parental roles and related stereotypes with respect to fathers' lack of presence in the health-care setting, family roles that relegate fathers to the backseat in dealing with this issue, and the tendency of fathers to take a passive role and defer to mothers in the management of their child's weight. "Paternal resistance" reflected the perceived tendency of the father to resist the acceptance of their child's weight as a problem, and to resist change and even undermine family efforts to make healthier choices. Health care providers' experiences of fathers as having a minimal role in the management of their child's overweight and obesity may lead them to neglect fathers as agents of change in this important issue.

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Hanson, Rebecka L. "Help in Overweight/Obesity Prevention Effort (HOPE) Study – A Study to Identify Resiliency Factors to Childhood Obesity and Comparison Between Body Mass Index and Figure Rating Scales". DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1065.

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Obesity results from a complex interaction between diet, physical activity, and the environment. The purposes of this study were to identify behaviors associated with resilience to childhood obesity, and to compare the sensitivity of the Figure Rating Scales (FRS) in reflecting Body Mass Index (BMI). Fifty health professionals in nutrition and 35 low-income, parent-and-child pairs completed the study. Children aged 6-11, perceived as “normal-weight” by their parents, were recruited. Five children had a measured BMI above the 85th percentile. Using a picture-sort method, each participant responded to a series of questions about 13 childhood obesity-related messages. Results included comparison between health professionals, parents, and children about 1) familiarity toward each message, 2) frequency in following the recommendation, 3) perception of ease for others to follow, and 4) perception of effectiveness to help prevent childhood obesity. Health professionals and parents had similar familiarity regarding all 13 messages. However, in terms of practicality, health professionals and parents differed significantly in eight messages that they reported “always taught/followed,” seven messages that they “sometimes taught/followed,” and two messages that they “seldom or never taught/followed.” In most messages, children’s observation about what the family followed differed from what parents reported following. In terms of ease for others to follow “Watch portion sizes” and “Tell children to eat all of the meal before getting dessert,” health professionals and parental perception differed significantly. In terms of effectiveness in childhood obesity prevention, health professionals and parents agreed on 12 of 13 messages. Health professionals did not find message “Tell children to eat all of the meal before getting dessert” to be effective in preventing childhood obesity, whereas parents did. FRS and measured BMI were significantly correlated among health professionals (r=0.75), parents (r=0.72), and children (r=0.53 for children ages 8-11, r=0.64 when a mother selected a silhouette for her child). For different subgroups, parent-and-child silhouette selection was closely correlated (r= 0.84). However, correlation between child’s BMI percentile and silhouette was nonsignificant in most subgroups (r= 0.47). In conclusion, FRS was effective among adults and older children (aged ≥8) in reflecting BMI but not among younger children (aged 6-7).

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Carrillo, Larco Rodrigo M., J. Jaime Miranda y Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz. "Wealth index and risk of childhood overweight and obesity: evidence from four prospective cohorts in Peru and Vietnam". Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/607744.

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OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence and risk of childhood overweight and obesity according to socioeconomic status in Peruvian and Vietnamese school-aged children. METHODS: Longitudinal data from the Young Lives study were analyzed. Exposure was wealth index in tertiles. Outcome was overweight and obesity. Cumulative incidence per 100 children-years, relative risks (RR), and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated. A hierarchical approach, including child- and family-related variables, was followed to construct multivariable models. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of overweight and obesity was 4.8 (95 % CI 4.1-5.5) and 1.7 (95 % CI 1.3-2.2) in the younger and older Peruvian cohort, respectively; and in Vietnam 1.5 (95 % CI 1.2-1.8) and 0.3 (95 % CI 0.2-0.5), respectively. The incidence of overweight and obesity was higher at the top wealth index tertile in all samples. In the older cohorts, comparing highest versus bottom wealth index tertile, RR of overweight and obesity was four to nine times higher: 4.25 in Peru (95 % CI 2.21-8.18) and 9.11 in Vietnam (95 % CI 1.07-77.42). CONCLUSIONS: The results provide important information for childhood obesity prevention in countries moving ahead with economic, epidemiological and nutritional transitions.
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Allen, Suzanne. "Psychosocial Concerns and Childhood Overweight in Pediatric Primary Care Clinics Serving Rural Appalachia". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1882.

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Objective: To examine the prevalence of psychosocial concerns presenting in 3 pediatric primary care clinics serving rural Appalachia. The association between pediatric weight status and psychosocial concerns was examined. Methods: Caregivers of children presenting in one of 3 pediatric primary care facilities completed a demographic questionnaire and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist. Results: Approximately 21.4% of children were identified as having a clinically significant behavioral health concern. Among children with available weight status data, ~53% of the children were identified as overweight. Children identified having significant behavioral concerns were more likely to have a lower weight status than those with nonsignificant behavioral concerns. Specifically, children with lower z-BMI tended to have more attention problems. Conclusions: Psychosocial concerns and childhood overweight are prevalent concerns in pediatric primary care serving rural residents. Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between weight status and psychosocial concerns to development more effective prevention and intervention programs.

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30

Nnyanzi, Lawrence A. "The National Child Measurement Programme : its value and impact". Thesis, Teesside University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10149/301632.

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Rising rates of obesity among children have become one of the most pressing issues in modern public health. Childhood obesity threatens both the mental and physical well-being of children. Attempts to halt the rise in obesity take many forms, but one of them is the recent implementation of a programme of measurement of primary children at reception and in year 6, with results being fed back to parents. This National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) is controversial and has been criticised in some quarters as unethical, in being a form of screening programme with no clear or effective interventions available for those detected as having a problem. Study aims and objectives The main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between weight status and children’s mental wellbeing, especially in the context of the NCMP. Within this overall aim, key specific objectives of the study were: i) to investigate the association between weight status of 10-11 year old school children and their mental well-being; ii) to assess the impact on the mental wellbeing of children, of participating in the NCMP; and iii) to collect information about parents’/guardians’ and children’s reaction to the NCMP, with particular interest in identifying whether parents/guardians and their children found the feedback useful in moving towards the adoption of a healthy lifestyle. Methods The study was undertaken in primary schools in the catchment area of Gateshead Primary Care Trust (PCT). The overall study used a mixed methods study design. The study involved administering a questionnaire prior to NCMP measurement to a total sample of 264 children, sampled using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were also conducted post measurement with 21 children purposively sub-sampled from the larger group, and with 16 parents/guardians. Results Prior to measurement, most children misclassified their weight status. About 1 in 10 children who were of ideal weight perceived themselves as overweight. Over three quarters of overweight children perceived themselves to be of ideal weight. There was no significant relationship between any of the indicators of mental wellbeing and actual weight status of children. However, there was very strong evidence for a Preface xxv significant relationship between perceived weight status and mental wellbeing among children. Seven major themes emerged from the post measurement interview data, but perhaps the most intriguing was the cycle of emotional reaction of families to the NCMP and weight feedback. Discussion The reactions of parents/guardians whose children are indicated to have weight problems follow a sequence of behaviours ranging from shock, disgust with the programme, through denial and self-blame to acceptance, worry and help seeking. Reasons for these responses relate in many cases to the way the weight problem is portrayed to the parents. While health authorities are keen to portray this problem as a medical one, parents/guardians see it as social one. The roots of overeating and lack of exercise are seen as lying in the complex social and cultural milieu in which this sample of people live. Consequently, associating this problem in feedback letters with dangerous diseases like cancer, and advising parents to visit GPs to resolve child weight issues, seems inappropriate to the recipients and causes controversy and anger. Conclusion The NCMP’s routine feedback could potentially induce families into the state of readiness to change lifestyle behaviours; however, given the reactions described in this study, it seems critical to avoid placing blame on individuals but rather to acknowledge the influence of the environment surrounding families and to provide non-medical support aimed at bringing families on board to support interventions for combating child weight problems.

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Perry, Catherine Anne. "A mixed methods study of the early development of childhood overweight and obesity : understanding the process of infant feeding". Thesis, University of Chester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/314712.

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Prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased in adult and child populations during the last two to three decades in both developed and developing countries. Childhood obesity is common in the United Kingdom and has become a major public health issue. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that the development of overweight and obesity in children has its roots in early life, with evidence of increasing weight over time in pre-school children. The study explored the early development of overweight in infants in Halton, an area of Northwest England. It was a mixed methods study comprising a quantitative analysis of routinely collected infant weight data and a longitudinal qualitative study of the process of weaning. Phase one - patterns of weight in Halton infants: The retrospective quantitative study utilised birthweight, and weight and length/height at eight weeks, eight months and 40 months of age from Halton infants born between 1994 and 2006 (16,328 singleton births). Analysis of these data provided further evidence of the early development of overweight, and highlighted patterns of infant overweight at eight months of age not previously reported. Phase two - longitudinal qualitative study of the process of weaning: Given the findings of phase one, factors that may influence early weight gain were considered. Therefore, the second phase focussed upon weaning, which has been little researched in terms of the way in which mothers manage the process. The aim was to explore weaning as a social process, focussing on the experience, knowledge, perceptions and actions of mothers as they weaned, in order to consider whether this could shed light on infant growth and development in general and the early development of overweight in particular. A grounded theory approach was utilised. Twenty one women were recruited and interviewed antenatally and then up to three times after their babies were born. A total of 67 interviews took place. A grounded theory, or ‘plausible account’, of the weaning process was developed. The centrality of the baby, and the way in which mothers talk about following the lead of the baby as they wean was highlighted, along with the ways in which this focus may falter or shift because of the complexity of influences on mothers’ lives. The primacy of embodied knowledge, that is the knowledge that mothers built up through the experience of feeding and weaning their infant, and the significance of being a mother in terms of being an ‘authority’ on feeding and weaning, were evident. In addition, the limitations of providing information, such as the feeding and weaning guidelines, without taking account of the individual mother, infant and their context was indicated. This is how some mistrust of the advice of health professionals, and possibly other ‘health messages’ emerged, as mothers did not see the advice as appropriate to them, their infant, or circumstances. Mothers did recognise babies as ‘bigger’ or ‘smaller’, but through valuing weight and weight gain were particularly aware of having small babies, which may have limited their capacity for recognising the significance of early signs of overweight in their infants. Final conclusions: Using mixed methods in this study allowed a broad picture of patterns of weight and overweight in Halton infants, and what some of the contributory factors to those patterns might be, to emerge, than if a single research method had been used. A number of implications for policy and practice: at an individual level in terms of the way in which women are supported to feed and wean their babies; and at a population level in terms of the monitoring of weight, were identified.

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Hall, Karen. "The effects of being perceived as overweight on children's social relationships : what do young people and teachers think about 'the overweight child'?" Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3873.

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Study One aimed to provide a current understanding of pupils’ attitudes towards people who are overweight and the prevalence and significance of weight-based unkindness in school. Methods: The study followed a mixed method, sequential qualitative and quantitative research design. Part One of the study used exploratory focus groups to ascertain that weight-based unkindness was a valid concern for children and young people, when compared against unkindness of other content. The focus group also ensured that the vignettes used in the survey (Part Two) were ecologically valid. Part Two included an existing measure of weight-stigma (attitude scale) and three sets of vignette-based questions to measure pupils’ perceptions of the frequency and severity of different incidents of unkindness. Part Two, was administered to 214 participants via a computerised survey. Results: The majority of pupils (61%) judged the overweight characters to be the least accepted. Participants also perceived significantly greater hurt, anger, embarrassment and humour to follow episodes of weight-based unkindness. Study Two aimed to better understand why, how and what is ‘different’ about pupils’ understanding of weight-based unkindness when compared to other types of unkindness. Methods: This study adopted an explorative approach to hear the lived experiences of six teachers and 29 children in two South West Primary Schools. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews, administered through focus groups (pupils) and paired interviews (teachers). Data was analysed using latent thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Results: The study found that pupils used the language of personal choice to attribute personal responsibility to overweight CYP, whilst teachers attributed this blame to their parents. Teachers espoused acceptance for the overweight whilst their behaviours implicitly reinforced the ‘thin-ideal’. Key findings are discussed from a theoretical perspective and their implication for supporting attitude change is highlighted.

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Haynes, Magret C. "Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 5 to 6 years exposed to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus complicated pregnancies in the Western Cape, South Africa". Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29982.

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Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has been linked with later metabolic abnormalities in offspring due to subsequent overweight and obesity. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a paucity of data on the outcomes of children exposed to GDM in utero. Aims: The primary aim of this sub-study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 5 and 6-year-old children from GDM complicated pregnancies and macrosomia at birth in the same cohort. The secondary aim was to identify risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in these 5 and 6-year-old children. Outcome measures: The main outcome was the prevalence of overweight and obesity in these children as measured by their age-specific body mass index (BMI) and Z-scores. Additionally, the association between other risk factors, overweight and obesity was investigated. Methods: A cross-sectional sub-study design was employed nested within a larger study that is investigating the progression to type 2 diabetes in women managed for GDM during 2010 and 2011. Mothers who participated in the larger study were informed about the sub-study and invited to allow their children to participate in the sub-study. Written informed consent was obtained from the mothers for the sub-study. The following data were collected: anthropometric data at birth and pregnancy related information from the mothers’ hospital record, additional demographic, social and medical information by questionnaire from the mother and at the research center. In addition, the children were weighed and had their height measured using standardized methods. Anthropometry was standardized using WHO standards. Risk factors for overweight and obesity were tested using a BMI>1 Z-score cut-off, (as a binary variable) in a manual multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The sub-study recruited 176 participants; 78 boys (44.3%) and 98 girls (55.7%). The mean (SD) Z-scores for the children’s anthropometry at ages 5 to 6 years were 0.28 (1.40) for weight, 0.01 (1.07) for height and 0.37 (1.63) for BMI. The overall prevalence of macrosomia at birth (birth weight>4000 gm) was 12.3 % (95% CI 8.2-9.1). The overall prevalence of overweight in the 5 and 6-year-old children was 13.4% (95% CI 8.6-20.4), while the prevalence of obesity was 14.2% (95% CI 9.2-21.2). The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 27.6% (95% CI 20.6-35.9). The prevalence of macrosomia (P=0.53) or overweight/obesity proportions (P=0.37) at ages 5 to 6 years did not differ by gender. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with the risk of overweight and obesity were: mothers’ oral glucose tolerance test 2-hour blood glucose level during pregnancy (AOR=2.06, 95% CI 1.14-3.74, P=0.02), birth weight (AOR=1.00, 95% CI 1.00-1.00, P=0.01), child’s age in years (AOR=0.03, 95% CI 0.002-0.29, P=0.004) and number of adults in the house (AOR=0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.86, P=0.02). Conclusion: This is the first study to report the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children born from GDM complicated pregnancies, in the Western Cape, South Africa. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity found in 5 and 6-year-old children exposed to GDM in the Western Cape is higher than overweight and obesity in children reported in other South African studies. This can imply a higher tendency towards overweight and obesity in children exposed to GDM which needs further exploration.

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Thompson, Jennifer. "Developing a Comprehensive Youth Obesity Initiative for the State of Virginia". VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1987.

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The 2009 Virginia General Assembly Session unanimously voted to change the legislation governing the Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation to create the Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth (VFHY) and incorporate childhood overweight and obesity prevention and reduction in its mission. In order to successfully meet the requirements of this legislation, VFHY needed assistance developing a strategic plan for the obesity initiative and a knowledge base to draw from. A comprehensive assessment of the status of Virginia’s childhood obesity problem was conducted, including the prevalence of the illness, the barriers existing to and the benefits to obesity prevention programs, the need for obesity prevention programs, and the desired route to developing a plan for action. Prior to this assessment, no clear picture of the complexity of Virginia’s childhood obesity problem existed outside of the facts: Virginia ranks 25th in the country for percentage of overweight or obese children; one-third of new obesity diagnoses in Virginia each year occur in children; Virginia’s African American population (19%) is significantly higher than the national average (12%); and research shows that African American children and adolescents have a higher rate and risk of overweight or obesity and a need for exposure to obesity-prevention programs. Research from respected and peer-reviewed sources on childhood overweight and obesity was conducted and the data compiled. This information was utilized to develop a new website for VFHY, provide education to the staff, and to develop a survey for the Board of Directors to guide strategic plan development. An assessment of the state of Virginia’s problem with childhood overweight and obesity was conducted from this research and a closer look was taken at the needs of Virginia’s public schools. Education on the benefits of implementing childhood obesity prevention and reduction programs was conducted via presentations at Board meetings and obesity workgroup meetings, as well as one-on-one to the VFHY staff. Finally, materials were developed to promote VYOP and its mission to consumers. The assessment of Virginia’s childhood overweight and obesity problem resulted in: increased VFHY staff competence regarding the issue and confidence in combating it; location of potential funding streams; a centralization of childhood overweight and obesity reduction and prevention efforts for Virginia; and the utilization of supplemental programs and street marketing to implement change in Virginia’s children and youth regarding factors surrounding overweight and obesity. VYOP is examining marketing approaches that would be successful for obesity reduction and prevention and is actively determining partners for their efforts who can impact economic development initiatives that will positively change behaviors. The combination of the ecological perspective and the social marketing theory to develop communication strategies and a strategic plan will help Virginia to decrease childhood overweight and obesity due to the multi-factorial nature of the problem. The strategies will take time to implement, and will be constantly evaluated and revised to best fit the needs of Virginia’s children and youth, but with patience and perseverance, VFHY will be as successful with its obesity prevention and reduction efforts as it has been with those targeting youth tobacco use.

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Nunez-Gaunaurd, Annabel. "Comparison of Impairments, Activity Limitations, Physical Activity, and Self-Efficacy among Healthy Weight, Overweight and Obese Minority Middle School Children". Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/699.

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The feasibility and outcomes of a 12-week extracurricular family-based intervention led by physical therapists that was designed to increase physical activity (PA) in three Hispanic male middle-school children was examined. This intervention has limited feasibility and may increase physical activity levels for overweight Hispanic middle school children. In a second study, differences in motor proficiency, strength, endurance, and PA among healthy weight, overweight and obese children were examined, and correlations between BMI and physical impairments were explored. Obese children demonstrated impairments in motor proficiency, strength, and endurance when compared to healthy weight children. Among overweight children, higher BMI was associated with more physical impairments. Overweight children were less physically active than healthy weight children. A high proportion of children were not meeting daily step recommendations to maintain a healthy weight. Girls were less active than boys at this crucial stage of development. The findings of this study have important clinical relevance for physical therapists, who are uniquely qualified to assess these identified impairments and activity limitations that may limit a child’s ability to engage in greater levels of physical activity. This information lends support to the role of the physical therapist in addressing current public health recommendations related to the childhood obesity.

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Warner, Julie Anne. "An Outcome and Follow-up Evaluation of ‘Food Fit’: A Theory Based Childhood Overweight Prevention Curriculum". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243963290.

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Preston, Emma. "Prevalence, perceptions and potential interventions : a mixed methods investigation of childhood overweight and obesity among a pro-poor cohort in Peru". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:964868a8-f14c-4246-bbbc-7695d85dc8e5.

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Over the past 20 years there has been a clear shift in Peru’s mortality profile towards non-communicable diseases. As part of this transition, childhood overweight and obesity (O&O) has become a growing public health concern. In order to address this challenge, context-specific information is needed concerning prevalence, associated factors and culturally appropriate interventions. To this end, I conducted a mixed methods study using a socio-ecological framework to investigate childhood overweight and obesity in Peru. This study found a prevalence of 19.2% overweight and 8.6% obesity among children aged seven to eight in a pro-poor cohort in Peru. Factors associated with being overweight in this cohort included: a high socioeconomic status, living in metropolitan Lima, an O&O mother, being male and being an only child or having only one sibling. The quantitative analysis highlighted the prevalence in O&O in this population and revealed a number of relationships explored in more depth via interviews and focus group discussions. The qualitative component of this research explored these associations amongst a sub-sample of children, parents and teachers in three distinct geographical regions in Peru. My qualitative research showed that parents, teachers and children are aware of the health implications of childhood overweight and obesity and that they have a sophisticated understanding of the many factors that influence its aetiology. Participants also had many suggestions for ways to address this issue in their community. This information was complemented by a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence of childhood O&O interventions that took place in Latin America published between 1990 and 2011. A combination of diet, physical activity and pharmaceutical strategies have shown modest effect on BMI reduction in O&O children, but more evidence is needed for effective population-level prevention strategies. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive, multi-level interventions. Notable intervention components include: kiosco reform, junk food taxation, creation of recreational space and enhancement of school-based physical activity programmes. To accomplish this, communities need to be mobilised and work together with school administration, municipal and national government.

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Wang, Liang. "Effects of Maternal Depression on Childhood Overweight and Obesity: Findings from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1307.

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Overweight and obesity among children and youth in the United States is a serious public health concern. The longitudinal relationships between maternal depression and childhood overweight and obesity were examined using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD). A national cohort of 1,384 children was followed from birth to adolescence and longitudinal data collected on multiple variables, including child weight and height, maternal depression, maternal influence, and family context. Maternal Depression was assessed by the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and defined as a score of 16 or greater. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the recommended BMI age- and sex-specific percentiles. Maternal depression was assessed when the child was 1 month old, 36 months, and in grade 1. Overweight and obesity status was assessed at 36 months, grade 1, grade 3, and grade 6. The effect of changes or persistence in the pattern of maternal depression for different childhood age points on the development of childhood overweight and obesity was evaluated. A variety of statistical methods were used including t-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and generalized estimation equation (GEE). Results: After adjustment for confounding, compared with mothers with no depression at child's age of 1 month, 36 months, and in grade 1, mothers with depression at 1 or 2 of those time points had a 45% higher risk for childhood overweight and obesity at grade 3 (OR= 1.45, 95% CI= 1.01-2.07). For mothers with depression at all 3 time points, there was an even greater increase in risk at grade 3 (OR= 2.25, 95% CI= 1.05-4.84) and grade 6 (OR= 3.36, 95% CI= 1.46-7.77). Conclusion: Maternal depression is associated with childhood overweight and obesity. Child overweight and obesity intervention efforts may benefit from identifying strategies to improve maternal mental health status, including depression.

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Dias, Ana Maria Guégués da Silva. "O papel da família nos factores de risco da obesidade infantil: o caso particular de Évora". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15800.

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A obesidade é o distúrbio crónico mais frequente nas sociedades industrializadas e o seu impacto, em termos de morbilidade e mortalidade é evidente não só a nível individual mas também nas populações em geral e na economia da saúde. É reconhecido e aceite o aumento do risco das crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso e obesidade se tornarem adultos obesos. A obesidade é uma doença que apresenta características multifactoriais e o seu estudo implica análise de aspetos que vão além da dimensão biológica, compreendendo elementos históricos, psicológicos, sociais, culturais e políticos. A partir de uma pergunta de partida que equaciona os fatores de risco para a obesidade infantil na região de Évora este estudo, descritivo e exploratório, procura de uma forma mais específica conhecer os principais fatores que influenciam o excesso de peso e a obesidade das crianças seguidas na consulta de obesidade infantil de Évora. ***/Abstract - Obesity has emerged as the most frequent chronic condition in industrialized society. It has a significant impact regarding morbidity and mortality, not only individually but also as a public health issue impacting significantly in health costs. lt is widely acknowledged the risk of children to become obese adults. Obesity is a condition with multiple factors, as such; its study implies evaluation of different aspects beyond the biological dimension, regarding historical, social, psychological, cultural and political issues. Our goal is to evaluate the risk factors for child obesity in Evora's district. This descriptive and exploratory study attempts, to recognize the main factors that contribute to overweight and obesity in children followed in the outpatient obesity department of Évora.

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Williams, D. Pauline. "The Effectiveness of a Structured, Long-Term, Multi-Component, Family-Based Weight Management Program in Reducing Body Mass Index Z-Scores and Improving Lifestyle Habits in Overweight /Obese Children and Adolescents". DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/921.

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Few studies have evaluated structured, long-term, family-based, weight management programs in children. This study’s purpose was to determine if completion of such a program resulted in reduced body mass index (BMI) z-scores and improved lifestyle habits. An observational study overtime from 2008-2010 was conducted with 89overweight/obese children. Subjects were divided into two groups, compliers (completed ≥ 7 intervention classes) and non-compliers (completed <7 intervention>classes.) The LiVe program, a 12-month structured, multi-component, family-based program, served as the study intervention. Anthropometric measurements and a written survey on lifestyle habits were used to obtain changes over 12 months in anthropometric, nutrition, activity, and behavior habits for subjects. Descriptive statistics, chi square, analysis of co-variance, and a mixed modellogistic regression were used to determine anthropometric and lifestyle habits changeover time as well as differences between age, gender, and compliance groups. Nodemographic differences were seen between compliance groups. Compliers had asignificant decrease in BMI z-score (-0.1903 p=.0004) and BMI percentile (-2.02p=.0235) over time. Compliers had a higher probability of meeting vegetable intake (pre 0.31%, post 55.67%; p=<.0001), and physical activity guidelines (pre 13.58%, post 56.58%; p=.0032) post intervention. Males were more likely than females to meet the physical activity guideline (p=.0007). Both compliers and non-compliers had a higher probability of meeting fruit (p=.0015) and sugar-sweetened beverage intake guidelines (p=.0337) at 12 months. No significant differences in age and gender were seen for changes in anthropometric or lifestyle habits except as noted above. Long-term, family-based, structured weight management programs are effectivein reducing BMI z-scores and improving lifestyle habits in children. Continueddevelopment and evaluation of these programs is warranted to address childhood obesity treatment methods.

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Polonsky, Heather. "Effects of a Breakfast in the Classroom Initiative on Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Low-Income, Ethnically Diverse Youth: A Randomized Control Trial". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/442403.

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Epidemiology
M.S.
Background: School districts across the country have adopted breakfast in the classroom (BIC) initiatives as a means of increasing participation in the School Breakfast Program (SBP). Little is known regarding the impact of such programs on children’s weight status. This study sought to evaluate the impact of a BIC initiative on the combined incidence of overweight/obesity among urban school aged children. Design: Cluster-randomized controlled trial with matched school pairs. Intervention schools received the “One Healthy Breakfast” program included BIC, nutrition-education, social marketing, corner store marketing, and parent outreach, while control schools continued to serve breakfast in the cafeteria Baseline data were collected in October-December, 2013, with midpoint and endpoint data collected in May-June 2015 and May-June 2016 respectively. Schools were matched based on school size, food service type, and racial/ethnic composition. Setting/Participants: 1371 4th-6th grade studen
Temple University--Theses

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Adom, Theodosia. "Individual and environmental factors associated with overweight among children in primary schools in Ghana". University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7219.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Background Overweight/obesity is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some cancers. Obesity in childhood is known to predict later obesity in adolescence and adulthood. Understanding the factors associated with overweight/obesity among children may present an opportunity for timely and appropriate interventions in the African setting. Aims 1. To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated factors among school children aged 8 - 11 years in primary schools in Adentan Municipality, Ghana. 2. To review the available literature on childhood obesity in the African context to provide evidence to support the design and improvement of appropriate school-based interventions for the prevention and control of overweight/obesity among African learners. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study design which was conducted in two phases. In Phase I, the available literature on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among learners, school-based interventions to promote healthy nutrition and physical activity (PA), and weight status, and key policy interventions at the national levels to provide supportive environments in the African context was reviewed and synthesised. In Phase II, interviews were conducted to collect individual and family data from 543 learners in 14 schools to assess family socio-demographics characteristics, dietary, PA, and sedentary behaviours, and sleep duration. Body weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Data on perceived school neighbourhood/ community, school food, and PA environments were collected from school heads/administrators. A sub-sample of 183 children participated in the assessment of body fat using the deuterium dilution method. Multivariable and logistic regressions, multilevel logistic regressions, and multilevel linear regression models were used to examine the associations among child, family, and school level explanatory variables, and overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and body mass index (BMI). Results The reviews revealed the following: (i) The pooled overweight and obesity estimates across Africa were: (10.5% 95% CI: 7.1-14.3) and 6.1% (3.4-9.7) by World Health Organization; 9.5% (6.5-13.0) and 4.0% (2.5-5.9) by International Obesity Task Force; and 11.5% (9.6-13.4) and 6.9% (5.0-9.0) by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively and differed for overweight (p=0.0027) and obesity (p<0.0001) by the criteria. The estimates were mostly higher in urban, and private schools, but generally similar by gender, major geographic regions, publication year, and sample size; (ii) Although inconsistent, school-based interventions broadly improved weight status and some energy-balance related health behaviours of African learners; (iii) On applying the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework, key interventions on unhealthy diets and physical inactivity targeted the school, family and community settings, and macro environments, and broadly aligned with global recommendations. In the school-based study, 16.4% of Ghanaian learners were overweight (9.2%) or obese (7.2%), with the prevalence being significantly higher in children from middle- to high socio-economic status (SES) households, and private schools. In multivariable regression models, attending private school (AOR = 2.44, 1.39–4.29) and excessive television viewing (AOR = 1.72, 1.05–2.82) significantly increased the likelihood of overweight/obesity, whereas adequate sleep (AOR = 0.53, 0.31–0.88), and active transport to and from school (AOR = 0.51, 0.31 – 0.82) decreased the odds. Using deuterium-derived percent body fat as criterion method, the published BMI criteria was found to be highly specific but with moderate sensitivity for diagnosing obesity among Ghanaian children. Moreover, the BMI-for-age z-scores that optimise sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for obesity were lower than the published cut-off points. Multilevel logistic and linear regression analyses revealed that the school contextual level contributed 30.0%, 20.6% and 19.7% of the total variance observed in overweight (including obesity), abdominal obesity, and BMI respectively. Availability of school cafeteria (β = 1.83, p = 0.017) and shops (β = 2.34, p = 0.001), healthy foods (β = 0.77, p = 0.046), less healthy foods (β = 0.38, p = 0.048), child age (β = 0.40, p = 0.008), school-level SES (β = 1.02, p < 0.0001), private school attendance (β = -1.80, p = 0.006), and after-school recreational facilities (β = 0.89, p < 0.0001) were all associated with BMI. In the mutually adjusted models for all significant predictors, school-level SES, healthy foods, after-school recreational facilities, and PA facility index remained significant predictors of overweight and or abdominal obesity. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight/obesity is significantly higher in urban children attending private or high SES schools, regardless of criteria used to define obesity. A number of individual, family, and school-level factors significantly predicted weight status of school children in Ghana. Given that many African governments have initiated policy interventions aiming to provide supportive environments for healthy choices, it is recommended that resources are made readily available for the implementation of these interventions across the home, school and community.

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43

Ekström, Johanna y Marie Karttunen. "Skolsköterskors roll i arbetet med överviktiga barn i låg- och mellanstadiet". Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-252.

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Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva hur skolsköterskor upplever problematiken kring övervikt/fetma hos barn i låg- och mellanstadiet och att undersöka vilka strategier skolsköterskorna har för att förebygga/hjälpa dessa barn. Ännu ett syfte med studien var att undersöka hur skolsköterskorna ser på samarbetet med föräldrar, lärare och andra skolsköterskor i detta problem. Metoden var att intervjua sju skolsköterskor på låg- och mellanstadiet i två kommuner i Mellansverige. Intervjuerna spelades in på band och transkriberades ordagrant. Meningsbärande enheter plockades ut och materialet kategoriserades och resulterade i tre huvudkategorier och tio subkategorier. Resultatet visade att de sju intervjuade skolsköterskorna ansåg att det är ett problem med övervikt/fetma hos skolbarn. Skolsköterskorna hade inte några särskilda strategier för att förebygga övervikt/fetma och riktlinjerna från skolhälsovården är oklara, men fyra av skolsköterskorna höll på att arbeta fram en förebyggande strategi på egen hand. Alla skolsköterskor hade mer eller mindre en strategi för att hjälpa överviktiga/feta skolbarn genom att prata kost och motion på hälsosamtalen. Fyra av skolsköterskorna hade arbetat fram eget material. Materialet användes sedan för att hjälpa barnen att få ett annat tankesätt och en förändrad livsstil. Alla sju skolsköterskor ansåg att ett fungerande samarbete med föräldrar, lärare och andra skolsköterskor underlättar arbetet med de överviktiga barnen.

The aim of the existing study was to describe how school nurses experience the complex of problems about obesity among primary school and middle school children, also to examine which strategies school nurses use to prevent/help these children. Amongst other aims, this study examines how school nurses experience cooperation with parents, teachers and other school nurses within this area. The method used was to interview seven school nurses in primary school and middle school from two school regions in the middle of Sweden. The interviews were recorded on tape and transcribed in verbatim. Sense bearing units were picked out and the material was categorized, which resulted in three main categories with ten subcategorise. The results showed that the seven interviewed school nurses considered that there is a problem with obesity in school children. The school nurses didn’t have any specific strategies to prevent obesity and the guidelines from the school health board were indistinctive, but four of the school nurses were working on preventive strategies on their own hand. All of the school nurses more or less had a strategy for helping obese school children, by meens of talking about nutrition and fysical exercise in health sessions. Four of the school nurses had created their own material. The material was then used to help the children with another way of thinking and change in lifestyle. All seven school nurses considered that a working cooperation with parents, teachers and other school nurses facilitated the work with the obese children.

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Roockley, Claire Ellen. "A Mixed Methods Obesity Prevention Intervention For Australian Children Aged 6-12 Years: Influence Of Parents Misperceptions About Food And Exercise On The Efficacy Of Educational Obesity Simulations". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1419.

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Increasing numbers of Australian children are being classified as overweight or obese. Given the health complications associated with excess weight, interventions to prevent children becoming overweight are crucial. Despite literature showing that parents shape their children’s food and exercise habits, no child obesity prevention programs have directly targeted parents. Moreover, although fear appeals have been used across several health promotion areas to change attitudes and behaviours, they have not been incorporated into an obesity preventive program. This study addressed these gaps by testing whether fear-based obesity simulations, targeted at parents as a tool for preventing childhood obesity, was more effective than an educational obesity message. The study was designed in two stages, with the first piloting the effectiveness of the simulations and an obesity message on a small sample of parents. Stage 2 tested a larger sample of parents and incorporated modifications from the pilot. In Stage 1, nine parents were randomly assigned to a Simulation or Education Presentation. Parents completed interviews and questionnaires at three different time points over a week. SPANOVAs revealed no significant improvements in attitudes, intentions, motivations, fears, and knowledge about obesity prevention for the Simulation compared to the Education Presentation. This contrasted to interview findings which indicated that parents found the Simulation Presentation more effective and changed their attitudes and behaviours compared to the Education Presentation. These findings highlighted important outcomes and informed the development of Stage 2. A qualitative approach was more effective in eliciting parental responses to their presentation; the education information may have been “too effective” and masked any impact of the simulations; and potential limitations regarding the insensitivity of the Likert scale, used to measure changes in parent responses to the questionnaire, may have mitigated any significant effects being found. The purpose of Stage 2 was to explore any impact of the simulations only through in depth parent interviews, and to use objective pedometer, food and anthropometric measures to triangulate and enhance the interview findings. Twenty four different parents were assigned to a photo or non-photo group. Parents and children completed interviews, anthropometric measurements, food records, and pedometer counts at three time points over eight weeks. Quantitative analyses found no significant improvements in children’s pedometer scores, food intake, and achievement of activity and diet recommendations, or in parent intention to change their children’s eating and exercise habits for the photo compared to the non-photo group. Many children failed to meet daily food and activity guidelines by the end of the study. This contrasts markedly to interview findings stating that: parents made improvements to their children’s diet and exercise patterns and, for parents who didn’t make changes, this was attributed to perceptions that they were already doing the right thing for their children. This disparity in results revealed an important yet underexplored issue for interventions targeting weight-related lifestyle changes. This focuses on levels of parental awareness about their children’s dietary adequacy and activity levels, and bridging the gap between what one perceives they are doing versus the reality of what is actually happening. This discrepancy may have mitigated any impact of the simulations through a false sense of adequacy and parent risk levels toward their children developing obesity.

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45

Capawana, Michael R. "The Academic Achievement and Thriving of Overweight Children from High-Poverty Urban Schools within an Optimized Student Support Intervention: Moderating Effects of Psychosocial and Familial Strengths and Needs". Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106724.

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Thesis advisor: Mary E. Walsh
Childhood obesity is a pervasive health issue in the United States. Research has demonstrated that various correlates are associated with the onset and maintenance of overweight status, including physical health conditions, psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, family functioning, and educational attainment. Policymakers and educators have agreed that elementary and secondary schools are crucial settings for the promotion of healthy development and ameliorating obesity. Therefore, comprehensive school-based interventions that collaborate with community agencies are being implemented to improve the achievement and well-being of at-risk students. The present study focused on City Connects, an optimized student support intervention grounded in relational developmental systems theory that functions in predominantly high-poverty urban locations. City Connects recognizes students as possessing unique constellations of protective and risk factors (i.e., strengths and needs), and an integral aspect of the intervention is that it connects students to tailored services to enhance strengths and address needs. The endeavor of the present study was to examine K-5 students that City Connects identified as manifesting with overweight issues via a holistic, collaborative assessment process, and how these students differed from peers not designated as overweight. Findings indicated statistically significant differences across the groups, in terms of demographic characteristics, overall level of perceived risk, strengths and needs recognized, school-related academic and thriving outcomes, and the influence of specific psychosocial and familial strengths and needs on those school outcomes. Specifically, students presenting with overweight concerns were more likely to be from lower socioeconomic backgrounds; have a high association with special education service needs; represent a more intensive overall risk level; manifest a diverse array of strengths and needs across academic, social-emotional/behavioral, family, and health/medical domains; and mostly exhibit poorer school performance. The effects of certain strengths and needs moderated school performance differences in several instances. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed, with recommendations for future research
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology

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46

Echevarría-Castro, Nataly, Andrea Matayoshi-Pérez y Germán F. Alvarado. "Association between Maternal Depressive Symptoms with Overweight/Obesity among Children Aged 0-5 Years According to the 2016 Demographic and Family Health Survey". Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655584.

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Background: Overweight and obesity among children under the age of 5 have become a public health problem. The worldwide prevalence is 4.9% and 6.0%, whereas in Peru it is 7.4% and 1.9%, respectively. The causes of these problems are multifactorial and must be studied to prevent the multiple consequences on children's health. Methods: Secondary data analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Family Health Survey (DHS). The sample size was 7935 children and their mothers. The dependent variable was childhood overweight/obesity, measured according to the Z-score of the BMI >2 standard deviation (SD), while the main independent variable consisted of the maternal depressive symptoms (DS) (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score >10 points). The software STATA/MP 14.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity among children aged 0-5 years was 4.5% and the prevalence of moderate and severe maternal DS was 7.1%. No maternal depressive symptoms were found to be associated with the outcome [adjusted PR = 1.36 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-3.09 p = 0.47]. An association was found between socioeconomic status (SES) Q3 (adjusted PR = 3.86 95% CI = 1.9-7.6 p < 0.0001), Q4 (adjusted PR = 5.53 95% CI = 2.76-11.1 p < 0.0001), Q5 (adjusted PR = 6.9 95% CI = 3.24-14.7 p = < 0.0001), maternal BMI (adjusted PR = 1.06 95% CI = 1.03-1.08 p < 0.0001), and cesarean delivery (adjusted PR = 1.42 95% CI = 1.01-1.99 p = 0.042). Conclusions: No association was found between maternal depressive symptoms and overweight/obesity among children aged 0-5 years. The upper SES quintiles, maternal BMI, and cesarean delivery were associated with the outcome.
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47

Guerreiro, Sara dos Santos Ferreira. "Obesidade infantil: o que as crianças sabem?: os meios de comunicação social como fontes de informação". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3031.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Comunicação Social
A obesidade é, actualmente, considerada uma doença crónica, que provoca ou acelera o desenvolvimento de muitas doenças e que causa a morte precoce. Existem vários elementos a ter em conta quando falamos de obesidade nomeadamente, o factor hereditário dos pais e familiares directos e o ambiente social e cultural onde se encontra inserido o indivíduo. Os meios de comunicação social, veículo de informação e de formação centrais, orientam as mais diversas formas de tratar o problema. Contudo, e ao mesmo tempo, estimulam tanto a venda de produtos alimentícios oferecidos pela indústria de consumo, como a definição de um padrão estético. Em certos segmentos da nossa sociedade impera ainda o pensamento de que a «gordura é formosura», inclusivamente nos grupos etários mais novos. Discriminadas pelos colegas na escola, muitas destas dessas crianças são incapazes de acompanhar as actividades escolares e sociais, bem como os jogos e as brincadeiras que exigem um maior esforço físico, isolando-se e refugiando-se das outras crianças. Portugal apresenta-se como o vice campeão europeu da obesidade infantil, parece-nos útil desenvolver um estudo académico no sentido de procurar saber se as crianças conhecem o problema e as principais consequências da obesidade infantil e através de que meios é que obtêm este tipo de informação.
The obesity is, now, considered a chronic disease, that provokes or it accelerates the development of a lot of diseases and that causes the premature death. Several elements have to be considered when we spoke about obesity, namely the parents' hereditary and the social and cultural environment where the individual is inserted. The social communication means, as central vehicles of information and formation, guide the most several forms of treating the problem. However, and at the same time, they stimulate the sale of consumer nutritious products so much offered by the light industry, and have as main concern the aesthetic and profits patterns. In certain segments of our society it still governs the thought that the «fat is beauty», at least for the newest ages. Discriminated by the their friends in the school, many of these children are unable to accompany the scholar and social activities, as well as the games and plays that demand a larger physical effort, and for that reason they feel isolated and they tend to refuge themselves from the other children. If Portugal is the European vice-champion of the infantile obesity, it’ll seem useful to develop an academic study on this problem in a concrete and deep way. So, we tried to know if the Portuguese children know the problem and the consequences of the infantile obesity and through that social communication means they obtain this sort of information.

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48

Schetzina, Karen E., William T. Dalton, Alicia Flannery, Nicole Holt, Meagan Aiken y Fred Tudiver. "Parent and Provider Perceptions of Use of the NIH We Can! Curriculum for Group Visits In Primary Care to Treat Child Overweight and Obesity". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5052.

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As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial of a parent-mediated approach to treating overweight and obese children ages 5-11 years in Southern Appalachia, feedback on use of the NIH We Can! curriculum for parent group visit sessions in primary care was obtained from parents and providers in two intervention clinics. Parents/caregivers of 28 children in two primary care clinics were randomized to the intervention group to participate in four on-site 1.5 hour group sessions held every other week during an 8-10 week period. Five primary care providers (PCPs) in the two clinics were trained to lead the group sessions using the NIH We Can! online training and an additional 1-hour face-to-face training conducted by the project team. The Project Coordinator and one project team clinician (Pediatrician, Pediatric Psychologist, or Registered Dietician (RD)) was present during each group visit to answer any questions about the study protocol, behavior (Pediatric Psychologist) or nutrition/eating (RD). The Project Coordinator or RD called each parent during the week following each group visit to discuss the family’s progress and answer questions. Written feedback surveys were completed by parents and focus groups were conducted with providers following the last group session. Provider focus groups were recorded and later transcribed and coded to indentify themes. Among 22 (79%) parents/caregivers who completed group sessions and a feedback survey, 91% agreed/strongly agreed that “this program was very useful to me as a parent.” In addition, 95% said that they would “recommend We Can! to a friend” citing benefiting from information received from healthcare providers and parents as well as the opportunity for “fellowship” with other parents. All five PCPs led at least 1 or 2 group sessions and participated in focus groups. Most PCPs agreed that the We Can! leader’s guide and training prepared them to lead the group sessions. All providers reported that preparation time to lead a session (15-90 minutes) was reasonable. On average, providers perceived the group sessions to be moderately effective in promoting healthier eating, physical activity, and reducing screen time in their patients. Some providers were interested in continuing to offer a monthly group session for long-term support. These findings suggest parent and healthcare provider acceptability of using NIH We Can! parent group sessions to treat child overweight in primary care.

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Serra, Payà Noemí. "Physical activity/physical exercise, sedentary behaviours and nutrition in children with overweight/obesity and their families. Nereu Programme". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285963.

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La tesi pretén analitzar la relació entre els hàbits d'activitat física/exercici físic, sedentarisme i alimentació en nens amb sobrepès/obesitat. En aquest sentit, s’han redactat 5 articles on s'han estudiat els hàbits actius, les conductes sedentàries i d'alimentació, la resposta a l'exercici físic agut al caminar a diferents pendents a nivell energètic. S'ha portat a terme una primera avaluació del Programa Nereu i finalment s’ha proposat l’avaluació de l'efectivitat del Programa Nereu, com a eina integral vinculada a la salut pública en l'àmbit de l'atenció pediàtrica per al tractament del sobrepès i l'obesitat infantil. En l’article 1.1 i 1.2, es va observar que practicar almenys 3 hores/setmana d’exercici físic es va associar amb menor prevalença de sobrepès i millor condició física. En l’article 2, a mateixes intensitats de treball a nivell energètic i de ventilació els valors eren superiors en els grups de nens/as amb obesitat en relació als de sobrepès. A l’article 3, els nens van augmentar el temps dedicat a activitats de moderada i alta intensitat i es va reduir l'IMC z-score i les conductes sedentàries. Finalment, s'ha proposat un protocol d'estudi com a proposta de futur.
La tesis pretende analizar la relación entre los hábitos de actividad física/ejercicio físico, sedentarismo y alimentación en niños con sobrepeso/obesidad. En este sentido, se han redactado 5 artículos donde se han estudiado los hábitos activos, las conductas sedentarias y de alimentación, la respuesta al ejercicio físico agudo al andar a diferentes pendientes a nivel energético. Se ha llevado a cabo una primera evaluación del Programa Nereu y finalmente se ha propuesto la evaluación de la efectividad del Programa Nereu, como herramienta integral vinculada a la salud pública en el ámbito de la atención pediátrica para el tratamiento del sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil. En el artículo 1.1 y 1.2, se observó que practicar al menos 3 horas/semana de ejercicio físico se asoció con menor prevalencia de sobrepeso y mejor condición física. En el artículo 2, a mismas intensidades de trabajo a nivel energético y ventilación los valores eran superiores en los grupos de niños/as con obesidad en relación a los de sobrepeso. En el artículo 3, los niños aumentaron el tiempo dedicado a actividades de moderada y alta intensidad y se redujo el IMC z-score y las conductas sedentarias. Finalmente, se ha propuesto un protocolo de estudio como propuesta de futuro.
The porpoise of the thesis was to analyze the relation between physical activity/exercise habits, sedentary behavior and foot intake in overweight/obesity children. In this sense, 5 articles have been written. Where, active habits, sedentary behavior or foot intake, the response to acute physical exercise in overweight and obese children when walking at different gradients at an energy expenditure level, an initial assessment of the Nereu Programme have been studied. Finally, a proposal has been put forward on the Nereu Programme as an integral tool linked to public health in the field of pediatric care in the treatment of childhood overweight and obesity. Article 1.1 and 1.2, practice at least 3 hours/week of physical activity was associated with lower prevalence of overweight and better physical condition. In Article 2, same intensities of work on an energetic and ventilation values were higher in the groups of obese children compared to overweight children. Article 3, children increased the time they spent in moderate and high intensity activities and in contrast, BMI z-scores and sedentary behaviors were reduced. Finally, a study protocol has been put forward as a proposal for the future.

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Bullett, Anna Yvette. "A Physical Activity Playgroup Intervention with 2-4 Year Old Children and their Parents to Increase Parent Awareness of Childhood Overweight Prevention in a Maine WIC Setting". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BullettAY2008.pdf.

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