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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Complexe vagal"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 12 de octubre de 2024

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Champeil-Potokar, G., O. Rampin, A. M. Davila, et al. "Plasticité gliale dans le complexe dorso-vagal en réponse à des régimes « gras-sucrés » de type occidental." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 35, no. 1 (2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2021.01.033.

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2

Caspar, V., T. Charleux, A. Beddok, et al. "Impact dosimétrique de la dose au complexe vagal dorsal et survenue de nausées en cours de radiothérapie." Cancer/Radiothérapie 25, no. 6-7 (2021): 734–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2021.07.018.

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3

Champeil-Potokar, G., L. Jaulin, M. S. Hjeij, A. Couvineau, A. Blais, and I. Denis. "Effets d’un régime gras-sucré (GS) et d’un traitement aux orexines A (OxA) sur la plasticité gliale dans le complexe dorso-vagal chez la souris." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 36, no. 1 (2022): S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2021.12.024.

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4

Okumura, T., I. L. Taylor, and T. N. Pappas. "Microinjection of TRH analogue into the dorsal vagal complex stimulates pancreatic secretion in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 269, no. 3 (1995): G328—G334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.269.3.g328.

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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion through the vagus nerve when injected into rat cerebrospinal fluid. However, little is known about the exact site of action of TRH in the brain to stimulate pancreatic secretion. Recent neuroimmunochemical and neurophysiological studies suggest that TRH could be a neurotransmitter in the dorsal vagal complex, which sends fibers to the pancreas through the vagus nerve. We therefore hypothesized that TRH may act centrally in the dorsal vagal complex to stimulate pancreatic exocrine secretion. To address this question, a

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5

Viard, Eddy, Zhongling Zheng, Shuxia Wan, and R. Alberto Travagli. "Vagally mediated, nonparacrine effects of cholecystokinin-8s on rat pancreatic exocrine secretion." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 293, no. 2 (2007): G493—G500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00118.2007.

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Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been proposed to act in a vagally dependent manner to increase pancreatic exocrine secretion via actions exclusively at peripheral vagal afferent fibers. Recent evidence, however, suggests the CCK-8s may also affect brain stem structures directly. We used an in vivo preparation with the aims of 1) investigating whether the actions of intraduodenal casein perfusion to increase pancreatic protein secretion also involved direct actions of CCK at the level of the brain stem and, if so, 2) determining whether, in the absence of vagal afferent inputs, CCK-8s applied to the

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6

Wang, Sheng-Zhi, Xiao-Dong Liu, Yu-Xin Huang, Qing-Jiu Ma, and Jing-Jie Wang. "Disruption of Glial Function Regulates the Effects of Electro-Acupuncture at Tsusanli on Gastric Activity in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 37, no. 04 (2009): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x09007132.

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According to recent evidence, acupuncture at Tsusanli (ST 36) can regulate gastric activity. And this regulation mainly depends upon neural basis or structure and may probably relate to the central neurons in the dorsal vagal complex. However, whether the glias of the dorsal vagal complex participate in the regulation of gastric activity, when electro-acupuncture (EA) at Tsusanli, still remains to be interpreted. In this study, we observed the effect of EA at Tsusanli (ST 36) on regulation of gastric activity. Propentofylline (PPF), a glial metabolic inhibitor, was used to inhibit the function

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7

Hornby, Pamela J. "II. Excitatory amino acid receptors in the brain-gut axis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 280, no. 6 (2001): G1055—G1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.6.g1055.

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In the last decade, there has been a dramatic increase in academic and pharmaceutical interest in central integration of vago-vagal reflexes controlling the gastrointestinal tract. Associated with this, there have been substantial efforts to determine the receptor-mediated events in the dorsal vagal complex that underlie the physiological responses to distension or variations in the composition of the gut contents. Strong evidence supports the idea that glutamate is a transmitter in afferent vagal fibers conveying information from the gut to the brain, and the implications of this are discusse

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8

Powley, Terry L. "Brain-gut communication: vagovagal reflexes interconnect the two “brains”." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 321, no. 5 (2021): G576—G587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2021.

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The gastrointestinal tract has its own “brain,” the enteric nervous system or ENS, that executes routine housekeeping functions of digestion. The dorsal vagal complex in the central nervous system (CNS) brainstem, however, organizes vagovagal reflexes and establishes interconnections between the entire neuroaxis of the CNS and the gut. Thus, the dorsal vagal complex links the “CNS brain” to the “ENS brain.” This brain-gut connectome provides reflex adjustments that optimize digestion and assimilation of nutrients and fluid. Vagovagal circuitry also generates the plasticity and adaptability nee

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9

Powley, Terry L., and Robert J. Phillips. "I. Morphology and topography of vagal afferents innervating the GI tract." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 283, no. 6 (2002): G1217—G1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00249.2002.

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An understanding of the events initiating vago-vagal reflexes requires knowledge of mechanisms of transduction by vagal afferents. Such information presumes an understanding of receptor morphology and location. Anatomic studies have recently characterized two types of vagal afferents, both putative mechanoreceptors distributed in gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle. These two receptors are highly specialized in that they 1) are morphologically distinct, 2) have different smooth muscle targets, 3) form complexes with dissimilar accessory cells, and 4) vary in their regional distributions throug

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10

Rusetsky, I. I. "0 trigemino-vagal reflex." Kazan medical journal 18, no. 2 (2021): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj79881.

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Reflexology is the most fruitful part of neurology. With the accumulation of data in this area and the establishment of new principles and laws, our knowledge about the functions of the brain deepens, starting with simple reflexes of the medullae spinalis (Marschal ) and ending with complex reflexes of the cerebral hemispheres (combined, inhibited reflexes).

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11

Chen, S. L., X. Y. Wu, Z. J. Cao, et al. "Subdiaphragmatic vagal afferent nerves modulate visceral pain." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 294, no. 6 (2008): G1441—G1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00588.2007.

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Activation of the vagal afferents by noxious gastrointestinal stimuli suggests that vagal afferents may play a complex role in visceral pain processes. The contribution of the vagus nerve to visceral pain remains unresolved. Previous studies reported that patients following chronic vagotomy have lower pain thresholds. The patient with irritable bowel syndrome has been shown alteration of vagal function. We hypothesize that vagal afferent nerves modulate visceral pain. Visceromotor responses (VMR) to graded colorectal distension (CRD) were recorded from the abdominal muscles in conscious rats.

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12

Chung, S. A., and N. E. Diamant. "Small intestinal motility in fasted and postprandial states: effect of transient vagosympathetic blockade." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 252, no. 3 (1987): G301—G308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1987.252.3.g301.

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We investigated vagal control of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) and postprandial pattern of the canine small intestine. Gastric and small intestinal motility were monitored in six conscious dogs. The vagosympathetic nerves, previously isolated in bilateral skin loops, were blocked by cooling. To feed, a meat-based liquid food was infused by tube into the gastric fundus. MMC phases I, II, III, and IV were observed in the fasted state. On feeding, the fed pattern appeared quickly in the proximal small bowel but was delayed distally. Vagal blockade abolished all gastric contractions and

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13

Ardell, J. L., and W. C. Randall. "Selective vagal innervation of sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes in canine heart." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 251, no. 4 (1986): H764—H773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1986.251.4.h764.

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Parasympathetic pathways mediating chronotropic and dromotropic responses to cervical vagal stimulation were determined from sequential, restricted, intrapericardial dissection around major cardiac vessels. Although right cervical vagal input evoked significantly greater bradycardia, supramaximal electrical stimulation of either vagus produced similar ventricular rates, both with and without simultaneous atrial pacing. Dissection of the triangular fat pad at the junction of the inferior vena cava-inferior left atrium (IVC-ILA) invariably eliminated all vagal input to the atrioventricular (AV)

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14

Figaro, Nicholas, Rickhi Ramoutar, David Richards, Rodolfo Arozarena, Mala Geelal, and Solaiman Juman. "Ancient cervical vagal schwannoma and an interposition great auricular to vagus nerve graft." Edorium Journal of Otolaryngology 5, no. 2 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/100011o04nf2021cr.

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Introduction: Schwannomas of the cervical vagus nerve are exceedingly rare and have a myriad of clinical presentations depending on the tumor size and its proximity to neurovascular structures. We report a rare case of a cervical vagal schwannoma that was successfully treated with en bloc resection and reconstruction with a great auricular to vagus nerve graft. Case Report: A 42-year-old male presented with an asymptomatic, right lateral neck mass. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion 2.4 cm × 1.4 cm × 4.0 cm in size, located between the carotid arteries and internal jugular vein displ

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15

Dusi, Veronica, and Gaetano Maria De Ferrari. "Vagal stimulation in heart failure." Herz 46, no. 6 (2021): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00059-021-05076-5.

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AbstractVagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has a strong pathophysiological rationale as a potentially beneficial treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Despite several promising preclinical studies and pilot clinical studies, the two large, controlled trials—NECTAR-HF and INOVATE-HF—failed to demonstrate the expected benefit. It is likely that clinical application of VNS in phase III studies was performed before a sufficient degree of understanding of the complex pathophysiology of autonomic electrical modulation had been achieved, therefore leading to an underestimation of its

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16

Hermiz, Joshua, Vivek Mittal, Kevin Raj, Umesh Bhagat, and Christian C. Toquica Gahona. "Complete Heart Block Induced by Hyperemesis: Integrating the Vagal Score to Guide Management and Avoid Invasive Interventions." British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research 12, no. 02 (2025): 54–57. https://doi.org/10.14738/bjhmr.122.18400.

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Complete heart block (CHB) represents the complete absence of atrioventricular (AV) conduction between the atria and ventricles, preventing the sinoatrial node from regulating heart rate and cardiac output through communication with the AV node. Although standard treatment involves permanent pacemaker implantation, it is crucial to identify reversible causes such as electrolyte imbalances or vagal-mediated mechanisms, as it may allow for alternative, non-invasive management. This case report discusses a rare instance of hyperemesis-induced CHB and utilizes the "vagal score" via ECG-based asses

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17

Hermiz, Joshua. "Complete Heart Block Induced by Hyperemesis: Integrating the Vagal Score to Guide Management and Avoid Invasive Interventions." British Journal of Healthcare & Medical Research 12, no. 02 (2025): 54–57. https://doi.org/10.14738/bjhr.1202.18400.

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Complete heart block (CHB) represents the complete absence of atrioventricular (AV) conduction between the atria and ventricles, preventing the sinoatrial node from regulating heart rate and cardiac output through communication with the AV node. Although standard treatment involves permanent pacemaker implantation, it is crucial to identify reversible causes such as electrolyte imbalances or vagal-mediated mechanisms, as it may allow for alternative, non-invasive management. This case report discusses a rare instance of hyperemesis-induced CHB and utilizes the "vagal score" via ECG-based asses

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18

Tan, Zhenjun, Ronald Fogel, Chunhui Jiang, and Xueguo Zhang. "Galanin Inhibits Gut-Related Vagal Neurons in Rats." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 5 (2004): 2330–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00869.2003.

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Galanin plays an important role in the regulation of food intake, energy balance, and body weight. Many galanin-positive fibers as well as galanin-positive neurons were seen in the dorsal vagal complex, suggesting that galanin produces its effects by actions involving vagal neurons. In the present experiment, we used tract-tracing and neurophysiological techniques to evaluate the origin of the galaninergic fibers and the effect of galanin on neurons in the dorsal vagal complex. Our results reveal that the nucleus of the solitary tract is the major source of the galanin terminals in the dorsal

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19

Krowicki, Z. K., A. Arimura, N. A. Nathan, and P. J. Hornby. "Hindbrain effects of PACAP on gastric motor function in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 272, no. 5 (1997): G1221—G1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1997.272.5.g1221.

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-like immunoreactive cell bodies and fibers are visualized in hindbrain nuclei that are involved in the regulation of autonomic function, yet little is known about the gastric and cardiovascular effects of this peptide in the dorsal vagal complex, nucleus raphe obscurus, and nucleus ambiguus. Therefore, multiple-barreled micropipettes were used to inject PACAP-38 (1-100 pmol) into each of these nuclei in alpha-chloralose anesthetized rats, while intragastric pressure, pyloric and greater curvature smooth muscle contractile activity, blo

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20

Rogers, R. C., D. M. McTigue, and G. E. Hermann. "Vagovagal reflex control of digestion: afferent modulation by neural and "endoneurocrine" factors." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 268, no. 1 (1995): G1—G10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.268.1.g1.

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Vagovagal reflex control circuits in the dorsal vagal complex of the brain stem provide overall coordination of gastric, small intestinal, and pancreatic digestive functions. The neural components forming these reflex circuits are under substantial descending neural control. By adjusting the excitability of the differing components of the reflex, significant alterations in digestion control can be produced by the central nervous system. Additionally, the dorsal vagal complex is situated within a circumventricular region without a "blood-brain barrier." As a result, vagovagal reflex circuitry i

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21

Kollai, M., G. Jokkel, I. Bonyhay, J. Tomcsanyi, and A. Naszlady. "Relation between baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac vagal tone in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, no. 1 (1994): H21—H27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.1.h21.

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The extent of dependence of cardiac vagal tone on arterial baroreceptor input has been studied in 12 healthy, young adult subjects. Cardiac vagal tone was defined as the chang in R-R interval after complete cholinergic blockade by atropine. Baroreflex sensitivity was determined with the "Oxford-method": R-R interval was regressed against systolic pressure. The interindividual correlation between cardiac vagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity for falling pressures was found to be significant, but not close (R = 0.81, P = 0.002). In each subject, the baroreflex regression line for falling pressur

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22

Martinmäki, Kaisu, Heikki Rusko, Libbe Kooistra, Joni Kettunen, and Sami Saalasti. "Intraindividual validation of heart rate variability indexes to measure vagal effects on hearts." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 2 (2006): H640—H647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00054.2005.

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Heart rate variability (HRV) has been widely used as a measure of vagal activation in physiological, psychological, and clinical examinations. We studied the within-subject quantitative relationship between HRV and vagal effects on the heart in different body postures during a gradually decreasing vagal blockade. Electrocardiogram and respiratory frequency were measured in subjects (8 endurance athletes and 10 participants of nonendurance sports) in supine, sitting, and standing postures before the blockade, under vagal blockade (atropine sulfate, 0.04 mg/kg), and four times during a 150-min r

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Li, Y., and C. Owyang. "Somatostatin inhibits pancreatic enzyme secretion at a central vagal site." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 265, no. 2 (1993): G251—G257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1993.265.2.g251.

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The mechanisms and site of action of somatostatin-induced inhibition of pancreatic enzyme secretion were investigated using different stimulants of pancreatic secretion acting on different sites in anesthetized rats. Administration of graded doses of somatostatin-14 resulted in a dose-related inhibition of pancreatic protein secretion evoked by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a central vagal stimulant that acts by stimulating the dorsal vagal nuclei. The lowest effective dose of somatostatin-14 was 1.0 microgram.kg-1 x h-1; maximal effective dose was 25 micrograms.kg-1 x h-1, which resulted in complete inh

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24

Chung, S. A., G. R. Greenberg, and N. E. Diamant. "Relationship of postprandial motilin, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide release to intestinal motility during vagal interruption." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 8 (1992): 1148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-159.

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Experiments were performed to determine how postprandial motilin, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide plasma concentrations measured during vagal blockade relate to coincident small intestinal motility patterns. Feeding produced a postprandial pattern of intestinal motility coincident with a sustained increase in gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide and a decline in motilin plasma concentrations. Vagal blockade replaced the fed pattern with one similar to migrating motor complex (MMC) activity. Highest motilin plasma concentrations were observed during phase III of this MMC-like activity, as occ

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25

McTigue, D. M., and R. C. Rogers. "Pancreatic polypeptide stimulates gastric acid secretion through a vagal mechanism in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 269, no. 5 (1995): R983—R987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1995.269.5.r983.

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The present study examined the effect of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) on gastric acid secretion. A 45-min infusion of PP was delivered into the jugular vein of urethan-anesthetized rats. Rat PP (100 pmol) significantly increased acid secretion over baseline; bilateral cervical vagotomy or peripheral atropine both eliminated this acid response. Neither intraperitoneal infusion nor close intra-arterial infusion of 100 pmol PP into the gastric circulation altered acid secretion. These results suggest that although PP requires intact vagal reflexes to stimulate acid output, it does not act on affer

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26

Salim, Aws S. "Surgery or chemoneurolysis for complete vagal denervation of rat stomach?" Digestive Diseases and Sciences 36, no. 8 (1991): 1074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01297449.

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27

Mazgalev, T., L. S. Dreifus, E. L. Michelson, and A. Pelleg. "Vagally induced hyperpolarization in atrioventricular node." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 251, no. 3 (1986): H631—H643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1986.251.3.h631.

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The effects of postganglionic vagal stimulation on atrioventricular nodal conduction were studied in 12 rabbit atrial-atrioventricular nodal preparations. Vagal stimulation was introduced in the sinus and atrioventricular nodes, separately or in combination, using single bursts of subthreshold stimuli. The sinus cycle length was scanned to identify the phasic effect of vagal stimulation. Action potentials from cells in the AN, N, and NH regions of the atrioventricular node were recorded by microelectrode techniques. Vagally induced hyperpolarization of cells in the atrioventricular node result

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Emch, Gregory S., Gerlinda E. Hermann та Richard C. Rogers. "TNF-α activates solitary nucleus neurons responsive to gastric distension". American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 279, № 3 (2000): G582—G586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.3.g582.

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Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is liberated as part of the immune response to antigenic challenge, carcinogenesis, and radiation therapy. Previous studies have implicated elevated circulating levels of this cytokine in the gastric hypomotility associated with these disease states. Our earlier studies suggest that a site of action of TNF-α may be within the medullary dorsal vagal complex. In this study, we describe the role of TNF-α as a neuromodulator affecting neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract that are involved in vago-vagal reflex control of gastric motility. The results presente

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Gujrathi, Atishkumar B., Vijayalaxmi Ambulgekar, and Shrinivas Chavan. "Vagal Nerve Schwannoma: Presentation of Two Case Reports." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 8, no. 3 (2016): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1246.

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ABSTRACT Vagal nerve schwannomas are rare neural sheath tumors. Although schwannomas are generally benign lesions, they are known to enlarge at a rate of 2.5 to 3 mm per year according to published reports. Vagal nerve schwannoma usually occurs between the 3rd and 5th decades of life, it does not show sex predilection, with both sexes being equally affected, and it most often presents as a painless, slow-growing, lateral neck mass. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision with preservation of the neural pathway, when it is possible. These tumors, in fact, are almost always benign,

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Fernandes, Camila. "Figuras do constrangimento: As instituições de Estado e as políticas de acusação sexual." Mana 25, no. 2 (2019): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-49442019v25n2p365.

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Resumo O artigo explora como se arquiteta um discurso de acusação em torno da sexualidade feminina “irresponsável” no interior de instituições públicas. A discussão parte de etnografia realizada em creches públicas situadas num complexo de favelas da Zona Norte (RJ). Apresento as principais etapas de acesso às vagas na instituição, assim como as estratégias mobilizadas pelas famílias para conseguir uma vaga. Acompanho de que maneira algumas situações são conduzidas a partir de uma pedagogia do constrangimento, nas quais “esporros” públicos configuram um campo de tensão entre funcionárias e mul

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van de Wall, E. H. E. M., P. Duffy, and R. C. Ritter. "CCK enhances response to gastric distension by acting on capsaicin-insensitive vagal afferents." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 3 (2005): R695—R703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00809.2004.

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Capsaicin treatment destroys vagal afferent C fibers and markedly attenuates reduction of food intake and induction of hindbrain Fos expression by CCK. However, both anatomical and electrophysiological data indicate that some gastric vagal afferents are not destroyed by capsaicin. Because CCK enhances behavioral and electrophysiological responses to gastric distension in rats and people, we hypothesized that CCK might enhance the vagal afferent response to gastric distension via an action on capsaicin-insensitive vagal afferents. To test this hypothesis, we quantified expression of Fos-like im

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Lee, Kun-Ze, Milapjit S. Sandhu, Brendan J. Dougherty, Paul J. Reier, and David D. Fuller. "Influence of vagal afferents on supraspinal and spinal respiratory activity following cervical spinal cord injury in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 109, no. 2 (2010): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01429.2009.

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C2 spinal hemisection (C2HS) interrupts ipsilateral bulbospinal pathways and induces compensatory increases in contralateral spinal and possibly supraspinal respiratory output. Our first purpose was to test the hypothesis that after C2HS contralateral respiratory motor outputs become resistant to vagal inhibitory inputs associated with lung inflation. Bilateral phrenic and contralateral hypoglossal (XII) neurograms were recorded in anesthetized and ventilated rats. In uninjured (control) rats, lung inflation induced by positive end-expired pressure (PEEP; 3–9 cmH2O) robustly inhibited both phr

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Porta, A., P. Castiglioni, M. Di Rienzo, et al. "Short-term complexity indexes of heart period and systolic arterial pressure variabilities provide complementary information." Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 12 (2012): 1810–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00755.2012.

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It is unclear whether the complexity of the variability of the systolic arterial pressure (SAP) provides complementary information to that of the heart period (HP). The complexity of HP and SAP variabilities was assessed from short beat-to-beat recordings (i.e., 256 cardiac beats). The evaluation was made during a pharmacological protocol that induced vagal blockade with atropine or a sympathetic blockade (beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol or central sympathetic blockade with clonidine) alone or in combination, during a graded head-up tilt, and in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)

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Shen, Xiling. "Abstract SY09-01: Targeting the vagal gut-brain axis: A new approach to combat cachexia." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_2 (2025): SY09–01—SY09–01. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-sy09-01.

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Abstract Cancer-associated cachexia is a complex, incurable syndrome responsible for nearly one-third of cancer-related deaths, driving therapy resistance and increasing mortality in affected patients. In this study, we identify altered vagal tone as a consequence of cancer-induced systemic inflammation in cachectic animal models. This vagal dysregulation disrupts the liver-brain vagal axis, leading to the rewiring of liver protein metabolism through the depletion of HNF4α, a key regulator of liver function. Notably, downregulation of liver HNF4α in wildtype mice induces cachectic phenotypes.

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Travagli, R. Alberto, and Richard C. Rogers. "V. Fast and slow extrinsic modulation of dorsal vagal complex circuits." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 281, no. 3 (2001): G595—G601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.3.g595.

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Vago-vagal reflex circuits in the medulla are responsible for the smooth coordination of the digestive processes carried out from the oral cavity to the transverse colon. In this themes article, we concentrate mostly on electrophysiological studies concerning the extrinsic modulation of these vago-vagal reflex circuits, with a particular emphasis on two types of modulation, i.e., by “fast” classic neurotransmitters and by “slow” neuromodulators. These examples review two of the most potent modulatory processes at work within the dorsal vagal complex, which have dramatic effects on gastrointest

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36

Satpathy, Shouvanik, Goutam Mondal, Anup Kumar Bhowmick, and Aniruddha Dam. "Cervical Vagal Swannoma: A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 21, no. 2 (2016): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v21i2.27651.

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Cervical vagal schwannomas are rare, slow growing tumours usually occur in patients between thirty and fifty years of age with no sex related predisposition. They are usually asymptomatic benign lesion and complete surgical resection with preservation of neural pathway, whenever possible is the treatment of choice.Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2015; 21(2): 115-118

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37

Latiș, Sandra-Maria-Vanessa, Alexandru-Dan Costache, Cristina Adam, Magda-Valeria Mitu, and Florin Mitu. "Vagal Maneuvers in Treating Acute Supraventricular Tachycardia with Narrow QRS." Internal Medicine 20, no. 3 (2023): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/inmed-2023-0257.

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Abstract Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia with narrow QRS complexes (SVT) includes different therapeutic strategies such as: cardioversion, drug therapy or vagal maneuvers, depending on the patient’s condition, especially if they are hemodynamically stable or unstable. Vagal maneuvers are used to treat SVT during the acute presentation, if the patient is stable. They are recommended by the 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for management of SVT with narrow QRS complexes. These include the Valsalva maneuver (enhanced or not) and carotid sinus massage. They have multiple ad

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38

EkmekÃ§i, Hakan, and HÃ¼lagu Kaptan. "Vagal Nerve Stimulation." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (2017): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.056.

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BACKGROUND: The vagus nerve stimulation (vns) is an approach mainly used in cases of intractable epilepsy despite all the efforts. Also, its benefits have been shown in severe cases of depression resistant to typical treatment.AIM: The aim of this study was to present current knowledge of vagus nerve stimulation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A new value has emerged just at this stage: VNS aiming the ideal treatment with new hopes. It is based on the placement of a programmable generator on the chest wall. Electric signals from the generator are transmitted to the left vagus nerve through the connectio

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39

Yost, Bethany L., Gerald J. Gleich, David B. Jacoby, and Allison D. Fryer. "The changing role of eosinophils in long-term hyperreactivity following a single ozone exposure." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 289, no. 4 (2005): L627—L635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00377.2004.

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Ozone hyperreactivity over 24 h is mediated by blockade of inhibitory M2 muscarinic autoreceptors by eosinophil major basic protein. Because eosinophil populations in the lungs fluctuate following ozone, the contribution of eosinophils to M2 dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity was measured over several days. After one exposure to ozone, M2 function, vagal reactivity, smooth muscle responsiveness, and inflammation were measured in anesthetized guinea pigs. Ozone-induced hyperreactivity to vagal stimulation persisted over 3 days. Although hyperreactivity one day after ozone is mediated by eos

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40

Hall, K. E., T. Y. el-Sharkawy, and N. E. Diamant. "Vagal control of canine postprandial upper gastrointestinal motility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 250, no. 4 (1986): G501—G510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1986.250.4.g501.

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The role of the vagus nerves in the control of postprandial motility in the upper gastrointestinal tract was investigated in four dogs by use of a bilateral cervical cooling blockade technique. On administration of food, the fasting migrating motor complex (MMC) was replaced by the postprandial (feeding) pattern. Feeding pattern duration varied in a dose-dependent manner with either total volume or calories of food. During the feeding pattern, oscillations in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure occurred at time intervals equivalent to the MMC cycle period. Twenty-one control feeding expe

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41

Jammes, Y. "Tonic sensory pathways of the respiratory system." European Respiratory Journal 1, no. 2 (1988): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.01020176.

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Both respiratory centres and the preganglionic vagal motoneurones, which control respiratory (striated) and airway (smooth) muscles respectively, receive information on the lungs, the circulation and the skeletal and respiratory muscles. Each of these nervous pathways has two components: one is phasic, i.e. in phase with biological rhythms, and comes from mechanoreceptors connected to large myelinated fibres; the second has a tonic low frequency firing rate and corresponds to the spontaneous activity of polymodal receptors connected to thin sensory fibres, which act mostly as sensors of change

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42

Poli, Andrea, Angelo Gemignani, Federico Soldani, and Mario Miccoli. "A Systematic Review of a Polyvagal Perspective on Embodied Contemplative Practices as Promoters of Cardiorespiratory Coupling and Traumatic Stress Recovery for PTSD and OCD: Research Methodologies and State of the Art." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (2021): 11778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211778.

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Baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has been proposed as a transdiagnostic biomarker of stress vulnerability across psychopathologies, and a reliable association between PTSD, OCD and lower resting RSA was found. Contemplative practices have been linked to the activation of the vagus as well as to an increased RSA that, according to the polyvagal theory, reflects the activation of the ventral vagal complex (VVC) and may promote PTSD and OCD recovery. PubMed and Scopus databases were selected to conduct a search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Anal

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43

Adriaensen, Dirk, Inge Brouns, Isabel Pintelon, Ian De Proost, and Jean-Pierre Timmermans. "Evidence for a role of neuroepithelial bodies as complex airway sensors: comparison with smooth muscle-associated airway receptors." Journal of Applied Physiology 101, no. 3 (2006): 960–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00267.2006.

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The epithelium of intrapulmonary airways in many species harbors diffusely spread innervated groups of neuroendocrine cells, called neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs). Data on the location, morphology, and chemical coding of NEBs in mammalian lungs are abundant, but none of the proposed functions has so far been fully established. Besides C-fiber afferents, slowly adapting stretch receptors, and rapidly adapting stretch receptors, recent reviews have added NEBs to the list of presumed sensory receptors in intrapulmonary airways. Physiologically, the innervation of NEBs, however, remains enigmatic.

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Armour, J. A., and W. C. Randall. "Rebound cardiovascular responses following stimulation of canine vagosympathetic complexes or cardiopulmonary nerves." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 63, no. 9 (1985): 1122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y85-184.

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Electrical stimulation of a canine vagosympathetic complex or a cardiopulmonary nerve can elicit a variety of negative chronotropic and inotropic cardiac responses, with or without alterations in systemic arterial pressure. In the period immediately following cessation of such a stimulation "rebound" tachycardia, increased inotropism above control values in one or more regions of the heart, and (or) elevation in systemic arterial pressure can occur. These "rebound" phenomena are abolished by propranolol or ipsilateral chronic sympathectomy. It is proposed that "vagal" poststimulation "rebound"

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45

Bendeck, M. P., and R. P. E. Reynolds. "Gastric and duodenal motility in the cat: the role of central innervation assessed by transient vagal blockade." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, no. 6 (1986): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-119.

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Experiments were performed on four cats to characterize fasting gastric and small bowel motility and to assess the role of extrinsic vagal innervation in the control of that motor activity. A multilumen manometry tube was positioned to record pressure changes from the proximal small bowel and stomach. Transient vagal nerve blockade was accomplished by cooling the cervical vagosympathetic nerve trunks, previously isolated in skin loops on each side of the neck. Two characteristic patterns of basal activity were documented in the stomach: (i) regular phasic contractions of variable amplitude in

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46

Hermann, G. E., G. S. Emch, C. A. Tovar, and R. C. Rogers. "c-Fos generation in the dorsal vagal complex after systemic endotoxin is not dependent on the vagus nerve." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 280, no. 1 (2001): R289—R299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.1.r289.

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The present study used activation of the c-Fos oncogene protein within neurons in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) as a marker of neuronal excitation in response to systemic endotoxin challenge [i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]. Specifically, we investigated whether vagal connections with the brain stem are necessary for LPS cytokine- induced activation of DVC neurons. Systemic exposure to LPS elicited a significant activation of c-Fos in neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) and area postrema of all thiobutabarbital-anesthetized rats examined, regardless of the integrity of their va

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47

Facchini, Mario, Gaetano M. De Ferrari, Oscar Bonazzi, Theodore Weiss, and Peter J. Schwartz. "Effect of reflex vagal activation on frequency of ventricular premature complexes." American Journal of Cardiology 68, no. 4 (1991): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(91)90830-e.

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48

Higa, Keila T., Eliana Mori, Fabiano F. Viana, Mariana Morris, and Lisete C. Michelini. "Baroreflex control of heart rate by oxytocin in the solitary-vagal complex." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 282, no. 2 (2002): R537—R545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00806.2000.

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Previous work demonstrated that oxytocinergic projections to the solitary vagal complex are involved in the restraint of exercise-induced tachycardia (2). In the present study, we tested the idea that oxytocin (OT) terminals in the solitary vagal complex [nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS)/dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV)] are involved in baroreceptor reflex control of heart rate (HR). Studies were conducted in male rats instrumented for chronic cardiovascular monitoring with a cannula in the NTS/DMV for brain injections. Basal mean arterial pressure and HR and reflex HR responses duri

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Demir, Semahat S., John W. Clark, and Wayne R. Giles. "Parasympathetic modulation of sinoatrial node pacemaker activity in rabbit heart: a unifying model." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 276, no. 6 (1999): H2221—H2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.276.6.h2221.

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We have extended our compartmental model [ Am. J. Physiol. 266 ( Cell Physiol. 35): C832–C852, 1994] of the single rabbit sinoatrial node (SAN) cell so that it can simulate cellular responses to bath applications of ACh and isoprenaline as well as the effects of neuronally released ACh. The model employs three different types of muscarinic receptors to explain the variety of responses observed in mammalian cardiac pacemaking cells subjected to vagal stimulation. The response of greatest interest is the ACh-sensitive change in cycle length that is not accompanied by a change in action potential

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50

Babic, Tanja, Ruchi Bhagat, Shuxia Wan, et al. "Role of the vagus in the reduced pancreatic exocrine function in copper-deficient rats." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 304, no. 4 (2013): G437—G448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00402.2012.

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Copper plays an essential role in the function and development of the central nervous system and exocrine pancreas. Dietary copper limitation is known to result in noninflammatory atrophy of pancreatic acinar tissue. Our recent studies have suggested that vagal motoneurons regulate pancreatic exocrine secretion (PES) by activating selective subpopulations of neurons within vagovagal reflexive neurocircuits. We used a combination of in vivo, in vitro, and immunohistochemistry techniques in a rat model of copper deficiency to investigate the effects of a copper-deficient diet on the neural pathw

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