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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Concept hierarchies"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 1 de febrero de 2022

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1

Zupan, Blaž, Marko Bohanec, Janez Demšar y Ivan Bratko. "Learning by discovering concept hierarchies". Artificial Intelligence 109, n.º 1-2 (junio de 1999): 211–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(99)00008-9.

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2

Petry, Frederick E. y Ronald R. Yager. "Evidence Resolution Using Concept Hierarchies". IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 16, n.º 2 (abril de 2008): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2007.895966.

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3

Snelting, Gregor y Frank Tip. "Understanding class hierarchies using concept analysis". ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 22, n.º 3 (mayo de 2000): 540–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/353926.353940.

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4

Snelting, Gregor y Frank Tip. "Reengineering class hierarchies using concept analysis". ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 23, n.º 6 (noviembre de 1998): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/291252.288273.

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5

Petry, Frederick E. y Ronald R. Yager. "Fuzzy Concept Hierarchies and Evidence Resolution". IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 22, n.º 5 (octubre de 2014): 1151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2013.2286412.

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6

Plantié, Michel y Michel Crampes. "Visualizing and Interacting with Concept Hierarchies". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 24, n.º 02 (abril de 2015): 1540006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213015400060.

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Concept Hierarchies and Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) are theoretically well grounded. They rely on line diagrams called Galois lattices for visualizing and analysing object-attribute sets. Galois lattices are visually seducing and conceptually rich for experts. However they present important drawbacks due to their concept oriented overall structure: analysing what they show is difficult for non experts, navigation is cumbersome, interaction is poor, and scalability is a deep bottleneck for visual interpretation even for experts. In this paper we introduce semantic probes as a means to overcome many of these problems and extend usability and application possibilities of traditional FCA visualization methods. Semantic probes are visual user centred objects which extract and organize reduced Galois sub-hierarchies. They are simpler, clearer, and they provide a better navigation support through a rich set of interaction possibilities. Since probe driven sub-hierarchies are limited to users' focus, scalability is under control and interpretation is facilitated. After some successful experiments, several applications are being developed with the remaining problem of finding a compromise between simplicity and conceptual expressivity.

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7

Cimiano, P., A. Hotho y S. Staab. "Learning Concept Hierarchies from Text Corpora using Formal Concept Analysis". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 24 (1 de agosto de 2005): 305–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1648.

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We present a novel approach to the automatic acquisition of taxonomies or concept hierarchies from a text corpus. The approach is based on Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), a method mainly used for the analysis of data, i.e. for investigating and processing explicitly given information. We follow Harris' distributional hypothesis and model the context of a certain term as a vector representing syntactic dependencies which are automatically acquired from the text corpus with a linguistic parser. On the basis of this context information, FCA produces a lattice that we convert into a special kind of partial order constituting a concept hierarchy. The approach is evaluated by comparing the resulting concept hierarchies with hand-crafted taxonomies for two domains: tourism and finance. We also directly compare our approach with hierarchical agglomerative clustering as well as with Bi-Section-KMeans as an instance of a divisive clustering algorithm. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of using different measures weighting the contribution of each attribute as well as of applying a particular smoothing technique to cope with data sparseness.

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8

Reformat, Marek, Ronald R. Yager y Zhan Li. "Ontology Enhanced Concept Hierarchies for Text Identification". International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 4, n.º 3 (julio de 2008): 16–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jswis.2008070102.

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9

LI, DONG (HAOYUAN), ANNE LAURENT y PASCAL PONCELET. "DISCOVERING FUZZY UNEXPECTED SEQUENCES WITH CONCEPT HIERARCHIES". International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 17, supp01 (agosto de 2009): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488509006054.

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Sequential pattern mining is the method that has received much attention in sequence data mining research and applications, however, a drawback is that it does not profit from prior knowledge of domains. In our previous work, we proposed a belief-driven method with fuzzy set theory for discovering the unexpected sequences that contradict existing knowledge of data, including occurrence constraints and semantic contradictions. In this paper, we present a new approach that discovers unexpected sequences with determining semantic contradictions by using concept hierarchies associated with the data. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach with experiments on Web usage analysis.

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10

Striedter, Georg F. y R. Glenn Northcutt. "Biological Hierarchies and the Concept of Homology". Brain, Behavior and Evolution 38, n.º 4-5 (1991): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000114387.

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11

Datta, Srayan y Eytan Adar. "A generative model for scientific concept hierarchies". PLOS ONE 13, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2018): e0193331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193331.

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12

Lee, Sangno, Soon-Young Huh y Ronald D. McNiel. "Automatic generation of concept hierarchies using WordNet". Expert Systems with Applications 35, n.º 3 (octubre de 2008): 1132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2007.08.042.

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13

Tsai, Pauray S. M. y Arbee L. P. Chen. "A Methodology for Schema Integration Using Concept Hierarchies". Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering 6, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 1999): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ica-1999-6305.

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14

Yih-Jen Horng y Shyi-Ming Chen. "Finding inheritance hierarchies in fuzzy-valued concept-networks". IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics) 29, n.º 1 (1999): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3477.740173.

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15

MARKOV, ZDRAVKO. "AN ALGEBRAIC APPROACH TO INDUCTIVE LEARNING". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 10, n.º 01n02 (marzo de 2001): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213001000519.

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The paper presents a framework to induction of concept hierarchies based on consistent integration of metric and similarity-based approaches. The hierarchies used are subsumption lattices induced by the least general generalization operator (lgg) commonly used in inductive learning. Using some basic results from lattice theory the paper introduces a semantic distance measure between objects in concept hierarchies and discusses its applications for solving concept learning and conceptual clustering tasks. Experiments with well known ML datasets represented in three types of languages - propositional (attribute-value), atomic formulae and Horn clauses, are also presented.

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16

Polterovich, V. M. "Collaborative hierarchies". Voprosy Ekonomiki, n.º 7 (12 de julio de 2021): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-7-31-48.

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We introduce the concept of collaborative hierarchy, a mechanism of collaboration which combines hierarchical and peer-to-peer interactions. In a collaborative hierarchy, a set of participants informatively “subordinate” to the same coordinator forms a peer-to-peer network producing consensual decisions. The advantages of such mechanisms over peer-to-peer mechanisms are noted. The problem of stability of collaborative hierarchies is investigated. In this case it means that they are protected from turning into power hierarchies based on violence. Stability requires high levels of human capital and civic culture. It is achieved through a number of formal organizational principles, such as the selection of coordinators by the level of collaborativity and their regular turnover. Of particular importance for stability is the requirement of reaching consensus. It is demonstrated that a number of Western countries are trying to overcome the crisis of the welfare state by introducing economic reforms providing for the formation of collaborative hierarchies. Our analysis shows that forming of governance hierarchies is compatible with the tendency of crowding out mechanisms of competition and power by mechanisms of collaboration, demonstrated by the philosophy of collaboration. The significance of the findings for Russia is discussed.

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17

Wright, Adam, Aileen P. Wright, Skye Aaron y Dean F. Sittig. "Smashing the strict hierarchy: three cases of clinical decision support malfunctions involving carvedilol". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 25, n.º 11 (26 de julio de 2018): 1552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy091.

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Abstract Clinical vocabularies allow for standard representation of clinical concepts, and can also contain knowledge structures, such as hierarchy, that facilitate the creation of maintainable and accurate clinical decision support (CDS). A key architectural feature of clinical hierarchies is how they handle parent-child relationships — specifically whether hierarchies are strict hierarchies (allowing a single parent per concept) or polyhierarchies (allowing multiple parents per concept). These structures handle subsumption relationships (ie, ancestor and descendant relationships) differently. In this paper, we describe three real-world malfunctions of clinical decision support related to incorrect assumptions about subsumption checking for β-blocker, specifically carvedilol, a non-selective β-blocker that also has α-blocker activity. We recommend that 1) CDS implementers should learn about the limitations of terminologies, hierarchies, and classification, 2) CDS implementers should thoroughly test CDS, with a focus on special or unusual cases, 3) CDS implementers should monitor feedback from users, and 4) electronic health record (EHR) and clinical content developers should offer and support polyhierarchical clinical terminologies, especially for medications.

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18

Kamide, Norihiro. "Concept Finding Proofs". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 15, n.º 7 (20 de septiembre de 2011): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2011.p0777.

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We propose a proof-theoretical way of obtaining detailed and precise information on conceptual hierarchies. The notion of concept finding proof, which represents a hierarchy of concepts, is introduced based on a substructural logic with mingle and strong negation. Mingle, which is a structural inference rule, is used to represent a process for finding a more general (or specific) concept than some given concepts. Strong negation, which is a negation connective, is used to represent a concept inverse operator. The problem for constructing a concept finding proof is shown to be decidable in PTIME.1 1. This paper is an extended version of [1].

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19

Kulshrestha, Gaurav. "Pair Management and Virtual Hierarchies". Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 28, n.º 3 (julio de 2003): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920030306.

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Hierarchies are essential in an organization for delegation of work among the employees and its normal functioning. The existing organizational hierarchies are good at division of work and keeping the roles of the employees clearly defined but they suffer from problems like: Single point of failure (absence of an employee might significantly disrupt the informa- tion or workflow taking place in a hierarchy). Inability to respond to a newly emerged situation in the absence of the concerned employee. This paper introduces a new concept called pair management which aims to improve the workflow of an organizational hierarchy without disturbing its original structure. Pairing helps in overcoming the shortcomings of a normal hierarchy by increasing the flexibility and robustness of the hierarchical structure. A pair consists of two employees or managers who cooperate with each other in their work. Pairing involves sharing of information and cooperation between the two partners. Pairing leads to the formation of virtual hierarchies which act as a cushion to absorb the disturbances arising in the organizational hierarchy. The positive implications of pairing are: Improved work and information flow. Handling the critical situations better. Enrichment of the job of the managers. However, pairing requires clear role definitions, good coordination, and clear commu- nication protocols, absence of which might lead to: a) Coupling; b) Conflicts; c) Dissolution of the pair. To avoid these problems, we can choose an optimum degree of pairing and define the roles and communication protocols accordingly. The degree of pairing depends upon: Personal characteristics of the employees. Managerial styles of the employees. Work schedules of the employees. Organizational requirements. If the degree of pairing is very high, it might lead to coupling or conflicts. On the other hand, less degree of pairing might lead to underutilization of the pair. Deciding upon the degree of pairing involves identifying and analysing two kinds of characteristics of the employees forming the pair. These are: a) S-Factors, i.e., the factors which need to be similar in both the employees; b) D-Factors, i.e., the factors which should be dissimilar. We need to achieve a balance such that the efficiency of the pair is high and, at the same time, the chances of conflicts are minimum. Low degrees of pairing are safer as they ensure clear role definitions and hence less chances of conflicts. An analysis of working schedules of four managers is presented in this paper to find out how pairing can help them in improving their work efficiency and managing their work schedules better. This analysis reveals that: Feasibility of pairing and its success also depends on work schedules of the employees. The benefits of pairing can be different for different employees. Implementation of this concept involves choosing a relevant degree of pairing, defining the roles and communication protocols, observing the effectiveness of the process, and redefining the degree of pairing based upon the inputs from the feedback. This cycle repeats to ensure smooth functioning of the pair. The privilege of varying the degree of pairing makes it very flexible and adds to the feasibility of the concept. The success of pairing depends on the professionalism shown by the employees and clear role definitions. An organization might start using this concept with safer degrees of pairing and later on move to higher degrees. The concepts and views expressed in this paper can be further analysed to suit the needs of an organization.

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20

ICHISE, Ryutaro, Masahiro HAMASAKI y Hideaki TAKEDA. "A Rule Learning Mechanism for Integration of Concept Hierarchies". Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence 19 (2004): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1527/tjsai.19.521.

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21

R, Vijayakumar, Rajasekar G, Raja Rajeswari B y Raja S. "Detecting and Preventing Data Overloading Difficulty using Concept Hierarchies". International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research 3, n.º 1 (10 de enero de 2014): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr0301.1008.

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22

Arévalo, Gabriela. "Understanding Behavioral Dependencies in Class Hierarchies using Concept Analysis". L'objet 9, n.º 1-2 (30 de junio de 2003): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/objet.9.1-2.47-59.

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23

Godin, Robert, Hafedh Mili, Guy W. Mineau, Rokia Missaoui, Amina Arfi y Thuy-Tien Chau. "Design of class hierarchies based on concept, (Galois) lattices". Theory and Practice of Object Systems 4, n.º 2 (1998): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9942(1998)4:2<117::aid-tapo6>3.0.co;2-q.

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24

Freemon, Frank R. "Hierarchies in Neurology: A Reappraisal of a Jacksonian Concept". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 262, n.º 21 (1 de diciembre de 1989): 3063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03430210105043.

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25

Kashyap, Abhijith, Vagelis Hristidis, Michalis Petropoulos y Sotiria Tavoulari. "Effective Navigation of Query Results Based on Concept Hierarchies". IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 23, n.º 4 (abril de 2011): 540–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2010.135.

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26

de Jong, J. M. B. V. "Hierarchies in neurology: a reappraisal of a Jacksonian concept". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 93, n.º 2-3 (noviembre de 1989): 346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(89)90208-6.

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27

Chen, Shyi-Ming y Yih-Jen Horng. "Finding inheritance hierarchies in interval-valued fuzzy concept-networks". Fuzzy Sets and Systems 84, n.º 1 (noviembre de 1996): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0114(95)00315-0.

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28

Girardi, Dominic, Sandra Wartner, Gerhard Halmerbauer, Margit Ehrenmüller, Hilda Kosorus y Stephan Dreiseitl. "Using concept hierarchies to improve calculation of patient similarity". Journal of Biomedical Informatics 63 (octubre de 2016): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2016.07.021.

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29

Rios-Alvarado, Ana B., Ivan Lopez-Arevalo y Victor J. Sosa-Sosa. "Learning concept hierarchies from textual resources for ontologies construction". Expert Systems with Applications 40, n.º 15 (noviembre de 2013): 5907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.05.005.

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30

LIANG, De-cui y Pei HU. "Optimal credible rules based on rough sets in concept hierarchies". Journal of Computer Applications 31, n.º 2 (6 de abril de 2011): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2011.00493.

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31

Jones, Bonna. "Hierarchies of action: a concept for library and information science". Journal of Documentation 67, n.º 4 (26 de julio de 2011): 695–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00220411111145052.

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32

Asiki, Athanasia, Dimitrios Tsoumakos y Nectarios Koziris. "Distributing and searching concept hierarchies: an adaptive DHT-based system". Cluster Computing 13, n.º 3 (8 de abril de 2010): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10586-010-0136-5.

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33

Chen, Y., Z. He, M. Halper, L. Chen y H. Gu. "Quality Assurance of UMLS Semantic Type Assignments Using SNOMED CT Hierarchies". Methods of Information in Medicine 55, n.º 02 (2016): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me14-01-0104.

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SummaryBackground: The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is one of the largest biomedical terminological systems, with over 2.5 million concepts in its Metathesaurus repository. The UMLS’s Semantic Network (SN) with its collection of 133 high-level semantic types serves as an abstraction layer on top of the Metathesaurus. In particular, the SN elaborates an aspect of the Metathesaurus’s concepts via the assignment of one or more types to each concept. Due to the scope and complexity of the Metathesaurus, errors are all but inevitable in this semantic-type assignment process.Objectives: To develop a semi-automated methodology to help assure the quality of semantic-type assignments within the UMLS.Methods: The methodology uses a cross- validation strategy involving SNOMED CT’s hierarchies in combination with UMLS se -mantic types. Semantically uniform, disjoint concept groups are generated programmatically by partitioning the collection of all concepts in the same SNOMED CT hierarchy according to their respective semantic-type assignments in the UMLS. Domain experts are then called upon to review the concepts in any group having a small number of concepts. It is our hypothesis that a semantic-type assignment combination applicable only to a very small number of concepts in a SNOMED CT hierarchy is an indicator of potential problems.Results: The methodology was applied to the UMLS 2013AA release along with the SNOMED CT from January 2013. An overall error rate of 33% was found for concepts proposed by the quality-assurance methodology. Supporting our hypothesis, that number was four times higher than the error rate found in control samples.Conclusion: The results show that the quality-assurance methodology can aid in effective and efficient identification of UMLS semantic-type assignment errors.

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34

Liu, Wei-Yi. "An Effective Partition Method of the Fuzzy Inheritance Hierarchies on the basis of the Semantic Proximity". International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 06, n.º 05 (octubre de 1998): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488598000380.

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In this paper, based on the concept of the semantic proximity, a partition method of fuzzy inheritance hierarchies has been given. It is shown that this method is reasonable and effective. Particularly, for a problem with fuzzy concepts, such as systematic botany and zoology, this partition method has especial advantages.

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35

Żytkow, Jan M. y Robert Zembowicz. "Contingency Tables as the Foundation for Concepts, Concept Hierarchies, and Rules: The 49er System Approach". Fundamenta Informaticae 30, n.º 3,4 (1997): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1997-303412.

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36

Wang, Ting Zhong y Hong Sheng Xu. "Constructing Domain Ontology Based on Fuzzy Set and Concept Lattice". Applied Mechanics and Materials 63-64 (junio de 2011): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.63-64.715.

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The major content in FCA is to extract formal concepts and connections between them from data in form of formal context so as to form a lattice structure of formal concepts. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic are acknowledged as an appropriate formalism for capturing imprecise and vague knowledge. The paper offers a methodology for building ontology for knowledge sharing and reusing based on fuzzy concept lattices union. This paper makes up these defects by applying formal concept analysis theory and fuzzy sets to construct concept hierarchies of ontology, and the experiments shows the CPU Time in the attribute numbers, indicating that FFCA is superior to FCA in building the ontology of semantic web.

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37

Sirotkina, I. E. "AGAINST EPISTEMOLOGICAL HIERARCHIES: ON THE VALUE OF FORMING BODILY KNOWLEDGE". Education & Pedagogy Journal, n.º 1(1) (6 de julio de 2021): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2782-2575-2021-1-5-20.

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The article reveals such concepts as “metis,” “body techniques,” “practical skill,” “kinesthetic intelligence,” and “movement skill.” These concepts are united by the fact that the accumulation of knowledge is presented as a largely unconscious process in which muscles play the same role as the brain. The essence of these concepts can be expressed in the term “bodily knowledge,” which contrasts itself in the epistemological sense with codified practical knowledge, instructions, and rules – techne. Bodily knowledge is based on movements and muscle sensations. Russian physiologist I.M. Sechenov called this sensation “dark,” pointing out that such sensations are almost impossible to comprehend, describe, and analyze. However, such feelings cannot be entirely opposed to thought. This “smart skill,” as poet and writer Varlam Shalamov called it, can be considered a separate type of cognition. This article is an attempt to comprehensively discuss the concept of “body knowledge.”

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38

Bezzi, Claudio. "Mappe concettuali per la valutazione". RIV Rassegna Italiana di Valutazione, n.º 41 (mayo de 2009): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riv2008-041003.

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- Concept Maps are a powerful tool to describe and better understand concepts, their hierarchies and relationships. Invented by Joseph Novak in an educational and scholastic environment, Concept Maps later penetrated the evaluation thanks to Trochim, but with a different methodological approach and in a very limited number of situations. Instead, Concept Maps appear very useful for different evaluative purposes and contexts, for example to improve evaluational design and the stakeholder consciousness around the evaluand and to share knowledge about it. The article shows different Concept Maps, with exemples which extend the use of the original ideas of Novak and Trochim, and concludes with a general discussion over their utilization.Key words: Concept Maps; Tacit Knowledge; Program Theory.

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Kang, Yu-Kyung, Suk-Hyung Hwang, Eung-Hee Kim y Tae-Jung Eom. "A Study on Data Analysis Approach based on Granular Concept Hierarchies". Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 17, n.º 3 (30 de marzo de 2012): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2012.17.3.121.

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40

Žnidaršič, Martin, Aleks Jakulin, Sašo Džeroski y Christian Kampichler. "Automatic construction of concept hierarchies: The case of foliage-dwelling spiders". Ecological Modelling 191, n.º 1 (enero de 2006): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.08.023.

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41

Rehbein, Boike. "Social Inequality and Sociocultures". methaodos revista de ciencias sociales 8, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17502/m.rcs.v8i1.331.

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Inequality is usually studied with a focus on economic factors, such as income and wealth, and with reference to a brief period of time, basically the period of data collection. This article argues that this approach is misleading and does not allow us to understand inequality, let alone society at large. Inequalities and social hierarchies comprise more than economic factors but also cultural factors, as Pierre Bourdieu has shown. Bourdieu, however, neglected the historical dimension. Classes and habitus types are rooted in long traditions, which have to be studied over centuries, not months or years. Capitalist societies develop hierarchies of social classes, which are shaped by pre-capitalist hierarchies. These earlier hierarchies tend to persist for decades or even centuries after the capitalist transformation. I refer to these earlier hierarchies as sociocultures, since they form not only hierarchies but also cultures, which reproduce from one generation to the next. Edward P. Thompson has demonstrated this with regard to the English working class. In the article, I will introduce the concept of socioculture as it is used in studies of social inequality.

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42

Reformat, Marek Z., Ronald R. Yager, Zhan Li y Naif Alajlan. "Human-inspired Identification of High-level Concepts using OWA and Linguistic Quantifiers". International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 6, n.º 3 (10 de septiembre de 2011): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2011.3.2132.

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Intelligent agent based system can be used to identify high-level concepts matching sets of keywords provided by users. A new human-inspired approach to concept identification in documents is introduced here. The proposed method takes keywords and builds concept structures based on them. These concept structures are represented as hierarchies of concepts (HofC). The ontology is used to enrich HofCs with terms and other concepts (sub-concepts) based on concept definitions, as well as with related concepts. Additionally, the approach uses levels of importance of terms defining the concepts. The levels of importance of terms are continuously updated based on a flow of documents using an Adaptive Assignment of Term Importance (AATI) schema. The levels of activation of concepts identified in a document that match these in the HofC are estimated using ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators with linguistic quantifiers. A simple case study presented in the paper is designed to illustrate the approach.

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Robson, Patricia y Tony Walter. "Hierarchies of Loss: A Critique of Disenfranchised Grief". OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 66, n.º 2 (marzo de 2013): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.66.2.a.

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Two aspects of the concept of disenfranchised grief are examined: its binary assumption that grief is either enfranchised or disenfranchised; and its emancipatory agenda that grief should not be socially regulated. Focusing on the mourner's relationship to the deceased, we argue that social norms about the legitimacy of bereavement are not binary (yes-no), but are scalar or hierarchical, or even more complex still. We report on a tool for identifying hierarchies of loss, and describe the hierarchy identified by this tool in one British study. If norms about loss are not binary but hierarchical, how has disenfranchised grief—which claims to be a theory of norms—become an uncontested concept within bereavement research and clinical practice? We point to its rhetorical value in the postmodern politics of grief and its seductive emancipatory symbolism within the clinic; its value both for clinical practice and for empirical research into bereavement norms, however, may be limited.

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44

Azovsky, A. I. "Concept of scale in marine ecology: linking the words or the worlds?" Web Ecology 1, n.º 1 (14 de abril de 2000): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-1-28-2000.

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Abstract. The concept of scale (in sensu lato) is considered to be very promising as the integrative basis for modern ecology. Nowadays it is not a full-blown theory but rather a flexible and progressively developing methodology to outline future unifying theories. It provides a powerful conceptual framework for generating testable hypotheses and studying a wide range of ecological phenomena related with such themes as heterogeneity, hierarchy and size. Spatio-temporal heterogeneity, organizational hierarchies and body size are the main scaling factors for ecological patterns and processes. Broad comparison of patterns for these three different but interrelated dimensions can reveal some new regularities ("scaling laws") of ecological systems. It also allows us to look at the worlds of different organisms "through their own eyes". Some examples of applying the cross-scaling approach in marine ecology are considered: &#151; Patterns and scales of spatial heterogeneity; &#151; Species-area curves and body size; &#151; Co-occurrence of congeners as scale-dependent phenomenon; &#151; Spatio-temporal ranges of ecological hierarchies.

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45

Kiss, Tamás. "Escaping the “Balkanizing” Gaze? Perceptions of Global and Internal Developmental Hierarchies in Romania". East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 31, n.º 3 (14 de mayo de 2017): 565–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325417701816.

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The article presents the perceptions of global and internal developmental hierarchies in Romania. According to our empirical results, the Western-centred developmental paradigm has deeply penetrated the worldviews of ordinary people in Romania. As a consequence, national self-perceptions, respectively, constructions of internal regional and ethnic differences in Romania, are powerfully shaped by the idea of East–West developmental hierarchies. Melegh introduced the concept of an “East–West slope” to denote a discursive construction used since the eighteenth century. This construction suggests that there is a gradual decline of development (or “civilization”) as one moves from the West (North West) toward the East (South East). The author argues that this framework not only defines how Romanians position themselves in the global developmental hierarchy but also how they define their internal (regional and ethnic) hierarchies. The article also discusses Todorova’s concept of Balkanism. This interpretive framework not only defines the perceptions of external observers but (following a process of cultural penetration) may also shape the self-perceptions of those involved. This article argues that Romanians have succeeded in avoiding—at least partially—the most severe consequence of the “Balkanizing gaze,” which is a constant sense of inferiority. It is also important, however, that this Balkanizing gaze can be reproduced at a national/local level and (in interrelation with other types of developmental discourses) can organize internal hierarchies.

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46

Youcefa, Abdelmadjid, Mohammed Lamine Kherfi, Belal Khaldi y Oussama Aiadi. "Understanding user intention in image retrieval: generalization selection using multiple concept hierarchies". TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 17, n.º 5 (1 de octubre de 2019): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v17i5.10202.

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47

Behzadi, Sahar, Nikola S. Müller, Claudia Plant y Christian Böhm. "Clustering of mixed-type data considering concept hierarchies: problem specification and algorithm". International Journal of Data Science and Analytics 10, n.º 3 (25 de abril de 2020): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41060-020-00216-2.

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48

ZHU, Yuan Yi. "Suzerainty, Semi-Sovereignty, and International Legal Hierarchies on China's Borderlands". Asian Journal of International Law 10, n.º 2 (julio de 2020): 293–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s204425132000020x.

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AbstractThe concept of semi-sovereignty, a now obsolete category of international entities possessing limited sovereignty, remains hazily understood. However, the historical examination of how semi-sovereignty was defined and practised during the long nineteenth century can provide insights on the interplay between authority and control within the hierarchies of international relations. This paper examines one specific type of semi-sovereignty—namely, suzerainty—which is often used to describe China's traditional authority in Tibet and Mongolia. By examining the events that led to the acceptance of suzerainty as the legal framing for the China-Tibet and China-Mongolia relationships, I argue that suzerainty was a deliberately vague concept that could be used to create liminal international legal spaces to the advantage of Western states, and to mediate between competing claims of political authority. Finally, I point to the importance of semi-sovereignty as an arena of legal contestation between the Western and non-Western members of the “Family of Nations”.

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49

Rojas, Fabio, Clayton D. Thomas, Shibashis Mukherjee, Emily Meanwell y Lauren Apgar. "Complementary work in the hospital: How infection preventionists perceive opportunities for cooperation with higher status physicians". Journal of Professions and Organization 6, n.º 2 (8 de marzo de 2019): 196–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz002.

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Abstract Social scientists and management scholars have tended to see workplace interaction through the lens of hierarchy. However, modern workplaces include many people who do not fit neatly into such hierarchies because their work is designed to assess, support, sanction, or monitor other workers who already have well-established positions. Motivated by this observation, we conducted interviews with 193 infection preventionists—healthcare workers whose job it is to work with higher status physicians to monitor and suppress healthcare-acquired infections—to assess how workers outside of existing hierarchies can integrate their work. Inductive analyses of these interviews suggest three strategies: deference; relying on bureaucracy’s routines and practices; and recruiting higher status confederates, which we call side-channeling. From these analyses, we introduce the concept of complementary work to describe labor that seeks to supplement existing workplace hierarchies.

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Cicirelli, Franco, Antonio Guerrieri, Alessandro Mercuri, Giandomenico Spezzano y Andrea Vinci. "Cognitive smart environment: an approach based on concept hierarchies and sensor data fusion". International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 13, n.º 5 (2018): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijspm.2018.094741.

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