Artículos de revistas: "Concrete electrical resistivity"

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Cleven, Simon, Michael Raupach y Thomas Matschei. "Electrical Resistivity of Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete—Influencing Parameters". Materials 14, n.º 12 (20 de junio de 2021): 3408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123408.

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This paper presents a systematic study of the electrical resistivity of different steel fibre-reinforced concretes with fibre contents from 0 kg/m3 to 80 kg/m3 in order to identify possible effects of interactions among concrete composition and fibre type and content regarding electrical resistivity. Based on a literature review, four parameters, w/c ratio, binder content, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and fineness of cement, which show a significant influence on the electrical resistivity of plain concrete, were identified, and their influence on the electrical resistivity as well as interaction effects were investigated. The results of the experiments highlight that the addition of fibres leads to a significant decrease in electrical resistivity, independent of all additional parameters of the concrete composition. Additionally, it was shown that a higher porosity of the concrete, e.g., due to a higher w/c ratio, also results in a lower electrical resistivity. These results are in agreement with the literature review on plain concrete, while the influence of the concrete composition on the electrical resistivity is weaker with the increase in fibre content. The influence of fibre reinforcement is thus not affected by changes in the concrete composition. In general, a higher fibre dosage leads to a decrease in electrical resistivity, but the impact on the electrical resistivity varies slightly with different types of steel fibres. Based on this study, the potential of determining the fibre content using electrical resistivity measurements could be clearly presented.

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Hnin, Su Wai, Pakawat Sancharoen y Somnuk Tangtermsirikul. "Effects of Concrete Mix Proportion on Electrical Resistivity of Concrete". Materials Science Forum 866 (agosto de 2016): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.866.68.

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Electrical resistivity is one of the important parameters for modeling corrosion behavior of concrete. Few researchers have been carried out to investigate this problem. This paper presents an experimental study on effects of concrete mix proportion on electrical resistivity of concrete. The electrical resistivity of concrete is measured using the four Wenner probe, which is a fast and simple test that evaluates the resistance of concrete against the entrance of ionic species. The varied parameters in this study were water/binder ratio, fly ash content, cement paste content (Υ) and curing conditions. Based on experimental results, a good correlation is obtained between electrical resistivity and compressive strength of concrete.The results showed that the electrical resistivity of concrete mainly depend on compressive strength and fly ash content. The results of this study can be used further to model the behavior of electrical resistivity of concrete when the mix proportions are provided and that can be supported information to design sacrificial anode protection system.

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Tian, Ye, Xian Yu Jin, Yuan Zhan y Nan Guo Jin. "Mechanical and Microstructure Characterization of Fresh High- and Normal- Strength Concrete with Non-Contact Electrical Resistivity Measurement". Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (mayo de 2011): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.122.

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This paper reports the investigation on both high and normal strength concrete using a non-contact electrical resistivity facility. The bulk resistivity development (ρ(t)-t curves) of the fresh concretes was evaluated from casting to 72h. The relationship between the electrical resistivity and the pore structure obtained from mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) method was analyzed. And the compressive strength evolution of fresh high- and normal- strength concrete was studied based on the bulk resistivity at early ages. The experiment results indicated a linear relationship between the fractional porosity and electrical resistivity. A further correlation between the compressive strength and electrical resistivity was analyzed with Archie’s law. Based on these studies, it appears that the electrical resistivity test could provide information for the design, quality control, quality assurance, and utilization of both high- and normal- strength concrete.

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Robles, Kevin Paolo V., Dong-Won Kim, Jurng-Jae Yee, Jin-Wook Lee y Seong-Hoon Kee. "Electrical Resistivity Measurements of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Delamination Defects". Sensors 20, n.º 24 (11 de diciembre de 2020): 7113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247113.

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The main objectives of this research are to evaluate the effects of delamination defects on the measurement of electrical resistivity of reinforced concrete slabs through analytical and experimental studies in the laboratory, and to propose a practical guide for electrical resistivity measurements on concrete with delamination defects. First, a 3D finite element model was developed to simulate the variation of electric potential field in concrete over delamination defects with various depths and lateral sizes. Second, for experimental studies, two reinforced concrete slab specimens (1500 mm (width) by 1500 mm (length) by 300 mm (thickness)) with artificial delamination defects of various dimensions and depths were fabricated. Third, the electrical resistivity of concrete over delamination defects in the numerical simulation models and the two concrete slab specimens were evaluated by using a 4-point Wenner probe in accordance with AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Office) T-358. It was demonstrated from analytical and experimental studies in this study that shallow (50 mm depth) and deep (250 mm depth) delamination defects resulted in higher and lower electrical resistivity (ER) values, respectively, as compared to measurements performed on solid concrete locations. Furthermore, the increase in size of shallow defects resulted in an increase in concrete resistivity, whereas the increase in sizes of deep delamination defects yielded opposite results. In addition, measurements done directly above the steel reinforcements significantly lowered ER values. Lastly, it was observed from experimental studies that the effect of delamination defects on the values of electrical resistivity decreases as the saturation level of concrete increases.

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Hnin, Su Wai, Pakawat Sancharoen y Somnuk Tangtermsirikul. "EFFECTS OF MIX PROPORTION ON ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF CONCRETE WITH FLY ASH". ASEAN Engineering Journal 7, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2017): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v7.15492.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of mix proportion on electrical resistivity of concrete with fly ash. The electrical resistivity of concrete is measured by using four Wenner probes. The varied parameters in this study were water/binder ratio, fly ash content, and paste content. Electrical resistivity of water-saturated concrete at several different ages was studied and compared with compressive strength and rapid chloride penetration. Based on experimental results, a good relationship was obtained between results of compressive strength and rapid chloride penetration with electrical resistivity of concrete. The results of this study can be applied further to predict electrical resistivity of concrete when mix proportions are provided. According to the results, lower water/binder ratio concrete had higher resistivity than those with higher water/binder ratios. When cement was replaced at 40% by fly ash, electrical resistivity increased four times when compared to that of OPC concrete.

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Santor, M. S., A. L. G. Gastaldini, C. Crauss, G. T. Dos Santos y F. C. Rossini. "Influência de materiais de proteção na resistividade elétrica do concreto". Revista ALCONPAT 2, n.º 1 (30 de enero de 2012): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v2i1.26.

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RESUMOA durabilidade das estruturas de concreto armado é resultado da ação protetora do concreto sobre a armadura. Quando a passivação do aço deixa de existir a estrutura torna-se vulnerável ao fenômeno da corrosão, cuja propagação, após iniciada é essencialmente controlada pela resistividade elétrica do concreto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a alteração na resistividade elétrica de concretos produzidos com diferentes tipos de cimento, CP II F, CP IV e CP V, submetidos a tratamento superficial com produto obturador dos poros e argamassa polimérica. Para efeito de análise os resultados foram comparados com os mesmos concretos sem aplicação do produto. Esses tratamentos foram realizados em concretos confeccionados com resistências à compressão na idade de 28 dias de 21,6MPa, 26,6 MPa e 31,6 MPa. Para todos os tipos de cimento utilizados e níveis de resistência adotados o tratamento superficial com argamassa polimérica resultou em maiores valores de resistividade elétrica.Palavras chave: Concreto; durabilidade; material de proteção superficial; resistividade elétrica.ABSTRACTThe durability of concrete structures is a result of the protective action of concrete on the reinforcement. When there is no passivation of steel, the structure becomes vulnerable to corrosion, and once corrosion starts its propagation is essentially controlled by the electrical resistivity of concrete. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in electrical resistivity of concretes produced with different types of cement: CP II F, CP IV and CP V that were surface-treated with pore filler and polymer mortar. For analysis purposes, the results were compared with those of the blanks that were not subjected to surface treatment. These treatments were performed in concretes with the following compressive strengths at the age of 28 days: 21.6 MPa, 26.6 MPa and 31.6 MPa. For all types of cement used and strengths adopted, surface treatment with polymer mortar led to higher electrical resistivity values.Key words: Concrete; durability; surface protection material; electrical resistivity.

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Yoon, In-Seok y Chun-Ho Chang. "Effect of Chloride on Electrical Resistivity in Carbonated and Non-Carbonated Concrete". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 18 (9 de septiembre de 2020): 6272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186272.

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The resistivity of a concrete structure exposed to chloride ions indicates the risk of early corrosion damage, because a low resistivity is related to rapid chloride penetration and to a high corrosion rate. Concrete resistivity is a geometry-independent material property that describes the electrical resistance, which is the ratio between the applied voltage and resulting current in a unit cell. The current is carried by ions dissolved in the pore liquid. While some data exist on the relationship between the moisture content and electrical resistivity of concrete, very little research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of chloride on the conduction of electricity through carbonated and non-carbonated concrete. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of chloride concentration on the surface electrical resistivity measurement of carbonated and non-carbonated concrete. Chloride concentration had influenced the resistivity of concrete and the relationship showed a linear function. However, for concrete under the combined deterioration of carbonation and chlorides, a reduction in porosity due to the carbonation had a greater effect on the electrical resistivity than the increase in conductivity due to the chloride ions. Conclusively, this paper suggested the quantitative solution to depict the electrical resistivity of concrete with various chloride concentrations.

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Azarsa, Pejman y Rishi Gupta. "Electrical Resistivity of Concrete for Durability Evaluation: A Review". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8453095.

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Degradation processes in reinforced concrete structures that affect durability are partially controlled by transport of aggressive ions through the concrete microstructure. Ions are charged and the ability of concrete to hold out against transfer of ions greatly relies on its electrical resistivity. Hence, a connection could be expected between electrical resistivity of concrete and the deterioration processes such as increase in permeability and corrosion of embedded steel. Through this paper, an extensive literature review has been done to address relationship between concrete electrical resistivity and its certain durability characteristics. These durability characteristics include chloride diffusivity and corrosion of reinforcement as these have major influence on concrete degradation process. Overall, there exists an inverse or direct proportional correlation between these parameters. Evaluated results, from measuring the concrete electrical resistivity, can also be used as a great indicator to identify early age characteristics of fresh concrete and for evaluation of its properties, determination of moisture content, connectivity of the micropores, and even condition assessment of in-service structures. This paper also reviews and assesses research concerning the influential parameters such as environmental conditions and presence of steel rebar and cracks on measuring electrical resistivity of concrete. Moreover, concrete resistivity concept, application, and its various measurement techniques are introduced.

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9

Medeiros-Junior, Ronaldo Alves de, Guilherme da Silva Munhoz y Marcelo Henrique Farias de Medeiros. "Correlations between water absorption, electrical resistivity and compressive strength of concrete with different contents of pozzolan". Revista ALCONPAT 9, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2019): 152–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v9i2.335.

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This research confronts the following concrete properties: water absorptions (by immersion and capillarity), electrical resistivity and compressive strength. Concrete mixtures with two types of cement were tested. Results showed that concretes with higher content of pozzolan had higher resistivity and greater absorption by capillarity, for water/cement ratios lower than 0,60. This behavior is attributed to reduced pore diameters and microstructure densification. However, for water/cement ratio of 0,60, concrete with lower content of pozzolan presented higher absorption by capillarity. It was observed that the compressive strength and the electrical resistivity behaved inversely proportional to the water/cement ratio, and the absorption by immersion and capillarity are directly proportional to the water/cement ratio. Correlations with high determination coefficients were found between tests.

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Zhou, Renzhan, Qiang Li, Jiandong Wang, Kewen Zhou, Rui He y Chuanqing Fu. "Assessment of Electrical Resistivity and Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient of Cementitious Materials from Microstructure Features". Materials 14, n.º 12 (8 de junio de 2021): 3141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123141.

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A newly proposed modified non-contact electrical resistivity measurement was used to test the resistivity of concrete and cement mortar. The oxygen diffusion coefficients of concrete and mortar were determined by a gas diffusion measurement, and the capillary porosity of concrete and cement mortar was measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) measurement. The obtained electrical resistivity and capillary porosity results were verified with other researchers’ data, the measured electrical resistivity results can be estimated by a simple equation from the capillary porosity results. The obtained oxygen diffusion coefficient results were quantitatively correlated with capillary porosity and electrical resistivity measurement results. The proposed equations can be practically used to assess the electrical resistivity and oxygen diffusion coefficient.

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Wan Masra, Sharifah Masniah, Norsuzailina Mohamed Sutan, A. K. Keran y N. D. Matudin. "Electrical Resistivity of Cement Based Materials". Applied Mechanics and Materials 833 (abril de 2016): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.833.102.

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Electrical resistivity (ER) of cement based materials (CBM) is an important measurement that indirectly relates to the durability of CBM. This study investigates the correlation between ER of CBM namely concrete with water-to-cement (w/c). As one of CBM hydration parameters w/c is an important parameter that contributes to variations of ER. The results of this study showed that different w/c can be used as indication for the setting characteristics as well as the pore structure of the concrete. ER is obtained by applying current into the concrete and measuring the response voltage during concrete hydration period of 28 days. Two aspects were also being considered in this study: (i) test specimen size and (ii) spacing between the probes. Results show the direct correlation between ER and test specimen sizes and spacing between the probes.

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de Bem, Diogo Henrique, Daniel Petzold Barbosa Lima y Ronaldo A. Medeiros-Junior. "Effect of chemical admixtures on concrete’s electrical resistivity". International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation 36, n.º 2 (14 de mayo de 2018): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-11-2017-0058.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to verify the influence of superplasticizer and air entrainment admixtures (AEs) in the electrical resistivity of concrete.Design/methodology/approachTen different types of concrete have been studied. Three levels of superplasticizer and air AEs have been used (0.20, 0.35 and 0.50 per cent). Concrete samples were cast and the electrical resistivity was monitored at the ages of 28, 63 and 91 days. Compressive strength and density tests have also been executed.FindingsThe superplasticizer admixture presented an optimal level of 0.35 per cent that significantly increased the electrical resistivity. The air AEs at the same dosage caused a considerable decrease in the electrical resistivity. The concrete with air AEs showed highest resistivity/MPa ratio.Research limitations/implicationsThe results should be carefully extrapolated for other materials and admixtures.Practical implicationsThe usage of chemicals admixture in concrete is extremely common nowadays. However, only a few authors have studied the impact of such materials on the concrete’s electrical resistivity. Since many other researchers have already correlated electrical resistivity with other concrete’s properties, such as strength, setting time and corrosion probability, it is important to better understand how superplasticizers and air-entraining agents, for instance, impact the resistivity.Originality/valueThe vast majority of studies only tested the resistivity of cement paste or mortar and usually for short period of time (up to 28 days), which seems not to be adequate since the cement reaction continues after that period. This paper fills this gap and studied the impact of admixture on concrete and for a period of 91 days.

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Lim, Tze Yang Darren, Bahador Sabet Divsholi y Susanto Teng. "In Situ Inspection of Ultra Durable Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity Technique". Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (octubre de 2011): 1989–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1989.

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In today’s rapid construction, a reliable method for quick evaluation of concrete quality during construction is very important. The compressive strength of concrete has been used to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete; however compressive strength may not represent the durability of concrete. Rapid Chloride Migration Test (RCMT) and electrical resistivity can be used to evaluate the durability of concrete. Obtaining the coefficient of chloride diffusivity from RCMT usually requires a testing duration of 24 hours or less for normal strength concrete. With the inclusion of supplementary cementitious materials and lower water/cementitious ratio to achieve a higher strength and more durable concrete, testing of the concrete becomes an elaborate affair which might takes at least four to five days of testing. Electrical resistivity technique has been used to evaluate the quality of normal strength concrete. However the suggested classification of concrete quality is not applicable to ultra durable concrete. In this work, the effectiveness of using the concrete resistivity test results from electrical resistivity technique is studied. With the use of direct and four points Wenner probe methods, the concrete resistivity results were obtained and compared with the coefficient of chloride diffusivity from RCMT. Six mixes of three different grades with the inclusion of 30% granulated ground blast-furnace slag and 10% undensified silica fume were designed and tested; and high correlation coefficients (>0.94) for all the mixes were achieved. This represents the effectiveness of using the electrical resistivity technique to carry out fast and accurate in-situ test to determine the quality of the ultra durable concrete.

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Arredondo-Rea, S., R. Corral-Higuera, J. Gómez-Soberón, D. Gámez-García, J. Bernal-Camacho, C. Rosas-Casarez y M. Ungsson-Nieblas. "Durability Parameters of Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete: Case Study". Applied Sciences 9, n.º 4 (13 de febrero de 2019): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040617.

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Recycled concrete aggregate (RA) from pavement demolition was used to make concrete. Ten concrete mixtures with different replacement percentages of RA (coarse and fine) were made. The corrosion rate of steel and the electrical resistivity of concrete were determined on reinforced concrete specimens subjected to wetting-drying cycles (3.5% solution of NaCl). Corrosion rate was determined using the electrochemical technique of linear polarization resistance, while the electrical resistivity was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the use of RA introduces more interfaces in concrete, which accelerates the steel corrosion process because the porosity increases and the electrical resistivity decreases. However, steel corrosion and the electrical resistivity in concrete are not significantly influenced by replacing a maximum 30% of coarse aggregate or 20% of fine aggregate with RA.

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Villagrán Zaccardi, Yury A. y Ángel A. Di Maio. "Electrical resistivity measurement of unsaturated concrete samples". Magazine of Concrete Research 66, n.º 10 (mayo de 2014): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00207.

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Molodtsov, M. V. y V. E. Molodtsova. "Electrical resistivity of steel fiber reinforced concrete". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 451 (14 de diciembre de 2018): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/451/1/012079.

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Molodtsov, M. V. y V. E. Molodtsova. "Electrical resistivity of steel fiber reinforced concrete". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 451 (14 de diciembre de 2018): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/451/1/012079.

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Cosoli, Gloria, Alessandra Mobili, Francesca Tittarelli, Gian Marco Revel y Paolo Chiariotti. "Electrical Resistivity and Electrical Impedance Measurement in Mortar and Concrete Elements: A Systematic Review". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 24 (21 de diciembre de 2020): 9152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249152.

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This paper aims at analyzing the state-of-the-art techniques to measure electrical impedance (and, consequently, electrical resistivity) of mortar/concrete elements. Despite the validity of the concept being widely proven in the literature, a clear standard for this measurement is still missing. Different methods are described and discussed, highlighting pros and cons with respect to their performance, reliability, and degree of maturity. Both monitoring and inspection approaches are possible by using electrical resistivity measurements; since electrical resistivity is an important indicator of the health status of mortar/concrete, as it changes whenever phenomena modifying the conductivity of mortar/concrete (e.g., degradation or attacks by external agents) occur, this review aims to serve as a guide for those interested in this type of measurements.

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Wang, Hua, Hong Guang Ji y Hua Cheng. "Experimental Study on Electrical Conductivity of Steel Fiber Concrete under Uniaxial Compression". Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (septiembre de 2011): 918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.918.

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Concrete is a key support material of underground chamber, its stress state is important parameter that can characterize the stability of underground chambers. The changing rule of the electrical conductivity of C50 steel fiber concrete in relation to the changes of the current, voltage and pressure was studied experimentally. And resistivity-stress regression equations of the concrete was fitted with much high correlation coefficient. Research results show that: (1) within the framework of elastic deformation, the electrical conductivity of concrete increases with the strengthening pressure (i.e., the concrete resistivity decreases with increasing pressure); (2) there exists the good correlation between the resistivity and pressure of the concrete; (3) given the certain pressure, the conductivity of the concrete is to some extent unaffected by voltage and current.

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Veselý, Václav, Petr Konečný, Petr Lehner, Přemysl Pařenica, Jan Hurta y Libor Žídek. "Investigation of Fracture and Electrical Resistivity Parameters of Cementitious Composite for their Utilization in Deterioration Models". Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (septiembre de 2013): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.265.

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The paper is focusing on the investigation of the effective crack length obtained from bending test on concrete notched beams with the complementary measurements of electrical resistivity of the tested concrete. The electrical resistivity measurements are performed on several stages of the fracture process along the specimen ligament for each tested notched beam. Gained results of the concrete resistivity during the fracture process, i.e. its dependence on the crack length or opening, provide information which should be taken into account in structural durability analyses. The fracture tests are conducted for a set of specimens differing in the notch length. Changes of the concrete resistivity with increasing effective crack length are observed and discussed.

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Hedjazi, Saman y Daniel Castillo. "Effect of fiber types on the electrical properties of fiber reinforced concrete". Materials Express 10, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2020): 733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1679.

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Using fibers in concrete, has been recognized as a practical method to improve concrete properties such as reduction in crack development and higher resistance against impact and abrasion. Dry cementitious material exhibits very high electrical resistivity. However, fibers can significantly decrease the electrical resistivity of concrete which affects its insulating nature and has negative effects on concrete properties such as durability and also in special cases such as rail road ties production. In this paper the effect of steel, glass, and nylon fiber on the electrical properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is investigated. Six different fiber volume fractions (Vf) (0.10% vol., 0.25% vol., 0.50% vol., 0.75% vol., 1.00% vol., 1.50% vol.) and several water-to-cement ratios (w/c) were considered as the main variables in the present study. In order to test the electrical properties of FRC, 100 mm × 200 mm cylinders were casted, cured and tested. The four point technique was used for measuring the surface electrical resistivity of concrete after curing in water for 3, 7, 28, and 44 days. Additionally, the compressive strength of each specimen was determined experimentally using the Compression Test Machine. The results revealed that the electrical resistivity of FRC decreases with an increase in fiber content but different types of fibers have different electrical effects on concrete. The effects of different volume fractions of three fiber types, together with different concrete mix proportions are presented and discussed.

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Lai, Yong, Yan Liu y Dao Xun Ma. "The Influence of Preparation Method and Electrode on Properties of Carbon Fiber Electrically Conductive Concrete". Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (julio de 2014): 1035–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1035.

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This paper studied the influence of preparation method and electrode on properties of carbon fiber electrically conductive concrete by testing flexural strength and electrical resistance. Carbon fiber electrically conductive concrete is prepared by using dry mix method and wet mix method, the electrodes of which are stainless steel mesh and stainless steel sheet. The results show that the wet mix method of carbon fiber electrically conductive concrete is better than the dry mix method. The stainless steel sheet used as electrode in electrically conductive concrete is better than the stainless steel mesh. The long-term electrical resistivity of carbon fiber electrically conductive concrete is a constant value.

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Hong, Se-Hee, Tian-Feng Yuan, Jin-Seok Choi y Young-Soo Yoon. "Effects of Steelmaking Slag and Moisture on Electrical Properties of Concrete". Materials 13, n.º 12 (12 de junio de 2020): 2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122675.

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Strain sensors can indicate the conditions of concrete structures, but these sensors are only capable of measuring local behaviors of materials. To solve this problem, researchers have introduced conductive materials that can monitor the overall behavior of concrete structures. Steelmaking slag, which contains large amounts of iron oxide (Fe2O3), is conductive, and researchers have considered the addition of this material to improve concrete monitoring. In this study, mechanical and electrical properties of concrete containing steelmaking slag as a binder were evaluated. As the incorporation of steelmaking slag increased, the setting times were delayed, but the compressive strengths were similar within the replacement ratio of 15%. It was found that the addition of steelmaking slag with Fe2O3, the main ingredient of magnetite (Fe3O4), improved the electrical resistivity, piezoresistivity, and sensitivity of the concrete. Drying of the concretes resulted in an increase in electrical resistance and fractional change in resistivity (FCR). Expansion of steelmaking slag, due to contacting of free CaO and moisture under repeated loads, resulted in cracks in the concrete and affected the gauge factor (GF). This study demonstrates the possibility that the addition of steelmaking slag as a binder may provide an economical and environmentally-friendly solution to concrete strain monitoring.

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Ribeiro, D. V., J. A. Labrincha y M. R. Morelli. "Effect of red mud addition on the corrosion parameters of reinforced concrete evaluated by electrochemical methods". Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 5, n.º 4 (agosto de 2012): 451–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952012000400004.

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Red mud, the main waste generated in aluminum and alumina production from bauxite ore by the Bayer process, is considered "hazardous" due to its high pH. The high pH also provides greater protection of rebars, which is reflected in the low corrosion potential and high electrical resistivity (filler effect) of concrete. The corrosion potential was monitored by electrochemical measurements and the electrical resistivity was evaluated using sensors embedded in concrete test specimens. The results showed that the addition of red mud is beneficial to concrete, reducing its corrosion potential and increasing its electrical resistivity. Red mud proved to be a promising additive for concrete to inhibit the corrosion process.

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Landa-Ruiz, Laura, Aldo Landa-Gómez, José M. Mendoza-Rangel, Abigail Landa-Sánchez, Hilda Ariza-Figueroa, Ce Tochtli Méndez-Ramírez, Griselda Santiago-Hurtado, Victor M. Moreno-Landeros, René Croche y Miguel Angel Baltazar-Zamora. "Physical, Mechanical and Durability Properties of Ecofriendly Ternary Concrete Made with Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash and Silica Fume". Crystals 11, n.º 9 (24 de agosto de 2021): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11091012.

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In the present investigation, the physical, mechanical and durability properties of six concrete mixtures were evaluated, one of conventional concrete (CC) with 100% Portland cement (PC) and five mixtures of Ecofriendly Ternary Concrete (ETC) made with partial replacement of Portland Cement by combinations of sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) and silica fume (SF) at percentages of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. The physical properties of slump, temperature, and unit weight were determined, as well as compressive strength, rebound number, and electrical resistivity as a durability parameter. All tests were carried out according to the ASTM and ONNCCE standards. The obtained results show that the physical properties of ETC concretes are very similar to those of conventional concrete, complying with the corresponding regulations. Compressive strength results of all ETC mixtures showed favorable performances, increasing with aging, presenting values similar to CC at 90 days and greater values at 180 days in the ETC-20 and ETC-30 mixtures. Electrical resistivity results indicated that the five ETC mixtures performed better than conventional concrete throughout the entire monitoring period, increasing in durability almost proportionally to the percentage of substitution of Portland cement by the SCBA–SF combination; the ETC mixture made with 40% replacement had the highest resistivity value, which represents the longest durability. The present electrical resistivity indicates that the durability of the five ETC concretes was greater than conventional concrete. The results show that it is feasible to use ETC, because it meets the standards of quality, mechanical resistance and durability, and offers a very significant and beneficial contribution to the environment due to the use of agro-industrial and industrial waste as partial substitutes up to 50% of CPC, which contributes to reduction in CO2 emissions due to the production of Portland cement, responsible for 8% of total emissions worldwide.

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Li, Dong, Shi Liu y Haiqing Liu. "Effect of Capillary Water Absorption on Electrical Resistivity of Concrete with Coal Gangue Ceramsite as Coarse Aggregates". Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (30 de abril de 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6623808.

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This study intends to access the influence of the capillary action on electrical property of the concrete containing the coal gangue ceramsite. For this purpose, four kinds of concrete samples were prepared; the coal gangue ceramsite was adopted at four volume ratios of 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100%, respectively. The resistivity of the samples was explored using the two-electrode method during the capillary action. The effects of the coal gangue ceramsite contents on capillary water absorption capacity and resistivity of the matrix were verified. The variation of the resistivity of the matrix under the influence of capillary water transmission was analyzed. The results demonstrated that, for the unsaturated concrete, the resistivity of the matrix increased with the increment of the coal gangue ceramsite dosage. The electrical properties of the concrete were affected noticeably by the capillary water absorption of the matrix; the resistivity of the matrix dropped significantly under the capillary suction, which may be attributed to the formation of the new conductive channels caused by the absorbed water. The variation of the resistivity of the concrete under the capillary suction sustained the two-stage reduction curve. The ability of the capillary water absorption of concrete was enhanced with the addition of coal gangue ceramsite, compared to the traditional aggregates concrete, the initial sorptivity, and secondary sorptivity of the matrix increased by 47% and 16% with the 100% content of coal gangue ceramsite. However, during the process of the capillary suction, the resistivity of the coal gangue ceramic concrete was always greater than that of the concrete with traditional crushed aggregates.

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27

Reichling, K., M. Raupach y N. Klitzsch. "Determination of the distribution of electrical resistivity in reinforced concrete structures using electrical resistivity tomography". Materials and Corrosion 66, n.º 8 (27 de agosto de 2014): 763–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.201407763.

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28

Yoon, In-Seok. "Influence of Carbonation of Concrete on Electrical Resistivity". Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection 18, n.º 5 (30 de septiembre de 2014): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2014.18.5.027.

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29

Hornakova, Marie, Petr Konecny, Petr Lehner y Jacek Katzer. "Durability of structural lightweight waste aggregate concrete – electrical resistivity". MATEC Web of Conferences 310 (2020): 00015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031000015.

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While examination of the durability of ordinary concrete mixtures is of interest of many research groups, only limited amount of information is available in terms of lightweight concrete tested under the same conditions. In this case, the durability related to the chloride ion diffusion is investigated on the relatively new type of structural lightweight concrete, which, above all, contains waste material – red ceramics sand, and artificial expanded clay coarse aggregate. Used aggregates were fully soaked before adding into the concrete mixture, so also the internal curing effect is considered in terms of the degradation process. Cylindrical specimens made of plain concrete matrix and with added fibre in various percentage quantities were tested to examine the durability of the mixture by measuring the electrical resistivity. The results are compared to the findings from a similar project. The paper deals with aspects influencing the results of chloride diffusion in concrete.

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30

U., Raghu Babu y Kondraivendhan B. "Corrosion performance of steel reinforcement in concrete admixed with magnesium chloride and sulphate". Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 67, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2020): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-08-2019-2163.

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Purpose Besides with a large amount of Na+ and Cl− ions in seawater, the presence of Mg+2 and SO4−2 ions builds more complex corrosion mechanism. This paper aims to investigate the corrosion of embedded reinforcement in concrete with the environment of both Cl− and SO4−2 anions associated Mg+2 cation. Design/methodology/approach The concrete specimens were prepared by using ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and OPC blended with metakaolin (MK) for water to cementitious material ratio (w/cm) 0.48 and 0.51. The concrete mixes were contaminated with the addition of MgCl2 alone and combined MgCl2 and MgSO4 in mix water. Reinforcement corrosion was evaluated by half-cell potential and corrosion current densities (Icorr) at regular intervals. Moreover, the influence of cementitious material type, salt type and w/cm ratio on electrical resistivity of concrete was also investigated. The statistical models were developed for electrical resistivity as a function of calcium to aluminium content ratio, compressive strength, w/cm ratio and age of concrete. Findings Although the corrosion initiation time increases in the concomitant presence of MgSO4 and MgCl2 as internal source compared to MgCl2, Icorr values are higher in both OPC and MK blended concrete. However, electrical resistivity decreased with addition of MgSO4. MK blended concrete performed better with increased resistivity, corrosion initiation time and decreased Icorr values. Originality/value This study reports statistical distributions for scattered Icorr of rebar in different concrete mixtures. Stepwise regression models were developed for resistivity by considering the interactions among different variables, which would help to estimate the resistivity through basic information.

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31

Tian, Ya Po, Ding Ce Huang y Bo Li. "Monitoring Early Hydration of Concrete with Ground Penetrating Radar". Key Engineering Materials 726 (enero de 2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.726.115.

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A nondestructive method is designed and employed to monitoring the early hydration of concrete mixes. The concrete mixes are prepared with Portland cement content and water to cement ratio 0.45. Retarder (citric acid) and accelerator (triethanolamine) are used to investigate the effects on the hydration process. The variations of dielectric constant and the intensity of reflected EM wave (amplitude) are measured within the frequency of 1.5GHz using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) at 25 °C for each sample from 10min to 3 days after mixing with water. The electric resistivity of Portland cement paste samples is measured using a non-contacting electric resistivity device at 25 °C.The amplitude tested changes sharply corresponding to the changes of microstructure and hydration products in the concrete mix during early hydration. The relative dielectric constant decreases with increasing hydrating time. The electrical resistivity changes in agreement with the dielectric properties. The dielectric properties mainly depend on the electrical properties and water content. The test results of samples in presence of retarder and accelerator shows that the relative dielectric constant decrease slower and faster respectively compared to the plain sample. The effect of these two admixtures can be reflected on the amplitude-time curve. The results demonstrate that the dielectric properties of concrete mix can be used as an effective ways of studying the hydration progress of concrete during hydration.

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32

Medeiros, Ronaldo Alves y Maryangela Geimba Lima. "Influence of Test Specimens Shape on Measurements of Electrical Resistivity of Concrete". Key Engineering Materials 634 (diciembre de 2014): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.479.

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The need to insert the durability factor on dimensioning concrete structures has been stimulating the development of new models to predict the service life of those structures. Among those new models, the use of data from Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is recommended. It is known that electrical resistivity is a parameter related with permeability and, in consequence, with the resistance of the concrete against the intrusion of aggressive agents. Electrical resistivity may be monitored with time by a NDT method, by a low cost and easy execution technique. However, some parameters of this essay need to be further discussed in the literature aiming to standardize this technique. Thus, this study had the goal to verify the influence of test specimen’s shape in measurements of electrical resistivity. In order to that, cylindrical and prismatic test specimens have been molded from a same type of concrete and electrical resistivity was monitored during a period of 120 days. Results show significant differences between the values obtained. Test specimens in cylindrical shape had the higher results. A good correlation between factors was found with R2 higher than 0.94.

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33

Wang, Teng, Xiao Mei Wan, Qi Yu, Zhong Tao Sun y Xiao Han. "Investigation on Electrical Resistance of Chloride Penetration of Alkali Activated Slag Concrete". Materials Science Forum 1036 (29 de junio de 2021): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1036.378.

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Alternating-current method for measuring chloride penetration resistance of concrete, test method for coulomb electric flux and rapid chloride migration coefficient (RCM) were applied to evaluate the resistance of chloride penetration in alkali-activated slag concrete in this paper. At the same time, the applicability of the above three electrical parameters test methods to the alkali slag concrete was discussed. The results show that NaOH activated slag concrete behaves higher resistance to chloride penetration than water glass activated slag concrete. Blend of fly ash increases the porosity of alkali-activated slag concrete and weakens the resistance of chloride penetration. Correlation coefficient between chloride migration coefficient and AC electrical resistivity is 0.99. There are good correlations among the evaluation results of three electrical parameters test methods, and all of them behave sound applicability to alkali-activated slag concrete.

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34

Lu, Shuang, Li Na Zhou y Zheng Wang. "Damage Evolution of Concrete by Electrical Resistivity Monitoring Methods". Applied Mechanics and Materials 796 (octubre de 2015): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.796.85.

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The leaching behavior of hydraulic concrete can’t be neglected for its long-term exposure to surrounding water resulting in irreversible damage to durability, such as strength loss and porosity increase. Given that the coupling effect of leaching and freeze-thaw cycling on the durability of hydraulic concrete especially in severe cold regions is a big challenge. For the quite slow process of natural leaching, electrochemical accelerated leaching method (EALM) was proposed to investigate the damage evolution under two test schemes (scheme one is only leaching for 50 days and scheme two is first 100 rapid freeze-thaw cycles and then leaching for 50 days) designed in this work. The electrical resistivity and calcium oxide dissolution mass were measured through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), namely two-probe method, and EDTA titration method, respectively. Based on electrical resistivity measurement, the measurable damage can be discussed during abovementioned singe and coupled tests. The results indicate that compared with single leaching test, the leaching coupled with the freeze-thaw cycling leads to over 50% electrical resistance loss.

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35

Wang, Shuai. "Study on the Temperature Sensibility of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete (CFRC) Road Material". Key Engineering Materials 891 (6 de julio de 2021): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.891.196.

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The relationship between electrical resistivity and temperature of carbon fiber reinforced concrete ( CFRC) road ma-terial are studied, from which the temperature sensibility of carbon fiber reinforced concrete is discovered, the electrical resistivity of CFRC decreases with increasing temperature and increases with decreasing temperature. The function mechanisms of the tem-perature are also analyzed. Using this property , carbonfiber reinforced concrete can be used as a kind of temperature sensor and self-diagnose the temperature of airfield runways or bridge deck.

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36

Lee, Han Ju y Hong Jae Yim. "Setting Time Evaluation of Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity Measurement". Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 29, n.º 4 (31 de agosto de 2017): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2017.29.4.361.

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37

Hughes, B. P., A. K. O. Soleit y R. W. Brierley. "New technique for determining the electrical resistivity of concrete". Magazine of Concrete Research 37, n.º 133 (diciembre de 1985): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.1985.37.133.243.

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38

Wei, Xiaosheng y Lianzhen Xiao. "Electrical resistivity monitoring and characterisation of early age concrete". Magazine of Concrete Research 65, n.º 10 (mayo de 2013): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.12.00127.

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39

Li, Zongjin, Lianzhen Xiao y Xiaosheng Wei. "Determination of Concrete Setting Time Using Electrical Resistivity Measurement". Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 19, n.º 5 (mayo de 2007): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2007)19:5(423).

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40

Tayebani, Bahareh y Davood Mostofinejad. "Penetrability, Corrosion Potential, and Electrical Resistivity of Bacterial Concrete". Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 31, n.º 3 (marzo de 2019): 04019002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002618.

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41

Chidiac, S. E. y M. Shafikhani. "Electrical resistivity model for quantifying concrete chloride diffusion coefficient". Cement and Concrete Composites 113 (octubre de 2020): 103707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103707.

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42

Gupta, Sumit, Jesus G. Gonzalez y Kenneth J. Loh. "Self-sensing concrete enabled by nano-engineered cement-aggregate interfaces". Structural Health Monitoring 16, n.º 3 (25 de abril de 2016): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921716643867.

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The objective of this study was to design a multifunctional cement composite that could not only bear loads but also possessed electromechanical properties that are sensitive to damage. A mainstream approach is to disperse large quantities of conductive additives in the cement matrix, which can be costly, involve complex procedures, difficult to scale-up, and degrade concrete’s inherent mechanical properties. Instead, this research proposes a new method to design multifunctional and self-sensing concrete, which is achieved by altering the cement–aggregate interface using conductive, nano-engineered coatings. Here, a carbon nanotube–based ink solution was sprayed onto the surfaces of aggregates and then dried to form electrically conductive, thin film-coated aggregates. Then, the film-coated aggregates were used as is for casting concrete specimens. It was demonstrated experimentally that this procedure yielded concrete specimens that were not only conductive but also had electrical properties that varied in response to applied physical damage. An electrical impedance tomography algorithm was also implemented and used for estimating their spatial resistivity distributions. Since the electrical properties at every location of the film-enhanced concrete were sensitive to damage, electrical impedance tomography was able to produce electrical resistivity maps that indicated the locations and severities of damage. Multiple concrete cylinder, plate, and beam specimens were cast and tested for validating the self-sensing properties of film-enhanced concrete and the spatial damage detection capabilities of the electrical impedance tomography algorithm.

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43

Huang, Bo Sheng, Lei Qin, Hong Wei Ren, Zheng Xiao Hua y Kai Ge Tian. "ERT Imaging of Graphite Electrically Conductive Concrete". Key Engineering Materials 680 (febrero de 2016): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.680.388.

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In recent decades, Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) has become a research focus. The application of ERT in practical engineering is still in the research stage, due to the resistivity is very high and not steady, limiting its development. The influencing factors of Graphite Electrically Conductive Concrete (GECC), such as the dosage of graphite, curing age, moisture content and so on, have been analyzed. A set of ERT system of GECC has been proposed and designed based on PXI platform. This paper mainly shows experiments on ERT of GECC structure. The targets given with defects have been used for imaging. By examining, the law of the GECC imaging in different conductivity matrix has been got. Meanwhile, this paper determines the resistivity threshold in the ERT system, and validates the detection accuracy of the model with defects.

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44

Medeiros-Junior, Ronaldo A. y Diogo H. Bem. "Study of the environment factor from Fick’s and electrical resistivity models by simulation of chloride diffusivity prediction". Advances in Structural Engineering 23, n.º 10 (25 de febrero de 2020): 2097–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220906932.

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The penetration of chlorides in concrete is the main reason for the beginning of corrosion in reinforced concrete structures exposed to a marine environment, reducing their service life. This article proposes correlations between the surface chloride content ( Cs) of Fick’s model and the ambient factor ( kCl) of a resistivity model. Literature data for three types of cement were used to simulate chloride diffusivity: (1) CEM I 52.5 R; (2) CEM II/A-P 42.5 R (with 6%–20% of pozzolans); and (3) CEM type II (with 12% of pozzolans and 8% of silica fume). Concretes containing these cements were analyzed for different environmental conditions: atmosphere zone, seawater immersion, and tidal/splash zones. The surface chloride contents were determined by a combination of Fick’s and resistivity models. In this article, it was noticed that the estimated Cs value varies with the exposure class from 0.484% to 0.644% (total chloride concentration by weight of cement). An equation has been proposed to correlate Cs with the ambient factor kCl of the resistivity model.

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45

Hong, Jinpyo, Seokhoon Oh y Eunsang Im. "Stiffness and Cavity Test of Concrete Face Based on Non-Destructive Elastic Investigation". Sustainability 10, n.º 12 (24 de noviembre de 2018): 4389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124389.

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A non-destructive testing (NDT) method was used in a concrete face rockfill dam (CFRD) to identify the condition of the concrete face slab and detect any existing cavities between the concrete face slab and the underlying support layer. The NDT for the concrete face slab was conducted using the impulse response (IR) method and the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method with the application of non-destructive electrodes. Information regarding the dynamic stiffness and average mobility of the concrete was obtained based on the mobility-frequency of the IR method, and cavity detection under the plate structures was analyzed using the two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity section of the ERT method. The results of the IR method showed that zones with low dynamic stiffness and high average mobility were expected to be found in concrete of poor quality and in cavities beneath the concrete face slab. The results of the ERT method showed that zones with high resistivity were expected to be cavities between the concrete face slab and the underlying support layer. As a result, the tendency toward low dynamic stiffness, high average mobility, and high resistivity in both methods implies unstable concrete conditions and the possible occurrence of a cavity. The results of the two methods also showed a good correlation, and it was confirmed that the NDT method was reliable in terms of cavity estimation.

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46

Lehner, Petr y Jacek Gołaszewski. "Relationship of Different Properties from Non-Destructive Testing of Heavy Concrete from Magnetite and Serpentinite". Materials 14, n.º 15 (31 de julio de 2021): 4288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154288.

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Radiation-shielding concrete has been analyzed by several methods of destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT). Concretes made of crushed basalt, magnetite, serpentinite, and two different types of cement (Portland cement CEM I and slag cement CEM III/A) were studied. In this study, we analyzed concrete columns with a height of 1200 mm and a cross-section of 200 × 200 mm2. The top and bottom of the column were analyzed using data from compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, water penetration, and diffusion coefficients derived from the electrical resistivity test. This article presents the properties of fresh concrete and concrete after two years of setting. It was determined how the different ratios of basalt, magnetite, and serpentinite affect the individual measured parameters. Furthermore, correlation relations between individual resulting values were analyzed. It was observed that compressive strength generally does not correlate with other results. The diffusion coefficient correlated well with density and water penetration. Little or no correlation was observed in the diffusion coefficient with compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. The results of the study make it possible to refine the testing of heavy concretes in terms of electrical resistivity, and point to the possible use of NDT methods. The results also show which composition of heavy concrete is better in terms of effective diffusivity.

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47

Liu, Hongbo, Kun Liu, Zhu Lan y Dashuang Zhang. "Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics of Graphite Tailing Concrete". Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (14 de agosto de 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9297628.

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The graphite tailing causes serious environmental pollution, and the pollution problem becomes worse and worse with the increase in graphite demands. This paper focuses on the graphite tailing concrete, which can alleviate the environment problem through utilizing graphite tailings. With the orthogonal experimental design, 16 groups of specimens were designed to investigate the compressive strength of the graphite tailing concrete, and each group had 6 specimens. The significance sequence of the influencing factors for the compressive strength was studied, including the ratio of water to cement, sand ratio, graphite tailings content, and carbon fiber content. The optimal contents of graphite tailings and carbon fiber were obtained from the further experimental study on the electrical characteristics of the graphite tailing concrete, and a regression analysis was conducted to develop the predictive mixture design relationships for the electrical resistivity of the conductive graphite tailing concrete. The experimental results show that the conductive concrete mixture containing graphite tailings and carbon fiber has satisfactory mechanical strength along with well electrical conductivity. With the increase in graphite tailings content, the compressive strength decreases slowly, but the electrical resistivity decreases much more obviously. Predictions with the proposed relationship are in reasonable agreement with experimental results. This study provides references for the graphite tailing utilization alleviating the environment problems.

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48

Udrea, Mihaela Luminița, Vanessa Trăistaru, Ana-Alexandra Sorescu, Mădălina Elena David, Elena Ramona Andrei y Rodica Mariana Ion. "Electrical Resistivity and Moisture Content Measurements for Some Concrete Samples". Proceedings 29, n.º 1 (15 de octubre de 2019): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019029060.

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49

Kim, Min Kyoung, Huy Viet Le y Dong Joo Kim. "Electromechanical Response of Smart Ultra-High Performance Concrete under External Loads Corresponding to Different Electrical Measurements". Sensors 21, n.º 4 (11 de febrero de 2021): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041281.

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This study investigated the electromechanical response of smart ultra-high-performance concretes (smart UHPCs), containing fine steel slag aggregates (FSSAs) and steel fibers as functional fillers, under external loads corresponding to different measurement methods. Regardless of different measurement methods of electrical resistance, the smart UHPCs under compression showed a clear reduction in their electrical resistivity. However, under tension, their electrical resistivity measured from direct current (DC) measurement decreased, whereas that from alternating current (AC) measurement increased. This was because the electrical resistivity, from DC measurement, of smart UHPCs was primarily dependent on fiber crack bridging, whereas that from AC measurement was dependent on tunneling effects.

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50

Reddy, V. Srinivasa, K. Satya Sai Trimurty Naidu, M. V. Seshagiri Rao y S. Shrihari. "Electrical Resistivity and Half-Cell Potential Studies to assess organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors’ effectiveness in concrete". E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401082.

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Very limited guidelines are available on the use of corrosion resistant inhibitors as a constituent material in concrete due to availability of statistics on its corrosion inhibiting efficiency. So the study is conducted on the M25 grade concrete mixed with few selected corrosion inhibitors of organic and non-organic nature to comprehend the impact of these corrosion inhibitors on the conductivity of electricity in these concretes. Based on the other researchers’ work, four well know corrosion inhibitors such as Calcium nitrate, Di-ethanolamine, Sodium nitrite and Hexamine and are chosen for study. Dosages of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% the weight of cement are chosen. Measured electrical resistivity and half-cell potential values of all corrosion inhibitors admixed M25 grade concrete mixes indicates the superior corrosion inhibition ability of calcium nitrate and Di-ethanolamine’s with shows high electrical resistance.

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