Literatura académica sobre el tema "Conference (2003 : Darwin, N.T.)"

List of abstracts and authors:1. Comparative benefits of Atypical antipsychoticsDiana P Morrison2. Evidence-based management of depression in SchizophreniaAndre F Joubert3. Second generation Antipsychotics: An African updateDave Swingler4. The drug management of patients with HIV/Aids in the Mental Health Care setting: A therapeutic challengeDenise White5. New developments in the treatment of Bipolar depressionJospeh R Calabrese6. Dual action antidepressants: Faster onset, more remission, better value?Roger M Pinder7. Antisocial personality disorder: A reviewDonald W Black8. The South African study of stress and health: An overviewDavid R Williams9. Ugliness is in the eye of the beholder: Psychiatric apsects of body image disturbanceDavid Castle10. Over diagnosed or under recognized? Treating ADHDDora Wynchank11. The contagious effects of trauma and their impact on human service organisationsKerry Gibson12. Temporal lobe epilepsy in adolescence - 'Understanding the narrative'Helen Clark13. The effectiveness of treatment programs for Methaqualone (Mandrax) dependenceGreg McCarthy, Nandi Siegfried, Bronwyn Myers14. Community influence on alcohol and marijuanaAlan J Flisher, Robyn Mallett, Gary King, Neo Morojele, Martie Muller, Carl Lombard15. Psychiatric presentations of medical illnessSebastian Akalula16. Imaging of brain function using SpectJames Warwick17. Selected neuropsychological test performances and SSRI usageTheophilus Lazarus18. Comparative effectiveness and safety of antipsychotic treatments for outpatient SchizophreniaFrans Korb, Adel Sadak, Aly Akram, Sunar Birsoz, Abderrahmane Belaid19. Evidence-based mental healthcare - What do you know, think, feel?Nandi Siegfried, George Swingler, Soraya Seedat, Martie Muller, Rachel Churchill, Dan Stein20. Competitions Act - Anti-competitive health care practicesZ Nthakwana21. Unique approach to mental wellness by medical SchemesPetro Kempen22. What happens to my medical aid contribution?Eugene Allers23. Financial issues in a modern private practiceMike Edwards24. Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Uses in brain function research and medical interventionAlan St Clair Gibson25. The Neurochemistry of dreams: Implications for PsychiatryMark Solms26. Tenascin-R expression in the Central Nervvous system of lower vertebratesRuth Jarvis, N-. Hsu, P. Pesheva and D.M. Lang25. Localisation of the Nogo-A receptor in Neronal Lipid raftsEdward Nyatia, D.M. Lang26. Characterising an animal model for early life trauma using time dependent sensitisationJoachim D.K. Uys, Willie M.U. Daniels, Dan J. Stein27. Tolmetin affords protection against Quinoclinic acid induced Neurotoxixity in Rat brainAmichand Dairam, S Daya28. Acetaminophen and aspirin inhibit superoxide anion generation and Lipid Peroxidation, and protect against 1-Methyl-4Phenyl Pyridinim-induced Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity in ratsH. Maharaj, D.S. Maharaj, K. S. Saravanan, K.P. Mohanakumar, S. Daya29. Can exercise provide Neuroprotection in a rat model for Parkinson's disease?M Mabandla, L Kellaway, A St Clair Gibson, M Lambert, V Russell30. Treatment of rapid cycling Bipolar disorderJoseph R. Calabrese31. Depression as a Neurodegenerative Disorder: The need for achieving remissionRoger M Pinder32. Side-effects induced by modern antidepressants- Overview and managementFranco Colin33. The Placebo response in antidepressant clinical trialsRobin Emsley34. Impulse control disorders: An overviewDonald W. Black35. Post traumatic stress disorder: The Wits trauma clinic experienceUgash Subramaney36. Post traumatic stress disorder among recently diagnosed patients with HIV in South AfricaSoraya Seedat, Bo Olley, D J Stein37. Improving outcome in SchizophreniaDiana P Morrison38. Reviewing post Graduate trainingCliff W Allwood39. Ethics in HIV ResearchKeimanthro Moodley40. Improving and maintaining ethical standrads in Psychiatric researchTuviah Zabow=============================================================Posters: Neurosciences section (Presenting author only)1. Blunted Acth response correlates with altered Neurotransmitter function in maternally separatedratsW M U Daniels2. A mechanism for zinc toxicity in Neuroblastoma cellsW M U Daniels3. The effects of Hypericum Perforatum, Quercetin, and Fluoxetine on receptor densities in the Rat BrainL Heiderman4. Trichotillomania and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical and genetic comparisons within a South African populationS M J Hemmings5. Expression of Nogo-A in the amphibian central nervous systemN. J. Hsu6. Biochemical model for inflammation of the brain: The role of iron, transferring and toxiferring in Lipid PeroxidationS J Van Rensburg7. Improvement in Alzheimer's disease patients with antioxidant supplementation over 15 monthsS J Van Rensburg8. The Placebo effect - Is it all in the mind?S J Van Rensburg9. Very low serum iron concentrations in elderly patients with active CarcinomaS J van Rensburg10. Melatonin affords protection against Rotenone-induced NeurotoxicityR John11. Effect of enriched environment on Ca uptake via NMDA receptors into barrel cortex slices of spontaneously HypertensiveratsM Lehohla12. Effects of Methylpenidate in a rat model for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderG. L. S. Lelaka13. 6-Hydroxymelatonin converts Fe (III) to Fe(II) and reduces iron-induced Lipid PeroxidationD S Maharaj14. Metrofinate Potentiates Quinolinic Acid and Potassium Cyanide induced NeurotoxicityA Ramsunder15. The effect of chronic Intra-Amylgdala CRF injections on rat behaviour and HPA-Axis functionL Richter16. Effect of Glutamate in the Prefrontal Cortex of a rat model for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderV Russell17. An investigation into the relationship between Corticosterone and Neuron Cell deathP J Van Vuuren=============================================================41. Blunted Acth response correlates with altered Neurotransmitter function in maternally separated RatsW M U Daniels, C Y Pietersen, M E Carstens, D J Stein42. A mechanism for Zinc Toxicity in NeuroBlastoma CellsW M U Daniels, J Hendricks, R Salie, S J Van Rensburg43. The effects of Hypericum Perforatum, Quercetin and Fluoxetine on receptor densities in the rat brainL Heideman and S Daya44. Trichotillomania and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical and genetic comparisons withn a South African populationS M J Hemmings, C J Kinnear, C Lochner, H Moolman-Smook, D J H Niehaus, V Corfield, D J Stein45. Expression of Nogo-A in the amphibian central nervous systemN. J. Hsu, R Jarvis, D. M. Lang46. Biochemical model for inflammation of the brain: The role of iron, transferring and Toxiferring in Lipid PeroxidationS J Van Rensburg, R T Erasmus, J M van Zyl, D Hon, W M U Daniels, F C V Potocnik, M J Kotze, N J De Villiers, P R Hurly47. Improvement in Alzheimer's Disease patients with antioxidant supplementation over 15 monthsS J van Rensburg, F C V Potocnik, J M Van Zyl, B J Van der Walt, D Hon, A Roos, E Rienhardt, R T Erasmus48. The Placebo effect - Is it all in the mind?S J van Rensburg, R A Emsley, C M Smuts, M Kidd, S Van der Merwe, C C Myburgh, P Oosthuizen, H Bleeker49. Very low serum Iron concentrations in elderly patients with active CarcinomaS J van Rensburg, R Erasmus, D Hon, C Bouwens50. Melatonin affords protection against Rotenone-induced NeurotoxicityR John, S Daya51. Effect of enriched environment on Ca uptake via NMDA Receptors into barrel Cortex slices of spontaneously Hypertensive ratsM Lehohla, V Russell, L Kellaway52. Effects of Methylpenidate in a rat model for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderG. L. S. Lelaka, V. A. Russel, L. A. Kellaway53. 6-Hydroxymelatonin converts Fe (III) to Fe (II) and reduces iron-induced Lipid PeroxidationD S Maharaj, S Daya54. Metrofinate Potentiates Quinolinic Acid and Potassium Cyanide induced NeurotoxicityA Ramsunder, S Daya55. The effect of chronic Intra-Amygdala CRF injections on rat behaviour and HPA-Axis functionL Richter, W Daniels, D J Stein56. Effect of Glutamate in the Prefrontal Cortex of a rat model for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderV Russell, M Lehohla, L Kellaway57. An investigation into the relationship between Corticosterone and Neuron cell deathP J Van Vuuren, J Hendricks, W M U Daniels=============================================================Posters: Psychiatry Section1. Descriptive study of Tardive Dyskinesia in a South African Xhosa populationS Brink2. Alcohol drinking problems at three urban High Schools in UmtataO Alonso Betancourt3. Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse - Demographic, traumatic and clinical signpostsP D Carey4. Inositol in the treatment of Obsessive Compulsive DisorderP D Carey5. A review of factors associated with Suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents admitted to Tygerberg HospitalT Du Plessis6. Psychological and physical outcomes fo elective abortion; Local Anaesthesia vs Intravenous SedationT Ericksen7. Mental health literacy of Human Resource Practitioners in South AfricaC J Hugo8. The importance of a specialized clinic for the care of patients with first episodes of psychosisN Keyter9. Self-report vs Urinary drug screening in Schizophrenia: A pilot studyL Koen10. The effect of aggression on the use of Psychotropics in Schizophrenia: A naturalistic studyH Lategan11. Factor analysis of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in patients with obssessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical and Genetic correlatesC Lochner12. Experiences in obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Trichotillomania: Role of childhood traumaC Lochner13. Delusional systems in Xhosa Schizophrenia SibpairsJ E Muller14. OCD Heteogeneity reflected by lack of Genealogically determined founder effectD J H Niehaus15. The efficacy and tolerbaility of low-dose vs standard dose Haloperidol in first episode Psychosis. A randomised, double-blind studyP P Oosthuizen16. Treatment with low-dose Haloperidol does not protect against Tardive DyskinesiaP P Oosthuizen17. Do healthcare funders discriminate against members on the grounds of mental illness?O Scholtz18. Treatment strategies in patients with Clozaopine-resistant Schizophrenia at Stikland Hospital: A critical evaluation of one optionA Schulte19. Early coadministration of Clonazepam with Paroxetine for generalized social anxiety disorderS Seedat20. Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms in adolescents: A schools' survey in Cape Town (South Africa) and Nairobi (Kenya)S Seedat21. The QTC effects of Thioridazine when used as a second line Anti-psychotic ( at Stikland Hospital)C Seller22. Brain imaging and substance related disordersD J Stein23. Gender differences in trauma exposure & post traumatic stress disorder in a clinic sampleS Suliman24. Assessing the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among clinica at Tygerbeg Academic Hospital and controlsH Van der Bijl25. Pharmacological challenge with a serotonin ID Agonist in alcohol dependenceB Vythilingum26. The treatment of ADHD in adultsW Verbeeck=============================================================58. Descriptive study of Tardive Dyskinesia in a South African Xhosa populationS Brink, D J H Niehaus, L Koen, J E Muller59. Alcohol drinking problems at three Urban High Schools in UmtataO Alonso Betancourt, M Morales Herrera60. Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse - Demographic, traumatic and clinical signpostsP D Carey, J Walker, S Seedat, D J Stein61. Inositol in the treatment of obsessive compulsive DisorderP D Carey, S Seedat, D J Stein62. A review of factors associated with suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents admitted to Tygerberg HospitalT Du Plessis, S M Hawkridge, F H Theron, S A Du Plessis63. Psychological and physical outcomes of elective abortion: Local anaestheisa vs Intravenous sedationT Ericksen, S Seedat, P Labuschagne, D J Stein64. Mental health literacy of Human resource practitioners in South AfricaC J Hugo, H D Vos, D J Stein65. The importance of a specialized clinic for the care of patients with first episodes of psychosisN Keyter, P P Oosthuizen, R A Emsley, H J Turner66. Self-reort vs urinary drug screening in Schizophrenia: A pilot studyL Koen, D J H Niehaus, J E Muller, C Seller, N Keyter67. The effect of aggression on the use of Psychotropics in Schizophrenia: A naturalistic studyH Lategan, L Koen, D J H Niehaus68. Factor analysis of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in patients with obsessive-compulsive Disorder: Clinical and genetic correlatesC Lochner, D J H Niehaus, S M J Hemmings, C J Kinnear, V A Corfield, J C Moolman-Smook, D J Stein69. Experiences in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Trichotillomania: Role of childhood traumaC Lochner, S Seedat, P D Carey, D J Stein70. Delusional systems in Xhosa Schizophrenia SibpairsJ E Muller, D J H Niehaus, L Koen, C Seller, N Keyter, C Laurent, R A Emsley71. OCD Heteogeneity reflected by lack of Genealogically determined founder effectD J H Niehaus, L Endeman, I Bosman, S Hemmings, C Lochner, L Koen, H Moolman-Smook, V A Corfield, D J Stein72. The efficacy and tolerability of low-dose vs standard dose Haloperidol in first episode Psychosis. A randomised, double-blind studyP P Oosthuizen, R A Emsley, H J Turner, N Keyter73. Treatment with low-dose Haloperidol does not protect against Tardive DyskinesiaP P Oosthuizen, R A Emsley, H J Turner, N Keyter74. Do healthcare funders discriminate against members on the grounds of mental illness?O Scholtz, P P Oosthuizen, C Hugo, B Richards75. Treatment strategies in patients with Clozapine resistant Schizophrenia at Stikland Hospital: A critical evaluation of one optionA Schulte, D J H Niehaus, L Koen, J E Muller, P P Oosthuizen, R A Emsley76. Early coadministration of Clonazepam with Paroxetine for generalised Social Anxiety DisorderS Seedat, M B Stein77. Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms in adolescents: A schools' survey in Cape Town (South Africa) and Nairobi (Kenya)S Seedat, C Nyamap, F Njenga, B Vythilingum, D J Stein78. The QTC effects of Thioridazine when used as a second line Antipsychotic (at Stikland Hospital)C Seller, P P Oosthuizen79. Brain imaging and substance related disordersD J Stein80. Gender differences in trauma exposure & post traumatic stress disorder in a clinic sampleS Suliman, S Seedat, F Gxama, J Walker, W Rossouw81. Assessing the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among clinicians at Tygerberg Academic Hospital and controlsH Van der Bijl, P P Oosthuizen82. Pharmacological challenge with a Serotonin ID agonist in alcohol dependenceB Vythilingum, C Wessels, S Maritz, W P Pienaar, D J Stein83. The treatment of ADHD in adultsW Verbeeck

The joint spectral radius of a pair of $2\times 2$ real matrices $(A_{0},A_{1})\in M_{2}(\mathbb{R})^{2}$ is defined to be $r(A_{0},A_{1})=\limsup _{n\rightarrow \infty }\max \{\Vert A_{i_{1}}\cdots A_{i_{n}}\Vert ^{1/n}:i_{j}\in \{0,1\}\}$, the optimal growth rate of the norm of products of these matrices. The Lagarias–Wang finiteness conjecture [Lagarias and Wang. The finiteness conjecture for the generalized spectral radius of a set of matrices. Linear Algebra Appl.214 (1995), 17–42], asserting that $r(A_{0},A_{1})$ is always the $n$th root of the spectral radius of some length-$n$ product $A_{i_{1}}\cdots A_{i_{n}}$, has been refuted by Bousch and Mairesse [Asymptotic height optimization for topical IFS, Tetris heaps, and the finiteness conjecture. J. Amer. Math. Soc.15 (2002), 77–111], with subsequent counterexamples presented by Blondel et al [An elementary counterexample to the finiteness conjecture. SIAM J. Matrix Anal.24 (2003), 963–970], Kozyakin [A dynamical systems construction of a counterexample to the finiteness conjecture. Proceedings of the 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, and the European Control Conference (Seville, Spain, December 2005). IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, pp. 2338–2343] and Hare et al [An explicit counterexample to the Lagarias–Wang finiteness conjecture. Adv. Math.226 (2011), 4667–4701]. In this article, we introduce a new approach to generating finiteness counterexamples, and use this to exhibit an open subset of $M_{2}(\mathbb{R})^{2}$ with the property that each member $(A_{0},A_{1})$ of the subset generates uncountably many counterexamples of the form $(A_{0},tA_{1})$. Our methods employ ergodic theory; in particular, the analysis of Sturmian invariant measures. This approach allows a short proof that the relationship between the parameter $t$ and the Sturmian parameter ${\mathcal{P}}(t)$ is a devil’s staircase.

Many multiple access techniques have been proposed and demonstrated to provide flexible solutions for FTTH network configurations. The performance of this system suffers because of the correlation properties that contribute to a high level of Multiple Access Interference (MAI), low system capacity (users), and lower transmission rate. In this paper, we have proposed Optical CDMA (OCDMA) as a configuration solution for FTTH networks to improve the performance of this type of network. Full Text: PDF References. Z. Mateusz, M. Mariusz, On cost of the uniformity in FTTH network design, Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (2017), 87-90 CrossRef CEDRIC F. LAM, Passive Optical Networks- Principles and Practice, first ed., British Library, USA, 2007. DirectLink M.K. Abdullah, W.T. P'ng, P.W. Lau, E.R. Tee, FTTH access network protection using a switch, Asia Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC), 3(2003) 1219–1222. CrossRef J. Ronnakorn, S. Napat, L. Somkiat, Design and implement of GPON-FTTH network for residential condominium, Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, (2017), 333-339. CrossRef M. BOUREGAA, M. CHIKH-BLED, Comparative Study of Optical Unipolar Codes for Incoherent DS-OCDMA system, International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, 6 (2013) 225-236. CrossRef M. BOUREGAA, M. CHIKH-BLED, The performance of a DS-OCDMA system using Orthogonal Optical Codes (OOC), European Scientific Journal, 9 (2013), 322-335 CrossRef M. Iwase, Y. Ishikawa, T. Komatsu, J. Kasahara, N. Hattori, M. Miura, N. Nakamura, K. Odaka, Optical transceiver modules for gigabit Ethernet PON FTTH systems, Furukawa Review, 28 (2005) 8-10. DirectLink

С целью изучения экстракции сорбиновой кислоты из объектов со сложной матрицей изучено межфазное распределение сорбиновой кислоты в системе сополимер N-винилформамид – 1-винил-3,5-диметилпиразол – хлорид аммония. Рассчитаны коэффициенты распределения и степень извлечения консерванта при различных соотношениях фаз и концентрации раствора сополимера. Установлено влияние рН на экстракцию сорбиновой кислоты, предложен механизм ее взаимодействия с экстрагентом. Определение сорбиновой кислоты в водно-солевой фазе осуществлено методом капиллярного электрофореза в выбранных условиях. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Luk E., Yager M. Konservanty v pishevoy promyshlennosti. Svoistva i primenenie. [Preservatives in the Food Industry. Properties and Application]. Moscow, GIORD Publ., 2003, 256 p. (in Russ.) Mokshina N. Ya., Bykovskiy D. V., Shatalov G. V., Pakhomova O. A. Condensed Matter and Interphases, 2013, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 423-427. URL: http://www.kcmf.vsu.ru/resources/t_15_4_2013_009.pdf (in Russ.) Korenman Ya. I. Koeffitsienty raspredeleniya organicheskix soedineny. Spravochnik. [Distribution Coefficients of Organic Compounds. Handbook]. Voronezh, Voronezh State Un-t Publ., 1992, 336 p. (in Russ.) Mokshina Ya., Bykovskiy D. V., Shatalov G. V., Pakhomova O. A. J. of Analyt. Chem., 2016, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 201-204. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1061934816020106 Shatalov G.V., Luvlinskaya M. S. Pakhomova O. A., Mokshina N. Ya., Kuznetsov V.A. Russian J. of Applied Chem., 2016, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 112-118. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070427216010225 Bykovskiy D. V., Kuznetsov V. A., Mokshina N. Ya., Poyarkova T. N., Shatalov G. V., Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy Khimiya Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya, 2014, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 73-77. (in Russ.) Mokshina N. Ya., Pakhomova O. A., Shatalov G. V., Kosinova I. I. Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy Khimiya Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya, 2019, vol. 62, no. 1. pp. 4-10. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196201.5763 (in Russ.) Bykovskiy D. V., Mokshina N. Ya., Pakhomova O. A., Shatalov G. V., Luvlinskaya M. S. «Polymers-2017», Proceedings of the VII Rus. Kargin Conference, June 13-17, 2017, Moscow, 2017, p. 262. (in Russ.) Kirsh Yu. E. Poli-N-vinilpirrolidon i drugie poli-Nvinilamidy [Poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone and other poly-N-vinyl amides]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1998, 254 р. (in Russ.) Korenman J. I., Zykov A.V., Mokshina N. I., Bykovskiy D. V., Shatalov G. V. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2011, vol. 85, no. 11, pр. 2000-2004. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036024411110185 Kartsova L. A. Problems of Analytical Chemistry. 18. Capillary Electrophoresis. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2014, 438 p. (in Russ.)

A wavelength resolved measurement technique used in neutron imaging applications is known as energy-resolved neutron transmission imaging. This technique of reconstructing residual strain maps provides high spatial resolution measurements of strain distribution in polycrystalline materials from sets of Bragg edge measurement images. Strain field reconstructions obtained from both triangular and quadrilateral finite element meshes are compared. The reconstruction is approached via a least square method and relies on the inversion of the longitudinal ray transform, which has uniqueness issues. References B. Abbey, S. Y. Zhang, W. J. J. Vorster, and A. M. Korsunsky. Feasibility study of neutron strain tomography. Proc. Eng., 1:185–188, 2009. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2009.06.043. R. Aggarwal, M. H. Meylan, B. P. Lamichhane, and C. M. Wensrich. Energy resolved neutron imaging for strain reconstruction using the finite element method. J. Imag., 6(3):13, 2020a. doi:10.3390/jimaging6030013. R. Aggarwal, M. H. Meylan, C. M. Wensrich, and B. P. Lamichhane. Finite element approach to Bragg edge neutron strain tomography. In B. Lamichhane, T. Tran, and J. Bunder, editors, Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Computational Techniques and Applications Conference, CTAC-2018, volume 60 of ANZIAM J., pages C279–C294, June 2020b. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v60i0.14054. M. E. Fitzpatrick and A. Lodini. Analysis of residual stress by diffraction using neutron and synchrotron radiation. CRC Press, 2003. URL https://www.routledge.com/Analysis-of-Residual-Stress-by-Diffraction-using-Neutron-and-Synchrotron/Fitzpatrick-Lodini/p/book/9780367446802. A. W. T. Gregg, J. N. Hendriks, C. M. Wensrich, A. Wills, A. S. Tremsin, V. Luzin, T. Shinohara, O. Kirstein, M. H. Meylan, and E. H. Kisi. Tomographic reconstruction of two-dimensional residual strain fields from Bragg-edge neutron imaging. Phys. Rev. Appl., 10:064034, Dec 2018. doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.064034. J. N. Hendriks, A. W. T. Gregg, C. M. Wensrich, A. S. Tremsin, T. Shinohara, M. Meylan, E. H. Kisi, V. Luzin, and O. Kirsten. Bragg-edge elastic strain tomography for in situ systems from energy-resolved neutron transmission imaging. Phys. Rev. Mat., 1:053802, 2017. doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.1.053802. E. H. Kisi and C. J. Howard. Applications of neutron powder diffraction, volume 15 of Neutron Scattering in Condensed Matter. Oxford University Press, 2012. URL https://global.oup.com/academic/product/applications-of-neutron-powder-diffraction-9780199657421. W. R. B. Lionheart and P. J. Withers. Diffraction tomography of strain. Inv. Prob., 31:045005, 2015. doi:10.1088/0266-5611/31/4/045005. C. C. Paige and M. A. Saunders. LSQR: An algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares. ACM Trans. Math. Software, 8:43–71, 1982. doi:10.1145/355984.355989. J. R. Santisteban, L. Edwards, M. E. Fitzpatrick, A. Steuwer, P. J. Withers, M. R. Daymond, M. W. Johnson, N. Rhodes, and E. M. Schooneveld. Strain imaging by Bragg edge neutron transmission. Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res., 481:765–768, 2002. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01256-6. T. Shinohara and T. Kai. Commissioning start of energy-resolved neutron imaging system, RADEN in J-PARC. Neut. News, 26(2):11–14, 2015. doi:10.1080/10448632.2015.1028271. T. Shinohara, T. Kai, K. Oikawa, M. Segawa, M. Harada, T. Nakatani, M. Ooi, K. Aizawa, H. Sato, T. Kamiyama, H. Yokota, T. Sera, K. Mochiki, and Y. Kiyanagi. Final design of the energy-resolved neutron imaging system RADEN at J-PARC. J. Phys., 746, 2016. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/746/1/012007. A. S. Tremsin, J. B. McPhate, W. Kockelmann, J. V. Vallerga, O. H. W. Siegmund, and W. B. Feller. High resolution Bragg edge transmission spectroscopy at pulsed neutron sources: proof of principle experiments with a neutron counting MCP detector. Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res., 633:S235–S238, 2011. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.176. R. Woracek, J. Santisteban, A. Fedrigo, and M. Strobl. Diffraction in neutron imaging—A review. Nucl. Inst. Meth. Phys. Res., 878:141–158, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.07.040.

The uniform scattered fields of the cylindrical wave from a parabolic surface are obtained with the theory of the boundary diffraction wave (TBDW). The non-uniform diffracted field is calculated with the regenerated vector potential and rearranged by considering the Fresnel function to obtain the uniform solution. The uniform scattered fields are calculated as the sum of the diffracted and the geometrical optic fields. The numerical analyses of the diffracted and scattered fields in both uniform and non-uniform solutions are in harmony with the literature. Full Text: PDF ReferencesBaker, B. B., Copson, E. T., The mathematical theory of the Huygens' principles, 2nd Edition, Oxford Press, (1950). DirectLink Lit, J. W. Y. "Boundary Diffraction Waves due to a General Point Source and Their Applications to Aperture Systems" J. Modern Opt., 19, 1007 (1972). CrossRef Otis, G., "Application of the Boundary Diffraction Wave Theory to Gaussian Beams", J. Opt. Soc. Am., 64, 1545 (1974). CrossRef Ganci, S., "Boundary Diffraction Wave Theory for Rectilinear Apertures", Eur. J. Phys., 18, 229 (1997). CrossRef Longhurst, R. S., Geometrical and Physical Optics, 2nd Edition, Longmans [London], (1968). DirectLink Maggi, G. A., "Sulla Propagazione Libra e Perturbata delle Onde Luminose in un Mezzo Izotropo", Ann. di Mat. IIa, 16, 21 (1888).Rubinowicz, A., "Die Beugungswelle in der Kirchoffschen Theorie der Beugungsercheinungen", Ann. Physik, 4, 257 (1917). CrossRef Miyamoto, K. and Wolf, E., "Generalization of the Maggi-Rubinowicz Theory of the Boundary Diffraction Wave Part I", J. Opt. Soc. Am., 52, 615 (1962). CrossRef Miyamoto, K., Wolf, E., "Generalization of the Maggi-Rubinowicz Theory of the Boundary Diffraction Wave Part II", J. Opt. Soc. Am., 52, 626 (1962). CrossRef Born, M. and Wolf, E. Principles of Optics Seventh edition, Cambridge Univ. Press, (1999). CrossRef Alt?ngöz, C., Yalç?n, U. "Calculation of the Diffracted Waves from the Edge of an Opaque Cut Cylinder by the Boundary Diffraction Wave Theory", Journal of the Faculty of Eng. and Arch. of Gazi University, 28, 85, (2013). CrossRef Yalç?n, U. "Yutucu Yar?m Düzlemin Kenar?ndan K?r?nan Üniform Alanlar?n S?n?r K?r?n?m Dalgas? Teorisi ile Hesab?", Çankaya Üniversitesi 2.Müh. ve Tek. Sempozyumu, (2009). (In national language) CrossRef Lee, S. W. and G. A. Deschamps, \A uniform asymptotic theory CrossRef Lee, S. W., "Comparison of uniform asymptotic theory and Ufimtsev's theory of electromagnetic edge diffraction," IEEE Trans. Antennas & Propagat., Vol. 25, 162-170, 1977. CrossRef Yalç?n, U., "Uniform Scattered Fields of the Extended Theory of Boundary Diffraction Wave for PEC Surfaces", PIER M, 7, 29, (2009) DirectLink Yalç?n, U., "Analysis of Diffracted Fields with the Extended Theory of the Boundary Diffraction Wave for Impedance Surfaces", Appl. Opt., 50, 296 (2011). CrossRef Sarn?k, M., Yalç?n, U., "Uniform scattered fields from a perfectly conducting parabolic reflector with modified theory of physical optics", Optik-International J. for Light and Electron Opt., 135, 320 (2017). CrossRef Sarn?k, M., Yalç?n, U., "Modified theory of physical optics and solution for scattering fields from a perfectly conducting parabolic reflector", 16th Int. Conference on Math. Met. in Electromagnetic T. (MMET), July 5-7, Ukraine, 349 (2016). CrossRef Umul, Y. Z., Yalç?n, U. "Asymptotic Evaluation of The Edge Diffraction In Cylindric Paraboloidal Surface Antennas", Mathematical & Computational App., 8, 143 (2003). CrossRef Yalç?n, U., "Scattering from a cylindrical reflector: modified theory of physical optics solution", J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 24, 502 (2007). CrossRef

Analysis of optical structures that can work for broadband range of THz radiation is the aim of this article. Such structures can be designed as kinoforms of higher order or elements with extended depth of focus, like axicons or light sword elements. The theoretical and experimental comparison of different optical elements for three significantly different frequencies is performed. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. C. Kemp, P.F. Taday, B.E. Cole, J.A. Cluff, A.J. Fitzgerald, W.R. Tribe, "Security applications of terahertz technology", International Society for Optics and Photonics, 5070, pp. 44-53 (2003). CrossRef D. Yavorskiy, J. Marczewski, K. Kucharski, et al., "THz Scanner Based on Planar Antenna-Supplied Silicon Field-Effect Transistors", Photonics Letters of Poland, 4(3), 100-102 (2012). CrossRef A.A. Angeluts, A.B. Gapeyev, M.N. Esaulkov, et al., "Study of terahertz-radiation-induced DNA damage in human blood leukocytes", Quantum Electronics, 44(3), 247 (2014). CrossRef Q. Sun, Y. He, K. Liu, S. Fan, E.P. Parrott, E. Pickwell-MacPherson, "Recent advances in terahertz technology for biomedical applications", Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 7(3), 345 (2017). CrossRef J. Suszek, A. Siemion, M. Bieda, et al., "3-D-Printed Flat Optics for THz Linear Scanners", IEEE Thz Sci. T. 5, (2015). CrossRef M. Naftaly, R. Dudley, "Methodologies for determining the dynamic ranges and signal-to-noise ratios of terahertz time-domain spectrometers", Optics Letters, 34(8), 1213-1215 (2009). CrossRef C. Bruckner, G. Notnia, and A. Tünnermann, "Optimal arrangement of 90° off-axis parabolic mirrors in THz setups", Optik, 121, 1 (2010). CrossRef J. Richter, A. Hofmann, L.-P. Schmidt, "Dielectric Wide Angle Lenses for Millimeter-Wave Focal Plane Imaging", Proc. of the 31st European Microwave Conference, London, UK (2001). CrossRef E.D. Walsby, S. M. Durbin, D.R S. Cumming, R.J. Blaikie, "Analysis of silicon terahertz diffractive optics", Curr. App. Phys., 4, (2004). CrossRef J.A. Jordan Jr et al, Appl Opt., 9(8), 1883-1887 (1970) CrossRef J.C. Marron, D.K. Angell, A.M. Tai, "Higher-order kinoforms", International Society for Optics and Photonics, 1211, 62-67 (1990). CrossRef J. Suszek, A.M. Siemion, N. Błocki, M. Makowski, A. Czerwiński, J. Bomba, P. Zagrajek et al., "High order kinoforms as a broadband achromatic diffractive optics for terahertz beams", Optics Express, 22(3), 3137-3144 CrossRef J. Sochacki, A. Kołodziejczyk, Z. Jaroszewicz, S. Bara, "Nonparaxial design of generalized axicons", Applied Optics, 31(25), 5326-5330 (1992). CrossRef A. Kołodziejczyk, S. Bará, Z. Jaroszewicz, M. Sypek, "The Light Sword Optical Element—a New Diffraction Structure with Extended Depth of Focus", Journal of Modern Optics, 37(8), 1283-1286 (1990). CrossRef M. Sypek, "Light propagation in the Fresnel region. New numerical approach", Opt. Commun., 116, 43–48 (1995). CrossRef J.P. Kruth, X. Wang, T. Laoui, L. Froyen, "Lasers and materials in selective laser sintering", Assembly Automation, 23(4), 357-371 (2003). CrossRef

Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterial pathogen that can cause serious reproductive harm. We describe a class of stochastic branching processes and their application in modelling the growth of an infection by Chlamydia. Using simulations we show that the model can reproduce biological phenomena of interest, and we show the variability in outcomes of infections under the same parameter conditions. We further speculate how this model might be used to explain long-term adverse reproductive sequelae. References Y. M. AbdelRahman and R. J. Belland. The chlamydial developmental cycle. FEMS Microbio. Rev., 29(5):949–959, 2005. doi:10.1016/j.femsre.2005.03.002. T. E. Harris. Branching processes. Ann. Math. Stat., 19(4):474–494, 12 1948. doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730146. C. Jacob. Branching processes: Their role in epidemiology. Int. J. Env. Res. Public Health, 7(3):1186–1204, 2019. doi:10.3390/ijerph7031204. N. Low, M. Egger, J. A. C. Sterne, R. M. Harbord, F. Ibrahim, B. Lindblom, and B. Herrmann. Incidence of severe reproductive tract complications associated with diagnosed genital chlamydial infection: The Uppsala women's cohort study. Sexually Trans. Infect., 82(3):212–218, 2006. doi:10.1136/sti.2005.017186. D. Mallet, M. Bagher-Oskouei, A. Farr, D. Simpson, and K. Sutton. A mathematical model of chlamydial infection incorporating movement of chlamydial particles. Bull. Math. Bio., 75:2257–2270, 10 2013. doi:10.1007/s11538-013-9891-9. H. K. Maxion, W. Liu, M.-H. Chang, and K. A. Kelly. The infecting dose of chlamydia muridarum modulates the innate immune response and ascending infection. Infect. Immun., 72(11):6330–6340, 2004. doi:10.1128/IAI.72.11.6330-6340.2004. S. Menon, P. Timms, J. A. Allan, K. Alexander, L. Rombauts, P. Horner, M. Keltz, J. Hocking, and W. M. Huston. Human and pathogen factors associated with chlamydia trachomatis-related infertility in women. Clinic. Microbio. Rev., 28(4):969–985, 2015. doi:10.1128/CMR.00035-15. D. P. Wilson. Mathematical modelling of chlamydia. In J. Crawford and A. J. Roberts, editors, Proc. of 11th Computational Techniques and Applications Conference CTAC-2003, ANZIAM J., volume 45, pages C201–C214, 2004. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v45i0.883. D. P. Wilson and D. L. S. McElwain. A model of neutralization of chlamydia trachomatis based on antibody and host cell aggregation on the elementary body surface. J. Theor. Bio., 226(3):321–330, 2004. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2003.09.010. D. P. Wilson, P. Timms, and D. L. S. McElwain. A mathematical model for the investigation of the Th1 immune response to chlamydia trachomatis. Math. Biosci., 182(1):27–44, 2003. doi:10.1016/S0025-5564(02)00180-3.

Titanium Grade 2 termasuk jenis bahan yang sering dipergunakan di industri, utamanya pada bahan untuk implan biomedis. Titanium Grade 2 mempunyai sifat perbandingan kekakuan terhadap berat yang baik, tahan terhadap korosi dan memiliki sifat biokompatibel yang baik di dalam tubuh. Namun memiliki konduktifitas panas yang rendah, sehingga perlu memilih perameter pemesinan yang tepat untuk menghasilkan nilai kekasaran permukaan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik Titanium Grade 2 yaitu kekasaran permukaan hasil pemesinan frais. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode Taguchi L9, dengan 2 faktor dan 3 level. Parameter pemesinan yang digunakan ialah putaran spindel 500; 700; 900 rpm dan kecepatan pemakanan 25; 50; 75 mm/menit. Variabel respon yang diteliti ialah kekasaran permukaan. Proses frais dilakukan menggunakan Mesin CNC Dahlih. Kekasaran permukaan diukur menggunakan Mitutoyo surface roughess tester. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh variasi parameter pemesinan terhadap respon kekasaran permukaan. Variabel putaran spindel mempunyai p-value sebesar 0,039 dan variabel gerak makan memiliki p-value sebesar 0,025. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua variabel bebas tersebut memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap respon kekasaran permukaan. Kekasaran permukaan terendah dapat dicapai dengan pengaturan putaran spindel sebesar 700 rpm dan kecepatan pemakanan sebesar 25 mm/menit. Kata kunci: titanium grade 2, kekasaran permukaan, frais, anova Daftar RujukanBagno, A., & Di Bello, C. (2004). Surface treatments and roughness properties of Ti-based biomaterials. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSM.0000042679.28493.7fBruce, 2011. (2013). Analisis Kekasaran Permukaan Dan Getaran Pada Pemesinan Bubut Menggunakan Pahat Putar Modular (Modular Rotary Tools) Untuk Material Titanium 6Al-4V Eli. 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В статье кратко изложены основные результаты и перспективные направления изучения ботайской культуры коллективом Международной комплексной казахстанско-британской археологической экспедиции. Особое внимание в статье уделено освещению большой работы, проведенной западными учеными под руководством Алана Оутрама на поселении Ботай по анализу археозоологических, химико-физических и биологических источников из культурного слоя памятника. Библиографические ссылки 1. Зайберт В.Ф. Ботайская культура. Алматы: «КазАкпарат», 2009. 576 с. 2. Захарук Ю.Н. Историзм: проблемы археологии и этнографии // Историзм археологии: методические проблемы: тез. докл. конф. М., 1976. С. 6-10. 3. Левин М. Истоки конного хозяйства на евразийской степи // Поздняя доисторическая эксплуатация евразийской степи. Левин М., Рассамакин Ю., Кисленко А., Татаринцева Н. (ред.). Кембридж: Институт Макдональда, 1999. С. 5-58. 4. Левин М. Изучение критериев раннего приручения лошадей // Следы предков: исследования в честь Колина Ренфрю. Джонс М. (изд.). Кембридж: Институт Макдональда, 2004. С. 115-26. 5. Массон В.М. Основные направления культурно-исторического процесса // Становление производства в эпоху энеолита и бронзы: по материалам Южного Туркменистана. М.: «Наука», 1981. С. 35-48. 6. Токарев С.А. Проблемы типов этнических общностей (к методологическим проблемам этнографии) // Вопросы философии. 1964. № 11. С. 48-59. 7. Хотинский Н.А. Голоцен Северной Евразии: опыт трансконтинентальной корреляции этапов развития растительности и климата (К X Конгрессу YNAUA (Великобритания, 1977); 8). М.: «Наука», 1977. С. 13-16. 8. Чубарьян А.О. Опыт мировой истории и идеологии обновления // Всеобщая история: дискуссии, новые подходы. М., 1989. Вып. 1. С. 7-17. 9. Arnaud F., Poulenard J., Giguet-Covex C., Wilhelm B., Révillon S., Jenny J.P., Revel M., Enters D., Bajard M., Fouinat L., Doyen E. Erosion under climate and human pressures: An alpine lake sediment perspective // Quaternary Science Reviews. 2016. 152. P. 1-18. 10. Bendrey R. New methods for the identification of evidence for bitting on horse remains from archaeological sites // JAS. 2007. 34 (7). P. 1036-1050. 11. French C., Kousoulakou M. Geomorphological and micromorphological investigations of palaeosols, valley sediments and a sunken floored dwelling at Botai, Kazakhstan // Levine M.A., Renfrew C., Boyle K.V. (eds). Prehistoric Steppe Adaptation and the Horse. Cambridge: McDonald Institute, 2003. P. 105-114. 12. Jones M.A., Hunt H.A., Kneale C.A., Lightfoot E.M., Lister D.I., Liu X.I., Motuzaite-Matuzeviciute G.I. Food globalisation in prehistory: The agrarian foundations of an interconnected continent // Journal of the British Academy. 2016. 4. P. 73-87. 13. O’Connell T., Levine M., Hedges R. The importance of fish in the diet of Central Eurasian peoples from the Mesolithic to the Early Iron Age // Levine M., Renfrew C., Boyle K. (eds) Prehistoric Steppe Adaptation and the Horse. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2003. P. 253-268. 14. Olsen S.A., Bradley B., Maki D., Outram A. Community organization among Copper Age sedentary horse pastoralists of Kazakhstan // Peterson D.L., Popova L.M., Smith A.T. (eds) Beyond the steppe and the sown: Proceedings of the 2002 University ofChicago Conference on Eurasian Archaeology. Leiden: Brill, 2006. P. 89-111. 15. Outram A.K., Stear N. A., Bendrey R., Olsen S., Kasparov A., Zaibert V., Thorpe N., Evershed R.P. The earliest horse harnessing and milking // Science. 2009. 323 (5919). P. 1332-1335. 16. Outram A.K. Animal Domestications // Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers. Cumming V., Jordan P., Zvelebil M. (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 749-763. 17. Outram A.K. Pastoralism // The Cambridge World History, Vol. II: A World with Agriculture, 12,000 BCE – 500 CE. Barker G., Goucher C. (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. P. 161-185. 18. Seetah K., Cucchi T., Dobney K., Barker G. A geometric morphometric re-evaluation of the use of dental form to explore population differences in horses (Equus caballus) and its potential zooarchaeological application // JAS. 2014. 41. P. 904-910. 19. Stear N.A. Changing patterns of animal exploitation in the prehistoric Eurasian steppe: an integrated molecular, stable isotope and archaeological approach. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Bristol, 2008.

It is well known that both the yield strength and the tensile strength of a material have significant effect on the failure behavior of pipelines. Thus it can be anticipated that the yield-to-tensile strength (Y/T) is closely related to the strain hardening behavior of the material, and it also influences the failure behavior. This paper theoretically explores the influence of T/Y (the inverse of Y/T) ratio on the failure pressure of pipelines with or without corrosion defects. Based on the instability of deformation and finite strain theory, a plastic collapse criterion for close-ended pipes without corrosion defects is developed first. The constitutive behavior of line pipes is characterized by a power-law strain hardening relation, while the plastic deformation obeys the Mises yield criterion and the associated deformation theory of plasticity. An approximate relationship between the T/Y ratio and the strain hardening exponent n is obtained, and a closed-form solution to the limit pressure of pipe based on T/Y is derived. This plastic instability model is extended to predict the failure pressure of pipelines with corrosion defects, and validated by the PCRI experimental database. The results show that (a) the T/Y ratio is simply proportional to the strain hardening exponent n, which is almost independent of the yield strain and affected by the definition of the yield stress; (b) the failure pressure predicted by the present plastic instability model increases as the T/Y ratio decreases; and (c) as T/Y → 1, the present solution approaches to that predicted by the Mises strength criterion based on the nominal hoop and axial stresses.

One of the challenges in the numerical simulation of a system of particles in a fluid flow is to balance the need for an accurate representation of the flow around individual particles with the feasibility of simulating the fully-coupled dynamics of large numbers of particles. Over the past few years, several techniques have been developed for the direct numerical simulation of dispersed two-phase flows. Examples include the ALE-FEM formulation described by Hu et al. [1] and the DLM method of Patankar et al. [2]. The former uses a finite element mesh that conforms to the shape and position of each particle and evolves dynamically as the particles move, while the latter employs a fixed mesh and constraints are imposed in the volume of fluid occupied by the particle to reproduce a corresponding rigid body motion. In both the aim is to fully resolve the flow dynamics for each particle and there is a corresponding demand for high resolution of the flow. A typical approach used for gas-solid flows has been the point-force method that combines a Lagrangian tracking of individual particles with an Eulerian formulation for force feedback on the fluid flow. The latter approach has worked well for very small particles in systems of negligible void fraction but significant mass loading. The resolution level is very low and often the particles are smaller than the spacing between grid points. Its success comes from the averaging effect of large numbers of small particles and the fact that the influence of an individual particle is weak. The approach though is inaccurate for liquid-solid or bubbly flows when the individual particles are of finite size and the void fractions may easily be larger than 1%. In tracking the individual particles an equation of motion is formulated that relates the particle acceleration to the fluid forces acting on the particle, and these forces such as drag and lift are parameterized in terms of the local fluid velocity, velocity gradients and history of the fluid motion. Once flow modification is included however, it is harder to specify the local flow. The parameterizations also become more complex as effects of finite Reynolds number or wall boundaries are included. As a numerical procedure, the force-coupling method (FCM) does not require the same level of resolution as the DLM or ALE-FEM schemes and avoids the limitations of the point-force method. It gives a self-consistent scheme for simulating the dynamics of a system of small particle using a fixed numerical mesh and resolves the flow except close to the surface of each particle. Distributed, finite force-multipoles are used to represent the particles, and FCM is able to predict quite well the motion of isolated particles in shear flows and the interaction between moving particles. The method also provides insights into how the two-phase flow may be described theoretically and modeled. The idea of the force-coupling method was first introduced by Maxey et al. [3]. The basic elements of the method are given by Maxey & Patel [4] and Lomholt & Maxey [5]. In the basic version of the method, fluid is assumed to fill the whole flow domain, including the volume occupied by the particles. The presence of each particle is represented by a finite force monopole that generates a body force distribution f(x,t) on the fluid, which transmits the resultant force of the particles on the flow to the fluid. The velocity field u(x,t) is incompressible and satisfies ∇·u=0(1)ρDuDt=−∇p+μ∇2u+f(x,t),(2) where μ is the fluid viscosity and p is the pressure. The body force due to the presence of NP bubbles is f(x,t)=∑n=1NpF(n)Δ(x−Y(n)(t)),(3)Y(n)(t) is the position of the nth spherical particle and F(n)(t) is the force this exerts on the fluid. The force monopole for each particle is determined by the function Δ(x), which is specified as a Gaussian envelope Δ(x)=(2πσ2)−3/2exp(−x2/2σ2)(4) and the length scale σ is set in terms of the particle radius a as a/σ = π. The velocity of each particle V(n)(t) is found by forming a local average of the fluid velocity over the region occupied by the particle as V(n)(t)=∫u(x,t)Δ(x−Y(n)(t))d3x.(5) If mP and mF denote the mass of a particle and the mass of displaced fluid, the force of the particle acting on the fluid is F(n)=(mP−mF)(g−dV(n)dt).(6) This force is the sum of the net external force due to buoyancy of the particle and the excess inertia of the particle over the corresponding volume of displaced fluid. In addition a short-range, conservative force barrier is imposed to represent collisions between particles and prevent overlap. A similar barrier force is imposed, normal to the wall, to represent collisions between a particle and a rigid wall. With this scheme the body forces induce a fluid motion equivalent to that of the particles. The dynamics of the particles and the fluid are considered as one system where fluid drag on the particles, added-mass effects and lift forces are internal to the system. The method does not resolve flow details near to the surface of a particle, and indeed the no-slip condition is not satisfied on surface. At distances of about half a particle radius from the surface the flow though is fairly well represented. While there is no explicit boundary condition on the particle surface, the condition (5) ensures that the bubble and the surrounding fluid move together. The method has been applied to a variety of flow problems. Lomholt et al. [6] compared experimental results for the buoyant rise of particles in a vertical channel filled with liquid with results from corresponding simulations with FCM. The particle Reynolds numbers were in the range of 0 to 5 and the results agreed well. The wake-capture and the drafting, kissing and tumbling of pairs of particles, or of a group of three particles were found to match. Comparisons have made too with full direct numerical simulations performed with a spectral element code [7]. Liu et al. [8] examined the motion of particles in a channel at both low and finite Reynolds numbers, up to Re = 10. There was in general good agreement between the FCM results and the DNS for the particle motion, and the flow details were consistent away from the particle surface. There has been extensive work in the past on the sedimentation of particles in a homogeneous suspension, mainly for conditions of Stokes flow. Climent & Maxey [9] have verified that the FCM scheme reproduces many of the standard features found for Stokes suspensions. The results for finite Reynolds numbers illustrate how the structure of the suspension changes as fluid inertia is introduced, in particular limiting the growth in velocity fluctuation levels with system size. Further work has been done by Dance [10] on sedimenting suspensions in bounded containers. Recently we have been studying the dynamics of drag reduction by injecting micro-bubbles into a turbulent channel flow. This has been proven through experiments over the past 30 years to be an effective means for drag reduction but the details of the mechanisms involved have not been determined. Numerical simulations by Xu et al. [11] have shown clear evidence of drag reduction for a range of bubble sizes. A key feature is the need to maintain a concentration of bubbles in the near-wall region. In the talk, the method will be described and example results given. Specific issues relevant to gas-solid flows will be discussed.

The influence of various basic factors of combustion gas flow conditions on the recession rate of silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and alumina has been experimentally clarified, and the recession rate equation is deduced using the dependence of influential factors on the recession rate and the mass transfer theory. The exposure tests are performed under various gas flow conditions (T = 1100–1500 °C, P = 0.3–0.7 MPa, V = 40–250 m/s, PH20 = 30–120 kPa, PO2 = 20–45 kPa). Recession rates mainly depend on water-vapor partial pressure, pressure, gas temperature, and Reynolds number in the gas flow conditions inside the specimen holder. The dependent on oxygen partial pressure is extremely low for silicon nitride and silicon carbide. The recession rates of silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and alumina in combustion gas flow are expressed in the form exp(−E/RT)·(PH20)n· Re0–8/P, and the predicted recession rates of silicon nitride shows good agreement with reported exposure test results under gas turbine conditions.

The Mid-core shroud weld (H4 weld) at a BWR plant was inspected during refueling outages in 1998 (RF06) and 2000 (RF07). A structural margin evaluation considering 2000 inspection results for this weld provided technical justification for continued operation to at least the fuel cycle ending in 2002. IGSCC mitigation measures were implemented during operation through 2002. Therefore, a factor of two improvement in the assumed crack growth rate in the depth direction has been applied for operation between 2002 and 2004. The objectives of this paper are to describe the structural evaluation methodology used and describe the results of the evaluation in support of continued operation of H4 weld to 2004. Structural margins for continued operation of H4 weld to 2004 were evaluated two ways. First, the limit load calculations were conducted for a configuration in which through-wall flaws were assumed in regions where the ID surface fluence in 2004 exceeded 3×1020 n/cm2. Since all of the areas taken credit for had a fluence less than the threshold value of 3×1020 n/cm2, a limit load evaluation constituted a complete structural margin evaluation and no linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) or elastic plastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) evaluations were necessary. Secondly, LEFM and EPFM calculations were conducted for the assumed configuration in which through-wall cracking was assumed where the ID surface fluence exceeded 5×1020 n/cm2. The calculated safety factor for the nominal case was determined to be 4.98, which exceeds the required value of 2.77. To demonstrate structural margin in the LEFM regime, a configuration similar to the limit load nominal case was used except that through-wall cracking was assumed in regions where ID fluence exceeded 5×1020 n/cm2 instead of 3×1020 n/cm2. The calculated value of the highest stress intensity factor was 49.2 ksi√in that is less than the allowable value of 54.2 ksi√in. Additional evaluation with EPFM was also conducted to demonstrate higher available structural margins. The EPFM evaluation was conducted by first determining an equivalent single through-wall flaw to conservatively model the LEFM configuration. The applied J-integral values were calculated using the EPRI ductile fracture handbook. A conservative material J-T curve corresponding to a fluence level of 5×1020 n/cm2 was used in the evaluation. The EPFM evaluation showed the structural margin for this case to be 4.0, which exceeds the required value of 2.77. Based on the results of these limit load, LEFM and EPFM structural margin evaluations, it was concluded that the required structural margins will be maintained at the H4 weld for operation through year 2004.

Analytical life prediction methods have been developed for high temperature turbine and valve bolts. For 1CrMoV steel bolt material, long time creep-rupture and stress relaxation tests were performed at 450°C, 500°C, and 550°C by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan. Based on analysis of their data, the isothermal creep behavior can be described using a power law: ε=Kσn(t)m+1 where ε is the creep strain, t is the time, σ is the stress, K, n, and m are material constants. The time power is a primarily a function of temperature, but also depends slightly on stress. To obtain the value for the time power typical of low stress, the creep equation constants were found in two steps. The time power was found using the lower stress data and a heat-centered type regression approach with the stress levels taking the place of the heats in the analysis. The heat constants were then calculated at all stress levels and regression performed to obtain the stress dependence. For comparison with the measured uniaxial stress relaxation properties, the relaxed stress as a function of time was calculated using the power law creep equation and a strain hardening flow rule. The calculated stress versus time curves were in good agreement with the measured at initial strain levels of 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% for all temperatures except 500°C. At 500°C, good agreement was found using the creep properties typical of a stronger (within heat variation) material.

A numerical study by means of a marine ecosystem model is conducted to examine the causes of change in the marine environment of Tokyo Bay in the latest 70 years. First, the marine ecosystem model is validated by comparing the predicted water quality such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (T-P) and total nitrogen (T-N) for the year of 1994 with the field data, which has been observed at 48 spots in Tokyo Bay. In addition, topography of Tokyo Bay and the discharge of chemical matters from the rivers are estimated for each year of 1935, 1979, and 1994, and the marine environment in the summer of each year is reproduced by numerical simulation. From comparing the results, it is revealed that the marine environment varies corresponding mainly to change in the discharge of chemical matters, and that the impact of reclamation is about 30% of the impact of change in the discharge of chemical matters.

When the dynamics of any general second order system are cast in a state-space format, the initial choice of the state-vector usually comprises one partition representing system displacements and another representing system velocities. Coordinate transformations can be defined which result in more general definitions of the state-vector. This paper discusses the general case of coordinate transformations of state-space representations for second order systems. It identifies one extremely important subset of such coordinate transformations — namely the set of structure-preserving transformations for second order systems — and it highlights the importance of these. It shows that one particular structure-preserving transformation results in a new system characterised by real diagonal matrices and presents a forceful case that this structure-preserving transformation should be considered to be the fundamental definition for the characteristic behaviour of general second order systems — in preference to the eigenvalue-eigenvector solutions conventionally accepted. The regular λ-matrix λ2M + λD + K with M,D,K ∈ Rn×n defines a second-order system. A one-parameter trajectory of such a system {M(t),D(t),K(t)} is an isospectral flow (or more correctly an equivalence flow) if the eigenvalues and the dimensions of the associated eigenspaces are the same for all parameter values t ∈ R. This paper presents the general form for real isospectral flows of real-valued second order systems.

The favorable effect of autofrettage on the mode I stress intensity factor (SIF) distributions along the fronts of radial, semi-elliptical surface cracks pertaining to large uniform arrays of unequal-depth cracks emanating at the bore of a pressurized thick-walled cylinder is studied. The analysis is based on the, previously proposed, “two-crack-depth level model”. SIF values are evaluated by the finite element method (FE) using the ANSYS 6.1 code. In the FE model singular elements are employed along the crack front and an equivalent temperature load simulates the autofrettage residual stress field. The distribution of KIN = KIP + KIA, the combined stress intensity factor due to pressurization and full autofrettage, for numerous uneven array configurations bearing n = n1 + n2 = 8 to 128 cracks, a wide range of crack depth to wall thickness ratios, a1/t = 0.01 to 0.4, and various crack ellipticities, a1/c1 = 0.3 to 1.5, are evaluated for a cylinder of radii ratio Ro/Ri = 2. The accuracy of the evaluated SIFs is increased using an improved displacement extrapolation. The results clearly indicate the favorable effect of the residual stress field on the fracture endurance and the fatigue life of autofrettaged cylindrical pressure vessel bearing uniform arrays of 3-D unequal-depth cracks emanating from its inner bore. This favorable effect is governed by Ψ = σo/p — the ratio of the vessel’s material yield stress to its internal pressure. The higher ψ is the more effective autofrettage becomes. The “interaction range” for the various configurations of uneven crack arrays is evaluated. The range of influence between adjacent cracks on the maximal combined SIF, KNmax, is found to be dependent on the density of the array, as reflected in the inter-crack aspect-ratio, as well as on the cracks’ ellipticity.

The conditions for the appearance of cavitation, i.e. the local vaporization of fluid under static or dynamic stresses, are closely connected with the tensile strength of the fluid (Arndt, Keller (1992)). Although the dominant effect of water quality on the cavitation interception has been known for many years (Keller (1981, 1983, 1984)), it is uncommon to measure its stress resistance. A possible reason for that could be the unique stress-resistance probe of Keller (1987, 1994) (Eickmann (1992)), which by itself represents a great engineering break-through, is rather complex and expensive. It has become clear during the ASME/JASME conference in San Francisco, 1999 (Keller, Rott, Striedinger, Awad, Ludwig, Yang, Li), and the Fourth International Symposium on Cavitation in Pasadena 2001 (Keller), that internationally standardized testing conditions are required with respect to water quality (Heller (2000)). A relatively simple method of concurrently measuring tensile strength or cavitation susceptibility in cavitation channels has been developed at the Institute of Fluid Mechanics of the Technische Universita¨t Dresden during the last months. This newly developed tensile strength measuring technique is not only efficient and cheap but can also be installed in any existing cavitation channel with comparably small effort. The presented paper represents the actual developmentstate of the Dresden measuring device. Comparison measurements at the cavitatio n-channels of the Versuchsanstalt Obernach (Dr. Keller), Schiffsbau-Versuchsanstalt Potsdam (Mr. Heinke) and the Schiffsbau-Versuchsanstalt Hamburg (Mr. Friesch) are planed for the following months.