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FRANZETTI, F., B. BORGHI, F. RAIMONDI y V. D. ROSENTHAL. "Impact on rates and time to first central vascular-associated bloodstream infection when switching from open to closed intravenous infusion containers in a hospital setting". Epidemiology and Infection 137, n.º 7 (15 de enero de 2009): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880800174x.
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SUMMARYAn open-label, prospective cohort, active healthcare-associated infection surveillance sequential study was conducted in four Italian intensive-care units. The aim was to determine the effect of switching from open (glass) to closed fully collapsible plastic intravenous (i.v.) infusion containers (Viaflo®) on rate and time to onset of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CVC-BSI). A total of 1173 adult patients were enrolled. The CVC-BSI rate during the open container period was significantly higher than during the closed container period (8·2vs. 3·5 BSI/1000 CVC days, relative risk 0·43, 95% confidence interval 0·22–0·84,P=0·01). The probability of developing a CVC-BSI was assessed over time comparing open and closed i.v. infusion containers. In the closed container period, it remained fairly constant (0·8% at days 1–3 to 1·4% at days 7–9) whereas during the open container period it increased (2% at days 1–3 to 5·8% at days 7–9). Overall, the chance of acquiring a CVC-BSI significantly decreased by 61% in the closed container period (Cox proportional hazard ratio 0·39,P=0·004).
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Siahaan, Nelson M. y Audina Muhvira. "Public Hospital Type C Pekan Labuhan". International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 1, n.º 1 (15 de noviembre de 2017): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijau.v1i1.263.
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The rapid economic growth in Medan Labuhandistrict has an impact on improving living standards and population growth. This is also in line with the availability of public facilities and infrastructure because the higher the level of one's life, the higher the quality of facilities. Furthermore it is needed a container to full fill the need for medical services both medical and non medical are realized through the design of "Public Hospital Type C Pekan Labuhan" with the aim as a container that provides health services and conduct activities related to health and supported by the facilities within it to achieve that goal. Public Hospital Type C Pekan Labuhan is designedbyapplying neo vernacular architectural themes so that it canalign this building in surrounding buildings and able tosupport the existence of heritage conservation areaactivities in this region. Public Hospital PekanLabuhan asone of the hospitals certified Class C Hospital is expectedto function by the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.
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De Hert, M., B. Leroy, G. Pieters, R. Vermote y J. Peuskens. "The function of the brussels night hospital: Dumping, recycling or container?" Schizophrenia Research 6, n.º 2 (enero de 1992): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-9964(92)90282-a.
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Shilov, V. V., V. A. Lukin, V. E. Savello, A. M. Antonova, L. P. Pivovarova, I. V. Osipova, A. V. Rikova y S. S. Gaiduk. "CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF APATIENT –DRUG COURIER WITH ACUTE POISONING BY HEROIN". Toxicological Review, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36946/0869-7922-2016-1-31-35.
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A clinical observation of a patient, a drug courier. smuggling heroin in containers in gastric cavity is described. He was admitted to a multi-field hospital in consequence of acute poisoning. The acute poisoning resulted from a spontaneous violation of the container and outpouring of its content into the gastric cavity. At hospital, diagnostics and a combined treatment including surgical intervention and detoxification were carried out. Results of clinical, laboratory and instrumental investigations as well as treatment outcome are reported.
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Anwar, Chairil, Putri Arini, Husnil Farouk y Novrikasari Novrikasari. "Association of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cleaning Service with the Amount of Mosquito Larvae in Water Container At Bhayangkara Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia". Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 2, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2018): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bsm.v2i2.50.
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Bacgkround: Efforts in the eradication of mosquito breeding have been done, but have not shown maximum results due to lack of community participation caused by several factors, such as lack of knowledge, attitude and practice that are considered to play important role in reducing the incidence of vector-borne diseases transmitted by mosquitoes. This study aimed was to determine the relationship of knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaning services with the amount of mosquito larvae at water container around Bhayangkara Hospital Palembang. Populations in this study were 25 cleaning services in Bhayangkara Hospital Palembang.
Methods: Samples in this study were all populations taken by using total sampling technique. Data included the number and types of water containers, the number and species of mosquito larvae found in the water containers, and data of knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaning services. The results were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis statistic test.
Results: There were 75 water containers, 63 water containers were indoors, one of them contains larvae, and 12 water containers were outdoors, the type of two outdoors water containers that contained larvae were plastic buckets. Total larvae that found were 16 larvae of Aedes aegypti. Based on Kruskal-Wallis statistic test, there was no average difference between the number of mosquito larvae based on knowledge with p>alpha± (0.072>0.05), and there was an average difference between the number of mosquito larvae based on attitudewith p<alpha± (0.006>0.05) and practice with p<alpha± (0.019<0.05).
Conclusion: There was a negative association between attitude and practice against the number of mosquito larvae, but not with knowledge.
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Novira, Ayu y Feri Fadli Aiyub. "Aplikasi Pelayanan Pengaduan Masyarakat Berbasis Web pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Langsa". JTIM : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Multimedia 1, n.º 1 (15 de mayo de 2019): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v1i1.17.
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Information technology is one of the things that has an important role in the era of globalization. Technological developments rapidly growth from year to year then its own facilities so as to provide convenience for its users. Information technology directly affects the lives of individuals and social especially at government agencies. Langsa General Hospital is one of the government agencies that has grown in the field of public health services, which is one of the public facilities are very important in the life of the community. It must be in balance with good services and facilities provided by the hospital. One of the facilities needed Area of Langsa General Hospital which is a container for the community can channel feedback in the form of a complaint with the objective as a means of communication between the hospital and the community which acts as a users of the service, with the existence of the container, the hospital can increase quality or improve any service provided to the community hospital.
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Klotz, Stephen A., Richard E. Normand y Robert G. Kalinsky. "“Through a Drinking Glass and What Was Found There”: Pseudocontamination of a Hospital's Drinking Water". Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 13, n.º 8 (agosto de 1992): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646576.
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AbstractOejective:Examination of suspended macroscopic debris that was noted in hospital cafeteria drinking water over a prolonged period of time.Setting:A tertiary care hospital.Design:A retrospective description of events.Methods:Conventional medical microbiology techniques were employed to determine if contamination of drinking water had occurred.Results:Microscopic examinations of the debris showed live nematodes similar to Strongyloides stercoralis rhabditiform larvae and amoebic trophozoites. A culture of an ice container in the cafeteria yielded coliform bacteria. Hospital employees lost work because of a diarrheal illness thought to be contracted from drinking cafeteria water. Further investigation revealed that the debris contained numerous ciliated organisms, nematodes, fresh water amoebae, bacterial mats, flagellated fungi, and unidentified cysts suggesting that the debris was of a freshwater origin rather than fecal contamination. Another hospital served by a collateral city water line experienced a similar problem. The debris was observed in November when lake water in the reservoir undergoes inversion.Conclusions:Nonpathogenic freshwater microbiota probably originating from the city reservoir were the cause of pseudocontamination of hospital drinking water.
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Grimmond, Terry Richard, Anna Bright, June Cadman, James Dixon, Sally Ludditt, Clive Robinson y Clare Topping. "Before/after intervention study to determine impact on life-cycle carbon footprint of converting from single-use to reusable sharps containers in 40 UK NHS trusts". BMJ Open 11, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2021): e046200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046200.
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ObjectivesTo compare global warming potential (GWP) of hospitals converting from single-use sharps containers to reusable sharps containers (SSC, RSC). Does conversion to RSC result in GWP reduction?DesignUsing BS PAS 2050:2011 principles, a retrospective, before/after intervention quantitative model together with a purpose-designed, attributional ‘cradle-to-grave’ life-cycle tool, were used to determine the annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the two sharps containment systems. Functional unit was total fill line litres (FLL) of sharps containers needed to dispose of sharps for 1-year period in 40 trusts. Scopes 1, 2 and 3 emissions were included. Results were workload-normalised using National Health Service (NHS) national hospital patient-workload indicators. A sensitivity analysis examined areas of data variability.SettingAcute care hospital trusts in UK.Participants40 NHS hospital Trusts using RSC.InterventionConversion from SSC to RSC. SSC and RSC usage details in 17 base line trusts immediately prior to 2018 were applied to the RSC usage details of the 40 trusts using RSC in 2019.Primary outcome measureThe comparison of GWP calculated in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) generated in the manufacture, transport, service and disposal of 12 months, hospital-wide usage of both containment systems in the 40 trusts.ResultsThe 40 trusts converting to RSC reduced their combined annual GWP by 3267.4 tonnes CO2e (−83.9%); eliminated incineration of 900.8 tonnes of plastic; eliminated disposal/recycling of 132.5 tonnes of cardboard and reduced container exchanges by 61.1%. GHG as kg CO2e/1000 FLL were 313.0 and 50.7 for SSC and RSC systems, respectively. A sensitivity analysis showed substantial GHG reductions within unit processes could be achieved, however, their impact on relevant final GWP comparison varied <5% from base comparison.ConclusionsAdopting RSC is an example of a sustainable purchasing decision that can assist trusts meet NHS GHG reduction targets and can reduce GWP permanently with minimal staff behavioural change.
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Tantum, Lucy K., John R. Gilstad, Fatorma K. Bolay, Lily M. Horng, Alpha D. Simpson, Andrew G. Letizia, Ashley R. Styczynski, Stephen P. Luby y Ronan F. Arthur. "Barriers and Opportunities for Sustainable Hand Hygiene Interventions in Rural Liberian Hospitals". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 16 (14 de agosto de 2021): 8588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168588.
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Hand hygiene is central to hospital infection control. During the 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola virus disease epidemic in Liberia, gaps in hand hygiene infrastructure and health worker training contributed to hospital-based Ebola transmission. Hand hygiene interventions were undertaken post-Ebola, but many improvements were not sustainable. This study characterizes barriers to, and facilitators of, hand hygiene in rural Liberian hospitals and evaluates readiness for sustainable, locally derived interventions to improve hand hygiene. Research enumerators collected data at all hospitals in Bong and Lofa counties, Liberia, in the period March–May 2020. Enumerators performed standardized spot checks of hand hygiene infrastructure and supplies, structured observations of hand hygiene behavior, and semi-structured key informant interviews for thematic analysis. During spot checks, hospital staff reported that handwashing container water was always available in 89% (n = 42) of hospital wards, piped running water in 23% (n = 11), and soap in 62% (n = 29). Enumerators observed 5% of wall-mounted hand sanitizer dispensers (n = 8) and 95% of pocket-size dispensers (n = 53) to be working. In interviews, hospital staff described willingness to purchase personal hand sanitizer dispensers when hospital-provided supplies were unavailable. Low-cost, sustainable interventions should address supply and infrastructure-related obstacles to hospital hand hygiene improvement.
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Ribner, Bruce S., Martha N. Landry, Gail L. Gholson y Lisa A. Linden. "Impact of a Rigid, Puncture Resistant Container System Upon Needlestick Injuries". Infection Control 8, n.º 2 (febrero de 1987): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700067096.
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AbstractNeedlestick injuries in a 720-bed tertiary care hospital were analyzed before and after the introduction of a rigid, puncture resistant, needle disposal system. Following implementation of the system, disposal-related injuries decreased from 0.9 per 100 full-time equivalent employees/year to 0.3 per 100 full-time equivalent employees/year (p <.005). However, needlesticks associated with procedures (2.2 vs. 4.4 per 100 full-time equivalent employees/year, p <.0005), and those resulting from loose needles (0.5 vs. 1.9 per 100 full-time equivalent employees/year, p <.0005), increased. Injuries occurring during needle recapping or the carrying of needles were not significantly altered. Total needlestick injuries increased from 6.0 to 8.7 per 100 full-time equivalent employees/year (p <.0005).We concluded that a rigid, puncture resistant, needle disposal system can reduce disposal-related needlestick injuries, but must also be perceived as convenient to impact substantially upon needlesticks associated with other activities.
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Sautou, Valérie y Frédéric Lagarce. "Methods for the Study of Physical and Chemical Stability and Container-Content Interactions: Report of a GERPAC Workshop". Pharmaceutical Technology in Hospital Pharmacy 4, n.º 2 (27 de agosto de 2019): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pthp-2019-0009.
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Abstract This opinion paper describes the discussions of the attendees of the last GERPAC European conference workshop on the question of chemical stability and container-content interactions. Pharmacists discussed the steps to implement to carry out those studies that are particulary important to asses the quality of the compounded preparations in hospital pharmacies.
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Krasinski, Keith, Rita LaCouture y Robert S. Holzman. "Effect of Changing Needle Disposal Systems on Needle Puncture Injuries". Infection Control 8, n.º 2 (febrero de 1987): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700067084.
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AbstractAccidental needle puncture injuries continue to pose a hazard to hospital workers. In order to reduce the number of such injuries in our hospital, needle disposal procedures were revised to discourage recapping and prevent bending or clipping of needles before discard. Collapsible cardboard boxes were replaced with impervious containers. An educational program accompanied these changes. We compared reports of needlestick injuries before and after the change of procedure, for three parallel 9-month periods. During the 27-month study, injuries occurred during administration of medication (22%), or recapping of used needles (16%), from needles protruding through (10%) or out of the "mouth" (9%) of the container, from needles left in the patient's environment (10%), or those left on procedure trays (7%). Seven percent were the result of being stuck by someone else, usually in the operating room. The mechanism of injury for 19% was not, described. Altering the disposal procedures did not change the number or anatomic site of injuries, nor the risk of injury among the various job categories. A reduction in the rate of sticks from needles protruding through the container (1.3 vs 0.3/mo, p≤0.005) was the only difference observed. Changing the needle receptacle changed the type but not the overall number of injuries. The education program had little effect on the number and types of injuries. These data point to the need for developing innovative approaches for eliciting changes in behavior of health care personnel.
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Pratiwi, Karina Putri, MDE Purnomo y Mohamad Muqoffa. "RUMAH SAKIT KHUSUS STROKE DENGAN PENERAPAN HEALING ENVIRONMENT DI SUKOHARJO". Arsitektura 15, n.º 1 (14 de julio de 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/arst.v15i1.11650.
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<p><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong><em> Design of Special Hospital Stroke in Sukoharjo effected by the increase in cases of stroke from time to time, the main cause of death almost all hospitals are there in Indonesia, as well as yet of the existence of special handling psychologically for stroke patients particularly in Central Java, one area of Shorkot ever several times had the highest stroke cases. Design issues include: how to realize the design of container recovery process of health stroke patients by creating the quantity and quality of space or that can help cure using the application Healing Environment. The purpose of this design is as a container that hosts the health service in the territory of the People devoted to the sufferers of stroke that is designed using the method of healing by structuring the physical environment health facilities that can speed up the recovery time of the patient's health both physically and psychologically. The method used is the method of programming Architecture Palmer. The result is the design of hospitals that can accelerate the recovery process of health stroke patients both physically and psychologically with the application of the concept of the Healing Environment in outer space or space in hospitals, particularly in the treatment rooms.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Healing Environment, Psychological, Special Hospital, Stroke</em>.</p>
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Katsiri, Eleftheria y Konstantinos Moschou. "A pervasive computing system for the remote management of hospital waste". Journal of Communications Software and Systems 12, n.º 1 (22 de marzo de 2016): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v12i1.91.
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Waste generated by health care activities includes a broad range of materials, from used needles and syringes to soiled dressings, body parts, diagnostic samples, medical devices and radioactive materials. As a result of poor practice and large volumes, only a very small percentage ofmedical waste is actually disposed of properly in final reception units while the rest is unaccounted for potentially exposing the community at large to infection, toxic effects and injuries, and risking polluting the environment.This paper discusses, Greenactions, a novel Pervasive Computing system for the remote end-to-end management of hazardous medical waste. Greenactions provides real-time trace-ability for 100% of medical waste, by continually monitoring the full life cycle of each waste container, from their delivery to the hospitals, through to their collection and disposal, and providing remedial action in real-time, whenever an incident occurs. This is achieved by employing both fixed and handheld RFID and sensortechnology, supported by a state-machine model that knows at any time the current and next state of each waste container. Deployed together with a small fleet of appropriately modified vehicles for waste collection, Greenactions provides an integrated solution can be applied in any waste collection and tracking scenario, without requiring any costly, proprietary infrastructure thus alleviating the burden of medical waste management fromhealth-care units. A prototype system was developed using open source technology that is ready to be deployed to pilot healthcare units in Athens, while a set of KPIs were implemented for evaluating the efficiency of the system.
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Teeple, Erin, Jack T. Dennerlein, Dean Hashimoto, Luis A. Soto, Elena Losina y Jeffrey N. Katz. "An Ergonomic Assessment of Hospital Linen Bag Handling". NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 27, n.º 2 (25 de mayo de 2017): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291117710783.
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The Joint Commission provides accreditation standards for staging hospital waste, but there are no federal lifting safety standards for linen bags. We evaluated hospital laundry bag lifting using the Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Lifting Equation. We hypothesized that the permitted 32-gallon linen container capacity might allow filling to weights above our calculated Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) for some lifting positions and contents. We found that 30- and 40-gallon bags filled with loose dry linen had predicted weights within estimated RWLs only for lifts close to the body. Thirty- and 40-gallon bags filled more than halfway with dry compact linen had predicted weights above estimated RWLs for all lifting positions. Thirty- and 40-gallon bags filled with wet compact linen exceeded estimated RWLs for all positions when less than one-quarter full. Bag volume and filling controls may be considered to ensure linen bags are not excessively heavy.
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TAKAKUSAGI, Akira y Mine SUDO. "STUDY ON FAILURES AND TROUBLES ABOUT SECURITY SYSTEMS, FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS, MANLIFTS AND CONTAINER VEHICLES IN HOSPITAL FACILITY". AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 23, n.º 54 (2017): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.23.597.
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Grimmond, Terry, Suzann Bylund, Candace Anglea, Lou Beeke, Angela Callahan, Erik Christiansen, Kelly Flewelling, Kathleen McIntosh, Kay Richter y Monica Vitale. "Sharps injury reduction using a sharps container with enhanced engineering: A 28 hospital nonrandomized intervention and cohort study". American Journal of Infection Control 38, n.º 10 (diciembre de 2010): 799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2010.06.010.
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McPherson, Brett, Mihray Sharip y Terry Grimmond. "The impact on life cycle carbon footprint of converting from disposable to reusable sharps containers in a large US hospital geographically distant from manufacturing and processing facilities". PeerJ 7 (22 de febrero de 2019): e6204. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6204.
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Background Sustainable purchasing can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at healthcare facilities (HCF). A previous study found that converting from disposable to reusable sharps containers (DSC, RSC) reduced sharps waste stream GHG by 84% but found transport distances impacted significantly on GHG outcomes and recommended further studies where transport distances are large. This case-study examines the impact on GHG of nation-wide transport distances when a large US health system converted from DSC to RSC. Methods The study’s scope was to examine life cycle GHG emissions during 12 months of facility-wide use of DSC and RSC at Loma Linda University Health (LLUH). The facility is an 1100-bed US, 5-hospital system where: the source of polymer was distant from the RSC manufacturing plant; both manufacturing plants were over 3,000 km from the HCF; and the RSC processing plant was considerably further from the HCF than was the DSC disposal plant. Using a “cradle to grave” life cycle GHG tool we calculated the annual GHG emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O expressed in metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2eq) for each container system. Primary energy input data was used wherever possible and region-specific energy-impact conversions were used to calculate GHG of each unit process over a 12-month period. The scope included Manufacture, Transport, Washing, and Treatment & disposal. GHG emissions from all unit process within these four life cycle stages were summed to estimate each container-system’s carbon footprint. Emission totals were workload-normalized and analysed using CHI2test with P ≤ 0.05 and rate ratios at 95% CL. Results Converting to RSC, LLUH reduced its annual GHG by 162.4 MTCO2eq (−65.3%; p < 0.001; RR 2.27–3.71), and annually eliminated 50.2 tonnes of plastic DSC and 8.1 tonnes of cardboard from the sharps waste stream. Of the plastic eliminated, 31.8 tonnes were diverted from landfill and 18.4 from incineration. Discussion Unlike GHG reduction strategies dependent on changes in staff behavior (waste segregation, recycling, turning off lights, car-pooling, etc), purchasing strategies can enable immediate, sustainable and institution-wide GHG reductions to be achieved. This study confirmed that large transport distances between polymer manufacturer, container manufacturer, user and processing facilities, can significantly impact the carbon footprint of sharps containment systems. However, even with large transport distances, we found that a large university health system significantly reduced the carbon footprint of their sharps waste stream by converting from DSC to RSC.
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Star, Leon D., Louis C. Abelson y Louis R. M. DelGuercio. "Further Concepts in Mass Disaster Planning for the Eighties". Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, n.º 2 (1985): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0006533x.
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What exactly comprises a “disaster?” The American College of Emergency Physicians has defined the term as “a sudden massive disproportion between hostile elements of any kind and survival resources that are available to counterbalance these hostile elements in the shortest period of time” (1).In a small airport supporting a town of 10,000 an aircraft accident involving 4 or 5 casualties can constitute a disaster by this definition, whereas at Kennedy Airport (JKF) with its large depots of medical support, and where our experience in this area has been considerable, it would take many more casualties to qualify as a disaster. “Black Sunday” at Tenerife, with 500 casualties in a single incident (2), focused world attention on the need for more adequate casualty care of air crashes at airports, particularly at airports that handle wide-bodied jets. In our efforts to improve the methods of “bringing the hospital to the emergency rather than the emergency to the hospital,” the “workshop” at Kennedy Airport has evolved over the years from a cumbersome inflatable unit with limited mobility, to a Mobile Emergency Hospital with a capacity of 100 beds and an operating room (3).In the past year, we have developed an even more practicable Mobile Emergency Hospital, the size of a standard cargo container, 40 feet long by 8 feet wide and 8 feet high with 4-wheel drive and self-propelled at 55 miles per hour, capable of being lifted by helicopter, flown in a Lockheed C130 or cargo 747, placed on a railroad flat-bed or transported as a container on the deck of a ship (4,5).
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Ferreira, Adriano Menis, Denise de Andrade y Vanderlei José Haas. "Microbial contamination of procedure gloves after opening the container and during exposure in the environment". Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 45, n.º 3 (junio de 2011): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-62342011000300028.
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The objective of this study was to quantify the colony forming units (cfu) on latex procedure gloves in the beginning, middle, and end of the containers in real (professional) and controlled (researcher) gloving situations; evaluate the microbial load of the gloves, considering the time of exposure in the environment. This comparative prospective study was conducted at an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. The microbiological data was collected from the gloves using digital-pressure. Microbiological evaluations were performed on 186 pairs of gloves: 93 in the control group and 93 in real gloving situations. In the control group, the average cfu was 4.7 against 6.2 in the real gloving situation. Hence, no statistically significant difference was found (p=.601). In addition, the cfu values of gloves in the beginning, middle and end of the containers also did not show any significant differences (p>.05). The most common strain was Staphylococcus spp. The time of exposure in the environment did not increase the cfu value of the latex gloves.
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Qasim, Saleha, Ainul Momina, Fatima Tul Zahra, Tahira Bano Qasim y Fakeha Rehman. "Knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers regarding biomedical waste segregation at Mayo Hospital Lahore." Professional Medical Journal 27, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 2020): 2755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.12.3888.
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Objectives: This study has been designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers at Mayo Hospital regarding biomedical waste segregation. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Teaching Hospital of King Edward Medical University Lahore, Pakistan. Period: February 2018 to January 2019. Material & Methods: Structured questionnaires in English and Urdu were employed to collect data from healthcare workers (nurses and doctors) on duty in different wards of Mayo Hospital. The demographics, level of knowledge, practices and attitude regarding biomedical waste segregation are reported using descriptive statistics. The comparison of doctors and nurses is done using chi-square. Results: Significantly fewer number of doctors correctly identified the container for bio hazardous waste (p=0.016), while majority (89.4%) of respondents were able to correctly identify the container for sharps and general waste. Significantly more (p=0.00) number of nurses had training in waste segregation as compared with doctors. Majority (95.0%) of nurses acknowledged that guidelines regarding waste segregation were available in their departments, whereas significantly lesser number (64.5%) of doctors acknowledged existence of guidelines at their workplace (p=0.00). 21.3% of respondents claimed to have acquired infection from waste with no statistical difference between the two groups (p=0.19). A minority of the participants agreed that the practices were satisfactory (14.6%) and the required equipment was available (27.7%), yet there was a significant difference between the responses of doctors and nurses with the nurses being more satisfied with the available facilities and equipment (p=0.00) than doctors. Conclusion: The knowledge of the healthcare workers regarding waste segregation is better than their practices, nonetheless there is a dire need to improve the quality of training of these health care workers in and emphases must be put on ensuring that correct practices are adopted.
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Odoyo, Erick, Daniel Matano, Martin Georges, Fredrick Tiria, Samuel Wahome, Cecilia Kyany’a y Lillian Musila. "Ten Thousand-Fold Higher than Acceptable Bacterial Loads Detected in Kenyan Hospital Environments: Targeted Approaches to Reduce Contamination Levels". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 13 (25 de junio de 2021): 6810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136810.
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Microbial monitoring of hospital surfaces can help identify target areas for improved infection prevention and control (IPCs). This study aimed to determine the levels and variations in the bacterial contamination of high-touch surfaces in five Kenyan hospitals and identify the contributing modifiable risk factors. A total of 559 high-touch surfaces in four departments identified as high risk of hospital-acquired infections were sampled and examined for bacterial levels of contamination using standard bacteriological culture methods. Bacteria were detected in 536/559 (95.9%) surfaces. The median bacterial load on all sampled surfaces was 6.0 × 104 CFU/cm2 (interquartile range (IQR); 8.0 × 103–1.0 × 106). Only 55/559 (9.8%) of the sampled surfaces had acceptable bacterial loads, <5 CFU/cm². Cleaning practices, such as daily washing of patient sheets, incident rate ratio (IRR) = 0.10 [95% CI: 0.04–0.24], providing hand wash stations, IRR = 0.25 [95% CI: 0.02–0.30], having running water, IRR = 0.19 [95% CI: 0.08–0.47] and soap for handwashing IRR = 0.21 [95% CI: 0.12–0.39] each significantly lowered bacterial loads. Transporting dirty linen in a designated container, IRR = 72.11 [95% CI: 20.22–257.14], increased bacterial loads. The study hospitals can best reduce the bacterial loads by improving waste-handling protocols, cleaning high-touch surfaces five times a day and providing soap at the handwash stations.
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Beltrami, Elise M., Chi-Cheng Luo, Nicolas de la Torre y Denise M. Cardo. "Transmission of Drug-Resistant HIV After an Occupational Exposure Despite Postexposure Prophylaxis With a Combination Drug Regimen". Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 23, n.º 6 (junio de 2002): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502065.
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Abstract We documented a case of occupational human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) despite postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with a combination drug regimen after percutaneous injury with a needle from a sharps disposal container in the hospital room of an HIV-infected patient. This failure of PEP with a combination drug regimen may have been related to antiretroviral drug resistance, other factors, or both. This case highlights the importance of preventing injury to prevent occupational transmission of HIV.
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Azzam Afifi y Khadega suleiman. "Sero-prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in patients attending to Kassala Hospital, Kassala State 2016". Journal of The Faculty of Science and Technology, n.º 7 (17 de agosto de 2021): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/jfst.vi7.956.
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Toxoplasmosis is intracellular pathogen, caused by the protozoan parasite, belong to the phylum Apicomplexa. The present research aimed to determine the sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among patients attending in Kassala hospital. Blood samples were collected in blood container by using sterile syringes (300), 5 ml of venous blood was drawn and required for the laboratory examination for Latex agglutination and ELISA techniques. high prevalence of T. gondii recorded (56.7%) for Latex Agglutination technique. Age-groups (18-40) showed higher rate of infection 62.2%. Statistical analysis verified no variation according to the gender and contact with cats (P > 0.05). high prevalence calculated, for those eating undercooked meat, drinking row milk, 67.1%, 65.5% respectively. Fainaly the present study recommended to Implantation of health education program, Toxoplasmosis should be checked before donating blood and Improvement of the standard of hygienic, sanitary and disease control.
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Baqui, Muhammad Nazmul, Sharmin Rozhana, Rubyath Chowdhury Rajib, Mohammad Mahmudul Huda, Mohammad Mesbahuzzaman y Tapesh Kumar Paul. "Frequency of Mislabeled Specimen in a Histopathology Laboratory". Journal of Surgical Sciences 17, n.º 2 (30 de octubre de 2019): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jss.v17i2.43726.
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Background: Mislabeled specimens are one of the most common pre-analytic errors in a histopathology laboratory. As histopathology provides the final diagnosis for most of the diseases, labeling errors can lead to serious consequences leading to wrong treatments.
Objectives: This study was carried out to find common pre-analytical errors of histopathology laboratory in the context of our country.
Methods: Data were collected on six points of container labeling and nine points of requisition papers through simple check list over a period of one week.
Results: Among 142 samples, labeling was found in 82.40% container. Among these labels, patients name, age, hospital registration number of the patients were absent in 19.01%, 26.06% and 90.85% samples respectively. Site of origin of the tissue in the container was absent in 71.83% samples. About 4.93% samples came to the laboratory without fixatives. Patients name, age, sex, site of origin of tissue, name of the referring physician and their contact numbers were found absent in 0.70%, 3.52%, 33.10%, 7.75%, 50% and 95.77% of requisition papers respectively. Clinical diagnosis was absent in 54.23% cases. A good proportion of container and requisition papers did not contain proper labeling, which is important not only for identification but also for histopathological diagnosis.
Conclusion: We believe that, these errors occur due to lack of standard histopathology requisition form. Association of Surgeons and Pathologists can collaboratively form a standard requisition form for sending histopathology samples to different laboratories, which could easily reduce mislabeling errors in histopathology.
Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (2) :80-83
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Motlatla, Mokete y Thelmah Xavela Maluleke. "Assessment of Knowledge about Healthcare Risk Waste Management at a Tertiary Hospital in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 2 (8 de enero de 2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020449.
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This study aimed at assessing the knowledge about healthcare risk waste (HCRW) management among doctors, professional nurses, pharmacists and laboratory technicians, in accordance with National Environmental Management, Waste Act 59 of 2008, Constitution of South Africa and sustainable development goals (SDG). The quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted, using self-administered questionnaires and stratified random sampling was used. Data was analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. One hundred and forty-four participants were included in the study. The majority 90.28% of the participants were aged 19–50 years, females (71%), professional nurses (36%), and they had 1–10 years of experience (71%). The health professionals were knowledgeable of sharps waste (89%), slightly over (52%) knew anatomical waste, whereas (27%) and (17%) knew radioactive and cytotoxic waste, respectively. Health professionals (92%) agreed that the sharps-waste container should be disposed of in a yellow bin container, at least (63%) and (27%) agreed that red liner and box should be used for both infectious non anatomical waste and for cytotoxic waste. The null hypothesis was tested on knowledge versus age, profession and gender, and evidence against it was found on waste storage period in all three variables where chi-square and Fisher exact p-values were less than the 5% significant level. More attention should be directed towards similar HCRW management training at the hospital for all health professionals and behavior modification. The hospital management must ensure that HCRW-trained health professionals and HCRW management officials put into practice what they have learnt.
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Motlatla, Mokete y Thelmah Xavela Maluleke. "Assessment of Knowledge about Healthcare Risk Waste Management at a Tertiary Hospital in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 2 (8 de enero de 2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020449.
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This study aimed at assessing the knowledge about healthcare risk waste (HCRW) management among doctors, professional nurses, pharmacists and laboratory technicians, in accordance with National Environmental Management, Waste Act 59 of 2008, Constitution of South Africa and sustainable development goals (SDG). The quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted, using self-administered questionnaires and stratified random sampling was used. Data was analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. One hundred and forty-four participants were included in the study. The majority 90.28% of the participants were aged 19–50 years, females (71%), professional nurses (36%), and they had 1–10 years of experience (71%). The health professionals were knowledgeable of sharps waste (89%), slightly over (52%) knew anatomical waste, whereas (27%) and (17%) knew radioactive and cytotoxic waste, respectively. Health professionals (92%) agreed that the sharps-waste container should be disposed of in a yellow bin container, at least (63%) and (27%) agreed that red liner and box should be used for both infectious non anatomical waste and for cytotoxic waste. The null hypothesis was tested on knowledge versus age, profession and gender, and evidence against it was found on waste storage period in all three variables where chi-square and Fisher exact p-values were less than the 5% significant level. More attention should be directed towards similar HCRW management training at the hospital for all health professionals and behavior modification. The hospital management must ensure that HCRW-trained health professionals and HCRW management officials put into practice what they have learnt.
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Moura, Leonardo De Lima, Claudio Fernando Mahler y Heitor Mansur Caulliraux. "ASSESSMENT OF KITCHEN WASTE GENERATED IN A MATERNITY HOSPITAL: A CASE STUDY IN BRAZIL". Ciência e Natura 39, n.º 2 (23 de mayo de 2017): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25752.
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Healthcare waste management (HCWM) is at problem in many developing countries. One of the main steps to implement a proper HCWM process is knowledge of the amount and composition of material generated. There are rare studies of the contribution of kitchen waste to the total mass of non-hazardous waste generated by hospitals in the world. This paper reports a diagnosis of waste generation by the kitchen of a maternity hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Using the method established by the World Health Organization (WHO), non-hazardous wastes of all sectors were weighed for seven consecutive days in July and August, 2015. The average kitchen waste generated was 92.77 kg.day-1 and 76,73 kg.day-1, respectively, corresponding to 43.65% and 46.44% of the total mass of general waste produced in the period, although there was no positive correlation between the generated mass of kitchen waste and the number of meals prepared and served. We concluded that kitchen waste poses a considerable challenge to HCWM, mainly involving temporary internal storage, external storage and container cleaning, as well in the physical conditions of the workers that transport the waste.
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Anwar, S., AKMN Rahman, SK A. Houqe, AKMA Moshed, L. Yasmin, ASM Saleh y M. Mohsin. "Clinical Profile of Kerosene Poisoning in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh". Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 38, n.º 1 (16 de agosto de 2014): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i1.20021.
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Background: Accidental ingestion of kerosene continues to remain a common medical emergency among children in developing countries. The importance of this poisoning makes it imperative that parents should be aware about this poisoning. Objective: To see clinical profile of Kerosene poisoning in Bangladesh. Methodology: This retrospective study analyzed 56 children with acute kerosene poisoning admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to June 2010 Result: Fifty six kerosene poisoning cases were admitted within 6 months period. Among the cases boys 29(51.8%), aged less than three years 52(93%), from a rural background 36(64%) and belonging to lower economic class 51 (91%) were found. Inappropriate container of kerosene like soft drink bottle 40 (71%) & summer season 40 (71%) were found major risk factor for kerosene ingestion. Cough 52 (92%) and dyspnea 51(91%) were the commonest clinical findings. Conclusion: Respiratory complaints are predominant clinical features of Kerosene poisoning. Toddler age, children from rural area, summer season were found major risk factors for kerosene ingestion and is mostly due to faulty packing & storage of kerosene. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i1.20021 Bangladesh J Child Health 2014; VOL 38 (1) : 11-14
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Olutayo Olaitan, ODUNOLA, MORENIKEJI Timothy Oluseye y ODUNSI Oluwafemi Michael. "Assessment of Waste Management Practice in Health Institution: A Case Study of University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria". Volume 4 - 2019, Issue 9 - September 4, n.º 9 (3 de octubre de 2019): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt19sep1393.
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Efficient management of medical waste is a necessity because of great risk improper/poor waste management posed to the populace. This study assessed medical waste management practice in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria. Those that improper waste management can affect are identified as the sample frame, and they are health workers, waste handlers, out-patients and residents. Sample size of 5% of the 3000 staff strength of the study area was adopted which amounted to one hundred and fifty (150) respondents. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in the sample selection and the administration of the questionnaires until all copies of questionnaire assigned for each category of respondents were administered. Nine indices were developed, these were: Waste Collection Index (WCI), Waste Storing Index (WSI), Waste Treatment Index (WTI), Facility Condition Index (FCI), Medical Waste Index (MWI), Storage Factor Index (SFI), Waste Effect Index (WEI), Waste Preventive Index (WPI) and Health Workers Satisfactory Index (HSI).The study observed that punctured proof container has WCI of 4.49; lidded container has the highest WSI of 4.56, while compositing and landfill has the highest WTI of 3.67. Gloves and head cap have the highest and lowest FCI with 4.40 and 1.00 respectively. Infectious waste is the major generated waste in the study with MWI of 4.46 and offensive odour with highest WEI of 3.77 while good accessibility has the highest SFI of 4.53. A major preventive measure as perceived the respondents is enforcement of regulation with WPI of 4.16 while workers’ welfare has the highest HSI of 3.57.For proper medical waste management practice, therefore, there should be an incentive package for health workers and adequate fund should be provided to carry out this proper management from on-site to off-site disposal. Time-to-time training for waste handlers in order to keep them abreast of the recent risk involved or update about medical waste and waste management policy should be re-assessed and reviewed where necessary so as to keep it up-to date.
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Naik, Mrudul, Jagadish A. Cacodcar y Nitin Y. Dhupdale. "Challenges faced by the visually disabled in use of medication, consequences of medication errors and their self-adopted coping strategies at a tertiary care hospital in Goa, India". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n.º 3 (24 de febrero de 2018): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180783.
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Background: Visual impairment (VI) does limit individual’s ability to complete everyday tasks and impact their quality of life and ability to interact with their environment. The objectives of this study are to determine challenges faced by people with Visually Disability, medicine administration errors and self-adopted coping strategies.Methods: An observational case series study design was used for the data collection. The data was collected from January-June 2014. The study participants were included all patients more than 18 years who were certified as visually handicap.Results: The major challenges faced by total 146 visually disabled patients studied were, 51.36% couldn’t locate the place of medication and 45.89% couldn’t identify the separate containers of medications. The major Medications errors included of 30.13% study participants had missed doses and spilled medications. The most commonly used coping measures were keeping medications at specific places, identifying separate drugs by feeling the shape of the container.Conclusions: The challenges included, inability to locate the place of medication, inability to identify the separate containers of medications, unaware of correct dose, inability to maintain dose schedule and difficulty in using liquid medications. Medication errors included, missing doses, spillage of medications, consumption of wrong medication, wrong dosage, inability to complete course of prescribed medications. The coping strategies adopted included, keeping medications at specific places, identifying separate drugs by feeling the shape of the container, tracking the time of routine medications with the timings of the TV serials/shows.
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Chhetri, Uma Devi, I. Ansari y S. Shrestha. "Pattern of Pediatric Poisoning and Accident in Patan Hospital". Kathmandu University Medical Journal 10, n.º 3 (30 de abril de 2013): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8016.
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Background Kerosene, drugs, pesticides are chemicals used in home and farms. But because of parents’ or caretakers’ negligence; accidents and poisoning in children may take life of a child. Objective To study the common causes and outcome of pediatric accident and poisoning cases admitted in Patan Hospital.Method A prospective (2068-69) and retrospective (2066-67) studies of pediatric accident and poisoning cases admitted in Patan Hospital (2066-chaitra 2069) were done. Result Out of 44 registered cases total 35 cases were collected in last 4 years. Twenty one in prospective and 14 in retrospective study. Male female ratio was 1.2:1. Most vulnerable age group was 1-5 years (21) and 11-15 yrs (8). Most common poison was pesticide (11), kerosene (9) and drugs (7). Twenty percent were suicidal, 3% were homicidal and rest was accidental. Suicidal poisoning was common in 11-14 years. Accidental poisoning was: taking kerosene from mineral water bottle for water. Small children took drugs and pesticides due its easy availability or careless storing. Five common accidents were near drowning (2), hot water scald, hanging and fall from height. Outcome was 2 expired; 1 Organo-phosphorous and 1 food poisoning. Mortality was 6%. One hanging survived as vegetation. Conclusion Accident and poisoning are preventable. We need to make our home and surrounding poison and accident proof. Small children should never be left unattended. Drugs, pesticides, hot things, and sharp instruments should be kept out of reach of children and in child proof container in separate places. Pesticide should not be sold to children. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | VOL.10 | NO. 3 | ISSUE 39 | JUL- SEP 2012 | Page 39-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8016
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Puspita, Widyana Lakshmi, Yenni Prawiningdyah y Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa. "Penerapan Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) terhadap penurunan bahaya mikrobiologis pada makanan khusus anak berbasis hewani di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Soedarsono Pontianak". Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 7, n.º 1 (1 de julio de 2010): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17609.
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Background: One way to improve the quality of food provision in hospitals is by implementing hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) in food processing.Objective: The study aimed to identify the effect of HACCP implementation to the decrease of microbiological hazards of foods for children in particular at Nutrition Installation of Dr. Soedarso Hospital of Pontianak.Methods: The study was a quasi experiment that use multiple time series design with intervention and cassation of intervention (ABA time series chain). Samples of the study were animal based food for children, cooking utensils used preparation, processing, and distribution of the food, the food providers and food processing containers. Samples were taken 3 times before and after the implementation of HACCP, each within a week duration.Result: Average germ rate in foods and cooking utensils before implementation of HACCP was relatively high. After the implementation of HACCP there was a decrease. The result of statistical analysis showed that there were effects of HACCP implementation to the reduction of microbiological hazards in foods and cooking utensils (p<0.05). Average score of knowledge on sanitation hygiene of food and practice of sanitation hygiene of foods after HACCP implementation increased. There was an increase of average score of knowledge on food sanitation hygiene and practice of food sanitation hygiene of HACCP implementation (p<0.05). Average score of sanitation hygiene of food processing container after HACCP implementation increased.Conclusion: The implementation of HACCP could reduce microbiological hazards (germ rate) of animal based special foods for children.
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Guichard, Nicolas, Pascal Bonnabry, Serge Rudaz y Sandrine Fleury-Souverain. "Long-term stability of ganciclovir in polypropylene containers at room temperature". Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 25, n.º 2 (4 de octubre de 2017): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155217732629.
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Purpose Ganciclovir is increasingly provided by hospital pharmacy production unit in a ready-to-use form, in order to improve the safety of healthcare workers and the efficiency of the organisation. The objective of this study was to develop a stability-indicating method to assay ganciclovir and determine the stability of ganciclovir in syringes (5 mg/mL) and infusion bags (0.25 and 5 mg/mL) at two different temperatures. Method Ganciclovir solutions (0.25 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL) in 0.9% sodium chloride were prepared in 50 mL polypropylene syringes or 100 mL polypropylene infusion bags and stored at 2–8℃ and 23–27℃. The chemical stability was measured using a stability-indicating Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry method. Physical stability was assessed by visual inspection. Results No significant loss of ganciclovir under any of the tested conditions was observed in this study. All solutions remained clear through the study period. Conclusion All tested formulations remained stable for at least 185 days independently of container type, temperature or concentration studied.
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Grimmond, T. "UK safety-engineered device use: changes since the 2013 sharps regulations". Occupational Medicine 69, n.º 5 (julio de 2019): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqz087.
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Abstract Background The 2013 UK sharps safety regulations require healthcare facilities to use safety-engineered devices (SEDs) to protect staff. The recent increase in UK-reported occupational exposures could indicate increased reporting or increased exposures from suboptimal SED use. Aims To ascertain SED use through examination of sharps container contents in a sample of UK hospitals. Methods Reusable sharps containers (RSCs) were selected from seven UK hospitals in 2013 and seven different hospitals in 2016. At licensed processing facilities, the operator, wearing protective apparel, decanted RSCs, separated hollow-bore needles (HBNs) from other sharps and enumerated HBNs into capped/uncapped non-SEDs, activated/non-activated/tampered SEDs, and blunt draw-up SEDs. Probability, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence limits (95% CLs) were calculated using WinPepi v2.78. Results In 2013 and 2016, respectively, 2545 HBNs were categorized from 22 RSCs versus 2959 HBNs from 33 RSCs; 70% of HBNs were SEDs versus 93% (P < 0.001; RR 1.33; CL 1.30–1.37); 32% of activatable HBNs were not activated versus 22% (<0.001; 0.67; 0.60–0.76); 41% of HBNs were discarded ‘sharp’ versus 20% (<0.001; 0.48; 0.44–0.52); 25% of HBNs were uncapped needles versus 6% (<0.001; 0.22; 0.19–0.26); 5% of HBNs were capped needles versus 1% (P > 0.05); and 1% of SEDs were tampered with in both years (P > 0.05). Hospital practices varied widely. Conclusions SED use and activation have increased significantly since 2013. Of concern is that in 2016, 22% of SEDs were non-activated and 20% of sharps were discarded ‘sharp’. Increased training in SED handling, assiduous adherence to safe sharps work practices and a higher level of individual safety-ownership are indicated.
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Ehrnthaller, C. y F. Gebhard. "35 m Vertical Free Fall: How Impact Surface Influences Survival". Case Reports in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/805213.
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We describe the accidental free fall of a 23-year-old construction worker, who fell 13 stories (approximately 35 meters) from a false work landing on a toilet container. On impact he broke through the roof of the container, which attenuated his fall and made his survival possible. The patient sustained a central spleen rupture, liver laceration, subdural hematoma, blunt thoracic trauma with a left-sided hematothorax and right-sided pneumothorax with serial bilateral rib fractures, and an unstable fracture of the 10th thoracic vertebra. Two thoracic drainages were inserted in the emergency department before the patient underwent emergency surgery for the management of his intra-abdominal injuries. On the third day after trauma the unstable fracture of the 10th thoracic vertebra was stabilized with an internal fixator. Following extubation on day 8 after trauma the patient did not show any peripheral neurological deficits but cerebral affection with a general slowdown. After only 21 days, the patient was discharged from the hospital to a rehabilitation center where work specific rehabilitation was started. Although the patient is not suffering from physical afflictions from the injury his daily life abilities are still limited due to cerebral damage.
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Nancekievill, David. "On-Site Management and Treatment of Motor Car Racing Casualties". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, n.º 3 (1985): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065997.
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In 1964, the medical team at motor car races consisted of 2 physicians, including the author, several first aid workers, and 2 nurses. Only one physician stood at the trackside and sophisticated equipment was non-existant. Nevertheless, it was possible to resuscitate drivers who had suffered a cardiac arrest at the moment of impact, by simple cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In 1965, the Grand Prix mobile hospital was added. This was a Juggernaut container lorry containing a well-equipped operating room and scrub up area. It was found to be of little use in the UK, although the idea behind it was well intentioned. The problem with the unit was one of mobility. It was certainly true that the hospital could be taken from London to Paris, but it was far too big to be driven from the car park to the injured driver at the side of the track. In 1968, theBritish Racing and Sports Car Club (BRSCC) introduced the first rescue unit. This short wheel base vehicle was presented to the club by Ford as a service to motor sport. It contained all necessary fire-fighting, cutting and medical equipment. It was to reach the scene of any accident within 3 minutes. In that way a driver whose heart had stopped at the moment of impact could be resuscitated before his brain suffered irreparable damage. Apart from firemen, the rescue unit carried a physician, usually an anaesthetist skilled in resuscitation. As a result, the standard of care around the circuit became standardized after the first few minutes.
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Uchechukwu, E. Ezeoke, I. Omotowo Babatunde y C. Ndu Anne. "Investigating Knowledge, Attitude and Health Care Waste Management by Health Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution". Global Journal of Health Science 9, n.º 4 (7 de marzo de 2017): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n4p222.
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INTRODUCTION: Inadequate knowledge and practice of health care waste management by health workers may have serious health consequences and a significant impact on the environment.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to ascertain the knowledge, attitude and practice of hospital waste management among health workers in Enugu.METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive survey was carried out among 115 health workers at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire, and was analysed using SPSS version 21. Statistical significance of association between variables was assessed using Chi-square test at p<0.05. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of UNTHRESULTS: All 115 respondents returned the completed questionnaires. Sixty (52.2%) were females and fifty five (47.8%) were males. The mean age of respondents was 31.7 ±11.8 years. Ninety three (80.9%) had heard of hospital waste management, 95 (83%) were aware that hospital waste is classified into hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Ninety nine (86.1%) were aware of waste segregation, only 25(21.7%) dispose medical waste in specified color coded container always. Majority 90 (78.3%) use latex gloves when handling waste.CONCLUSION: Most of the respondents knew what health care waste management means (HCWM), but very few practiced appropriate health care waste management. Health education and training is recommended for the health care workers periodically and regularly.
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Yadav, Khushbu, Satyam Prakash y Basant Kumar Yadav. "Characterization of Intestinal Parasitosis in Pregant Women at Ram Janaki Hospital, Janakpurdham". Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology 7 (27 de diciembre de 2020): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tujm.v7i0.33851.
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Objectives: The objective of this study was designed to focus the prevalence, detection and identification of intestinal parasites and its associated factors among pregnant women.
Methods: Total 264 stool samples were collected in a labeled dry, clean disinfectant free wide mouthed plastic container during antenatal visits at Ram Janaki Hospital, Janakpurdham and were examined by macroscopically and microscopically. The detection and identification of protozoal cysts, oocysts, trophozoites and helminthic eggs or larva was done by wet preparation and formalether sedimentation concentration technique. The data was analysed using SPSS 20 version and Microsoft Excel 2007. A Chi-square test was performed to predict the parasite detection using predictor variables. The p-values <0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among pregnant women was 42%. There was positive association of symptoms of intestinal parasitosis among pregnant women (p < 0.05). The most predominant intestinal parasites among study participants were E. histolytica (20%) slightly dropped by G. lamblia (16%) followed by Hook worm (13%) and A. lumbricoides (11%). The correlation between all the variables with intestinal parasites presence and absence was statistically significant (p<0.05) but statistically insignificant for age and consumption of green leafy vegetables (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was relatively moderate. Lack of awareness, low hygienic and sanitation habits regarding parasitic infections were the major determinant factors for higher prevalence. Improving sanitation, awareness creation and public health programes should be organized at regular interval in community.
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Edres, Mohammed AL Mustafa Ahmed y Nihad Elsadig Babiker. "Estimation of Fibrinogen Level among Sudanese Patients with Myocardial Infraction". Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, n.º 6-s (15 de diciembre de 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i6-s.3737.
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Myocardial infraction (AMI) is an irreversible myocardial injury and necrosis caused by serious and long-term ischemia. It is generally seen in middle aged men with high risk factors for coronary artery disease. Only 4% of patients with AMI are under 40 years of age. This was a cross sectional study conducted at AL SHAB hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, aimed to estimate the fibrinogen level among Sudanese patients with myocardial infraction. 50 patients attending Alshab Hospital and diagnosed with MI used as a case group and 50 apparently healthy individuals with no history of MI were selected as control group. 1.8 ml of blood samples has been collected in sodium citrate anticoagulant container for measurement of fibrinogen level by clauss method in coagulometer device. It is clearly significant increase in fibrinogen level in myocardial infraction patient (p.value 0.000). In addition, the prothrombin time and gender were insignificantly differences in (AMI) patients. In the other hand, age and smoking significantly increased as risk factor in myocardial infraction. This study concluded that fibrinogen level was significantly increased in Sudanese patients with myocardial infraction.
Keywords: Myochardial Infraction, Fibrinogen, Prothrombin Time, Coagulometer
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Nulhakim, Lukman. "KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENGETAHUAN ANTAR PERAWAT STUDI KASUS RUMAH SAKIT UMUM KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN". Journal CERITA 2, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2016): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cerita.v2i2.682.
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General Hospital of South Tangerang City (RSU) has a main focus is public health services in the surrounding area. To improve services, RSU always follow the development of science in the field of health, especially on the part of nurses. The development of science is very important to the hospital, because with such knowledge will help the hospital to handle new cases developing in society. To handle these issues are the researchers create a draft design of nursing knowledge management. The purpose of this study is to provide convenience in managing knowledge that is in the general hospital of South Tangerang city, especially the knowledge of nurses and to create a culture of learning in the hospital environment through the exchange of knowledge, such as the sharing of knowledge among nurses, communication forums nurses as container create a culture of learning for nurses so it is easy to learn and provides the solution of the problems being encountered. The methodology used in this studyrefers to the Inukshuk knowledge management methodology developed by Kimiz Dalkir and methods of the four phase of the 10-step KM roadmap developed by Amrit Tiwana with some adjustments by the researcher. The tools used in designing knowlede Management This is bydesign approach and object-oriented analysis or Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) using notation Unified Modeling Language (UML). Results of design knowledge management is expected to provide an overview solution to the problem of limited space and time to exchange knowledge. In addition design nursing knowledge management can give you a documentation of knowledge by utilizing information technology. Design Knowledge Management of nursing that was only a prototype and needed further development to perfection Knowledge Managemet nursing.
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Chabala, Freeman, Mutinta Madubasi, Mable Mwale Mutengo, Njeleka Banda, Kaunda Yamba y Patrick Kaonga. "Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Susceptibility Reduction amongst HIV-Infected Individuals at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 10 (12 de mayo de 2020): 3355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103355.
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Increased antimicrobial resistance among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals to commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of gastroenteritis is a public health concern, especially in resource-limited settings. We set out to compare the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals at a tertiary hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Teaching Hospital from May 2019 to August 2019. Stool samples were screened, and 79 HIV-infected individuals matched by age and sex with 84 HIV-uninfected individuals that presented with E. coli associated gastroenteritis were studied. Demographics were collected from the Laboratory Information System (LIS) and stool samples were collected in a sterile leak-proof container. Samples were cultured and only those where E. coli was isolated were included in the study and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. HIV-positive individuals were 3 times (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.17; 95% CI (1.51, 6.66); p < 0.001) more likely to be resistant to quinolones compared with their HIV-negative counterparts. Similarly, HIV-positive individuals were almost 4 times (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI (1.37, 11.46); p = 0.011) more likely to have multidrug-resistant E. coli compared with those who were HIV-negative. HIV infection was associated with reduced E. coli susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics, and most cases showed resistance.
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Muhammad Iqbal Khan, Riffat Arbab., Abdullah Khan, Maria Mehmood, Aisha Arshad, Hafsa Jaffar y Hafsa Qazi. "COMMONLY ISOLATED ORGANISM IN DIABETIC FOOT AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY, AN EXPERIENCE AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL". Journal of University Medical & Dental College 11, n.º 1 (18 de marzo de 2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v11i1.310.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: To determine the commonly isolated organism in ulcers of diabetic foot and its sensitivity to antibiotics.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 167 patients of diabetic foot were included in this descriptive Crosssectional study. All the patients were informed and consent was obtained according to ethical criteria approved by the ethical committee. The use of antibiotics in last 72 hours was strictly observed. The samples were obtained under aseptic conditions by applying the swap slightly to the exudate or base of the ulcer and were then carefully transferred in to the container and were then sent to the laboratory on the same date. The culture sensitivity was performed. Data was analyzed using SPSS. 20.
RESULTS: A total of 140 samples were positive for 8 types of bacteria out of 167. 94 samples were monomicrobial were as 46 were polymicrobial. Over all Staphylococcus aureus 63(40.3%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 40 (25.6%). S. aureus was most sensitive to imipenem/ meropenem (79.3%) followed by vancomycin (71%), linezolid (69.8%) and moxifloxacin (69.8%). P. aeruginosa was sensitive to impenem/ meropeneum (90%) followed by Ticarcilline/ clavulante (92.5%), amikacin (87.5%) and pipracilline / tazobactom (80%). Most of the gram positive and negative bacteria were resistant to commonly available antibiotic like ampiciline/ cloxacillin, amoxicilline/ clavulante and cephradine.
CONCLUSION: Most of the commonly used antibiotics had developed resistance. was S. aureus most common bacteria from the isolates and was sensitive to impenem/meropenem, vancomycin and linezolid. Gram-negative bacteria showed sensitivity to impenem/meropeneum, pipracilline/ tazobactom, Ticarcilline/ clavulante and amikacin.
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Saidu, H., A. H. Muhammad, N. Garba, S. B. Danladi y I. A. Aliyu. "Some hemostatic parameters of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria". Calabar Journal of Health Sciences 3 (6 de febrero de 2020): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cjhs_12_2019.
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Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study was aimed at providing information on pattern of some hemostatic parameters of pulmonary TB (PTB)-infected patients. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study of 102 participants comprising 51 TB-infected individuals and 51 healthy individuals as control. Five milliliters of blood were drawn from each subject and 3 ml was transferred into 0.3 ml of trisodium citrate (3.8%) anticoagulant plastic tube for the analysis of prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time using standard techniques while the remaining 2 ml was then transferred into an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid container (of what concentration) for platelet count and morphology. Result: The median interquartile range of the PLC, platelet morphology, prothrombin time (PT), and APPT was determined and comparative analysis using Chi-square was made and found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between hemostatic parameters (PT, activated partial thromboplastin time with kaolin [APTTK], and platelet count) and body mass index. A Kruskal–Wallis H test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in PT, APTTK, and platelet count between the different categories of patient’s Mycobacterium tuberculosis load (P < 0.005). Chi- square statistics revealed the association between APTTK and platelet count, with anti-TB drugs regimen to be statistically significant. However, there was no statistically significant association between PT and anti-TB drug regimen. Conclusion: This study revealed that PTB affects hemostasis by prolongation of PT and APTTK, it is also associated with giant platelet formation and intravascular platelet aggregation.
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Bambang, Bambang, Setiawan Setiawan y Marlik Marlik. "Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dengan Tindakan Perawat dalam Pemilahan Limbah Padat Medis dan Limbah Padat Non Medis". Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional 8, n.º 1 (15 de marzo de 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/jkp.v8i1.1018.
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Medical Waste solid is solid waste that consist of waste infeksius, pathology waste, sharp object waste, pharmacy waste, waste sitotoksis, chemical disposal, radioactive waste, waste container and waste with high heavy metal content. Solid Waste non medical is solid waste that produced by from activity in hospital outside medical that indigenous to kitchen, office, garden, and hall. Target at research this is the relation analysis between knowledge and nurse understanding hit sorting medical garbage. and garbage non medical in IGD RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Type from research is analytic research by using design wake up research that is a research design that used by to study correlation between variable dependen and independent variable. Population in this research 34 nurse responders in Installation Emergency Departments. This Research is executed during the month of January–February 2019. This Research uses intake technique sampel nonprobability sampling. Data collecting Method uses admission filling quesioner.
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BETANCOURT-CARLOS, MARTÍN, ARELHI CATALINA GONZÁLEZ-CISNEROS y JOSÉ MARÍA JIMÉNEZ-AVILA. "MODIFICATION OF THE NEGATIVE PRESSURE THERAPY TECHNIQUE FOR TREATMENT OF WOUND INFECTION AFTER SPINAL SURGERY". Coluna/Columna 18, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2019): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120191803222148.
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ABSTRACT Objective To describe the indications and contraindications of negative pressure assisted wound therapy as well as a modification to the negative pressure technique that has been shown to shorten the number of changes of dressings and hospital stay with the early closure of the wound. Methods A review of the existing literature in the databases OVID, PubMed, Cochrane and Medigraphic was carried out in relation to the pressure-assisted closure of wounds. This is a non-invasive and active healing system that uses localized and controlled negative pressure, which consists of a specialized dressing that includes reticulated foam that removes the exudates through a tube to an airtight container. This set forms microdeformations in the wound bed, which are known to cause an important increase in fibroblastic migration and consequently of higher quality tissue, granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis. Results It was found that this method shortens the number of days of hospital stay. The technique describes the primary closure of the wound after intense cleansing and debridement of the non-viable tissue and signs of infection. Conclusions Negative pressure wound therapy is effective for the treatment of deep infections in postsurgical spinal wound, with average time of use of 1 to 4 weeks in the most severe cases. Level of evidence IV; Case Series.
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Miora Koloina Ranaivosoa, Valdo Rahajanirina, Zafindrasoa Domoina Rakotovao Ravahatra, Jaquinot Randriamora y Olivat Rakoto Alsone, Andry Rasamindrakotroka. "Management of pre-analytical nonconformities at the biochemistry laboratory in Antananarivo in 2019". World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 5, n.º 2 (28 de febrero de 2021): 006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.5.2.0010.
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Management of pre analytical nonconformities within a laboratory is a critical step in ensuring the reliability of results. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the non-compliance of the pre-analytical phase at the Paraclinical Training and Biochemistry Research Unit of the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona University Hospital Center, to describe in detail the state of play and the progress of this stage. This is a retrospective descriptive study over a period of 5 months from November 01, 2018 to March 31, 2019 within the Paraclinical Training and Biochemistry Research Unit of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona University Hospital Center. All patient files recorded during this study period have been exploited. Only inpatient records were included in this study. In this study, 5, 71% of pre-analytical non-conformities were recorded. The most frequent non-conformities (recorded 248 times that means 56.88% of the whole nonconformities) were related to the swab or its container, followed by non-conformities related to the prescription sheet (recorded 96 times, that means 22.02%). Pre-analytical non-conformities were the most frequently identified in the surgical intensive care department with 25.24%, followed by the medical service (17.92%). Most of the nonconformities observed were due to preventable human error. However, the laboratory must know how to control nonconformities in order to prevent them and ensure the quality of the analyses.
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Cadnum, Jennifer L., Annette L. Jencson, Marguerite C. O’Donnell, Elizabeth R. Flannery, Michelle M. Nerandzic y Curtis J. Donskey. "An Increase in Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection Associated with Use of a Defective Peracetic Acid–Based Surface Disinfectant". Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 38, n.º 3 (21 de noviembre de 2016): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.275.
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BACKGROUNDWe investigated an increase in the incidence of healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) that occurred following a change from a bleach disinfectant to a peracetic acid–based disinfectant.OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of the peracetic acid–based disinfectant.DESIGNLaboratory-based product evaluation.METHODSThe commercial peracetic acid–based product is activated on site by mixing a small volume of concentrated hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid present in a “SmartCap” reservoir with the remaining contents of the container. We measured concentrations of peracetic acid in newly activated and in-use product and determined the stability of nonactivated and activated product. We tested the efficacy of the product against C. difficile spores using the American Society for Testing and Materials standard quantitative carrier disk test method.RESULTSMeasured concentrations of peracetic acid (50–800 parts per million [ppm]) were significantly lower than the level stated on the product label (1,500 ppm), and similar results were obtained for containers from multiple lot numbers and from another hospital. Product with peracetic acid levels below 600 ppm had significantly reduced activity against C. difficile spores. Peracetic acid concentrations were reduced markedly after storage of either activated or nonactivated product for several weeks. The Environmental Protection Agency confirmed the finding of low disinfectant levels and ordered discontinuation of sale of the product.CONCLUSIONUse of a defective peracetic acid–based surface disinfectant may have contributed to an increase in healthcare-associated CDI. Our findings highlight the importance of evaluating the efficacy of liquid disinfectants in healthcare settings.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:300–305
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Macklin, Ruth. "Cost Containment in Infection Control: Ethical Problems in Rationing Medical Care". Infection Control 6, n.º 9 (septiembre de 1985): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700063359.
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The era of cost containment is upon us. Bureaucrats and regulators, politicians and insurance administrators have begun to devise schemes for reducing the costs of hospital care and medical services in a country justly proud of the quality of its health care. The term “cost containment” has a neutral ring to it, a tone deliberately chosen by policy makers to soften the impact of its effects. The concept has an aura of virtue, conjuring an image of overflowing expenditures that must be put back into the container. But let us recognize the harsh reality that cost containment is simply another term for rationing, a notion that has somewhat unsavory connotations.The need to embark on rationing arises when a crisis of available goods or services is imminent. We are told that too much money is being spent today on health care in the US. Since spending too much on anything is considered wasteful, and since wastefulness is at least an inefficient, if not an unethical way to treat resources, the conclusion seems inescapable that there is a moral imperative to cut costs in the health care sector. To be sure, the goals of eliminating waste and reducing excessive costs should be pursued by hospitals and physicians alike. But let us not hide behind these noble goals and accept uncritically the idea that to increase efficiency in delivering health care, it is necessary to embark on rationing schemes.
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Sousa, Bruno Jonatan de, Paula Angela Bessa Freitas de Oliva, Thaís Araújo de Medeiros Borges, Valtêmia Porpino Gomes Costa y Carla Cristina Monteiro. "Amount of salt (sodium chloride) per capita used in a Public Hospital Food Service in Natal, RN, Brazil". Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional 28 (24 de marzo de 2021): e021012. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/san.v28i00.8656719.
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During 31 days, this study determined and evaluated the amount of salt (sodium chloride) per capita used in the preparation of the lunch meals in a public hospital food service in the City of Natal, RN, Brazil. The quantification of the salt was done through the weighing of the salt container in the beginning and at the end of lunch preparation. After that, the total amount found on each day was divided by the number of meals (750), and then the per capita amounts were compared to the maximum intake recomentation (5 g/day), and the maximum amount of salt estimated to be used for preparing lunch (2.5 g/day) in the food service studied, considering that this meal is planned to provide diners 50% of their caloric needs, even though the amount of salt used in the preparation of a meal does not necessarily represents the salt ingested, and plate waste should be considered as a modifying factor to salt intake. The results showed the per capita amounts of salt used for cooking lunch varied from 1.33 g to 5.87 g, and the average for the 31 days was 3.11 g. Only 14 days (45%) were under the limit line established for lunch. The lowest and highest results could be associated to cooking techniques and ingredients required in the menu. The findings of this study are important since they provide support to the implantation of a control system for the distribution of salt from the storeroom to the kitchen, as well as data to elaborate guiding material to food handlers, and also campaign material that can be used to sensitize both the food service team and dinners (employees, patients and patient companions) about the use and consumption of salt, helping to decrease the health risks associated to a high-sodium diet.