Tesis: "Culture entrepreneuriale"

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Mahamoud, Rayaleh Abdourahman. "Contribution à l'identification des potentialités entrepreneuriales des femmes entrepreneures : Analyse des antécédents et des facteurs contextuels des créatrices d'entreprise Djiboutienne". Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0508.

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L’objectif principal de notre thèse consiste, dans un premier temps, à inventorier et à classer les caractéristiques entrepreneuriales pour pouvoir ensuite typer les enquêtées selon la perception qu’elles ont de leurs potentialités entrepreneuriales. Outre cet objectif central, le présent travail tente d’analyser les facteurs personnels et contextuels susceptibles de contribuer à l’acquisition et au développement des potentialités entrepreneuriales des créatrices d’entreprise en contexte djiboutien et africain. Aussi, nous avons cherché à comparer les typologies entrepreneuriales des entrepreneures et des non entrepreneures. Afin de répondre plus adéquatement aux objectifs de la thèse, nous avons d’abord effectué une synthèse des principaux travaux relatifs aux paradigmes des traits et des faits de l’entrepreneur pour mieux resituer le modèle conceptuel de Gasse (Gasse et D’Amours, 2000). Dans un second temps, le travail de terrain se focalise sur l’exploitation d’une enquête réalisée auprès de 208 entrepreneures et 100 femmes non entrepreneures djiboutiennes. Dans cette enquête, on a utilisé un questionnaire de 125 items hors facteurs d’identification et articulé autour de 17 dimensions réparties entre 5 axes (motivations, aptitudes, attitudes, intérêts et comportements). Le traitement des données s’est appuyé sur les techniques statistiques descriptives (tris à plat et tris croisés) et multidimensionnelles (analyse des corrélations, analyse en composantes principales, la classification hiérarchique et l’analyse discriminante). Cette étude a été enrichie par des entretiens semi-directifs avec 10 femmes entrepreneures. Les analyses confirment que, comparées aux non entrepreneures, les entrepreneures disposent plus des capacités et des compétences entrepreneuriales. De même, nos résultats indiquent que les potentialités entrepreneuriales sont associées essentiellement au niveau d’instruction et à l’expérience antérieure chez les entrepreneures plus jeunes, et à un ensemble de facteurs environnementaux (cercle familial ou amical, croyance divine, contexte culturel) chez les entrepreneures plus âgées. Ainsi, notre étude tend à montrer l’importance de l’appartenance à un entourage familial et/ou amical de tradition entrepreneurial dans le processus de création d’entreprise. Les résultats issus de ces différentes méthodes d’analyse de données consolident le modèle conceptuel initial et ouvrent des perspectives en termes de pédagogie d’accompagnement de l’entrepreneure africaine souvent soumise aux pesanteurs contextuelles
The primary aim of this thesis is to first identify and classify entrepreneurial traits so as to distinguish those surveyed on the basis of the perception they have of their entrepreneurial potentialities. Aside from this primary aim, the following work seeks to analyse personal and contextual factors likely to contribute to the acquisition and development of entrepreneurial traits of women entrepreneurs both within Djibouti and Africa at large. We have tried to compare entrepreneurial typologies of those who are entrepreneurs and those who are not. In view of achieving adequately the aims of this thesis, we first establish a synthesis of the main works regarding the paradigms of traits and facts of the entrepreneur so as to better reproduce Gasse’s conceptual model. In the second part of the work, the field work is focused on the exploitation of the findings of a survey conducted among 208 female entrepreneurs and 10 others who were not entrepreneurs. In this survey, a questionnaire, of 125 items excluding identifying factors and based on 17 dimensions distributed among 5 axes (motivations, aptitudes, attitudes, interests and behaviors), was used. Data processing is conducted according to the descriptive statistics techniques (basic sorting and cross sorting) and multi-dimensional ones (correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchal classification, discriminative analysis). The study was strengthened by semi-structured interviews conducted among 10 female entrepreneurs. The results of the analysis confirmed that, unlike non-entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs have more capabilities and entrepreneurial skills. Moreover, results also indicate that entrepreneurial potentialities are mainly linked to the level of education and prior experience among young entrepreneurs and to a host of environmental factors (family circle, circle of friends, religious beliefs, and cultural context) as far as older entrepreneurs are concerned. Therefore, our study tends to show the importance of belonging to a family environment or having a circle of friends with a long-standing entrepreneurial tradition in the process of business creation. The results of these various methods of data processing reinforces the initial conceptual model and open perspectives on ways of assisting Africa’s women entrepreneurship often subjected to contextual burdens

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2

Tesse, Ernest. "Culture entrepreneuriale, performance socio-économique et modélisation empirique des comportements socioculturels sur les intentions d’entreprendre en Haïti". Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0263/document.

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L’entrepreneuriat a été très longtemps reposé sur les seuls facteurs économiques, comme la recherche et le développement (R&D), les innovations, les infrastructures adéquates, les nouvelles technologies appliquées, un système bancaire efficace, etc. Pourtant, d’autres facteurs s’avèrent encore plus importants lorsqu’il s’agit surtout de chercher à comprendre les dimensions qui sont intrinsèquement pertinentes dans les prises de décisions entrepreneuriales. Parmi ces facteurs, la culture occupe une place centrale qu’on ne peut en aucun cas occulter. En effet, grâce à certains traits culturels qui caractérisent positivement le comportement de leurs peuples, beaucoup de pays ont vu développer leurs économies. Alors que d’autres traits culturels, au lieu d’être prometteurs, constituent plutôt des handicaps au développement économique des pays dits sous-développés. Ceux qui ont une culture négro-africaine semblent les plus touchés. Haïti est l’un des pays de l’hémisphère occidental, plus précisément du bassin caribéen, qui semblent aussi faire partie de cette catégorie, par l’intermédiaire de certains traits culturels négro-africains qui lui sont légués en héritage pendant toute la période coloniale. Tout ceci a été antérieurement prouvé par un ensemble de travaux de recherche théoriques et empiriques. Cependant, dans le but d’apporter quelques éclairages nécessaires aux résultats de ces travaux et surtout d’approfondir notre champ de recherche sous les prismes de la performance globale et du développement socio-économique durable d’Haïti, cette présente thèse se donne plutôt pour objectif principal de tenter de modéliser empiriquement les comportements socioculturels de l’entrepreneuriat haïtien. Dans ce sens, elle cherche à construire un modèle conceptuel théorique de référence qui peut nous permettre de vérifier statistiquement et économétriquement l’influence de certains facteurs socioculturels sur les intentions des actifs entrepreneurs et non-entrepreneurs haïtiens de créer à court terme une entreprise ou de se lancer sur le moyen terme ou sur le long terme dans un projet à caractère entrepreneurial dans leur propre département de naissance
During a very long time Entrepreneurship was based solely on economic factors such as research and development (R&D), innovations, appropriate infrastructures, new applied technologies, an efficient banking system, and so on. Yet other factors are even more important when it comes to understanding the dimensions which are intrinsically relevant to entrepreneurial decision-making. And among them culture occupies a central place which cannot be overshadowed. Indeed, while some populations’cultural traits positively characterize their behavior and thus would play a role in their countries’ economic development, other cultural traits, instead of being promising, rather consist in handicaps to the economic growth of so-called underdeveloped countries. In this category, those with Black African culture seem to be the most affected. Haiti is one of the countries of the Western Hemisphere, more precisely of the Caribbean basin, which seem to be part of this category, from the black-African cultural traits which are bequeathed to it during the whole colonial period. All this was previously proved by a set of theoretical and empirical research works. However, in order to bring some necessary insights to the results of this work and especially to broaden our field of research in terms of performance and sustainable socio-economic development of Haiti, this thesis aims rather to try to empirically model the sociocutural behaviors of Haitian entrepreneuriat. In this sense, she’s looking to build an theorical reference model which can enable us to statistically and econometrically verify the influence of sociocultural behaviors on he intentions of entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial Haitian assets to create a company in the short term or to embark on a medium-term or long-term project in an entrepreneurial project in their own birth region

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3

Estay, Christophe Louart Pierre. "La motivation entrepreneuriale". Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/995.

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Reproduction de : Habilitation à diriger des recherches : Sciences de gestion : Lille 1 : 2006.
N° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 517. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. f. 69-77. Liste des publications et communications.

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4

Madjimbaye, Nanadjim. "Entreprise et entrepreneurs africains : culture et dynamique entrepreneuriale, le cas du Tchad". Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ORLE0502.

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L'entreprise, point d'appui et de référence des politiques de développement, est restée le parent pauvre des économies africaines. Pourtant les entrepreneurs africains font preuve d'une remarquable capacité d'adaptation à un contexte économique et institutionnel difficile. Un premier chapitre décrit l'entreprise africaine, son environnement, ses caractéristiques et ses politiques d'appui. Souvent spécialisée dans le commerce et l'artisanat, elles reste limitée dans sa taille et son développement par le manque de moyens financiers, l'étroitesse des marchés et la pression communautaire. Les deux chapitres suivants présentent les théories de l'entreprise et de l'entrepreneurs africains et privilégient une approche culturaliste, même si les modèles traditionnels ont été appliqués au contexte africain. Les deux derniers chapitres portent sur le tissu entrepreneurial Tchadien, et aboutissent à l'examen d'une enquête administrée à N'Djaména, à partir de questionnaires puis d'entretiens.

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5

Cherchem, Naïma. "Contribution à la compréhension de l’effet de la culture d’entreprise et du profil psychologique du dirigeant sur l’orientation entrepreneuriale des PME françaises". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30086.

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Notre projet de thèse de doctorat a pour objet de présenter une meilleure compréhension du rôle de la culture d’entreprise et du profil psychologique du dirigeant dans l’orientation entrepreneuriale (OE) des PME françaises. La nature de la problématique de recherche reste original dans la littérature francophone. En effet, les travaux de recherches sur l’OE ont eu tendance à se concentrer essentiellement dans la littérature anglo-saxonne. Les principaux intérêts de notre thèse tiennent : 1) à faire ressortir des actions spécifiques qui permettraient de développer une culture favorable à l’entrepreneuriat ; 2) de susciter la vocation des dirigeants dans leur démarche entrepreneuriale ; 3) de mieux percevoir les déterminants de la performance économique et financière des entreprises entrepreneuriales ;4) de spécifier les caractéristiques des PME françaises à travers l’approche des configurations.Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons construit une question principale spécifique : Dans quelle mesure la culture d’entreprise et le profil psychologique du dirigeant affectent-ils l’orientation entrepreneuriale des PME françaises et leur performance ? Pour réaliser cette recherche, nous avons opté pour une étude empirique quantitative à travers un questionnaire administré auprès des dirigeants de PME de deux chambres de commerce : la Chambre Régionale de Commerce et d’Industrie du Nord- Pas- de Calais et la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie du Beaujolais. Nous avons pu recueillir 123 réponses complètes. Pour réaliser les traitements d’analyse, nous avons utilisé l’approche des régressions linéaires avec le logiciel STATA.11 pour tester la nature des relations entre les variables clés de notre étude. Dans une deuxième partie d’analyse, nous avons utilisé l’approche des configurations avec la méthode des composantes ascendantes hiérarchiques. Concernant la première hypothèse, les résultats de l’étude empirique quantitative montrent que la culture entrepreneuriale et la culture de groupe sont associées à la capacité d’innovation, de proactivité et de prise de risque de l’entreprise. Inversement, la culture hiérarchique est associée négativement à cette triple capacité. La deuxième hypothèse concernant le profil psychologique du dirigeant donne des résultats plutôt inattendus, quant à l’effet du champ de contrôle externe du dirigeant sur l’OE. Les dirigeants qui ont un champ de contrôle externe semblent contribuer positivement au processus de l’OE. Nous avons pu montrer également que ces dirigeants conduisent leurs entreprises à réaliser de meilleures performances. Le besoin d’accomplissement du dirigeant est également lié à l’orientation de l’entreprise vers les activités entrepreneuriales. Quant à la troisième hypothèse, nous avons pu montrer dans notre recherche que les activités entrepreneuriales de l’entreprise contribuent à l’amélioration de ses performances économiques et financières. Dans un deuxième volet de cette étude, nous avons testé notre modèle conceptuel avec l’approche des configurations. Notre objectif était de proposer une classification d’entreprises selon le degré d’intensité de l’OE. L’analyse des composantes ascendantes hiérarchiques, nous a permis de faire apparaître trois formes de configuration d’entreprises : 1) entreprises entrepreneuriales, 2) entreprises traditionnelles et 3) entreprises émergentes
Our proposed PhD thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the role of corporate culture and the psychological profile of the leader in Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) of French SMEs. The nature of the research remains in the original french literature. Indeed, the research work on the EO have tended to focus mainly in the Anglo-Saxon literature.The main interest of our thesis are:1) to highlight specific actions that would develop a culture conducive to entrepreneurship;2) to encourage the vocation of the leaders in their entrepreneurial approach ;3) to gain insight into the determinants of economic and financial performance of entrepreneurial firms;4) to specify the characteristics of french SMEs through the approach of configurations.To meet these goals, we built a specific key question: How corporate culture and psychological profile of the leader affect the entrepreneurial orientation of french SMEs and their performance?To conduct this research, we opted for a quantitative empirical study through a questionnaire administered to managers of SMEs of Chambre Régionale de Commerce et d’Industrie of Nord-Pas-de Calais and Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie of Beaujolais. We have collected 123 complete responses. To achieve the treatment analysis, we used the approach of linear regression with the software STATA.11 to test the nature of the relationship between key variables in our study. In the second part of analysis, we used the approach of the configurations with hierarchical ascendant components method, in order to specify the caracteristics of french SMEs.Regarding the first hypothesis, the results of the quantitative empirical study shows that entrepreneurial culture and the group culture are associated with innovation, proactive and risk-taking activities. Conversely, the hierarchical culture is negatively associated with the entrepreneurial activities. The second hypothesis about the psychological profile, the leaders who have a locus of external control appear to contribute positively to the process of OE. We have shown that these leaders lead their firms to achieve better performance. The need for achievement of the leader is also related to the orientation of the firms to entrepreneurial activities.Regarding the third hypothesis, we have shown that the entrepreneurial activities of the SMEs contribute to the improvement of its economic and financial performance.In the second part of this study, we tested our conceptual model with the approach of configurations. Our objective is to propose a taxonomy of SMEs according to the intensity of the EO. The analysis of hierarchical ascendant components have shown three types of SMEs: 1) entrepreneurial SMEs, 2) conservative SMEs and 3) emerging SMEs

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Siomy, Mory. "Développement des compétences des leaders en promotion de la culture entrepreneuriale et de l'entrepreneurship : le cas du Rendez-vous entrepreneurial de la Francophonie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25186/25186.pdf.

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Siomy, Mory. "Développement des compétences des leaders en promotion de la culture entrepreneuriale et de l'entrepreneurship : le cas du Rendez-vous entrepreneurial de la francophonie". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19831.

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8

Santoni, Juliane. "Le rôle de la sensibilisation, de l'accompagnement et de l'auto-efficacité entrepreneuriale perçue dans l'engagement entrepreneurial des femmes". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAB008/document.

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Les scènes publiques et académiques internationales portent une attention croissante à l’entrepreneuriat des femmes (Hughes et al., 2012) ainsi qu’aux pratiques et acteurs de l’accompagnement (Fayolle, 2004 ; Sammut, 2003). Cependant, peu d’études s’intéressent à l’accompagnement entrepreneurial des femmes entrepreneures (Lebègue, 2015), bien que ces dernières présentent des spécificités et que des auteurs appellent à une plus grande mise en cohérence de l’accompagnement et des besoins et singularités des entrepreneurs (Verstraete,2002 ; Chabaud et al., 2010). De plus, les études portant sur les femmes entrepreneures se centrent principalement sur les obstacles rencontrés, et peu sur les leviers existants. À l’aide d’une recherche qualitative, nos résultats proposent, dans un premier temps, un diagnostic des freins et leviers à l’entrepreneuriat des femmes à travers le canevas des 5Ms de l’entrepreneuriat des femmes (Brush et al., 2009). L’accompagnement, la sensibilisation et l’auto-efficacité entrepreneuriale perçue (Bandura, 1997 ; McGee et al., 2009) en sont des leviers majeurs. Ensuite, nous étudions les phases de mise en oeuvre et d’évaluation de la recherche intervention menée au sein d’un centre entrepreneurial. Notre contribution porte sur la mise au jour de trois formes de sensibilisation ainsi que trois modes d’accompagnement favorisant l’engagement entrepreneurial des femmes – l’un de ces modes s’adaptant à quatre profils différenciés de femmes entrepreneures
A growing interest is given to women entrepreneurs in the public and academic arena. (Hughes et al., 2012), as well as to the actors and practices of the entrepreneurial support industry (Fayolle, 2004; Sammut, 2003). However, few studies are conducted on the entrepreneurial support of women entrepreneurs (Lebègue, 2015). Women entrepreneurs show some specificities and academics call for a greater coherence between the needs and wants of entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial support practices (Verstraete, 2002; Chabaud et al., 2010). Moreover, the studies on women entrepreneurs are centered on their hurdles more than on their levers. Thanks to a qualitative approach, our results first show the hurdles of levers of women entrepreneurs through the 5Ms canvas of women’s entrepreneurship (Brush et al., 2009). The main levers appear to be entrepreneurial support and awareness, and perceived self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997; McGee et al., 2009). Then, our results concern the implementation and evaluation phases of the intervention-research led in an entrepreneurship center. Our contribution is to give an insight on different entrepreneurial support processes – one of them is compatible with the four profiles of women entrepreneurs. We also highlight different forms of entrepreneurial awareness that further entrepreneurial commitment of women

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9

Geoffroy, Edouard. "Dynamique entrepreneuriale et insularité : le cas des entreprises de la caraïbe francophone". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0374.

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Cette thèse a pour objet, l’analyse des liens pouvant exister entre les performances des entreprises créoles et les représentations culturelles liées à l’entrepreneuriat dans l’espace insulaire francophone de la Caraïbe. Dans cet espace, deux grands types d’entreprises cohabitent. D’une part l’entreprise capitaliste, datant de l’Ancien Régime, fondée sur une logique de prise de risque à long terme, sur l'innovation et qui enregistre des meilleures performances. Elle constitue le modèle de l’excellence entrepreneuriale. D’autre part, l' entreprise créolisée, créée par des créoles par mimétisme au lendemain de l’abolition de l’esclavage, et qui cherche à concilier le talent de ses créateurs à l’art de la gestion, sans jamais réaliser des performances durables. La création d’entreprise semble aujourd’hui, être une réponse à la crise du chômage. Les méthodes de score appliquées à deux échantillons d’entreprises dont l’un est constitué des entreprises ayant déposé leur bilan auprès du Tribunal de Commerce de Pointe à Pitre, et l’autre contenant les entreprises en vie et clientes d’une banque commerciale locale, montrent que, la gestion de ces entreprises est fondée essentiellement sur le court terme, notamment sur la trésorerie ; alors qu’elles enregistrent des contre-performances chroniques. Ces résultats sont les produits des chocs de rationalités résultant de l’interaction entre les logiques culturelles capitalistes et les logiques culturelles créoles qui ne contribuent pas au développement d’un projet d’entreprise performant et durable. La maîtrise de ces contre-performances, nécessite une réflexion globale de type constructiviste sur le projet d’entreprise, notamment dans ses dimensions pédagogiques et managériales, liées à la formation à l’entrepreneuriat. L’appropriation des notions de risque entrepreneurial et d’innovation permanente par les entrepreneurs créoles, nécessite ici des leviers de gestion particuliers tels que le tableau de bord du chef d’entreprise, le plan de trésorerie pour gérer et piloter la performance
This thesis aims to analyze the possible ties between the performance of Creole enterprises and the cultural representations linked to entrepreneurship in the French-speaking insular spaces of the Caribbean. Cohabitation of two major types of enterprise is a characteristic of this space. On one hand we have the capitalist type of enterprise, dating from the French Old Regime, based on a long-term risk logic and on innovation, which provides the best performance records. This is the entrepreneurship model par excellence. On the other hand, we have the “creolised” type enterprise, created by mimetic Creole entrepreneurs right after the abolition of slavery. This model endeavours to reconcile the talent of creative arts with that of management, without ever achieving lasting results. Nowadays, entrepreneurship seems to be the answer to the unemployment crisis. Scoring measurement methods applied to two set of enterprises, the first one composed of enterprises having filed a petition for bankruptcy, the other one of still active enterprises and the customers of a local Bank, show that these enterprises follow a short-term management scheme, in the financial field in particular, hence recorded chronic counter-performances. Such results are the products of the rationalities shocks resulting from the interaction between the capitalistic and the Creole cultural logics that contribute to the failure of an effective and lasting enterprise project. Or coming these counter-performances will require a constructivist global reflection on the entrepreneurial project, education in measurement techniques and proper managerial training. The appropriation of entrepreneurship risk and permanent innovation concepts by the Creole entrepreneurs will require specific levers of management and performance control, such as the manager's control panel and the financial plan

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Pepin, Matthias. "Culture entrepreneuriale et éducation : un regard ethnographique sur ce qui se vit à l'école primaire Coeur-Vaillant". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26334/26334.pdf.

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Ruel, Pierre. "La culture entrepreneuriale : conditions favorisant sa mise en oeuvre, son émergence et sa pérennité en milieu scolaire /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2007. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Thèse (M.Ed.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2007.
La p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en éducation. Bibliogr.: f. [144]-148. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQQUQ

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Pepin, Matthias. "Culture entrepreneuriale et éducation : un regard ethnographique sur ce qui se vit à l'école primaire Cœur-Vaillant". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20928.

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Dans cette recherche de maîtrise nous explorons le concept de culture entrepreneuriale en milieu scolaire. D'emblée, nous situons le tournant entrepreneurial entamé par la société québécoise, non seulement par l'entremise de l'école grâce à la redéfinition du Programme de formation de l'école québécoise, mais également par le truchement des politiques mises en place par le gouvernement québécois. Pour atteindre l'objectif de cette recherche, qui consiste à documenter ce qui se vit dans les micro-entreprises scolaires en tant qu'elles témoignent d'une culture entrepreneuriale en construction, nous proposons d'aborder la culture entrepreneuriale comme une culture organisationnelle qu'il convient d'investiguer de l'intérieur. Par une approche ethnographique, au plus près des acteurs de terrain, nous en venons progressivement à montrer ce qui se vit au sein de la micropulperie de l'école Coeur-Vaillant, en rendant compte des étapes qui mènent à la production du produit fini ainsi que de la structure hiérarchique propre à cette organisation scolaire. Nous démontrons, ensuite, la spécificité du cadre entrepreneurial qui régit les activités entrepreneuriales et définit de la sorte le cadre de référence à l'intérieur duquel se développe une culture entrepreneuriale. Finalement, nous documentons les formes et les fonctions de la marge de manoeuvre des élèves au sein des activités entrepreneuriales; laquelle démontre de manière symbolique leur pouvoir d'action sur la culture entrepreneuriale qu'ils contribuent à développer, par leurs actions. Cette étude permet de poser un regard différent sur la culture entrepreneuriale en ceci qu'elle l'envisage de l'intérieur, en contexte et au plus près des acteurs de terrain, dont principalement les élèves.

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Bourguiba, Malek Bayad Mohamed. "De l'intention à l'action entrepreneuriale approche comparative auprès de TPE françaises et tunisiennes /". S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc283/2007NAN22003_1.pdf.

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Bourguiba, Malek. "De l'intention à l'action entrepreneuriale : approche comparative auprès de TPE françaises et tunisiennes". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN22003/document.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la contingence culturelle de l'intention-action de création d'entreprise. Elle met en oeuvre une recherche empirique qui permet, au travers de la démarche de triangulation, d'explorer le rôle de la culture nationale dans ces notions. Une analyse théorique des principaux concepts dans le domaine de l'entrepreneuriat et de la culture nationale, permettra de mettre en évidence un cadre conceptuel adapté à l'étude de la contingence culturelle de l'intention entrepreneuriale. En effet, ce dernier propose une approche intégrant les différents niveaux d'analyse de la culture nationale et leurs incidences sur la formation de l'intention entrepreneuriale. La thèse présente son projet en termes de problématique et de méthodologie, au travers d'un processus de collecte de données, par entretiens et questionnaires, sur 35 études de cas de créateurs de TPE en provenance de la région Lorraine (France) et de la région Grand Tunis (Tunisie). Les traitements de ces données (analyses qualitative et quantitative) conduisent à adopter la contingence culturelle de la désirabilité et de la faisabilité perçues de se lancer en affaires. La recherche suggère aux acteurs décideurs que l'intention entrepreneuriale ne peut-être considérée comme universelle. En revanche, elle peut être investie au travers de certaines caractéristiques culturelles spécifiques, notamment les valeurs et croyances culturelles, le contexte relationnel, les motivations, les modèles d'entrepreneurs, etc. Ainsi, cette étude met en avant l'imbrication de la culture nationale et la culture entrepreneuriale
This thesis is dedicated to study a cultural contingency of the entrepreneurial intention-action. It uses empirical research which permits, through a triangulation method, to explore the role of national culture in these notions. A theoretical analysis of main concepts on entrepreneurship and national culture enables to suggest an adapted conceptual framework for studying cultural contingency on entrepreneurial intention. In fact, this framework proposes an approach that permits to integrate different analysis levels of national culture and their effects on the entrepreneurial intention formation. The thesis presents its problematic and methodological project, through interviews and questionnaires applied in 35 case studies of small business creators, coming from "Lorraine" region (France) and "Grand Tunis" region (Tunisia). The data treatment (quantitative and qualitative analysis) brings to adopt the cultural contingency of perceived desirability and feasibility to start a business. The research suggests that intention of business creation can't be considered as universal. On the other hand it can be surrounded according to specific cultural characteristics, particularly, cultural values and beliefs, relational context, motivations, entrepreneurs' roles models, etc. It defends also the imbrication's entrepreneurial and national cultures

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Rouatbi, Amina. "Entrepreneuriat féminin et performance : essai de comparaison France - Tunisie". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIME001.

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Le rôle de l’entrepreneuriat en tant que levier pour les économies a été beaucoup mis en évidence et depuis longtemps (cf. Schumpeter). Dans ce sens, selon l’OCDE (2016) « L’entrepreneuriat est une source importante de création d’emplois et d’innovation ». De plus, « l’entrepreneuriat est considéré comme un moteur essentiel de la reprise économique et de la croissance de l’emploi » (OCDE, 2012Toutefois, l’aspect « économique » de l’entrepreneuriat semble moins évident pour les cas des femmes entrepreneures. En effet, en 2013, les femmes qui travaillaient à leur compte gagnaient entre 13 % et 60 % de moins que les hommes dans la zone OCDE (OCDE, 2016). Ce constat concernant l’écart en matière de performance économique et de caractéristiques des entreprises créées et gérées par des entrepreneures femmes rejoint les résultats de recherches académiques qui ont noté que celles-ci créent des entreprises de très petites tailles et à faible croissance.Dans le cadre de cette thèse nous optons pour une recherche focalisée exclusivement sur les femmes. Nous mettons ainsi l’accent sur la notion de la performance des entreprises telle qu'elle est vue et définie par ces femmes entrepreneures.L’objectif de ce travail de recherche est de mettre en évidence une définition de la performance donnée par les femmes entrepreneures. Répondre à cette problématique permettrait de contribuer à la littérature en apportant de nouvelles connaissances sur la performance et sur les femmes entrepreneures. En effet, le phénomène dit de « sous-performance » est remis en question, et la performance des entreprises est vue sous un autre angle. En suite, sur un plan plus pratique, comprendre certains phénomènes et comportements permet de mettre en place les dispositifs nécessaires pour mieux les orienter et surtout les encourager
The role of entrepreneurship has been highlighted as leverage for many economies (see Schumpeter). In this sense, according to the OECD (2016) "Entrepreneurship is an important source of job creation and innovation". In addition, "entrepreneurship is seen as a key driver of economic recovery and employment growth" (OECD, 2012)However, the "economic" aspect of entrepreneurship seems to be less obvious for the case of women entrepreneurs. In 2013, self-employed women earned between 13% and 60% less than men in the OECD area (OECD, 2016). This finding concerning the gap in economic performance and the characteristics of firms created and managed by women entrepreners is consistent with academic research results. Reserchers concluded that women entrepreneurs create smaller and with lower-growth rate firms.In this thesis we opt for a research focused exclusively on women. Thus we emphasize the notion of corporate performance as seen and defined by those women entrepreneurs.The purpose of this research is to highlight a definition of performance given by women entrepreneurs. We aim to contribute to the literature by bringing new knowledge on performance and on women entrepreneurs. Indeed, the phenomenon called "underperformance" is questioned, and the performance of small firms is seen from another angle. Then, on a practical level, politics need to understand certain phenomena and behaviors. That would help them to put in place the necessary devices to better guide women enrepreneurs and especially to encourage them

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Monsen, Erik Willard. "Employees do matter: Autonomy, teamwork and corporate entrepreneurial culture". Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3178339.

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Zhang, Xianguang Peter. "Entrepreneurial culture in transition-period China a rhetorical critique /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337556.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Communication and Culture, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 24, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: A, page: 4187. Adviser: Robert L. Ivie.

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Subandono, Subandono. "Institutions, croissance économique et entrepreneuriat : causes et conséquences des activités entrepreneuriales sur le développement économique des régions indonésiennes". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010041.

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Le but de cette thèse est d'examiner les causes et les conséquences des activités productives des entrepreneurs. Cette étude utilise la base de données sur les régions d'Indonésie pour mettre à l'épreuve des faits nos hypothèses. Le premier chapitre scrute le rôle de l'entrepreneur dans la dynamique du marché du travail. Son originalité est d'introduire la structure du chômage et de travailleur indépendant pour expliquer la relation entre l'entrepreneuriat et le chômage. Le deuxième chapitre cherche à renouveler le raisonnement sur les relations entre les institutions et l'entrepreneuriat. La particularité de cette étude est d'expliquer ces relations au travers de l'ontologie d'Aristote de la contingence et de la prudence. Le troisième chapitre étudie les conséquences de la diversité culturelle sur l'entrepreneuriat. Nous proposons que la diversité culturelle n'influence pas seulement la compétence des individus à découvrir des opportunités, mais qu'elle se trouve également à l'origine de ces opportunités. Le quatrième chapitre étudie les effets des activités productives des entrepreneurs sur la croissance économique. Nous proposons quatre types de modèles économiques: Innovation-économie managériale, innovation-économie entrepreneuriale, imitation-économie managériale et imitation-économie entrepreneuriale. Le cinquième chapitre a pour but de comprendre les conséquences de l'entrepreneuriat sur le processus de la convergence économique. Nous proposons que l'égalisation du capital entrepreneurial à la période initiale soit un facteur nécessaire à la formation de convergence club
This dissertation aims to examine the causes and consequences of entrepreneurial productive activities. This study makes use Indonesian cross-region database to investigate empirically our hypotheses. The first chapter observes the role of entrepreneurship in the dynamic of the labor markets. The value of this chapter is to consider the structure of unemployment and self-employment to uncover the entrepreneurship-unemployment relationships. The second chapter seeks to renew the explanation of the relationships between institutions and entrepreneurship. The originality is to explain this relationship through Aristotle's ontology of contingency and prudence. The third chapter investigates the consequences of cultural diversity on entrepreneurship. We propose that cultural heterogeneity not only influences the ability to discover profit opportunities, but it also is the origin of these opportunities. The fourth chapter studies the effect of entrepreneurial productive activities of economic growth. The novelty of this chapter is to propose that a country's model of economic growth may fall into four possible economic models: innovation-managed economy or innovationentrepreneurial economy and imitation-managed economy or imitation-entrepreneurial economy. The fifth chapter aims to understand the consequences of entrepreneurship on the process of convergence. We propose that the equalization of entrepreneurial capital at the initial period is a conditioning factor of convergence club formation and different types of entrepreneurship based on technology intensity matters for explaining the process of catch-up

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Sousa, António Nogueira de. "Caracterização do perfil dos empreendedores no contexto dos valores da cultura organizacional das micro e pequenas empresas da zona amazónica no Brasil". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22384.

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O objetivo desta dissertação é caraterizar o perfil dos empreendedores no contexto dos valores da cultura organizacional das micro e pequenas empresas da zona Amazónica no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na realização de uma sondagem com recurso a um questionário aplicado a uma amostra de 370 micro e pequenos empreendedores de Macapá, capital do Estado do Amapá. Dadas as dificuldades no acesso cognitivo aos dados desta amostra, esta teve de ser definida por conveniência. Os resultados evidenciaram atitudes positivas em relação ao empreendedorismo, dificuldades a superar e também a necessidade de reforçar as capacidades e as possibilidades dos empreendedores através de aprendizagem, formação e apoios. Este estudo pretende contribuir com informação útil que possa conduzir à implementação bem-sucedida de políticas dirigidas ao desenvolvimento das micro e pequenas empresas da zona Amazónica no Brasil; ABSTRACT: The aim of this dissertation is to characterize the entrepreneurs’ profile of micro and small enterprises in Brazilian Amazonia within the context of organizational culture and values. The methodology adopted was based on a survey and the instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire applied to a sample of 370 micro and small entrepreneurs from Macapá, capital of the State of Amapá. A convenience sampling was used due to difficulties in cognitive access to the data from this sample. The results showed positive attitudes towards entrepreneurship, difficulties to overcome and also the need to reinforce entrepreneurs’ knowledge, capabilities and possibilities by means of learning, training and financial support. This dissertation hopes to contribute with effective information for the successful implementation of policies driven to the development of the micro and small firms in Brazilian Amazonia.

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Buccieri, Dominic. "International New Venture Performance: Role of International Entrepreneurial Culture, Marketing and Positional Advantage". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1525445562087805.

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Mosenogi, Kenetswe Norah. "The cooperative as a model to foster an entrepreneurial culture in South Africa / Mosenogi K.N". Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7349.

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One of the great challenges facing the South African economy is to increase the number and variety of viable and sustainable economic enterprises. We have a history that has brought about many interruptions in the development of enterprises in particular. This has been particularly associated with our racial history and the destruction of wealth in black hands in both the rural and urban areas. It has adverse effects on income distribution, entrepreneurship and employment creation. The recent history of South Africa cannot ignore the role of cooperatives in developing its economic foundation. Cooperatives in the financial, service and agricultural sectors were backbones of the apartheid economy, hence we see the cooperative idea resonates on numerous platforms in the democratic Government as part of its empowerment discourse and addressing the national objective of economic growth, poverty and unemployment reduction. A number of studies have identified that the culture of entrepreneurship is one of the prerequisites for the prosperity and the high rate of economic development registered by most of the developed countries. However in terms of South Africa, the low level of entrepreneurship activity compared to its peers has been identified as one of the key factors responsible for the low rate of economic growth experienced by South Africa over the past 10 years, and cooperatives as model can be a solution to foster entrepreneurial culture and as a result maximise economic growth, reduce poverty and unemployment.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

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Daley, KaRyn Elizabeth. "The Role of Documentary Film in the Emerging Social Entrepreneurial Culture". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5663.

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Considering the current skepticism surrounding the impact and efficacy of nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, some believe that a unique category of innovator known as the social entrepreneur may be society’s best hope for bringing innovative, scalable, and systemic solutions to bear on the world’s most intractable problems. Social entrepreneurs, as defined by Ashoka, have a unique set of characteristics that determine not only how they move within the world of social change-making but also how they communicate their ideas and mission to the public. This exploratory study reviewed how social entrepreneurs currently use documentary film and visual media in their communications strategy and public relations practice, what that tells us about the emerging culture of social entrepreneurs, and whether documentary, as defined by John Grierson, is an appropriate tool for these organizations. The author interviewed three founders, three communications professionals, and three filmmakers associated with social entrepreneurial organizations and observed a course for student filmmakers learning to make documentaries for social entrepreneurs. The findings of this study suggested that social entrepreneurs used documentary film as a communications tool when it aligned with their stated missions and goals but that cost, time, and control were significant barriers to implementation. Additionally, social entrepreneurs in all phases of development exhibited a unique set of cultural characteristics that interacted with the intent, content, and effect of their films in both positive and negative ways. The author also noted three distinct levels of filmmaker involvement with social entrepreneurial organizations that impacted the intent, content, and effect of their respective films. These levels of involvement are described as collaborative, independent, and interdependent. While the author offers some provocative observations about the role of documentary in social entrepreneurial organizations, this study remains exploratory in nature. She suggests several additional avenues of research that may further the scholarly conversation and continue to shed light on documentary film as communication for and by social entrepreneurs.

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SI, ENZHE. "PRIDE AND PREJUDICE : A NEW VERSION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION". Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148951.

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The purpose of this thesis is to present an empirical finding in the area of culture and entrepreneurial intention. The author developed an entrepreneurial culture measure regard to values of proudness and prejudice based on the data from the World Values Survey. Entrepreneurial intention as the dependent variable was draw from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Consortium (GEM) ’s 2006 dataset. The data sample contains 27 countries. The result shows the newly developed culture measure is negatively correlated with entrepreneurial intention, which means countries have high level of prejudice towards certain social groups such as women or immigrants could lead to lower level of entrepreneurial intention. A series of robustness tests were conducted to test the fitness of the model. In general these tests do support the robustness of the finding. However as for the shortage of the small sample size, future research is still needed to confirm this finding.

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Dallaire, Géraldine. "Le projet pour aborder le processus entrepreneurial dans le secteur culturel". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAG012.

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La figure de l’entrepreneur culturel est présente depuis que l’art existe. Cependant, certains auteurs comme Ellmeier (2003) expliquent que le passage d’une économie post-industrielle à une économie du savoir a favorisé l’économisation de la culture ainsi que la culturalisation de l’économie. Néanmoins, si l’entrepreneur dans la culture se trouve sous les projecteurs des politiques et des acteurs économiques, les contributions à la production scientifique restent encore modestes. Pourtant, si nous souhaitons favoriser son développement, il importe d’affiner notre connaissance de cet acteur. Aussi, ce projet de thèse souhaite contribuer à combler le fossé entre une surexposition politique, économique, médiatique, et une sous-exposition au sein de la recherche. Plus précisément, il fournit des éléments de repère favorisant la construction d’un écosystème et d’outils d’accompagnement aidant les entrepreneurs à croître avec succès. À cette fin, ce travail cherche à saisir la façon dont leurs acteurs inscrivent les projets entrepreneuriaux dans leurs trajectoires professionnelles. Il s’agit de comprendre ce qui les guide lors de leur prise de décisions et de leurs actions quant à la création ou au développement d’une organisation, ainsi que la façon dont celle-ci s’articule avec leurs projets de vie. Cette thèse donne ainsi des éléments de réponses à la question de recherche suivante : comment le couple acteur/projet évolue-t-il au cours du processus entrepreneurial? En termes méthodologiques, je m’inscris dans les approches narratives, dont l’objet d’étude est le récit de vie (Bertaux, 2005). Cette approche implique d’analyser et de comprendre les situations à partir du vécu des individus (Sanséau, 2005). Le processus entrepreneurial est ainsi abordé au travers de narrations, afin de comprendre les interprétations des participants d’eux-mêmes, du projet entrepreneurial et de leur environnement
Art entrepreneurs have always existed. However, some auteurs highlight the recent attention this figure received from politics and economics actors. Ellmeier (2003), by example, explains that the shift from post-industrial to knowledge society promoted the emergence of this figure. However, if art and cultural entrepreneurs interest economics and politics actors, contributions to scientific research are still modest.Nevertheless, if we want to encourage its development, it’s important to refine our knowledge on this figure. This is why, this thesis aims to bridge the gap between an over-exposure in society and an under-exposure in the scientific work. The main purpose is to produce a better understanding of this figure. Which would give us elements contributing to build an ecosystem and create support programs, that would help cultural entrepreneurs to develop their business with success.To this end, this project seeks to capture the way entrepreneurs projects fit into their professional trajectories. More specifically, it is about understanding what guides these actors in their decisions and actions, when they create and develop an organization and how they relate to their life projects. More specifically, I focus on this research question : How does the actor-project couple evolves during the entrepreneurial process?To answer, I use narrative methodology. This approach implies to observe situations from the individuals lives experiences. Namely, entrepreneurial process is viewed through actors representations of themselves, of the entrepreneurial project and of their environment

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Urban, Boris. "Understanding the moderating effect of culture and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08262004-142029.

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Sandell-Gandara, Alejandro. "Entrepreneurial Spirit and Immigrant Self-employment". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2055.

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This paper investigates the effect of entrepreneurial spirit on immigrant entrepreneurship in the United States. Entrepreneurial spirit refers to attitudes and perceptions towards entrepreneurship, or general self-employment. I address the home country self-employment hypothesis and examine the effect of home country self-employment rates on immigrant self-employment outcomes. I find a negative effect of home country self-employment rates on immigrant self-employment rates and thus, reject the home country self-employment hypothesis. I argue that home country self-employment rates over-estimate entrepreneurial spirit because they are largely driven by the world’s poorest people who are less likely emigrate to the U.S. I address this issue by using immigrants’ home country’s Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) as a measure of immigrant entrepreneurial spirit. I find that the GEI has a positive effect on immigrant self-employment rates, and provide evidence that entrepreneurial spirit has a positive effect on immigrant entrepreneurship in the U.S.

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Olsson, Henric y Anders Eriksson. "Instilling an entrepreneurial culture in a small growth-oriented firm : An explorative study using a shadowing approach". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28659.

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Good working conditions have become one of the most important factors in today’s Swedish workplaces. The impact that culture has on companies and their atmosphere is of great importance for overall productivity. Existing research has mainly focused on large established businesses. As a consequence, the work that has been conducted on small entrepreneurial companies is limited. There are studies highlighting the difficulty of transitioning from a small firm to a large entrepreneurial firm. Still, there is a lack of studies investigating this process in depth. Gaining insight into this process is highly relevant for practitioners, policy makers and researchers alike. Therefore, we have chosen to study this field closer. In order to explore this field and to dive deeper within the concept of organizational culture, a shadowing method has been used on a newly started growth oriented company. The company is founded by two opportunity driven leaders who strongly believe in a happy workplace where the focus lies on the individual and where problems are met with a “how hard can it be” attitude. We followed the firm for 8 weeks. During that time we were present full time in their facilities, conducted formal interviews, informal interviews, interacted with employees and the entrepreneurs during lunches and small gatherings. In order to develop an entrepreneurial culture they follow an ideology that is based on a few cornerstones; they strive to have short decision paths, a familial atmosphere, individual focus, strong commitment mixed with a fun factor. When investigating how the culture expresses itself we have found four different forums of particular interest; the office where the decision process takes place, the group meetings where beliefs and values are shared, the individual meetings where feedback is provided and the recruitment process where the cultural marketing takes place. Our conclusion is that these forums work together in a circular motion that expresses – shapes - shares - aligns the organizational culture of this small and young company.

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Dodd, Derek. "Lost in translation? : non-STEM academics in the 'entrepreneurial' university". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11831.

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This study set out to explore the ways in which non-STEM academics, working within UK universities that had positioned themselves publicly as ‘entrepreneurial’ institutions, interpret and negotiate the related concepts of the entrepreneurial academic and university. The entrepreneurial university concept has become a ubiquitous theme in higher education and policy literatures in recent decades, having been described variously as an ‘idea for its time’ (Shattock, 2010) and the ‘end-point of the evolution of the idea of the university’ (Barnett, 2010, p.i). This research set out to interrogate some of the key ways in which this institutional form, and the corresponding concept of the entrepreneurial academic, have been discursively constructed by advocates in the UK and beyond. Further to this, the study aimed to collect narratives of experience from non-STEM academics employed by self-described ‘entrepreneurial’ universities, both to enquire into how they interpreted the ‘entrepreneurial paradigm’, and to invite them to report on how they felt that their university’s assumption of an enterprise mission had, or had not, influenced its organisational ‘culture’ and their subjectively experienced academic work-lives. The researcher’s interest in the relationship between enterprise discourse and the organisational ‘culture’ of universities stemmed from the apparent consensus within the scholarly and policy literature about the need for universities to develop an integrated ‘entrepreneurial culture’ (Clark, 1998, p.7)(Gibb, 2006b, p.2)(Rae, Gee and Moon, 2009) by pursuing a policy of ‘organisational culture change’, with culture here denoting ‘the realm of ideas, beliefs, and asserted values’ (Kwiek, 2008, p.115) which inhere within institutions. To this end, a series of semi-structured, interpretive interviews were carried out with participants from a range of non-STEM disciplines, working in a variety of university types in the UK. The researcher then employed a discourse-analytic method to delineate some of the ‘discursive repertoires’ that participants used to account for their professional practices, and report on their experiences in - and understandings of - the entrepreneurial university. What emerged from this analysis was a complex picture of ‘enterprise discourse’ within the contemporary university setting, as well as a general tendency amongst participants to adopt a position of ontological scepticism where the issue of ‘university culture’ was concerned. Further to this, it was determined that the ‘inclusive’ interpretation of entrepreneurialism typically employed by advocates for the paradigm had not generally been taken up by participants, for whom it was, for the most part, a phenomenon associated variously with ‘managerialism’, ‘market values’, ‘the business agenda’, ‘income generation’, ‘money making’, and the figure of the ‘individual, lone, romantic, heroic capitalist’. Additionally, where subjects were conversant in broader, more ‘social’ conceptions of academic entrepreneurialism, they typically reported that it was rarely articulated in the internal communications of their respective universities.

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Katono, Isaac Wasswa. "Cultural predictions of entrepreneurial orientation and the moderating role of entrepreneurial competencies on graduate entrepreneurial intentions: A cross-sectional survey of East Africa". Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32745.

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This research project examines a theoretical gap (impact of culture on entrepreneurial orientation EO) to try and mitigate a practical problem (unemployment) among graduates in three East African countries: Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Unemployment would be mitigated if only graduates embraced entrepreneurship by starting their own business projects, and many governments have encouraged their youth/graduates to do this. Unfortunately, graduate student interest in entrepreneurial activities in many countries in Africa is very low, and the three study countries are no exception to this trend. While many explanations have been advanced for this phenomenon, a key theoretical gap left unattended in entrepreneurship research is the way in which culture impacts upon EO and how this affects entrepreneurial intention (EI), yet EO is often considered the most important variable in the formative stage of a given project. A close look at how culture influences EO is important because EO is unexplainable without considering the socio-cultural framework in which it is embedded, since it can be supportive or a hindrance to entrepreneurship in different contexts. Thus the key question which this study tries to address is: „Does culture constrain the development of a strong EO, eventually leading to low start-up in this region?‟ Specifically, can the low graduate start-up in these countries be explained by the impact of five cultural orientation dimensions (ambiguity intolerance, power distance, masculinity, independence and interdependence) and ability perception variables (achievement motivation and learning goal orientation LGO) on two variables of EO namely risk taking and proactiveness? How does gender affect these relationships? Besides gender, this study also sought to know the level of prevalence in the study population of three other important culturally influenced variables in entrepreneurship literature namely experience, fear of failure and modernity in order to throw more light on the study problem In particular, given that individuals with a modern outlook are somehow liberated from firm cultural norms, this study sought to establish whether students with a more modern outlook differ from those with a less modern one in terms of the study variables. Further, does optimism another important culturally inclined characteristic of entrepreneurs moderate the relationship between EO and entrepreneurial intention? Some authors argue, however, that culture does not matter; rather, what matters are the entrepreneurial competencies of an entrepreneur. Hence another major question addressed in the current study is to what extent do entrepreneurial competencies (such as knowledge/networks) moderate the relationship between EO and entrepreneurial intention? Using the theory of planned behavior (TPB), upper echelons theory and image theory, this study seeks to address these questions based on a pragmatic paradigm and thus a mixed methods approach in two phases. Phase one of the study was qualitative consisting of non- structured interviews and conversations with various stake holders and is the basis upon which the study instrument was refined. Phase two was quantitative, utilizing a cross-sectional survey research design based on a non random sampling to gather data from finalists in business faculties in three public and two private universities in the study countries (N=1086) during their classes. Data analysis consisted of three phases, comprising ten steps. Phase one was more of a preliminary analysis and consisted of five steps: Generation of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, and normality tests in step 1, T-tests to gauge the prevalence of experience, fear of failure, and modernity as well as a MANOVA to gauge the prevalence of the cultural dimensions in each study country in step 2, Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by Varimax/promax rotation to examine the factor structures of the study dimensions in step 3, followed by examination of validity (construct validity, discriminant validity) and reliability for all study instruments (alpha and composite reliability, CR) in Step 4, while step 5 confirmed the factor structure of the measures using confirmatory factor analysis CFA (Lisrel 8.8). The second phase utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) based on latent variables (using AMOS 23) to first estimate a CFA model, followed by a structural baseline model for all data combined (omnibus model) in step 6. This was followed by fitting the baseline model into each country data set in step 7. In step 8, data was divided by gender into male and female samples and by modernity into low and high modernity groups and the baseline model was fitted into each of these four data sets. This was followed by invariance tests between the gender sets and modernity sets as a basis for their meaningful comparison (step 9). The third phase utilized the process macro in SPSS (step 10) to conduct the moderation analysis. Study findings indicate that in all three countries, only 50% of the respondents had some sort of start-up experience. A third (31%) of the students in the three countries indicated that fear of failure would prevent them from starting a business, while the rest indicated that it would not. Further, students who do not regard fear of failure as a barrier to entrepreneurial activities scored significantly higher on proactiveness, knowledge, achievement motivation and modernity in all the three countries, while in at least two of these countries, these people scored significantly higher on risk taking, networking and learning goal orientation. This finding confirms that fear of failure is an important barrier to graduate entrepreneurship in this region. Turning to the structural models in SEM, findings indicate that the low start-up rate in these countries can be attributed to the negative impact of ambiguity intolerance (the most problematic variable), power distance, and lack of an optimistic bias as well as possible negative attitude towards those with an independent cultural orientation. However, Independence and Interdependence support EO, in agreement with researchers who assert that both cultural variables are good for entrepreneurship. Theoretically, the study makes an extension of the TPB since achievement motivation predicts intention in all study samples (apart from Kenya and Tanzania). In terms of gender, there are no significant differences on the reported levels of risk taking; however females score significantly higher on proactiveness. Further structural models indicate that males are more achievement oriented than females, while the low modernity group seems to be more entrepreneurial than the high modernity group. Lastly, networks and knowledge moderate the relationship between risk taking/proactiveness and intention, while optimism does not. The study calls for a revision of the curriculum to include tolerance for ambiguity, proactiveness and autonomy courses in entrepreneurship education as well as a change in the mode of delivery of this subject. A transformation in the education systems of the three countries is needed to produce critical thinkers and to introduce entrepreneurship early in the education system to make everyone appreciate entrepreneurship, thus nurturing an entrepreneurial culture.

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Coralic, Alen y Eldar Secic. "The Entrepreneurial Process Revisited : Immigrant entrepreneurship and cultural perceptions". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-16940.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore how culture influences the perception of entrepreneurship, in the context of immigrant entrepreneurs in a non-core region in Sweden. Our theoretical framework consists of previous research about the entrepreneurial process, and cultural differences on national, local and business level. A conceptualization of the entrepreneurial process is combined with a three-layer theoretical framework of culture. Namely a national, a local and a business culture. The source for this empirical research are Balkan immigrants that came to Sweden during the 1990s because of the Balkan war, and are now entrepreneurs in Karlskrona, Sweden. The research method used in this thesis is interpretivistic with an abductive research approach. The empirical data was gathered through in-depth interviews. The empirical results have helped us understand that the perception of the entrepreneurial process distinguishes itself depending on culture. The main findings in our research imply that the Balkan entrepreneurs in Karlskrona, Sweden, feel that they became entrepreneurs because of non-satisfaction within social conditions. And that the Balkan entrepreneurs have adapted more to the Swedish culture in their way of working as entrepreneurs. They believe that adaption is the key to entrepreneurial success when creating value and developing a firm. However, the Balkan entrepreneurs feel that they are still under influence by the Balkan culture as well. This thesis contributes with an insight on how the entrepreneurial process is influenced by culture.

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Liuhto, Kari Tapani. "The entrepreneurial and management cultural transformation in independent Estonia". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2075/.

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Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Cunha Caldeira. "Liderança e cultura organizacional: um estudo de caso na CETREL". Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2008. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/17266.

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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso, realizado na Cetrel – Empresa de Proteção Ambiental, localizada no Pólo Industrial de Camaçari, e teve como objetivo investigar a percepção dos integrantes sobre a cultura organizacional baseada nas concepções filosóficas da Tecnologia Empresarial Odebrecht - TEO, a atuação dos líderes na disseminação dos princípios, conceitos e critérios da TEO e a sua prática na Empresa. A fundamentação teórica se refere aos temas liderança, cultura organizacional e a Tecnologia Empresarial Odebrecht - TEO, com uma abordagem sobre a importância da liderança, alguns conceitos, principais teorias e características da liderança eficaz. É destacado o modelo da liderança transformacional, de Burns, que é referência no modelo de análise do trabalho. No tema cultura organizacional, é abordado alguns conceitos, modelos e a importância dos líderes nesse tema. É destacado o modelo de Schein, também referência do modelo de análise do trabalho. A metodologia de pesquisa foi survey, através de questionário auto-aplicável, que foi respondido pelos empregados da Organização estudada. O resultado indicou que na percepção dos integrantes, há aceitação do modelo de cultura organizacional adotado, porém a prática das concepções filosóficas e a atuação dos líderes na disseminação dessa cultura, ainda não é visualizada por uma significativa parte dos integrantes. This paper consists of a case study, carried out at Cetrel (Empresa de Proteção Ambiental), located in the Industrial Complex of Camaçari, a town close to the capital of the state of Bahia, Brazil. It aimed to investigate the participants’ perception of organizational culture based on the philosophical conceptions of Odebrecht Entrepreneurial Technology (TEO), the leaders’ role in the dissemination of the principles, concepts and criteria of Odebrecht Entrepreneurial Technology (TEO), and its practice in the corporation. The theoretical basis refers to themes like leadership, organizational culture and the Odebrecht Entrepreneurial Technology (TEO), focusing on the importance of leadership, some concepts, main theories and characteristics of effective leadership. Highlight is given to Burns’s model of transformational leadership, used here as reference in the analysis model. As for organizational culture, some concepts, models and the importance of leaders on this subject are discussed. Schein’s model is also highlighted, being used as reference for the analysis model as well. The research methodology was that of a survey, through a self-administered questionnaire, which was answered by the employees of the above mentioned company. The results showed that according to the participants’ perception, there is acceptance of the adopted model of organizational culture, however the practice of the philosophical conceptions and the leaders’ role in the dissemination of this culture, still have not been seen by a significant part of the participants.

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de, Nobrega Mischa. "Characteristics of subsidiary entrepreneurial culture in a post-acquisition environment : the case of Libstar". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97004.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research set out to prove that subsidiary entrepreneurial culture in a postacquisition environment is different from entrepreneurial culture in an independently owned company. Whereas independently owned companies focus on their own successes and failures, acquired companies are constantly required to take into consideration the parameters and objectives set by headquarters. Little is known about what occurs within the subsidiary post-acquisition, and how managerial structures and processes either stimulate or hinder the entrepreneurial culture, which is an aspect often neglected during the acquisition process. This study aims to address the uncertainty regarding which key characteristics constitute subsidiary entrepreneurial culture in a post-acquisition environment, and aims to expand the currently inadequate body of knowledge on subsidiary entrepreneurial culture. Based on the theoretical frameworks of intrapreneurship, multinational subsidiary entrepreneurship and international entrepreneurship, an interview guide was developed and used as the primary research instrument. Data was collected by means of semistructured interviews and data analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti. The qualitative, exploratory nature of the study necessitated a case study research design, which was based on a non-probability sample of five subsidiaries competing in the private-label food and beverage industry. Findings suggest that the components of subsidiary entrepreneurial culture in a postacquisition environment are: new businesses and ventures, product innovativeness, process innovativeness, self-renewal, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and subsidiary autonomy. Furthermore, entrepreneurial culture is enhanced by a subsidiary-driven locus of control and through headquarters’ support in the form of financial stability, structure and a future-oriented approach for long-term success. A framework of subsidiary entrepreneurial culture was developed with the aim of providing managers with an outline of the relevant determinants that can enhance subsidiary entrepreneurship. Managers should take note that although the locus of control may vary within each subsidiary, granting the subsidiary decision-making autonomy and the autonomy to manipulate its entrepreneurial orientation are key to nurturing the pre-established entrepreneurial culture. Future research agendas could incorporate perspectives from both the subsidiary and the headquarters. Analysis can also be done regarding the extent to which disruptive entrepreneurial culture may be diminished before it impacts negatively on business performance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om te bewys dat filiaal-entrepreneurskultuur in ’n na-verkrygingsomgewing verskil van entrepreneurskultuur in ’n maatskappy in onafhanklike besit. Terwyl maatskappye in onafhanklike besit op hulle eie suksesse en mislukkings fokus, word daar gedurig van verkrygde maatskappye vereis om die parameters en doelwitte wat deur die hoofkantoor gestel word, in ag te neem. Min is bekend oor wat ná verkryging binne die filiaal plaasvind, en oor hoe bestuurstrukture en -prosesse die entrepreneurskultuur daar óf stimuleer óf verhinder. Dít is ’n aspek wat dikwels tydens die verkrygingsproses verwaarloos word. Hierdie studie is daarop gemik om die onsekerheid aan te spreek oor wat ’n doeltreffende filiaal-entrepreneurskultuur in ’n na-verkrygingsomgewing behels, asook om die ontoereikende bestaande kennis oor filiaal-entrepreneurskultuur uit te brei. Deur gebruik te maak van die teoretiese raamwerke van intrapreneurskap, multinasionale filiaal-entrepreneurskap en internasionale entrepreneurskap is ’n onderhoudsgids ontwikkel en as die primêre navorsingsinstrument gebruik. Die data is met behulp van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude ingesamel, en die data-ontleding is met ATLAS.ti gedoen. Die kwalitatiewe, verkennende aard van die studie het ’n gevallestudie-navorsingsontwerp genoodsaak, wat gebaseer was op ’n niewaarskynlikheidsteekproef van vyf filiale wat meeding in die voedsel-en-drankbedryf vir privaat handelsmerke. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat die komponente van filiaal-entrepreneurskultuur in ’n na-verkrygingsomgewing die volgende is: nuwe besighede en ondernemings, produkinnovering, proses-innovering, selfvernuwing, risiko’s, proaktiwiteit, mededingende aggressie en filiaal-outonomie. Verder word entrepreneurskultuur versterk deur ’n filiaalgedrewe beheerlokus en deur die hoofkantoor se ondersteuning in die vorm van besigheidstelsels, -strukture en finansiële hulp. ’n Raamwerk vir filiaalentrepreneurskultuur is ontwikkel met die doel om bestuurders van ’n oorsig van die relevante determinante wat filiaal-entrepreneurskultuur kan versterk, te voorsien. Bestuurders behoort daarop te let dat alhoewel die beheerlokus binne elke filiaal mag wissel, die outonomie van ’n filiaal om besluite te neem en om hulle entrepreneursoriëntering te manipuleer van kardinale belang is om ’n voorafgevestigde entrepreneurskultuur te koester. Toekomstige navorsingsagendas sou sowel die filiaal as die hoofkantoor se perspektiewe kon inkorporeer. Daar is ook ruimte vir ’n ontleding van die mate waartoe ontwrigtende entrepreneurskultuur verminder kan word voordat dit die maatskappy se prestasie negatief beïnvloed.

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Mwelase, Mfanufikile Khethabahle. "Critical success factors affecting an entrepreneurial culture within black African communities in South Africa". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11659.

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South Africa is faced with many mutually reinforcing societal challenges which include, amongst others, a high rate of unemployment, poverty and inequality. The community that is mostly affected by these challenges is the black African community. In order to deal with the challenge of poverty and inequality which causes other societal problems, entrepreneurship and enterprise development becomes the answer. This view is supported by the body of knowledge available on the subject of entrepreneurship and enterprise development. This paper undertakes to understand critical success factors affecting entrepreneurial culture within black African communities in South Africa. In addition, this paper undertakes to investigate the perceived influence of education and training, access to funding, government policies (i.e. regulatory environment), government programmes, commercial and financial infrastructure, physical infrastructure, crime, corruption and social and cultural norms on the success of entrepreneurial culture development within black African communities. Propositions are made and tested through conducting in-depth interviews with individuals involved with the dynamics presented by this subject on a day to day basis. Evidence collected is interpreted into knowledge and finally recommendations are made.

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Kim, Jung Hoon. "The Effect of Institutional Dimensions and Cultural Dimensions on the Level of Entrepreneurial Activity Across Countries". FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3820.

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Entrepreneurship research is becoming more critical to policymakers and scholars around the world. However, few scholars have explored the effect of national culture or institutions on the entrepreneurial activity using cross-national data. Furthermore, most previous scholars have been limited to formal institutions as a theoretical structure to explore the entrepreneurial activity across countries. It is crucial to include formal, informal institutions and culture to better understand about how much or why entrepreneurial activity differs across countries. To fill this gap, this study investigates how national culture and institutions impact the level of entrepreneurial activity across 30 countries using cross-national dataset from the World Bank Dataset, the GEM report, and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions during the 5-year period from 2009 to 2013. Moreover, this study used two distinct measures of the level of entrepreneurial activity as dependent variables (i.e., the rate of new start-up companies and Total Entrepreneurial Activity). The results showed that individualism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and long-term orientation are essential for explaining the level of entrepreneurial activity across countries. However, the results indicated that only one of the regulative dimensions (i.e., the number of start-up procedures) was significantly related to the level of entrepreneurial activity. Therefore, the finding of this study concludes that national culture may play more important roles than institutions regarding the level of entrepreneurial activity across countries.

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Kyser, Diana. "THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: COMPANY CULTURE AS A REFLECTION OF FOUNDER PERSONALITY IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORGANIZATIONS". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/436065.

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Business Administration/Entrepreneurship
Ph.D.
This dissertation explores the connection between founder personality and organizational culture in founder-led entrepreneurial companies. With a focus on how founder personality affects culture, it draws from the literature in upper echelon/top management teams, family business and organizational psychology – notably the Attraction-Selection-Attrition (ASA: Schneider, 1987) and Person-Organization fit (P-O: O'Reilly, Chatman, & Caldwell, 1991) theories. Using a combination of ethnographic, psychological and organizational data from the founders and employees of four small firms from multiple industries, and a broader survey study of 336 respondents from 23 firms, it finds support for O’Reilly et al., (2014)’s CEO Personality-Culture link in the small-company setting. It also validates two new findings: 1) that employee personality traits can trump founder personality as an influence on culture, and 2) that founder involvement can moderate the impact of founder personality on culture. The dissertation concludes with plans for further research into the personality-organizational culture effects and thoughts about the applicability of these results for founders and consultants.
Temple University--Theses

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Métaxidès, Nicolas. "La diaspora hellénique en Afrique noire : esprit d'entreprise, culture et développement des Grecs au Cameroun". Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30017.

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Arrivés au Cameroun autour des années 1920, ils ont été étudiés selon trois perspectives, une perspective interne (leur itinéraire par rapport à leur projet migratoire, la constitution culturelle d’une diaspora, etc. ), les empreintes qu’ils ont laissées au pays d’accueil et les interférences qu’ils ont pu avoir avec le pays d’accueil par le biais de leurs entreprises. Minorité visible parmi d’autres étrangers, ils ont été au cœur du système colonial de traite. Ils se sont investis en intermédiaires dans les secteurs de l’économie coloniale. Très vite urbains après avoir été des aventuriers broussards avant, ils se constituent en communautés (1948). À partir de 1950 et des plans FIDES d’équipement des territoires coloniaux français, ce sera leur apogée. Ils monteront en gamme sur le plan économique. La croissance économique et l’urbanisation ont fait naître de nouvelles activités comme le bâtiment, la construction, la quincaillerie, les grands magasins, l’importation d’articles divers. La longue période d’ajustement structurel et la dévaluation du FCFA en 1994, ont découragé les hommes d’affaires grecs à la fois solidaires et concurrents. Leur fonction d’intermédiaire s’affaiblissant, une série d’activités qu’ils faisaient (exploitation forestière, transport) sont passées ainsi dans les mains des concurrents (Libanais, Bamiléké etc. ). Avec les indépendances, ils céderont le petit commerce aux nationaux, seront touchés par l’africanisation des entreprises et la concurrence d’entrepreneurs africains dynamiques. Ils gardent encore le commerce technologique sophistiqué, les supermarchés et ont de petits investissements industriels et une place de choix dans la boulangerie
Greeks arrived in Cameroon around 1920 and so they were examined from three perspectives, an internal perspective (their route based upon their migration, the cultural constitution of a diaspora, etc. ), the marks they have left to the host country and the interference they have had with the host country through their businesses. Being a visible minority among other foreigners, they were at the heart of the colonial system of trafficking. They invested in intermediate sectors of the colonial economy. Soon after urban adventurers before, they form communities (1948). Since 1950 and thanks to the FIDES plans concerning the development of French colonial territories, they will reach their peak. They will see their business expanding rapidly. Economic growth and urbanization created new activities such as building, construction, hardware, department stores, and the import of various items. The long period of structural adjustment and devaluation of the FCFA in 1994 discouraged the weakened and competition Greek businessmen. As their intermediary function, a number of their activities (forestry, transportation) placed in the hands of competitors like the Lebanese and the Bamileke. Since the country independence, they will lose their small business to the local people and they will subsequently be affected by the Africanization of business and competition dynamics of African entrepreneurs. They still keep sophisticated technology trade, supermarkets and small industrial investment and an important place in the bakery industry

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Matijewitsch, Fernando. "Construção da infância empreendedora: comunicação, consumo e ludicidade nos discursos sobre empreendedorismo para crianças". Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, 2018. http://tede2.espm.br/handle/tede/305.

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Faced with the entrepreneurship’s emergence as a moral paradigm applicable to both our professional and private lives (CASAQUI, 2016a), this study has the entrepreneurial culture as its theme, understood from its communication processes and its entanglements with the notion of childhood. At the present time, we can observe a growing dissemination of instructions for the practice of entrepreneurship by children: school, courses, toys, entertainment and media experiences, which share the objective of transmitting the spirit of leadership, the innovative creativity and the methods for opening new business. Therefore, for this research, we take the social discourse (ANGENOT, 2010) on entrepreneurship for children as an object, since it is identified, apart from the peculiarities of each specific language, as a great expression of the spirit of our time. Starting from the premise that childhood is a social artifact, not a biological category (POSTMAN, 2012), we are dealing with a context in which a series of discourses aim to sustain the justification logics of the new spirit of capitalism (BOLTANSKI and CHIAPELLO, 2009) for a new generation. Thus, our goal is to understand how childhood is produced by the discourses articulated to the entrepreneurial culture. In addition, we also seek to recognize the standards of conduct identified with children in this setting. Based on an extensive documentary research and a methodological proposal formed by the Grounded Theory (TAROZZI, 2011) and the French Discourse Analysis (ORLANDI, 2010) procedures, we will critically analyze the set of discourses that are willing to propagate the entrepreneurial society’s model conducts for kids.
Diante da emergência do empreendedorismo como paradigma moral aplicável à vida profissional e particular de todos (CASAQUI, 2016a), este trabalho tem como tema a cultura empreendedora, compreendida a partir de seus processos comunicacionais e em suas imbricações com a noção de infância. Em pauta, está a disseminação crescente de instruções para a prática do empreendedorismo por parte do público infantil: escolas, cursos, brinquedos, experiências lúdicas e midiáticas, que compartilham o objetivo de transmitir o espírito de liderança, a criatividade inovadora e os métodos para a abertura de novos negócios. Sendo assim, para esta pesquisa, tomamos como objeto o discurso social (ANGENOT, 2010) sobre empreendedorismo para crianças, uma vez que é identificado, à parte das peculiaridades de cada linguagem específica, como uma grande expressão do espírito de nosso tempo. Partindo da premissa de que a infância é um “artefato social, e não uma categoria biológica” (POSTMAN, 2012, p. 11), estamos tratando de um contexto em que uma série de discursos visam sustentar as lógicas de justificação do novo espírito do capitalismo (BOLTANSKI e CHIAPELLO, 2009) para a nova geração. Nosso objetivo, portanto, é compreender como a infância é produzida por esses discursos articulados à cultura empreendedora. Além disso, também procuramos reconhecer quais são as normas de conduta identificadas com as crianças nesse cenário. Com base em uma extensa pesquisa documental e uma proposta metodológica formada pelos procedimentos da Grounded Theory (TAROZZI, 2011) e da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa (ORLANDI, 2010), analisaremos criticamente o conjunto de discursos dispostos a propagar o modelo de conduta padrão da sociedade empreendedora para os pequenos.

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Alammari, Khalid. "From entrepreneurial intention to action : the role of self-regulation and cultural values the case of Saudi Arabia". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11299.

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Scholarship has recognised the importance of entrepreneurship for economic development. Increasingly, policy makers promote entrepreneurship as one of the solutions for unemployment concerns. However, although many people formulate entrepreneurial intention they fail to convert their intention into action; this problem is called the intention-action gap. The problem of intention-action gap is particularly salient in Saudi Arabia. Although people have positive perceptions about entrepreneurship and high entrepreneurial intention, the country’s entrepreneurial activity is low. This presents a barrier in achieving the country’s national strategy to create more entrepreneurs through the promotion of entrepreneurship. Here, raising an intention to become an entrepreneur does not equate to becoming an entrepreneur. Scholars often predict entrepreneurship by entrepreneurial intention. Thus, they assume that entrepreneurial intention is the best predictor of action. They use dominant intention models to predict entrepreneurial behaviour. However, there is compelling evidence that entrepreneurial intention alone is an insufficient predictor of subsequent entrepreneurial behaviour. Thus, it is inadequate to prepare people to deal with difficulties of initiating action and striving towards goal attainment. Hence, there is a need for a more proximal predictor of entrepreneurial behaviour that can promote goal striving. Self-regulation (simplistically thought of as ‘will-power’) has been shown to be a better and more reliable predictor of intention in other fields. In fact, it was found that supporting intention with self-regulation can enhance the action prediction by up to 18%. In entrepreneurship, self-regulation has been suggested to differentiate people with entrepreneurial intention from active entrepreneurs. Against this background, this thesis investigates the processes underlying the forming of entrepreneurial intention to identify predictors of self-regulation. Hence, it extends existing intention models with self-regulation that facilitate action initiation. Consequently, this study focuses on the link between entrepreneurial intention and self-regulation. In addition, due to the salient influence of culture in Saudi Arabia’s context, the study explores the effect of cultural values on entrepreneurial intention. The conceptual framework is developed to explain the link between entrepreneurial intention and self-regulation and the effect of cultural values. This proposed two main levels, namely, goal setting and goal striving. The former reflects forming entrepreneurial intention and deliberative mind-set. The latter reflects forming implementation intention and implemental mind-set. This model is then tested through questionnaires among 405 non-entrepreneurs working in the private sector in Saudi Arabia. The data collected are analysed using the statistical tool, partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The study found that several factors and their interactions are important to explain the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and self-regulation. First, concrete goal intention can be formulated through desirability, feasibility, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. However, this firm goal intention does not lead to self-regulation. Second, after formulating concrete goal intention, people can increase their self-regulation through implementation intention and optimism. The effect of cultural values is important as they appear to reduce entrepreneurial self-efficacy and, hence, decrease self-regulation. The outcomes have theoretical implications and lead to policy recommendations that can support better self-regulation and bridge the entrepreneurial intention-action gap, making a valued contribution to the development of entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia.

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Stewart, Hope. "Social Responsibility in Entrepreneurial Economies| A Cross-cultural Analysis of Stakeholder Management". Thesis, The American University of Paris (France), 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13871665.

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As global frontiers of innovation, countries leading the way in entrepreneurship are responsible for forging a new understanding of the role of business in society, one that considers the impact of cultural values on driving and maintaining dynamic forms of economic growth. This thesis will examine the role cultural factors play in creating a flourishing entrepreneurial environment and how they define the relationship between business and society while influencing expectations of social responsibility. It also explores whether certain social environments are more conducive to entrepreneurship, and as such what role entrepreneurs play in those societies to encourage economic development and innovation. Utilizing data obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the research of Geert Hofstede, traits associated with traditional entrepreneurship theory will be aligned with corresponding cultural dimensions. Traits associated with social responsibility will then be connected to their corresponding dimensions to determine their impact on new business activity, and to demonstrate that these countries may be more predisposed to practice stakeholder management. The case study will also include an examination of Hungary and what the research findings mean for countries with cultural dimensions reflecting traditional entrepreneurship theory rather than stakeholder theory, and provide recommendations as to how each cultural dimension can be adapted to improve stakeholder engagement with actors in both government and society. The thesis will demonstrate that today’s entrepreneurs are driven as much by the desire for affiliation as they are by the need for achievement, and undertaking an effective stakeholder strategy is the best way to fulfill that affiliation, thereby improving the entrepreneurial environment, encouraging innovation, and creating a strategy for entrepreneurs to be socially responsible.

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41

Almeida, Cátia Filipa Roque de. "Relação entre as dimensões culturais e a atividade empreendedora dos Países : evidência dos dados do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8053.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
Devido à elevada complexidade reconhecida no processo de criação e desenvolvimento de um negócio empreendedor, são já muitos os estudos que procuram responder à grande questão: o que potencia ou estimula verdadeiramente a ação empreendedora? Sabendo que os comportamentos adotados pelo indivíduo são influenciados ou condicionados pela Cultura Nacional do seu país, seria de antecipar que esta poderá representar um significativo preditor da Atividade Empreendedora (AE). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar e aferir em que medida ou em que condições a Cultura Nacional influencia os níveis de AE de cada país. Tendo como base o trabalho científico Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) que caracteriza as sociedades tendo em conta 9 Dimensões Culturais, e utilizando os dados relativos à Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), confirmou-se neste estudo uma relação significativa entre a Cultura Nacional e a AE. Culturas caracterizadas por: elevada Uncertainty Avoidance (Aversão à Incerteza) e Power Distance (Distância ao Poder), fraco In-group Collectivism (Coletivismo de Grupo) e elevada Performance Orientation (Orientação para a Desempenho) e Humane Orientation (Orientação Humana), potenciam o crescimento da AE. Pretendeu-se também analisar se esta relação significativa se verifica quando a motivação para empreender é justificada pela Necessidade (Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurial Activity). Neste caso, os resultados demonstram que a relação entre as Dimensões Culturais são ainda mais significativas, agregando a relação significativa com mais duas dimensões, elevada Institutional Collectivism (Coletivismo Institucional) e fraca Future Orientation (Orientação para o Futuro).
Due to the high recognized complexity in the process of creation and development of an entrepreneurial business, there are many studies seeking to answer the big question: what truly potentiates or stimulates the entrepreneurial action' Knowing that the behaviors adopted by the individual are influenced or conditioned by its country National Culture, it would be predictable that it can represent a significant predictor of the Entrepreneurial Activity (EA). So, the purpose of this study was to analyze and check in what dimension or in what conditions, the National Culture influences the levels of EA from each country. Based on the scientific work Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE), which characterizes societies base on 9 Cultural Dimensions, and using the data related to the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), it was confirmed on this study a meaningful relationship between the National Culture and the EA. Cultures characterized by: high Uncertainty Avoidance and Power Distance, weak In-group Collectivism and high Performance Orientation and Humane Orientation, enhance the growth of EA. It was also intended to analyze if this meaningful relationship was confirmed, when the entrepreneurship motivation is justified by the Need (Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurial Activity). In this case, the results show that the relationship between the Cultural Dimensions are even more significant, adding a meaningful relationship with two more cultural dimensions, high Institutional Collectivism and weak Future Orientation.

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42

Peachey, Valerie. "Staying the course: the life stories of eight entrepreneurial women". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/433.

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The impetus for this study was my own curiosity about how seasoned entrepreneurial women were able to stay the course. As someone who has experienced the world of the employee and that of the entrepreneur, my goal was to better understand how, within their varied personal contexts, the lifelong learning experiences of seasoned entrepreneurial women were shaped by socio-cultural influences, significant individuals, gender, and learning challenges. Theories and research on lifelong and biographical learning, entrepreneurial learning, women's learning, and entrepreneurial women's learning helped to frame the study. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews and focus groups with eight women entrepreneurs between the ages of 40 and 60, with 16 to 30 years' experience in running their service-oriented enterprise were conducted. These women's stories illustrate how serendipitous their careers were, that is, they did not begin their working lives thinking they would become entrepreneurs, rather, it became the path that best supported their desires, independence and creativity. They were shaped by and sometimes resisted parents' messages about the role that education, work and marriage with children should play in women's lives. How they faced and learned from adversity and from the support of business mentors and friends were also significant. As they reflected back on their lives, they have a strong sense of mastery. Success for them did not focus on finances, rather, their autonomy, freedom, and control over the direction of their lives and the development of strong caring relationships with others, were key. Their learning was dynamic and experiential, it was both self directed and drew on others' knowledge. Women contemplating an entrepreneurial path may find this study of interest as they can learn how others, particularly family, shape their dreams, how they might meet challenges and learn from adversity, and overall, how central lifelong learning is to the development of their entrepreneurial careers. Educators and policymakers need to appreciate the serendipitous nature of entrepreneurship, how they can create entrepreneurial experiences for students, and expose the learners to not only essential skills required to run a business, but also to the stories regarding the self-development of successful entrepreneurs

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43

Salimath, Manjula S. "Social institutions and culture as drivers of cross-national entrepreneurial activity application and extensions of Institutional Anomie Theory of Entrepreneurship /". Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2006/m%5Fsalimath%5F122605.pdf.

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Castro, MaurÃcio Mendes Boavista de. "Factors for the formation of culture entrepreneurial university student PiauÃ from business games: experience design challenge sebrae". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3827.

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nÃo hÃ
The purpose of this work is to observe and gather information, so the research can evaluate the variables and how these variables contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial capacity of the college students from PiauÃ, for that the research used more than a thousand students from twenty-two different colleges. The research sample was formed by two observation groups, one group was considered as successful and the other one as unsuccessful, according to their performance on the DESAFIO SEBRAE, 2008 phases. All the questions and attributes that were analyzed have some connection with the measurement of the degree and impact of the development of the entrepreneurial capacity on college students. In order to get the answers, the researcher used the 5.0 E-view econometric model. The results were showed in tables, graphics and statistical analysis that were built from the essential crossing in order to attend the studyâs goals. This study intend to stimulate a review and re-evaluation of some currently strategies that concerns to public politics about graduating college students that are the future market professional and provide information for new and future research in this area.
O presente trabalho apresenta como finalidade pesquisar, observar, colher informaÃÃes no sentido de avaliar as variÃveis e descobrir de que forma essas variÃveis contribuem para a formaÃÃo da capacidade empreendedora dos estudantes universitÃrios piauienses. Para tanto, foi utilizado um universo de mais de um mil alunos, de vinte e duas instituiÃÃes de ensino superior. A amostra da pesquisa buscou a representatividade, em igualdade de nÃmero, distribuÃdos em dois grupos de observaÃÃo, considerando um como sendo o grupo de sucesso e o outro como o grupo de sucesso, a partir das suas participaÃÃes nas diversas etapas do jogo DESAFIO SEBRAE, versÃo 2008. Todos os quesitos e atributos avaliados estÃo relacionados com a mensuraÃÃo do grau e impacto sobre a capacidade de formaÃÃo da capacidade empreendedora do aluno universitÃrio. Para a obtenÃÃo das respostas pretendidas, foi utilizado o modelo economÃtrico E-views 5.0, que apresentou os resultados em tabelas, grÃficos e avaliaÃÃes estatÃsticas, com os cruzamentos essenciais para o atendimento e desenvolvimento dos objetivos propostos pelo estudo. Com esse estudo, pretende-se possibilitar a revisÃo e reavaliaÃÃo de algumas estratÃgias atualmente implementadas e outras a serem estabelecidas, sobretudo no que concerne Ãs polÃticas pÃblicas voltadas para a formaÃÃo do nosso aluno universitÃrio, futuro profissional de mercado, proporcionando ainda, um novo patamar de novas e futuras pesquisas realizadas por estudiosos da Ãrea.

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45

Chung, Ka Wai. "Leadership, innovation capability, and SME's product innovation performance :the moderating roles of reward philosophy and entrepreneurial culture". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/727.

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Innovation is vital to the survival and prosperity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Such firms have the inherent liability of limited resources, which creates a barrier to their pursuit of innovative activities. To compete with larger incumbents and sustain competitive advantages, leaders, the principal decision-makers, play a key role in devising innovation strategies and have overall responsibility for firms' ultimate performance. This study draws on the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities perspective (DC) to develop a model linking leadership (resource) to innovation (dynamic capability) and product innovation performance (sustainable competitive advantage). In addition, it suggests that reward philosophy and entrepreneurial culture can enhance or hinder the effect of transformational and transactional leadership on exploratory and exploitative innovation in the context of SMEs. Using a quantitative research method, 151 valid pairs of questionnaires (i.e. 302 respondents) were collected from the top management of small and medium-sized manufacturing firms in China. The empirical findings showed that transformational leadership behaviors could foster both exploratory and exploitative innovations. Transactional leaders, consistent with the literature, could facilitate exploitative activities, but not exploratory innovation. The data analysis also indicated that different types of innovation delivered different benefits to firms. In addition, reward philosophy and entrepreneurial culture had divergent moderating effects on the relationship between leadership style and innovative outcome.

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46

Tunarosa, Andrea. "Not Your Average Cup O'Joe: A Cultural Perspective on the Construction of Entrepreneurial Possibilities in the U.S. Specialty Coffee Segment, 1975-2016". Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108987.

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Thesis advisor: Mary Ann Glynn
This dissertation examines the construction of entrepreneurial possibilities, i.e., opportunities for entrepreneurial action (Lounsbury & Glynn, 2019: 37) in an institutional field. In particular, I conceptualize the field as a relational space (Wooten & Hoffman, 2008) made up of multiple actors and their identities, and set out to unpack the relational and cultural dynamics that shape what actors imagine and construe as possible. I conduct an historical ethnography (Vaughan, 2004) situated in the context of the U.S. specialty coffee segment. Building from a wealth of data, including archival, interview, and observational data, I trace the actions of a particular group within the field—roasters—and ask how, when, and why different sets of roasters spearheaded the assembly of new entrepreneurial possibilities in the field. My findings situate the actual construction of an entrepreneurial possibility as resulting from a two-part process involving: (1) the revealing of relational and cultural holes through field-level events, and (2) the bridging of these symbolic holes by actors in distinct field-level positions (e.g., insiders, outsiders, and ‘outsiders within’). Relational spaces referred to the symbolic void existing between actors who did not relate with one another (e.g., between farmers and roasters). Cultural spaces, or holes (Lizardo, 2014; Pachucki & Breiger, 2010; Vilhena et al., 2014 West, Evans & Bergstrom, 2014) referred to gaps or absences of shared meanings, tastes, or interests that led to impoverished relations between actors. As such, the dissertation offers insights on the cultural embeddedness of assembling entrepreneurial possibilities (e.g., Weber, Heinze, & DeSoucey, 2008) and especially, on the collective nature of revealing and seizing spaces of opportunity. Importantly, my work complements current research examining the link between identity and the flexibility of new ventures (Zuzul & Tripsas, 2019) by showing how, early on, when the field was dominated by one type of actor (e.g., commercial roasters), the spaces of opportunity that opened up revealed essential differences regarding the identity component of ‘who we are.’ As the field evolved, the ‘who we are’ varied less, but differences regarding ‘what we do’ became central to the assembly of new entrepreneurial possibilities. Overall, the dissertation extends the reach of cultural entrepreneurship (Gehman & Soublière, 2017; Lounsbury, Gehman, & Ann Glynn, 2019b; Lounsbury & Glynn, 2001) by casting it as a lens that can deepen our understanding of multiple facets of the entrepreneurial process, especially of its early stages where so much of what entrepreneurs do is riddled with uncertainty
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management
Discipline: Management and Organization

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47

Liang, Jieyi. "Cultural and Gender Experiences, Entrepreneurial Identity and Business Endeavours of Chinese Immigrant Entrepreneurs". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40614.

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Existing studies on the relationship between culture, gender and entrepreneurial identity of immigrant entrepreneurs have tended to focus exclusively on women. I set out to understand how Chinese immigrant men and women entrepreneurs construct their entrepreneurial identities based on cultural and gendered experiences. I asked: How do Chinese immigrant men and women entrepreneurs construct entrepreneurial identities based on their cultural and gender experiences? How are these experiences related to entrepreneurial endeavours and views of entrepreneurial success? Through a qualitative study of 20 in-depth interviews with 10 men and 10 women, I explored similarities and differences within and between the two groups. The findings show that both men and women narrated entrepreneurial identities as coming from nothing, reflecting the notion of “zero mindset” proposed in the literature. My study contributes by connecting coming-from-nothing to entrepreneurial endeavours and perceptions of success. I also show that there is a spectrum of cultural identities ranging from identifying strongly as Chinese to identifying as Chinese Canadian, and that positioning on this spectrum can influence business endeavours. The study also contributes by presenting a direct comparison between men and women immigrant entrepreneurs from the same home and host countries. It does so by showing that: women associated with the idea of “learning entrepreneurship”, whereas men associated with the concept of innately “being entrepreneur”; women tended to prioritize the gender role of mother and wife over the entrepreneurial role and to define success as stability in the business and balance between work and family, more so than men did.

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48

Osowska, Renata. "The meaning and development of entrepreneurial culture and its relationship to start-up behaviour : the case of Poland". Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.739950.

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Kalitanyi, Vivence. "Socio-cultural values as determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Cape Town". University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5215.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
In many parts of the world and in South Africa in particular, there is a growing body of literature supporting the opinion that intentions play a crucial role in the decision to become an entrepreneur. Models of entrepreneurial intentions around the world have been developed, but in South Africa studies in this regard are still inconclusive, especially among the youth. This research study primarily aimed at investigating how social, cultural and socio-economic factors of entrepreneurship students in the universities of the Western Cape Province shape their entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurial intentions, social factors, cultural values, as well as socioeconomic factors, were reviewed in the literature and are presented in this dissertation. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach through the amalgamation of both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. A survey questionnaire was administered to the respondents — entrepreneurship students from the University of Cape Town (UCT), the University of Stellenbosch (US), the University of the Western Cape (UWC) and the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT). Data collected was coded by means of the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22. Six variables out of nine of the instrument had a coefficient Alpha (Cronbach) of more than 0.7, while the remaining three had a coefficient Alpha of between 0.5 and 0.7; this extended its reliability. The study discovered that most of the items of the instrument had a positive relationship with their variables, leading to the variables being considered as having an influence on entrepreneurial intentions. In fact, the study found that social factors, as well as cultural values and socio-economic values, impact on self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. The result of the research is that the study suggests a model of entrepreneurial intentions among university students, and in the final chapter concludes with recommendations and suggestions for future research.

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Figueiredo, Camila Brandão Simurro. "Celebridades empreendedoras e narrativas inspiracionais: pacotes biopolíticos de Bel Pesce e Flávio Augusto da Silva (Geração de valor) no âmbito da comunicação e do consumo". Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, 2018. http://tede2.espm.br/handle/tede/306.

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The present study has as main theme the relations between communication, consumption and entrepreneurial culture, and as object of study the biographical and autobiographical narratives of Brazilian entrepreneurs, in this case, Bel Pesce and Flávio Augusto da Silva, present in its multiple digital media supports. We aim to understand how these agents resignify self-help literature in contemporary times, conceiving what we denominate “entrepreneurial self-help” (CASAQUI, 2017a). On the agenda, there is the maximum recurrence that everyone can, and should, be entrepreneurs regardless of any personal or financial barrier. In this scenario, it was possible to understand that these discourses intend to consolidate “conduct models” (EHRENBERG, 2010) that reinforce the idea of “selfentrepreneurship” and high performance as essential qualities to achieve success. Such discourses present themselves as “recipes”, prescriptions based on “exemplary life histories”, reiterating the logics of justification of the new “spirit of capitalism” (BOLTANSKI; CHIAPELLO, 2009). It is also through the production and circulation of these narratives in the media that these entrepreneurial agents become contemporary celebrities, and it’s the final proof that legitimates their advices. Therefore, we propose a critical view of this phenomenon, in order to understand how the discursivity is constructed in these entrepreneur’s life histories, through the Discourse Analysis theoretical-methodological proposal, based on Foucault’s discursive categories (2008b), related to life course’s analysis proposed by Giele and Elder Jr. (1998). The discourses, in the “foucaultian approach”, are practices that operate in the “leading of conduct”. Regarding the findings of the analyzed discourses, it was possible to perceive the following characteristics: the testimony as a discourse format; the constitution of a biographical space (ARFUCH, 2010); the mission of prescribing conducts and moral profiles through the inspiration (understood as culture and as communicational process); “entrepreneurial self-help” as the main discursive strategy; moral attributes constituent of the entrepreneurial culture as overcoming challenges (daily and business), goals, passion for work, to justify entrepreneurship as the best alternative for the construction of a “better world”, an “entrepreneurial society” (DRUCKER, 2011). In summary, entrepreneurship, as na economic and social conduct, allows the current neoliberal system to include more subjects in their rationalities, processes and, self-blame.
O presente estudo tem como tema principal as relações entre comunicação, consumo e cultura empreendedora, e como objeto de estudo as narrativas de vida biográficas e autobiográficas de empreendedores brasileiros, no caso, Bel Pesce e Flávio Augusto da Silva, presentes em seus diversos suportes midiáticos digitais. O objetivo é compreender como esses agentes ressignificam a literatura da autoajuda na contemporaneidade, concebendo o que chamamos de “autoajuda empreendedora” (CASAQUI, 2017a). Em pauta, está a recorrência da máxima de que todos podem, e devem, ser empreendedores, independentemente de qualquer barreira pessoal ou financeira. Neste cenário, foi possível entender que estes discursos pretendem consolidar “modelos de conduta” (EHRENBERG, 2010) que reforçam a ideia do “empreendedorismo de si” e da alta performance como qualidades essenciais para se alcançar o sucesso. Tais discursos se apresentam como “receitas”, prescrições baseadas em “histórias de vida exemplares”, que reiteram as lógicas de justificação do novo “espírito do capitalismo” (BOLTANSKI; CHIAPELLO, 2009). É, também, por meio da produção e circulação dessas narrativas na mídia, que estes agentes do empreendedorismo se transformam em celebridades midiáticas contemporâneas, sendo o atestado final que legitima seus conselhos. Dessa maneira, propomos aqui uma visão crítica desse fenômeno, a fim de compreender como se constrói a discursividade nas histórias de vida destes empreendedores, por meio da proposta teórico-metodológica da Análise de Discurso, a partir de Foucault (2008b), relacionada com a análise de percurso de vida proposta por Giele e Elder Jr. (1998). Os discursos, na abordagem foucaultiana, são práticas que operam na “condução da conduta”. No caso dos discursos analisados nesta pesquisa, foi possível perceber as seguintes características: o testemunho como formato de discurso; a constituição de um espaço biográfico (ARFUCH, 2010); a missão de prescrever condutas e perfis morais a partir da inspiração (entendida como cultura e como processo comunicacional); a autoajuda empreendedora como principal estratégia discursiva; atributos morais constituintes da cultura empreendedora como superação, metas, paixão pelo trabalho, para justificar o empreendedorismo como a melhor alternativa para a construção de um “mundo melhor”, de uma “sociedade empreendedora” (DRUCKER, 2011). Conclui-se que o empreendedorismo enquanto conduta econômica e social permite que o sistema neoliberal vigente englobe mais sujeitos em suas racionalidades, processos e culpabilizações.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Culture entrepreneuriale"

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