Artículos de revistas: "Culture Superficial"

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Khan, Muhammad N., Raghavan Vidya y Richard E. Lee. "The Limited Role of Microbiological Culture and Sensitivity in the Management of Superficial Soft Tissue Abscesses". Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 1118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.215.

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The aim of this study was to assess the role of the routine practice of microbial culture and sensitivity at incision and drainage of superficial soft tissue abscesses. The case notes of 162 consecutive patients, selected from the microbiology database over a period of 1 year, were reviewed. All had incision and drainage of superficial soft tissue abscesses and included perianal, pilonidal, axillary, and breast abscesses. Patients with chronic wounds, recurrent abscesses, diabetes, pregnancy, and immunosuppression were excluded. The impact of pus culture and sensitivity (C/S) on management and clinical outcome was documented. Out of 162 patients, 97 were male (59.8%) and 65 were female (40.1%). Only 115 (70.9%) yielded positive cultures and 47 (29.1%) were sterile. The cultured microbial flora was predictable and sensitive to empirical antibiotics. In four patients, the results of microbial culture sensitivity showed microbial resistance to empirical antibiotics; however, it did not affect the management or the outcome for these patients. The routine practice of sending swabs for C/S after incision and drainage of superficial soft tissue abscesses does not contribute significantly towards patient management. Most patients are already on antibiotics prior to the referral and in the remainder, surgeons start antibiotics empirically. These broad-spectrum antibiotics cover the common pathogens involved, and there is no significant change in the antibiotic treatment after reviewing the culture reports following incision and drainage of uncomplicated superficial skin abscesses.

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İnci, E., B. Karakullukçu, G. Aygün, H. Yaşar, O. Enver y C. Yağiz. "Fine-Needle Aspiration as a Diagnostic Tool for Recurrent Tonsillitis". Journal of International Medical Research 31, n.º 4 (agosto de 2003): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000303100408.

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Acute tonsillitis is a common childhood disease, but repeated antibiotic treatment may fail, leading to tonsillectomy. Superficial swab cultures do not sufficiently represent the core bacteria present, but fine-needle aspiration may be a promising diagnostic method. We evaluated 58 patients undergoing tonsillectomy, and took superficial and core swabs, and fine-needle aspirations. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial pathogen identified, present in 26 out of 50 (52%) positive core cultures, followed by Haemophilus influenza in 13 positive core cultures (26%), and group A β-haemolytic streptococci in 10 positive core cultures (20%). Fine-needle aspiration detected 33 out of 50 positive core cultures (66%), whereas superficial swab culture detected 18 of 50 (36%); the difference being statistically significant. All pathogens detected by superficial swabs and fine-needle aspiration were detected in core cultures. The sensitivity and specificity of fine-needle aspiration were 66% and 100%, respectively, compared with 36% and 100% for superficial swabs. Fine-needle aspiration is therefore a promising method for detecting core bacteria in patients with recurrent tonsillitis.

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Bhattacharjee, Barnamoy, Atanu Chakravarty y Debadatta Dhar Chanda. "Clinico-Mycological Study of Superficial Mycoses in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam". International Journal of Research and Review 8, n.º 5 (3 de junio de 2021): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210554.

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Background-Superficial Mycosis, which is the most common fungal infection affecting human beings, includes Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycoses, which are the infections of superficial keratinized layer of skin, nail & hair by Dermatophytes and non Dermatophytic moulds or yeasts respectively. This clinical entity is very common in hot, humid tropical climate of India with prevalence ranging from 30-60% but its precise case magnitude and epidemiology in North eastern India cannot be stated as there are only few studies conducted. So, this study is undertaken to 1) Find the prevalence of Superficial Mycosis in a tertiary health care centre of Southern Assam. 2) Study the clinical profile of the cases 3) Isolate and identify the causative agents of Superficial mycosis. Materials & Method- The study has been conducted on 250 samples from clinically suspected and untreated cases of superficial mycosis from Aug 2017 to Dec 2018. 2 separate sets of samples from edge of skin lesion/nail /hair were collected, of which 1 sample was subjected to direct microscopy with (10-40) % KOH and the other part was subjected to 2 sets of fungal culture in SDA tubes at 25°C and 37°C & followed for 3 weeks. In Culture positive cases, fungal identification was based on colony morphology, pigment production & LPCB mount. For confirmation of isolates, Slide Culture and biochemical tests were done. Result-Out of total 250 samples,115 samples (46%) showed presence of fungal elements in KOH examination, of which 73 were culture positive and of the KOH negative samples 10 samples were culture positive, thus making the prevalence 33.2% (83/250). Clinically, Tinea corporis was the most common form of both superficial mycosis & Dermatophytosis and Pityriasis Versicolor has been found the most common Dermatomycosis. Males(21-50yrs) were affected by superficial mycosis more than Females(16-30yr). Trichophyton mentagrophyte was the mostly isolated agent causing superficial mycosis. Keywords: Superficial mycoses, prevalence, Assam, Slide Culture, Urease.

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Gómez Rodríguez, Luis Fernando. "The Cultural Content in EFL Textbooks and What Teachers Need to Do About It". PROFILE Issues in Teachers' Professional Development 17, n.º 2 (1 de julio de 2015): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n2.44272.

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<p>This article analyzes the cultural content in three communicative English as a foreign language textbooks that are used as main instructional resources in the English classroom. The study examined whether the textbooks include elements of surface or deep culture, and the findings indicate that the textbooks contain only static and congratulatory topics of surface culture and omit complex and transformative forms of culture. Consequently, the second part of the article suggests how teachers can address deep-rooted aspects of culture that might help English as a foreign language learners build more substantive intercultural competence in the language classroom.</p><p>En este artículo se analiza el contenido cultural en tres textos de inglés comunicativo utilizados como el principal recurso de enseñanza en la clase de inglés. Se indagó si los textos incluyen elementos de la cultura superficial o de la cultura profunda. Se observó que los textos sólo presentan temas “admirables” y representativos de la cultura superficial y no ofrecen temas complejos y trasformativos de la cultura profunda. En consecuencia, en la segunda parte del artículo se sugiere a los profesores de inglés cómo abordar aspectos complejos de la cultura profunda que podrían ayudarle a los estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera a construir una competencia intercultural más sólida.</p>

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Lowy, R. J., J. H. Schreiber, D. C. Dawson y S. A. Ernst. "Primary culture of duck salt gland. I. Morphology of confluent cell layers". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 249, n.º 1 (1 de julio de 1985): C32—C40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1985.249.1.c32.

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Dissociated avian salt gland secretory cells were maintained in primary culture after plating on hydrated collagen gels. When seeded at 3 X 10(6) cells/cm2, confluent cell sheets formed within 2-3 days, whereas cultures seeded at lower densities formed a complex reticulum of cell aggregates, which remained nonconfluent even after 7 days. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the free surface of 3-day confluent cultures consisted of intermixed convex and flattened cell membranes with prominent junctional boundaries and abundant microvilli. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that these cultures were multilayers of 1-4 cells in thickness. The plasma membranes of the superficial cells were polarized into apical and basolateral regions displaying, respectively, microvilli and interdigitating lateral membrane folds. These membrane domains were separated by shallow occluding junctions, which consisted of both single strands and simple net-like arrays in freeze-fracture images. Underlying epithelial cells retained lateral membrane folds and formed desmosomal contacts with superficial and neighboring cells. These cultures, unlike the intact tissue, allow direct access to the apical and basolateral cell surfaces for electrophysiological analysis of transmural active ion transport.

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Peng, Gordon, Sean M. McNary, Kyriacos A. Athanasiou y A. Hari Reddi. "Superficial Zone Extracellular Matrix Extracts Enhance Boundary Lubrication of Self-Assembled Articular Cartilage". CARTILAGE 7, n.º 3 (26 de octubre de 2015): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947603515612190.

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Objective Previous work has shown that increasing the production of boundary lubricant, superficial zone protein (SZP), did not reduce the friction coefficient of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs and was possibly due to poor retention of the lubricant. The aim of this investigation was to reduce the friction coefficient of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs through enhancing SZP retention by the exogenous addition of extracellular matrix (ECM) extracted from the superficial zone of native articular cartilage. Design Superficial zone cartilage was shaved from juvenile bovine femoral condyles using a dermatome, minced finely with razor blades, extracted with 4 M guanidine-hydrochloride, buffer exchanged with culture medium, and added directly to the culture medium of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs at low (10 µg/mL) and high (100 µg/mL) concentrations for 4 weeks. Biochemical and biomechanical properties were determined at the conclusion of 4 weeks culture. Results ECM treatment increased compressive and tensile stiffness of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs and decreased the friction coefficient. Glycosaminoglycan content decreased and collagen content increased significantly in self-assembled constructs by the ECM treatment. Conclusions Friction coefficients of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs were reduced by adding extracted superficial zone ECM into the culture medium of self-assembled articular cartilage constructs.

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Restrepo, Christina, Peter J. Ihrke, Stephen D. White, Ian B. Spiegel y Verena K. Affolter. "Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of Pradofloxacin Tablets for the Treatment of Canine Pyoderma". Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 46, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 2010): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0460301.

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A third-generation fluoroquinolone, pradofloxacin (PRA), is currently being developed to treat bacterial infections in dogs. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy in 20 dogs affected with superficial and deep pyoderma. An initial aerobic skin culture was performed in dogs with superficial pyoderma; aerobic/anaerobic tissue culture was performed in dogs with deep pyoderma; and skin cytology and biopsies were obtained from all dogs. Pradofloxacin (approximately 3 mg/kg per os [PO]) was administered daily to all dogs. Clinical efficacy was recorded at 4 weeks for dogs with superficial pyoderma and at 3 and 6 weeks for dogs with deep pyoderma. At a mean dosage of 3.7 mg/kg PO once daily, PRA treatment resulted in an excellent to good clinical response within 3 to 6 weeks for all 20 dogs with superficial and deep pyoderma.

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Sarkar, Saurav, Abheek Sil, Soma Sarkar y Biswajit Sikder. "A Comparison of Tonsillar Surface Swabbing, Fine-Needle Aspiration Core Sampling, and Dissected Tonsillar Core Biopsy Culture in Children with Recurrent Tonsillitis". Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 96, n.º 6 (junio de 2017): E29—E32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556131709600606.

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In recurrent tonsillitis, the pathogenic bacteria are harbored in the tonsil core, and therefore cultures of superficial swab samples are not particularly accurate in identifying specific types of core bacteria. On the other hand, the results of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cultures of core samples have been closely correlated with the findings of core cultures in excised tonsils, and both methods are far superior to surface swabbing. We conducted a prospective study to compare the accuracy of culture findings from tonsillar tissue obtained by surface swabbing, FNA sampling of the tonsil core in situ, and core sampling of the excised tonsil in children with recurrent tonsillitis. Our patient population was made up of 54 children—22 boys and 32 girls, aged 4 to 14 years (mean: 10.7)—who were undergoing elective tonsillectomy during a 1-year period. On the day of surgery, a surface swab, core FNA sample, and dissected core sample were obtained from each patient and sent for culture. Culture showed that the three methods were in agreement in 34 cases (63.0%). In 9 cases (16.7%) the surface swab culture grew different pathogens from those of the two core cultures, and in 3 other cases (5.6%) the surface swab culture was negative while the two core cultures were positive for the same pathogens. In all, the results of core FNA culture and dissected core culture were in agreement in 46 cases (85.2%); in only 4 cases (7.4%) did the core FNA culture fail to accurately identify the causative pathogens. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity of core FNA sampling were 100 and 50% respectively, compared with 82.9 and 30.8% for the superficial tonsillar swab. We conclude that routine culture of surface swab specimens in patients with chronic or recurrent tonsillitis is neither reliable nor valid. We recommend that core FNA sampling be considered the diagnostic method of choice since it can be done on an outpatient basis, it would reliably allow for culture-directed antibiotic therapy, and it could obviate the need for elective tonsillectomy in many cases. However, its feasibility as an office procedure in children remains to be determined.

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Yu, Li, Kimberly M. Ferlin, Bao‐Ngoc B. Nguyen y John P. Fisher. "Tubular perfusion system for chondrocyte culture and superficial zone protein expression". Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 103, n.º 5 (24 de septiembre de 2014): 1864–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.35321.

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Khadka, Sundar, Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand, Dinesh Binod Pokharel, Bharat Mani Pokhrel, Shyam Kumar Mishra, Subhash Dhital y Basista Rijal. "Clinicomycological Characterization of Superficial Mycoses from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal". Dermatology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9509705.

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Background. Superficial mycosis is a common fungal infection worldwide, mainly caused by dermatophytes. However, the prevalence of species varies geographically. In addition, fungal treatment is best guided according to species isolated. This study was carried out to determine the clinical as well as mycological profile of superficial mycoses in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal.Methods. This was a prospective case-control laboratory based study conducted over a period of six months from January to June 2014 at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. A total of 200 specimens were collected from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses. The specimens were macroscopically as well as microscopically examined. The growth was observed up to 4 weeks.Results.Out of total 200 specimens from the patients suspected of superficial mycoses, tinea corporis 50 (25%) was most common clinical types. KOH mount was positive in 89 (44.5%) and culture was positive in 111 (55.5%).Trichophyton mentagrophytes44 (39.6%) was the most common isolate.Conclusions.The diagnostic yields of KOH mount and culture were found to be complementary to each other. Thus both the methods added with clinical findings are equally important to establish superficial mycosis.

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Micklethwaite, L., C. B. Little, D. R. Hodgson, R. J. Rose y P. Ghosh. "Proteoglycan Composition and Biosynthesis in Superficial and Deep Digital Flexor Tendons of Standardbred Horses". Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 12, n.º 04 (1999): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632485.

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SummaryProteoglycan (PG) levels and their respective biosynthesis were determined in explant cultures taken from the mid-metacarpal (MMC) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) regions of normal equine superficial and deep digital flexor tendons. Five standard-bred horses (2-5 years old) were used and explants dissected from the MMC and MCP regions of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons. The explants (3 mm2) were cultured in Ham’s F12 media supplemented with 1% FBS. After 24 h, Na2S35SO4 was added and the culture continued for a further 48 h. The media was removed and the explants were lyophilized and weighed. The explants and media were then subject to papain digestion and the DNA and sulphated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAG) concentrations and incorporation of [35S] sulphate into PGs determined by established methods.The MMC regions of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons contained less PGs than the MCP regions and these were predominantly small. The MCP regions, not only contained higher concentrations of PGs, but these were of larger hydrodynamic size. The incorporation of [35S] sulphate into PGs was also higher in explants from the MCP region. These data indicate that in those regions of equine flexor tendon, subjected to both, compression and tension, PG content and biosynthesis is higher than in regions which only transmit tensional loads. These findings are consistent with the adaptive role of tenocytes to the nature and level of the mechanical stresses imposed upon them.The proteoglycans (PGs) and DNA content and their biosynthesis were determined in cultures of expiants obtained from the mid-metacarpal (MMC) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) regions of normal superficial and deep digital flexor tendons of five standard bred horses (2– years old). It was shown that the MMC region of the superficial and deep flexor tendon contained less PGs than the MCP regions. Moreover, the biosynthesis of PGs was enhanced in the MCP explants and the size of these molecules was larger than made by cells of the MMC region.

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Chen, M. H., C. C. Chen, D. N. Wang y F. C. Chen. "Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryos of Carica papaya × Carica cauliflora cultured in vitro". Canadian Journal of Botany 69, n.º 9 (1 de septiembre de 1991): 1913–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-240.

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Somatic embryos were induced directly on immature embryos of Carica papaya × Carica cauliflora hybrids cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog's medium. When transferred to medium supplemented with abscisic acid, individual somatic embryos proliferated numerous daughter embryos through repeated embryogenesis. Light microscopic study of the repeatedly embryogenic cultures showed that daughter embryos arose from single superficial cells of parent embryos. Plant regeneration occurred following transfer of somatic embryos to medium devoid of plant growth regulators. Regenerated plants were intermediate between C. papaya and C. cauliflora in several morphological respects and showed isozyme patterns specific to both species as well as some new bands, indicating that they are indeed interspecific hybrids. Key words: Carica, interspecific hybrid, embryo culture, somatic embryogenesis.

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Cross, W. R., I. Eardley, H. J. Leese y J. Southgate. "A biomimetic tissue from cultured normal human urothelial cells: analysis of physiological function". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 289, n.º 2 (agosto de 2005): F459—F468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00040.2005.

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The urinary bladder and associated tract is lined by the urothelium. Once considered as just an impermeable epithelium, it is becoming evident that the urothelium not only functions as a volume-accommodating urinary barrier but has additional roles, including sensory signaling. Lack of access to normal human urothelium has hampered physiological investigation, and although cell culture systems have been developed, there has been a failure to demonstrate that normal human urothelial (NHU) cells grown in vitro retain the capacity to form a functional differentiated urothelium. The aim of this study was to develop a biomimetic human urothelium from NHU cell cultures. Urothelial cells isolated from normal human urothelium and serially propagated as monolayers in serum-free culture were homogeneous and adopted a proliferative, nondifferentiated phenotype. In the presence of serum and physiological concentrations of calcium, these cells could be reproducibly induced to form stratified urothelia consisting of basal, intermediate, and superficial cells, with differential expression of cytokeratins and superficial tight junctions. Functionally, the neotissues showed characteristics of native urothelium, including high transepithelial electrical resistance of >3,000 Ω·cm2, apical membrane-restricted amiloride-sensitive sodium ion channels, basal expression of Na+-K+-ATPase, and low diffusive permeability to urea, water, and dextran. This model represents major progress in developing a biomimetic human urothelial culture model to explore molecular and functional relationships in normal and dysfunctional bladder physiology.

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Gupta, Nikhil, Vaibhav Shukla y Priyanka Shukla. "Clinical pattern of superficial mycosis in rural type 2 diabetes mellitus patients". International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, n.º 7 (25 de junio de 2018): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182458.

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Background: Diabetic foot infections are a major cause of amputations and mortality. There is heterogeneity in type of superficial fungal infections because of change in climatic conditions and lifestyles across world. There is paucity of reports on etiology of superficial fungal infections in rural type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in India, so the present study was undertaken to find out the clinical pattern of superficial fungal infections in rural type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: Rural type 2 diabetes mellitus patients clinically diagnosed to have superficial fungal infection were enrolled and were subjected to direct microscopy in KOH stain and fungal culture.Results: 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were enrolled (58 males and 42 females). 45 were either KOH or culture positive. 73.1% were dermatophytes and rest nondermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest (48.8%) dermatophyte.Conclusions: Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest dermatophyte causing superficial infection. Besides dermatophytes non-dermatophytic fungi are also emerging as important cause of superfiicial mycosis.

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Denison, Daniel, Colleen Lief y John L. Ward. "Culture in Family-Owned Enterprises: Recognizing and Leveraging Unique Strengths". Family Business Review 17, n.º 1 (marzo de 2004): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2004.00004.x.

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Through years of consulting experience and culture research, a fuller picture of family firms began to emerge. It became increasingly clear that family business sustainability and accomplishment were rooted in something deeper, something beyond superficial explanation. Belief in the innate value and uniqueness of family business culture drove collaboration on this project between the disciplines of family business and organizational behavior. The goal was to critically examine family business culture and performance relative to nonfamily firms. The Denison Organizational Culture Survey, a cultural assessment tool that has linked corporate culture to financial performance, was administered to a sample of 20 family businesses and 389 nonfamily businesses, allowing us to compare their cultures. The results showed that the corporate cultures of family enterprises were more positive than the culture of firms without a family affiliation. Family enterprises scored higher on all 12 dimensions of the assessment tool. Despite the small sample, several of these differences were statistically significant. This suggests that family firms perform better because of who they are. In addition, recent research that shows they also perform better because of what they do strategically. Their histories and shared identities provide a connectedness to time-tested core values and standards of behavior that lead to bottom-line success.

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Zeeshan, Faiza, Fakhur Uddin, Bahram Khan, Talat Zehra, Sadaf Razzak y Zareen Irshad. "A clinico-mycological spectrum of superficial mycoses of scalp in pediatric population". Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, n.º 4 (30 de diciembre de 2020): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1476.

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Objective: A clinico-mycological study was conducted to assess the profile of dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes in patients with superficial mycoses of scalp. Methods: This Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, in collaboration with Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. The study was carried out from May 2019 to September 2019. A total of 114 children were enrolled in the study having a clinical diagnosis of superficial mycoses of scalp. The hair specimens and scales from the scalp were collected. The specimens were processed for wet mounts (KOH and CFW staining) and mycological culture. . Results: The most common clinical presentation was found to be dermatophytoses (28%). Non-dermatophytoses was seen in 16.1% cases, while 55.2% cases were culture negative. The most common isolated dermatophyte was Trichophyton violaceum (35.4%), while among non-dermatophyte molds, Aspergillus spp accounted for 45% of cases. Conclusion: The unambiguous diagnosis of scalp mycoses can be made by mycological culture and conventional techniques like KOH mounts and CFW staining. Keywords: Calcoflour white stain, Dermatophytes, KOH mount, Tinea capitis

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Zeeshan, Faiza, Fakhur Uddin, Bahram Khan, Talat Zehra, Sadaf Razzak y Zareen Irshad. "A clinico-mycological spectrum of superficial mycoses of scalp in pediatric population". Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, n.º 4 (30 de diciembre de 2020): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1476.

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Objective: A clinico-mycological study was conducted to assess the profile of dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes in patients with superficial mycoses of scalp. Methods: This Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, in collaboration with Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. The study was carried out from May 2019 to September 2019. A total of 114 children were enrolled in the study having a clinical diagnosis of superficial mycoses of scalp. The hair specimens and scales from the scalp were collected. The specimens were processed for wet mounts (KOH and CFW staining) and mycological culture. . Results: The most common clinical presentation was found to be dermatophytoses (28%). Non-dermatophytoses was seen in 16.1% cases, while 55.2% cases were culture negative. The most common isolated dermatophyte was Trichophyton violaceum (35.4%), while among non-dermatophyte molds, Aspergillus spp accounted for 45% of cases. Conclusion: The unambiguous diagnosis of scalp mycoses can be made by mycological culture and conventional techniques like KOH mounts and CFW staining. Keywords: Calcoflour white stain, Dermatophytes, KOH mount, Tinea capitis

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Seifert, H. H., A. Prior, M. Cronauer, M. Müller, R. Ackermann y W. Schulz. "469A new and reliable culture system for superficial low grade bladder transitional carcinoma". European Urology Supplements 4, n.º 3 (marzo de 2005): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(05)80475-0.

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Thibodeaux, J. K., J. D. Roussel, Y. Menezo, R. A. Godke y L. L. Goodeaux. "A method for in vitro cell culture of superficial bovine uterine endometrial epithelium". Journal of Tissue Culture Methods 13, n.º 4 (diciembre de 1991): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02388256.

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Sturdivant, Toni Denese y Iliana Alanís. "Teaching through culture". Journal for Multicultural Education 13, n.º 3 (12 de agosto de 2019): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-03-2019-0019.

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Purpose Oftentimes, attempts at culturally relevant early childhood practices are limited to diverse materials in the physical environment. The purpose of this study is to document the culturally relevant teaching practices, specifically for African American children, within a culturally diverse preschool classroom with a Black teacher. Design/methodology/approach The researchers used qualitative methodology to answer the following question: How does a Black preschool teacher enact culturally relevant practices for her African American students in a culturally diverse classroom? Data sources included field notes from classroom observations, transcripts from both formal and informal semi-structured interviews with a Master Teacher and photographs. Findings The authors found that the participant fostered an inclusive classroom community and a classroom environment that reflected the range of human diversity. She was intentional in her integration of culturally representative read alouds and lessons designed to incorporate students’ interests. Finally, she engaged families by facilitating their involvement in her curriculum. However, social justice aspects were absent during the time of the study. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature in that it documents a high-quality early childhood classroom with a teacher, that is, actively trying to incorporate the cultures of her African American students. Many extant studies provide examples of superficial culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) being enacting in early childhood classrooms or the focus is not specifically on African American children.

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Kosiewicz, Jerzy. "Professional, Spectator, and Olympic Sports in the Context of the Terms Spiritualism and Spirituality, and in the Context of Normative Ethics". Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 68, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2015): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcssr-2015-0024.

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AbstractThe author has used - in his paper - two different expressions related to spirituality in its entirety: that is, spirituality (the spiritual sphere in superficial sense and meaning) and spiritualism (the spiritual sphere in deep sense and meaning). The author presented selected different definitions and manifestations of spirituality and spiritualism.The considerations on so-called “spirituality” - related to different phenomena of culture - without notions of spirituality and spiritualism - are a testimony to ordinary, typical common sense thinking only.Author would like to underline, that contemporary professional, spectator sport and the Olympic Games are only a mass culture phenomenon. A phenomenon of mass culture can be only a mirror of superficial spirituality, but not a testimony to spiritualism (that is, deep spirituality).The ancient Olympic Games - in contrast to the concept of Coubertin’s idea of Olympism - were a manifestation of deep spirituality, that is spiritualism. The Greek Games were based on an internal unity between religiosity, art and sport.

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Andersson, Peter K. "The walking stick in the nineteenth-century city: Conflicting ideals of urban walking". Journal of Transport History 39, n.º 3 (22 de junio de 2018): 275–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526618783937.

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This article reflects on the role of the walking stick in the nineteenth-century city and explores the nature of the criticisms directed at it. The criticism and mocking of certain ways of holding the cane display the deep conflicts within the culture of urban strolling concerning how to take part in it, and who were allowed to do so. By identifying an irritation with canes, we see that there was a conflict between the purposeful culture of walking and the superficial culture of performativity and display, which forced Victorian men to be extremely careful of how their behaviour was perceived. By bringing the walking stick to the fore, the paper illustrates its role in a struggle between ostentation and sobriety and how its importance in cultures of both self-possession and flamboyance is indicative of aspects of the history of urban walking.

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Liu, Han Fang, Xue Mei Jin y Jia Fu. "Traditional Culture Expression and Innovation of Contemporary Architecture". Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (septiembre de 2014): 2290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.2290.

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This paper analyzes the factors influencing the contemporary architectural innovation. It puts forward that the model of standardization and mass production contribute to similar “international” architectural form, which results in the disappearing of the “national character” and“regional character” of Chinese architecture. However, simplified traditional expressions make contemporary architectural innovation too superficial, leading to a “trap” of imitation. It also pointes out that the combination of the methods of symbol and metaphor , technology and materials of modern architecture, a further exploration of traditional culture symbols, cultural energy stimulating is the power source of contemporary architectural innovation, and make a argumentation through success and failure cases.

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Narain, Upma, Ashok Kumar Bajaj y Arun Kant. "Tinea: Incidence during Magh Mela". International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, n.º 4 (23 de julio de 2018): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20183135.

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Background: Dermatophytosis refer to superficial fungal infection of keratinized tissues caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes. It is common in tropics and may present in epidemic proportions in areas with high rates of humidity.Methods: The retrospective study was carried out from January 2018 to February 2018 at Allahabad. Gram stain, KOH examination and culture were carried out in 300 cases.Results: Out of the 300 suspected cases authors identified, 263 cultures tested positive. The macroscopic examination of the scalp, skin and the nails of these 36 patients further revealed 50.20% Tinea corporis, 17.87% Tinea cruris, 11.02 % Tinea mannum, 8.74% Tinea pedis, 7.99% onychomycosis, 3.42% Tinea versicolor and 0.76% Tinea capitis. Culture examinations revealed 52.47% Trychophyton mentagrophyte, 34.98% Trichyopyton rubrum, 3.80% Trychophyton violaceum, 3.43% Malessesia, 2.28% Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, 1.52% Trichophyton verrucosum, 0.76% Microsporum canis and 0.76% Epidermophyton flucossum.Conclusions: The study concludes that in a short period of Magh Mela authors got a large number of skin patients because of their belief that the holiness Ganga water will cure skin problems by itself. Some of the patients were found infected from the beginning and some gather infections during their stay in the mela period. Therefore, a prompt recognition of skin lesions and the identification of these superficial fungi are required for judicious management.

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Wang, Hongli. "What stops creative employees to implement ideas? Individual culture value orientation perspective". Journal of Organizational Change Management 30, n.º 6 (2 de octubre de 2017): 872–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-10-2016-0199.

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Purpose Creativity itself does not necessarily lead to idea implementation. The purpose of this paper is to deeply understand the impact of the individual culture value orientation on employees’ motivation on whether they want to push creative ideas into implementation. Design/methodology/approach In this study, drawing on socially desirable responding (SDR) theory, the author reasons that individual value on power distance and superficial harmony and that these two factors interact to influence employees transform their creativity into implementation. The author argues that prevalence of the failure where creativity cannot be transformed into implementation results from the lack of understanding for two elusive individual culture value orientations: individual superficial harmony orientations (ISHO) and individual power distance orientations (IPDO). Data from 66 middle managers and 301 members of five high-tech firms provide a considerable support for the hypothesized model. Findings The results showed that individuals were able to improve the possibility of putting their creative ideas into practice when they are both lower in IPDO and ISHO. Originality/value Such findings help the author to understand how individual cultural value orientation complements each other to generate joint impact on the relationship between their creative ideas to idea implementation.

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Armstrong, Rita y Caroline Baillie. "Engineers Engaging with Community: Negotiating Cultural Difference on Mine Sites". International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 1, n.º 1 (24 de mayo de 2012): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v1i1.3518.

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In this paper we scrutinize the concepts of culture and cultural relativism and argue that, despite difference in academic interpretations, they have relevance for engineers in their working lives. Engineers, particularly those who work for transnational resource companies, often confront different belief systems when they work on site. This article looks at the misunderstandings that can arise from superficial readings of cultural relativism, as well as the productive relationships that can emerge when engineers engage in a meaningful way with other cultures and epistemologies. This type of engagement has the potential to transform engineering knowledge and practice. We argue that it is important for engineers to understand not just why, but also how, culture matters when negotiating an equitable relationship with the communities in which they work.

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Cruz Arcila, Ferney. "Broadening Minds: Exploring Intercultural Understanding in Adult EFL Learners". Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, n.º 9 (4 de abril de 2011): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487085.3149.

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Our current globalized world has become a space where many cultures are in permanent contact. Now, we are living in an interconnected world that requires us to be tolerant with others. This article describes some processes through which adult EFL learners developed intercultural understanding. This research aimed to provide clear examples of how significant and necessary it is to give foreign language learners the chance to become aware of the foreign culture while they are becoming proficient in the target language. In addition, this paper also accounts for some kinds of intercultural connections the students make between their native culture and the target one. Through a careful analysis of the data collected, this qualitative case study shows that by implementing different types of pedagogical strategies the students are able to go beyond superficial ideas about the target culture which help them become more open-minded towards other forms of perceiving reality.

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Meleshkov, Vjacheslav. "Application of medical physical culture at extensive superficial burns of the I–II degree". Слобожанський науково-спортивний вісник 49, n.º 5 (31 de octubre de 2015): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2015-5.011.

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White, Stephen D., Amy E. Brown, Phillip L. Chapman, Spencer S. Jang y Peter J. Ihrke. "Evaluation of aerobic bacteriologic culture of epidermal collarette specimens in dogs with superficial pyoderma". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 226, n.º 6 (marzo de 2005): 904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.2005.226.904.

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Lefler, E., S. Haim y D. Merzbach. "Evaluation of Direct Microscopic Examination Versus Culture in the Diagnosis of Superficial Fungal Infections". Mycoses 24, n.º 2 (24 de abril de 2009): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1981.tb01841.x.

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Cuñé, Jordi, Alex Soriano, Juan C. Martínez, Sebastián García y Josep Mensa. "A Superficial Swab Culture is Useful for Microbiologic Diagnosis in Acute Prosthetic Joint Infections". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 467, n.º 2 (11 de octubre de 2008): 531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11999-008-0553-4.

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32

LAWTON, LAMALETIE y GARDNER. "Low temperature scanning electron microscopy of the superficial envelope of canine chondrocytes in culture". Cell Biology International Reports 15, n.º 1 (enero de 1991): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-1651(91)90081-s.

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Farah, Lubna. "http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/166". Habibia Islamicus 5, n.º 1 (10 de febrero de 2021): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47720/hi.2021.0501a02.

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Proverbs and fixed expression are the mirror which reflects people’s nature and the resume of what they have experienced. Proverbs are part of metaphorical language that has superficial as well as a deep sense. They are form of speech or an expression, it can’t understand by individual meaning. Role of culture is important in target language.These proverbs have been written briefly in small sentences to narrate long stories that are the main bey to understand human culture and social reality. Therefore, translating proverbs are more difficult for the translator, who are not familiar with them. The variations in cultures make translation process real challenge.Every proverb there are links and characters associated with it, where the translator had to look for the synonym identical to proverb similar in meaning and composition.

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Morrison, J. M., C. J. Brown y E. V. D. M. Smit. "A supportive organisational culture for project management in matrix organisations: A theoretical perspective". South African Journal of Business Management 37, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2006): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v37i4.612.

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Although the need for organisational cultures to be supportive of project management is frequently expressed in the project management literature, a comprehensive explanation of what supportiveness comprises, has not yet come to light. The field of organisational culture research recognises culture as a complex and multi-dimensional topic. To date, the project management literature has taken a superficial view of culture instead. It specifically lacks progress towards a converging set of organisational culture dimensions as predictors of effective project management. Against this apparent shortcoming, a research project was launched, aiming to define the dimensions of a project management supportive organisational culture. This article presents the findings of the literature study phase of this research. Ample evidence was found, although dispersed amongst a diversity of project management research themes, to give substance to the notion and to postulate a multi-dimensional framework of organisational culture expected to be relevant to project management. The researchers make no premature claims about the conclusiveness of the proposed framework, but introduce it as a thoroughly researched hypothesis for empirical study. The study makes its contribution by converging literature evidence, previously lacking such coherence, into a consolidated organisational culture perspective. The hope is that it will spark further theory development in respect of the organisational context of project management.

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Li, Yuhong, Jingyuan Zhao y Han Weixi. "Study on Cultural Commercialization and Public Consumption". International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 1, n.º 3 (julio de 2010): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jabim.2010070103.

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This paper demonstrates the commercializing trend and phenomenon of the contemporary culture, arguing that as an intangible commodity, culture has special and limited commercialization that it’s only a superficial homogeneity brought by cultural commercialization. Cultural commercialization is the release of cultural intensity and connotation. This paper illustrates the industrialization process of Chinese culture, probes into the cultural consumption demand and structure in contemporary China, and analyzes the cultural consumption phenomenon of the Chinese public. This paper draws a conclusion on the destined cultural commercialization and the development trend of cultural consumption in China.

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Nikolić, Nenad, Philip Kienzl, Pooja Tajpara, Martin Vierhapper, Johannes Matiasek y Adelheid Elbe-Bürger. "The Antiseptic Octenidine Inhibits Langerhans Cell Activation and Modulates Cytokine Expression upon Superficial Wounding with Tape Stripping". Journal of Immunology Research 2019 (3 de marzo de 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5143635.

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Ideal agents for the topical treatment of skin wounds should have antimicrobial efficacy without negative influence on wound healing. Octenidine (OCT) has become a widely used antiseptic in professional wound care, but its influence on several components of the wound healing process remains unclear. In the present study, we have used a superficial wound model using tape stripping on human full-thickness skin ex vivo to investigate the influence of OCT on epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and cytokine secretion pattern of skin cells during wound healing in a model without disruption of the normal skin structure. Histological and immunofluorescence studies showed that OCT neither altered human skin architecture nor the viability of skin cells upon 48 hours of culture in unwounded or wounded skin. The epidermis of explants and LCs remained morphologically intact throughout the whole culture period upon OCT treatment. OCT inhibited the upregulation of the maturation marker CD83 on LCs and prevented their emigration in wounded skin. Furthermore, OCT reduced both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-8, IL-33, and IL-10), while angiogenesis and growth factor mediators (VEGF and TGF-β1) remained unchanged in skin explant cultures. Our data provide novel insights into the host response to OCT in the biologically relevant environment of viable human (wounded) skin.

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Sainz de la Cuesta, Ricardo, Rosa Mohedano, Sylvia Sainz de la Cuesta, Belen Guzman, Alicia Serrera, Silvia Paulos y Margarita Rubio. "Intraoperative subcutaneous culture as a predictor of surgical site infection in open gynecological surgery". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 1 (12 de enero de 2021): e0244551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244551.

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Purpose To analyze the relationship between intraoperative cultures and the development of surgical site infection (SSI) in women undergoing laparotomy for gynecological surgery. Methods Prospective observational cohort study. Over a six-year period, women who underwent elective laparotomy at our hospital were included. Patients’ demographics, underlying co-morbidities, surgical variables, type and etiology of postoperative surgical site infections were collected. Skin and subcutaneous samples were taken just prior to skin closure and processed for microbiological analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression model) were conducted to explore the association of the studied variables with SSIs. Results 284 patients were included in our study, of which 20 (7%) developed surgical site infection, including 11 (55%) superficial and nine (45%) organ-space. At univariate analysis, length of surgery, colon resection, transfusion and positive intraoperative culture were associated with surgical site infection occurrence. Skin and subcutaneous cultures were positive in 25 (8.8%) and 20 (7%) patients, respectively. SSI occurred in 35% of women with positive subcutaneous culture and in 20% of those with positive skin cultures. Using multivariate analysis, the only independent factor associated with surgical site infection was a positive subcutaneous culture (OR 10.4; 95% CI 3.5–30.4; P<0.001). Conclusion Intraoperative subcutaneous cultures before skin closure may help early prediction of surgical site infection in open gynecological procedures.

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Oh, Se Hyung. "Do collectivists conform more than individualists? Cross-cultural differences in compliance and internalization". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 41, n.º 6 (1 de julio de 2013): 981–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.6.981.

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Many previous researchers of conformity have found that people from collectivist cultures have stronger conformity tendencies than those from individualistic cultures. However, as most of these researchers focused on only 1 type of conformity, that is, compliance, these findings are limited. Consequently, little is known about the influence of culture on internalization, another type of conformity. In a series of virtual laboratory (e-lab) experiments in which participants were either simply exposed to choice dilemmas and opinion items or presented with a persuasive argument about each of them, I found that there was a lower level of cross-cultural differences in internalization than in compliance. Thus, only superficial cross-cultural differences may exist in conformity.

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Hukkanen, Veijo, Hannamari Mikola, Marja Nykänen y Stina Syrjänen. "Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection has two separate modes of spread in three-dimensional keratinocyte culture". Journal of General Virology 80, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 1999): 2149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-8-2149.

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This study describes the outcome of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in an organotypic raft culture of spontaneously immortalized HaCat keratinocytes and human fibroblasts, as related to the virus load and epithelial stratification and differentiation. In this model, a confluent monolayer of HaCat keratinocytes was formed 60 h after seeding. Inoculation of HSV-1 before induction of differentiation by lifting of the culture to the air–liquid interface always resulted in a productive infection, but the virus yield was highest when the inoculation took place 72 h after seeding. Even at 0·1 p.f.u. per culture, the HaCat cultures became HSV positive. Infection of the full-thickness epithelium at 5 p.f.u. per culture resulted in a productive infection of the whole epithelium. The HaCat cells were about 10 times more sensitive to HSV-1 infection than the Vero cells in which the virus stocks were titrated. The raft cultures infected 30 min after lifting were negative by HSV-1 culture, and no HSV-1 antigen was detected by immunocytochemistry. PCR showed the presence of HSV-1 DNA and in situ hybridization showed reactivity with a latency-associated RNA probe, indicating the presence of a non-productive infection. Two different patterns of virus spread in epithelia were found: (i) lateral spread through the superficial layers of the epithelium and (ii) a demarcated infection throughout the whole thickness of the epithelium at the margins of the culture.

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Arroyo Barrigüete, José Luis. "Hipertextualidad en Asimov: cartografía de la trilogía “Foundation”". Signa: Revista de la Asociación Española de Semiótica 28 (28 de junio de 2019): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/signa.vol28.2019.25064.

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En este trabajo se lleva a cabo una cartografía de los elementos hipertextuales presentes en el cronotopo de la trilogía Foundation de Asimov, así como en sus elementos vertebradores. De este modo se pretende probar que su éxito se debe, al menos en parte, a la ingente presencia de relaciones hipertextuales, principalmente arquetípicas, que permiten una lectura a dos niveles. La lectura superficial es en sí misma satisfactoria, pero es la lectura palimpséstica la que descubre toda la riqueza de su obra, permitiendo un disfrute mucho mayor y mostrando la extraordinaria cultura humanística de Asimov.This work carries out a cartography of the hypertextual elements present in the chronotope of Asimov’s Foundation trilogy, as well as in its linking elements. It is tried to prove that its success can be partially explained by the huge presence of hypertextual relationships, mainly archetypal, that allow a reading at two levels. The superficial reading is satisfactory in itself, but it is the palimpsestic reading that discovers all the richness of his work, allowing a much greater enjoyment and showing the extraordinary humanistic culture of Asimov.

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Patil, Santosh M. y Augusty Dharmapuri. "A prospective study of incisional surgical site infections in abdominal surgeries in Maheswara Medical College". International Surgery Journal 6, n.º 8 (25 de julio de 2019): 2876. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193334.

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Background: Infections that occur in the wound created by an invasive surgical procedure are generally referred to as surgical site infections (SSIs). SSIs are one of the most important causes of healthcare associated infections (HCAIs), second only to urinary tract infection (UTI) in incidence.Methods: These patients underwent elective surgeries and were followed up for superficial Incisional surgical site infections until complete wound healing occurred or on their discharge from the hospital. The inclusion criteria for superficial Incisional surgical site infections were: infections occurring within 30 days of operation involving only skin or subcutaneous tissue of the incision with purulent drainage, with or without laboratory confirmation from the superficial incision; organisms isolated from an aseptically obtained culture of fluid or tissue from the superficial incision. Infections occurring after 30 days of operation were excluded from the study.Results: The present study revealed 13.15% prevalence of SSI in department of general surgery, Maheswara Medical College, Hyderabad. Among the 3 types, superficial incision SSI was most prevalent followed by deep incisional SSI and finally by organ/space SSI. The surgical procedure most commonly associated with SSI was exploratory laparotomy. An alarming 19.42% of SSI was associated with emergency surgeries as compared to 7.05% of elective surgeries.Conclusions: The consequences of SSIs greatly impact patients and the healthcare systems. Prevention of SSI requires a multifaceted approach targeting pre, intra, and postoperative factors.

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Faure, Olivier. "Embryons somatiques de Vitis rupestris et embryons zygotiques de Vitis sp. : morphologie, histologie, histochimie et développement". Canadian Journal of Botany 68, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 1990): 2305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-295.

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The problem of the development of grapevine somatic embryos into plantlets was examined through a morphological, histological, and histochemical comparison of zygotic and somatic embryos. Only 3% of somatic embryos were capable of developing into plantlets. However, 27% of these embryos had shoot and root apices showing a histological pattern similar to that observed in zygotic embryos; other embryos had root apex but no shoot apex. In comparison with zygotic embryos, somatic embryos showed the following characteristics: acquisition of giant, and often teratologic, organs, retention of a high proliferative capacity among superficial cells, starch and tannin accumulation, important suberization and slight lignification of superficial cells, differentiation of tracheids in the vascular system, and preservation of a high embryogenic potential in the absence of exogenous growth regulators. The water-saturated atmosphere to which grapevine somatic embryos were submitted during in vitro culture could be unfavourable to germination. Under these conditions, embryos built impermeable suberized superficial layers. Key words: somatic embryos, zygotic embryos, Vitis sp., histochemistry, development.

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Burgués, Juan Pablo, Luis Gómez, José Luis Pontones, César David Vera, Juan Fernando Jiménez-Cruz y Mariano Ozonas. "A Chemosensitivity Test for Superficial Bladder Cancer Based on Three-Dimensional Culture of Tumour Spheroids". European Urology 51, n.º 4 (abril de 2007): 962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.10.034.

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Burués, J. P., L. Gómez, J. L. Pontones, C. D. Vera, J. F. Jiménez y M. Ozonas. "880A chemosensitivity test for superficial bladder cancer based on three-dimensional culture of tumour spheroids". European Urology Supplements 4, n.º 3 (marzo de 2005): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(05)80884-x.

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Crook, T. J., I. S. Hall, L. Z. Solomon, B. R. Birch y A. J. Cooper. "A model of superficial bladder cancer using fluorescent tumour cells in an organ-culture system". BJU International 86, n.º 7 (24 de diciembre de 2001): 886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00923.x.

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Seifert, Hans-Helge, Andrea Meyer, Marcus V. Cronauer, Jiri Hatina, Mirko Müller, Harald Rieder, Michele J. Hoffmann, Rolf Ackermann y Wolfgang A. Schulz. "A new and reliable culture system for superficial low-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder". World Journal of Urology 25, n.º 3 (18 de abril de 2007): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00345-007-0166-7.

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Jara, Carla, Estibaliz Mateo, José-Manuel Guillamón, Albert Mas y María-Jesús Torija. "Analysis of acetic acid bacteria by different culture-independent techniques in a controlled superficial acetification". Annals of Microbiology 63, n.º 1 (28 de marzo de 2012): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13213-012-0450-7.

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Donaghy, Matthew. "Between Tradition and Law: The Sociolegal Conditions of Bank Confidentiality in Monaco". Social & Legal Studies 10, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2001): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a016324.

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This article adopts a sociolegal perspective in analysing the sociological conditions underpinning the emergence of a bank confidentiality law in the 'offshore' financial centre of Monaco. It utilizes three analytical distinctions in approaching the social, legal and political dimensions of the law and moves beyond superficial claims that Monaco's proposed law merely represents a codification of hitherto informal principles and practices. Issues surrounding the globalization of Monaco's banking market and its effects upon the legal culture of confidentiality are explored. However, changes in the legal culture of offshore financial centres should not be equated with an erosion of the state, which is shown to play a constitutive role in sociolegal transformations. In the final section of the article, the implications of the discussion for the sociolegal dimensions of offshore financial centres are drawn out, offering a blueprint for future comparative study on the legal cultures of globalized financial centres.

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Khan, Shoaib Mohmad, Anjum Farhana, Umara Amin y Reyaz A. Khan. "Clinicomycological pattern of dermatomycosis – A two-year retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital of north India". Indian Journal of Microbiology Research 8, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmr.2021.013.

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Fungal infections are a growing cause of concern in both hospital and non-hospital settings all over the world. Fungal infections are often characterized by the location of the infection. These may be referred to as superficial, subcutaneous, or systemic, which is also referred to as deep-seated. Dermatomycosis are superficial fungal infections of the skin & or its appendages.This study was undertaken to determine: 1) The predominant dermatophytes and non dermatophytes causing dermatomycosis. 2) The clinicomycological profile of dermatomycosis.641 samples from clinically suspected cases of dermatomycosis including the skin, hair, and nail samples were collected. All the relevant clinical, demographic, and epidemiological details were noted. Samples were then subjected to direct microscopy and fungal culture.Of the total 641 cases, 337 (52.6%) were males and 304 (47.4) were females (Table 1). The most commonly affected age group was 20–39 years (51%). Out of total, 340 (53%) were nail samples, 283 (44.1%) were skin samples, and 18 (2.9%) were hair samples. Onychomycosis was the commonest clinical presentation (48.8%) followed by Scaly skin lesions (13.1%). Moreover, Tinea corporis was seen in 10.3%, Tinea cruris in 5.3% cases. KOH wet mount was performed on all 641 samples with 230 (35.9%) showing positive results. Whereas, 312 (48.7%) were positive by culture. the most common Fungi isolated in our study were Dermatophytes n=154 (49.4%), followed by Non-dermatophyte molds (NDMs) n=93 (29.8%) and Yeasts n=65 (20.8%).A combination of direct microscopy and culture was found to be superior than direct microscopy and culture alone. The recovery of NDMs and yeasts from routine dermatological samples in addition to the usual suspects, dermatophytes, also increases the awareness and suspicion among clinicians and mycologists to look beyond dermatophytes as the lone cause of superficial skin infections. Additionally, given the geographical location of Kashmir valley and its temperate climate with extremely cold winters (November to March) and a relatively milder summer with moderate humidity levels, when compared to the rest of northern Indian states doesn’t make it a suitable environment for fungal infections, more so the superficial mycosis. That said, people at risk are always vulnerable to develop fungal infections.

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Kozhina, K. V., E. N. Volkova, I. N. Saburina, Sergey G. Morozov, I. M. Zurina, N. V. Kosheleva, A. A. Gorkun y A. A. Grigorieva. "The influence of peptide bioregulators on skin aging in 3D culture model". Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases 19, n.º 1 (15 de febrero de 2016): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9588-2016-19-1-58-63.

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He effect of mesotherapy injection (Meso-Wharton R199TM) on the dermal fibroblasts culture, simulating condition of (mature) aging skin cells are studied. Material and methods. The culture of 4th passage fibroblasts (P4), that corresponds to young skin fibroblasts (control) and the culture of 18th passage fibroblasts (P18), that has all the signs of aging dermal fibroblasts (predominance of large cells, slow cell division) were used. Bioactivity was assessed by cell morphology, epithelium-mesenchyme plasticity and expression of fibroblasts markers: cytokeratin 19, elastin, a-smooth muscle actin (aSMA), PCNA (proliferation marker), collagen types I, III, IV and fibronectin. The formation of spheroids occur when fibroblasts P18 are cultivating with the injection medication, on terms comparable to the formation of spheroids from P4 young fibroblasts. From culture of fibroblasts P18, that was cultured without medication, does not form the full spheroid, but aggregation of cells and their gradual destruction with necrotic masses within the unit are observed. The presence of the medication stimulates the “rejuvenation” of cells and subsequent recovery of the mesenchyme-epithelial plasticity of cultured fibroblasts due to the reduced ability to synthesize sufficient to establish the amount of intercellular contacts the extracellular matrix components (fibronectin and collagen), which affects the ability to form spheroids. Culturing spheroids formed with the medication stimulates expression of elastin, collagen type IV, fibronectin extracellular matrix protein that supports the skin elasticity and superficial cells actively express cytokeratin 19. The study results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of mesotherapeutic treatment for skin rejuvenation.

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