Tesis: "DC/DC bidirectional converter"

1

Wallberg, Alexander. "Design and construction of a bidirectional DC/DC converter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385240.

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A four quadrant general single-phase bi-directional DC/DC converter was designed and constructed for high effect systems. The target application for the DC/DC converter was to be used to transfer energy between different energy storages, a miniature DC power grid and the high voltage AC power city grid. The converter is capable of step-up and step-down operations in both directions i.e. it is bi-directional at varying voltage levels. Different DC/DC topologies were investigated, and thereafter simulations were performed in LTspice and Simulink to ensure its capabilities and functionalities. The result of the simulations was a two layered PI-regulator, controlling both the external DC-grid voltage and inductor current through the converter. Once a suitable topology and control strategy was found, a suitable power transistor investigated and a PCB driver card were developed with KiCad. The final converter is capable to seamlessly change between its four modes and controlling voltages up to 1200 V and currents up to 200 A.

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2

Zhang, Junhong. "Bidirectional DC-DC Power Converter Design Optimization, Modeling and Control." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26126.

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In order to increase the power density, the discontinuous conducting mode (DCM) and small inductance is adopted for high power bidirectional dc-dc converter. The DCM related current ripple is minimized with multiphase interleaved operation. The turn-off loss caused by the DCM induced high peak current is reduced by snubber capacitor. The energy stored in the capacitor needs to be discharged before device is turned on. A complementary gating signal control scheme is employed to turn on the non-active switch helping discharge the capacitor and diverting the current into the anti-paralleled diode of the active switch. This realizes the zero voltage resonant transition (ZVRT) of main switches. This scheme also eliminates the parasitic ringing in inductor current. This work proposes an inductance and snubber capacitor optimization methodology. The inductor volume index and the inductor valley current are suggested as the optimization method for small volume and the realization of ZVRT. The proposed capacitance optimization method is based on a series of experiments for minimum overall switching loss. According to the suggested design optimization, a high power density hardware prototype is constructed and tested. The experimental results are provided, and the proposed design approach is verified. In this dissertation, a general-purposed power stage model is proposed based on complementary gating signal control scheme and derived with space-state averaging method. The model features a third-order system, from which a second-order model with resistive load on one side can be derived and a first-order model with a voltage source on both sides can be derived. This model sets up a basis for the unified controller design and optimization. The Î -type model of coupled inductor is introduced and simplified to provide a more clearly physical meaning for design and dynamic analysis. These models have been validated by the Simplis ac analysis simulation. For power flow control, a unified controller concept is proposed based on the derived general-purposed power stage model. The proposed unified controller enables smooth bidirectional current flow. Controller is implemented with digital signal processing (DSP) for experimental verification. The inductor current is selected as feedback signal in resistive load, and the output current is selected as feedback signal in battery load. Load step and power flow step control tests are conducted for resistive load and battery load separately. The results indicate that the selected sensing signal can produce an accurate and fast enough feedback signal. Experimental results show that the transition between charging and discharging is very smooth, and there is no overshoot or undershoot transient. It presents a seamless transition for bidirectional current flow. The smooth transition should be attributed to the use of the complementary gating signal control scheme and the proposed unified controller. System simulations are made, and the results are provided. The test results have a good agreement with system simulation results, and the unified controller performs as expected.
Ph. D.

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3

Ramasamy, Thaiyal Naayagi. "Bidirectional DC-DC converter for aircraft electric energy storage systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bidirectional-dcdc-converter-for-aircraft-electric-energy-storage-systems(34423ae1-ebfb-48bd-a66d-fd03b45615e7).html.

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Future aircraft are likely to employ electrically powered actuators for adjusting flight control surfaces, and other high power transient loads. To meet the peak power demands of aircraft electric loads and to absorb regenerated power, an ultracapacitor-based energy storage system is examined in which a bidirectional dual active bridge DC-DC converter is used. This Thesis deals with the analysis, design, development and performance evaluation of the dual active bridge (DAB) converter, which can act as an interface between the ultracapacitor energy storage bank and the aircraft electrical power network. A steady-state analysis is performed for the DAB converter producing equations for the device RMS and average currents and the peak and RMS currents in the coupling inductor. This analysis focuses on understanding converter current shapes and identifying the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) boundary condition. A converter prototype was designed and built and its operation verified through SABER simulations confirming the accuracy of the analysis. Experimental results are included to support the analysis for 7kW, 20 kHz operating conditions giving a measured efficiency of 90%. To enhance the performance of the converter under light-loads, a quasi-square-wave mode of operation is proposed in which a dead-time is introduced either on the transformer primary voltage, or on the transformer secondary voltage, or simultaneously on both transformer primary and secondary. A similar detailed analysis as that for square-wave operation has been undertaken for all three cases and the converter performance was analysed focusing on ZVS operating range, impact of the RMS/peak inductor currents and converter efficiency. The theoretical work was validated through SABER simulations and proof of concept experimental measurements at 1kW, 20 kHz, which resulted in converter efficiency well above 91%. A 9%-17% improvement in efficiency and a 12%-17% improvement in ZVS operating range over square-wave operation are observed for similar operating conditions. Furthermore, a novel bidirectional current control technique for the DAB converter is presented. A SABER simulation has been performed and the converter operation is validated for square-wave and quasi-square-wave modes under steady-state and transient conditions.

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4

Chu, Alex. "Evaluation and Design of a SiC-Based Bidirectional Isolated DC/DC Converter." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81994.

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Galvanic isolation between the grid and energy storage unit is typically required for bidirectional power distribution systems. Due to the recent advancement in wide-bandgap semiconductor devices, it has become feasible to achieve the galvanic isolation using bidirectional isolated DC/DC converters instead of line-frequency transformers. A survey of the latest generation SiC MOSFET is performed. The devices were compared against each other based on their key parameters. It was determined that under the given specifications, the most suitable devices are X3M0016120K 1.2 kV 16 mohm and C3M0010090K 900 V 10 mohm SiC MOSFETs from Wolfspeed. Two of the most commonly utilized bidirectional isolated DC/DC converter topologies, dual active bridge and CLLC resonant converter are introduced. The operating principle of these converter topologies are explained. A comparative analysis between the two converter topologies, focusing on total device loss, has been performed. It was found that the CLLC converter has lower total device loss compared to the dual active bridge converter under the given specifications. Loss analysis for the isolation transformer in the CLLC resonant converter was also performed at different switching frequencies. It was determined that the total converter loss was lowest at a switching frequency of 250 kHz A prototype for the CLLC resonant converter switching at 250 kHz was then designed and built. Bidirectional power delivery for the converter was verified for power levels up to 25 kW. The converter waveforms and efficiency data were captured at different power levels. Under forward mode operation, a peak efficiency of 98.3% at 15 kW was recorded, along with a full load efficiency value of 98.1% at 25 kW. Under reverse mode operation, a peak efficiency of 98.8% was measured at 17.8 kW. The full load efficiency at 25 kW under reverse mode operation is 98.5%.
Master of Science

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5

Melo, Rodnei Regis de. "Bidirectional interleaved dc-dc converter applied to supercapacitors for electric vehicles." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12327.

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nÃo hÃ
The electric vehicle is increasingly present in our cities every day, and in the technological context it has shown great progress. Two essential elements to the success of these vehicles are the electric energy storage devices and electronic converters for processing and management of this energy. In this context, this dissertation presents a study on the current situation of the electric vehicle on the world scenario and its embedded technologies. Another object of research are supercapacitors for application in electric vehicles as an energy storage source and fast energy transfer. Thus, these studies provide the basis for achieving the main objective of this work: developing a bidirectional dc-dc converter for managing the energy flow provided by a supercapacitor module applied in an electric vehicle. A 2 kW laboratory a prototype with two phase interleaved dc-dc bidirectional topology has been implemented. Also, all used methodology is exposed, such as qualitative analysis, dimensioning of components, modeling and design of PI type controllers for the proposed converter. The digital implementation of the control circuit was designed using the dsPIC30f4011 by Microchip. Through simulation and experimental tests, it was evaluated the behavior of the converter and a performance comparison was held, with the converter showing efficiency above 90%. Thus, through theoretical and practical results it was possible to evaluate the performance of the converter and future studies involving the complete structure of a model of a small electric vehicle.
O veÃculo elÃtrico estÃ cada vez mais presente em nossas cidades, e no Ãmbito tecnolÃgico ele vem apresentando grandes avanÃos. Dois elementos essenciais para o sucesso desses veÃculos sÃo os dispositivos de armazenamento de energia elÃtrica e os conversores eletrÃnicos para processamento e gerenciamento dessa energia. Nesse contexto, esta dissertaÃÃo apresenta um estudo sobre a atual situaÃÃo do veÃculo elÃtrico no cenÃrio mundial e suas tecnologias embarcadas. Outro objeto de pesquisa sÃo os supercapacitores para aplicaÃÃo em veÃculos elÃtricos como fonte de armazenamento e transferÃncia rÃpida de energia. Neste contexto o presente trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento de um conversor cc-cc bidirecional para gerenciamento do fluxo de energia em um mÃdulo de supercapacitores para utilizaÃÃo em um veÃculo elÃtrico. Ã projetado e desenvolvido em laboratÃrio um protÃtipo com potÃncia de 2 kW, cuja topologia adotada Ã um conversor cc-cc bidirecional intercalado de duas fases. Deste modo, Ã exposta toda metodologia empregada onde Ã abordada a anÃlise qualitativa, o dimensionamento dos componentes, a modelagem e o projeto dos controladores tipo PI para o conversor proposto. Para a implementaÃÃo digital do circuito de controle foi utilizado o dsPIC30f4011 da Microchip. Por meio de simulaÃÃo e dos ensaios experimentais avaliou-se o comportamento do conversor e realizou-se uma comparaÃÃo de desempenho, tendo o conversor apresentado rendimento acima de 90%. Assim, pelos resultados teÃricos e prÃticos foi possÃvel avaliar o desempenho do conversor e creditar a continuidade de sua aplicaÃÃo a trabalhos futuros envolvendo a estruturaÃÃo completa de um modelo de veÃculo elÃtrico de pequeno porte.

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6

Mayes, Peter Richard. "A novel AC/DC bidirectional power converter." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239439.

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7

Mazza, Luan Carlos dos Santos. "Single phase bidirectional DAB DC-DC converter based on three state switching cell." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14412.

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This work presented is DC-DC isolated ZVS Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge (DAB) single phase converter, based three-state switching cell is presented. The proposal is to apply it in photovoltaic systems with battery bank into smart networks. Basically the drive control is the duty cycle (D) of the switches and the Phase Shift (φ) of the fundamental tensions between the bridges. The gyrator modeling of the converter is presented, highlighting its natural operating characteristic as gyrator. Shows the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the converter, realizing the full study of the stages of operation of the topology and checking all sixteen regions of operation. To obtain the regions of soft-switching, the fundamental model is applied. The design procedure of the converter is presented, and the results of simulations. A 2kW prototype was developed, aimed at obtaining experimental results validate the theoretical analysis
Neste trabalho Ã apresentado o conversor CC-CC ZVS isolado bidirecional Dual Active Bridge (DAB) monofÃsico, baseado na cÃlula de comutaÃÃo de trÃs estados. A proposta Ã aplicÃ-lo em sistemas fotovoltaicos com banco de baterias em redes inteligentes. Basicamente o controle do conversor consiste na razÃo cÃclica (D) dos interruptores e o Phase Shift (φ) entre as componentes fundamentais das tensÃes entre as pontes. A modelagem por gyrator do conversor Ã apresentada, destacando-se sua caracterÃstica natural de funcionamento como gyrator. Mostra-se a anÃlise qualitativa e quantitativa do conversor, realizando o estudo completo das etapas de operaÃÃo da topologia e verificando todas as dezesseis regiÃes de operaÃÃo. Para obtenÃÃo das regiÃes de comutaÃÃo suave, Ã aplicado o modelo fundamental. O procedimento de projeto do conversor Ã apresentado, alÃm dos resultados de simulaÃÃes. Um protÃtipo de 2 kW foi desenvolvido, visando a obtenÃÃo dos resultados experimentais e validando a anÃlise teÃrica.

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8

Rezaee, Ali. "WIDE RANGE BI-DIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVERTER." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41189.

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Bi-directional DC-DC converters are used for applications that require a flow of energy in two directions, while a wide range converter offer efficient operation over a wide range of input and output voltages. However, an efficient technology that is both bi-directional and Wide Input Wide Output (WIWO), currently, does not currently exist. To find a suitable topology, the work began by surveying the existing literature and when a potentially suitable solution was identified, it was evaluated via simulation. Using a wide range, unidirectional topology as the starting point, a converter topology was designed, capable of reconfiguring its transformer ratios by controlling the synchronization of its switches. By aiming to use soft switching in simulation, this topology was improved to reach 92\% efficiency in the forward mode and 95\% in the reverse mode of operation. Furthermore, a prototype of this converter was developed that reached 82\% efficiency. While this prototype requires a better controller, hardware optimization and testing for optimal performance, the proposed technology was verified via simulation to work as a WIWO converter that is also bi-directional.

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9

Han, Sangtaek. "High-power bi-directional DC/DC converters with controlled device stresses." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49010.

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The objective of the research is to develop a cost-effective high-power bi-directional dc/dc converter with low total-device ratings, reduced system parasitic effects, and a wide input/output range. Additional objectives of the research are to develop a small-signal model and control methods, and to present performance characterizations. Device stresses in the proposed topology are controlled to maintain minimal levels by varying the duty ratio and phase-shift angle between the primary and the secondary bridges, which results in a low total-device rating, when compared to conventional bi-directional dc/dc topologies. In the proposed topology, soft switching, which reduces power loss, can be realized under specific operating conditions. When the condition that causes minimal device stress is satisfied, zero-voltage switching (ZVS) can be obtained. In the research, ZVS capability is explored for a wide range of voltage conditions as well as for the minimal device-stress condition. The performance characterization includes verifying the soft-switching regions and power-loss estimation. Another part of the thesis is the controller design of the converter. Small-signal models and feedback controllers are developed, and the controllers are experimentally validated. Because in the isolated high-frequency converters, transformer saturation is an important issue, a method to prevent transformer saturation is proposed and experimentally validated.

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10

Hedlund, Magnus. "Design and construction of a bidirectional DCDC converter for an EV application." Thesis, Uppsala University, Electricity, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-119916.

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A Sliding Mode Control System for a Bidirectional DCDC Converter was designed and a low voltage prototype was constructed. The control system based its decisions solely on the latest available measurements, which improves performance when changing operative quadrant, since no memory needs reinitializing (such as for PI and state prediction methods). A boost control philosophy was presented, based on a current source approximation. The control was found to be stable without steady-state errors when the variance of the input/output dynamics was high.

The target application for the DCDC Converter is an EV (Electric Vehicle) with a flywheel driveline, which puts additional requirements of the converter. Among these are current and voltage control, bidirectionality, and a broad input voltage range.

Simulations were performed in Simulink prior to physical implementation, proving functionality of the proposed control system. The physical implementation of the control was done on a digital signal processor with code compiled from C. A median filter was designed to increase measurement efficiency for the current sensors which had shot-like noise distortions.

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11

Albiol, Tendillo Laura. "Design and control of a bidirectional dc/dc converter for an electric vehicle application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/312829.

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L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és desenvolupar una solució pel convertidor DC/DC del sistema de tracció d’un vehicle elèctric. Varis aspectes d’aquesta solució han estat examinats minuciosament. El primer és la tria de la topologia de convertidor DC/DC bidireccional apropiada, tenint en compte l’aplicació considerada. Finalment s’ha optat per un convertidor boost bidireccional amb filtre de sortida. Un cop determinada la topologia, s’ha analitzat l’estabilitat del sistema, tenint en compte que l’accionament elèctric que alimenta té un efecte desestabilitzant. D’acord amb els resultats obtinguts, el convertidor ha hagut de ser redissenyat. De fet, el disseny del convertidor és un procés iteratiu que ha estat revisat al llarg de la tesi. Com a part de la solució proposada, aquesta tesi també estudia el control del convertidor. El control en mode lliscament és escollit com la tècnica de control de corrent del convertidor, amb un llaç extern de control de la tensió. S’ha cregut que aquesta tècnica permet l’operació bidireccional del convertidor sense necessitat de determinar si la potència s’entrega de la font al motor o viceversa, i en la tesi es demostra aquest punt. L’últim pas de la solució consisteix en buscar un mètode per incrementar la potència nominal del convertidor dissenyat que permeti assolir la potència d’un vehicle elèctric comercial. Paral•lelitzar varis convertidors i establir un control en mode lliscament amb una configuració en anell aconsegueix aquest increment de potència, alhora que redueix considerablement l’arrissat. La solució proposada es verifica mitjançant un emulador de sistema de tracció de 4,5 kW. Les especificacions per aquest emulador s’han definit, i llavors s’ha obtingut el model corresponent en Matlab/Simulink. Tant els resultats de simulació com els experimentals validen la operació de la solució proposada sota un perfil de conducció.
El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar una solución para el convertidor DC/DC del sistema de tracción de un vehículo eléctrico. Varios aspectos de esta solución han sido examinados minuciosamente. El primero es la elección de la topología de convertidor DC/DC bidireccional apropiada, teniendo en cuenta la aplicación considerada. Finalmente se ha optado por un convertidor boost bidireccional con filtro de salida. Una vez determinada la topología, se ha analizado la estabilidad del sistema, teniendo en cuenta que el accionamiento eléctrico que alimenta tiene un efecto desestabilizante. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el convertidor ha tenido que ser iterativamente rediseñado al largo de la tesis. Como parte de la solución propuesta, esta tesis también estudia el control del convertidor. El control en modo deslizamiento es elegido como la técnica de control de corriente del convertidor, con un lazo externo de control de la tensión. Se considera que esta técnica permite la operación bidireccional del convertidor sin necesidad de determinar si la potencia se entrega de la fuente al motor o viceversa, y en la tesis se demuestra este punto. El último paso de la solución consiste en buscar un método para incrementar la potencia nominal del convertidor diseñado que permita alcanzar la potencia de un vehículo eléctrico comercial. Paralelizar varios convertidores y establecer un control en modo deslizamiento con una configuración en anillo consigue este incremento de potencia, y además reduce considerablemente el rizado. La solución propuesta se verifica mediante un emulador de sistema de tracción de 4,5 kW. Las especificaciones para este emulador se han definido, y entonces se ha obtenido el modelo correspondiente en Matlab/Simulink. Tanto los resultados de simulación como los experimentales validan la operación de la solución propuesta bajo un perfil de conducción.
The objective of this thesis is to develop a solution for the powertrain DC/DC converter of an electric vehicle. Several aspects of the solution have been examined minutely. The first of them is the selection of an appropriate topology of bidirectional DC/DC converter for the herein considered application, which finally is a bidirectional boost converter with output filter. On this decision, the stability of the system has to be thoroughly analysed in view of the fact that the load is a motor drive, and thus has an unstabilising effect. According to the results of the stability analysis, the converter has to be designed. The design of the converter is an iterative process that will have to be re examined during the development of the thesis. As part of the DC/DC system solution, this thesis also has to cover the controller of the converter. Sliding mode is proposed as the current controller technique of the converter, with an outer voltage control loop. This technique is thought to enable the bidirectional operation of the converter with no need to determine if power is flowing from the motor to the source or vice versa, and this point has to be demonstrated. The last step of the solution is to propose a method to increase the power rating of the design, to match the rating of a commercial EV. Paralleling several converters and establishing a ring-configuration sliding-mode control achieves this objective, with the added value of ripple reduction. The proposed solution is verified by means of a powertrain emulator of 4.5 kW. The specifications for the emulator have to be set and once designed, its model in Matlab/Simulink will be obtained. Both the simulation and the experimental results validate the operation of the solution under a driving profile.

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12

Enomoto, Bruno Yukio. "Conversores DC-DC Dual-Active-Bridge isolados bidirecionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-17072018-092952/.

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Este trabalho visa o estudo das regiões de operação de conversores CC/CC isolados bidirecionais do tipo DAB (Dual Active Bridge). É feito um estudo do comportamento do circuito com a variação dos valores das reatâncias de acoplamento, avaliando-se aspectos como eficiência, fator de potência, reativos, entre outros. A seguir é proposta uma estrutura de controle que permite a operação com tensões nos barramentos DC diferentes das nominais, minimizando as correntes absorvidas. Além disso, propõe-se uma estratégia de controle para regular a potência transferida. O trabalho inclui modelagem teórica, implementação em simulação computacional e medidas em protótipo experimental.
This work investigates operation regions of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC isolated bidirectional converters, studying circuit behavior with the variation of the coupling reactance, evaluating parameters like efficiency, power factor, reactive flow etc. A control structure is proposed which allows operating with DC voltages different from nominal voltages, reducing the AC currents. Furthermore, a control strategy to regulate the power transferred is proposed. Methodology includes theoretical modeling, computer simulation and experimental prototype measurements.

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13

You, Keping Electrical Engineering &amp Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A new bidirectional AC-DC converter using matrix converter and Z-source converter topologies." Awarded by:University of New South Wales, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/37450.

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This thesis proposes a new bidirectional three-phase AC-DC power converter using matrix converter and Z-source inverter topologies. Advantages of the AC-DC matrix converter are the inherently controllable power factor, the tight DC voltage regulation, the wide bandwidth with quick response to load variation, the single-stage buck-voltage AC-to-DC power conversion; advantages of the z-source inverter are the increased reliability by allowing the shoot-through between upper and lower power switches of one inverter leg, insensitivity to DC bus voltage due to the extra freedom of controlling DC-link voltage. The proposed Matrix-Z-source converter (MZC) marries up both advantages of AC-DC matrix converter and Z-source inverter. It can achieve voltage-boost DC-AC inversion capable of variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) AC output; it can achieve voltage-buck AC-DC rectification capable of inherent control over AC current phase angle and DC output regulation with a (VVVF) AC source supply. Both foresaid performance in DC-AC inversion and AC-DC rectification can be implemented in a simple open-loop control manner. Three constraints of VSI, in the bidirectional AC-DC power conversion, are the peak AC voltages are always less than DC-link voltage, closed-loop control has to be employed when DC regulation and/or AC current phase angle control are required, and AC voltage is sensitive to the variation of the DC-link voltage in DC-AC inversion. The voltage-boost inversion and/or voltage-buck rectification of MZC overcomes the first constraint; thus MZC enables the AC machine voltage increased higher than DC-link voltage hence advantages of running AC machine at relatively high voltages are enabled. The direct DC voltage regulation and inherent AC-current-phase-angle control of MZC overcomes the second constraint in an open-loop manner; hence a simplified system design is obtained with sufficient room for the further improvement by closed-loop control schemes. The extra freedom in controlling DC-link voltage of MZC overcomes the third constraint hence a DC source voltage adaptable inverter is obtained. This thesis focuses on the study of the feasibility of the proposed MZC through theoretical analysis and experimental verification. At first, the proposed MZC is conceptually constructed by examining the quadrant operation of AC-DC matrix converter and Z-source inverter. After the examination of the operating principles of both AC-DC matrix converter and Z-source inverter, the configuration of MZC is then proposed. The MZC has two operating modes: DC-AC inversion and AC-DC rectification. Circuit analysis for both operating modes shows that the new topology does not impose critical conflict in circuit design or extra restriction in parameterization. On the contrary, one version of the proposed MZC can make full advantage of Z-source network components in both operating modes, i.e. a pair of Z-source inductor and capacitor can be used as low-pass filter in AC-DC rectification. The modulation strategy, average modeling of system, and features of critical variables for circuit design of the proposed MZC were examined for each operating mode. Simulations of the proposed MZC and its experimental verification have been presented. Analytical models of conduction and switching losses of the power-switch network in different operating mode have shown that the losses in the MZC compare favorably with conventional VSI for a range of power factor and modulation indices.

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14

Celius, Zacharek Daniel, and Filip Sundqvist. "Design of Bidirectional DC/DC Battery Management System for Electrical Yacht." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149463.

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Electrical vehicles are getting more popular as the technology around batteries and electrical motors are catching up to the more common combustion engines. Electrical boats are no exception but there are still a lot of boats using old combustion engines that have a big impact on the environment. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the integration of electrical motors into boats by proposing a design of a system using a bidirectional synchronous buckboost converter. This converter is designed to handle the power transfer in a dual battery application, namely consisting of a 12 V battery and a 48 V battery. The converter includes proposed components, a PCB design, as well as the software that is required for the control of the power transfer. The results show that the converter design meets specification and, when using a test-bench, the software is capable of controlling the converter to achieve constant current and constant voltage in both directions.

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15

Wu, Kuiyuan. "Analysis and design of isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter with novel triple phase-shift control." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42815.

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The bidirectional DC-DC converter is widely used in automobiles, energy storage systems, uninterruptible power supplies and aviation power systems. At present, there are three main problems in this area. The first problem concerns stability of the bidirectional converter when parameters change; the second is maintaining high efficiency of the bidirectional converter over wide load range; the third concerns the sensitivity of the efficiency of the bidirectional converter to parameter changes. This thesis presents a new method to determine the stability of the bidirectional converter using the Lyapunov function method under arbitrary parameter changes. As another new contribution, the stability analysis with eigenvalue method is presented when only the input voltage changes. Although these two methods are used in this thesis to determine the stability of bidirectional dual full bridge DC-DC converter with triple phase-shift control, they can be used to determine the stability of other power converters composed of various power switches and controlled with different control methods. A novel triple phase-shift control method is developed in this thesis to make the bidirectional converter operate at high efficiency and make it robust to parameters changes and output power variations. Simulation results illustrate that the novel control method is better than several other commonly used control methods for the bidirectional converter when component parameters and output power change. The working theory of the bidirectional converter with novel triple phase-shift control method is comprehensively described in the thesis. As another new contribution, the maximum output power of the bidirectional converter is analyzed in detail in the thesis. Simulation studies of this project have provided satisfactory results. Conclusions are made on the presented work and possible future directions in continuing the work are indicated.

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Chen, Weilun Warren. "Bidirectional Three-Phase AC-DC Power Conversion Using DC-DC Converters and a Three-Phase Unfolder." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6905.

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Strategic use of energy storage systems alleviates imbalance between energy generation and consumption. Battery storage of various chemistries is favorable for its relatively high energy density and high charge and discharge rates. Battery voltage is in dc, while the distribution of electricity is still predominantly in ac. To effectively harness the battery energy, a dc-ac inverter is required. A conventional inverter contains two high-frequency switching stages. The battery-interfacing stage provides galvanic isolation and switches at high frequency to minimize the isolation transformer size. The grid-interfacing stage also operates at high frequency to obtain sinusoidal grid currents and the desired power. Negative consequences of high-frequency switching include increased switching loss and the generation of large voltage harmonics that require filtering. This dissertation proposes an alternative two-stage inverter topology aimed at reducing converter size and weight. This is achieved by reducing the number of high-frequency switching stages and associated filter requirements. The grid-interfacing stage is operated at the line frequency, while only the battery-interfacing stage operates at high frequency to shape the line currents and control power flow. The line-frequency operation generates negligible switching loss and minimal current harmonics in the grid-interfacing stage. As a result, the required filter is reduced in size. Hardware designs are performed and compared between the conventional and proposed converters to quantify expected size reduction. Control methods are developed and verified in simulation and experiment to obtain high-quality line currents at all power factors.

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17

González, Castaño Catalina. "Analysis and implementation of a bidirectional dc-dc converter with coupled inductor for an electric vehicle powertrain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667655.

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En aquesta tesi es proposa l'ús d'un convertidor Buck-Boost no inversor situat entre les bateries i l'inversor per regular el bus de contínua del sistema de tracció d'un vehicle elèctric (VE). El convertidor es basa en el Buck-Boost versàtil que ha demostrat un comportament excel·lent en aplicacions de baixa potència i commutació dura en diferents sistemes basats en piles d'hidrogen. A partir d'aquí, ampliar l'ús del convertidor per aplicacions de més alta tensió com les del VE és un repte que s'aborda en aquest treball. L'ús d'un convertidor reductor/elevador d'alta eficiència en el sistema de tracció d'un VE, com és el cas del convertidor versàtil, pot millorar l'eficiència del conjunt per a un rang més ampli de velocitat del motor elèctric que inclou cicles de conducció urbans i en autovia mentre permet la funció tant en tracció com en regeneració (fre regeneratiu). El sistema de control del convertidor consisteix en un llaç extern de tensió i un llaç intern de corrent programats amb el controlador digital de senyal (DSC) TMS320F28377S. Les anàlisis teòriques han estat validades a través de simulacions i proves experimentals realitzades en un prototip construït per a treballar a 400 V i 1,6 kW.
En esta tesis se propone el diseño de un convertidor bidireccional no inversor buck-boost localizado entre la batería y el inversor para regular la tensión dc del sistema de tracción de un vehículo eléctrico (VE). La topología del convertidor está basada en el convertidor versátil buck-boost, el cual para aplicaciones en baja tensión y conmutación dura ha mostrado un gran desempeño, principalmente en distintas topologías de sistemas con pilas de combustible. Por lo tanto, este trabajo se direcciona en el uso de este convertidor para aplicaciones de alta tensión, tal como el vehículo eléctrico. El uso de un convertidor elevador / reductor con alta eficiencia, como en el caso del convertidor versátil, en el sistema de tracción de un VE puede mejorar la eficiencia de todo el sistema para una amplia gama de velocidades del motor eléctrico que comprende las zonas urbanas permitiendo la operación en condiciones de motorización y regeneración (frenos regenerativos). El control propuesto para el convertidor corresponde a un controlador en cascada de retroalimentación con un lazo externo de tensión y un control digital de corriente interno que utiliza el controlador de señal digital (DSC) TMS320F28377S. Los análisis teóricos se han validado mediante simulaciones y pruebas experimentales realizadas en un prototipo construido de 400 V y 1.6 kW.
In this thesis a bidirectional noninverting buck-boost converter located between a battery pack and the inverter to regulate the dc bus in electric vehicle (EV) powertrain is proposed. The converter is based on the versatile buck-boost converter, which in low voltage and hard-switching applications has shown a great performance in different topologies of fuel cell systems. Therefore, extending the use of the converter to higher voltage applications such as the EV is a challenge that is addressed in this work. The use of a high-efficiency step-up/step-down converter, as in the case of the versatile converter, in an EV powertrain can improve the whole system efficiency for an extent range of electric motor speeds which comprises urban and highway driving cycles while allowing the operation under motoring and regeneration (regenerative brake) conditions. The proposed converter control corresponds to an outer voltage feedback loop and an inner current programmed controller using the digital signal controller (DSC) TMS320F28377S. The theoretical analyses have been validated by means of simulations and experimental tests performed on a 400-V 1.6-kW purpose built-prototype.

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18

Broday, Gabriel Renan. "Bidirectional DC-DC converters for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicle applications." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2411.

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Em um momento em que questões ambientais e a segurança energética estão numa posição de destaque, Veículos Elétricos (VEs) estão no centro das atenções. Entretanto, ainda é difícil para eles substituir os tradicionais veículos de combustão interna e a razão principal para isso é o seu sistema de energia. Normalmente, devido a suas características, baterias são usadas como banco de energia para VEs. No entanto, baterias também apresentam algumas limitações para essa aplicação e o problema no sistema de energia é relacionado a essas limitações. Uma das soluções propostas é se colocar baterias e supercapacitores (SC) em paralelo, resultando em um Sistema Híbrido de Armazenamento de Energia (SHAE). Para fazer essa configuração possível e o fluxo de potência controlável em um SHAE, um conversor CC-CC bidirecional interfaceando a bateria e o SC é necessário. Levando isso em consideração, o estudo de topologias CC-CC bidirecionais é apresentado nessa Dissertação de Mestrado. Primeiro, o estudo de um conversor CC-CC bidirecional com indutor dividido, envolvendo sua análise teórica em regime permanente, análise dinâmica e uma metodologia de projeto com resultados de simulação, é apresentado, resultando na construção de um protótipo experimental com as seguintes especificações de projeto: Fonte de tensão 1 de 300 V, fonte de tensão 2 de 96 V, frequência de comutação de 20 kHz e potência nominal de 1000 W. Então, o estudo de uma segunda topologia, um conversor CC-CC Buck-Boost ZVS bidirecional, envolvendo sua análise em regime permanente e uma metodologia de projeto com resultados de simulação, também é apresentado.
In an era where environmental issues and the energetic safety are in an outstanding position, Electric Vehicles (EVs) are in the spotlight. However, it is difficult for them to replace the ICE vehicles and the main reason for that it is their energy system. Normally, due to some of their characteristics, batteries are used as energy bank in Electric Vehicles. Nevertheless, batteries also present some limitations for this application and the energy system problem is related to these limitations. One of the proposed solutions is to place batteries and Supercapacitors (SC) in parallel, resulting in a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS). To make this configuration possible and the power flow controllable in the HESS, a bidirectional DC-DC converter interfacing the battery and the SC is necessary. Taking this into account, the study of bidirectional DC-DC topologies is presented in this Master’s Thesis. First, a study of a bidirectional DC-DC converter with tapped inductor, involving its theoretical steady state analysis, dynamic analysis and design methodology with simulation results, is presented, resulting in the design of an experimental prototype with the following design specifications: Voltage source 1 of 300 V, voltage source 2 of 96 V, switching frequency of 20 kHz and rated power of 1000 W. Then, the study of a second topology, a bidirectional ZVS Buck-Boost DC-DC converter, involving he steady state analysis and a design methodology with simulation results, is also presented.

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19

Filho, Herminio Miguel de Oliveira. "Soft switching bidirectional isolated three-phase DC-DC converter using dual phase-shift control with variable duty cycle." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16346.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
This work presents the analysis, design example, simulations and experimental results on a soft-switching bidirectional isolated three-phase dc-dc converter using dual phase-shift control with variable duty cycle. The topology uses three single H-bridges in the primary side and a three-phase inverter in the secondary side. High-frequency isolation is ensured by using three single-phase transformers connected in open delta-wye configuration. The variation of both phase-shift (PS) angles between the H-bridge legs and/or primary and secondary sides allows controlling the power flow, while reduced reactive power flow is possible. The variable duty cycle is used to ensure a constant voltage bus and/or zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation. A detailed analysis is presented considering a model based on the fundamental components for the voltages and currents in the transformer and, aiming its validation, a second analysis from the operation stages of the converter has also been developed. Besides, the dynamic model of the converter, based on fundamental components and employing the gyrator theory has been developed. A design example with nominal values assumptions, stresses and specifications for components, discrete control system characterization and its FPGA programming are presented. Simulation and experimental results in steady state and closed-loop performance are presented and discussed to validate the proposed approach.
Este trabalho apresenta a anÃlise, exemplo de projeto, simulaÃÃes e resultados experimentais de um conversor CC-CC trifÃsico isolado bidirecional com comutaÃÃo suave, dual phase shift (DPS) e razÃo cÃclica variÃvel. A topologia utiliza trÃs pontes H monofÃsicas no lado primÃrio e um inversor trifÃsico no lado secundÃrio. A isolaÃÃo em alta frequÃncia Ã garantida utilizando-se trÃs transformadores monofÃsicos conectados em uma configuraÃÃo delta aberto/estrela. A variaÃÃo de ambos os Ãngulos de deslocamento de fase, entre os braÃos de uma ponte H e/ou entre os lados primÃrio e secundÃrio, permitem o controle do fluxo de potÃncia. Esta flexibilidade garante a obtenÃÃo de um baixo conteÃdo reativo na anÃlise de projeto da topologia. A razÃo cÃclica variÃvel Ã utilizada para assegurar um barramento constante e uma operaÃÃo dos interruptores com comutaÃÃo suave. Uma anÃlise matemÃtica da estrutura Ã apresentada considerando um modelo baseado em componentes fundamentais e, com o propÃsito de comprovar a validade deste modelo, uma segunda anÃlise a partir das etapas de operaÃÃo do conversor tambÃm foi desenvolvida. O modelo dinÃmico do conversor, baseado nas componentes fundamentais, tambÃm foi concebido com auxÃlio da teoria do gyrator. Um exemplo de projeto, com a obtenÃÃo de valores nominais, esforÃos e especificaÃÃes dos componentes, caracterizaÃÃo do sistema de controle discreto e sua programaÃÃo atravÃs de FPGA sÃo desenvolvidos. SimulaÃÃes e resultados experimentais do conversor operando em regime permanente e dinÃmico sÃo apresentados para validar o modelo proposto.

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20

Liu, Chaohui. "Analysis, design and control of DC-DC resonant converter for on-board bidirectional battery charger in electric vehicles." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17528/.

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The combustion of fossil fuels, a non-renewable and finite resource, has caused increasing air pollution, ozone damage, acid rain and global warming. Electric vehicles (EVs) are eco-friendly with the attractive properties of lower greenhouse emissions, lower fuel usage and reduced air pollution. Battery and charger is one of the vital elements to analyse and develop for EVs. This research focuses on the bidirectional on-board battery charger with the emphasis on the design and analysis of the DC-DC converter. Firstly, a LLC resonant topology is selected as the initial design candidate of the DC-DC resonant converter owing to the preferred soft-switching features. Single phase chargers suffer from a second harmonic voltage/current ripple which can lead to reduction of battery life. A feedforward-proportional-integral-resonant (FF-PIR) controller has been proposed and tested for suppressing this low-frequency current ripple in the LLC resonant converter employed in EV battery chargers. Secondly, the recent developments in smart-grid technology necessitates bi-directional power flow from distributed energy storages like EV to support grid in the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) application. To achieve bi-directional power flow capability, the conventional uni-directional LLC topology is modified into bidirectional CLLC resonant converter. The characteristics have been analysed and validated by extensive simulations and experimental tests. Further improvement has been implemented to increase the power efficiency under varying battery voltages. An optimum-resonant-frequency tracking scheme is proposed and tested to maintain the operation close to the maximum efficiency point over a wide battery voltage range. Finally, in order to predict the converter efficiency accurately, this thesis presents a prediction method employing 2D and 3D finite element analysis (FEA) for calculating the power losses of magnetic components with litz wire in the converter.

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21

Le, Lesle Johan. "Design modeling and evaluation of a bidirectional highly integrated AC/DC converter." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC009/document.

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De nos jours, les énergies renouvelables remplacent les énergies fossiles. Pour assurer une l’interconnexion entre toutes ces installations électriques, l’électronique de puissance est nécessaire. Les principales spécifications de la prochaine génération de convertisseur de puissances sont un rendement et une densité de puissance élevés, fiabilité et faibles coûts. L’intégration PCB des composants actifs et/ou passifs est perçue comme une approche prometteuse, peu onéreuse et efficace. Les délais ainsi que les coûts de fabrication des convertisseurs de puissance peuvent considérablement réduits. L’intégration permet également d’améliorer les performances des convertisseurs. Dans ce but, un concept original d’inductance 3D pliable utilisant la technologie PCB est présenté. Il permet un coût faible pour une production en série, ainsi qu’une excellente reproductibilité. Un usinage partiel de la carte PCB est utilisé, permettant le pliage et la conception des enroulements de l’inductance. Différents prototypes sont développés par le biais d’une procédure d’optimisation. Des tests électriques et thermiques sont réalisés pour valider l’applicabilité du concept au sein de convertisseurs de puissance.Le développement d’une procédure d’optimisation appliqué aux convertisseurs hautement intégrés utilisant l’enterrement PCB est présenté. Tous les choix importants, facilitant l’intégration PCB, e.g. réduction des composants passifs, sont présentés. Cela inclut la sélection de la topologie adéquate avec la modulation associée. La procédure de design et les modèles analytiques sont introduits. Il en résulte un convertisseur comprenant quatre pont-complet entrelacés avec des bras fonctionnant à basse (50 Hz) et haute (180 kHz) fréquences. Cette configuration autorise une variation de courant importante dans les inductances, assurant ainsi la commutation des semi-conducteurs à zéro de tension (ZVS), et ceux sur une période complète du réseau. L’impact de la forte variation de courant sur le filtre CEM est compensé par l’entrelacement. Deux prototypes d’un convertisseur AC/DC bidirectionnel de 3.3 kW sont présentés, les résultats théorique et pratique sont analysés.Pour augmenter la densité de puissance du system, un filtre actif de type “Buck” est étudié. La procédure d’optimisation est adaptée à partir de la procédure implémentée pour le convertisseur AC/DC. L’approche utilisée, mène à un convertisseur opérant également en ZVS durant une période compète du réseau, et ce, à fréquence de commutation fixe. Les technologies sélectionnées, condensateur céramique et inductance compatible avec la technologie PCB sont favorable à l’intégration et sont implémenté sur le prototype
Nowadays, the green energy sources are replacing fossil energies. To assure proper interconnections between all these different electrical facilities, power electronics is mandatory. The main requirements of next generation converters are high efficiency, high power density, high reliability and low-cost. The Printed Circuit Board (PCB) integration of dies and/or passives is foreseen as a promising, low-cost and efficient approach. The manufacturing time and cost of power converters can be drastically reduced. Moreover, integration allows the converter performances to be improved. For this purpose, an original 3D folded power inductor concept using PCB technology is introduced. It is low cost for mass production and presents good reproducibility. A partial milling of the PCB is used to allow bending and building the inductor winding. Prototypes are designed through an optimisation procedure. Electrical and thermal tests are performed to validate the applicability in power converters. The development of an optimisation procedure for highly integrated converters, using PCB embedding, is presented. All important choices, facilitating the PCB integration, e.g. reduction of passive components, are presented. It includes the selection of the suitable converter topology with the associated modulation. The design procedure and implemented analytical models are introduced. It results in four interleaved full-bridges operating with low (50 Hz) and high (180 kHz) frequency legs. The configuration allows high current ripple in the input inductors inducing zero voltage switching (ZVS) for all the semiconductors, and for a complete grid period. The impact of high current ripple on the EMI filter is compensated by the interleaving. Two prototypes of a 3.3 kW bidirectional AC/DC converters are presented, theoretical and practical results are discussed. To further increase the power density of the overall system, a Buck power pulsating buffer is investigated. The optimisation procedure is derived from the procedure implemented for the AC/DC converter. The result favours an original approach, where the converter also operates with ZVS along the entire main period at a fixed switching frequency. The selected technologies for prototyping are integration friendly as ceramic capacitors and PCB based inductors are implemented in the final prototype

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22

Zahid, Zaka Ullah. "Design, Modeling and Control of Bidirectional Resonant Converter for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77686.

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Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are gaining popularity because they are more environmentally friendly, less noisy and more efficient. These vehicles have batteries can be charged by on-board battery chargers that can be conductive or inductive. In conductive chargers, the charger is physically connected to the grid by a connector. With the inductive chargers, energy can be transferred wirelessly over a large air-gap through inductive coupling, eliminating the physical connection between the charger and the grid. A typical on-board battery charger consists of a boost power factor correction (PFC) converter followed by a dc-dc converter. This dissertation focuses on the design, modeling and control of a bidirectional dc-dc converter for conductive battery charging application. In this dissertation, a detailed design procedure is presented for a bidirectional CLLLC-type resonant converter for a battery charging application. This converter is similar to an LLC-type resonant converter with an extra inductor and capacitor in the secondary side. Soft-switching can be ensured in all switches without additional snubber or clamp circuitry. Because of soft-switching in all switches, very high-frequency operation is possible, thus the size of the magnetics and the filter capacitors can be made small. To further reduce the size and cost of the converter, a CLLC-type resonant network with fewer magnetics is derived from the original CLLLC-type resonant network. First, an equivalent model for the bidirectional converter is derived for the steady-state analysis. Then, the design methodology is presented for the CLLLC-type resonant converter. Design of this converter includes determining the transformer turns ratio, design of the magnetizing inductance based on ZVS condition, design of the resonant inductances and capacitances. Then, the CLLC-type resonant network is derived from the CLLLC-type resonant network. To validate the proposed design procedure, a 3.5 kW converter was designed following the guidelines in the proposed methodology. A prototype was built and tested in the lab. Experimental results verified the design procedure presented. The dynamics analysis of any converter is necessary to design the control loop. The bandwidth, phase margin and gain margin of the control loops should be properly designed to guarantee a robust system. The dynamic analysis of the resonant converters have not been extensively studied, with the previous work mainly concentrated on the steady-state models. In this dissertation, the continuous-time large-signal model, the steady-state operating point, and the small-signal model are derived in an analytical closed-form. This model includes both the frequency and the phase-shift control. Simulation and experimental verification of the derived models are presented to validate the presented analysis. A detailed controller design methodology is proposed in this dissertation for the bidirectional CLLLC-type resonant converter for battery charging application. The dynamic characteristics of this converter change significantly as the battery charges or discharges. And, at some operating points, there is a high-Q resonant peaking in the open-loop bode-plot for any transfer functions in this converter. So, if the controller is not properly designed, the closed-loop system might become unstable at some operating points. In this paper, a controller design methodology is proposed that will guarantee a stable operation during the entire operating frequency range in both battery charging mode (BCM) and regeneration mode (RM). To validate the proposed controller design methodology, the output current and voltage loop controllers are designed for a 3.5 kW converter. The step response showed a stable system with good transient performance thus validating the proposed controller design methodology.
Ph. D.

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23

Ribeiro, de Faria Santos Kelly. "Design of a bidirectional on-board charger and a DC-DC converter for low voltage battery in Electric Vehicles." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST035.

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Cette thèse porte sur l'intégration du con-vertisseur DC-DC entre les batteries haute et basse tension (400V / 14V), avec un chargeur embarqué monophasé présent dans l'architecture du véhicule électrique. Dans cette intégration, les deux convertis-seurs sont bidirectionnels et l’isolation galvanique est nécessaire entre les trois sources d'énergie. Dans une première partie de cette étude, nous sommes focali-sés sur le développement d’un convertisseur DC-DC à trois ponts.Le convertisseur DC-DC proposé est un convertisseur bidirectionnel alimenté en courant à résonance pa-rallèle permettant de réaliser des commutations à zéro de tension sur toute la plage de puissance. Grace à la « recopie de tension », le dimensionne-ment du transformateur permet la réalisation d’unestructure beaucoup plus compacte par rapport à d’autres convertisseurs à résonance. Dans la deu-xième partie de ce travail, les caractéristiques du convertisseur sont étudiées afin d’optimiser la stra-tégie de commande et de fonctionnement. Le dé-veloppement d’un transformateur planar est réalisé en respectant les normes pour les véhicules élec-triques et pour minimiser les inductances de fuite. L’étude de la répartition de courant dans les couches connectées en parallèle est faite de façon à éviter la présence de points chauds en haute fré-quence. Le prototype et les résultats finaux sont présentés pour valider le convertisseur à 3 ponts. Après avoir analysé les résultats, quelques proposi-tions sont faites pour améliorer les résultats dans les futurs travaux
This dissertation focuses on the integration of two power electronic converters present in the electric vehicle (EV) architecture – the DC-DC con-verter interfacing the high and low voltage batteries (400V/14V) and the onboard charger (OBC). A three-port current-fed parallel resonant topology with zero voltage switching capability is developed. The con-verter allows bidirectional power flow between the three energy sources with high efficiency in both conversion modes, DC-DC and OBC while ensuring galvanic isolation.A compact three-winding planar transformer is de-signed based on EV industry requirements, empha-sizing the minimization of leakage inductances. In this design, the unequal currentsharing phenomenon between parallel-connected layers is addressed to ensure a homogeneous cur-rent distribution and eliminate the risks of thermal hotspots formation.A 7kW experimental prototype has been con-structed and tested, validating the analysis and op-eration of the proposed topology. Some sugges-tions and propositions are provided for future work aiming at efficiency improvement of the converter

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Alves, Nuno Martins. "High-Performance Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter." Dissertação, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/105515.

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Conversores DC-DC bidireccionais têm vindo a ganhar atenção na área da eletrónica de potência devido ao aumento da necessidade de um fluxo de potência controlado entre dois barramentos DC. Aplicações típicas podem ser facilmente listadas, indo desde unidades de produção de energia renovável até veículos elétricos e híbridos. Estes conversores podem apresentar funcionalidades como elevada densidade energética e performance, assim como isolamento galvânico entre cada porto. Desta forma, a AddVolt requisitou que tal conversor fosse incluído na sua solução de travagem regenerativa. Com esta dissertação, um conversor DC-DC bidireccional e isolado é proposto, sendo que todos os aspetos desde revisão bibliográfica, modelação, design, simulação, implementação, teste e validação são abrangidos. Um conversor Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) de média potência e alta frequência é a topologia escolhida. Após validação de quer a topologia como a malha de controlo desenhada num ambiente computacional, um protótipo experimental é assemblado e testado com sucesso. O isolamento galvânico é garantido e atingido através de um transformador de alta frequência desenhado e enrolado pelo autor.
Bidirectional DC-DC converters have been gaining attention in the field of power electronics due to the increasing need of a controlled power flow between two DC buses. Typical applications can be easily listed, ranging from renewable energy production units to electric and hybrid vehicles. Such converters can feature characteristics as high power density and performance as well as isolation between each port. As a result, AddVolt has commissioned that such a converter should be included in its regenerative breaking solution. Within this dissertation, a bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter is proposed, and all aspects from literature review, modelling, design, simulation, implementation, testing and validation are deeply covered. A medium-power high frequency Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) converter is the chosen topology. After validation of both the topology and control structure in a computational environment, an experimental prototype is assembled and successfully tested. Galvanic isolation is granted and achieved by a self-designed and in-house wound high frequency transformer.

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Alves, Nuno Martins. "High-Performance Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter." Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/105515.

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Conversores DC-DC bidireccionais têm vindo a ganhar atenção na área da eletrónica de potência devido ao aumento da necessidade de um fluxo de potência controlado entre dois barramentos DC. Aplicações típicas podem ser facilmente listadas, indo desde unidades de produção de energia renovável até veículos elétricos e híbridos. Estes conversores podem apresentar funcionalidades como elevada densidade energética e performance, assim como isolamento galvânico entre cada porto. Desta forma, a AddVolt requisitou que tal conversor fosse incluído na sua solução de travagem regenerativa. Com esta dissertação, um conversor DC-DC bidireccional e isolado é proposto, sendo que todos os aspetos desde revisão bibliográfica, modelação, design, simulação, implementação, teste e validação são abrangidos. Um conversor Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) de média potência e alta frequência é a topologia escolhida. Após validação de quer a topologia como a malha de controlo desenhada num ambiente computacional, um protótipo experimental é assemblado e testado com sucesso. O isolamento galvânico é garantido e atingido através de um transformador de alta frequência desenhado e enrolado pelo autor.
Bidirectional DC-DC converters have been gaining attention in the field of power electronics due to the increasing need of a controlled power flow between two DC buses. Typical applications can be easily listed, ranging from renewable energy production units to electric and hybrid vehicles. Such converters can feature characteristics as high power density and performance as well as isolation between each port. As a result, AddVolt has commissioned that such a converter should be included in its regenerative breaking solution. Within this dissertation, a bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter is proposed, and all aspects from literature review, modelling, design, simulation, implementation, testing and validation are deeply covered. A medium-power high frequency Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) converter is the chosen topology. After validation of both the topology and control structure in a computational environment, an experimental prototype is assembled and successfully tested. Galvanic isolation is granted and achieved by a self-designed and in-house wound high frequency transformer.

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Tong, Shi-cheng, and 童世承. "The Study of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for DC System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31838579125174523655.

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碩士
逢甲大學
電機工程所
98
In recent years, the development of green energy has received increasing national attention. It is foreseeable that the DC power supply system development and application, under the progressive development of green energy. The operation mode of bidirectional DC-DC power supply system will be as the current UPS. This design makes and improves to the bidirectional DC-DC power supply system, and the system is superposition half-bridge and full-bridge. The system features is the output voltage has a wide range of modulation under charging model. The power source is the DC bus and the load is batteries. At the frist, paper will introduction the basic DC-DC bidirectional switching cricuits, and description of operating principle of the cricuit of paper. Final, to prove the power coneverter is bidirectionality by experiment.

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27

Lai, Chien-Hsuan, and 賴价炫. "Analysis and Implementation of Bidirectional DC/DC Converter." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17371448190970655354.

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碩士
雲林科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
96
This thesis proposes two bi-directional dc-to-dc converters. These converters can be used in the hybrid electric vehicle for battery charging and discharging system. In order to increase the efficiency of converters, the resonant circuits have been designed to achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) to reduce switching loss. In the secondary side of converters, the synchronous rectifier have been adapted to avoid the surge conduction losses on the power semiconductor. The bi-directional asymmetric PWM half-bridge converter with center tap synchronous rectifier and bi-directional half-bridge converter with full-bridge synchronous rectifier are presented and discussed in detail. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the prototype circuits.

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28

DUNG, NGUYEN ANH, and NGUYEN ANH DUNG. "Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Energy Storage Systems." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6zar9y.

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博士
國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
106
The bidirectional DC-DC converters for the energy storage systems (ESSs) such as batteries or ultra-capacitors in the electric vehicle or automotive systems have been paid more attention in recent years due to the developing of the technology and the exhaustion of the fossil fuel energy and their environmental concerns. There are numerous types of the ESSs depended on the specific applications. However, the ESSs is basically categorized into two main groups based on the voltage level: high voltage ESSs and low voltage ESSs. Therefore, the bidirectional DC-DC converters have been focused on these two voltage level applications. There are two main particular types of the bidirectional converters: isolated and non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converters. In this dissertation, the new control algorithm and the new topology of the non-isolated and isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter for the high and low voltage level of the ESSs are proposed. At high voltage level of the ESSs such as full hybrid/ plug-in or electric vehicle, the isolated dual-active-bridge DC-DC converter is proposed with the novel control scheme to achieve the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) in the whole power range. With this controller, the efficiency is improved significantly due to the reduction of the switching losses. Moreover, the controller requires less calculation and operating modes since the conventional control scheme needs a lot of calculations in every operating mode depending on the power range, results in the instability and unreliability of the system in the dynamic load. In some specific applications, the ESSs require the non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter to improve the power density and cost. Therefore, the non-isolated bidirectional buck/boost converter with the novel control scheme is employed. The duty ratio and the phase shift are controllable to achieve the ZVS for all switches while optimizing the ripple of the inductor current. Therefore, the efficiency is extremely high compared to the conventional topology. Since the low voltage ESSs were employed for the electric vehicle or automotive applications, the low voltage applications of the bidirectional DC-DC converter was proposed. The three-phase bidirectional converter has been employed because of its advantages such as high power density and stability. However, the ZVS achievement is still a big problem. Therefore, this dissertation focused on the ZVS condition for the three-phase converter. A resonant tank was applied at the high side to assure the ZVS even at very light load condition. Moreover, the combination of phase shift control algorithm and frequency modulation was proposed to achieve ZVS at low side battery and extend the ZVS range even at very light load condition. Furthermore, the wye connection was employed at the high side to reduce the voltage stress of the primary transformer and the delta connection was introduced at low side batteries to reduce the current stress. Then the noises and losses of the transformer are reduced significantly. In the low and medium application, the new bidirectional non-isolated converter with high voltage gain, low switches voltage stress, and expandable possibility is proposed. In this dissertation, the analysis and performance of the two-phase bidirectional converter are presented. The operating principle of the forward or reverse mode is similar to that of the conventional buck or boost converter. Therefore, the proposed converter can be operated in the continuous conduction mode, discontinuous conduction mode, depending on the design of the inductors. Moreover, the simple controller is similar to that used in the traditional converter. Results show that the voltage stress on every switch is reduced two times in the two-phase converter compared with the conventional converter. Additionally, the derivate converters are discussed to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed topology.

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29

Rodrigues, Pedro Afonso. "Isolated and Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicles." Dissertação, 2002. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/114199.

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O estado da arte iniciou com a análise na literatura de topologias de conversores DC-DC. Técnicas de modulação são estudadas com vista a melhorar a eficiência de conversão, realçando as vantagens e limitações inerentes das mesmas. Após a análise da literatura, o foco projeto passou a ser a topologias de dupla ponte com dispositivos ativos e com isolamento galvânico intermédio entre as duas pontes (conhecido em inglês por dual active bridge). Algumas técnicas de modulação que permitem o funcionamento do conversor são analisadas no documento e suportadas com resultados obtidos em ambiente de simulação.O dimensionamento do transformador de potência é realizado assim como a descrição dos passos. É relizado uma análise de mercado de dispositivos de comutação com a tecnologia "Silicon Carbide" e são apresentados estimativas de perdas e eficiência de operação na utilização de transistores com a techonoloa SiC no conversor analisado. Os resultados são obtidos com recurso a simulações computacionais que através de modelos de aproximação permitem aproximar o conversor a uma situação mais proxima da real. Em termos de implementação, é esperado a implementação um circuito de comando para dois MOSFETS com tecnologia SiC com a configuração em meia ponte ligada a uma carga.

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30

Chen, Chi-Rong, and 陳麒容. "High-Power Bidirectional DC/DC Converter with Natural Commutation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84354102352686414747.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
103
This thesis proposes a high-power bidirectional DC/DC converter for micro-grid system applications. The power-stage circuit topology is a non-isolated buck-boost DC/DC converter. Conventionally, this topology is hard-switched, which results in significant switching losses, as well as induces electromagnetic interferences and high-frequency noises. Contrarily, a novel control strategy is proposed in this thesis, in which zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) of power switches can be realized with simple pulse-width-modulation. The term “natural commutation” here means that inductor current keeps flowing reversely through the switched-on path. This reversed current will accordingly release the energy stored in the parasitic capacitance of the power switches, which significantly reduces the switching loss. Specifically, even at light-load condition, the conversion efficiency can be improved easily by this control strategy and achieves high efficiency under wide-range load variations. The circuit topology and the operation principles are analyzed in detail in this thesis. According to the design rules, a 2 kW bi-directional converter is built to test its feasibility. The power efficiency is higher than 96 % .

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31

Rodrigues, Pedro Afonso. "Isolated and Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicles." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/114199.

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O estado da arte iniciou com a análise na literatura de topologias de conversores DC-DC. Técnicas de modulação são estudadas com vista a melhorar a eficiência de conversão, realçando as vantagens e limitações inerentes das mesmas. Após a análise da literatura, o foco projeto passou a ser a topologias de dupla ponte com dispositivos ativos e com isolamento galvânico intermédio entre as duas pontes (conhecido em inglês por dual active bridge). Algumas técnicas de modulação que permitem o funcionamento do conversor são analisadas no documento e suportadas com resultados obtidos em ambiente de simulação. O dimensionamento do transformador de potência é realizado assim como a descrição dos passos. É relizado uma análise de mercado de dispositivos de comutação com a tecnologia "Silicon Carbide" e são apresentados estimativas de perdas e eficiência de operação na utilização de transistores com a techonoloa SiC no conversor analisado. Os resultados são obtidos com recurso a simulações computacionais que através de modelos de aproximação permitem aproximar o conversor a uma situação mais proxima da real. Em termos de implementação, é esperado a implementação um circuito de comando para dois MOSFETS com tecnologia SiC com a configuração em meia ponte ligada a uma carga.

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32

Lee, Yu-En, and 李育恩. "Analysis and Design of Bidirectional ZVS DC-DC Converter." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64519079999866605219.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
95
The system analysis and circuit implementation of the bi-direction converters applied on charging/discharging complex fuel cell are presented in this thesis. The soft switching technique is used to reduce the size of magnetizing component, switching losses and to increase the circuit efficiency. In the secondary side of transformer, the synchronous rectifier configuration will reduce the conduction losses on the power semiconductors. The bi-direction asymmetric half-bridge and active clamp forward converters are presented and discussed. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the prototype circuits.

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33

Rodrigues, Pedro Afonso. "Isolated and Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicles." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/114199.

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O estado da arte iniciou com a análise na literatura de topologias de conversores DC-DC. Técnicas de modulação são estudadas com vista a melhorar a eficiência de conversão, realçando as vantagens e limitações inerentes das mesmas. Após a análise da literatura, o foco projeto passou a ser a topologias de dupla ponte com dispositivos ativos e com isolamento galvânico intermédio entre as duas pontes (conhecido em inglês por dual active bridge). Algumas técnicas de modulação que permitem o funcionamento do conversor são analisadas no documento e suportadas com resultados obtidos em ambiente de simulação. O dimensionamento do transformador de potência é realizado assim como a descrição dos passos. É relizado uma análise de mercado de dispositivos de comutação com a tecnologia "Silicon Carbide" e são apresentados estimativas de perdas e eficiência de operação na utilização de transistores com a techonoloa SiC no conversor analisado. Os resultados são obtidos com recurso a simulações computacionais que através de modelos de aproximação permitem aproximar o conversor a uma situação mais proxima da real. Em termos de implementação, é esperado a implementação um circuito de comando para dois MOSFETS com tecnologia SiC com a configuração em meia ponte ligada a uma carga.

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34

Chen, Hsuan-Ting, and 陳宣廷. "Study and Implementation of Hybrid DC Switch and Bidirectional DC-DC Converter." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/byb65r.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
電機工程系博碩士班
101
Distributed generation system has developed rapidly in recent years, Renewable energies, such as: solar, wind and fuel cell, are the primary power sources for the distributed generation system. However, solar power and wind power are the intermittent energy sources. The output power of the intermittent energy sources will be affected due to the changes of climate and time. In order to utilize renewable energy effectively and improve the penetration of renewable energy, the energy storage system is required. The purpose of this study is to develop a battery energy storage system using an isolated bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter to control power flow. In addition, a hybrid DC switch consists of electromagnetic contactor and power electronic switch is proposed which connects between the isolated bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter and the battery pack. The function of the hybrid DC switch is to cut off or connect the battery pack with the isolated bidirectional full-bridge DC-DC converter. In this study, the author use a digital signal processor as the core control system, thus, the system is able to control the power flow flexibly in discharge/charge mode, and making the DC bus to reach power balance.

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35

Lee, Kun-Ying, and 李昆穎. "Bidirectional Softly Switched DC-to-DC Converter with Galvanic Isolation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d33zye.

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碩士
國立東華大學
電機工程學系
102
In recent years, the boom growth on electric vehicles led to the development of the batteries and also bidirectional converter. In order to increase the efficiency of the DC-DC power converters, the active switches, such as IGBTs, are required to reduce switching power consumption. In this thesis, the proposed circuit is a normal current-fed full bridge converter, an auxiliary inductor added to series-connected with the transformer’s leakage inductance helps to reach zero-current-switching in step-up mode and zero-voltage-switching in step-down mode. Above soft switching still need to control the output side of the switches will mapped output voltage to the auxiliary inductor reaches soft switching. Broadly speaking, when this proposed circuit at different conversion mode, the secondary-side switches replaced with diodes achieve synchronous rectifier to improve efficiency and reduce conduction loss. The use of alternating control to switch on the primary side switch to determine the duty cycle of the converter is current commutation time. In addition, the conventional converters are controlled duty cycle adjust the output voltage, another important part of this paper is to control the switching frequency to adjust the output voltage, which is a big difference with conventional converters. The results are provided. The test results have a good agreement with theoretical waveform and successful control strategy is to be expected. When Power 1000 watts, step-up conversion efficiency up to 95% and the step-down conversion efficiency up to 94%, or more experiments using IGBT as switching components.

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36

Hao-TangChang and 張皓棠. "Design and Implementation of Bidirectional DC-DC CLLLC Resonant Converter." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5944qk.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系
105
An isolated bidirectional resonant converter with digital control for the energy transferring between the DC bus and the battery of the electric vehicle is designed and implemented in this thesis. The main circuit topology consists of full-bridge structures and a CLLLC resonant tank. Due to the symmetrical circuit characteristics of bidirectional power flow, the circuit control can be simplified. This converter can also achieve soft switching for reducing the switching loss to further improve the system efficiency. In this thesis, the operating principles of the bidirectional resonant converter are analyzed first, and the steady-state equivalent models and the voltage-gain curves are also derived. Moreover, the design criteria of the key parameters are discussed. Finally, a laboratory prototype with rated power 5 kW, DC bus voltage 400 V and battery voltage 200~410 V is implemented with the DSP TMS320F28035 for energy conversion control to validate the theoretical analysis. The maximum conversion efficiency in the charging stage is 96.9%, and the maximum conversion efficiency in the discharging stage is 97.2%.

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37

SUNG, KUAN-YI, and 宋冠毅. "Bidirectional DC-to-DC Converter With Wide-Voltage-Gain Range." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/af34qy.

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碩士
國立高雄科技大學
電機工程系
107
A bidirectional DC-to-DC converter with wide voltage gain range is proposed in this thesis. It is mainly applied to the power conversion between battery cells and DC bus in electric vehicles, which can reduce the loss of battery life. In the aspect of converter, the non-isolation structure is adopted to reduce the loss caused by leakage inductance, and has a higher gain in boost mode and buck mode. The voltage stress on the switch only needs about half of the voltage on the high voltage side. The switch with better conduction characteristics can be used in the switch selection and it only need three switches to achieve a two-way effect. The common grounding on both the input and output sides can avoid to the dv/dt problem. The converter employs a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, which has good steady state and dynamic response, and has the function of over-current protection in boost or buck mode. The experimental results are based on the low voltage side voltage and power of 48V and 200W respectively, and the high voltage side voltage and power of 240V and 200W respectively. Finally, Pspice simulation is used to verify the feasibility of the proposed converter. In addition, the implementation of the bidirectional converter is used to test the reliability of the proposed converter.

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38

Yang, Yu-Chang, and 楊育璋. "Three-Port Isolated Full-Bridge Bidirectional DC-to-DC Converter." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41849037729000621373.

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碩士
南臺科技大學
電機工程系
105
The three-port isolated full-bridge bidirectional DC-to-DC converter has three different energy ports, with flexible power transmission, electrical isolation and high power density. So this converter is suitable for micro-grid and renewable energy systems to connect different energy and load. This paper proposes a Three-port isolated full-bridge bidirectional DC-to-DC converter to integrate renewable energy, energy storage systems and supply energy to the load, which can greatly reduce the impact of intermittent effects by integrating renewable energy and energy storage systems. It can also improve the reliability and utilization of the entire system. In addition, the integration of energy storage systems into renewable energy can solve the problem of slow response due to renewable energy, and can provide additional energy required for the load or absorb energy, thus greatly improving the overall system dynamics. Finally, the experimental results of the total power 500W of the three-port isolated full-bridge bidirectional DC-to-DC converter show that the proposed converter is feasible in practical application.

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39

Huang, Da-wei, and 黃大維. "Study and Implementation of a Bidirectional DC-DC Converter Module." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37722508243101351865.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
102
This thesis aims to study and develop a bidirectional DC-DC charger/discharger converter module for battery charger/discharger systems. This module can charge/discharge two battery stacks in series, and the digital controller is used to realize charging/discharging strategy. The prototype circuit consists of two-stage bidirectional DC-DC converters. Both of the two-stage circuits are implemented by adopting bidirectional buck/boost converter. Operating principles and design considerations are discussed in detail. System stability of the two-stage converters is also analyzed. A 1.3-kW prototype converter module was implemented and tested. The ratings at low-voltage side are 6.5 V/?b100 A. Fast dynamic response and high efficiency can be achieved.

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40

Min-TsungHsiao and 蕭閔聰. "Study and Implementation of a Novel Bidirectional DC-DC Converter." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10787424070991294340.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
98
In this thesis, a novel bidirectional DC-DC converter is proposed. The proposed bidirectional converter with high voltage ratio is used to transfer energy between battery and DC bus. When the converter is operated in the discharging mode, two inductors are charged in parallel and discharged in series to step up battery voltage to DC bus voltage. Conversely, the converter is operated in the charging mode, two inductors are charged in series and discharged in parallel to step down DC bus voltage to battery voltage. The operating principles and steady-state characteristics of this converter are discussed and analyzed. Finally, a laboratory prototype with battery voltage 24 V, DC bus voltage 200 V, discharging mode power 500 W, and charging mode power 264 W is implemented to verify the performance of the proposed converter. The efficiencies under discharging mode and charging mode are 85.5% and 89%, respectively.

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41

Chen, Chin-Lin, and 陳志霖. "Study and Implementation of DC-DC Bidirectional Converter with Synchronous Rectification." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05434701480542559003.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
98
The objective of this thesis is to design and implement a PWM zero- voltage-switching bidirectional converter. The bidirectional converter employs a buck and boost topology with synchronous rectification. In this thesis, the bidirectional converter control strategy of bidirectional operates at two operation modes: Buck mode (charge battery)、Boost mode (discharge battery).Because the bidirectional converter has different operation modes, so need to design two feedback loop compensators for each mode. Small-signal models have been used extensively in many DC converters. In this thesis, SIMPLIS and Mathcad are used to implement the simulation instead of counting on analytical model. Finally, a 24W prototype converter is built to verify the theoretical analysis and control strategies.

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42

Wu, Guo-Wei, and 吳國瑋. "Analysis and implementation of new bidirectional DC-DC converter for battery." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12674531493294543948.

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碩士
遠東科技大學
電機工程研究所
100
In this thesis, a bidirectional DC-DC converter is proposed. The proposed converter is used to transfer the energy between the battery and DC bus. This converter can be operated in wide voltage conversion range than the conventional bidirectional DC-DC boost/buck converter. The circuit topology of this converter is very simple. The pulse width modulation control strategy is used to control the active switches. Moreover the synchronous rectification technology is used to reduce the losses. When this converter is operated in the charging mode, the battery is charged from the DC bus; When the converter is operated in the discharging mode, the energy of the battery is released to the DC bus. The operating principle and steady-state analysis are discussed in detail. Finally, a laboratory prototype circuits with battery voltage 24 V, DC-bus voltage 200 V, output power 200 W is implemented to verify the performance of the proposed converter.

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43

Zhang, Fu-Xiang, and 張富翔. "Design and Implementation of a New Isolated Bidirectional DC - DC Converter." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kg749n.

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碩士
遠東科技大學
電機工程研究所
101
This thesis proposes a new isolated bidirectional DC - DC Converter. This converter can be used to transfer the energy between a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side. At the step-up mode, when this switch is turned on, the energy of the low-voltage side is transferred to the inductor. When the switch is turned off, the energy stored in the inductor via the transformer is released to the high-voltage side. At the step-down mode, when this switch is turned on, the energy of the high-voltage side via the transformer is transferred to the inductor. When the switch is turned off, the energy stored in the inductor is released to the low-voltage side. The converter uses a simple pulse width modulation technique.The operating principle and steady-state analysis are discussed in detail. Finally, a laboratory prototype with low-voltage side 48 V, high-voltage side 200 V, output power 150 W is implemented to verify the performance of the proposed converter.

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44

Huang, Shih-Ming, and 黃士銘. "Design and Implementation of a High-Efficiency Bidirectional DC-DC Converter." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9fjgv3.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
102
This thesis studies the design and implementation of a non-isolated dual-half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter. Using the presented topology, high efficiency can be achieved under wide-range load variations by the zero-voltage-switching features and phase-shift control method. In this thesis, dsPIC33FJ16GS502 digital signal controller (DSC) is utilized to implement the digital controller of the bidirectional DC-DC converter. According to the experimental results, a light-load efficiency over 92 % and a full-load efficiency over 97% can be achieved.

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45

Hsu, Kai-Cheng, and 許凱程. "Three Ports Bidirectional DC/DC Converter with Three-Winding Coupled Inductor." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75faj6.

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碩士
國立高雄科技大學
電子工程系
107
This thesis proposes a three-port bidirectional converter with three-winding coupled inductor applied to a Photovoltaic (PV) system, which is to step-up the PV system output to a DC bus or DC load while charging the battery. When the PV output is insufficient, battery voltage will be stepped up to the DC bus, and when the DC bus has excess energy, it will be stepped down to charge the battery. Thus, a three-port bidirectional high step-up / step-down converter is achieved. In this thesis, a three-winding common core coupled inductor is designed and adopted in the proposed converter, and the full-wave doubler circuit is used on the high voltage side to achieve the high step-up effect. Power switches and diodes in the circuit are shared to achieve the bidirectional operation. The output capacitors recover the secondary side leakage inductance energy in the step-up mode, and the third winding can be used to recover the primary side leakage inductance energy to reduce the voltage spike on the switch, so that the converter can improve the conversion efficiency. Finally, this paper implements a 500W three-port bidirectional converter to verify the feasibility and practicability of the proposed topology. According to the measurement results, the highest efficiency of the PV step-up mode is 95.3%, and the highest efficiency of the battery step-up mode is 94.1%, while the highest efficiency of the step-down mode is 94.8%.

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46

Lin, Yong-Kai, and 林詠凱. "Design and Implementation of a High Efficiency Bidirectional DC/DC Converter." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bjpfvb.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系所
94
The objective of this thesis is to design and implement a high efficiency bidirectional DC/DC converter for fuel cell systems, which converts the energy from battery (or load) to fuel cell and visa versa. When the converter operates in buck mode, the power is provided by battery with constant voltage. In contrast, when the converter operates in boost mode, the battery is charged by fuel cells or regenerative energy of load with constant current. The details of the specification include: Power rating = 1.5 kW Voltage rating =24V/45V First, the operation principle of bidirectional DC/DC converter is described. Then, the designed bidirectional DC/DC converter is verified by SIMULINK and the converter is realized. Moreover, the implemented bidirectional DC/DC converter controlled by dSPACE is verified by experimental results. Experimental results confirm that the energy can be converted in two directions by the implemented bidirectional DC/DC converter and the efficiency is over than 90%.

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47

Zhuang, Kai-Pin, and 莊凱斌. "Design of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter and Active Current Sensing Circuit." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3z49ng.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
電腦與通訊研究所
95
The main theme of this thesis is to present a Bidirectional DC-DC converter provided two functional options of buck and boost converters based upon mode selection and changed external component connection method which is used by the same power mos. This converter proposed in thesis is to adopt the current control model and technology of hysteresis current comparator. By utilizing active current sensing circuit, this control method includes significant of the inductor current and providing fast transient response. Meanwhile, power mos will be used to replace the switch to enhance power efficiency. The chip consists of a power mos, mode select circuit, driving circuit, and two series of controller circuit. The controller consists to the active current sensing circuit, sample and hold circuit, hysteresis current comparator, voltage to current converter, error amplifier and non-overlap circuit. The chip is implemented with TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS processes. In the buck mode, the specifications of the designed converter include: input voltage equal to 3V-5V, output voltage equal to 0.3V-3V, maximum load current up to 350mA and a maximum efficiency of 92%. In the boost mode, the specifications of the designed converter include: input voltage equal to 1.8V-3V, output voltage equal to 2.1V-4V, maximum load current up to 200mA and a maximum efficiency of 88%. The experimental results verify the design and implementation.

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48

Huang, Te-Yu, and 黃得祐. "Design of Isolated Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for Energy Storage System." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y7ga8x.

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碩士
國立中央大學
電機工程學系
107
Due to the instability of renewable energy, this thesis designs an isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter with adjustable power. It proposes on control the energy flow between DC bus and energy storage system. With this design of converter, the electrical energy can be bidirectionally flow to supplement the power required by the electrical system and improve the energy efficiency. The electric circuit of this paper is phase-shifted full-bridge/push-pull bidirectional circuit. Pulse phase modulation is used to achieve zero-voltage switching. The digital control uses the RX62T microcontroller which is produced by Renesas, it can perform analog-to-digital convertor, switching signal control and circuit protection mechanisms. When the system power is replenished, the converter will operate in the buck mode to charge the battery of energy storage system; otherwise, the converter will operate in the boost mode to discharge the battery of energy storage system to supply the system. Finally, this paper uses the circuit simulation software to verify system architecture and produces an isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter with soft switching. It confirms the feasibility of this architecture by the results.

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49

Zheng, Li-Ren, and 鄭力仁. "Design and Implementation of a Bidirectional Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41810993725827533220.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
103
In this thesis, a digitally-controlled non-isolated bidirectional buck– boost dc–dc converter is studied and implemented. The proposed converter is capable of operating in all power conditions in buck/boost modes. Through a novel modulation strategy and proper design of the buck-boost inductance, zero voltage switching (ZVS) can be achieved and thus high efficiency can be obtained. To further improve the efficiency, an adaptive phase-shift control method which determines the phase shift between gating signals according to the load level is also proposced. A low cost digital signal controller dsPIC33FJ16GS502 is adopted in this thesis to realize the power flow control, DC-bus voltage regulation and adaptive phase shift control. As the modulation strategy is a software-based solution, there are no requirement of additional circuits; therefore, it can be easily implemented and reduces instability and noise susceptibility problems. To validate the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 300 W prototyping circuit is implemented and tested. According to the experimental results, the measured efficiencies of all operating modes under different loads are all higher than 90%.

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50

Hong-WeiDeng and 鄧弘緯. "DSP Controlled AC-DC Bidirectional Power Converter." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55249315633117041500.

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