Tesis sobre el tema "Déficits mnésiques"
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Schmaltz, Gérard. "Protéines et mémoire : déficits mnésiques induits par l'administration d'un inhibiteur de la synthèse protéique". Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10103.
Texto completoStéphan, Aline. "Mécanismes cellulaires des déficits mnésiques associés à la pathologie amyloi͏̈de dans l'hippocampe et au vieillissement". Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112238.
Texto completoDuring this work I was interested by the deterioration functional induce by the formation of amyloid plaque, one of neuropathologicals marker of Alzheimer's disease, and at the mechanism with origine of deterioration in aged animals of the expression of potentiation long-term (LTP), the model of plasticity synaptic the more study for its implication in the mnemonic process. The combinated microinjection of two form of peptide β-amyloid, of 40 and 43 amino acid in the dorsal hippocampus of rat, have allow to induced some amyloid deposit very stable in an aggregated configuration, some deficit specific on working memory during the acquisition in spatial task and a deterioration of the LTP expression. With this model of one aspect of pathology, I have then studied the intermediate role of the inflammation on the functional deteriorations induced by β-amyloi͏̈de, from the used of a chronic no asteroidean anti-inflammatory treatment. We have observed rescue of this functional alterations as well on the level of the mnemic performances as in the level of synaptic plasticity, suggesting as the inflammation induced by the amyloid pathology represents a significant mediator of these synaptic deteriorations. The second study, enabled us to show a dysregulation of the expression of four genes coding of proteins, implied in various processes of the late phases of the LTP: l'αCaMKII in the conversion of the short-term potentiation towards a long-term potentiation, the syntaxine 1B in the transynaptic propagation of the LTP, like the APP and the α-synucléine whose specific roles in plasticity still remain to establish. The general alteration of genic expression that we could observe for these genes suggests that ageing is associated with altérations of mechanisms of genic regulation which underlie synaptic plasticity. These deteriorations of the fast genic regulation could thus be one origin for the memory deficits associated with ageing
Tomadesso, Clemence. "Stade prodromal de la maladie d'Alzheimer : nature des déficits mnésiques et liens avec les biomarqueurs d'imagerie". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC041.
Texto completoThe complementarity of neuroimaging and neuropsychological tools allows to better understand the complex links between the clinical syndrome and the neuropathological lesions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The objectives of this thesis were to better characterize the nature of memory deficits at the prodromal stage of AD and their links with imaging biomarkers. First, we studied the alterations and the cognitive and brain substrates of recent versus remote autobiographical memories in prodromal AD. Our results reveal that there is an earlier alteration of recent memories and of their cognitive and brain substrates. Secondly, we were interested in quantitative and qualitative differences between amyloid positive and negative patients on cognitive (focusing on episodic memory) and brain structural and functional measures. We demonstrated that the presence of amyloid in the brain of patients at the prodromal stage is associated with a specific cognitive profile including greater episodic memory deficits (global score, autobiographical memory, and primacy effect), more than to a specific profile of brain alteration. Then, we evaluated the changes in normal and pathological aging (AD) in the plasma concentration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA; a molecule implicated in memory neurodegeneration, inflammation and amyloid degradation processes) and their impact on brain integrity. We showned that tPA plasma concentration was increased with age, with a negative effect on brain structure, while it was not affected by AD. Overall, this thesis highlights that a detailed neuropsychological evaluation particularly in episodic memory could reflect specific AD-related brain alterations in the prodromal stage, more efficiently than classical imaging biomarkers
Wendling, Anne-Sophie. "Les déficits mnésiques et émotionnels de l'épilepsie temporomésiale avec sclérose hippocampique sont-ils liés à l'étendue de la résection chirurgicale ?" Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00801729.
Texto completoNivet, Emmanuel. "Potentiel thérapeutique des cellules souches adultes de la Lamina Propria olfactive humaine : caractérisation et évaluations dans des modèles de déficits mnésiques". Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX11058.
Texto completoMorisot, Nadège. "La délétion génétique du récepteur corticotropin-releasing factor de type 2 réduit les déficits mnésiques et sociaux induits par la cocaïne". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR15220.
Texto completoStimulant-related disorders are characterized by emotional-like, cognitive and social dysfunction that may contribute to the maintenance of the disease. In addition, stimulant use and withdrawal may alter brain stress systems. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system is a major stress coordinator hypothesized to contribute to substance-related disorders. CRF signalling is mediated by two receptor types, named CRF1 and CRF2. The specific role of each of the CRF receptors in negative affective-like, cognitive and social dysfunction associated with stimulant administration and withdrawal remains largely unknown. The present study demonstrates that the CRF1 receptor-deficiency increases the anxiety-like behaviour induced by intermittent administration of escalating doses of cocaine (5-20 mg/kg, i.p.), as assessed by the elevated plus maze. In addition, the same cocaine regimen induces novel object recognition (NOR) and sociability deficits, which are unaffected by CRF2 receptor-deficiency. However, CRF2 receptor-deficiency effectively shortens the duration of the NOR and sociability deficit induced by cocaine withdrawal. Furthermore, following the apparent recovery of NOR and sociability performances during relative long-term (42 days) cocaine withdrawal, CRF2 receptor-deficiency eliminates the stress-induced re-emergence of NOR and sociability deficit. Stressed cocaine-withdrawn mice show a genotype-independent higher c-fos mRNA expression in the perirhinal cortex, a brain region mediating NOR performance, than stressed drug-naïve mice. However, neither genotype nor drug withdrawal affects the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the ventral tegmentale area and the locus coeruleus, CRF in the amygdala and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and dynorphin in the nucleus accumbens shell. The latter results suggest that stress vulnerability during long-term cocaine withdrawal is not due to alterations in stress-coping mechanisms. The present study provides initial evidence of a critical role for the CRF system in cognitive and sociability deficits and vulnerability induced by stimulant administration and withdrawal, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for substance-related disorders
Chavant, François. "Inhibition pharmacologique du TNF-alfa dans des modèles expérimentaux de la maladie d'Alzheimer : prévention des déficits mnésiques et de la neurotoxicité amyloïde". Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT1801.
Texto completoBourel, Julien. "Rôle de la protéine C3 du système du complément dans les déficits mnésiques précoces sur un modèle expérimental de sclérose en plaques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0370.
Texto completoMemory impairment is one of the disabling manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) that could be present from the early stage of the disease. Hippocampal synaptic dysfunction and dendritic loss in association with microglia activation have been suggested in previous work done in our laboratory as the substrate for memory deficit. However the main molecular mechanistic pathways driving such hippocampal neurodegeneration are still to elucidate.In this study, we first tested the expression of genes involved in microglia-neuron interactions within the dentate gyrus of early-stage experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. We found a selective overexpression of genes involved in the complement pathway. Compared to control CFA-mice, the central complement component C3 showed the strongest upregulation by a factor of 10, which was confirmed by quantification of C3 protein, while there was no increase of downstream components such as the terminal component C5. In situ hybridization coupled with immunofluorescence showed that C3 transcripts were mainly originating from activated microglial cells.Secondly, we used two different approaches to inhibit C3 complement component. Pharmacological inhibition of C3 by daily administration of rosmarinic acid (RMA) in EAE mice was sufficient to prevent early dentate gyrus dendritic loss, microglial phagocytosis of synapses and early memory impairment, while microglia activation was still present. Similarly, dentate gyrus dendrites and spines were protected when EAE was induced in C3 deficient mice (C3KO) which translated into preserved memory performances.Altogether this PhD work highlights a central role of C3 in early hippocampal neurodegeneration and memory impairment in EAE. These results pave the way toward new neuroprotective strategies in MS to prevent cognitive deficit, with microglial inhibitor such as RMA
Rocher, Anne-Bérengère. "Vers une meilleure compréhension des altérations synaptiques cérébrales observées dans les maladies neurodégénératives : relations avec l'hypométabolisme du glucose et avec les déficits mnésiques". Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2031.
Texto completoOfferlin, Isabelle. "Handicap psychique et schizophrénie : évaluation et remédiation cognitives des troubles mnésiques impliqués dans les difficultés de la vie quotidienne et/ou professionnelle des patients". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811940.
Texto completoBen, Abdallah Ines. "Sex dimorphism in early Alzheimer’s pathology : brain connectivity with MRI and behavioral analysis in a mouse humanized for APP and MAPT genes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025STRAJ008.
Texto completoAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness, with a long preclinical phase marked by subtle pathological changes occurring before the onset of overt symptoms. Women are disproportionately affected, more rapid cognitive decline, greater hippocampal atrophy and more extensive Tau pathology than men. This thesis investigates sex dimorphism in preclinical AD using the AppNL-F/MAPT double knock-in (dKI) mouse model. Behavioral assessments revealed that female dKI mice exhibit memory deficits in object-in-place and long- term recognition tasks as early as 2 months, whereas male dKI mice showed similar impairments only by 4 months. Functional imaging highlighted sex-specific alterations in default mode network connectivity: females exhibited hyperconnectivity in retrosplenial and entorhinal regions, while males showed hypoconnectivity in hippocampal-prefrontal and retrosplenial pathways, reflecting distinct network vulnerabilities. These findings advance our understanding of the sex-specific mechanisms underlying AD onset and offers insights that could guide the development of early diagnostic tools
Mingaud, Frédérique. "Supplémentation nutritionnelle en vitamine A : effets sur les déficits fonctionnels hippocampiques et le déclin mnésique liés à l'âge". Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13404.
Texto completoMartin, Flavie. "Reconnaître des visages sans familiarité ? : utilisation des rocs pour l'étude de la nature du déficit mnésique chez les patients schizophrènes". Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/martin_f.
Texto completoThe main goal of this work was to analyze, the memory deficits in patients with schizophrenia on episodic face recognition tasks. In particular, the purpose of these two studies was to investigate the effects of two different encoding depths, deep and shallow, and of two different perceptual contexts, intrinsic and extrinsic, on familiarity and recollection, two subprocesses assumed to be involved in face recognition. The data obtained suggest that schizophrenic patients are impaired compared to controls and that experimental factors do not play the same role in the two groups. But what differs the most between the two groups is their use of familiarity and recollection for performing face recognition. Schizophrenic patients differ from controls on many points : 1) in face recognition, patients strongly based their responses on recollection, less on familiarity, unlike the controls ; 2) the difference in memory processing between patients and controls decreased in context recognition under difficult conditions for recollection but still exists for familiarity. It can thus be concluded that the fundamental memory impairment of patients with schizophrenia in episodic recognition lies in the construction, emergence, and/or utilization of the "feeling" of familiarity, rather than in recollection
Macri, Anthony. "Efficacité mnésique et mécanisme d'intégration : applications chez l'adulte jeune et dans le vieillissement normal". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2102/document.
Texto completoWe tend to always underestimate our memory. We blame it for its mishaps but never praise it for its successes. Nonetheless, one must admit that memory has its flaws and its capacities, mostly regarding recollections, weaken with time and age. In the grounded cognition framework, memory is not just a tool to access our past. Memory is mainly turned towards the present and it helps us adapt to each moment of our daily lives thanks to the accumulation of the experiences we live and that become references. Memory is made up of sensori-motor traces of these experiences (Versace, Labeye, Badard, & Rose, 2009) and its effectiveness is thus defined by the potential of a situation to reactivate the properties stored in memory and that are relevant for the present situation. Knowledge emerges the reactivation from but the effectiveness of the reactivation depends mostly on the link between the different properties of an event at the moment of their encoding in memory. Within Act-in, a multiple-traces functional memory model (Versace et al., 2014), the formation of this link rests upon the integration mechanism.Several factors, such as performing an action or experiencing an emotion, are known to influence on memory effectiveness. However, this influence has only be rarely investigated in a grounded approach of memory. We formulated the hypothesis that the influence of these factors on memory reflects their impact on the integration mechanism. The first objective of this thesis was to assess if action and emotion were able to improve integration. This mechanism operates on different levels of association between the properties of an event: integration of the properties of an item and integration of the item to its context; the work reported in the present document aimed to identify a clear pattern regarding the effects of action and emotion on these different levels.Finally, we support the hypothesis formulated by several authors (e.g. Benjamin, 2000) according to which the memory difficulties encountered in normal aging are caused by a deficit in the formation of associations between the different elements of an event in memory. The associative deficit can be translated in terms of an integration deficit and our last objective was then to assess if action and emotion, through their influence on integration, could reduce the memory deficits observed in older adults. To test these hypotheses, we used a paradigm designed to evaluate the performances on the different levels of integration in one individual manipulating at the same time the actions performed by the participants at encoding or the emotional valence of the material both in young and older adults
Soualeh, Nidhal. "Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288/document.
Texto completoSeveral lines of evidence indicate that early-life inflammation may predispose to mental illness in later-life. In our study, we investigated the impact of perinatal exposure to polluted eels on the brain and microglia inflammation in a lifespan approach as well as on the resignation behavior, the locomotor activity and the cognitive performances in the later life of male and female offspring mice. The effects of maternal standard diet (laboratory food) were compared to the same diet enriched with low, intermediate, or highly polluted eels. Our results showed a chronic brain inflammation in male and female offspring mice compared to controls, as assessed at the birth, up weaning, adulthood and middle-age. Activated microglia produced pro-inflammatory markers across the lifespan of male as well as female exposed offspring. The plasmatic level of myeloperoxidase was found to be significantly higher in both adult and middle-aged males and females vs. control offspring. However, high corticosterone levels were only found in adult male offspring mice perinatally exposed to polluted eels, suggesting a sex-selective dysregulation of the adult hypothalamic- pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. Sex selective differences were also found in adulthood, with regard to the offspring resignation behavior. Indeed, depressive-like symptoms were only found in adult male mice perinatally exposed to polluted eels. On the middle- age, sexe selective effects were found with regard to memory and locomotor activity. Indeed, hyperactive phenotype was only detected in females. In addition, impaired long-term memory was only detected in middle-aged females, perinatally exposed to either intermediately or highly polluted eels. This deficit was related to decreases in ERK1/2 and p65 activation, and acetylcholine levels that were only detected in female hippocampus exposed to either intermediately or highly polluted eels. In conclusion, our results indicated that early-life inflammatory insults were the plausible causative factor that programmed the behavior impairments and cognitive deficit in the later-life of offspring, and suggested that sex played an important role in the determination of nature of the appeared alterations
Besson, Gabriel. "Approche temporelle de la mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle et atteinte au stade prodromal de la maladie d'Alzheimer". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858502.
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