Bibliografías temáticas / Diesel Oxidation Catalysts

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 2 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts":

Russell, April y William S. Epling. "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". Catalysis Reviews 53, n.º 4 (octubre de 2011): 337–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01614940.2011.596429.

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Farrauto, Robert J. y Kenneth E. Voss. "Monolithic diesel oxidation catalysts". Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 10, n.º 1-3 (septiembre de 1996): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-3373(96)00022-7.

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Wang, Liang, Chun Hu Li y Ying Fei Hou. "Phosphotungstic Acid/Semi-Coke Catalysts for Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel". Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (agosto de 2009): 1683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1683.

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This work presents the results obtained in the development of phosphotungstic acid/semi-coke catalysts in the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process of diesel oil using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. Phosphotungstic acid /semi-coke (60wt%) prepared by impregnation. These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), The effect of the amount of catalyst used , on the efficiency of desulfurization was investigated. In addtion. the diesel after oxidation and extraction was analyzed by GC-FPD for sulfur content. The chromatograph shows that virtually all the sulfur containing compounds in diesel were removed.

Mishra, Anupama y Ram Prasad. "Synthesis and Performance of Transition Metal Based Perovskite Catalysts for Diesel Soot Oxidation". Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 12, n.º 3 (28 de octubre de 2017): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.3.968.469-477.

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In present investigation, the effect of the intrinsic factors including the structure, nature of B-site ions in the four systems LaCoO3, LaNiO3, LaFeO3 and LaZnOy perovskite-type oxide catalysts, and the external factors of catalyst-soot contacting model, and the operating parameters such as air flow rate and temperature on the catalytic performances for the combustion of diesel soot were reported. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and N2-sorption. Activity of the catalyst for soot oxidation was evaluated on the basis of light off temperature characteristics Ti, T50 and T100. LaCoO3, LaFeO3 and LaNiO3 samples possessed the perovskite structure, and gave high activities for the total oxidation of soot below 445 oC. Whereas, LaZnOy catalyst was not indicating the ABO3 perovskite structure and existed as a mixture of metal oxides. The activity order in decreasing sequence of the catalyst was as follows: LaCoO3>LaFeO3>LaNiO3>LaZnOy. SEM pictures of the perovskite samples showed that the particles sizes were close to 100 nm. Copyright © 2017 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 2nd March 2017; Revised: 16th June 2017; Accepted: 12nd July 2017; Available online: 27th October 2017; Published regularly: December 2017How to Cite: Mishra, A., Prasad, R. (2017). Synthesis and Performance of Transition Metal Based Perovskite Catalysts for Diesel Soot Oxidation. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (3): 469-477 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.3.968.469-477)

Schröder, Jörg, Franziska Hartmann, Robert Eschrich, Denis Worch, Jürgen Böhm, Roger Gläser y Franziska Müller-Langer. "Accelerated performance and durability test of the exhaust aftertreatment system by contaminated biodiesel". International Journal of Engine Research 18, n.º 10 (3 de abril de 2017): 1067–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417700762.

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The consumption of fossil and especially alternative fuels from renewable sources is supposed to rise in the future. Biofuels as well as fossil fuels often contain alkali and alkaline earth metal impurities that are potential poisons for automotive exhaust catalysts. The impact of these contaminations on the long-time performance of the exhaust aftertreatment system is a major concern. However, engine test bench studies consume considerable amounts of fuel, manpower and time. The purpose of this research project was to examine whether accelerated engine tests can be achieved by a modified diesel aftertreatment system in a test bench and contamination of biodiesel with known amounts of elements potentially poisoning automotive catalysts. A variety of potentially harmful elements (sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) and phosphorous (P)) were added all at once to enhance the contamination level in biodiesel. A diesel oxidation catalyst and a catalyst for selective catalytic reduction reaction were placed in a stream of exhaust gas generated with a single cylinder engine. For reference purposes, a second test series was performed with a commercially available biodiesel. Catalysts were analyzed post-mortem using a bench flow reactor and X-ray fluorescence regarding their activity and deposition of the harmful elements. For both diesel oxidation catalyst and selective catalytic reduction catalysts, significant deactivation and decrease in conversion rates could be proven. For diesel oxidation catalyst, linear correlations between mass fractions of added elements and aging time were observed.

Paulson, Tom, Bethanie Moss, Brandon Todd, Colleen Eckstein, Brent Wise, Denny Singleton, Svetlana Zemskova y Ron Silver. "New Developments in Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles 1, n.º 1 (7 de octubre de 2008): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-2638.

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Morlang, A., U. Neuhausen, K. V. Klementiev, F. W. Schütze, G. Miehe, H. Fuess y E. S. Lox. "Bimetallic Pt/Pd diesel oxidation catalysts". Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 60, n.º 3-4 (octubre de 2005): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2005.03.007.

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Friese, Kevin, Peter Eilts y Bernhard Lüers. "Deposit Formation on Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". MTZ worldwide 81, n.º 4 (13 de marzo de 2020): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-020-0202-1.

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Schütz, Jochen, Heike Störmer, Patrick Lott y Olaf Deutschmann. "Effects of Hydrothermal Aging on CO and NO Oxidation Activity over Monometallic and Bimetallic Pt-Pd Catalysts". Catalysts 11, n.º 3 (25 de febrero de 2021): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11030300.

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By combining scanning transmission electron microscopy, CO chemisorption, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with CO and NO oxidation light-off measurements we investigated deactivation phenomena of Pt/Al2O3, Pd/Al2O3, and Pt-Pd/Al2O3 model diesel oxidation catalysts during stepwise hydrothermal aging. Aging induces significant particle sintering that results in a decline of the catalytic activity for all catalyst formulations. While the initial aging step caused the most pronounced deactivation and sintering due to Ostwald ripening, the deactivation rates decline during further aging and the catalyst stabilizes at a low level of activity. Most importantly, we observed pronounced morphological changes for the bimetallic catalyst sample: hydrothermal aging at 750 °C causes a stepwise transformation of the Pt-Pd alloy via core-shell structures into inhomogeneous agglomerates of palladium and platinum. Our study shines a light on the aging behavior of noble metal catalysts under industrially relevant conditions and particularly underscores the highly complex transformation of bimetallic Pt-Pd diesel oxidation catalysts during hydrothermal treatment.

Akinlolu, Kayode, Bamgboye Omolara, Tripathi Shailendra, Akinsiku Abimbola y Ogunniran Kehinde. "Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of partially substituted La1−xBaxCoO3 (x ≥ 0.1 ≤ 0.4) nano catalysts for potential soot oxidation in diesel particulate filters in diesel engines". International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 11, n.º 1 (abril de 2020): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2020.00007.

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AbstractThe sol gel method was used in preparing a series of A site partially substituted La1−xBaxCoO3 (x ≥ 0.1 ≤ 0.4) perovskite catalysts coded LBC1, 2, 3, and 4 and their potential as catalysts for soot oxidation were evaluated. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICPAES), Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTG), X-ray analysis (XRD) were used in characterizing the prepared perovskite catalyst. The result shows that at (x≥ 0.2 ≤ 0.4), there was an increase in surface area when we compare it with that of x = 0. The increase in surface area helps in increasing the catalytic performance of the catalyst. Also, when evaluating the catalytic performance of the synthesized catalysts, it was observed that doping the perovskite catalysts helped in the general improvement of the catalytic performance for soot oxidation. The best performance in this research study with a T50 of 484 °C was observed at x = 0.2 catalyst (LBC2). This shows that the non-noble perovskite catalysts prepared in this research study has the potential to replace the noble metal based catalysts used presently in the diesel automotive industry.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts":

Vieitez, Calo Sara. "Diesel oxidation NOx adsorption catalysts". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/90838/.

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Worldwide usage of diesel engines has been rising rapidly and, accordingly, more stringent emission standards are introduced to lower the concentrations of diesel exhaust pollutants. NOx abatement is crucial, especially in diesel engines where controlling NOx is extremely difficult as oxygen is always in excess. The title and objective of this thesis arises from a novel approach, the diesel oxidation NOx adsorption catalyst (DONAC), where NOx is to be stored by a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC). Supported platinum catalysts are the most used technology for diesel oxidation catalysts. Hence, the investigation of the oxidation properties of supported platinum catalysts and particularly, how these properties are affected by the support material, is of great importance. This work addresses not only the effect of the support, platinum loading, preparation method, calcination conditions and platinum precursor, but also the effect of the titania phase composition (anatase or anatase-rutile). A series of supported platinum catalysts including Pt/TiO2, Pt/SiO2, Pt/Al2O3, Pt/TiO2-SiO2 and Pt/SiO2-Al2O3 were prepared by non-aqueous impregnation and chemical vapour impregnation. In order to determine the effect of the support on the structural and electronic properties of the supported platinum catalysts detailed characterisation including XRD, BET, CO chemisorption, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, TGA, DRIFTS, Raman, XPS, SEM, TEM and EDX was performed. Two relevant oxidation reactions, total oxidation of propane and oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide, were studied. It is found that the activity of supported platinum catalysts is greatly affected by the support material, in general, their performance is enhanced by addition of SiO2 to the TiO2 support. The activity of the platinum catalysts depends strongly on oxidation state, with platinum in metallic state being most active. However, it is not only the platinum oxidation state but a combination of several factors including metal dispersion, surface area, morphology and phase composition of the support that explains the variations in catalytic activity. Morphology and phase composition play an active role in the redox properties of the support and its interaction with supported metal particles. The high propane oxidation activity of Pt supported on anatase TiO2 is attributed to highly reactive oxygen species within the support. DeNOx technologies based on the concept of NOx storage have proven to be effective, however further studies are needed to succeed in finding an optimum NOx storage system. A series of metal (Cu, Fe and Pt) -exchanged zeolites with different compositions (SiO2/Al2O3 = 5.1 - 50) and frameworks (Y, ZSM-5 and BETA) were prepared by two different exchange methods (WIE and CVI). The DOE method was applied to investigate the way in which preparation experimental variables affect the NOx storage capacity of CuII/ZSM-5 (30). Evaluation of NOx storage capacity, in the presence or absence of O2, of metal-exchanged zeolites was carried out. In order to correlate the physicochemical properties of the metal-exchanged zeolites with their NOx storage performance, characterisation including XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, DRIFTS, UV-Vis DRS, XPS, TEM and EDX was performed. It is found that the NOx adsorption/desorption capacity and the stability of those adsorption species formed, is greatly affected by the nature of the exchanged metal and the structure and acidity of the zeolite support. Due to the intrinsic adsorption capacity of the parent zeolite, H+-ZSM-5(23), CuII/ZSM-5(23) catalysts prepared by WIE and CVI exhibit high NOx storage capacities. The initial redox state, Cu2+/Cu+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, and bonding strength of the metal ions to the framework affect the reducibility of metal species and consequently the storage capacity. The preparation method is found to be crucial in controlling metal loading, nature and distribution of active species and crystallites size. The statistical approach allowed for a significant enhancement in the storage capacity of CuII/ZSM-5(30) and, in particular, the amount of NOx desorbed at high temperature. Temperature is found to have the greatest effect on the NOx storage capacity. In addition, its influence is dependent on the copper precursor concentration. Among the zeolite based catalysts studied, potential candidates for application under real working conditions, those that exhibit greater NOx desorption at high temperatures (T > 200°C) were found.

Erwe, Karolin. "Selective Diesel Oxidation Catalysts for Hydrocarbons". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145857.

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Campbell, Steven Bruce. "Characterisation of bimetallic diesel oxidation catalysts". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=211242.

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With mobile emission limits worldwide becoming more stringent, catalysts have increased in complexity to achieve improved activities and selectivities. This has required catalysts to be characterised under more severe conditions e.g. after extended thermal treatments to simulate catalyst lifetime. Detailed characterisation may allow a deeper understanding of the interactions within these catalysts and lead to improvements in catalyst design. The characterisation of these and other sophisticated catalysts may be improved by the development of an advanced characterisation technique using quantitative infrared spectroscopy. Bimetallic PtPd diesel oxidation catalysts which had been subjected to contrasting ageing processes were characterised using a variety of methods to study the surface composition and structure. Through FTIR studies, differences have been shown in the surface structure between the catalysts and using a semi-quantitative methodology, surface compositions have been determined. In addition to FTIR studies, characterisation has been performed using temperature programmed methods and simple oxidation reactions with in-situ diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results show clear evidence for the interaction of the two metals and also improved activity compared with the monometallic analogues. Simple oxidation reactions showed no significant structure sensitivity in either the CO or C3H6 oxidation reactions, however the NO oxidation reaction was shown to be sensitive to the catalyst structure following reduction. While FTIR was used to characterise the catalysts, experiments were performed with the aim to develop a quantitative methodology for FTIR applied to supported Pd catalysts. Investigations have shown the key considerations and factors required to develop an accurate quantitative method for CO adsorption on supported metal catalysts. The results of the investigations show a new method that can be applied for quantitative IR spectroscopy and the degree of complexity of the system when determining the molar absorption coefficients from complex spectra.

Xie, Yiquan. "On the performance of oxidation catalysts and SCR catalysts in the presence of alkali compounds representative of biofuel contaminants : from the commercial catalysts to the active phase". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066494/document.

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En raison des de l’augmentation de la pollution à l’échelle mondial du notamment aux gaz d'échappement des automobiles, de nouvelles réglementations d'émissions ont été mises en place depuis les années 1990. Ces règlementations ont conduit à une évolution des carburants traditionnels vers les biocarburants et à des systèmes de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement, notamment pour les moteurs diesel, de plus en plus sophistiqués. Ils comprennent à ce jour une série d'unités catalytiques, contenant un filtre à particules, un catalyseur d’oxydation pour traiter le monoxyde de carbone et les hydrocarbures et enfin un catalyseur pour réduire les oxydes d’azote. Dans ce travail de thèse, deux de ces systèmes catalytiques industriels ont été étudiés, les catalyseurs à l'oxydation diesel (DOC) et les catalyseurs de réduction catalytique sélective (SCR). Une attention particulière est accordée à leur performance en présence de composés métaux alcalins. En effet, les alcalins sont présent dans les biocarburants et lorsque le biodiesel est utilisé comme carburant de remplacement, ils vont donc être présents dans les gaz d’échappement et à priori dans les systèmes de post-traitement
Due to global lean exhaust gas and new emission regulations, exhaust after-treatment systems of diesel engines are getting more and more sophisticated and comprise a series of catalytic units. In the present work, two of these catalytic systems were studied, Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOC) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts. Particular attention is paid to their performance in the presence of alkali compounds when bio-diesel is utilized as the alternative fuel.Firstly, this thesis focuses on the catalytic behavior of the Diesel Oxidation Catalyst using different aging characteristics of road mileage in order to improve the efficiency of an ammonia SCR system on an after-treatment line composed by a DOC + DPF + SCR. The studied catalyst is a commercial diesel oxidation catalyst (Pt/Pd/Al2O3) provided by Continental. Hydrothermal aging under different conditions on carrots of monolith were performed. Also studied in the monolith form over the commercial DOC, the influence of the addition of different alkali metal species (K and Na) on the commercial DOC through catalytic tests performed on this structured catalyst under multicomponent (C3H6 / CO / NO / NO2) co-feeding conditions was explored. Aiming at investigating the effects of the presence of different alkali metal species on the DOC at the level of active phase, homemade bimetallic DOC is prepared and then different alkali metal species incorporated. Finally, encouraged by the evident influence of alkali compounds on DOCs, their impacts on the downstream SCR catalysts are also studied in this thesis. The studied SCR catalyst is a commercial V2O5-based catalyst provided by UMICORE company

Caporali, Roberto. "Understanding the activity and the chemistry of Pd-based diesel oxidation catalysts". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669674.

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Several technologies offer a promising strategy for the exhaust after-treatment of diesel engines in which continuing to further thrift Pt/Pd alloy diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) by increasing Pd content, the prospect of an essentially Pt-free DOC catalyst is very attractive because Pd is cheaper than Pt. However, to determine the viability of this approach a much better understanding of PdO/AI20 3 chemistry and reactivity is needed. Therefore, the aim of this work is (1) to improve the catalytic performance of the Pd based ?iesel oxidation catalyst by using different preparation method and to investigate the effect of the thermal aging' on the catalyst activity towards CO and C3H6 oxidation. (2) clarify the effect of H20 and NO in the CO and C3H6 catalytic oxidation reactions in terms of reaction mechanism. (3) to investigate the catalyst deactivation induced by sulphur poisoning. It has been found that the structure, morphology and textures properties of the catalysts were significantly affected by both the preparation method and the thermal aging. In particular, the formation of highly catalytically active palladium nanoparticles showing a high density of defects and/or corners, have been observed when the sample was prepared by solution combustion synthesis and when thermal aging was carried out between 500 - 750 ·C. Regardless of the preparation method and the thermal aging, the presence of water in the reaction mixture resulted to promote the catalyst performances with the respect to CO oxidation which occurred via reaction with water derived species rather than dioxygen. Beside, water has also been found beneficial in modulating the NO, C3H6 and S02 inhibition. The formation of strongly bonded sulphate species on the catalyst surface along with the permanent loos of the structure and morphology properties of the catalyst, have been identified as the main cause of the catalyst deactivation induced by sulphur poisoning.

Kärkkäinen, M. L. (Marja-Liisa). "Deactivation of oxidation catalysts by sulphur and phosphorus in diesel and gas driven vehicles". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217239.

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Abstract The combustion of fuels in motor vehicles is one of the most significant causes of air emissions. The use of oxidation catalysts in exhaust gas emission treatment can reduce hydrocarbons (HCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by more than 90%. Fuels and engine lubricants contain impurities like sulphur (S) and phosphorus (P), which can have a significant effect on the activity and durability of oxidation catalysts. This thesis aims at increasing the current knowledge of the deactivation phenomena caused by sulphur and phosphorus in diesel and natural/bio gas oxidation catalysts. Accelerated laboratory scale sulphur, phosphorus and thermal treatments in gas-phase conditions were carried out for alumina (Al2O3) based platinum (Pt) and platinum-palladium (PtPd) metallic monolith diesel and natural gas oxidation catalysts. In addition, a vehicle-aged natural gas oxidation catalyst and an engine-bench-aged diesel oxidation catalyst were studied and used as a reference for the laboratory-scale-aged catalysts. BET-BJH, FESEM, TEM, XPS and DRIFT were used as characterization techniques to determine changes on the catalysts. The effect of accelerated deactivation treatments on the catalyst activity was determined using laboratory scale measurements in CO, HC and nitric oxide (NO) oxidation. Sulphur and phosphorus were found to cause morphological and chemical changes on the studied catalysts. Sulphur was found to be adsorbed vertically throughout the entire catalyst support from the catalyst surface to the metallic monolith, while phosphorus accumulated on the surface region of the precious metal containing catalysts. Both, sulphur and phosphorus, slightly increased the average size of the precious metal particles size and are adsorbed onto the alumina by chemical bonds. In addition, a partial transformation from PdO to Pd and a change in the shape of the precious metal particles due to phosphorus were detected. Due to the detected structural and chemical changes on the catalysts, sulphur and phosphorus treatments reduced the catalytic activity of the studied diesel and natural-gas-oxidation catalysts. Correspondence between real and simulated ageing was found and thus the used accelerated laboratory scale aging method can be stated to be a good tool to simulate sulphur and phosphorus exposure
Tiivistelmä Moottoriajoneuvot ovat merkittäviä ilmapäästöjen aiheuttajia. Hapetuskatalyyttejä käyttämällä hiilimonoksidi- ja hiilivetypäästöistä pystytään poistamaan yli 90 %. Polttoaineet ja voiteluaineet sisältävät epäpuhtauksia kuten rikkiä ja fosforia, jotka voivat merkittävästi heikentää hapetuskatalyyttien aktiivisuutta ja kestävyyttä. Väitöskirjan tavoitteena on tuottaa uutta tietoa rikin ja fosforin aiheuttamasta diesel- ja maakaasukatalyyttien deaktivoitumisesta. Metalliseen monoliittiin tuettuja alumiinioksidipohjaisia platina- ja palladiumkatalyytteja ikäytetiin tekemällä niille rikki-, fosfori- ja lämpökäsittelyjä. Maantieikäytettyä maakaasuhapetuskatalyyttiä ja moottoripenkki-ikäytettyä dieselhapetuskatalyyttiä käytettiin laboratorioikäytettyjen katalyyttien referensseinä. Ikäytyskäsittelyjen aiheuttamat muutokset analysoitiin BET-BJH-, FESEM-, TEM-, XPS- ja DRIFT-menetelmillä. Käsittelyjen vaikutus katalyyttien hiilimonoksidin, hiilivetyjen ja typenoksidien hapetusaktiivisuuteen tutkittiin laboratoriomittakaavan aktiivisuuslaitteella. Rikki ja fosfori aiheuttivat rakenteellisia ja kemiallisia muutoksia tutkittuihin katalyytteihin. Rikki adsorboitui koko tukiaineeseen (tukiaineen pinnalta pohjalle), kun taas fosfori adsorboitui vain pinnan alueelle. Sekä rikki että fosfori kasvattivat jalometallipartikkeleiden kokoa sekä muodostivat alumiinioksidin kanssa yhdisteitä. Lisäksi fosforikäsittelyjen havaittiin osittain pelkistävän PdO:n Pd:ksi ja muuttavan jalometallipartikkelien muotoa. Havaitut rikin ja fosforin aiheuttamat rakenteelliset sekä kemialliset muutokset laskivat diesel- ja maakaasukatalyyttien hapetusaktiivisuutta. Laboratorioikäytyksillä havaittiin olevan hyvä korrelaatio todellisissa olosuhteissa tehtyjen ikäytysten kanssa ja tästä syystä työssä käytetyn laboratoriomittakaavan ikäytysmenetelmän voidaan todeta olevan hyvä työkalu simuloimaan rikin ja fosforin aiheuttamaa deaktivoitumista

Evans, Jason Carter. "Influence of fuel sulfur content on emissions from diesel engines equipped with oxidation catalysts". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1594.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 140 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84).

Mora, Pérez Javier. "Control-oriented modelling and diagnostics of diesel after-treatment catalysts". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/115937.

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[ES] Esta tesis doctoral abarca el desarrollo de algoritmos orientados a mejorar el sistema de control de emisiones en motores Diesel. Para este propósito, la inclusión en el vehículo de sensores embarcados como los de temperatura, los de NOx o el de NH3 permite realizar diagnóstico a bordo de los sistemas de post-tratamiento foco de este trabajo, los cuales son el DOC y el SCR. Así pues, el objetivo es el de satisfacer las normativas de diagnóstico a bordo para mantener las emisiones por debajo del umbral permitido por la normativa a lo largo del tiempo. Los tests experimentales, incluyendo las medidas con analizador de gases, permiten tener una visión más amplia de las especies en la línea de escape. Complementariamente, se utilizan unidades nuevas y envejecidas para tener el efecto experimental del envejecimiento en los catalizadores. De esta manera, se analiza el efecto de la temperatura, el gasto de escape, las concentraciones de las especies y el envejecimiento en el DOC y en el SCR, así como la evaluación de algunas de las medidas relevantes realizadas por los sensores. Las temperaturas tienen una influencia destacada en el funcionamiento de los catalizadores, por lo que se requiere la evaluación de las medidas de los sensores de temperatura, junto con el desarrollo de modelos de transmisión de calor, para alimentar las funciones a continuación desarrolladas. En este sentido, la medida lenta del sensor aguas arriba del DOC se mejora en condiciones transitorias mediante una técnica de fusión de la información basada en un filtro de Kalman. Luego, se presenta un modelo de transmisión de calor 1D y un modelo agrupado 0D, en los cuales se evalúan las entradas aguas arriba según el uso del modelo. Por otra parte, se presenta una técnica para estimar el incremento de temperatura debido a la oxidación de los pulsos de post-inyección en el DOC. Se proponen modelos para ambos DOC y SCR para estimar el efecto del envejecimiento en las emisiones, en los cuales el factor de envejecimiento es modelado como un parámetro sintonizable que permite variar desde estados nuevos a envejecidos. Por una parte, un modelo agrupado 0D es desarrollado para el DOC con el propósito de estimar el desliz de HC y CO, el cual es validado en un WLTC para después ser usado en simulación. Por otra parte, un modelo 1D y un modelo 0D se desarrollan para el SCR, los cuales se usan a continuación para alimentar la estrategia de diagnóstico y para simulación. Finalmente, las estrategias de diagnóstico se presentan para fallo total o retirada de DOC, así como para la estimación de la eficiencia en DOC y SCR. Por una parte, la primera estrategia se divide en pasiva y activa, en la que se usan post-inyecciones en la activa para excitar el sistema y confirmar el fallo total si es el caso. A continuación, la eficiencia del DOC se estima a través de una técnica indirecta en la que la temperatura de activación se detecta y se relaciona con el incremento de emisiones a través del modelo. Por otra parte, se desarrolla un observador para estimar el estado de envejecimiento del SCR, el cual está basado en un filtro de Kalman extendido. Sin embargo, para evitar asociar baja eficiencia del catalizador debido a pobre calidad de la urea inyectada, a envejecimiento del SCR, un indicador de la calidad de la urea se ejecuta en paralelo.
[CAT] Esta tesi doctoral abasta el desenvolupament d'algoritmes orientats a millor el sistema de control d'emissions en motors Diesel. Per a este propòsit, la inclusió en el vehicle de sensor embarcats com els de temperatura, els de NOx o el d'NH3 permet realitzar el diagnòstic a bord dels sistemes de post-tractament focus d'este treball, els quals són el DOC i el SCR. Així doncs, l'objectiu és el de satisfer les normatives de diagnòstic a bord per a mantindre les emissions per baix de l'umbral permés per la normativa al llarg del temps. Els tests experimentals, incloent les mesures amb analitzador de gasos, permeten obtindre una visió més àmplia de les espècies en la línia d'escapament. Complementàriament, s'utilitzen unitats noves i envellides per tal de tindre l'efecte experimental de l'envelliment en els catalitzadors. D'aquesta manera, s'analitza l'efecte de la temperatura, la despesa d'escapament, les concentracions de les espècies i l'envelliment en el DOC i en el SCR, així com l'avaluació d'algunes mesures rellevants realitzades pels sensors. Les temperatures tenen una influència destacada en el funcionament dels catalitzadors, pel que es requerix l'avaluació de les mesures dels sensors de temperatura, junt amb el desenvolupament de models de transmissió de calor, per a alimentar les funcions a continuació desenvolupades. En este sentit, la mesura lenta del sensor a l'entrada del DOC es millora en condicions transitòries mitjançant una tècnica de fusió de la informació basada en un filtre de Kalman. Després, es presenta un model de transmissió de calor 1D i un model agrupat 0D, en els quals s'avaluen les entrades a l'entrada segons l'ús del model. Per altra banda, es presenta una tècnica per a estimar l'increment de temperatura degut a l'oxidació dels polsos de post-injecció en el DOC. Es proposen models per a DOC i SCR per a estimar l'efecte de l'envelliment en les emissions, en els quals es modela el factor d'envelliment com un paràmetre sintonitzable, que permet variar des d'estats nous a envellits. Per altra banda, un model agrupat 0D _es desenvolupat per al DOC amb el propòsit d'estimar la relliscada de HC i CO, el qual és validat en un WLTC per a després ser usat en simulació. Per altra banda, un model 1D i un model 0D es desenvolupen per al SCR, els quals s'usen a continuació per a alimentar l'estratègia de diagnòstic i per a simulació. Finalment, les estratègies de diagnòstic es presenten per a la fallada total o retirada del DOC, així com per a l'estimació de l'eficiència en DOC i SCR. Per altra banda, la primera estratègia es divideix en passiva i activa, en la que s'utilitzen post-injeccions en la activa per a excitar el sistema i confirmar la fallada total si es dona el cas. A continuació, l'eficiència del DOC s'estima a través d'una tècnica indirecta en la que la temperatura d'activació es detecta i es relaciona amb l'increment d'emissions a través del model. Per altra banda, es desenvolupa un observador per a estimar l'estat d'envelliment del SCR, el qual està basat en un filtre de Kalman extés. No obstant això, per a evitar associar baixa eficiència degut a pobre qualitat de l'urea injectada a l'envelliment del SCR, un indicador de la qualitat de l'urea s'executa en paral·lel.
[EN] This dissertation covers the development of algorithms oriented to improve the emission control system of Diesel engines. For this purpose, the inclusion of on-board sensors like temperature, NOx and NH3 sensors allows performing on-board diagnostics to the after-treatment systems focus of this work, which are the DOC and the SCR system. Then, the target is to meet on-board diagnostics regulations in order to keep emissions below a regulation threshold over time. Experimental tests, including gas analyzer measurements, allow having a wider view of the species in the exhaust line. Complementary, new and aged units are used in order to have the experimental effect of ageing on the catalysts. Then, the effect of temperature, exhaust mass flow, species concentrations and ageing is analyzed for DOC and SCR, in combination with the assessment of some relevant sensors measurements. As a result, the characteristics, opportunities and limitations extracted from experimental data are used as the basis for the development of models and diagnostics techniques. The assessment of temperature sensors measurements, along with the development of heat transfer models is required to feed temperature dependent functions. In this sense, the slow measurement of the DOC upstream temperature sensor is improved in transient conditions by means of a data fusion technique, based on a fast model and a Kalman filter. Then, a 1D and a 0D lumped heat transfer models are presented, in which the upstream inputs are assessed in relation to its use. On the other hand, a technique to estimate the temperature increase due to post-injection pulses oxidation is also presented. Both DOC and SCR models are proposed in order to estimate the effect of ageing on emissions, in which an ageing factor is modelled as a tunable parameter that allows varying from new to aged states. On the one hand, a 0D lumped model is developed for DOC in order to estimate the HC and CO species slip, which is validated in a WLTC and is then used for simulation. On the other hand, a 1D and a 0D models are developed for SCR, which are then used to feed the diagnostics strategy and for simulation. Finally, diagnostics strategies are presented for total failure or removal of DOC, as well as for efficiency estimation of DOC and SCR. On the one hand, the former strategy is separated into passive and active diagnostics, in which post-injections are used in active diagnostics in order to excite the system and confirm a total failure, in case. Then, the DOC efficiency estimation is done by means of an indirect technique in which the light-off temperature is detected and an emissions increase is related by means of the DOC ageing model. On the other hand, an observer to estimate the SCR ageing state is developed, which is based on an extended Kalman filter. However, in order to avoid associating low SCR efficiency to ageing, an indicator of the injected urea quality is developed to run in parallel.
Mora Pérez, J. (2018). Control-oriented modelling and diagnostics of diesel after-treatment catalysts [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/115937
TESIS

Trenbath, Thien-Kim Leckie. "Evaluation of crankcase filters and diesel oxidation catalysts for reducing children's exposure in school buses". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1460877.

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Andana, Tahrizi. "Roles of morphology and foreign metals of ceria-based catalysts in improving oxidations of Diesel vehicle pollutants". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1066.

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Resumen

Le travail au présent surligne la cérine nanostructurée et bien-définie ; une morphologie qui promeut une haute activité catalytique de la cérine dans l’oxydation des suies. Le travail présente également l’introduction des métaux pour le dopage, tels que praséodyme et zirconium, à la surface de la cérine pour améliorer la réductibilité, la stabilité thermique, et la capacité du stockage d’oxygène. L’oxydation à température programmée a été utilisée pour analyser l’activité catalytique. Au premier étage de la recherche, on a découvert que l’oxyde en mélange équimolaire de la cérine et de l’oxyde de praséodyme en nanostructure (indiqué comme Ce50Pr50-NP) possède la quantité d’espèces oxygénées à la surface la plus haute, la réductibilité la plus haute et l’activité catalytique la plus haute dans l’oxydation normale des suies. Il a été conclu que la nanostructure soulève la fonctionnalité du praséodyme dans la cérine. Le travail introduit également des nanoparticules (NPs) de Pt stabilisée par n-octylsilane. Pendant la calcination, les ligands silyliques se transforment aux « patches » de la silice qui leur évitent le frittage. Des NPs de Cu ont été préparées avec la même façon ; néanmoins elles ont souffert de sintering. Les NPs de Pt sont très actives dans l’oxydation de tous les polluants modèles des véhicules Diesel, spécifiquement l’oxydation des suies en présence de NOx, et elles fonctionnent mieux avec la cérine nanostructurée. Comme attendu, Ce50Pr50-NP donne l’activité catalytique plus haute que les catalyseurs à base du platine. La haute conversion du NO et l’adsorption du NO2 sur la surface sont la raison majeure de l’activité marquante
The present work highlights well-defined nanostructured ceria; a morphology that bestows exceptional catalytic activity on ceria towards soot oxidation. The work includes also introduction of promoting foreign metals, such as praseodymium and zirconium, to well-defined nanostructured ceria as a means of improving reducibility, thermal stability and oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst. Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) has been used for analyzing catalytic activity. At the first stage of the research, nanostructured equimolar ceria-praseodymia (denoted as Ce50Pr50-NP) was found to have the highest amount of surface oxygen, the highest reducibility and the highest catalytic activity towards soot oxidation. The nanostructured morphology has been proven to raise the functionality of praseodymia as the foreign metal in ceria. The work also introduces small, silane-stabilized Pt nanoparticles. Upon calcination, silyl ligands are transformed into siliceous patches that prevent the particle from migrating/coalescing. Cu nanoparticles have been prepared the same way as Pt nanoparticles; however, they sinter even under milder thermal treatment. The small Pt-NPs are proven active towards all pollutant oxidations, including NOx-assisted soot oxidation, and they function better with nanostructured ceria as the support. Unexpectedly, Ce50Pr50-NP gives higher activity towards NOx-assisted soot oxidation than Pt catalysts. Intense NO conversion and NO2 adsorption on the surface of Ce50Pr50-NP are the reason behind its high activity

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts":

Sharma, Hom N., Steven L. Suib y Ashish B. Mhadeshwar. "Interactions of Sulfur Oxides with Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOCs)". En ACS Symposium Series, 117–55. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2013-1132.ch005.

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Jeong, Kwang Eun, Ho Jeong Chae, Ung Chul Kim, Soon Yong Jeong y Wha Seung Ahn. "Oxidation of Sulfur Components in Diesel Fuel with Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Using Chromium Containing Catalysts". En Solid State Phenomena, 89–92. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-48-5.89.

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Landi, Gianluca, Valeria Di Sarli, Almerinda Di Benedetto y Luciana Lisi. "The Issue of Solid-Solid Contact in Catalytic Soot Oxidation and the Benefits of Catalyst Nanostructuring to Regeneration of Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filters". En Nanostructured Catalysts for Environmental Applications, 155–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58934-9_6.

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Zhang, Yong Heng y Jian Zhong Xue. "Synthesis and Catalytic Activity Studies of V/K/Ca and V/Ks/Ce Based Catalysts for Diesel Soot Oxidation". En Key Engineering Materials, 1995–98. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-410-3.1995.

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Fino, Debora, Nunzio Russo, Emanuele Cauda, Davide Mescia, Simone Solaro, Guido Saracco y Vito Specchia. "Novel Approches in Oxidative Catalysis for Diesel Particulate Abatement". En Advances in Science and Technology, 2083–88. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908158-01-x.2083.

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M√©riaudeau, P. y Vincent Perrichon. "Elimination of Diesel Soots Using Oxidation Catalysts". En Aerosol Chemical Processes in the Environment, 487–503. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420036251.ch24.

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Stein, H. J., G. Hüthwohl y G. Lepperhoff. "Performance of oxidation catalysts for heavy-duty diesel engines". En Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control III, Proceedings of the Third International Symposium CAPoC 3, 517–28. Elsevier, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(06)81455-2.

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Zaletova, Natalia V., Anara O. Turakulova y Valery V. Lunin. "Hierarchical porous Ce-Zr materials for oxidation of diesel soot particulate". En Scientific Bases for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts - Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, July 11-15, 2010, 305–9. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(10)75048-5.

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Jelles, S. J., B. A. A. L. van Setten, M. Makkee y J. A. Moulijn. "Supported liquid phase catalysts: A new approach for catalytic oxidation in diesel exhaust particulate emission control". En Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control IV, Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium (CAPoC4), 667–74. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(98)80922-1.

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Neeft, John P. A., Olaf P. van Pruissen, Michiel Makkee y Jacob A. Moulijn. "Catalytic oxidation of diesel soot: Catalyst development". En Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control III, Proceedings of the Third International Symposium CAPoC 3, 549–61. Elsevier, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(06)81457-6.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts":

Van Nieuwstadt, Michiel, Devesh Upadhyay y Fumin Yuan. "Diagnostics for Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En 2005 SAE Commercial Vehicle Engineering Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3602.

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Phillips, P. R., G. R. Chandler, D. M. Jollie, A. J. J. Wilkins y M. V. Twigg. "Development of Advanced Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En International Mobility Technology Conference and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3075.

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Chandler, G. R., P. R. Phillips, A. J. J. Wilkins, A. Walker y R. R. Rajaram. "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts for Light Duty Vehicles." En SAE 2000 India Mobility Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-1422.

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Beckmann, R., W. Engeler, E. Mueller, B. H. Engler, J. Leyrer, E. S. Lox y K. Ostgathe. "A New Generation of Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/922330.

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Gulati, Suresh T. y Sujanto Widjaja. "New Developments in Diesel Oxidation Catalysts and Diesel Particulate Filters". En Symposium on International Automotive Technology~SIAT 2003. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-26-0017.

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Narusawa, Kazuyuki, Shigeo Hori, Tatsuji Sato y Tsugio Abe. "The Evaluation of Oxidation Catalysts for Diesel Trucks". En International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/950157.

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Flörchinger, Peter y J. Paul Day. "Principles for the Design of Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1723.

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Friese, Kevin, Peter Eilts y Bernhard Lüers. "Investigations Regarding Deposit Formation on Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-1432.

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Wyatt, M., W. A. Manning, S. A. Roth, M. J. D'Aniello, E. S. Andersson y S. C. G. Fredholm. "The Design of Flow-Through Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/930130.

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Nagashima, Ken, Yasuyuki Banno, Yasuharu Kanno y Makoto Nagata. "SOF Combustion Behavior in Flow-thru Diesel Oxidation Catalysts". En 2004 SAE Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1942.

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Informes sobre el tema "Diesel Oxidation Catalysts":

Gao, Pu-Xian. Metal Oxide Nano-Array Catalysts for Low Temperature Diesel Oxidation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1644120.

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