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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Dlomo"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 3 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Dlomo"

Swanson, L., J. Arnedt, K. DuBuc, T. de Sibour, and H. Burgess. "0039 The Clinical Utility of Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Treatment of Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder: Preliminary Findings." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.038.

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Abstract Introduction Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) is common, debilitating, and challenging to treat. In an ongoing randomized trial, we are comparing exogenous melatonin treatment outcomes in DSWPD participants for whom dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is measured objectively vs. estimated. Methods Thus far, 13 participants (27±6 years old, 67% female) have completed a randomized, controlled, double-blind 4-week trial of 0.5 mg of exogenous melatonin timed to either 3 h before measured DLMO (M-DLMO, n = 6) or 3 h before DLMO estimated at 2 h before average sleep onset time based on at least 7 days of wrist actigraphy and sleep diary (E-DLMO, n = 7). All participants met International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3 diagnostic criteria for DSWPD and were otherwise healthy. Participants completed 4 weekly treatment sessions with a blinded psychologist; time of melatonin administration and bed-rise schedule were advanced up to 1 h/week. A validated home saliva collection kit measured DLMO in all participants. Between-group t-tests and Hedges’ g effect sizes (ES) were calculated at post-treatment for the following outcomes: DLMO; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score; Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ); and the actigraphy parameters sleep efficiency (SE) and clock time of sleep onset and offset. A paired-sample t-test compared the measured vs. estimated DLMO at baseline. Results The M-DLMO group had a 65±88 mins DLMO advance vs. 27±30 mins in the E-DLMO group (ES=0.51 p=.381). PSQI scores were similar between groups (M-DLMO=6.67±2.06, E-DLMO=7.1± 1.57, ES=-0.24, p=.646), as were MEQ scores (M-DLMO=43±4.98, E-DLMO=48±12.72, ES=-0.47, p=.387). Sleep onset time (M-DLMO=0:32±1:02, E-DLMO=0:31±1:38, ES=0.01, p=.98) and offset time (M-DLMO=8:05±1:03, E-DLMO=8:08±2:14, ES=-0.02, p=.968) were similar between the groups, although sleep was more efficient in M-DLMO vs. E-DLMO (84%±3% vs. 76%±10%, ES=0.94, p=.096). On average, baseline measured DLMO occurred 123±83 mins earlier than estimated DLMO (p=.001). Conclusion We are continuing to enroll participants in this trial. Preliminary results suggest some potential benefit of measuring the DLMO, but results will need to be clarified in a larger sample. Support American Sleep Medicine Foundation Strategic Research Award

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Grant, Dwight. "Thoughts on Calculating DLOMs." Business Valuation Review 33, no. 4 (2014): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/0882-2875-33.4.102.

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LaRosa, K. N., S. J. Crowley, D. Hancock, et al. "0994 Assessment Of Sleep-wake And Circadian Rhythm Disruption In Children And Adolescents Diagnosed With Craniopharyngioma." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A377—A378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.990.

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Abstract Introduction Patients with craniopharyngioma are at increased risk for hypersomnia/narcolepsy and circadian rhythm disruption, secondary to hypothalamic-pituitary involvement of the tumor. We assessed youth with craniopharyngioma to determine presence of the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) and concurrent sleep disturbance. Methods Fifty-two patients (7-21 years; 51% female) enrolled on our institutional protocol for craniopharyngioma that included surgery, proton therapy, or both. In-home salivary melatonin was collected after surgery and hourly beginning 3 h before to 1 h after habitual bedtime to determine the DLMO, which was defined as the time that melatonin exceeded a 4 pg/mL threshold. Polysomnography and a next day multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were also conducted. Results Hypersomnia/narcolepsy was indicated in 86% of patients. DLMO was detected in 29 (56%) patients and averaged 21:04 (±1:14). All but 2 patients with a DLMO had a concurrent sleep diagnosis (18 hypersomnia, 8 narcolepsy, 1 insomnia). In those we could not compute a DLMO, melatonin was above the 4 pg/mL threshold in 19 (37%), suggesting that the DLMO was likely earlier than the sampling window. Two (4%) did not reach threshold, suggesting that the DLMO was later than the window. For patients in which DLMO was not computed, all but 4 had a concurrent sleep diagnosis (7 hypersomnia, 9 narcolepsy, 1 MSLT not completed). Three (6%) participants showed a pattern of melatonin decreasing before bedtime (2 hypersomnia, 1 narcolepsy). Sleep disorder diagnosis was not associated with whether a DLMO was detected or not. Conclusion DLMO did not occur within the sampling window in 44% of patients with the majority due to the DLMO likely occurring before sampling started. Simultaneous assessment of both sleep-wake disturbance and circadian phase could provide more informed sleep interventions for excessive sleepiness and circadian misalignment in this patient population. Support This study was supported by cancer center grant (CA21765) from the National Cancer Institute, and ALSAC.

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Shoresh, Michal, Sara Orgad, Orit Shmueli, et al. "Overexpression Beadex Mutations and Loss-of-Function heldup-a Mutations in Drosophila Affect the 3′ Regulatory and Coding Components, Respectively, of the Dlmo Gene." Genetics 150, no. 1 (1998): 283–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/150.1.283.

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Abstract LIM domains function as bridging modules between different members of multiprotein complexes. We report the cloning of a LIM-containing gene from Drosophila, termed Dlmo, which is highly homologous to the vertebrate LIM-only (LMO) genes. The 3′ untranslated (UTR) of Dlmo contains multiple motifs implicated in negative post-transcriptional regulation, including AT-rich elements and Brd-like boxes. Dlmo resides in polytene band 17C1-2, where Beadex (Bx) and heldup-a (hdp-a) mutations map. We demonstrate that Bx mutations disrupt the 3′UTR of Dlmo, and thereby abrogate the putative negative control elements. This results in overexpression of Dlmo, which causes the wing scalloping that is typical of Bx mutants. We show that the erect wing phenotype of hdp-a results from disruption of the coding region of Dlmo. This provides molecular grounds for the suppression of the Bx phenotype by hdp-a mutations. Finally, we demonstrate phenotypic interaction between the LMO gene Dlmo, the LIM homeodomain gene apterous, and the Chip gene, which encodes a homolog of the vertebrate LIM-interacting protein NLI/Ldb1. We propose that in analogy to their vertebrate counterparts, these proteins form a DNA-binding complex that regulates wing development.

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Reiter, Andrew M., Charli Sargent, and Gregory D. Roach. "Concordance of Chronotype Categorisations Based on Dim Light Melatonin Onset, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire." Clocks & Sleep 3, no. 2 (2021): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep3020021.

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Chronotype reflects circadian timing and can be determined from biological markers (e.g., dim light melatonin onset; DLMO), or questionnaires (e.g., Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire; MEQ, or Munich Chronotype Questionnaire; MCTQ). The study’s aim was to quantify concordance between chronotype categorisations based on these measures. A total of 72 (36f) young, healthy adults completed the MEQ and MCTQ and provided saliva samples hourly in dim light during the evening in a laboratory. The corrected midpoint of sleep on free days (MSFsc) was derived from MCTQ, and tertile splits were used to define early, intermediate and late DLMO-CT, MEQ-CT and MSFsc-CT chronotype categories. DLMO correlated with MEQ score (r = −0.25, p = 0.035) and MSFsc (r = 0.32, p = 0.015). For early, intermediate and late DLMO-CT categories, mean(SD) DLMO were 20:25(0:46), 21:33(0:10) and 23:03(0:53). For early, intermediate and late MEQ-CT categories, mean(SD) MEQ scores were 60.5(5.3), 51.4(2.9) and 40.8 (5.0). For early, intermediate and late MSFsc-CT categories, mean(SD) MSFsc were 03:23(0:34), 04:37(0:12) and 05:55(0:48). Low concordance of categorisations between DLMO-CT and MEQ-CT (37%), and between DLMO-CT and MSFsc-CT (37%), suggests chronotype categorisations depend on the measure used. To enable valid comparisons with previous results and reduce the likelihood of misleading conclusions, researchers should select measures and statistical techniques appropriate to the construct of interest and research question.

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Crowley, S. J., K. Janevski, and C. I. Eastman. "0339 Where Does the Time Go? Reported Activities Around the DLMO in Older Adolescents." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A128—A129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.336.

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Abstract Introduction Older adolescents show heightened alertness in the evening close to the time of their Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO), a time when the circadian system is most responsive to delaying light. We examined reported activities of adolescents around the time of their DLMO. Methods Forty-six adolescents (14.2-17.9 years; 24 females) who reported ≤7 h sleep on school nights and late bedtimes (school-night ≥ 23:00; non-school night ≥ midnight) slept at home on their usual school-year sleep schedule for 2 weeks. Participants reported their main activity via text message every hour from 16:00 until self-selected bedtime. After these 2 weeks, their DLMO was measured. We examined reported activities in the hour around the DLMO and the 2 hourly responses that followed on weeknights (Sunday-Thursday) to determine the most common activities (n=1380 responses). Logistic regression tested whether frequency of activities predicted whether a participant’s DLMO fell within the earliest (n=15; 19:31 ± 00:44), middle (n=16; 20:49 ± 00:20), or latest (n=15; 22:29±1:15) tertile. Results Overall, reported activities that consumed the most time were cell phone use (19.5%), homework (18.3%), and watching TV (15.1%). Adolescents who reported more homework, were more likely to have a DLMO in the middle tertile compared to the earliest and latest tertiles. Cell phone use was least likely in adolescents in the earliest DLMO tertile. TV watching did not predict DLMO group. Conclusion Adolescents who had the earliest DLMOs spent less time on their phones when light has the greatest delaying effect. These data may indicate that light from cell phone screens may delay circadian phase in this age group. Alternatively, cell phone use may be more likely if adolescents cannot fall asleep due to a later circadian cue for sleep onset. Support R01 HL112756 (Crowley)

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Seki, Hiroyuki, Satoshi Oki, Yasunori Suda, et al. "Three-Dimensional Analysis of the First Metatarsal Bone in Minimally Invasive Distal Linear Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus." Foot & Ankle International 41, no. 1 (2019): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100719875222.

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Background: Modified Bösch osteotomy (distal linear metatarsal osteotomy [DLMO]) is one of the minimally invasive correctional surgeries for hallux valgus. The 3-dimensional correctional angles and distances of the first metatarsal bone in DLMO have not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to analyze the 3-dimensional postoperative morphological changes of the first metatarsal bone in DLMO. Methods: Twenty patients (30 feet) who underwent DLMO were enrolled. Preoperative plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the feet were examined. Postoperative radiographs and CT scans were also obtained after bone union. The surface data of the pre- and postoperative first metatarsals were reconstructed from the CT data. The positions of the distal ends of the first metatarsals described with respect to the proximal ends were calculated using CT surface-matching technique. Results: The distal end of the first metatarsal after DLMO was significantly supinated (10.2 ± 6.0 degrees, P < .001), adducted (6.0 ± 11.8 degrees, P = .004), dorsiflexed (11.1 ± 10.9, P < .001), shortened (7.4 ± 2.5 mm, P < .001), elevated (2.3 ± 3.1 mm, P = .001), and laterally shifted (8.2 ± 3.0 mm, P < .001) compared to the preoperative metatarsal distal end. Supination correction demonstrated a significant correlation with adduction correction ( r = 0.659, P < .001) on correlation analyses between these parameters. Conclusion: The 3-dimensional corrections of the first metatarsal bone after DLMO were evaluated. Pronation and abduction were successfully corrected. Furthermore, adduction correction might be an important factor affecting correction of pronation. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.

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Cogswell, D., P. Bisesi, R. R. Markwald, et al. "Identification of a Preliminary Plasma Metabolome-based Biomarker for Circadian Phase in Humans." Journal of Biological Rhythms 36, no. 4 (2021): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07487304211025402.

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Measuring individual circadian phase is important to diagnose and treat circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and circadian misalignment, inform chronotherapy, and advance circadian science. Initial findings using blood transcriptomics to predict the circadian phase marker dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) show promise. Alternatively, there are limited attempts using metabolomics to predict DLMO and no known omics-based biomarkers predict dim-light melatonin offset (DLMOff). We analyzed the human plasma metabolome during adequate and insufficient sleep to predict DLMO and DLMOff using one blood sample. Sixteen (8 male/8 female) healthy participants aged 22.4 ± 4.8 years (mean ± SD) completed an in-laboratory study with 3 baseline days (9 h sleep opportunity/night), followed by a randomized cross-over protocol with 9-h adequate sleep and 5-h insufficient sleep conditions, each lasting 5 days. Blood was collected hourly during the final 24 h of each condition to independently determine DLMO and DLMOff. Blood samples collected every 4 h were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics and were randomly split into training (68%) and test (32%) sets for biomarker analyses. DLMO and DLMOff biomarker models were developed using partial least squares regression in the training set followed by performance assessments using the test set. At baseline, the DLMOff model showed the highest performance (0.91 R2 and 1.1 ± 1.1 h median absolute error ± interquartile range [MdAE ± IQR]), with significantly ( p < 0.01) lower prediction error versus the DLMO model. When all conditions (baseline, 9 h, and 5 h) were included in performance analyses, the DLMO (0.60 R2; 2.2 ± 2.8 h MdAE; 44% of the samples with an error under 2 h) and DLMOff (0.62 R2; 1.8 ± 2.6 h MdAE; 51% of the samples with an error under 2 h) models were not statistically different. These findings show promise for metabolomics-based biomarkers of circadian phase and highlight the need to test biomarkers that predict multiple circadian phase markers under different physiological conditions.

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Reiter, Andrew M., Charli Sargent, and Gregory D. Roach. "No Effect of Chronotype on Sleepiness, Alertness, and Sustained Attention during a Single Night Shift." Clocks & Sleep 3, no. 3 (2021): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep3030024.

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The study’s aim was to examine the effect of chronotype on cognitive performance during a single night shift. Data were collected from 72 (36f) young, healthy adults in a laboratory study. Participants had a 9 h sleep period (03:00–12:00) followed by an 8 h night shift (23:00–07:00). During the night shift, participants completed five test sessions, which included measures of subjective sleepiness, subjective alertness, and sustained attention (i.e., psychomotor vigilance task; PVT). Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was derived from saliva samples taken during the evening preceding the night shift. A tertile split of DLMO was used to determine three chronotype categories: earlier (DLMO = 20:22 ± 0:42), intermediate (DLMO = 21:31 ± 0:13), and later (DLMO = 22:54 ± 0:54). There were (a) significant main effects of test session (all p < 0.001); (b) no main effects of chronotype; and (c) no interaction effects between chronotype and test session on sleepiness, alertness, PVT response time, and PVT lapses. The results indicate that under controlled sleeping conditions, chronotype based on dim light melatonin onset did not affect nighttime performance. Differences in performance during night shift between chronotypes reported by field studies may be related to differences in the amount and/or timing of sleep before or between night shifts, rather than circadian timing.

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Wan, Cheng, Andrew W. Mchill, Elizabeth B. Klerman, and Akane Sano. "Sensor-Based Estimation of Dim Light Melatonin Onset Using Features of Two Time Scales." ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare 2, no. 3 (2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447516.

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Circadian rhythms influence multiple essential biological activities, including sleep, performance, and mood. The dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is the gold standard for measuring human circadian phase (i.e., timing). The collection of DLMO is expensive and time consuming since multiple saliva or blood samples are required overnight in special conditions, and the samples must then be assayed for melatonin. Recently, several computational approaches have been designed for estimating DLMO. These methods collect daily sampled data (e.g., sleep onset/offset times) or frequently sampled data (e.g., light exposure/skin temperature/physical activity collected every minute) to train learning models for estimating DLMO. One limitation of these studies is that they only leverage one time-scale data. We propose a two-step framework for estimating DLMO using data from both time scales. The first step summarizes data from before the current day, whereas the second step combines this summary with frequently sampled data of the current day. We evaluate three moving average models that input sleep timing data as the first step and use recurrent neural network models as the second step. The results using data from 207 undergraduates show that our two-step model with two time-scale features has statistically significantly lower root-mean-square errors than models that use either daily sampled data or frequently sampled data.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Dlomo"

Dlomo, Sithembisile Asilia. "Turnover among mathematics and physical science educators in the Vaal Triangle / by Sithembisile Asilia Dlomo." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2410.

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Midgley, Henry Peter. "Author, ideology and publisher a symbiotic relationship : Lovedale Missionary Press and early Black writing in South Africa: with specific reference to the critical writings of H.I.E. Dlomo." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002284.

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The specific instances of R.H.W. Shepherd and H.I.E. Dhlomo are used in this thesis to investigate some of the many factors that influence the formation of a colonial literature, such as politics, social structures and personal ideals. By isolating the Lovedale Mission Press ~s a "contact zone" - a·place where the cultures of the colonizer and the colonized come into direct contact with each other - it is possible to trace how the interaction between these cultures shaped the writing of a particular African writer, H.I.E. Dhlomo. This is done through an analysis of historical factors that shaped the policy of the Lovedale Mission Press in the twentieth century: the development of liberalism in South Africa, the·role of the missionary in African education, the function ofa liberal magazine such as The South African Outlook and the appointment of an ambitious missionary, R.I.W. Shepherd, to the position of Director of Publications. This necessarily included a study of Shepherd's vision of African literature. On the other hand, this study takes cognisance of the factors that shaped Herbert Dhlomo's vision of literature: the development of African nationalism, the entrenchment of segregation as a politial doctrine, and most importantly, his struggle to have his creative writing published by the Lovedale Press. It is shown how Shepherd's vision of what African literature should entail contrasted with Dhlomo's, and how, as a result, Dhlomo deliberately structured his critical writing as a response to Shepherd's Eurocentric approach to African literature.

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Asmar, Joëlle. "DLMO a proneural activator in Drosophila is regulated by conserved microRNAs." Strasbourg 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR13137.

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Chez la mouche, le système nerveux périphérique est constitué de soies dont la position stéréotypée dépend de l’expression des gènes pro-neuraux achaete-scute (ac-sc). L’équipe a identifié un complexe qui active ac/sc, il inclut le facteur GATA Pannier, son cofacteur Chip, et les facteurs pro-neuraux. Nous avons démontré que dLMO (LIM-Only), exerce au sein du complexe une activité proneurale. Les mutants gain de fonction ayant des délétions tronquant la région 3’UTR du gène montrent un excès de protéines dLMO. Dans le 3’UTR, nous avons identifié deux sites de microARNs conservés. Mir-9 régule la concentration de dLMO qui est cruciale pour le développement de l’aile. LMO2 humain dont la surexpression induit des leucémies est l’homologue de dLMO. Nous avons découvert que LMO2 est régulé in vitro par les mêmes microARNs. Nous spéculons que mir-9 pourrait agir comme suppresseur de tumeur pour réguler l’expression de LMO2 dans les leucémies<br>The pattern of the external sensory organs depends on the activity of the bHLH transcriptional activators Achaete/Scute that provide the cell with a neural fate. The proper proneural activation in the dorsocentral region requires the formation of a complex where the Ldb protein Chip acts as a bridge between the GATA factor Pannier and the proneural bHLHs heterodimers. We proved that dLMO a LIM-Only protein acts within the DC complex as a proneural activator. The dLMO gain of function mutants have deletions of the dLMO 3’UTR. This region contains sites for conserved microRNAs. In fact, mir-9 regulates dLMO level through its 3’UTR, to assure the proper wing development. DLMO is the homolog of LMO2, a human hematopoetic oncogene found in similar complexes to the fly DC complex and linked to acute leukemia. We found that LMO2 level is regulated by the same ancient miRNAs in vitro. We expect that mir-9 could act as a tumor suppressor gene to regulate aberrant expression of LMO2 in leukemia

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Uddfors, Mathias, and Åberg Erik Martinsson. "EMQ-modellen : En övergripande modell för att estimera illikviditetsrabatten." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Produktionsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159330.

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Bakgrund: Illikviditetsrabatten (DLOM) är en omdiskuterad rabatt som ofta leder till konflikt vid värdering. DLOM uppstår i en brist på säljbarhet och problematiken ligger i att denna rabatt inte är observerbar och kan även anses subjektiv. DLOM beror också på flertalet ofta unika faktorer vilket medför att rabatten kan skilja sig kraftigt från fall till fall. DLOM kan anta allt från negativa värden upp till 90 % vilket medför att bolagets slutgiltiga värde i stor grad beror av denna rabatt. Således blir det relevant att bestämma en korrekt nivå för denna rabatt utifrån vetenskaplig litteratur och praxis. Fallföretaget för denna studie, PwC, har efterfrågat en ny modell för att estimera DLOM. Detta på grund av ett ökat fokus från Skatteverket och Fallföretagets kunder att kontrollera om estimeringar av DLOM har utförts på ett korrekt och argumenterbart sätt. I dagsläget hävdar Fallföretaget att ämnet har givits bristande uppmärksamhet i branschen, varför en uppdatering av deras nuvarande metodik för att estimera DLOM är kritisk för sitt fortsatta arbete. Syfte: Denna studies syfte är att analysera och skapa en modell, grundad i validitet och praktisk genomförbarhet, som estimerar illikviditetsrabatten. Genomförande: På grund av att rabatten inte är observerbar uppstår ett behov av att identifiera substitut för rabatten och förstå sambandet mellan dessa och DLOM. Till hjälp har en omfattande sammanställningsstudie gjorts i ämnet tillsammans med en fallstudie av Fallföretagets nuvarande metodik. Baserat på detta och triangulering har en modell sedan utvecklats. Denna modell har sedan tillämpats på fyra värderingsfall som tillhandahållits av Fallföretaget. Utifrån detta följer sedan en analys på Fallföretagets metodik, den framtagna modellen och en jämförelse av dessa. Resultat: EMQ-modellen är en modell som bygger på tre metoder för att estimera DLOM. De tre metoderna är en empirisk metod, en matematisk metod och en kvalitativ metod. Två intervall för vad DLOM kan anta för värden utifrån bolagsspecifika data skapas utifrån den empiriska och matematiska metoden. Dessa intervall viktas sedan ihop till ett intervall med avseende på inlåsningsperioden för innehavet som ska värderas. Slutligen undersöks kvalitativa faktorer som ger ett bestämt värde inom intervallet för DLOM. De tre metoderna är valda utifrån att ta hänsyn till de faktorer som påverkar DLOM för att sedan överföra dessa till ett faktiskt värde för DLOM. Modellen är även skapad för att vara anpassningsbar till varje specifikt värderingsfall.<br>Background: The marketability discount (DLOM) is a controversial discount that has often led to conflict in valuation. DLOM is derived from a lack of marketability and the problem lies in the fact that DLOM is not observable and also considered subjective. Furthermore, DLOM depends on multiple often unique factors, which means that the discount can differ greatly from case to case. DLOM can assume values ranging from negative values and up to as much as 90%, which means that the company's final value to a great extent depends on this discount. Thus, it becomes relevant to determine a reasonable level of this discount based on scientific literature and practice. The case company for this study, PwC, has requested a new model to estimate DLOM. The reason behind the request is that the Swedish Tax Agency and customers of the case company have increased its effort on controlling whether estimates of DLOM have been carried out in a correct and arguably manner. Currently, the case company claims that the subject has been given a lack of attention in the industry, which is why an update of their current methodology for estimating DLOM is critical for their continued work. Aim: The aim of this report is to create and analyze a model, based on validity and practical feasibility, which estimates the marketability discount. Completion: Due to the fact that the discount is not observable creates a need for identifying proxies for the discount and an understanding of the connection between these and DLOM. An extensive literature study together with a case study on the case company has been made in order to achieve this. A model is then developed based on this and triangulation. The model is then used on four valuation cases, provided by the case company. After that follows an analysis of the methodology of the case company, the model of this study and a comparison between these two. Findings: The EMQ-model is a model that is based on three methods for estimating DLOM. The three methods are an empirical method, a mathematical method and a qualitative method. Two possible intervals for DLOM is created based on company-specific data by the empirical and mathematical method. These intervals are then weighted together into one interval with respect to the restriction period for the holding to be valued. Finally, qualitative factors that provide a definite value are investigated within the interval of DLOM. The three methods are chosen based on considering the factors affecting DLOM. The model is also created to enable adaptability to each specific valuation case.

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Fredlund, Viktor, and Andreas Tollerup. "Valuation - The issue of illiquidity : A qualitative retake on illiquidity discounts in the context of private company valuation on the Swedish market." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-99826.

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A private company lacks a direct observable market value and several situations may require a practitioner to compute the value of a private company. Since most of the valuation methods in use are based on data derived from the public stock markets certain adjustments may be appropriate when valuing a private company. Marketability and liquidity is said to be one of the more observable differences between a public and a private company. This implies that the shares in a private company have a lack of marketability and liquidity in comparison to the shares in a public company, which practitioners may have to adjust for. Several quantitative studies are conducted on the subject in order reassure price differences between public and private companies, namely a private company discount (PCD). Furthermore, several quantitative studies strive to establish a general and standardized cost for lack of marketability (liquidity) expressed as the illiquidity discount or the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM). These studies have different perceptions and use different hypothesis to identify illiquidity, which in turn will lead to a large span of different discounts. Essentially, earlier research examines assets marketability and liquidity with the assumption of them being equal in all other aspects. Professional practitioners constantly seek guidance in these studies to justify their estimated and applied illiquidity discount/DLOM when performing a valuation on a privately held company. Furthermore, we have also observed survey-studies adopting a more qualitative method in order to appreciate the level of discounts applied in a valuation by professional practitioners. Consequently, this sea of studies provides the practitioner with a discount that ranges from 5% to 60% to take a stand on. The impossibility to determine the most adequate theory contributes to the inconsistency of how this issue is handled in reality by market participants and courts. In our study we first provide the reader with a rigorous literature study, which describes earlier research on the subject of illiquidity discount/DLOM. We conclude that research has gone one step too far when conducting all of these quantitative studies. This is why we conduct our own empirical data through semi-structured in-depth interviews with professional valuation experts on the Swedish market. This makes our approach a retake on the issue in order to generate suggestions to further studies. What we find is that all of the independent consultants, primarily, does not apply a discount when valuing a majority interest due to the paradigm on the Swedish market. In contrast, the private equity fund manager, which only acquires majority interest, can use this type of discounts in their dependent valuation of majority interests. However, when valuing a minority interest the independent valuation consultants use quantitative empirical studies to derive a starting point of the discount. The level of the discount is then estimated upon the purpose of the valuation and firm-specific variables, which all of the participant’s states to be the most important ones when estimating a illiquidity discount/DLOM. Based on these results we argue that one should be very careful when taking guidelines from quantitative empirical studies. Our interpretation is that the level of illiquidity/DLOM applicable depends on the level of attractiveness, which in turn has a bearing on all firm-specific variables. When it comes to applying the appropriate discount all of the participants argue in favor for a discount-on-value and not as some research suggest; a risk premium added to the discount rate. We also generate adequate suggestions to further studies based on these interviews. Since courts and in particular the Swedish tax-court is inconsistent when approving or rejecting illiquidity discounts/DLOM we suggest legal actions on the issue. Furthermore we suggest a survey-like study in order to catch consensus take on how to estimate the level of discount. In fact, this can be done every year in a similar way as PwC’s market risk premium study is conducted.

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Ntshangase, Sicelo Ziphozonke. "The influences of traditional medicine in relation to its various use by the African societies : a review of Zulu novels." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5741.

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Traditional medicine, unlike western medicine, is not merely concerned with physical illness, but it is used for various purposes. For instance: It can be used for lkuthwala' (the process whereby a person consults a traditional doctor for the medicine that will make a person very rich). The practice of 'ukuthwala' has numerous disavantages, especially because of the price that is paid in return of the wealth accumulated. The price is usually a human sacrifice, depending on what version of Ukuthwala' a person has opted for. Traditional medicine can also be used for witchcraft (ukuthakatha),for protection against evil spirits (ukuqinisa) , for making someone love you, for job opportunities, and for inspiration of the army. It can be either used for good or evil purposes. The dissertation looks at both versions by strongly drawing examples from Zulu novels. Other issues raised in this study is the importance of religion and cosmology, culture, magic, as well as spiritual healing, in association with traditional medicine. The Africans believe in the spirit world. They believed that for people to communicate with 'Mvelinqangi ' (God) there should be 'amadlozi' (the ancestors), who should intercede with God on their behalf. Usually, they call a sangoma' (medium) or 'inyanga' (medicine-man) to perform the religious ritual, or he would just instruct the elder person in the family how to carry out the procedure of communicating with the ancestors (Canonici, 1996). Traditional medicine has its own professional ethics. These ethics are also discussed in the research.<br>Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.

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Libros sobre el tema "Dlomo"

Henry, Sherrye. BVR's guide to DLOM case law. 2nd ed. Business Valuation Resources, 2006.

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Sebald, Roseline. Tales Untold: Misjudged,Abused, Racially Profiled , near Death Experience, You Name It, Cindy Dlomo Experienced It , All She Longs for Is Just Some Freedom to Fly. Independently Published, 2020.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Dlomo"

"A DLOM Computational Model." In Financial Valuation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119205517.oth11.

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"T cu im rre e n tl Sycahleeasd ) qu aas rte wreeldlaatst he thLeammounltt -i D na oth io e n rt aylEIaR rt I h , odtrhoeurgm ht ajporrem di ocd ti eolnprw ob il llem re s q . u T ir hee the resolution of hOabvseearnva im to p ry o rt oafntCcooluupm le bdiamoUdneilvecrosm ity p . onTehnet, sea lt ehfo fo urgthsp ex hteernes , io onntaogfloorbeaclasdto in mga , in boatnhdth th eseeaorcee dva saonlnacn es diantcm lu odse m in acn lu ydeodf ( t C he a rs toyn pe 1s9o 98 f ) m . ethods discussed above are uomciesamnatacnhdbaettmwoesepnhtehree . fl Fuo xe rsmaatntyhearbeoaus, n d th atr io ie nsoofftthhee rep F li o ca rtE in NgSaOn , d c , ur in re nstom co eupclaesdesm , oidmep ls roav re in cgapoanb le thoefo of frtehaelsie st iwcillalnrde -q suuirrfeacse ig coupling may be ess eenatd ia dli . tiA on ll tshue cc ecsusrroefnetmgpein ri ecraalt / isotn at i o st ficcaolumpe le th dom ds o . dFeo ls rirnesptlain ca ctee , a model parameterisatio nificant improvements in the SST anomaly patterns in the equatorial Pacific that th ry elraeyqeu rs ir , ecd lo m ud osd , erlad im inasp ti oonf , saun rf dacceonpv ro ecce ti sosn es, bound have many characteristics in common with observed to a quick solution, but, ro g v iv eemnetnhtesiam re p o li rktealny . N to onye ie o ld flEeN ss SsO uc cceosm sf puolsiin te tsh . eCm ur orreentdim ffi ocduelltspa ro re blceomnso id ferreapblliy imp Iatcsthoofud ld ronuogthbte , they are worth pursuing. ce of the p ca hteirnigcc th ir ecuslpae ti c o if n ic peav tt oelruntsioinnoafgtihve en SESNTSaOndepaitsm od oes . tehxe prospects for im forgotten, however, that not all of However, it is precisely this problem that must be no ctlufsuilv ly eluynodnersse ta a n so pnraolvteidmde ro sc uag le hst . p A re l dictions reside solved. Just as the ‘average’ daily weather is rarely of climate variabilit d y , th th eem re u l is ti aanmnpulaelteo th doeucgahdawles ca dloeo ce bpsteuravleda , idthteo ‘ ucnadneornsitcaanl’ diEnNgS th Oan id aeauissefm ul orceonastcroun ct e2x .1 is c t ) e nc aend -e th .g e . , sien the time series o vidence for its for prediction. To reach their full potential, coupled distributions of rai cnuflaalrl ( cFhiagnugrees2i . n2ftrhae in f p al rlob (F ab ig il uir ty eim nd oidveildsun al eepdas to t E be N S ab O le etpoisroedpe li scaa te ndt he th eeivroleuv ti ooln vi nogfnoefw co duep velopments in data an ). Very recently, extratropical atmospheric and ocean interactions. There is lesdommeoedveildsehnacveeosftd ar etaeld ys t is oaonpdeinn the accuracy The most optimistic expectation is that once that may have a somewhat c ad d a if lfv er aern ia t t io unpstihnisEN fie S ld O . cEoNuSpO le , d th m ey odw el i s ll bheavaeb le cotnoqhueelrped id etnhtei fy chaanld le npg re edio ct ftmheeasiun red by the ocean s character, as other modes of climate variability. This may include Zhang te ertananl. ua1l99 ti 7 m , eFoslc la al neusr fa ( cKeleteemmapne ra et tures, from links between ENSO and the climate system not yet are now beginning to fin ddeatanlu . m1b9e9r8 ) o . M al. od1e9 ll 9e6 rs , m dis ocdoevlesremdaiyntahiediimnpienrv fe ecsttiogbaste io rv nast io onfaplodsastiab . lIemcplriomvaetdem ab e il cih ty anoin sm th seinde th ca edN al otrothmaun lt d i tropic f potential modes that link ocean basins, such as ENSO-and Barnett 1996). There is adlescoad ev aalltiPm ac eifsiccaf le o r ( vari related variations of SST in the tropical North Atlantic, ENSO links to rainfall may come an id dengcoed th ep aetnsLoam ti e f rece In n tl aydddiistc io u n ss etdoboycE ea n n fi -e altdmaonsdphMea re y er c o ( u1p9l9 in 7 g ). , new nointutdheeo se fcE ul N ar S O va riitas bility in the str ding generations of models need to include realistic land-southern Europe (R eolpfe -le wes .g k . i , a in ndneonrg Ha th th lp e e rn an dAfm ri acga/ rae tm ali oss ti pchm er oedeclosuopflitnhge . la Snudch su rifm ac peroavnedmie ts ntvsegientvao ti lovneaThheeadp , r m ed aiyctaalbsio lity of ENS rt 1987). and adequate descriptions based on observed data of in Northern Hevm ar iyspohnerdeecOa sp d , rail on ntgiem ( e to s Ba c a ls a a le fse , w e sp se eacs ia oln ly strheep re isne it nitaal tio ve nge in ta t m io ondesltsa te is . c W ur orrekn tl oynbleainndg -s m ur afiancleym 19 e9a5n ) s . (i I . n e ., additio meda et al. driven by the development of coupled models for over several cdheacnagdenes , sis ) n ec a th u lso e la r ‘ itvnyfpairciaalbio li rty in the climate climate change projection over the next century conditional ENSO probability l u fo ernecceassetsxsi . m pe Fpcolteeds ’ e values (Dickinson et al. 1996). the Gulf Coast of the United States shows reaxaam sonal Significant advances in coupled model-based ENSO signal for both the first and second half s o tro p n le, f th g e." In Droughts. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315830896-45.

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