Tesis sobre el tema "Dominican Identity"

The integration of immigrants into host societies has been a topic of longstanding interest in the sociology of migration, whereas the study of transnationalism has only emerged in the last few years. Globalization, fueled by the rapid development of transportation and communication technologies, has been one of the principal factors in the rise of transnationalism. The aim of this study is to clarify the links between the immigrants' integration into the host society and the transnational activities in which they get involved.
The initial hypothesis of this study was that immigrants' involvement in narrow transnational activities is linked to their weaker integration into Quebec society. To test this hypothesis, a series of interviews was conducted with members of the Dominican community of Montreal. These Dominicans were involved in varying levels of transnational activities within political, economic, and cultural spheres. The interviews were aimed at determining the integration process experienced by the different interviewees.
The results of this study showed, in contrast to the hypothesized predictions, that involvement in transnational activities was not linked to lesser levels of integration. In fact, the Dominicans involved in the most intensive transnational activities revealed a capacity to integrate into the receiving society as easily as other Dominicans, often showing a greater dynamism in their integration. Involvement in intensive transnational activities seems to show a capacity on the part of some immigrants to grow and develop in two universes at the same time, that of the receiving and that of the sending society.

Latinidad, or the idea of a shared solidarity among Latinxs of all ethnicities in the United States, is as diverse in reality as it is homogenized in mainstream culture. Under the wave of a fairly unidimensional representation of Latinxs lies a vibrant undercurrent of literature and media created by AfroLatinx scholars. “ AfroLatinx” 1 works to challenge the hegemony of Latinidad as a direct acknowledgment of the African diaspora and blackness. Even within the plethora of textual production on AfroLatinxs, there are gaps. Specifically, there appears to be a gap of stories of second and third generation AfroLatinxs who have always lived in the United States and grew up in largely white suburban areas. In an effort to address this gap, I will provide a history of race relations in the Dominican Republic to put my personal positioning in context and celebrate my first chance in academia to learn about my culture, as well as include my own personal narratives of interactions with race as a Dominican American in the United States. Within this thesis, I will challenge the completely unnecessary feeling of dueling I have felt between being black and Latina and explore why blackness and Latinidad should not be mutually exclusive.

In the Dominican Republic, the memory of the Haitian conquest and annexation of the nation from 1822 until independence on February 27, 1844, along with the solidification of the anti-Haitian nationalist rhetoric of the 1920s and 30s, have fueled deep-seated animosity toward Haitians. Many Dominicans continue to hold strong anti-Haitian attitudes, and negative views of blackness pervade much of Dominican popular discourse, as well as ideas of beauty and social propriety. Lamentably, these negative attitudes toward Haitianness, which has become synonymous with blackness and vice versa, have spread far beyond informal conversations in private households, permeating the political realm as well. Anti-Haitian attitudes have long guided government action and unofficial policy in the spheres of immigration, citizenship, and labor. Though the Dominican Constitution, prior to a 2010 reform, explicitly granted citizenship to all persons born on Dominican soil, persons of Haitian descent were routinely denied the right to citizenship, as well as the right to any forms of government-issued identification. As a result, even those born in the Dominican Republic endure the looming threat of being deported to a nation that, in some cases, they have never known. Though the common occurrence of such grave injustice is well-known within the nation, most Dominicans are apathetic. The minority of Dominicans who oppose such immoral treatment are overpowered by the vociferous anti-Haitian majority who argue that those who fail to sympathize with their views are not only un-Dominican but anti-Dominican as well. With the majority of Dominicans holding such strong, vehemently-defended views on Haitian immigration, the minority opposition is often overlooked. In this study, I will analyze information obtained from field observation and interviews with Haitian sugar cane cutters and Dominican intellectuals, as well as citizenship and immigration legislation, to provide readers with a more comprehensive view of the political, economic, and socio-cultural impact of racism and anti-Haitianism. As part of my analysis, I will examine the motivations behind and causes of contradictory citizenship and immigration policy and discriminatory interpretations of the law as it applies to Haitian-descended persons. Through this thesis, I aim to construct a new, more complex analysis of anti-Haitianism and racism to generate a more thorough understanding of contradictory Dominican immigration and citizenship policy and its impact within the Haitian-Dominican community.

Adaptation has increasingly come to be recognised as an urgent and necessary response to climate change. The ability of a system to carryout adaptation is dependent on its adaptive capacity. To date, the majority of research relating to adaptation has focused on the objective and material determinants of a system's capacity to adapt to severe and extreme weather impacts. Whereas the role that subjective factors, such as people's perceptions, beliefs and values play in that same process, has received comparatively less attention. Despite being a global phenomenon, climate change is being experienced and responded to in local places. More than just physical locations, places are often imbued with meaning by the people associated with them. This thesis argues that these meanings have implications for the ways in which people adapt, or fail to adapt, to climate change impacts. It uses the concept 'sense of place', as a means of capturing this place meaning and as a lens for exploring adaptive behaviours in three low-income urban communities in the Dominican Republic. In particular it examines the specific roles of residents' place attachment, dependence and identity in motivating and constraining adaptive behaviours. Based on qualitative research with ethnographic underpinnings, the thesis shows that the urban poor sense of place is shaped by interconnected relationships between residents and; their homes, the physical and social aspects of their communities and a range of non-community actors. These relationships are shaped by physical and social interactions with and within places, but also through the discursive construction of the locations and the inhabitants of them in public opinion. Residents continuously seek out ways to enhance their sense of place, at times as an improvement in the built environment as a means of preventing or ameliorating environmental threats and events. However, often it is enhancement, in an aesthetic sense, which is envisaged as being of equal and sometimes greater importance. Although aesthetic improvements sometimes have the resultant impact of enabling adaptation, this tends to be incidental, rather than purposeful. Despite the importance placed by the urban poor on their sense of place, these subjective determinants and adaptation in the urban environment, remain unrecognised as well as absent from local institutional and policy radars. Overall the research suggests the need for a more comprehensive approach to understanding adaptive capacities. It requires an approach which continues to measure the objective determinants but which also recognises the role of people's relationships to places in converting or failing to convert objective capacity into climate change action and in dictating the type activities that are valued and prioritised by urban poor residents themselves.

La division de l’île d’Hispaniola depuis la colonisation européenne a laissé des traces qui perdurent dans les conflits sociopolitiques, culturels et économiques actuels entre la République d’Haïti et la République Dominicaine. Cette étude qui se fonde notamment sur les théories de l’éducation et une approche décoloniale questionne les contextes historiques, socio-politiques et théoriques des systèmes éducatifs en République d’Haïti et en République Dominicaine en vue de comprendre la construction du rejet de l’Autre haïtien ou de l’Autre dominicain entre ces deux Nations, présentes pourtant sur une seule et même île. Il ressort que les écoles haïtiennes et dominicaines, lieux de socialisation des hommes et des femmes, sont aussi des lieux d’exclusion sociale et de marginalisation.Haïti et la République Dominicaine, « deux sœurs siamoises » ayant au départ une histoire commune, se retrouvent aujourd’hui dos-à-dos en raison de conflits quotidiens depuis l’émergence de leurs identités nationales en 1804 et 1844. C’est pourquoi il est important de mieux comprendre la construction de ces identités et les nationalismes attenants afin d’appréhender le poids de ces conflits identitaires dans les dérapages actuels. Nous avons alors choisi d’analyser en une étude comparative la représentation de l’Autre haïtien et de l’Autre dominicain à partir des manuels scolaires d’Histoire et de Géographie, du collège au lycée, car ces manuels scolaires sont des vecteurs essentiels d’instruction et de socialisation destinés à former les futurs citoyens de l’île.En analysant les programmes officiels depuis 2000 en République d’Haïti et en République Dominicaine, entre orientations officielles et réalités, et en les rapportant aux manuels scolaires d’Histoire et de Géographie du collège au lycée, il s’agit de démontrer combien les objectifs spécifiques des ministères éducatifs haïtien et dominicain pour la formation des hommes et des femmes haïtiens et dominicains d’aujourd’hui demeurent fondés sur un système colonial et sur un choix d’idéologies d’opposition vis-à-vis de l’Autre et au service des idéologies dominantes.Nous notons toutefois une différence d’orientation entre les manuels scolaires d’Histoire et de Géographie d’Haïti et de la République Dominicaine étant donné que les manuels scolaires haïtiens choisissent le silence par rapport à la République Dominicaine et même en ce qui concerne leur histoire récente. Lorsqu’Haïti omet sciemment la République Dominicaine dans ses manuels scolaires, l’Autre dominicain est nié et cela ne peut faciliter un vivre-ensemble.Les manuels dominicains traitent, quant à eux, d’Haïti, mais la représentation de la République d’Haïti dans ces manuels scolaires privilégie les périodes passées et ces représentations tendent parfois à une certaine exagération négative envers l’Autre haïtien.En conséquence, cette étude montre que les États haïtien et dominicain ont fait et continuent de faire des choix de constructions identitaires en opposition l’un par rapport à l’autre rendant ainsi difficile une réunion apaisée sur une seule et même île.Les manuels scolaires ne sont-ils pourtant pas des leviers d’avenir (utopique ?) pour un vivre-ensemble qui permettrait d’aider à dépasser les marginalisations réelles de ces deux pays dont les peuples souffrent de misère économique et souvent intellectuelle du fait d’une École défaillante ?
The division of the island of Hispaniola since European colonization has left traces that persist through the current socio-political, cultural and economic conflicts between the Republic of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Based particularly on the theories of education and a decolonial approach, this study questions the historical, socio-political and theoretical contexts of the Haitian and Dominican education systems in order to understand the construction of the rejection of the Haitian Other or the Dominican Other between these two Nations, yet present on one and the same island. For, it appears that Haitian and Dominican schools, places of socialization of men and women, are also places of social exclusion and marginalization.Haiti and the Dominican Republic, « two Siamese sisters » having originally a common history, are now back-to-back because of the daily conflicts that have existed since the formation of their respective national identities in 1804 and 1844. This is why it is important to better understand the construction of these identities and the accompanying nationalisms in order to understand the weight of these identity conflicts in current slippages. Thus, we have decided to rely on a comparative study for analyzing the representation of the Haitian Other and the Dominican Other in their respective fundamental level and secondary school ‘s textbooks of History and Geography. For, these textbooks are essential vectors of instruction and socialization intended to train the future citizens of the island.By analyzing the Haitian and Dominican official programs from 2000 on, between official orientations and realities, and relating them to the textbooks of History and Geography used for fundamental level and secondary school, it is a question of demonstrating that for the training of Haitian and Dominican men and women today, how much the objectives of the Haitian and Dominican educational ministries remain based on a colonial system and a choice of opposition ideologies vis-à-vis the Other and at the service of dominant ideologies.However, we have noticed a difference of orientation between Haiti’s History and Geography textbooks and the Dominican Republic’s ones. Those of Haiti are characterized by a silence on issues related to the Dominican Republic, including its recent history. Therefore, when Haiti knowingly omits the Dominican Republic in its textbooks, it implies that the Dominican Other is denied. That does not work in favor of living together. Actually, the Dominican textbooks deal with Haiti. But the presentation they make of the Republic of Haiti and its history sometimes tends to negative exaggeration towards the Haitian Other.As a result, this study shows that the Haitian and Dominican states have made and continue to make choices of identity constructions in opposition to one another, which makes it difficult to have a peaceful reunion on one and the same island. Yet, are textbooks not levers of the future (utopian?) for a living-together which would help overcome the real marginalization of these two countries whose population share suffering from economic and often intellectual misery because of a failing education?
La división de la isla de La Española desde la colonización europea ha dejado huellas que siguen presentes en los actuales conflictos sociopolíticos, culturales y económicos entre la República de Haití y la República Dominicana. Este estudio, que se vale en particular de las teorías de la educación y de un enfoque descolonial, cuestiona los contextos históricos, sociopolíticos y teóricos de los sistemas educativos de la República de Haití y la República Dominicana, con el objetivo de comprender la construcción del rechazo del Otro haitiano o del Otro dominicano entre estados o naciones que comparten una misma isla. Parecen por lo tanto las escuelas haitianas y dominicanas, lugares de socialización de hombres y mujeres, ser también lugares de exclusión social y marginación.Haití y la República Dominicana, « dos hermanas siamesas » que inicialmente tenían una historia común, hoy se dan la espalda debido a los conflictos cotidianos desde la formación de sus identidades nacionales en 1804 y 1844. Por consiguiente, resulta importante comprender mejor la construcción de estas identidades y los nacionalismos para entender el peso de dichos conflictos de identidad en los desaciertos o las incongruencias actuales. Dado que los manuales escolares son vectores esenciales de instrucción y socialización destinados a capacitar a los futuros ciudadanos de dos naciones y por ende de la isla, elegimos analizar, a través de un estudio comparativo, la representación del Otro haitiano y del Otro dominicano en esos libros de Historia y Geografía, desde el nivel fundamental o medio (el colegio) y la enseñanza de secundaria (el liceo).Al analizar los programas oficiales de enseñanza de Historia y Geografía, a partir del año 2000, en ambas naciones, y relacionarlos con los manuales tanto del colegio como del liceo, entre orientaciones oficiales y realidades, se trata de demostrar que en ambos países los objetivos específicos de sus respectivos ministerios de educación, encargados de la formación de hombres y mujeres ciudadanos haitianos y dominicanos de hoy, se fundamentan en un sistema colonial y en la elección de ideologías de oposición respecto al Otro, que están al servicio de las ideologías de la élite.Sin embargo, notamos una diferencia de orientación entre los libros de Historia y Geografía de Haití y los de la República Dominicana. Los manuales haitianos eligen el silencio en cuanto a la República Dominicana e incluso en cuanto a su historia reciente. Cuando Haití omite a sabiendas a la República Dominicana en sus libros de texto, se niega al Otro dominicano, lo que no facilita la convivencia entre ambas naciones. En cuanto a los manuales dominicanos, acerca de la representación de la República de Haití se da prioridad a la enseñanza de períodos históricos pasados en los que muchas veces se tienden a cierta exageración negativa hacia el Otro haitiano.Así pues, este estudio muestra que los estados haitiano y dominicano han tomado y siguen tomando decisiones identitarias que inducen a oponerse entre sí, lo que dificulta la cohabitación pacífica entre ambos estados reunidos en una misma isla.¿No tendrán los manuales escolares que facilitar un futuro (utópico) para una convivencia que permita superar la marginación real de dos naciones cuyos pueblos sufren de miseria económica y a menudo intelectual debido a la existencia de una escuela deficiente?

When writing about Junot Díaz’s Drown (1996) Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007) and This is How You Lose Her (2012), I focus on the iterations of masculinity depicted and embodied by Yunior de las Casas, the primary narrator of this collection. I explore the links between diaspora, hybridity, masculinity, and trauma, arguing that both socio-historical and personal traumatic experience reverberates through the psyches and bodies of Díaz’s characters. I demonstrate the relationship between Yunior’s navigation of the United States and the Dominican Republic and his ever-shifting sexuality, self-presentation, and gender identity. The physical and discursive spaces he must traverse contain multiple, contradictory narratives about how to be a man; within Díaz’s collection, we witness Yunior’s coming-to-terms with the way that these stories of masculinity are rendered dysfunctional and incoherent. Accordingly, Yunior uses the hegemonic discourses of masculinity as a way to cloak his own queer difference, ambivalently interacting and identifying with characters marked as Other. In this analysis, I read Yunior’s masculinity as reactionary to the expectations of Domincan society, and also explore how he shaped by migration, trauma, and unspeakable queer desire.

En République dominicaine, au-delà des palmiers, du soleil brûlant de la Caraïbe et des plages de sable blanc se cache dans l’obscurité des bateyes construits en périphérie des grandes et riches compagnies sucrières une réalité sociale que peu connaissent pour des raisons évidentes. Les retombées de la migration haïtienne en République dominicaine ont, à plusieurs reprises, été condamnées par la communauté internationale, notamment par les organisations non-gouvernementales qui œuvrent pour la protection des droits humains. En dépit du fait qu’il y a entre Haïti et la République dominicaine une histoire coloniale qui jusqu’à présent se manifeste explicitement dans l’administration politique, la culture et la composition ethnique des deux pays, la société dominicaine s’est toujours considérée à part, distincte de la société haïtienne. À la base de toute différentiation politique, culturelle et ethnique, c’est une question de nation et de nationalisme qui se pose; l’émergence de toute nation étant conditionnelle à sa singularité et à une adhésion collective à cette singularité. Pour mettre à l’épreuve cette perspective théorique et pour évaluer l’incidence de la migration haïtienne sur le processus de définition identitaire de la République dominicaine, nous avons effectué une analyse critique de discours à partir de documents législatifs, littéraires et scolaires. Ce que nous avons pu découvrir dans notre interprétation qualitative, c’est que le conservatisme institutionnel et l’évangélisation de l’identité nationale dominicaine au niveau discursif maintiennent la République dominicaine dans un état permanent d’incertitude identitaire, l’empêchant d’accéder pleinement au statut de nation.

Depuis le 19ème siècle, il existe au sein de «l'intelligentsia» dominicaine un discours hispanophile sur la formation ethno-raciale du peuple dominicain qui préte~ limiter sinon éliminer la composante négro-africaine de l'identité nationale. Ce discours s'est exacerbé sous la dictature de Trujillo qui, avec l'aide de certains intellectuels, élabora des théories ouvertement racistes et xénophobes visant ladite composante noire de la République Dominicaine ainsi que les immigrants haïtiens. Au nombre de ces intellectuels, deux ont joué un rôle capital: Joaquin Balaguer et Manuel A. Peüa Batlle. Issus de courants de pensées et d'expériences politiques différentes, ils étaient unis par leur forte conviction de la menace que le peuple haïtien constituait pour le peuple dominicain et l'urgente nécessité de revendiquer les racines hispaniques au détriment du legs africain. Le but de cette thèsa été d'étudier le discours identitaire promu pendant la dictature trujilliste et le rôle que Balaguer et de Pefia Batlle ont exercé dans sa conception. Nous nous sommes efforcée aussi de présenter le contexte historico-social dans lequel a été élaboré ce discours identitaire, son évolution et son impact dans la société dominicaine actuelle. De même nous avons analysé le comportement social des Dominicains dans l'expression de leur identité vis-à-vis d'eux-mêmes et des populations des îles de la Caraibe
From the XIX century onwards, a large sector of the Dominican intelligentsia has developed a pro-hispanie discourse with regard to the ethnie-racial formation of the Dominican people that has established a dichotomy between the black African elements and national identity. This discourse was strengthened during Rafael Leonidas Trujillo dictatorship. The two most important intellectuals of this period were: Manuel Arturo Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer. Although if they came from different political and philosophical spheres, they were drawn together by their strong convictions on the alleged threat embodied by Haitian immigrants and the urgency of developing national projects that would vindicate the roi of the Spanish roots in the formation of the national identity. This study focuses on the nationalist ideology making during Trujillo dictatorship and the part played bv Pefia Batlle and Joaquin Balaguer in its conception

Cette étude s'accentue sur la migration dominicaine à New York City ; particulièrement dans le quartier de Washington Heights à Manhattan ou se trouve la majeure concentration d'immigrants. Cette recherche ethnographique s'intéresse aux caractéristiques de la création de la communauté migrante, la formation des associations binationales ; les différents mécanismes d'ajustement dans le secteur urbain et la survie des immigrants dans un environnement hostile. Nous avons pu découvrir que le processus migratoire est très dynamique du fait que les relations familiales et sociales s'intensifient entre les Dominicains. La structure de la famille paysanne et les conditions de vie sont aussi explorées en vertu du fait que la paysannerie a joué un rôle prépondérant dans le déplacement. Cependant; les raisons de l'exode sont souvent liées aux facteurs économiques. Mais il existe aussi une composante sociale très forte conduisant au développement des réseaux et d'une culture migratoire des familles pour assurer leur succès dans plusieurs domaines en terre étrangère. Ils envoient des remises sociales et monétaires et font des investissements au pays d'origine pour gagner du respect parmi leurs concitoyens. Cette étude met en évidence les valeurs sociales et culturelles des immigrants ; elle révèle leur vie transnationale et le futur de leur communauté à New York City
This study focuses upon Dominican migration in New York City , especially the area of Washington Heights where the majority of the migrants are concentrated; This research stresses the essential features of the creation of the Dominican Community in this area, the formation of multiple bi-national associations, the different mechanisms of adjustment to the urban area and the elements of social cohesion and capital that contribute to the progress of small enterprises and the survival of the immigrants in a hostile environment. We acknowledge that the migratory process has been very dynamic because of the intensity of family and social relations among Dominicans home and abroad; The peasant family structure and conditions have been also explored by virtue of the fact that it has played a primary role in determining this type of migration; However; the reasons for Dominican exodus is usually based upon economics; but we have observed that there is a strong social factor that drives the Dominicans to leave their country. They send back home social and economic remittances and make investments to gain respect and recognition in their community of origin. We discover that the social dimension of their displacement is interconnected with the economic component. This thesis lays out the political and social and cultural values of the Dominican immigrants; it reveals their transmigration and put in perspective the future of their community in New York City

[ES] Esta investigación recoge distintos puntos de vista y percepciones en torno a los impedimentos de comunicación de la acción cultural, en especial entre personas que viven en pobreza, en la República Dominicana. La misma se basa en un extenso análisis bibliográfico y de opinión y contó con la participación de más de 1,800 internautas, de más de 300 estudiantes de bachillerato, de casi una veintena de expertos y de cerca de una decena de residentes rurales para presentar una correlación entre cultura, desarrollo, (des)igualdad y comunicación. Se pretende contextualizar la realidad de la República Dominicana en materia de comunicación, acción y educación cultural, así como la percepción que tiene el dominicano en torno a las desigualdades en el campo cultural. En el proceso se identificaron oportunidades de mejora e ideas para maximizar la difusión de acciones culturales.
[CA] Esta investigación arreplega distints punts de vista i percepcions entorn dels impediments de comunicació de l'acció cultural, en especial entre persones que viuen en pobresa, en la República Dominicana. La mateixa es basa en una extensa anàlisi bibliogràfica i d'opinió i va comptar amb la participació de més de 1,800 internautes, de més de 300 estudiants de batxillerat, de quasi una vintena d'experts i de prop d'una desena de residents rurals per a presentar una correlació entre cultura, desenrotllament, (dónes) igualtat i comunicació. Es pretén contextualitzar la realitat de la República Dominicana en matèria de comunicació, acció i educació cultural, així com la percepció que té el dominicà entorn de les desigualtats en el camp cultural. En el procés es van identificar oportunitats de millora i idees per a maximitzar la difusió d'accions culturals.
[EN] This research collects different points of view and perceptions about the communication impediments of the cultural action, especially among people living in poverty, in the Dominican Republic. It is based on an extensive bibliographical and opinion analysis and a series of interactions involving more than 1,800 Internet users, more than 300 high school students, almost twenty experts and about ten rural residents to present a correlation between culture, development, (dis)equality and communication. The aim is to contextualize the reality of the Dominican Republic in terms of communication, cultural action and education, as well as the perception that the Dominican individuals have, regarding the inequalities in the cultural field. Throughout this process, opportunities for improvement and ideas for maximizing the dissemination of cultural actions were identified.
Martinez Sosa, MI. (2020). Comunicación de la cultura en la República Dominicana, impedimentos para la difusión y su relación con la pobreza [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/156036
TESIS

Ethnic Identity under Inka Rule: An Archaeological and Ethnohistoric Assessment of the Effects of the Inka State on the Canas Ethnic GroupCieza de Leon describes how after agreeing to an amnesty with Inka Viracocha the Canas ethnic group became major allies of the Inka and relocated their settlements away from the hill tops and down onto the valley floor. In this paper we will consider these claims in the light of archaeological evidence for changes and continuities within the Canas territory during the Late Intermediate and Inka periods. This will be primarily based upon the results of survey, architectural analysis, excavations and artifact studies within a 520 km2 survey area around the site of Cacha/Raqchi. We will describe the very limited effect which inclusion within the Inka Empire seems to have had on local settlement organization as well as examing the administrative apparatus that the Inka state located within the Canas territory. We will evaluate what this archaeological evidence tells us about how the Inka treated their allies and to what degree local ethnic identity can be recognized before, during, and following incorporation into the Inka Empire. Finally, we will contrast the Canas situation with the factors that led to the development of an "Inka" identity in the Cuzco region prior to the emergence of the Inka state.
Cieza de León describe como luego de acordar una amnistía con el Inka Viracocha, el grupo étnico Canas se convirtió en aliado principal de los inkas y reubicó sus asentamientos lejos de la cumbre de los cerros y, más bien, se asentaron en el fondo de los valles. En el presente trabajo se consideran estas afirmaciones a la luz de las evidencias arqueológicas de cambios y continuidades dentro del territorio canas durante el Periodo Intermedio Tardío y el Periodo Inca. Por ello se basa primeramente en los resultados de análisis de datos de prospección, análisis arquitectónicos, excavaciones y estudios de los artefactos en un área prospectada de 520 km2 alrededor del sitio de Cacha/Raqchi. Se describe el efecto muy limitado que la incorporación dentro del imperio parece haber tenido en el patrón de asentamiento local, así como se examina el aparato administrativo que el estado estableció dentro del territorio canas. Se evalúa lo que estas evidencias arqueológicas aportan acerca de cómo los inkas trataron a sus aliados y en que grado se puede reconocer la identidad étnica local antes, durante y después de su incorporación dentro del Imperio Inka. Finalmente, se contrasta la situación de los canas con los factores que condujeron al desarrollo de la identidad "inka" en la región del Cuzco antes del surgimiento del Estado Inka.

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O presente trabalho problematiza a emergência da identidade protestante construída no Brasil pelo missionário Robert Kalley a partir de 1855. Desenvolvemos objetivos analíticos e conceituais construindo uma análise bibliográfica e documental da vida e obra de Robert Kalley e do Kalleyanismo de um modo geral, trilhando um caminho metodológico que busca fazer uma leitura desta identidade através da análise das táticas e astúcias que têm caracterizado o protestantismo no Brasil, particularmente na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre os anos de 1855 e 1876, fomentando problematizações para estes processos identitários, e acerca das práticas de consumo nos espaços protestantes, responsáveis também pela elaboração de novas identidades religiosas. Um documento que emergiu no século XIX e teve grande importância como rastro identitário na elaboração desta dissertação foi a "Breve Exposição das Doutrinas Fundamentais do Cristianismo". É um documento rico de possibilidades interpretativas, favorecendo a leitura de valores que podem nos dar a ler os valores que contribuíram para a construção da identidade protestante kalleyana naquele período. Importantes conceitos foram trazidos para este diálogo como o de leitura, apropriação e representação a partir de teóricos da historia cultural. Buscou-se problematizar as identidades representadas. Dirigiu-se o olhar para as contribuições culturais e educacionais que Kalley trouxe para o Brasil, especialmente através da Escola Bíblica, uma estratégia de mostrar a literatura da salvação mediante o saber bíblico escolar.
The work problematize the emergence of Protestant identity built by Kalley from 1855. We develop conceptual and analytical objectives constructing a bibliographic and documentary analysis of the life and work of Robert Kalley and Kalleyanismo in General, treading a path that seeks to capture this methodological identity through the analysis of tactics, gimmicks that have characterised the Protestantism in Brazil, particularly in the city of Rio de Janeiro, between the years 1855 and 1876 by problematizing for these processes in terms of identity, and about consumer practices in Protestant áreas, responsible for the preparation of new religious identities. A document that emerged in the 19th century had great importance as a trail of identity in the making of this dissertation was "Brief exposure of the fundamental doctrines of Christianity". It is a rich document of interpretative possibilities of writings that can give us the read values that have contributed to the building of Protestant identity Kalleyana in that period. Important concepts were brought to this dialog as the reading, ownership and representation submitted by theorists of cultural history. Sought problematizing the impersonated identities. Drove my look at educational and cultural contributions that brought to the Brazil Kalley, especially through the Bible School, a strategy to show the literature of salvation through Biblical knowledge.

Through close readings of various texts that deal with issues of border, identity and the relationship between Haiti and Dominican Republic as well as with the flow of immigrants between Dominican Republic and the United States, this study introduce the trope of the “rayano” (the one that was born, lives or comes from the border) as an apt metaphor to explain the identity of Dominicans in the twenty-first century — an identity that should be viewed as one born out of movements, translations and interstices. The primary texts that this study will focus on will cover the Haitian-Dominican and Dominican-American experiences.  In terms of the former, El Masacre se pasa a pie (1973) by Freddy Prestol Castillo and The Farming of Bones (1998) by Edwidge Danticat are useful for analyzing the defining moment of the relationship between Haiti and Dominican Republic in the twentieth century: the 1937 border massacre of Haitians and Dominican-Haitians ordered by Dominican dictator Rafael L. Trujillo. In the case of the Dominican-American relationship, Dominicanish (2000) by Josefina Báez, and The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao (2007) by Junot Díaz will be the texts through which it will be analyzed the Dominican diaspora and its relationship with the two defining spaces of Dominicanness in the twenty-first century: Santo Domingo and New York City. In addition to these texts, this study also will engage with the theoretical production regarding the triangular relationship between Dominican Republic, Haiti and the United States through an analysis of the different metaphors used by Lucía M. Suárez in The Tears of Hispaniola: Haitian and Dominican Diaspora Memory, Eugenio Matibag in Haitian-Dominican Counterpoint: Nation, State and Race in Hispaniola, and Michele Wucker in Why the Cocks Fight: Dominicans, Haitians, and the Struggle for Hispaniola.

The Canadian astrophysics program rapidly developed between 1903 and 1914, leading to the wartime construction of what was hoped to be the world’s largest research telescope. The institution opened in Victoria British Columbia in 1918 with fanfare. Throughout the 1920s, the new Dominion Astrophysical Observatory (DAO) contributed to discoveries on the frontiers of astrophysics, while educating residents of Victoria about astronomy. In a history often overshadowed by the advent of cosmology in the 1920s, the discoveries of Victoria’s astronomers produced lasting insight into the size and scale of our own galaxy. Accordingly, historians of astronomy have probed the scientific accomplishments of Canadian astronomers, devoting relatively little attention to the regional importance of these scientific facilities. The Victoria observatory itself developed into a widely visited tourism destination as staff astronomers regularly engaged in public education initiatives. This study utilizes newspaper sources, scientific papers, and contemporary publications in assessing the cultural relationship between the DAO, Victorians, and Canadians, while examining the significance of the scientific research conducted with the world’s second largest telescope. In doing so it engages themes of public interest in the achievements of the institution, and Victoria’s civic identity as an emerging tourism destination.
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Diploma thesis "The Identity Construction of Teenage Girls in Internet Media and Magazines" deals with media texts which are being addressed to teenage girls; with a special attention to three significant media types of this area of concern. These are represented by the magazine Bravo Girl!, the blog dominikamyslivcova.cz and the website jenproholky.cz. The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze these texts in detail; e.g. in the areas which are characteristic for them and could represent an element of high importance in the process of constructing the living reality of their recipients. The thesis also assumes how media could participate on their identity construction; their recognized values, opinions, thinking and lifestyle. Not only the thesis is concerned with the production of these specific texts and their features, it also focuses on the character of the interaction these media initiate towards the audience. It also tends to describe the receptive process the members of audience perform and how they react back, towards the media. To fulfill this goal, the pragmalinguistic analysis of the language features and communication strategies was used. Also the semiotic analysis was chosen, to the description of the structures of meaning, myths and ideologies within the texts. As a conclusion,...