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1
Stanzani, Livia Maria Lopes. "A preditibilidade dos métodos de apresentação das despesas na DRE". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96133/tde-20092017-153141/.
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O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se a apresentação das despesas por função na DRE proporciona menor capacidade preditiva aos usuários, especialmente aos analistas de mercado, comparada à apresentação das despesas por natureza. O CPC 26 permite duas formas de apresentação das despesas na DRE, função ou natureza, o que é caracterizado como uma escolha contábil de apresentação. No entanto, se a empresa optar pela divulgação por função, deve apresentar, também, a informação por natureza em nota explicativa, dado que essa informação apresenta capacidade preditiva, segundo o IASB. No Brasil, a lei 6.404/76 induz a maioria das empresas a divulgar as despesas por função, o que torna a informação por natureza disponível, também, para a maioria das companhias. Existem estudos que analisam como os critérios de mensuração e reconhecimento afetam a capacidade preditiva da informação divulgada. Outros trabalhos sugerem que as escolhas contábeis de reconhecimento e mensuração podem interferir na acurácia das projeções dos analistas de mercado. Entretanto, a forma como a escolha de apresentação dos itens na DRE interfere na capacidade preditiva dos usuários, especialmente para os analistas de mercado, não está suficientemente clara na literatura. Mais especificamente com relação à forma de apresentação das despesas, não se sabe se a escolha de um método em detrimento de outro pode impactar a qualidade da informação para o usuário. Então, foram analisadas 54 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, pertencentes a seis setores da BOVESPA, durante um período de cinco anos, por meio da utilização de análise de dados em painel. De um modo geral, os resultados sugerem que a informação por natureza é mais preditiva para o usuário e que os analistas podem errar menos em suas projeções de resultado com o uso da informação sobre despesas apresentada por natureza, dado que esta informação é disponibilizada em nota explicativa nos demonstrativos contábeis das companhias brasileiras. Assim, o estudo traz evidências de que a escolha da forma de apresentação das despesas na DRE não é indiferente para o usuário, já que pode afetar a sua capacidade de predizer fluxos de caixa futuros. Além disso, como contribuição prática, espera-se mostrar que os analistas podem melhorar a acurácia de suas previsões ao utilizarem o método de apresentação das despesas por natureza para realizar suas projeções, especialmente quando analisam empresas com alto nível de custos fixos.The aim of this study is to verify if the presentation of the expenses by function in the income statement provides less predictability to the users, especially to the market analysts, compared to the presentation of expenses by nature. CPC 26 allows two forms of presentation of expenses at the income statement, by function and by nature, what is characterized as an accounting choice of presentation. However, if the company opts for disclosure by function, it must also present information by nature in an explanatory note, given that this information presents predictive capacity, according to the IASB. In Brazil, the Law No. 6.404 /76 induces most of companies to disclose expenses by function, which makes the information by nature also available for most companies. Studies had already analyzed how measurement and recognition criteria affect a predictive capacity of the information disclosed. Other works suggest that accounting recognition and measurement choices may interfere in analysts\' forecasts. However, the way in which the choice of presentation of items in the income statement interferes in the predictive capacity of users, especially for market analysts, is not sufficiently clear in the literature. More specifically, regarding to expenses presentation, it is not known whether the choice of one method over another can generate differences for the predictive capacity of the user. It was analyzed a sample of 54 Brazilian publicly companies belonging to six sectors of BOVESPA over a five-year period, using panel data analysis. Overall, the results suggest that information by nature is more predictive for the user and that analysts can improve the accuracy of their forecasts using the information of expenses presented by nature, since this information is available in an explanatory note in the financial statements of Brazilian companies. Thus, the study provides evidence that the choice of expenses presentation at the income statement is important to the user, as it may affect their ability to predict future cash flows. Moreover, as a practical contribution, this study shows that analysts can improve the accuracy of their forecasts by using the method of presenting expenses by nature to carry out their projections, especially when analyzing companies with high fixed costs.
2
Böhm, Ramona. "Kombination der Rekombinationssysteme Cre/loxP und Dre/rox für den genetischen rescue in knockout-Mausmodellen am Beispiel der mitochondrialen Thioredoxinreduktase". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-156600.
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Die mitochondriale Thioredoxinreduktase (Txnrd2) stellt als ubiquitär exprimiertes Selenoprotein ein wichtiges redox-aktives Enzymsystem zum Schutz vor oxidativem Stress dar. In einem Txnrd2-defizienten Mausmodell stellte sich eine embryonale Letalität am Tag E13.0 heraus. Hingegen zeigte sich in einem pankreasspezifischen Txnrd2-knockout ab der vierten Woche post partum eine spontan entstehende Pankreaserkrankung, die sich innerhalb einen Jahres zu einer fibrotischen exokrinen Pankreashypotrophie entwickelte. Dieses pankreasspezifische Modell, das durch Kreuzung einer Ptf1a-Cre transgenen Linie mit einer Mauslinie, deren Txnrd2 von loxP Sequenzen flankiert ist, generiert wurde, wird derzeit umfassend untersucht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgte die Generierung und Testung zweier Targetingvektoren zur Etablierung eines Mausmodells, das die Überexpression der murinen Txnrd2 in unterschiedlichen Organsystemen erlaubt. Dies geschieht im Hinblick auf die Generierung eines genetischen rescue des Txnrd2-Phänotyps im bestehenden pankreasspezifischen knockout-Modell zur Klärung der Fragestellung, ob durch das Wiedereinschalten der Txnrd2 Veränderungen oder gar eine Reversibilität des beobachteten Phänotyps möglich sind.
Zur Etablierung des rescue wurde eine konditionale Komplementationsstrategie aus den Rekombinationssystemen Cre/loxP und Dre/rox gewählt. Zwei Targetingvektoren pROSA-roxSTOProx-Txnrd2-IresLacZ und pHprt-CAGGs-loxSTOPlox-DreERT2 wurden kloniert. Durch die Kombination beider Konstrukte mit dem zuvor erwähnten pankreasspezifischen knockout katalysiert Cre die Rekombination des gefloxten Txnrd2-Allels sowie der loxSTOPlox-Kassette vor DreERT2 im Pankreas während der Embryonalentwicklung. So erfolgt zeitgleich mit der knockout-Induktion die DreERT2-Expression. Jedoch erfolgt die DreERT2-Aktivierung erst nach Tamoxifengabe. Das aktivierte Dre rekombiniert die roxSTOProx-Kassette vor der Txnrd2-IresLacZ Sequenz im ROSA26-Lokus und ermöglicht somit die Expression des trangenen Txnrd2 zu jedem beliebigen Zeitpunkt. Nach der erfolgreichen Etablierung beider Targetingvektoren wurden ihre einzelnen Module vor dem Einbringen in die murine Keimbahn in vitro getestet. In Zellkulturexperimenten konnte die Txnrd2-Expression durch Tamoxifen-induziertes Dre bestätigt werden. Der Nachweis der Proteinexpression von transgenem TXNRD2 erfolgte im Western Blot. Nach Bestätigung der Funktionalität beider Konstrukte wurden diese in IDG3.2 ES-Zellen elektroporiert. Für die Integration durch homologe Rekombination wurden die Genloci ROSA26 und Hprt des Mausgenoms gewählt, da bekannt ist, dass diese leicht zugänglich sind und ubiquitär exprimieren. Zur Erhöhung der Rekombinationseffizienz wurden eine gene trap mutagenesis (ROSA26) und eine Komplementationsstrategie (Hprt) verwendet. Anschließend erfolgte die Überprüfung auf korrekte Integration via PCR und quantitativer real-time PCR (ROSA26) bzw. Southern Blot (Hprt). Heterozygot transgene Zellklone der ROSA26-Linie wurden in BDF1-Blastozysten injiziert und diese in pseudogravide CD1-Rezipienten transferiert. Durch Rückkreuzung mit C57BL/6N-Wildtypmäusen wurden die Chimären auf Keimbahntransmission überprüft. Daraus hervorgegangene heterozygot transgene F1-Nachkommen wurden mit einer sogenannten Dre-deleter Mauslinie, die ubiquitär die Dre-Rekombinase exprimiert, verpaart. Dabei konnte bei E14.5 alten Embryonen eine ubiquitäre Expression von LacZ nachgewiesen werden, was die in vivo Funktionalität der generierten pROSA-roxSTOProx-Txnrd2-IresLacZ-Linie bestätigte. Die Generierung von Hprt-Chimären steht noch aus.
Das erstellte Modell bietet die Möglichkeit des genetischen rescue von einem Txnrd2-knockout durch die Expression von transgenem Txnrd2. Dabei ist dieses System nicht auf die Anwendung im Pankreas beschränkt und durch den variablen Einsatz verschiedener gewebsspezifischer Cre-transgener Linien auf unterschiedliche Organsysteme übertragbar. Darüber hinaus kann dieses Transgenmodell aber auch auf alle anderen konditionalen knockout-Systeme unter dem Einfluß eines gewebsspezifischen Promotors angewandt werden. Die Anwendung der Hprt-Mauslinie bleibt dabei unverändert, lediglich eine Umklonierung des pROSA-roxSTOProx-Txnrd2-IresLacZ Targetingvektors durch den Austausch der mitochondrialen Thioredoxinreduktase mit dem Gen von Interesse und die Erzeugung der entsprechenden transgenen Mauslinie ist dafür erforderlich. Durch die Kombination der Rekombinationssysteme FLP/Frt, Cre/loxP und Dre/rox ließen sich zusätzlich Studien erstellen, bei denen unterschiedliche Gene gleichzeitig oder nacheinander in einem gewebsspezifischen knockout induziert werden könnten. Durch diese Strategien wäre der Einfluss der Genexpression auf einen knockout-Phänotyp in verschiedenen Organsystemen und die eventuell auftretende Potenzierung der Expressionswirkung zweier verschiedener Gene auf diesen untersuchbar.
Diese Arbeit ergänzt die “toolbox” für die genetische Modellierung von Krankheitsmodellen in der Maus um ein zusätzliches sehr nützliches Werkzeug.The mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd2) is an ubiquitously expressed selenoprotein and an important oxidoreductase regulating oxidative stress. Ubiquitous deletion of Txnrd2 turned out to be embryonic lethal at day E13.0, while its pancreas-specific knockout caused spontaneous pancreas disease starting at week four post partum that developed into an exocrine fibrotic pancreas hypotrophy within one year. This pancreas-specific model, generated by breeding a Ptf1a-Cre transgenic line and a mouse line in which Txnrd2 is flanked by loxP sites is thoroughly examined at the moment. The present study aimed at the generation and testing of two targeting vectors for the establishment of a mouse model that allows the overexpression of the murine Txnrd2 in different organ systems. This took place in view of the generation of a genetic rescue of the Txnrd2 phenotype within the existing pancreas-specific knockout model, in order to clarify the question if it is possible to observe changes or the reversibility of the phenotype by Txnrd2-knockin. For the establishment of the rescue a conditional complementation strategy using the recombination systems Cre/loxP and Dre/rox was chosen. Two targeting constructs pROSA-roxSTOProx-Txnrd2-IresLacZ and pHprt-CAGGs-loxSTOPlox-DreERT2 were cloned. When combining those two constructs within the above mentioned pancreas-specific knockout, Cre catalyzes the recombination of the floxed Txnrd2 allele and at the same time of the loxSTOPlox cassette in front of DreERT2 in the pancreas during embryonic development. So that at the same time when the knockout is induced, DreERT2 is also expressed. However DreERT2 is only activated after Tamoxifen administration. The activated Dre recombines the roxSTOProx-cassette in front of the Txnrd2-IresLacZ sequence within the ROSA26 locus and thus enables the expression of transgenic Txnrd2 at a given time point. After the successful generation of both targeting vectors their singular modules were tested in vitro before integrating them into the murine germline. In cell culture experiments Txnrd2-expression by Tamoxifen-induced Dre was confirmed. Protein expression of transgenic TXNRD2 at the same time was proven in Western Blot. As the full functionality of both constructs was confirmed they were electroporated in IDG3.2 ES cells. For the following integration by homologous recombination the gene loci ROSA26 and Hprt of the mouse genome were chosen, as it is well-known that they can be targeted with high efficiency and that they are expressed ubiquitously. In order to increase the recombination efficiency a gene trap mutagenesis (ROSA26) and a complementation strategy (Hprt) were used. Following this, screening for correct integration was done by PCR and quantitative real-time PCR (ROSA26) or alternatively by Southern Blot (Hprt). Heterozygous transgenic cell clones of the ROSA26 line were injected into BDF1-blastocysts and transferred in pseudopregnant CD1 recipients. By backcrossing with C57BL/6N wild-type mice chimeras were tested for germline transmission. The resulting heterozygous transgenic F1 offspring was crossed with a so called Dre-deleter mouse ubiquitously expressing Dre-recombinase. Thereby the ubiquitous expression of LacZ was proven in E14.5 old embryos which confirmed the in vivo functionality of the generated pROSA-roxSTOProx-Txnrd2-IresLacZ-line. The generation of Hprt chimeras remains to be done. This model offers the opportunity of the genetic rescue of a Txnrd2-knockout by expressing the transgenic Txnrd2. This system is not restricted to the pancreas, as different organ systems can be targeted by the variable application of diverse tissue specific Cre-transgenic lines. Furthermore the transgenic model can be used for all other conditional knockout-systems under the influence of any tissue specific promoter. The application of the Hprt mouse line remains unchanged, all that has to be done is the exchange of the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase by the gene of interest via cloning and the generation of the respective mouse line. The combination of the recombination systems FLP/Frt, Cre/loxP and Dre/rox enables further studies in which different genes can be induced at the same time or one by one in a tissue-specific knockout. This strategy enables to investigate the influence of gene expression on a knockout phenotype in different organ systems and also the possibly occurring potentiation of the expression of two different genes. This thesis adds one further very useful tool to the toolbox for genetic modeling of murine disease models.
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Auriemma, Fulvio. "Particle transport in Reversed Field Pinch plasmas". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425154.
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This thesis is aimed at studying the transport of particles
in magnetically confined thermonuclear plasma.
The understanding of the transport properties in
devices for fusion plasmas is one of the key factor to keep the
correct operating conditions in a future fusion reactor.
Indeed one of the open issues in magnetic fusion studies,
which prevents the realization of an efficient thermonuclear
reactor, is the high level of energy and particle transport in
the direction perpendicular to the confining magnetic
field. This phenomenon reduces confinement properties and has to be solved in order to obtain energy from thermonuclear fusion processes.
The amount of particle and energy transport experimentally observed cannot be interpreted in the framework of the classical theory. Understanding the underlying physics of this anomalous transport remains the outstanding critical physical issue in fusion research.
Nowadays it is generally accepted that anomalous transport
is partially due to magnetic chaos owing to the magnetic
perturbations of the equilibrium magnetic fields. The Reversed
Field Pinch (RFP) configuration, with its wide spectrum of
magnetic perturbations, offers a suitable testbed to verify the
theory and to reveal the inner mechanism underlying the transport in fusion magnetic devices. The magnetic perturbations, also dubbed dynamo or MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) modes, sustain the RFP configuration against the resistive magnetic diffusion. Unfortunately they have global negative effects: as already stated they lead to the stochastization of the equilibrium magnetic field over a large part of the plasma core and moreover their phase locking generates an interference pattern that results in a global distortion of the plasma column: the so-called Locked Mode (LM) that has its maximum effect at a well defined toroidal position.
Many techniques have been tested with the aim of reducing the MHD modes. The most effective are the Pulsed Poloidal Current Drive (PPCD) that modifies the internal current profile and the active control of the radial field at the edge by means of a system of active coils, the so-called Virtual Shell (VS).
All the transport mechanisms acting inside the plasma modify the shape of the density profile. The density is measured by means of interferometer: a non-perturbative diagnostic that utilizes electromagnetic waves to probe the plasma.
A part of this thesis will be addressed to determine the global particle diffusion coefficients in relation to the magnetic perturbations amplitude. This analysis has been carried on TPE-RX device: a large RFP machine sited in Tsukuba (Jp). In order to study the global confinement properties, the transport analysis has been carried out analyzing data collected far from to the LM, where its local effect could be neglected.
A transport code (in our case TED, acronym of TEmperature and Density) computes the density profile according to transport parameters supplied by the user. The computed profile is compared to the experimental one, determining the correctness of the model assumed to provide the transport coefficients. With this analysis it has been confirmed that damping the MHD modes amplitude by means of the PPCD
the particle confinement globally improves and the diffusion coefficient is strongly reduced in the central zone of the plasma. This result has been further confirmed by the density behaviour during pellet injection experiments, where the particles released by the pellet in PPCD discharges are better confined inside the plasma than in plasmas with standard magnetic perturbations.
The dynamo modes, as already stated, generate a global distortion of the Last Close Flux Surface (LCFS) of the plasma: the LM. The plasma cross section results shrunk in a wide toroidal region of about 100° and bulging in another region of the similar toroidal range. Moreover an helical distortion of the column with magnetic lines that directly hit the wall is present. The VS system installed at RFX-mod (the largest RFP device in the world with design maximum plasma current of 2 MA, located in Padova) provides an important reduction
of the helical perturbation but is less effective on healing the shrinking of the LCFS, highlighting for the first time its effects on plasma confinement.
The two toroidal regions with different cross section have been characterized studying the density profile, the density fluctuations and the magnetic fluctuations: the shrunk region
shows an improved transport, providing the first experimental evidence of toroidal asymmetric confinement properties in an RFP plasma.
Moreover the RFX-mod pulses are affected by spontaneous reorganization of the internal current and magnetic profiles, the so-called Dynamo Relaxation Events (DREs). The density behaviour and the magnetic topology during the DREs have been analyzed, confirming the different nature of the shrunk and the bulging region of the plasma.
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SILVA, Walkiria Luckwu de Santana. "Análise in silico de uma matriz DRE na seqüência promotora de genes da levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2004. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/6708.
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Previous issue date: 2004A regulação da expressão gênica envolve uma complexa rede de interações entre fatores de transcrição e elementos regulatórios da região promotora dos genes. Dados experimentais disponíveis na literatura demonstram a importância de uma seqüência de 15 pares de base (pb) na regulação do gene SNM1(PSO2), necessário para o processo de reparação de lesões no DNA da levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Estes dados foram fundamentais na elaboração da hipótese acerca da dispersão deste elemento na região promotora de outros genes de reparação e de sua importância na indução destes genes mediada por danos no DNA da levedura. Verificouse a presença desta seqüência de 15 pb nas regiões promotoras de outros genes de reparação de DNA, o que proporcionou a construção de uma matriz de peso relacionando nucleotídeos conservados, transições e transversões nas diferentes posições da seqüência consenso denominada seqüência consenso semelhante ao elemento DRE (Damage Response Element) do gene RAD2. Posteriormente, a análise de homologia foi expandida, utilizando ferramentas computacionais de análise matricial que proporcionam a geração de uma seqüência consenso identificada também em muitos outros genes desta levedura. A grande maioria não estando relacionada com processos de reparação ou metabolismo do DNA. Este elemento semelhante ao elemento regulatório DRE apresentou alta homologia com outras seqüências regulatórias presentes no genoma da levedura. O fato deste elemento estar presente na região promotora de quase um terço dos genes da levedura e de que sua presença parece não estar diretamente relacionada com a indução destes genes por agentes mutagênicos, sugerem fortemente que a seqüência semelhante ao elemento DRE descrita neste trabalho deve atuar como um elemento regulatório envolvido com mecanismos gerais de regulação da expressão gênica em S. cerevisiae
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Böhm, Ramona [Verfasser] y Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Aigner. "Kombination der Rekombinationssysteme Cre/loxP und Dre/rox für den genetischen rescue in knockout-Mausmodellen am Beispiel der mitochondrialen Thioredoxinreduktase / Ramona Böhm. Betreuer: Bernhard Aigner". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035626195/34.
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Fratelli, Minéa Paschoaleto. "Avaliação diagnóstica e prova semestral: a interlocução entre a SME e a DRE para a proposição de ações formativas". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21680.
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The present work investigates how the Avaliação Diagnóstica and the Prova Semestral, elaborated by the São Paulo Municipal Department of Education, are appropriated by the intermediary agency, the Regional Board of Education, in view of two focuses: the educational system in a macro view and the school in a micro vision. From this perspective, the question arises as to how the appropriation and reflections on these evaluations are carried out, such as the work carried out by the DRE through the provision of materials on external evaluation, organization of pedagogical bulletins, training of management teams, teacher training and the work carried out by the school, which indicate what students have learned and what they need to learn. The appropriation of this evaluation instrument and the results of these evaluations becomes essential in a formative evaluation perspective and in the processes of regulation of teaching and learning in order to improve student performance and guarantee learning rights. It is known that there are several advances in the implementation of an evaluation policy, but the qualification of this is directly linked to the systemic character of the action. The approach used in the study is qualitative research. It is based on a bibliographical research - with a documentary study to know the history of the external evaluation system in the country and in the Municipal Department of Education - in addition to the materials produced by the SME and the DRE, for the formations that deal with the processes involved in the evaluation, which underpin this study. In addition, from an exploratory survey, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the DRE training team to understand what reports do from external evaluations and what processes are carried out until decision making because of what students need to learn. The survey revealed coherence between what is produced by the SME and the action that the DRE plans for schools, but indicates the necessary investment in decision making beyond the interpretation of the data
O presente trabalho investiga a maneira como a Avaliação Diagnóstica e a Prova Semestral, elaboradas pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, são apropriadas pelo órgão intermediário, a Diretoria Regional de Educação, tendo em vista dois focos: o sistema educacional, em uma visão macro, e a escola, em uma visão micro. Nessa perspectiva, a indagação parte de como são realizadas a apropriação e as reflexões sobre essas avaliações, como é o trabalho realizado pela DRE a partir da disponibilização de materiais sobre a avaliação externa, organização de boletins pedagógicos, formação das equipes gestoras, formação de professores e acompanhamento do trabalho realizado pela escola, que indicam o que os alunos aprenderam e o que precisam aprender. A apropriação desse instrumento avaliativo e dos resultados dessas avaliações torna-se fundamental numa perspectiva de avaliação formativa e dos processos de regulação do ensino e da aprendizagem, com vistas à melhoria do desempenho dos alunos e à garantia dos direitos de aprendizagem. Sabe-se que há diversos avanços na implementação de uma política de avaliação, mas a qualificação dessa está diretamente ligada ao caráter sistêmico da ação. A abordagem utilizada no estudo é a da pesquisa qualitativa. Parte-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica - com um estudo de natureza documental - para conhecer o histórico do sistema de avaliação externa no país e na Secretaria Municipal de Educação - além dos materiais produzidos pela SME e pela DRE, para as formações que tratam dos processos envolvidos na avaliação, as quais alicerçam este estudo. Além disso, a partir de uma pesquisa exploratória, entrevistas semiestruturadas foram produzidas, com a equipe formativa da DRE, para compreender que relatos fazem das avaliações externas e quais processos são realizados até a tomada de decisão em razão do que os alunos precisam aprender. A pesquisa revelou coerência entre o que é produzido pela SME e a ação que a DRE planeja para as escolas, mas indica o necessário investimento na tomada de decisão para além da interpretação dos dados
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Nylander, Göran. "Günter Grass: Die Einstellung zum vermiedenen Thema in der Novelle "Im Krebsgang"". Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Baltic Languages, Finnish and German, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6909.
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Horn, Moritz [Verfasser], Adam [Akademischer Betreuer] Antebi, Thorsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoppe y Günter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwarz. "Coordination of Developmental Timing and Maturation by the F-box Protein DRE-1/FBXO11 / Moritz Horn. Gutachter: Adam Antebi ; Thorsten Hoppe ; Günter Schwarz". Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1055038620/34.
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Urquiza, Cabanillas Roxana Ernestina. "Análisis de los usos de los resultados de la evaluación censal de estudiantes por parte de especialistas pedagógicos de las DRE y UGEL". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8421.
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Esta investigación se centrará en los implementadores de las reformas educativas: los especialistas pedagógicos. Así, analizaré la gestión educativa a
partir del papel que desempeñan estos actores en relación con el uso de los reportes de resultados de las ECE en la mejora de los aprendizajes escolares
en sus respectivas jurisdicciones. La pregunta central de este trabajo es ¿de qué manera las características de los especialistas pedagógicos de las DRE y
las UGEL vienen influyendo sobre el uso de los resultados de la ECE?Tesis
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Chan, Ally S. Y. "Thermal and electron stimulated chemistry of 1,2-dihalocarbons on Cu(111)". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311770.
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Flores, Macotela Ebacio Neón. "El tipo de liderazgo del director y los estilos de comunicación de los docentes, estudiantes y personal administrativo del Instituto Superior Pedagógico Público Nuestra Señora de Lourdes DRE-Ayacucho, 2010". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1675.
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El liderazgo del director en una institución educativa y las competencias comunicativas entre la comunidad educativa tiene una gran importancia en la relaciones interpersonales, clima institucional positiva y por consiguiente en el éxito institucional.
Esta investigación es de tipo cuantitativa, de nivel descriptivo correlacional, que consiste en el análisis de la relación de las variables del tipo de Liderazgo y estilos de comunicación; el diseño es No Experimental de corte transversal.
De acuerdo con los objetivos de la investigación, se considera que el tipo de liderazgo del Director se relaciona con los estilos de comunicación de los docentes, estudiantes y el personal administrativo.
Según el análisis de correspondencias de las variables, existe una asociación significativa, el estadístico chi-cuadrado (48.086) con valor de significancia menor al 0.05 apoya esta conclusión.
Se concluye que existe una relación significativa, con un grado de correlación de 0,524 y un nivel de significancia menor a 0.05, entre el tipo de liderazgo liberal del director y el estilo de comunicación pasiva.
Como también existe una relación significativa entre el tipo de liderazgo autoritario del director y el estilo de comunicación agresiva en un grado de correlación de 0,671 y un nivel de significancia menor a 0.05.
Finalmente se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre el tipo de liderazgo democrático del director y el estilo de comunicación asertivo en un grado de correlación de 0,558 y un nivel de significancia menor a 0.05.--- The leadreship of the principal in an eduactional institution and the communicative competences between the educational community has a great importance in the interpersonal relationships, positive institutional climate and therefore in the institutional success. This invetigation is of cuantitative type, of co relational descriptive level, that consists on analyzing the relationship betwwen the variables of the kind of leadership and the styles of communication; the design is Non experimental of transversal nature. According to the objectives of the investigation, it is considerated that the kind of leadership of the principal is related to the styles of communication of the teachers, students and of the administrative staff. According to the analyzis of correspondences of the variables, there is a significative association, the statistical chi-cuadrado (40.086) with a value of significance minor to 0.05 supports this conclusion. We conclude tha there is a significative relationship, with a grade of correlation of 0,524 and a level of significance minor to 0.05, between the kind of liberal leadership of the principal and the passive style of communication. As well, there is a significative relationship between the the kind of authoritary leadership of the principal and the agressive style of communication in a grade of correlation of 0,671 and a leve of significance minor to 0.05. Finally, we conclude that there is a significative raltionship between the kind of democratic leadership of the principal and the assertive style of communication in a grade of correlation of 0,558 and a level of significance minor to 0.05.
Tesis
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Corchado, Nuno Manuel Figueira. "Organização e implementação de um balanced scorecard num serviço periférico da administração directa do estado - condicionantes e potencialidades para uma gestão mais eficiente : o caso da DSCST da DRE-Alentejo". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18955.
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Os serviços públicos estão confrontados, cada vez mais, com uma envolvente externa e interna mais exigente, o que inevitavelmente obriga à introdução da abordagem estratégica. A avaliação de desempenho na Administração Pública, obriga à integração de metodologias de gestão estratégica, que podem ser monitorizadas com o Balanced Scorecard (BSC), funcionando este como núcleo para alimentar os ciclos anuais de gestão e o sistema de avaliação de desempenho, contribuindo assim para melhorar a gestão dessas organizações. Este trabalho consubstancia uma proposta de projecto de organização e implementação de um BSC num serviço público específico, nomeadamente a Direcção de Serviços do Comércio e Serviços e do Turismo (DSCST) da Direcção Regional da Economia do Alentejo (DRE Alentejo). A abordagem estratégica na DRE-Alentejo e na DSCST, apoiada no BSC, constitui uma iniciativa que implica mudanças. Permite simplificar a definição da estratégia e do plano estratégico, apoiar a construção dos planos de actividades, o mapa de pessoal, a carta de missão, facilitar a comunicação da estratégia no interior e exterior da organização. Permite ainda o alinhamento e a articulação dos objectivos em todos os níveis hierárquicos com a estratégia, bem como a medição da eficácia da estratégia. Abstract: Government departments increasingly operate within an ever more demanding environment, in both internal and external terms, and there is therefore a requirement for the adoption of a strategic approach to public administration. Performance evaluation requires the use of strategic management methodologies monitored by means of a Balanced Scorecard (BSC), which provides data for annual management reviews and the performance evaluation system, thereby contributing towards the improved management of government departments. ln this paper a proposal is presented for the organization and implementation of a BSC in a specific public department, the (DRE-Alentejo) Alentejo Regional Department of Economic Affairs (DSCST) Department of Commerce and Tourism. The strategic approach based on BSC adopted by the DRE-Alentejo involves changes in the management system. The process of setting strategy and drawing up a strategic plan is simplified, and the approach helps in the drawing up of activity plans, the official staff plan and the mission statement; it also enables the organization's strategy to be better understood both internally and externally, while bringing it into line with objectives, which can be more coherently pursued at all levels; finally, it allows for the effectiveness of strategy to be gauged.
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Dubuisson, Agathe. "Génération et caractérisation de nouveaux anticorps anti-DR4 et anti-DR5". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCI005/document.
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Le développement d'anticorps thérapeutiques a suscité beaucoup d'intérêt au cours des dernières décennies. Plus de 30 d'entre eux ont été approuvés et sont utilisés pour traiter des patients atteints de cancer. Les récepteurs agonistes de TRAIL (DR4 ou DR5) sont surexprimés par les cellules tumorales et capables de déclencher leur mort. Ils représentent donc des cibles idéales. Malgré des résultats encourageants, la plupart des essais cliniques basés sur des anticorps monoclonaux ciblants DR4 ou DR5 ont été interrompus. Cependant, les connaissances actuelles ouvrent des perspectives thérapeutiques de choix pour l'utilisation de tels anticorps en oncologie. Afin de développer de nouveaux anticorps anti-DR4 et anti-DR5 reconnaissant sélectivement les protéines natives d’intérêt, et doués de propriétés antitumorales, nous avons opté pour une approche d'immunisation génétique basée sur des injections hydrodynamiques d'ADN complémentaire. Cette approche nous a permis d'obtenir des réponses humorales significatives, et après fusions des rates correspondantes, de générer 21 anticorps monoclonaux capables de reconnaître spécifiquement et avec une très grande affinité les récepteurs DR4 ou DR5, sous leurs formes natives. Parmi ces anticorps monoclonaux, deux sont doués de propriétés pro-apoptotiques, et quatre sont capables d'accroitre le potentiel pro-apoptotique du ligand TRAIL. Les propriétés antitumorales de l'anticorps anti-DR4 le plus puissant, l’AcM-C#16, ont également été validées in-vivo dans des modèles de xénogreffes.L'ensemble de ce travail démontre, et ce pour la première fois, que la méthode d'immunisation ADN par injection hydrodynamique peut être utilisée pour générer des anticorps monoclonaux thérapeutiques efficaces ciblant des récepteurs de la superfamille du TNF. Au-delà du système TRAIL, cette approche d'immunisation, peu exploitée, pourrait ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques en l'adaptant à de nouvelles ciblesDevelopment of therapeutic antibodies has attracted many interests in recent decades. More than 30 of them have been approved and are used to treat cancer patients. TRAIL agonist receptors (DR4 or DR5) are overexpressed by the tumour cells and are able to trigger their death. Therefore, they represent ideal targets. Despite encouraging results, most clinical trials based on monoclonal antibodies targeting DR4 or DR5 have been discontinued. However, current knowledge opens therapeutic perspectives of choice for the use of such antibodies in oncology. In order to develop new anti-DR4 and anti-DR5 antibodies recognizing selectively the native form of the proteins of interest, and endowed with antitumor properties, we have chosen to perform a genetic immunization approach based on hydrodynamic injections of complementary DNA. This approach allowed us to obtain significant humoral responses, and after fusions of the corresponding spleens, to generate 21 monoclonal antibodies capable of recognizing specifically and with very high affinity DR4 or DR5 receptors, in their native forms. Of these monoclonal antibodies, two are display pro-apoptotic properties, and four are capable of enhancing TRAIL pro-apoptotic potential. The antitumor properties of the most potent anti-DR4 antibody, mAb-C16, have also been validated using in-vivo xenografts models.Altogether this work demonstrates, for the first time, that the DNA immunization hydrodynamic injection method can be used to generate therapeutically effective monoclonal antibodies targeting TNF superfamily receptors. Beyond the TRAIL system, this immunization approach, scarcely exploited, could open new therapeutic perspectives by adapting it to new targets
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Becker, Joachim. "Der neo-liberale Elfenbeinturm und die Linke. Zu den Produktionsbedingungen der heterodoxen ÖkonomInnen". Beirat für gesellschafts-, wirtschafts- und umweltpolitische Alternativen (BEIGEWUM), 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5256/1/Der%2Dneoliberale%2DElfenbeinturm%2Dund%2Ddie%2DLinke.pdf.
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Walther, Herbert. "Kurt Rothschild und die Theorie der Arbeitslosigkeit". Beirat für gesellschafts-, wirtschafts- und umweltpolitische Alternativen (BEIGEWUM), 2011. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5290/1/Rothschild%2Dund%2Ddie%2DTheorie%2Dder%2DArbeitslosigkeit.pdf.
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Teles, Fernanda Moreira [UNIFESP]. "Identificação de incapacidades em crianças com deficiência inclusas em escolas municipais pertencentes à DRE-Diretoria Regional de Educação Penha - São Paulo, por meio do PEDI-Inventário de Avaliação Pediátrica de Incapacidade". Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9700.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-26Introdução – Inclusão é o movimento da sociedade para produzir a igualdade de oportunidades para todos. No âmbito individual, a inclusão supõe que cada um tenha a possibilidade de fazer suas próprias escolhas e construir sua própria identidade pessoal e social. No Brasil, a Constituição Federal de 1988 estabelece o dever do Estado com a educação mediante a garantia de ensino fundamental obrigatório e gratuito para todos, inclusive aos que a ele não tiveram acesso na idade própria e, ainda, atendimento educacional especializado às pessoas com deficiência, preferencialmente na rede regular de ensino. A deficiência pressupõe a existência de variações de algumas habilidades que sejam qualificadas como restrições ou lesões. No Brasil, segundo o IBGE (2000) a prevalência de deficiência na população era de 14, 5%; em São Paulo, dados da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, apontam para uma prevalência de 6,59%. Objetivos - Descrever as incapacidades de alunos em processo de inclusão por meio do inventário de avaliação pediátrica de incapacidade (PEDI). Métodos – tipo de estudo: transversal analítico; população: 181 alunos de 7 a 10 anos em processo de inclusão em 32 escolas da rede municipal da DRE – Delegacia Regional de Ensino Penha – São Paulo (SP). Variáveis: idade e série escolar; tipos de deficiência constantes de laudo do prontuário da criança. Instrumento: inventário de avaliação pediátrica de incapacidade (PEDI) que por meio de questionário aplicado ao cuidador avalia 197 atividades nas áreas de auto-cuidado, mobilidade e função social e a necessidade de assistência do cuidador para as mesmas funções. Análise estatística: utilizados teste t-student, análise de variância (ANOVA), análise de variância de medidas repetidas; para todos os testes considerou-se significância estatística (p < 0,5). Resultados – dos 181 alunos, 39 (21,5%) eram menores de 8 anos, 32 (17,7%) tinham 8 anos, 57 (31,5%) tinham 9 anos e 53 (29,3%) tinham 10 anos ou mais; em relação à série escolar, 35 (19,3%) estavam na 1ª série, 46 (25,4%) na 2ª série, 50 (27,6%) na 3ª série e 50 (27,6%) na 4ª série. Quanto aos tipos de deficiências, foram classificados em: Conduta típica – 30,4%, Deficiência física – 14, 9%, Deficiência global do desenvolvimento – 6,6%, Dislexia – 1,1 %, Distúrbios de fala – 7,2%, Deficiência visual – 2,8%, Múltiplas deficiências – 18,2%, Síndrome de Down – 9,4%, Síndromes genéticas – 6,6%. Diferenças estaticamente significantes no desempenho dos alunos, segundo o PEDI, foram observadas nas escalas de auto-cuidado (média de 77,8% na 1ª série e de 95,2% na 4ª série - p) e mobilidade (média de 90,0% na 1ª série e 99,8% na 4ª série) entre as séries, mas não entre as idades, ainda que apresentasse uma tendência de desempenho crescente – auto-cuidado (média de 85,7% em menores de 8 anos e 90,4% em crianças com 10 anos ou mais) e mobilidade (média 88, 9% em menores de 8 anos e 97,6% em crianças com 10 anos ou mais). Na função social não houve diferença entre as série ou idades. Em relação aos grupos de deficiências, na área de função social observaram-se as menores médias quando comparadas às outras áreas (auto-cuidado e mobilidade): conduta típica (71,9%), deficiência global do desenvolvimento (58,7%), distúrbios de fala (53,7%), múltiplas deficiências (75,1%), síndrome de Down (61,0%) , síndromes genéticas (55,8%). O grupo de alunos com deficiência física apresentou como área mais afetada a mobilidade com média de 62,7%. Para todos os grupos, as médias referentes à assistência do cuidador para as funções refletiram a necessidade de ajuda que essas crianças requerem no cotidiano. Conclusões – A função social foi a mais comprometida em todos os grupos e o instrumento de PEDI – Inventário de avaliação pediátrica de incapacidade permitiu a identificação de incapacidades por grupo de deficiência e individual, podendo constituir instrumento importante para intervenção direcionada e acompanhamento na escola.
Introduction – Inclusion is the movement of the society to provide everyone with equal opportunities. In the individual context, the inclusion assumes that every individual has the possibility of making their own choices and build their own personal and social identity. In Brazil, the Federal Constitution from 1988 establishes the obligation of the State with the education by assuring compulsory and free basic education for everyone, including those who had no access to it at proper age, and also specialized educational services for people with disabilities, preferably in the regular education system. The disability presupposes the existence of variations of some skills which are classified as restrictions or injuries. In Brazil, according to IBGE (2000) the prevalence of disability in the population was 14, 5%; in São Paulo, data from the Municipal Health Department, it indicates a prevalence of 6.59%. Objectives – Describe the inabilities of students in the inclusion process through the pediatric evaluation of inabilities (PEDI). Methods – type of study: cross-sectional analysis; population: 181 students 7-10 years old in inclusion process in 32 municipal schools of DRE - the Regional Education Penha - São Paulo (SP). Variables: age, school grade level, kind of disability contained in the records of the child’ reports. Instrument: inventory of pediatric evaluation of disability (PEDI) that, through a questionnaire applied to the caregiver, assesses 197 activities in the areas of self-care, mobility and social function and the need of the caregiver assistance for these functions. Statistical analysis: used t-student test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of variance with repeated measurements; for all tests it was considered statistical significant (p <0.5). Results – out of the 181 students, 39 (21.5%) were less than 8 years old, 32 (17.7%) were 8 years old, 57 (31.5%) were 9 years old and 53 (29.3%) were 10 years old or more, as far as grade is concerned, 35 (19.3%) were in the 1st grade, 46 (25.4%) in the 2nd grade, 50 (27.6%) in the 3rd grade and 50 (27.6%) in 4th grade. As to the types of disabilities, they were classified as typical Conduct - 30.4%, Physical handicap - 14, 9%, Global development disability - 6.6%, Dyslexia - 1.1%, Speech disorders - 7.2 % Visual impairment - 2.8% Multiple disabilities - 18.2%, Down syndrome - 9.4%, Genetic syndromes - 6.6%. Statistically significant differences in student performance, according to the PEDI, were observed in the self-care scales (average of 77.8% in the 1st grade and 95.2% in the 4th grade - p) and mobility (average of 90.0 % in grade 1st grade and 99.8% in the 4th grade) between the grades, but not between the ages, despite indicating a trend towards increasing performance - self-care (average of 85.7% in children under 8 years old and 90 4% in 10-yearl-olds or older children) and mobility (average of 88, 9% in children under 8 years old and 97.6% 10-yearl-olds or older children). In social function there was no difference between the grades or ages. As regards disability groups, in the area of social function the lowest averages were observed when compared to other areas (self-care and mobility): typical conduct (71.9%), global developmental disability (58.7%) , speech disorders (53.7%), multiple disabilities (75.1%), Down syndrome (61.0%), genetic syndromes (55.8%). The group of students with physical disabilities presented mobility as the most affected area with an average of 62.7%. For all groups, the average result concerning the assistance of the caregiver for specific roles reflected the need of help that these children require in activities of daily living. Conclusions - The social function was the most impaired in all groups and the PEDI instrument - Inventory of pediatric evaluation of disability - led to the identification of inabilities by group and individual disability, which may constitute an important tool for targeted intervention and follow-up at school.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Ružaitė, Ilona. "K. Sirvydo "Punktų sakymų" II dalies daiktavardis ir būdvardis". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050622_153800-36999.
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Die Morphologie des Substantivs und des Adjektivs des ersten Teiles eines der bedeutendsten ostlitauischen Schriftdenkmäler - der originalen Predigtsammlung von K. Sirvydas ,,Punkten des Redens“ - ist schon beschrieben (Šilaikienė, 2004). Diese Magisterarbeit ist für die Morphologie des Substantivs und des Adjektivs des zweiten Teiles von K. Sirvydas ,,Punkten des Redens“ gewidmet. In dieser Arbeit sind die Substantivs- und Adjektivsstämme des zweiten Teiles, ihre Formen, die in der Literatursprache und den Mundarten gebräuchlich oder nicht gebräuchlich sind, überblickt. Da werden auch Stammparadigmen gegeben, die Sprachfakten des I und II Teiles verglichen, die Ähnlichkeiten und die Unterschiede vorgelegt.
Gesammeltes und beschriebenes Material erlaubt folgende Ausschlüsse zu ziehen:
1. Der II Teil von K. Sirvydas ,,Punkten des Redens", im Jahre 1644 nach dem Tod des Autors (von J. Jaknavičius vorbereitet) herausgegeben, unterscheidet sich vom ersten Teil der Arbeit.
2. Die entstandenen Unterschiede des I und II Teiles (die Fälle des Wandels e auf a am Anfang des Wortes, unkonsequentes uo Schreiben statt o, t, d Wandel in Afrikaten vor i, ie u.a.) hat J. Jaknavičius gemacht, aber ie statt uo, e und o, ou statt au Schreiben in den zirkumflexen Endungen, verschiedene Formen mit nicht östlichen an gehören dem anonymischen Redakteur.
3. Die Morphologie des Substantivs und des Adjektivs des I Teiles von K. Sirvydas ,,Punkten des Redens" unterscheidet sich vom II Teil der Arbeit.
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Jasinskaitė, Jurgita. "Atsakomybė už žalą teikiant asmens sveikatos priežiūros paslaugas". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060509_110111-63340.
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In Litauen hat sich die wissenschaftliche Doktrin in der Frage der Zivilhaftung für den Schaden, bei der Erteilung der Dienstleistungen von Gesundheitspflege für Person, nicht herausgebildet, die sich nicht eingebürgerte Gerichtspraxis ist auch nicht reichlich, diese Beziehungen reglamentieren nicht genügend eingehend die nationalen und internationalen Rechstakte. Die Besonderheiten der Haftung für den Schaden, bei der Erteilung der Dienstleistungen von Gesundheitspflege für Person, entscheiden die Art und Besonderheiten der Entstehungsgrundlagen der Rechtsbeziehungen, die bei der Erteilung der Dienstleistungen von Gesundheitspflege für die Person, entstehen, sowie die Art und Besonderheiten der Teilnehmer dieser Beziehungen und mit ihnen verbundenen Pflichten und Rechte. Bei der Anwendung der Haftung von Behandlungsanstalten für den Schaden, bei der Erteilung der Dienstleistungen von Gesundheitspflege für die Person, wird auf die Regel der persönlichen Verantwortung des anzustellenden Mitarbeiters für den mit Schuldhandlungen gemachten Schaden vom Mitarbeiter gestützt. Die Verantwortung der Ärzte ist die berufliche Verantwortung, bei deren Anwendung strengere Vorsichts-, Aufmerksamkeits- und Sorgfaltforderungen gestellt werden. Das entscheiden die Besonderheiten bei der Feststellung der Ungesetzlichkeit der ärztlichen Handlungen sowie Schuld.
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Kaltoun, Jan. "Elektronické volby v podmínkách VŠE Praha a ČR". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81981.
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The focus of this paper is research of electronic voting topics applied to conditions of University of Economics, Prague and the Czech Republic. It therefore consists of not only theoretical research but also of applied work. First goal of this paper was to provide information base both about (especially electronic) voting and significant electronic voting projects realized throughout the world. Consequent second goal was analysis and design of electronic voting solution for chosen elections type at the University of Economics, Prague and proposal of possible process changes in chosen type of elections in the Czech republic should electronic voting be implemented. In it's first part the paper gathers, summarizes and presents information about (especially electronic) voting and chosen electronic voting implementations. The second part then describes chosen types of elections at the University of Economics, Prague and in the Czech Republic and analyzes their processes. In former case the analysis is followed by proposition and evaluation of possible electronic voting implementation variants of chosen elections type and detailed elaboration of the most suitable one. In latter case the paper goes on to describe possible process changes that could arise should electronic voting be implemented for chosen elections type in the Czech Republic. Author's contribution lies in fulfilling the goals of this thesis and performing the necessary activities leading to them. Following the (electronic) voting research the author has provides the reader with information base needed to quickly orientate tehmselves in the field of electronic voting. The author then leverages this information to research and process-analyze chosen types of elections at the University of Economics, Prague and in the Czech Republic, propose changes in mapped processes needed for eventual electronic voting implementation, present alternatives of electronic voting implementation of chosen elections type at the University of Economics, Prague and elaborate on the chosen most suitable one.
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І, Kidyba І. "ENTWICKLUNGSTRENDS DES LUFTVERKEHRS UND DES LUFTVERKEHRSTECHNIK". Thesis, ПОЛІТ.Сучасні проблеми науки.Гуманітарні науки:тези доповідей XVII Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції молодих учених і студентів:[y 2-x т.].Т.2(м.Київ,4-7 квітня 2017 р.)/[ред.кол.:В.М.Ісаєнко та ін.]; Національний авіаційний університет.-К.:НАУ,2017.-374 с, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/27734.
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In unserer Welt werden sich in Zukunft einige Dinge verändern. Handys werden zum Alles könne und Autos sind mit noch mehr Funktionen aus gestattet, bei spielsweise mit W-LAN. Auch in der Luftfahrt können die Flugzeuge in 50 Jahren dann mehr als nur fliegen. Die Ingenieure und Designer planen jetzt neue Projekte für die zukünftige Luftfahrt. Es gibt vieles was an Flugzeugen verändert oder auch verbessert werden könnte, sei es die Möglichkeit über die Wolken zu schauen oder auch die Alternative zum Treibstoff Kerosin.
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Kimtytė, Aušra. "Atsakomybė už tarptautinės teisės nedraudžiamus veiksmus". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060316_162917-74158.
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Atsakomybė už tarptautinės teisės nedraudžiamus veiksmus suprantama kaip valstybių pareiga kompensuoti padarytą materialią žalą, vykdant rizikingą veiklą, kurios nedraudžia tarptautinė teisė. Tarptautinės objektyviosios atsakomybės normos yra specialios, jos turi apibrėžtą veikimo sferą tokiuose tarptautinės teisės posakiuose kaip tarptautinė kosmoso teisė, tarptautinė jūrų teisė, tarptautinė atominė teisė, kuriuose tarptautinė atsakomybė, susijusi su padidinto pavojaus šaltinių veikimu, gali būti numatyta tarptautinėse sutartyse. Labiausiai reglamentuota valstybių atsakomybė už tarptautinės teisės nedraudžiamus veiksmus yra kosmoso teisėje, kur numatoma absoliuti vykdančios kosminę operaciją valstybės atsakomybė už padarytą žalą. Kitose minėtose sutartyse numatoma tik dalinė (valstybės atsakingos už žalos atlyginimo ar prevencijos mechanizmo sukūrimą ar pan.), o žalą privalo atlyginti „teršėjas“ (privatus subjektas, užsiimantis padidinto pavojaus veikla). Apskritai autorė daro išvadą, kad šioje srityje trūksta privalomų tarptautinės teisės šaltinių-ji yra nepakankamai reglamentuota.-.
Verantwortung für die Handlung, die in der internationalen Recht nicht verboten, aber gefährlich ist, ist die staatliche Pflicht die Materialischaden bezahlen. Diese Verantwortung ist am meisten in der Kosmosrecht, wo absolute Verantwortung der Staat, die kosmische Operation verwirkliche, reglamentiert. Im allgemeinen aber Staaten anerkennen die Pflicht in der rechtliche Handlung gemachte Schaden nicht.
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Horn, Loreta. "Probiotinių ir mineralinių vitamininių papildų panaudojimas kiaulių šėrime". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060316_125633-67563.
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Die Probiotika werden heute sehr breit in der Ernährung von Menschen, Tieren und Vögeln verwendet. Bei den Probiotika handelt es sich um lebensfähige Formen von spezifischen Mikroorganismen, die dem tierischen Organismus kontinuierlich dem Futter zugeführt wurden.
Die Prüfung erfolgte in 2 Leistungsversuchen mit den Schweinen. In jedem Versuch waren 3 Gruppen gebildet. Beide Gruppen in den Experimenten waren identisch bezüglich genetischer Konstruktion, Geschlecht, Alter und Lebendmasse der verwendeten Tiere. In beiden Versuchen in den Futtermischungen der Kontrollgruppe kam das Mineralfuttermittel Dynaphos M 2000 ohne Probiotikum zum Einsatz. Das Mineralfuttermittel Schaumalac M 55 als Komponente in den Futtermischungen der Versuchtiere wurde mit dem Probiotikum Bonvital suplementiert und 1kg Futter hatte 30x108 KBE (Enterococcus faecium). Im Futter für die Gruppe III wurden mineralische vitaminische Futterzusatzstoffe ohne Probiotikum und mit kleinerer Anzahl von Vitaminen verwendet. Im Versuch Nr.2 in der Futtermischungen für die Gruppe III wurde Probiotikum Biomin Imbo verwendet und 1kg Futter hatte 0,75x108 KBE (Enterococcus faecium).
Mastleistung : die Futterzusatzstoffen mit Bonvital und Biomin Imbo wirkten auf die Lebendmasse so: die Tageszunahme war 3% höher im Versuch Nr.1 und 1,5% höher im Versuch Nr.2, und sogar 6% höher (Versuch Nr.2 mit Biomin Imbo). Solche Ergebnisse wirkten auch auf Futteraufwand: (im Versuch Nr.2 mit Bonvital) benötigten die Tiere 3%... [to full text]
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Prynda, Maya. "Licht (1977-2003) de Karlheinz Stockhausen : aspects autobiographiques et intertextualité". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040194.
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Licht. Die sieben Tage der Woche (1977-2003) est un cycle constitué de sept opéras composés par Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928-2007) qui en a également conçu le livret. Le cycle a pour thème principal l'accomplissement cyclique du destin de trois esprits – Michael, Eva et Luzifer – dont le destin est lié aux caractéristiques de chacun des sept jours de la semaine. Cependant, une multitude d'éléments vient s'ajouter au propos général, rendant le déroulement parfois difficilement intelligible. De plus, le propos universel vient se heurter à la dimension personnelle et autobiographique de l'œuvre. Notre thèse, principalement centrée sur le livret de Licht, a pour but d'étudier les éléments autobiographiques et les relations intertextuelles présents tout au long des opéras, afin de cerner les éléments d'unification au sein du cycle. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à une présentation générale du projet de Licht, du livret et des personnages. Le cycle s'inscrit en effet dans la continuité de l'œuvre de Stockhausen, notamment des pièces construites sur le principe d'une formule et de celles faisant appel à un propos extra-musical. S'ensuit une étude de la dimension autobiographique des opéras. Dans cette partie, nous établissons tout particulièrement le lien entre la volonté de délivrer un message universel, cosmique intemporel, et l'évocation des souvenirs, des voyages et des influences du compositeur. Enfin, notre étude se clôt par une analyse de la dimension religieuse, philosophique et ésotérique du cycle. Stockhausen a en effet été profondément influencé par les cultures et religions asiatiques, notamment d'Inde et du Japon. À ces influences viennent s'ajouter la Bible, ainsi que l'ésotérisme et l'influence prégnante de divers courants et ouvrages néo-chrétiens, en particulier celle du Livre d'Urantia. Sous un argument centré sur les relations entre les trois principaux protagonistes, Licht devient ainsi un résumé de la vie et de l'œuvre de StockhausenLicht. Die sieben Tage der Woche (1977-2003) is a cycle of seven operas composed by Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928-2007) who also wrote the libretto. The main topic of the cycle is the cyclical fulfilment of the destiny of three spirits – Michael, Eva and Luzifer – whose destiny is related to the characteristics of each of the seven days of the week. A multitude of events will however be added to the main story, making the progress of the action sometimes difficult to understand. Our thesis, mainly focused on the libretto, aims at studying the autobiographical elements and the intertextual relationships throughout each opera in order to identify the elements of unity into the cycle. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to a general presentation of the Licht project and to the libretto and characters’ introduction. The cycle follows indeed in the footsteps of Stockhausen’s work, including parts based on the principle of a formula and those appealing an extra-musical theme. A study of the autobiographical dimension of the operas follows. In this part, we particularly establish the link between the desire to deliver a universal, cosmic and timeless message and the evocation of the composer’s memories, travels and influences. Finally, our work closes with an analysis of the religious, philosophical and esoteric dimensions of the cycle. Stockhausen has indeed been deeply influenced by the Asian cultures and religions, in particular from India and Japan. There are other influences like The Bible, but also esotericism and the significant influence of many new-Christian movements and books like the Urantia Book. Under the guise of focusing on the relationships between the three main characters, Licht becomes a summary of Stockhausen’s life and work
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Prado, Laura Alves do. "\'Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher\': um estudo da metaficção a partir da Fantasy de Walter Moers". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-07052015-163200/.
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Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher (A cidade dos livros sonhadores) é um extenso romance escrito em 2004 por Walter Moers. A narrativa se passa no mundo fantástico de Zamonien um lugar habitado por dragões e outras criaturas curiosas e concentra-se na jornada do protagonista Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, um jovem dragão-escritor, o qual encontra um misterioso texto, que seria, segundo sua opinião, a melhor obra já escrita no continente fictício. Ele sai, então, à procura do autor desconhecido daquelas palavras. Sua busca o leva a Buchhaim, a cidade dos livros sonhadores, onde muitas aventuras mas também perigos o aguardam. Moers finge ser apenas o tradutor da língua zamônica e o ilustrador da biografia de Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, que seria o verdadeiro autor de Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher. Logo após a publicação do romance, os fãs de Moers ocuparam-se em decifrar charadas que fazem referência a obras literárias e autores conhecidos. O livro tornou-se, então, uma narrativa fantástica sobre a literatura e o mundo literário. O presente trabalho pretende analisar a estrutura narrativa de Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher, especialmente o aspecto da metaficcionalidade. Para tanto, será apresentado, primeiramente, um breve resumo do enredo. Em seguida, ocuparemo-nos com as principais características do gênero da Fantasy, procurando encontrar exemplos no romance dos aspectos constitutivos desse gênero. Por fim, serão analisados diferentes elementos metaficcionais encontrados na obra, com o intuito de demonstrar o jogo que o autor faz com a ficcionalidade. O romance de Moers lida de forma irônica e parodística com a questão do limite entre ficção e realidade, que ocupa parte da crítica literária. Essa temática desenvolve-se em um jogo, no qual um dinossauro é autor de um bestseller e concede entrevistar à mídia alemã (FAZ e ZDF). O humor é, sem dúvida, a característica mais marcante de Walter Moers. O principal objetivo desse trabalho consiste, por fim, em investigar a relação entre a metaficcionalidade e o sucesso que o romance encontrou entre um público tão diversificado.Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher (The city of dreaming books) is a novel written in 2004 by Walter Moers. The narrative takes place in the fantastic world of Zamonien a place inhabited by dragons and other curious creatures and focuses on the journey of the protagonist Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, a young dragon-writer, who finds a mysterious text, which would be, according to his opinion, the best book ever written on the fictional continent. He starts a journey looking for the unknown author of those words. His quest leads him to \"Buchhaim\", the city of dreaming books, where many adventures but also dangers wait for him. Moers pretends to be only the translator of the \"zamonia language\" and the illustrator of the biography of Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, which would be the true author of Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher. Shortly after the publication of the novel, fans of Moers tried to decipher the riddles of literary pieces and unknown authors references within the story. The book became, then, a fantastic narrative about the literature and the literary world. This work intends to analyze the narrative structure of Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher, especially the aspect of metafictionality. Therefore, will be presented, firstly, a brief resume of the story. Then we will analyze the main characteristics of the genre of Fantasy, trying to identify examples in the novel which establishes this genre. Finally, we will analyze distinctive metafictional elements found in the work, in order to demonstrate the tricks that the author makes with fictionality. Moers\'s novel deals in an ironic and parodistic way with the question of the boundaries between fiction and reality, which occupies part of the literary critic. This theme takes its course in a game in which a dinosaur is the author of a best-seller and agrees to be interviewed by German media (FAZ and ZDF). The humor is undoubtedly the most remarkable characteristic of Walter Moers. The main purpose of this work is to investigate the connections between the metafictionality and the huge success of the novel, which reached such a diversified audience.
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Palekauskaitė, Lina. "Socialinio pedagogo darbo miesto ir kaimo mokyklos bendruomenėje ypatumai". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2004. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2004~D_20040608_150928-71868.
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Auf dem Bereich des Bildungssystems entstehen immer wieder neue Aufgabes für die Sozialpädagogik. Negative Verändrungen in der Gesellschaft, d.h. hohe Arbeitslosigkeit, hohe Anzahl von Verbrechen sowie drogen- bzw. alkohosüchtigen Kindern und Jugendlichen, sind Erscheinungen, schlechte soziale Lage der Kinder verurseuhen. Sie fühlen sich unsicher in ihre Umgebung.
Um diese negative Erscheinungen aus dem Leben der Kinder, aus ihren Familien und auch aus dem Schulleben zu beseitigen, werend neun Arbeitsstellen für die Spezialisten geschaffen, die für das Positive im Leben der Kinder kämpfen. Diese Spezialisten sind Sozialpädagogen.
In der vorliegenden Magisterarbeit werden die Schulgemeinschaft sowie die Rolle ihrer Mitglieder in der Schule, Möglichkeiten der Zusammenarbeit, unterschiede zwischen Dorf- und Stadtgemeinschaaften und die Rolle des Sozialpädagogen in der Schule besprochen.
In dieser Arbeit werden die wichigsten Aufgaben der Tätigkeitsbereich des Sozialpädagogen, seine Funktionen, der Begrif der Sozialpädagogik und optimales Tätichkeitsmodell.
Ald der Gegenstand dieser Untersuchung wurde der tätichkeisbereich des Sotialpädagogen gewält.
Es wurden folgende Azfgaben in der Untersuchung erhoben: die wissenschaftlich – pädagogische Literatur zu analisieren und die Unterlage der Bildungsreform die Unterlagen der Bildungsreform sowie der Regierung in denen sich die mit der Arbeit des Sozialpädagogen verbundenen Probleme widerspiegeln, zu besprochen; die Besonderheiten der... [to full text]
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Šerytė, Renata. "Profesionalų, dirbančių Laikinuose vaikų globos namuose, nuostatos į realų ir siektiną socialinio darbo su globėjų šeima modelį". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050606_065856-84005.
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In der vorliegenden Magisterarbeit wird das Modell der familialen Pflege, der Ausbildung der Pflegeeltern und der Arbeit mit der Pflegefamilie in Litauen analysiert.
Im ersten Teil wird die Analyse der Dokumente und der Rechtsakten, die den Pflegeprozess in Litauen regeln, vorgestellt. Hier wird das Problem der Auswahl der potentiellen Pflegeeltern und ihrer Vorbereitung auf die Pflege überblickt. Man analysiert die Spezifik der Sozialarbeit mit Pflegefamilien, die Aufgaben des vorläufigen Kinderheimes und die Möglichkeiten, seine Tätigkeit zu erweitern. Man konstruiert auch das Modell der zu bestrebten Sozialarbeit mit der Pflegefamilie.
Im zweiten Teil stellt man die Forschung der Einstellungen vor, die die in den vorläufigen Kinderheimen arbeitenden Fachleute haben. Man versucht, die Einstellungen der Fachleute zum Phänomen der Pflegefamilie, zur Organisation der Sozialarbeit mit der Pflegefamilie und zur Möglichkeit, die Funktionen des vorläufigen Kinderheimes zu erweitern, zu erschließen.
Das Problem der vorläufigen Abtrennung eines Kindes von seiner Familie ist ein komplexes Problem, und so müsste es auch gelöst werden, indem man Hilfe für die Familie des sozialen Risikos leistet und dem Kind die Möglichkeit gibt, die Krisenperiode in einer Pflegefamilie zu überleben. Am Ende der Magisterarbeit wird eine Empfehlung gegeben, wie man einem Kind, das ohne Fürsorge der Eltern geblieben ist, Hilfe effektiver leisten könnte. Das ist das Projekt des Programms eines... [to full text]
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Manzoli, Talita Freitas. "Dosagem de HLA-DR (Human Leukocyte antigen DR) de mononucleares para avaliação de imunoparalisia em pacientes sépticos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) de um Hospital Terciário". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-09082017-114631/.
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O presente estudo avaliou a ocorrência de imunoparalisia e sua associação com pior prognóstico em pacientes pediátricos internados em uma UTI de hospital terciário. Para determinar a presença de imunoparalisia procedeu-se a dosagem da expressão de mHLA-DR usando o QuantiBRITE TM Anti HLA-DR/ Anti- Monocyte, um novo reagente que padroniza os valores da citometria de fluxo para o mHLA-DR. Determinamos a expressão de mHLA-DR em 30 pacientes com sepse grave ou choque sépticos admitidos na UTI Pediátrica no período do estudo, mHLA-DR foi quantificado por duas vezes: entre os dias 3 a 5 (mHLA-DR1) e 5 a 7 (mHLA-DR2) após o inicio do quadro séptico. Também foi calculado o deltamHLA-DR (mHLA-DR2 - mHLA-DR1). Dosamos, ainda, o mHLA-DR em vinte e um controles hígidos. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar se a expressão de mHLA-DR correlaciona-se com a mortalidade em pacientes sépticos pediátricos. Os resultados mostram que o mHLA-DR foi significativamente menor nos pacientes sépticos do que nos controles (p = 0.0001). A mortalidade foi de 46% nos pacientes com valores negativos ou < 1000 mAb/cell de deltaHLA-DR, e 7% em pacientes com valores positivos ou > 1000 mAb/cell de deltaHLADR. O deltamHLA-DR médio foi significativamente diferente entre sobreviventes e pacientes que foram a óbito (p = 0.023). Dessa forma, após a análise estatística dos resultados concluímos que o deltaHLA-DR correlaciona-se com a mortalidade em pacientes pediátricos com sepse grave e choque sépticoThis study analysis the presence of Immunoparalysis and its association with prognosis in pediatric septic patients of a Tertiary Intensive Care Unit. To determine the presence of immunoparalysis we performed the mHLA-DR dosage using the QuantiBRITE TM Anti HLA-DR/ Anti- Monocyte, a novel reagent that standardizes flow cytometry values. We determined mHLA-DR expression in 30 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock admitted to PICU, mHLA-DR expression was quantified between days 3-5 and 5-7 after the onset of sepsis and calculated the deltamHLA-DR (mHLA-DR2 - mHLADR1). We also measured mHLA-DR levels in twenty-one healthy patients. The objective of this study was to determine if mHLA-DR values correlate with mortality in pediatric septic patients. The results showed that the mean mHLA-DR expression was significantly lower in septic patients compared with controls (p = 0.0001). Mortality was 46% in patients with negative deltaHLA-DR or < 1000 mAb/cell and 7% in patients with positive deltaHLA-DR or > 1000 mAb/cell. Mean deltamHLA-DR levels were significantly different between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.023). After statistical analysis we concluded that deltaHLA-DR correlates with mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock or severe sepsis
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Dynes, Meaghann. "Hybridity of Genre and Ecologism in Carl Amery’s Der Untergang der Stadt Passau as Tools for Environmental Discussion". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554373901040226.
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Ampleman-Tremblay, Tristan y Tristan Ampleman-Tremblay. "Heidegger et la Technique à l'époque de la métaphysique réalisée". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37892.
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S’inscrivant dans l’horizon de la phénoménologie développée par le penseur allemand Martin HEIDEGGER (1889-1976), le présent mémoire vise à offrir un diagnostic philosophique et phénoménologique portant sur l’époque qui nous est contemporaine. Soixante-six ans après la parution du texte allemand de la conférence « La question de la technique » (Die Frage nach der Technik, 1953) et compte tenu de la technicisation et de la dévastation progressive du monde habité par l’homme qui sont caractéristiques de notre époque, il apparaît nécessaire de repenser à nouveaux frais cette « question de la technique » à partir du corpus heideggérien ainsi que des divers commentaires s’y étant depuis ajoutés. Identifiant avec Heidegger la « technique moderne » comme le trait fondamental de notre époque, cette recherche vise à réinterpréter le concept de « technique », en le délestant des interprétations successives de la tradition philosophique qui en ont fait un ensemble de moyens en vue de fins. Ce faisant, le concept de technique se voit déployé dans toute son historialité et par-delà sa détermination métaphysique comme dévoilement de l’étant, c’est-à-dire comme mode de la vérité, comprise par Heidegger comme hors-retrait (Unverborgenheit, ἀλήθεια). Par ce dévoilement, l’étant apparaît sous une certaine lumière déterminant avec précision la teneur phénoménologique de l’étant à dévoiler. Suivant toujours Heidegger, nous explorons ensuite le terme de Dispositif (Gestell) qui nomme l’infrastructure métaphysique régissant le mode d’apparaître de tout phénomène à l’époque de la technique. Notre travail tente du même souffle de montrer comment l’histoire de la métaphysique occidentale, comprise comme histoire de l’être et de son oubli successif, mène à son propre achèvement dans l’avènement moderne de cette époque. Au terme de notre recherche, il apparaît que la technique moderne, en tant que trait fondamental de notre époque, détermine l’apparaître même de l’étant, c’est-à-dire le type d’étant auquel les sujets qui nous sont contemporains auront accès ; notre phénoménalité se faisant dès lors intégralement technicienne. Le présent mémoire montre en ce sens en quoi notre époque est à la fois celle de la domination de la technique, sous la figure paradigmatique du Dispositif (Gestell) planétarisé, et celle de l’accomplissement de la métaphysique occidentale, née en Grèce il y a plus de deux millénaires. En guise d’ouverture conclusive, le présent travail aborde finalement le « Danger » (die Gefahr) ainsi que la possibilité corollaire d’un « Sauver » (Retten) qui gisent selon Heidegger au sein du Dispositif.S’inscrivant dans l’horizon de la phénoménologie développée par le penseur allemand Martin HEIDEGGER (1889-1976), le présent mémoire vise à offrir un diagnostic philosophique et phénoménologique portant sur l’époque qui nous est contemporaine. Soixante-six ans après la parution du texte allemand de la conférence « La question de la technique » (Die Frage nach der Technik, 1953) et compte tenu de la technicisation et de la dévastation progressive du monde habité par l’homme qui sont caractéristiques de notre époque, il apparaît nécessaire de repenser à nouveaux frais cette « question de la technique » à partir du corpus heideggérien ainsi que des divers commentaires s’y étant depuis ajoutés. Identifiant avec Heidegger la « technique moderne » comme le trait fondamental de notre époque, cette recherche vise à réinterpréter le concept de « technique », en le délestant des interprétations successives de la tradition philosophique qui en ont fait un ensemble de moyens en vue de fins. Ce faisant, le concept de technique se voit déployé dans toute son historialité et par-delà sa détermination métaphysique comme dévoilement de l’étant, c’est-à-dire comme mode de la vérité, comprise par Heidegger comme hors-retrait (Unverborgenheit, ἀλήθεια). Par ce dévoilement, l’étant apparaît sous une certaine lumière déterminant avec précision la teneur phénoménologique de l’étant à dévoiler. Suivant toujours Heidegger, nous explorons ensuite le terme de Dispositif (Gestell) qui nomme l’infrastructure métaphysique régissant le mode d’apparaître de tout phénomène à l’époque de la technique. Notre travail tente du même souffle de montrer comment l’histoire de la métaphysique occidentale, comprise comme histoire de l’être et de son oubli successif, mène à son propre achèvement dans l’avènement moderne de cette époque. Au terme de notre recherche, il apparaît que la technique moderne, en tant que trait fondamental de notre époque, détermine l’apparaître même de l’étant, c’est-à-dire le type d’étant auquel les sujets qui nous sont contemporains auront accès ; notre phénoménalité se faisant dès lors intégralement technicienne. Le présent mémoire montre en ce sens en quoi notre époque est à la fois celle de la domination de la technique, sous la figure paradigmatique du Dispositif (Gestell) planétarisé, et celle de l’accomplissement de la métaphysique occidentale, née en Grèce il y a plus de deux millénaires. En guise d’ouverture conclusive, le présent travail aborde finalement le « Danger » (die Gefahr) ainsi que la possibilité corollaire d’un « Sauver » (Retten) qui gisent selon Heidegger au sein du Dispositif.
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Le, Rol Yvon. "La langue des « gwerzioù » à travers l’étude des manuscrits inédits de Mme de Saint-Prix (1789-1869)". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20029/document.
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L’une des composantes de la littérature orale (chants, contes, proverbes,…) de langue bretonne est la gwerz, chanson traditionnelle à caractère souvent historique et fantastique, se transmettant principalement oralement d’une génération à l’autre.L’étude de la langue utilisée dans ces chants permet de mettre en évidence des niveaux de langues différents : si la marque dialectale du chanteur est généralement bien présente, celle de l’utilisation d’un breton standard, se rapprochant du breton littéraire par ses caractéristiques, l’est tout autant.Quelques personnes en Bretagne, principalement issues de la petite noblesse rurale, se sont adonnées au collectage de sa littérature orale (de langue bretonne), à l’instar des autres pays européens, et ceci dès le début du XIXe siècle. Mme de Saint-Prix (1789 -1869) figure parmi ces précurseurs. Les deux manuscrits inédits qui constituent l’essentiel de sa collection (Manuscrit 1 : 97 folios ; Manuscrit 2 : 45 folios), sont actuellement conservés à la bibliothèque de LandévennecOne of the major forms of oral literature in the Breton language – which includes songs, tales, proverbs and sayings- is the gwerz. This form of traditional song, passing on from one generation to another, most often evidences a historical as well as a fantastic character.Studying the language used in these songs helps highlight the existence of several standards or levels of language; indeed, while the dialectal mark of the interpreter generally makes no doubt, the presence of a form of standard Breton can also be noticed.In the early XIXth century, people in Brittany - similarly to what was taking place throughout Europe - started collecting oral literature in the Breton language. Most of the time they came from the lower rural aristocracy. Mme de Saint-Prix (1789-1869) was among these precursors. The two unpublished manuscripts which make the most part of her collection (MS 1 : 97 folios ; MS 2 : 45 folios) are currently kept in the Landevennec library
Ul lodenn eus al lennegezh dre gomz (kanaouennoù, kontadennoù, lavarennoù,…) brezhonek a zo ar gwerzioù anezhi : da lâret eo kanaouennoù hengounel savet alies a-walc’h diwar fedoù istorel ha burzhudus, ha legadet a-c’henoù a-rummad da rummad.Studiañ ar yezh a gaver implijet er gwerzioù-se a laka war-wel liveoù yezh disheñvel : ma kaver roud eus brezhoneg rannyezhel ar ganerien warni, e weler splann ivez an implij a vez graet gante eus ur yezh all, tostoc’h ouzh ur « standard lennegel ».Ken abred ha deroù an XIXvet kantved, diwar skouer ar broioù europat all, e kroge un nebeut tud e Breizh, o tont peurliesañ eus an noblañs vihan diwar ar maez, da zastum ar pezh a oa da vezañ anvet « lennegezh dre gomz » pelloc’h. En o zouesk e kaver ur plac’h, an Itron de Saint-Prix (1789-1869), a orin eus Kallag, e Kerne-Uhel. An daou dornskrid a ra ar lodennvrasañ eus he dastumadenn (Ds. 1 : 97 f° ; Ds. 2 : 45 f°) a zo miret e levraoueg abati Landevenneg hiziv an deiz
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Schmidt, Walter. "Option für die Armen? : erkenntnistheoretische, sozial-wissenschaftliche und sozialethische Überlegungen zur Armutsbekämpfung". München und Mering Hampp, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2649040&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
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Stelzel, Philipp. "CMNI - Theorie und Anwendung in der Donaupraxis". Institut für Transportwirtschaft und Logistik, 2011. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3073/1/Stelzel.pdf.
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The title of this diploma thesis is as follows: CMNI in theory and its practical implementation in
the Danube region. CMNI stands for "Budapest Convention on the Contract for the Carriage of
Goods by Inland Waterway." This convention was adopted in a diplomatic conference in 2000. It
entered into force in the year 2005. So far, it has been ratified by 15 European countries. All
countries with connection to the Danube River, except Austria and the Ukraine, have ratified the
CMNI until January 2011. The goal of this convention is to set up unified regulations for the
carriage of goods by inland waterways.
After a short introduction of some terms concerning inland navigation, the thesis gives a
summary of the convention's content. After these theoretical chapters the thesis analyzes and
evaluates the effect of the CMNI on the market situation of inland navigation companies which
are operating in the Danube region.
The results of the empirical analysis of 16 transportation companies, with place of business in the
EU and operating on the Danube river, show that the CMNI is a convention with a more
symbolic than practical or financial value. However, the CMNI has been past-due for decades.
Thus the CMNI is seen as a seed towards a more unified law on carriage of goods by inland
navigation. As a result of the researched findings, the thesis favors the ratification of the CMNI
by Austria. Nevertheless, it is suggested that the convention can only be fruitful in combination
with numerous measures, such as the modernization of harbors along the Danube, the
elimination of nautical bottlenecks, an increase of subsidies and improved public relation work
by the market participants. (author's abstract)Series: Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Transportwirtschaft und Logistik - Verkehr
33
Carrasco, Bahamonde Juan Antonio. "Heidegger y La pregunta por la técnica". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108563.
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Es precisamente a partir de la discusión con Nietzsche sobre el poder durante 1930-40 que Heidegger compromete explícitamente su pensamiento con la cuestión de la técnica. Si bien, la técnica no piensa, sí está abierta al destino del mundo, y, por lo tanto, da mucho que pensar, lo cual, supone replantear el problema en torno a los límites de la tecnología. En este sentido, el llamado a rememorar el ser no sería sino una respuesta a la amenaza de la especialización técnica que se cierne sobre la realidad del mundo. En estas líneas, nos proponemos llevar a cabo una exploración del mundo de la tecnología como una apertura a la experiencia de la realidad humana bajo el signo del nihilismo y la metafísica consumada en la perspectiva del pensamiento de Martín Heidegger. Por lo tanto, no sólo como fragmentación y empobrecimiento cognitivo de la imaginación crítica, sino, también como epifanía o claridad del ser. La imposición (Ge-stell) objetivante y separadora de la naturaleza constituye en un sentido esencial la permanente negación de la finitud de la vida donde el verdadero peligro no radica sino en la completa objetivación del mundo, cuyo correlato es la reducción de la subjetividad a una función de ese engranaje. Para Heidegger la pregunta por sentido del ser está en la base de aquella sobre el sentido de la existencia, y, por lo tanto, constituye necesariamente apertura al mundo de las valoraciones y acciones humanas. El trazado de una ontología fundamental encuentra su piedra angular en una ontología regional de la “existencia” en tanto que la idea de ente se mueve en la línea de una precomprensión del ser que finalmente remite al ahí del ser que es el hombre. Las preguntas esenciales que surgen y se agitan dando vida a estos análisis son: ¿Estamos realmente ante un empobrecimiento sin retorno de la capacidad de comprender nuestro entorno y darle un sentido unitario a la realidad? ¿El despliegue de la tecnología planetaria como voluntad de poder introduce secretamente una “pérdida” de la realidad y el sentido? O bien, el reverso necesario de las anteriores; ¿Es posible experimentar esta caída (o destitución de las coordenadas metafísicas esenciales) como un pensamiento de la promesa por-venir.
34
Braz, Adelino. "Droit et éthique chez Kant : l'idée d'une destination communautaire de l'existence". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010613.
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Au sein d'une métaphysique des moeurs, l'impératif catégorique se présente comme le fondement commun au droit et à l'éthique, comme lois de liberté. Cela permet de considérer le droit comme un concept moral et de construire une autonomie de la volonté générale. Afin de dépasser l'hétérogénéité qui existe entre ces lois morales, dans la relation de la loi à la volonté, il est alors nécessaire de penser la relation entre droit et éthique comme un passage téléologique. Dans ce procédé qui s'inscrit dans l'histoire comme lieu de réalisation des dispositions originelles, le droit se révèle alors comme moyen de son propre dépassement, dans la mesure où il conduit la communauté humaine à sortir de l'état de nature et entrer dans un état civil, afin de tendre vers sa destination finale qui réside dans un état éthique. Ainsi, chaque individu, au sein de la communauté éthico-civile, ne vit plus sous des lois de contrainte mais sous des lois de vertu.
35
Navickaitė, Jūratė. "Restitucija sutartiniuose santykiuose". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060505_162011-81258.
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In der Magisterarbeit spricht man ueber die Restitution in vertraeglichen Beziehungen. Man bringt die Herkunft des Instituts von Restitution in altere Roma vor, man analysiert der Begriff der Restitution und seine juristischen Natur in Litauen und der Zivilrecht des Auslands. Der Autor beschreibt kurz die Art und Weise des Restitution. Am meistens schenkt man die Aufmerksamkeit eingehender Analyse der Grundlage von der Anwendung der Restitution in vertraeglichen Beziehungen. In der Praxis am haeufigsten ist vorkommende Grundlage die Ungueltigkeit des Geschaeftes, ueber sie am meistens spricht man in der Arbeit.
36
Šerytė, Ligita. "Vyresniųjų klasių mokinių asmeninė bausmių patirtis ir nuostatos į bausmes šeimoje". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050606_071504-20945.
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In der Magisterarbeit wird der Einfluss der Strafenpraxis auf die Einstellungen zur Kindererziehung analysiert. Man versucht zu erschließen, wie die in der Kindheit erlittenen Strafen die Meinung eines jungen Menschen zum Thema Strafen in der Familie beeinflussen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden theoretische Aspekte der Strafen, die Strafenauffassung von verschiedenen Autoren, die auf diesem Gebiet durchgeführten wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen, die Einteilung der Strafen, ihre Anwendungsbedingungen u.a. vorgestellt. Durch die Analyse der wissenschaftlichen Literatur wird versucht, den Einfluss der körperlichen und verbalen Strafen auf die Persönlichkeit eines Kindes zu erschließen. In Anlehnung an die analysierte wissenschaftliche Literatur wird das theoretisch- hypothetische Modell konstruiert, wie die erlebten Strafen die Einstellungen zur Strafenanwendung beeinflussen. Im zweiten Teil der Magisterarbeit wird eine Untersuchung vorgestellt, welche persönlichen Erfahrungen die Schüler der oberen Klassen mit familialen Strafen und welche Einstellungen sie zu den Strafen in der Familie haben. An der Untersuchung haben 322 Respondenten teilgenommen. Man formuliert eine Schlussfolgerung- die Hypothese darüber, dass ein junger Mensch in seiner eigenen Familie von demselben Strafenmodell, das er als Kind erlebt hat, ausgeht, hat sich als richtig erwiesen.
37
Klier, Gerhard. "Die drei Geister des Menschen : die sogenannte Spirituslehre in der frühen Neuzeit /". Stuttgart : Franz Steiner, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40080982s.
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Lang, Adelheid K. "A.B. Marx's Concept of Rondo and Sonata: A Critical Evaluation of His Explanations of Musical Form". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500789/.
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The third volume of A.B. Marx's theory treatise Die Lehre von der musikalischen Komposition is discussed. His definitions of rondo and sonata formal types are demonstrated in the first chapter in addition to the manner of their derivation through a developmental process originating in the Liedform. Musical examples chosen by Marx are examined in chapter two. These examples, taken from Mozart's and Beethoven's piano works, are evaluated in relation to Marx's definitions of the various types of form. The third chapter is concerned with the progression from microstructure to macrostructure and the functional interrelation of the parts to the whole. In addition, Marx's opinion on musical form is compared with perspectives of philosophers from his time period and the immediate past.
39
Aderhold, Madeleine. "Zwischen Entwicklungsroman und Romantasy : Komparative Konfliktlösung in deutschsprachiger Fantasyliteratur anhand der Edelstein und Zeit Trilogie". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Tyska, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-31653.
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Diese Examensarbeit vergleicht zwei phantastische Jugendbücher aus dem Bereich der Romantic Fantasy (Romantasy) und analysiert inwiefern diese als Entwicklungsromane gelten. Die Trilogien sind die Edelstein Trilogie von Kerstin Gier und die Zeit Trilogie von Sandra Regnier. Der erste Abschnitt definiert und zeigt die Merkmale und Muster von Entwicklungsromanen, Fantasy und Romantasy auf. Der zweite Teil analysiert beide Trilogien auf ihre dargestellten Konflikte, die die Protagonisten bewältigen müssen und deren erfolgten Entwicklungsprozess. Es wird gezeigt wie phantastische Aspekte den Entwicklungsprozess beeinflussen und wo sich Merkmale des Entwicklungsromans in moderner Jugendbuchliteratur wiederfinden lassen.
40
Johansson, Anders S. "„Aber an ihn, an IHN glaube ich noch immer….“ Die Sprache der Diktatur – eine linguistische Untersuchung von Neujahrsreden im Völkischen Beobachter und im Neuen Deutschland". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för tyska, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100998.
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Sailer, Anke. "Bauplanungsrecht und Monitoring : die Umsetzung der Plan-UP-Richtlinie in das deutsche Recht /". Göttingen : V & R unipress, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/506737284.pdf.
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Adomavičiūtė, Dina. "Uždarosios akcinės bendrovės vienasmenio valdymo organo teisinės padėties Lietuvoje ir Vokietijoje analizė". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100224_114149-56959.
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Lietuvos teisėje, reguliuojant uždarosios akcinės bendrovės vadovo teisinę padėtį, kyla nemažai prieštaravimų. Nors teisės aktuose yra įtvirtinta organinė juridinių asmenų valdymo organų teorija, teismų praktikoje bendrovės vadovas laikomas įstatyminiu bendrovės atstovu. Be to, Akcinių bendrovių įstatyme nurodyta, jog su bendrovė vadovu privalo būti sudaroma darbo sutartis. Darbo sutarties sudarymas suponuoja darbo teisės normų taikymą. Kai kurie darbo teisėje įtvirtinti imperatyvai (pavyzdžiui, griežta darbuotojų atleidimo tvarka) trukdo taikyti įprastas bendrovių teisės normas (pavyzdžiui, akcininkų teisę bet kuriuo metu, nepriklausomai nuo jokių aplinkybių atšaukti bendrovės vadovą iš pareigų). Taigi, faktinė bendrovės vadovo teisinės padėties reglamentavimo situacija yra gana problematiška. Tuo tarpu Vokietijoje, taikant organinę teoriją, daroma išvada, kad bendrovės vadovas yra bendrovės organas, arba organinis jos atstovas, su kuriuo bendrovė sudaro paslaugų teikimo sutartį. Darbe daroma išvada, jog siekiant išspręsti Lietuvos teisėje iškilusias problemas, verta pritaikyti Vokietijoje įtvirtintą ribotos atsakomybės bendrovės vadovo statuso modelį. Analogiško modelio Lietuvoje įgyvendinimui, darbe yra pateikiami konkretūs teisės aktų pakeitimų pasiūlymai ir rekomendacijos.Im litauischen Recht gibt es erhebliche Kontroversen in der Regulierung der wichtigsten Rechtsordnungen der Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung. Obwohl die Organtheorie in den Rechtsvorschriften verankert ist, ist der Geschäftsführer laut der Rechtsprechung der gesetzliche Vertreter des Unternehmens. Darüber hinaus ordnen die Gesetze der Gesellschaft mit beschränkten Haftung und der Aktiengesellschaft, dass der Arbeitsvertrag mit dem Geschäftsführer der Gesellschaft abgeschlossen werden muss. Arbeitsvertrag bezeugt die Anwendung der Vorschriften des Arbeitsrechts. Ein Teil der arbeitsrechtlichen Gesetze (wie die strenge Vorschriften über die Entlassungen) schließt die Anwendung des traditionellen Gesellschaftsrechts (z. B. dass die Aktionäre jederzeit, unabhängig von Umständen den Geschäftsführer absetzen dürfen) aus. So ist der rechtliche Status des Geschäftsführers ziemlich problematisch. In Deutschland besagt die Organtheorie, dass der Geschäftsführer das ausführende Organ der Gesellschaft ist, ihr organschaftlicher Vertreter, mit dem das Unternehmen Dienstleistungsverträge abschließt. In dieser Arbeit wird festgestellt, dass wenn man die im litauischen Recht entstandenen Probleme lösen möchte, das Model der rechtlichen Stellung des Geschäftsführers aus dem deutschen Recht der Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung übernehmen sollte. Um ein analogisches Model in Litauen einführen zu können werden in der Arbeit konkrete Vorschläge und Empfehlungen gegeben.
43
Weymann, Ulrike. "Intermediale Grenzgänge : "Das Gespräch der drei Gehenden" von Peter Weiss, "Gehen" von Thomas Bernhard und "Die Lehre der Sainte-Victoire" von Peter Handke /". Heidelberg : Winter, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2945442&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Bae, Jeong-Ho. "Kants transzendentale Deduktion der Kategorien als Begründung der Metaphysik der Natur /". Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-2976-2.htm.
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Seidler, Andreas. "Der Reiz der Lektüre : Wielands Don Sylvio und die Autonomisierung der Literatur". Heidelberg Winter, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3055743&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
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Theissen, Bernhard. "Die Collembolenzönosen ausgewählter Feldraine in drei unterschiedlichen Agrarlandschaften Deutschlands und die Bedeutung der Bodenfauna in der ökologischen Risikobewertung stofflicher Beeinträchtigungen aus der Agrarpaxis". Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000781542/04.
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Ostroumov, Ivan Victorovich. "Расчёт точности дальномерного оборудования DME для определённой высоты полёта и геометриии взаимного расположения". Thesis, Национальный авиационный университет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/28123.
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Рассмотрен процесс оценивания точности выдерживания заданной лини положения по дальномерному оборудованию DME. Оценивание выполнено для пар навигационных средств с учётом оптимального их расположения в пространстве. Разработана структурная схема программного обеспечения для расчёта точности, выполнено моделирование для конкретной зоны воздушного пространства.
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Thibau, Tereza Cristina Sorice Baracho. "A legitimação ativa nas ações coletivas: um contributo para o estudo da substituição processual". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/DIRE-5SFJMX.
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The objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze all possible ways in
interpreting the present-days Brazilian National Law, which assignment is to promote protection of the third generation new rights or interests, called trans individual, that has been risen to the fundamental warranties category. The Judicial Process Law discussions imposed by mass conflicts that are seen nowadays as globalization phenomena reflex, collectivism and popularization trend, imposed on social relationships, lead us to believe in the public law privatization and in the private law publicizing. This situation was analyzed focusing, first, the
traditional juridical doctrine, and afterwards new items in order to adequate it to the needs ofthe present-day law. Taking that into account, it became necessary to exam the active legitimating ofthe intermediate figures to which the law has pointed as representative of the groups in Court. As part (ideological author) in the collective juridical process, the
intermediating figures will be affected by all rights and obligations, applied by the process conditions. It would also be possible to imagine these representatives as process substitutes ofcollectivism (extraordinary legitimating). The juridical nature of active legitimating of these intermediating figures is subject to further discussion; there are tendencies of the doctrine to discriminate it according to the sort of trans individual interest that is needed to protect (diffuse, collective or homogeneous individual). It is believed that this juridical nature is of a
collective institutional legitimating as a tertium gemus, which is characterized by presenting traces of collective, extraordinary and ordinary legitimating, simultaneously. Furthermore, considering that there is more than one legitimated figure to act in Court in the name of the collectivity, this legitimating will be equal in rights to act and also disjunctive.
Besides the legitimating to juridical act, it should be examined the level of
interest that the representatives need to demonstrate in order to meet the conditions to exercise their rights. This juridical process interest is measured by political adequate choice made by the Law to indicate the General Attorney's Office, the public figures, the entities of direct and indirect public administration departments, and associations (unions), as collectivity representatives. This choice was based both in the social
importance of the juridical properties guarded in collective actions, and also in the potentiality and capacity ofperforming that those figures might have in this subject field. Examining the juridical proceedings that comprise the acfive legitimating and the intermediating figures interest in performing, besides the object and the effects of the judged matter in the collective actions, it should be verified that there is no perfect adequacy of the processing substitution intrinsic to the position hold by those
intermediating figures in the juridical process. However, it cannot be denied that there are also similarities between the juridical institute of the process substitution and the condition of the collective institutional representative of those mentioned before. The juridical process law itself, as it is, does not make it easy to be safely interpreted in this subject area. Nevertheless, what can be seen is that there was a change, by juridical
fiction, in the "part" concept, being considered "part" the one that was legitimated to propose the juridical action, and that fact became essential for the processing law being able to comprise collective conflicts.
On the other hand, there is within the Brazilian Law, an integrated system
that protects the trans individual rights and interests represented, essentially, by people, public civil and collective actions of the Costumer Defense Code, which satisfies the access of these individual rights and interests to the Justice. It cannot be forgotten the individual means that is always opened and upon which, the use of collective means
will not lead to a pending juridical action. It is necessary that the people who deal directly with Laws obey this integrated system to avoid deviations and mistakes related to the relevance that the theme deserves, although, this theme contiO trabalho visa a analisar os possíveis caminhos a serem traçados na interpretação do Direito nacional contemporâneo, que vem se empenhando na tarefa de promover a proteção dos novos direitos ou interesses de terceira geração, denominados metaindividuais, os quais forma elevados à categoria de garantias findamentais. As discussões jurídico-processuais impostas pelos conflitos de massa que hoje se verificam como reflexo dos fenômenos da globalização, coletivização e massificação imprimidas nas relações sociais, levam a pensar na privatização do direito público e na publicização do direito privado. Buscou-se então uma análise desta situação, focalizando inicialmente a doutrina jurídica tradicional, e posteriormente os novos enfoques que precisam ser a esta dirigidos, para adequá-las às necessidades do direito atual. Dentro deste panorama, surgiu a necessidade de se examinar a legitimação ativa dos entes intermediários, aos quais a lei conferiu a tarefa de representação das coletividades em juízo. Assumindo a posição de parte (autor ideológico) no processo coletivo, os entes intermediários estão afetados por todos os direitos e deveres que tal condição processual lhes destina. E, em princípio, poder-se-ia imaginar para estes a condição também de substitutos processuais (legitimação extraordinária) da coletividade. A natureza jurídica da legitimação ativa destes entes é matéria que ainda está em construção; há tendência da doutrina em diferenciá-la conforme a espécie de interesse metaindividual que se visa a proteger (difuso, coletivo ou individual homogêneo). Acredita-se que tal natureza é de ligitimação institucional coletiva, como um terium genus, a qual se caracteriza por apresentar traços da legitimação ordinária, extraordinária e coletiva, simultaneamente. E, visto que há mais de um ente legitimado a atuar em juízo em nome da coletividade, esta legitimação será também concorrente e disjuntiva. Além da legitimação para agir, examina-se o grau de interesse para agir, que tais entes precisam demonstrar, para que estejam completas as condições para o exercício do direito de ação destes. Tal interesse processual é medido pela adequação da escolha política que a lei fez ao indicar o Ministério Público, os entes públicos, as entidades e órgãos da administração pública direta ou indireta, e as associações (sidicatos), como representantes da coletividade. Esta escolha fundou-se tanto na relevância social dos bens jurídicos tutelados nas ações coletivas, como na força e capacidade de atuação que tais corpos podem significar nesta seara. Partindo-se do exame das circunstâncias processuais que cercam a legitimação ativa e o interesse de agir dos entes intermediários, além do objeto e dos efeitos da coisa julgada nas ações coletivas, verifica-se que não existe uma perfeita adequação da figura da substituição processual como inerente à posição ocupada no processo por tais entes. Todavia, não se pode negar que também existam semelhanças entre a figura do substituto processual e a condição de 'representante' institucional da coletividade àqueles referentes. A própria lei processual, assim como está, não facilita interpretações muito seguras neste campo. Entretanto, o que se verifica de concreto é que houve uma modificação, por ficção jurídica, no conceito de 'parte', passando a ser concebido como aquele que foi legitimado a intentar a ação, e tal fato tornou-se indispensável para que o direito processual pudesse acobertar os conflitos coletivos. Por outro lado, existe no direito brasileiro um sistema integrado de defesa dos direitos e interesses metaindividuais representado essencialmente pela ação popular, ação civil pública e ações coletivas do Código de Defesa do Consumidor, que garantem satisfatóriamente o acesso destes à justiça. Sem se esquecer da via individual que se mantém aberta e sobre a qual, o uso da via coletiva não induzirá litispendência. É necessário que os operadores do direito obedeçam a tal sistema, para evitar que ocorram desvios e enganos em relação à relevância que o tema merece, embora, quanto a este, continue palpitante e aberta as discussões doutrinárias e legislativas.
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Roberto, Giordano Bruno Soares. "O Direito Civil nas Academias Jurídicas do Império". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/DIRE-7PYKYE.
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The following work intends to analyse how the teaching and literature production of private law took place in the law academies of the Empire. First of all it offers information about the foundation of law schools in Brazil. Then, it indicates the main data about the carrier and production of the professors who occupied the private law chairs in the first two Schools. Last of all, it takes into consideration the quality and
effectualness both of the teaching as well as of the bibliographical issue of private law in the above place and period.O presente trabalho pretende analisar o modo como se deram o ensino e a produção bibliográfica de direito civil nas Academias Jurídicas do Império. Inicialmente, oferece informações sobre a fundação dos cursos jurídicos no Brasil. Em seguida, indica os principais dados sobre a carreira e a produção bibliográfica dos professores que ocuparam as cátedras destinadas à matéria em ambas as Escolas. Por fim, proporciona reflexões sobre qualidade e relevância tanto do ensino quanto da produção bibliográfica de direito civil nos espaços e no período anteriormente indicados.
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Faria, Juliana Cordeiro de. "Seguro facultativo de responsabilidade civil: a problemática do direito de ação da vítima contra a seguradora na perspectiva do código civil de 2002". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/DIRE-6APTKV.
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Na elaboração da presente tese visando a obtenção do título de doutor, para fins metodológicos, considerou-se importante redigir uma introdução com o intuito de demostrar a originalidade do seu propósito. A importância resulta do fato de que, no direito brasileiro muito já se escreveu acerca do problema admissibilidade do exercício do direito de ação pela vítima diretamente contra a seguradora visando o ressarcimento dos danos provocados pelo segurado, nos contratos de seguro facultativo de responsabilidade civil. A circunstancia de já existir literatura a respeito do tema poderia provocar dúvida quanto ao preenchimento pelo presente trabalho do requisito da originalidade, essencial a sua qualificação como tese de doutoramento. A tese não deveria veicular um tema original, isto é, totalmente novo? Como então considerar-se original a escolha de um tema que já foi anteriormente explorado pela comunidade científica na área do direito? A dúvida não tem, todavia, sua razão de ser se resgatado o verdadeiro sentido da originalidade e do propósito de uma tese. E ainda,se for considerado em específico os objetivos buscados com o presente estudo e a metodologia adotada no tratamento do tema.