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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Earthquake effects"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 30 de julio de 2024

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1

Justo, J. L., and C. Salwa. "The 1531 Lisbon earthquake." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 88, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0880020319.

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Abstract In January 1531, the Tagus River Estuary was hit by a strong earthquake, the intensity of which in Lisbon was, according to relevant authors, greater than that of the 1755 earthquake. It was cited by most of the European annalists of the time and was responsible for the destruction of structures, the loss of lives, and enormous panic, thus making it one of the most disastrous earthquakes in the history of Portugal. If we give credit to the detailed descriptions, the maximum intensity was probably X MSK. According to our study, the seismic event was probably caused by the Lower Tagus f

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2

Hinojosa, Hector R. "The Importance of Assessing the Geological Site Effects of Ancient Earthquakes from the Archaeoseismological Point of View." Eng 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2023): 719–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4010043.

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Earthquakes have and continue to, occur worldwide, though some places are affected more than others by earthquake-induced ground shaking and the same earthquake can cause more damage in one area than in nearby locations due to site-specific geological site conditions, also known as local site effects. Depending on the chronology of the earthquakes, various disciplines of seismology include instrumental and historical seismology, archaeoseismology, palaeoseismology and neotectonics, each focusing on using specific sources of information to evaluate recent or ancient earthquakes. Past earthquake

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3

Maslyaev, A. V. "RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM DOES NOT RECOGNIZE THE IMPACT OF REPEATED EARTHQUAKES ON CONSTRUCTION SITES." ASJ. 1, no. 38 (July 14, 2020): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/asj.2707-9864.2020.1.38.12.

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Today, many learned builders know that earthquakes in the territory of, for example, a settlement can manifest themselves in the form of the first most powerful earthquake (main underground shock), which is usually followed by a series of weaker repeated earthquakes (repetitive shocks). There are many examples of such a sequence of manifestations of strong earthquakes in a certain territory, when tens of thousands of people die in destroyed buildings during repeated exposure earthquakes. It is thanks to these examples that scientists, builders, understand the main cause of death due to repeate

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4

Ouyang, Xin-Yan, Yong-Fu Wang, Xue-Min Zhang, Ya-Lu Wang, and Ying-Yan Wu. "A New Analysis Method for Magnetic Disturbances Possibly Related to Earthquakes Observed by Satellites." Remote Sensing 14, no. 11 (June 5, 2022): 2709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14112709.

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Studies on magnetic disturbances in ultralow frequency ranges related to earthquakes observed by satellites are still limited. Based on Swarm satellites, this paper proposes a new analysis method to investigate pre-earthquake magnetic disturbances by excluding some known non-earthquake magnetic effects that are not confined to those caused by intense geomagnetic activity. This method is demonstrated by two earthquake cases. One is an interplate earthquake, and the other is an intraplate earthquake. Magnetic disturbances around these two earthquakes are associated with solar wind and geomagneti

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5

Hough, Susan E., and Stacey S. Martin. "Which Earthquake Accounts Matter?" Seismological Research Letters 92, no. 2A (January 20, 2021): 1069–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200366.

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Abstract Earthquake observations contributed by human observers provide an invaluable source of information to investigate both historical and modern earthquakes. Commonly, the observers whose eyewitness accounts are available to scientists are a self-selected minority of those who experience a given earthquake. As such these may not be representative of the overall population that experienced shaking from the event. Eyewitness accounts can contribute to modern science only if they are recorded in the first place and archived in an accessible repository. In this study, we explore the extent to

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6

Cicekli Kandemir, Tugce, Cigdem Kuloglu, and Filiz Aslan. "Effects of Earthquake on Children's Health and Responsibilities of Nurses." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Health Sciences 7, no. 2 (December 6, 2023): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijeths.v7i2.9299.

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Abstract The earthquake, which is one of the natural disasters whose time cannot be determined and causes negative consequences such as the death of many living things, financial losses, and psychological problems, has great effects especially on children. Earthquake has many negative effects on children physically, socially and psychologically. Children have negative consequences such as sleep and eating problems due to fear and anxiety, lack of hygiene, deterioration in family earthquakes, disruption of squinting, drinking, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Apart from these, musculoskeleta

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7

Inoue, Yuta, Kazutomo Ohashi, Yuko Ohno, Takako Fujimaki, Anna Tsutsui, Ling Zha, and Tomotaka Sobue. "Pregnant women’s migration patterns before childbirth after large-scale earthquakes and the added impact of concerns regarding radiation exposure in Fukushima and five prefectures." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): e0272285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272285.

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The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (within Fukushima, Iwate, and Miyagi prefectures) was a complex disaster; it caused a tsunami and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, resulting in radiation exposure. This study investigated the earthquake’s effects on the migration patterns of pregnant women and their concerns regarding radiation exposure. We also considered the following large-scale earthquakes without radiation exposure: Great Hanshin-Awaji (Hyogo prefecture), Niigata-Chuetsu, and Kumamoto. Pregnant women were categorized as outflow and inflow pregnant women. Data on the

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8

Rathje, Ellen M., and Beverley J. Adams. "The Role of Remote Sensing in Earthquake Science and Engineering: Opportunities and Challenges." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 2 (May 2008): 471–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2923922.

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Earthquake science and engineering are experience-driven fields in which lessons are learned after each significant earthquake. Remote sensing represents a suite of technologies that can play a significant role in documenting the effects of earthquakes and lead to important developments in our understanding of earthquakes. This paper describes current remote sensing technologies and the experience to date in using them in earthquake studies. The most promising activities that may benefit from remote sensing data products are identified, as well as the challenges that may impede the widespread

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9

Hays, Walter W. "The 19 September 1985 Mexico Earthquake: Technical Problems." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 2, no. 1-4 (1986): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00030259.

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ABSTRACTThe September 19, 1985, Mexico earthquake reminded scientists and engineers of the importance of considering soil amplification effects in earthquake-resistant design. The Mexico earthquake illustrated the “worst case”—the ground response and the building response occurring at approximately the same period, 2 seconds. This resonance phenomenon was predictable on the basis of similar experiences in past earthquakes. A number of areas in the United States also exhibit significant predictable soil amplification effects. Special steps are needed in these areas to mitigate the potential dam

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10

KORKMAZ, Burak Can. "The Position and Importance of Earthquake Education in the World." EDUCATIONE 2, no. 2 (September 26, 2023): 246–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.58650/educatione.1330891.

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Earthquake education is significant for students to raise awareness and improve knowledge related to earthquakes. Literature on earthquakes emphasizes that people with high awareness and increased knowledge can effectively cope with the devastating effects. At this point, traditional teaching methods, such as drills and theoretical lessons, are inadequate, but innovative methods like virtual reality (VR) technology is more promising. However, there is no consensus on the ideal type of earthquake education. In the world, earthquake education significantly differs. Even though some countries are

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11

Grützner, Christoph, Richard Walker, Eleanor Ainscoe, Austin Elliott, and Kanatbek Abdrakhmatov. "Earthquake Environmental Effects of the 1992 MS7.3 Suusamyr Earthquake, Kyrgyzstan, and Their Implications for Paleo-Earthquake Studies." Geosciences 9, no. 6 (June 21, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060271.

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Large pre-historical earthquakes leave traces in the geological and geomorphological record, such as primary and secondary surface ruptures and mass movements, which are the only means to estimate their magnitudes. These environmental earthquake effects (EEEs) can be calibrated using recent seismic events and the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI2007). We apply the ESI2007 scale to the 1992 MS7.3 Suusamyr Earthquake in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan, because similar studies are sparse in that area and geological setting, and because this earthquake was very peculiar in its primary surface ruptu

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12

Na, Geonha, Donghee Ahn, and Sanghoon Kim. "Case Study on Soil Liquefaction Effects in Pohang Using GPR Scanning." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 22, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2022.22.4.119.

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Owing to the aftershocks of the Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes, the number of recent earthquakes (more than scale 2.0) has increased by approximately four to five times compared with previous years. There is a high possibility that earthquake damage and liquefaction will be caused by a strong earthquake in the future. Therefore, this study focused on the first liquefaction in Korea, which occurred in the 2017 Pohang earthquake (M5.4), and a field survey was conducted in the damaged area using portable two-dimensional ground penetrating radar (GPR) equipment. A detailed analysis of the damaged

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13

Reitherman, Robert. "Earthquakes that have initiated the development of earthquake engineering." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 39, no. 3 (September 30, 2006): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.39.3.145-157.

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The recent 75th anniversary of the 1931 Hawke’s Bay Earthquake reminds us that a particular earthquake can have a great effect on the development of engineering methods to contend with this natural hazard. Factors other than the occurrence of a single earthquake are also present before and after such a historically important event, and there are examples of countries that began on the path toward modern earthquake engineering in the absence of any particular earthquake playing an important causal role. An earthquake that was large in seismological (e.g. magnitude) or engineering (e.g. destruct

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14

Van Dissen, R., M. McSaveney, D. Townsend, G. Hancox, T. A. Little, W. Ries, N. Perrin, et al. "Landslides and liquefaction generated by the Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 46, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.46.4.196-200.

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Following both the Cook Strait earthquake (Mw 6.6; 21 July, 2013) and the Lake Grassmere earthquake (Mw 6.6; 16 August, 2013) reconnaissance visits were made of the epicentral regions to document the general distribution and extend of landslides, liquefaction, and other ground damage effects generated by these earthquakes. The extent of landsliding generated in central New Zealand by these two earthquakes was at the lower end of the expected range for shallow earthquakes of these magnitudes. Liquefaction effects generated by the Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes in central New Zealand

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15

Silva, Pablo G., Miguel A. Rodríguez-Pascua, Jorge L. Giner Robles, Javier Élez, Raúl Pérez-López, and M. Begoña Bautista Davila. "Catalogue of the Geological Effects of Earthquakes in Spain Based on the ESI-07 Macroseismic Scale: A New Database for Seismic Hazard Analysis." Geosciences 9, no. 8 (July 29, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9080334.

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This paper summarizes the content and scope of the “Catalogue of Earthquake Geological Effects in Spain”. The catalogue has been published by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) and constitutes the first official publication (in Spain) on seismic hazard containing geological information. The catalogue gathers the 51 stronger earthquakes that have occurred in Spain since the Neolithic period to the present and classifies earthquakes with geological or archaeological seismic records in paleoseismic, ancient, historical and instrumental earthquakes. The catalogue offers a variety of parametric

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16

Zhao, John X., Qingsong Yang, Kaiwei Su, Jiguan Liang, Jun Zhou, Heng Zhang, and Xinge Yang. "Effects of Earthquake Source, Path, and Site Conditions on Damping Modification Factor for the Response Spectrum of the Horizontal Component from Subduction Earthquakes." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 109, no. 6 (November 12, 2019): 2594–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120190105.

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Abstract Damping modification factors (DMFs) are important for estimating the response spectrum for the design of structures with different damping ratios. This study investigated the effects of earthquake source parameters (magnitude, source depth, and source categories), source distance (the closest distance from a site to a fault plane for large earthquakes and hypocentral distance for the other events), and site conditions on DMFs for the displacement and acceleration response spectra of the horizontal components of the records from Japan. This study used a total of 14,713 strong‐motion re

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17

Bray, Jonathan, Misko Cubrinovski, Joshua Zupan, and Merrick Taylor. "Liquefaction Effects on Buildings in the Central Business District of Christchurch." Earthquake Spectra 30, no. 1 (February 2014): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/022113eqs043m.

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The Canterbury earthquake sequence provides an exceptional opportunity to investigate the effects of varying degrees of liquefaction on the built environment. Many multistory buildings in the Central Business District were heavily damaged by liquefaction-induced ground movements during the Christchurch earthquake, but not by other earthquakes (e.g., the Darfield and June 2011 events). Cone penetration test (CPT)–based liquefaction triggering evaluations were conservative. The conservatism in the liquefaction triggering assessments led to post-liquefaction ground settlement estimates that were

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18

Maffei, Joe, and Paolo Bazzurro. "The 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 20, no. 1_suppl (July 2004): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1770976.

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On October 31 and November 1, 2002, two magnitude Mw 5.7 earthquakes struck the rural Molise region in southeastern Italy killing 30 people, 27 of whom were children trapped in the collapse of an elementary school. This paper summarizes the earthquake's effects and, as the introductory paper to Spectra's special issue on the Molise event, highlights the findings of ongoing studies of the technical and social lessons afforded by the disaster. In 1998 the area was declared a medium seismicity zone, but an administrative delay in updating the seismic zonation meant that up until the time of the e

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19

Majdi, Ali, and Radu Sorin Văcăreanu. "State of art regarding to quantify the consequences associated with building response to an earthquake shaking." E3S Web of Conferences 85 (2019): 08010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198508010.

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Earthquake loss estimation (ELE) refers to the analysis and study of the possible effects of an earthquake in a region or population and quantifies the consequences of the earthquake. The objective of this study is to provide an insight into earthquake loss estimation for the most common approaches by seeking to survey the current methodologies for quantifying the earthquakes' negative effects. Naturally, peoples search about desirable approaches to estimate of earthquakes costs and losses which are not predetermined to subsist as usual. Other issues related to those approaches are endeavor to

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20

SÖZEN, Erol, and Murat GENÇ. "ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR DEPREM FARKINDALIK DÜZEYLERİNİN FARKLI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ." Sakarya University Journal of Education 13, no. 4 (Disaster) (December 8, 2023): 550–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.19126/suje.1296398.

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Earthquakes have a significant impact on social, economic, and educational aspects of life. The negative effects of earthquakes on education and training are well documented. It is crucial to be adequately prepared to minimize these effects. This study aims to investigate the earthquake awareness of university students from a sustainable perspective. The survey model, a quantitative research method, was employed in this study. The research study comprised of 200 male (36.10%) and 354 female (63.90%) students who voluntarily participated from a university in the Western Black Sea Region during

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21

Shahbazi, Shahrokh, Iman Mansouri, Jong Wan Hu, Noura Sam Daliri, and Armin Karami. "Seismic Response of Steel SMFs Subjected to Vertical Components of Far- and Near-Field Earthquakes with Forward Directivity Effects." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (April 3, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2647387.

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In the near-field earthquake, forward directivity effects cause long-period pulse with a short effective time and a large domain in the velocity time history. This issue increases the ductility needs of structures, and in recent decades, the destructive effects of these kinds of records have been evaluated in comparison with far-field earthquakes. This brings about the necessity to compare a structure’s behavior subjected to vertical components of near-field (NF) earthquakes, including forward directivity effects vs. the effects of vertical components of far-field (FF) earthquakes. The present

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22

Polat, Esra, Engin Dondurmacı, Sedat Sakallı, and Ökkeş Karaburan. "A case of ventricular tachycardia after an earthquake." Journal of Cardiology & Cardiovascular Surgery 1, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/jccvs-0009.

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Severe earthquakes are a natural disaster with high morbidity and mortality. Loss of limbs, acute abdominal surgeries, infectious diseases, kidney failure, psychological illnesses are well-known health problems. Earthquakes also have negative effects on the cardiovascular system. Here, we present a patient who was stable before the earthquake but had episodes of ventricular tachycardia after the earthquake.

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23

Jenkins, Alex, Alison Rust, and Juliet Biggs. "relationship between large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions: A global statistical study." Volcanica 7, no. 1 (March 22, 2024): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30909/vol.07.01.165179.

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It is now generally accepted that large earthquakes can promote eruptions at nearby volcanoes. However, the prevalence of “triggered” eruptions, as well as the distance and timescale over which triggering occurs, remain unclear. Here, we use modern global earthquake and eruption records to compare volcanic eruption rates before and after large earthquakes with the time- averaged background eruption rate. We quantify the significance of observed deviations from the average eruption rate using Monte Carlo simulations. To integrate our findings with previous eruption triggering studies, we system

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24

Li, Q., and G. M. Xu. "Precursory pattern of tidal triggering of earthquakes in six regions of China: the possible relation to the crustal heterogeneity." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 10 (October 18, 2013): 2605–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-2605-2013.

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Abstract. We found the possible correlation between the precursory pattern of tidal triggering of earthquakes and the crustal heterogeneities, which is of particular importance to the researchers in earthquake prediction and earthquake hazard prevention. We investigated the connection between the tidal variations and earthquake occurrence in the Liyang, Wunansha, Cangshan, Wenan, Luquan and Yaoan regions of China. Most of the regions show a higher correlation with tidal triggering in several years preceding the large or destructive earthquakes compared to other times, indicating that the tidal

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25

Shakirova, A. A. "SEISMIC EFFECTS AHEAD OF KARYMSKY VOLCANO (KAMCHATKA) EXPLOSIONS IN FEBRUARY 2019." BULLETIN OF KAMCHATKA REGIONAL ASSOCIATION «EDUCATIONAL-SCIENTIFIC CENTER». EARTH SCIENCES 1, no. 53 (2022): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2022-1-53-12-23.

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After a short period of quiescence, in February 2019, Karymsky volcano (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia) became active. During the month, a large number of moderate explosions were recorded, some of which were preceded with some periodicity by long-period earthquakes with a high degree of similarity of waveforms. The duration of the multiplet events that preceded the explosions ranged from 4 to 70 minutes. The period between earthquakes decreased as the multiplets developed. The amplitude of earthquake records either increased or remained at the same level. The multiplets with higher amplitude of

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26

Penava, Davorin, Marin Valinčić, Ante Vrban, Lars Abrahamczyk, Ivica Guljaš, and Ivan Kraus. "The Effects of Strong Earthquakes on Built Heritage: A Preliminary Case Study of Rector’s Palace in Dubrovnik’s Old City." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (October 16, 2023): 14926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014926.

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The Old City of Dubrovnik’s historical urban heritage architecture, consisting of poorly to well-built irregular stone masonry construction, is at high risk of earthquakes. It was enlisted as a UNESCO World Heritage after the severely damaging 1979 Mw = 7.1 Montenegro earthquake. Retrofitting strategies to a certain degree of earthquake protection have been made to the monument heritage architecture after repeating destructive earthquakes for several centuries. The originally 13th-century Rector’s Palace underwent several major modifications throughout history after disastrous events: fire in

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27

Naik, Sambit Prasanajit, Ohsang Gwon, Sabina Porfido, Kiwoong Park, Kwangmin Jin, Young-Seog Kim, and Jai-Bok Kyung. "Intensity Reassessment of the 2017 Pohang Earthquake Mw = 5.4 (South Korea) Using ESI-07 Scale." Geosciences 10, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10110471.

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The earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) around the epicentral area of the Pohang earthquake (Mw-5.4) that occurred on 15 November 2017 have been collected and classified using the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI-07 scale) proposed by the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) focus group. The shallow-focus 15 November Pohang earthquake did not produce any surface rupture, but caused extensive secondary environmental effects and damage to life-line structures. This earthquake was one of the most damaging earthquakes during the instrumental seismic era of the Korean P

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28

Pura, Turgut, Peri Güneş, Ali Güneş, and Ali Alaa Hameed. "Earthquake Prediction for the Düzce Province in the Marmara Region Using Artificial Intelligence." Applied Sciences 13, no. 15 (July 27, 2023): 8642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13158642.

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By definition, an earthquake is a naturally occurring event. This natural event may be a disaster that causes significant damage, loss of life, and other economic effects. The possibility of predicting a natural event such as an earthquake will minimize the negative effects mentioned above. In this study, data collection, processing, and data evaluation regarding earthquakes were carried out. Earthquake forecasting was performed using the RNN (recurrent neural network) method. This study was carried out using seismic data with a magnitude of 3.0 and above of the Düzce Province between 1990 and

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29

Mann, Michael Everett, and Geoffrey A. Abers. "First‐Order Mantle Subduction‐Zone Structure Effects on Ground Motion: The 2016 Mw 7.1 Iniskin and 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage Earthquakes." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190197.

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Abstract The 24 January 2016 Iniskin, Alaska earthquake, at Mw 7.1 and 111 km depth, is the largest intermediate‐depth earthquake felt in Alaska, with recorded accelerations reaching 0.2g near Anchorage. Ground motion from the Iniskin earthquake is underpredicted by at least an order of magnitude near Anchorage and the Kenai Peninsula, and is similarly overpredicted in the back‐arc north and west of Cook Inlet. This is in strong contrast to the 30 November 2018 earthquake near Anchorage that was also Mw 7.1 but only 48 km deep. The Anchorage earthquake signals show strong distance decay and ar

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30

Kaya, Basturk, and Caner Aladag. "Determining the Cognitive Structures of Geography Teacher Candidates on “Earthquake”." International Education Studies 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n1p122.

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The objective of this study is to determine the cognitive structures of the students of geography teaching department by identifying their conceptual frameworks about the concept of earthquake. A case study design from qualitative research approaches was used in this research. Sample group of the study constitutes 155 students from the Department of Geography Teaching who took the course of natural disasters. Free Word Association Test was used to collect the data. The data were evaluated according to the content analysis, categories were formed according to the results of this evaluation and

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Turgay Yıldırım, Özge, Demet Laflı Tunay, and Ayşegül Turgay. "The Impacts of The Earthquake on The Cardiovascular System." Cukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1270533.

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Introduction: Various physiological and psychological effects of earthquakes can be seen on the human body, even without a direct physical impact from the earthquake. Both the experience of the earthquake process and the earthquake-related subsequent life changes cause stress through the activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in the body. This stress can affect various physiological processes, including the cardiovascular system. In this review, the effect of earthquakes on the cardiovascular system was aimed to be discussed in line with the available evidence. Discussion: T

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32

Hirahara, Kazuro. "Toward Advanced Earthquake Cycle Simulation." Journal of Disaster Research 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2009): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2009.p0099.

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Recent earthquake cycle simulation based on laboratory derived rate and state friction laws with super-parallel computers have successfully reproduced historical earthquake cycles. Earthquake cycle simulation is thus a powerful tool for providing information on the occurrence of the next Nankai megathrust earthquake, if simulation is combined with data assimilation for historical data and recently ongoing crustal activity data observed by networks extending from the land to the ocean floor. Present earthquake cycle simulation assumes simplifications in calculation, however, that differ from ac

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33

Kitzberger, Thomas, Thomas T. Veblen, and Ricardo Villalba. "Tectonic influences on tree growth in northern Patagonia, Argentina: the roles of substrate stability and climatic variation." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25, no. 10 (October 1, 1995): 1684–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x95-182.

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In northern Patagonia, Argentina, we examined the influences of climatic variation and inter-site variation in substrate stability on the dendroecological effects of earthquakes. In association with the great earthquake in 1960 centered off the coast of nearby Valdivia, Chile, extensive tree mortality occurred in northern Patagonia in Nothofagusdombeyi–Austrocedruschilensis stands on unstable debris fans. To examine the effects of the 1960 and earlier earthquakes on tree growth, we developed tree-ring chronologies from samples of the surviving A. chilensis on unstable debris fan sites and at a

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34

Naik, Sambit Prasanajit, Klaus Reicherter, Miklos Kázmér, Jens Skapski, Asmita Mohanty, and Young-Seog Kim. "Archeoseismic Study of Damage in Medieval Monuments around New Delhi, India: An Approach to Understanding Paleoseismicity in an Intraplate Region." GeoHazards 5, no. 1 (February 14, 2024): 142–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geohazards5010007.

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The seismic shaking observed around Delhi and the surrounding region due to near-field and far-field earthquakes is a matter of concern for the seismic safety of the national capital of India, as well as the historical monuments of the region. Historical seismicity indicates that the Delhi region has been affected by several damaging earthquakes originating from the Himalayan region as far-field events, as well as due to near-field earthquakes with epicenters close to Delhi. The historical records, along with recent archeoseismological studies, suggest that Qutab Minar, a UNESCO World Heritage

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Islam, MS, N. Sultana, N. Bushra, LN Banna, TR Tusher, and MA Ansary. "Effects of Earthquake on Urbanization in Dhaka City." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 6, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22049.

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Recent earthquakes with low to moderate magnitude very close to Dhaka are certainly indications of its earthquake source and vulnerability. The study was conducted to bring out the present earthquake vulnerability status of 10 wards, out of 91 wards, in Dhaka and to assume the probable loss of lives and property by studying the previous records in the city and getting respondents opinion about it. The ward no. 15 show higher building density with older age of building i.e. more than 30 years of age, and present more unreinforced buildings than other wards which might be the cause of increased

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36

Jalal Kamali, H., A. A. Bidokhti, and H. Amiri. "Relation between integral effect of sub-surface temperature variation (<i>I</i>) and seismic effects." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 6 (November 5, 2009): 1815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1815-2009.

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Abstract. There will be a change in the Earth's local sub-surface thermal structure before and/or after an earthquake. In this work we have introduced a new parameter (I) which relates integral effect of temperature variation and seismic activity. This parameter in its various forms integrates the temperature variations during one year before and after earthquake. Some recent earthquakes are chosen throughout Iran on Alps-Himalayas fault zone with magnitudes 4.5 and more. Subsurface temperatures up to one meter depth measured in nearby weather stations are used as there is no deeper data avail

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37

Hegai, Valery, Zhima Zeren, and Sergey Pulinets. "Seismogenic Field in the Ionosphere before Two Powerful Earthquakes: Possible Magnitude and Observed Ionospheric Effects (Case Study)." Atmosphere 14, no. 5 (April 30, 2023): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050819.

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A retrospective analysis of complex geophysical data around the time of the two most powerful earthquakes that occurred in Alaska and had magnitudes M = 8.2 (29 July 2021) and M = 9.2 (28 March 1964), respectively, is carried out. The aim of the research is to assess the maximum possible magnitude of the electric field of a seismogenic nature that penetrated the ionosphere/plasmasphere, which could cause the ionospheric effects observed experimentally. Theoretical calculations have shown that under the geophysical conditions that existed before these earthquakes (favorable for the penetration

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38

Rovida, Andrea N., Paola Albini, Mario Locati, and Andrea Antonucci. "Insights into Preinstrumental Earthquake Data and Catalogs in Europe." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 5 (May 27, 2020): 2546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200058.

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Abstract In current catalogs, the parameters of preinstrumental earthquakes represent the final synthesis of earthquake records of very different type, quality, and reliability. Parameters may be derived from actual and contemporary observations of earthquake effects interpreted as intensity distributions or may be supplied by later seismological studies and descriptive catalogs, consisting of the reinterpretation of already interpreted accounts. The content of earthquake catalogs results from piling data of different origin, interpreted according to diverse approaches. Consequently, the homog

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39

Gao, Lei, Xiaoxue Liu, Yiming Zhao, Longjie Chen, Yihua Que, and Zining Wang. "The effect of provincial policies on seismic disaster mitigation in China: An empirical study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (July 9, 2024): e0306867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306867.

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With the development of earthquake disaster reduction efforts in China, the content of earthquake disaster reduction policies has become increasingly enriched and improved. Particularly, multiple provincial governments have proposed earthquake disaster reduction planning policies. It is important to explore whether these policies can affect disaster mitigation. Therefore, this paper summarizes the earthquake disaster reduction plans and factors influencing seismic resilience. Panel data from 24 provinces between 2012 and 2021 were collected, and a difference-in-differences approach was used to

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40

Lekkas, E., S. Mavroulis, and V. Alexoudi. "FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF THE 2015 (NOVEMBER 17, MW 6.4) LEFKAS (IONIAN SEA, WESTERN GREECE) EARTHQUAKE IMPACT ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND BUILDING STOCK OF LEFKAS ISLAND." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 1 (July 27, 2017): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11751.

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On Tuesday, November 17, 2015 at 07:10:07 (UTC) a strong earthquake struck Lefkas Island (Ionian Sea, Western Greece) with magnitude Mw 6.4, depth of about 7 km and epicenter located 20 km southwest of Lefkas town. The seismic activity in the region was essentially expected after the 2003 Lefkas earthquake and the 2014 Cephalonia earthquakes. Between these earthquake affected areas, the tectonic stresses were not released after the 1948 Lefkas earthquakes. Instead, they were intensifying and accumulating until the generation of the 2015 event. It was felt in Lefkas and the surrounding region a

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Pérez-López, R., J. L. Giner-Robles, M. A. Rodríguez-Pascua, P. G. Silva, E. Roquero, T. Bardají, J. Elez, and P. Huerta. "Lichenometric dating of coseismic rockfall related to the Great Lisbon Earthquake in 1755 affecting the archaeological site of "Tolmo de Minateda" (Spain)." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementary Issues 62, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 271–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg_suppl/2019/0504.

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Dating earthquake geological effects associated with historical earthquakes gives us relevant information for estimating the seismic acceleration value experienced in the ground. Historical manuscripts describing earthquakes and its effects help to assign a seismic intensity about the ground motion. In this context, lichenometry represents a good semi-quantitative method for dating exposed rock surfaces related to earthquake phenomena. In this work, we have carried out a lichenometry analysis for dating a large rockfall located 700 km from the epicentre of the Great Lisbon Earthquake, which oc

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42

Liperovskaya, E. V., C. V. Meister, O. A. Pokhotelov, M. Parrot, V. V. Bogdanov, and N. E. Vasil'eva. "On Es-spread effects in the ionosphere connected to earthquakes." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 5 (August 22, 2006): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-741-2006.

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Abstract. In the present work, phenomena in the ionosphere are studied, which are connected with earthquakes (16 events) having a depth of less than 50 km and a magnitude M larger than 4. Analysed are night-time Es-spread effects using data of the vertical sounding station Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (φ=53.0°, λ=158.7°) from May 2004 until August 2004 registered every 15 min. It is found that the maximum distance of the earthquake from the sounding station, where pre-seismic phenomena are yet observable, depends on the magnitude of the earthquake. Further it is shown that 1–2 days before the eart

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MAVİ, Duran, and Gamze TUTİ. "The Reflections of Earthquakes on Education: Insights From School Managers." Sakarya University Journal of Education 13, no. 4 (Disaster) (December 24, 2023): 701–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.19126/suje.1380907.

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Earthquakes are natural disasters that can affect the performance of schools, educators, and student success. In light of the recent earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023, efforts by both authorities and researchers are underway to assess the effects of the earthquake on the education, staff, and students. In this regard, the perspectives of school managers who remained in their positions following the earthquakes and diligently fulfilled crucial responsibilities hold significant value. A limited number of studies have narrowly examined past educational crises caused by eart

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Toppozada, Tousson R., and Glenn Borchardt. "Re-evaluation of the 1836 “Hayward fault” and the 1838 San Andreas fault earthquakes." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 88, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 140–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0880010140.

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Abstract Current seismic hazard models include two major earthquakes (M ∼ 7) in the San Francisco Bay area that are close in space and time: an 1836 event on the northern Hayward fault and an 1838 event on the peninsula section of the San Andreas fault. Analysis and interpretation of the available historical accounts indicate that the 1836 event occurred east of Monterey Bay, far from the Hayward fault, and was of M ∼ 6¼. Also, the 1838 event was not confined to the 60-km peninsula San Andreas as current models indicate. Instead, faulting probably extended from San Francisco to San Juan Bautis

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45

Ortega, Roberto, Dana Carciumaru, Alfredo Aguirre, Israel Santillan, and Saúl Martínez. "Insights of the September 2007 Cerralvo Earthquake–Hurricane Henriette Crisis in La Paz, Mexico: Aftershocks Detection with Artificial Neural Networks." Seismological Research Letters 92, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200254.

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Abstract Disastrous earthquakes and hurricanes, in general, are not contemporaneous. Here, we report the 2007 Cerralvo earthquake that had stricken the Gulf of California (GoC) when Hurricane Henriette landed during the aftershock activity. The greatest aftershock struck almost at the same time with Hurricane Henriette inducing panic among the inhabitants of La Paz, Baja California, peninsula. After the earthquake’s main event, the disaster preparedness professionals’ effort focused more on hurricane protocols than on the effects that the earthquake’s aftershocks could have been produced. This

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46

ZHANG, CHUHAN. "THE PERFORMANCE OF DAMS DURING THE WENCHUAN 5-12 EARTHQUAKE AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE EVENT." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 05, no. 04 (November 2011): 309–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179343111100111x.

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The performance of dams and hydropower structures during the Wenchuan 5-12 Earthquake is reviewed. Experiences and lessons learned from the seismic catastrophe of the earthquake are summarized and comments and discussions are forwarded, on the following subjects: (1) current seismic design specifications for hydraulic structures; (2) reservoir triggered earthquakes; (3) effects of secondary earthquake disasters, especially landslides and barrier lakes; and (4) mitigation measures and facilities especially for rescue activities.

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47

Hiscock, Adam, Emily Kleber, Adam McKean, Ben Erickson, Greg McDonald, Richard Giraud, Jessica Castleton, and Steve Bowman. "The March 2020, Mw 5.7 Magna, Utah, earthquake—documentation of geologic effects and summary of new research." Geology of the Intermountain West 10 (March 24, 2023): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31711/giw.v10.pp113-129.

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The March 18, 2020, Mw 5.7 Magna earthquake was the largest earthquake in Utah since the 1992 ML 5.8 St. George earthquake. The Magna earthquake occurred in the northwest corner of the Salt Lake Valley, home to 1.2 million people. Immediately following the earthquake, the Utah Geological Survey organized teams to collect perishable field data on the geologic effects of ground shaking near the epicenter, as well as establish a web-based digital clearinghouse to collect, distribute, and archive data related to the earthquake. This earthquake also coincided with the beginning of the COVID-19 glob

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48

Abid, Muhammad, Haytham F. Isleem, Khan Shahzada, Afed Ullah Khan, Muhammad Kamal Shah, Salman Saeed, and Fahid Aslam. "Seismic Hazard Assessment of Shigo Kas Hydro-Power Project (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)." Buildings 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080349.

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In this paper, a seismic hazard assessment (SHA) of the Shigo Kas hydropower project has been performed by deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The previously developed MATLAB-based code has been used for deterministic SHA, incorporating local site effects through deep soil analysis. On the other hand, for probabilistic SHA, CRISIS 2007 has been used through diffuse areal source zones. The latest updated earthquake instrumental and historical catalogs have been developed. Based on the recommendations of the International Commission on Large Dams, peak ground acceleration (PGA) values fo

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Goswami, Nandona. "COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF SHEAR WALL AND BRACING ON MULTISTORIED BUILDING." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i02.020.

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High rise structures are susceptible to failure and collapse in case of earthquakes. Now a days, shear wall and steel bracings are most popular systems to resist lateral loads due to earthquakes. Both the systems have significant roles in reducing the damage caused due to lateral loads in case of an earthquake. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the performance of a G+9 story building with shear wall and bracing in seismic zone V and comparison has been made between the two systems to find the most suitable earthquake resistant structure. Response Spectrum Analysis has been perfo

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50

Aydan, Ömer, Nasir Zia Nasiry, Yoshimi Ohta, and Reşat Ulusay. "Effects of Earthquake Faulting on Civil Engineering Structures." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 12, no. 04 (October 2018): 1841007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431118410075.

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Ground motion characteristics, deformation and surface breaks of earthquakes depend upon the causative faults. Their effects on the seismic design of engineering structures are almost not considered in the present codes of design although there are attempts to include in some countries (i.e. USA, Japan, Taiwan, and Turkey). In this study, the authors first describe ground motions, crustal deformation and surface break observations caused by earthquakes having different faulting mechanism. Then some laboratory experiments were carried out to simulate the motions during normal and thrust faultin

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