Tesis sobre el tema "Ecografias"
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Rosa, Rui Gonçalo Silva. "Filtragem de ruído speckle em imagens clínicas de ecografia". Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/8012.
Texto completoBocanegra, García Cristina. "Alteraciones ecográficas secundarias a esquistosomiasis urinaria en un área de alta endemia". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666846.
Texto completoHuman schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease within the group of so-called "neglected diseases". It is estimated that roughly 240 million people are infected worldwide. In the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, located in the municipality of Cubal, Angola, where the present document was carried out, urinary schistosomiasis is a frequent diagnosis. However, the epidemiology in the area, the risk factors for its acquisition or the burden of disease in the area were unknown. This thesis includes two sonographic studies that analyze the level of morbidity secondary to schistosomiasis present in the city. They also study the role of urine analysis using reactive strips as possible markers of severity and the evolution of all these parameters after the completion of treatment. The main findings indicate that it is an area with one of the highest burden of disease in relation to urinary schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa; it shows also that urine dipsticks, and mainly proteinuria levels greater than 300 mg / dL, are useful to predict the presence of severe lesions; after six months of treatment the lesions revert in a very significant way, but they do not disappear completely. It is noteworthy that both works are based on the article included in the annex, made by the same team and published previously to the inscription in the doctoral program. This is the initial epidemiological study, which has as its main finding the detection of a very high prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis (61%) in schoolchildren, which qualifies the municipality as high risk for the development of complications, according to the World Health Organization, and therefore is tributary of the immediate start of preventive measures.
Carneiro, Bruno Correia. "Sexagem Fetal por Ecografia". Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/63715.
Texto completoCarneiro, Bruno Correia. "Sexagem Fetal por Ecografia". Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/63715.
Texto completoSerri, Caterina. "Storia degli ultrasuoni in ecografia". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Buscar texto completoVillalobos, Gálvez María Luisa. "Establecimiento de valores de referencia del tamaño ovárico y uterino en niñas sanas de 6 a 12 años de edad: correlación con estadío puberal y edad ósea". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671339.
Texto completoAntecedente: la ecografía pélvica del útero y los ovarios permite el diagnóstico de cambios en el desarrollo sexual. Aun así, los valores de referencia utilizados en España proceden de estudios antiguos que se condujeron en otros países. Objetivo: determinar valores de referencia de medidas uterinas y ováricas por ecografía y según estado puberal y edad ósea de en una población española de chicas sanas de entre 6 y 12 años de edad. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal de 221 chicas sanas realizado de 2017 a 2019. Se obtuvieron medidas ováricas y uterinas según la edad cronológica, edad ósea y estadío mamario de Tanner. Las curvas ROC permitieron evaluar el valor predictivo de las diferentes mediciones para Tanner 2. Resultados: describimos valores de referencia para todas las medidas ecográficas uterinas y ováricas. Las niñas en Tanner 2 tuvieron una edad media de 9.3 años (SD = 1.6) y un índice de masa corporal de 19.1 kg/m2. La proporción fundus-cervical cambiaba de 1:2 a 2:1 en 12 años de edad cronológica (62.5% con 2:1 proporción; p<0.0001) y 13 años de edad ósea (2:1 en 85.71%, p<0.0001). La longitud media uterina para Tanner 2 era 4.065 cm (SE=0.092; p<0.0001) y el volumen ovárico medio era 2.351 cm3 (SE=0.177; p<0.0001). LA edad ósea, el volumen ovárico y la longitud uterina eran buenos predictores de Tanner mamario 2. Conclusión: Este es el primer estudio que proporciona valores de referencia ecográficos uterinos y ováricos en una población española de chicas sanas 6 a 12 años de edad. El uso de de datos actualizados de una población específica aumenta la exactitud de diagnóstico.
Background: Pelvic ultrasonography (PUS) of the uterus and ovaries allows the diagnosis of changes in sexual development. However, the reference values used in Spain originate from old studies conducted in other countries. Objective: To determine reference uterine and ovarian measurements by PUS and according to pubertal status and bone age in a Spanish population of healthy girls aged between 6 and 12 years. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study performed on 221 healthy girls from 2017 to 2019. Ovarian and uterine measurements were described and associated with chronological age, bone age and Tanner stage of breast development. ROC curves were used to assess the predictive value of tests for Tanner stage 2. Results: We described reference values for all PUS uterine and ovarian measurements assessed. Subjects in Tanner 2 (thelarche) had a mean age of 9.3 years (SD = 1.6) and mean BMI of 19.1 kg/m2. Fundal-cervical ratio changed from 1:2 to 2:1 at 12 years of chronological age (62.5% with 2:1 ratio; p<0.0001) and 13 years of bone age (2:1 in 85.71%, p<0.0001). Median uterine length for Tanner 2 was 4.065 cm (SE=0.092; p<0.0001); median ovarian volume was 2.351 cm3 (SE=0.177; p<0.0001). Bone age, ovarian volume and uterine length were good predictors of Tanner stage 2 of breast development. Conclusion: This is the first study providing reference uterine and ovarian PUS values in a Spanish population of healthy girls aged 6 to 12 years. Use of updated data characteristic of a specific population increases the diagnostic accuracy.
Prodi, Tommaso. "Principi di funzionamento e campi di utilizzo della Ecografia Volumetrica". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11628/.
Texto completoSantos, Hercos Benigno Vicente. "Ecografía en Uveitis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4242.
Texto completoEgewarth, Caroline Inês. "A prática de perguntar com partículas negativas". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5256.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T15:16:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroline Inês Egewarth_.pdf: 1550541 bytes, checksum: ba614daa815c2ccac84b739acc533bd1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Diese Masterarbeit handelt von einer Analyse der Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln. Wir verstehen die Übung des Fragens als ein Fragenformat, mit dem verschiedene soziale Handlungen durchgeführt werden können (um etwas bitten, einladen, bieten etc.). Die Studie von Heritage (2002) über die Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln bei der Handlung um Information zu bitten ergab, dass diese Übung des Fragens als mehr durchsetzend von den Sprechern angenommen wird, und Zustimmung oder Ablehnung sucht, nicht die Antworten "Ja" oder "Nein" . Informationsanfragen wurden auch von Park (2008) beschrieben und sie zeigte, dass das Wissen des Sprechers, der die Handlung erzeugt, ist fast auf einem gleichen Niveau als das Wissen des anderen Sprechers. Da diese Studien mit der englischen und koreanischen Sprache gemacht wurden, fragen wir: Welchen Sinn geben die Sprechern der Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln in brasilianischem Portugiesisch? Diese Forschung wird auf diese Lücke basiert. Unser Ziel ist zu beschreiben, welche Handlungen durch die Übung des Fragens mit negativen Partikeln durchgeführt werden, auβerdem werden Präferenzorganisation (POMERANTZ, 1984; POMERANTZ; HERITAGE, 2013) und cross-cutting preference (SCHEGLOFF, 2007) beschrieben. Die theoretische und methodische Grundlage dieser Arbeit ist die ethnomethodologische Gesprächsanalyse (Sacks; Schegloff; Jefferson, 1974). Wir analysierten 20 Übungen des Fragens bei Gespräche, die mit Ton und Video aufgenommen wurden, während geburtshilflichen und morphologischen Ultraschalluntersuchungen, Echokardiographien und genetische Beratungen. Die Untersuchungen und Beratungen finden in einem Sektor statt, in dem Frauen in der Schwangerschaft mittleren oder hohen Risiko eines Mutterschafts betreut werden, durch Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) in Südbrasilien. Die Forschungsergebnisse weisen auf zwei verschiedenen Ebenen, für die die negativen Partikeln relevant sind: die Ebene des Satzes und die Ebene der Handlung. Wenn es um die Ebene des Satzes geht, bestreitet die negative Patikel der runde Satz, das heißt, alle Tatsachen oder Situationen werden verweigert. In diesen Fällen, zeigt der Sprecher einen höheren epistemischen Grad. Die Ebene der Handlung, andererseits, verneint keine Situation, sondern spielt eine Rolle bei der produzierten Handlung und bei der Sequenzialität des Gesprächs. Es ist nicht die Negation vom Satz. In diesen Exzerpten wurde weniger Kenntnisse des Fragenden beobachtet. Wir analysieren auch die Übung des Fragens mit dem Ausdruck „Eu não vou“ („Ich werde nicht“), in dem eine negative Antwort die Präferenz bekommt und der eine Beziehung zu zukünftigen Situationen der Schwangere hat. In den Übungen des Fragens, welche Handlung um etwas zu bitten ist, sind Legitimation und Kontingenz wichtig bei der Ausübung der Handlung. Wir schließen beim Fazit, die Negation kann bei der Übung des Fragens eine wichtige Interaktionsstrategie sein. Deshalb, ist es wichtig diese Strategien zu kennen, um Verständigung zu erreichen, nicht nur zwischen Patienten und Ärzten.
Esta dissertação de mestrado analisa a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas. Entendemos a prática de perguntar como um formato de pergunta com o qual se pode desempenhar diversas ações (pedir, convidar, oferecer etc.). O estudo realizado por Heritage (2002) sobre a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas na ação de solicitar informação revelou que essa prática é tratada pelos interagentes como mais assertiva, além de buscar concordância ou discordância, não as respostas ‘sim’ ou ‘não’. Descrevendo solicitações de informação também, Park (2008) evidenciou que o conhecimento de quem produz a ação está quase no mesmo patamar que o conhecimento demonstrado pelo interagente para quem se solicita a informação. Tendo em vista que esses estudos foram produzidos com o olhar para a língua inglesa e coreana, questionamos: qual sentido os interagentes atribuem para a prática de perguntar com partículas negativas no português brasileiro? É com base nessa lacuna que esta pesquisa é desenvolvida. Objetivamos descrever quais ações são desempenhadas através da prática de perguntar com partículas negativas, além de investigar a organização de preferência (POMERANTZ, 1984; POMERANTZ; HERITAGE, 2013) e cross-cutting preference (SCHEGLOFF, 2007) nas ações descritas. O aparato teórico-metodológico utilizado nesta dissertação é a Análise da Conversa de base etnometodológica (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974). Analisamos 20 práticas de perguntar de interações gravadas em áudio e vídeo durante exames de ecografia obstétrica e morfológica, ecocardiografia e consultas de aconselhamento genético. Os exames e consultas ocorrem em um setor que atende mulheres em gestação de médio ou alto risco de um hospital materno infantil do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), localizado no sul do Brasil. Os resultados da investigação apontam para dois níveis distintos em que a partícula negativa é relevante: o nível da proposição do turno de fala e o nível da ação da pergunta. Quando se trata do nível da proposição, a partícula negativa nega a proposição do turno, ou seja, nega algum fato ou situação. Nessas ocorrências, o interagente que produz a pergunta demonstra alto grau epistêmico. O nível de ação, por outro lado, está envolvido com a relevância da partícula negativa no curso da ação realizada e com a sequencialidade da interação, não é a negação de alguma proposição. Nesses excertos foi observado um conhecimento menor por parte de quem faz a pergunta. Também analisamos a prática de perguntar com a expressão “eu não vou”, em que se observou a preferência por uma segunda parte do par em formato negativo e a relação com alguma situação do futuro de quem produz o turno. Nas práticas de perguntar cuja ação é produzir um pedido, tornam-se relevantes a legitimidade em realizar o pedido e as contingências envolvidas em sua execução. Concluímos que a negação na prática de perguntar pode ser uma estratégia interacional importante, portanto ter conhecimento sobre essa estratégia pode servir para alcançar entendimento nas interações, não somente entre pacientes e médicos.
Tem-Tem, Ana Maria Martins. "Radiologia e ecografia em aves e répteis". Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9360.
Texto completoPareja, Octávio Silveira. "Ecografia do corpo lúteo em gestações iniciais". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25279.
Texto completoTem-Tem, Ana Maria Martins. "Radiologia e ecografia em aves e répteis". Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9360.
Texto completoPereira, Iolanda Tatiana Moutinho. "Avaliação ecográfica da árvore excretora urinária fetal: diferenças entre os sexos". Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1002.
Texto completoIntroduction: Obstetric Ultrasound in the last fifteen years, has been regarded as a routine test during three periods of pregnancy in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters. From the 11th week of gestation the fetal organs can be visualized, but the fetal sex, although anatomically defined not allow its accurate sonographic identification. From 11 weeks we can infer the gender of the fetus based on the identification groove urethral penile flanked by fluted urethral, by measuring the angle between the genital tubercle and the horizontal line drawn from the lumbar-sacral fetus (<30º female or> 30º male). In the second trimester ultrasound is important to evaluate the kidneys and renal pelvis diameter because of increased values may be related to several pathological conditions, particularly with obstruction of the urinary tract. In several studies was measured the antero-posterior diameter in cross-sectional view of the renal pelvis in an attempt to establish normative standards of their growth and size during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters and evaluate the postnatal outcome in detected pyelectasis. The definition of normal value for the anteroposterior diameter has been under discussion and is presented in several studies different diagnostic values for pyelectasis. Some studies indicate a prevalence of pyelectasis higher in male fetuses, in the absence of dilatations the male fetuses had higher antero-posterior diameter compared to females. Aims of the research: Perform sonographic measurement of the antero-posterior diameter of renal pelvis in cross-sectional view of female and male fetuses it aims to establish a correlation between ultrasound findings and sex of the fetus. This work also aims to evaluate the outcome of fetuses with dilation and the prognosis of each sex. Methods: Prospective Cohort Study, based on gathering data on clinical history and sonographic findings of 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. The study population represents a group of 57 women during pregnancy, which underwent ultrasonography at Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira (CHCB), EPE. As part of this study a questionnaire was designed to be applied to each pregnant. In all pregnant women participating in this study was performed to measure the antero-posterior diameter (DAP) of the fetal renal pelvis in cross section. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS® v.18.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Results: In the second trimester of pregnancy, the DAP of the left kidney in female fetuses had a mean value of 2.30 mm (± 1.11) and males of 2.85 (± 1.10) while there was no difference statistically significant (p=0.159), DAP in the right kidney in females showed a mean value of 2.30 mm (± 1.18) and males of 3.03 mm (± 1.16), there isn´t also this difference statistically significant (p=0.083).In the third trimester also found no significant differences for both diameters in each sex of the fetus, the DAP in the left kidney in female fetuses had a mean value of 3.36 mm (± 1.60) in female fetuses and 3.93 (± 1.51) in males (p=0.404), DAP in the right kidney in females showed a mean value of 3.67 mm (± 1.61) and males of 3.79 mm (± 1.49). In the second trimester of the 34 cases under review, only 4 (12%) had swelling in the left kidney (defined by value of the diameter over 4 mm) and 5 (15%) in the right kidney was not observed in both cases a ratio of dilatation with the fetal gender (p=1.000 and p=0.379, respectively). In the third trimester there was no case of dilation. For the other study variables (complications in previous pregnancies, malformations in previous pregnancies, family history of malformations) was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In the present study, the DAP in a male fetus is higher than the female, but the difference is not statistically significant. Thus the difference in values of DAP of the renal pelvis does not allow inferring the sex of the fetus. In this study the evolution of fetuses with pielectasis was favorable. However, bearing in mind the low number of cases and the lack of statistical significance, we can´t guarantee spontaneous remission and benign prognosis in both sexes.
De, Silvestri Sara. "Studio e caratterizzazione delle placche carotidee in ecografia". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10153/.
Texto completoCardoso, Marta Tiago Lopes. "Avaliação da motilidade intestinal em equinos por ecografia". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14330.
Texto completoApesar dos vários recursos e metodologias utilizados atualmente em estudos relativos à motilidade intestinal equina (MIE), o conhecimento relativo à motilidade gastrointestinal equina é ainda inferior ao desejável. O presente estudo pretendeu averiguar se a MIE é passível de ser avaliada por ecografia de forma objetiva. Recorreu-se a uma amostra de onze equinos, avaliados física e ecograficamente no momento da admissão e a cada 24 horas, durante o período de hospitalização na Clinica de Sto. Estevão. A avaliação ecográfica incluiu a pesquisa de ansas de intestino delgado em quatro regiões: ventral, inguinal esquerda, inguinal direita e duodenal. Foram obtidos 184 filmes ecográficos, dos quais se selecionaram 60, que foram pontuados por um painel de dez avaliadores com base numa escala pré-estabelecida. Verificou-se uma concordância elevada entre os avaliadores na atribuição do Score de Motilidade Intestinal por ecografia (ICC=0.915; p˂0.001). A análise revelou a existência de uma relação entre a pontuação da motilidade e as seguintes variáveis: jejum, dor abdominal, grau de dor abdominal, frequência cardíaca, auscultação abdominal, refluxo nasogástrico e fluidoterapia. A ecografia revelou-se um meio objetivo de avaliação da MIE, tornando válida a sua utilização, complementar a outros meios, no diagnóstico e monitorização de afeções relacionadas com dismotilidade intestinal.
ABSTRACT - Despite the several resources and methodologies being currently used in equine intestinal motility (EIM) studies, the knowledge about the motility of the equine gastrointestinal tract is still lower than desirable. The purpose of this study is to determine if the EIM can be assessed by ultrasound accurately. Eleven horses were submitted to both physical and sonographic exam during admission and each 24 hours, during the hospitalization period at the St Estêvão Clinic. EIM was assessed in four different areas: ventral; left inguinal; right inguinal; and, duodenum. A number of 184 ultrasound movies was obtained, from which 60 were selected and scored by ten evaluators based on a predetermined scale. A general agreement was noticed between evaluators in respect to scoring EIM (ICC=0.915; p˂0.001). Data revealed a relation between motility scoring and different variables such as fasting, abdominal pain, degree of abdominal pain, heart rate, abdominal auscultation, nasogastric reflux and fluid therapy: EIM can be accurately assessed by ultrasonography, supporting the use of this method in the diagnosis and monitoring intestinal dismotility conditions.
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Cubo, Abert Montserrat. "Estadificación prequirúrgica del carcinoma endometrial mediante ecografía en dos y tres dimensiones". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672056.
Texto completoObjetivos: Nuestro objetivo fue comparar el rendimiento diagnóstico de la ecografía transvaginal (ETV) y la resonancia magnética (RM) para predecir la profundidad de la invasión del miometrio (IMP) y la invasión del estroma cervical (IEC) en pacientes con cáncer de endometrio (CE). Métodos: Estudio prospectivo y consecutivo que incluye todas las pacientes con CE diagnosticadas entre octubre de 2013 y julio de 2018 en el Hospital Vall d’Hebron de Barcelona. La estadificación preoperatoria se realizó con ETV y RM seguida de estadificación quirúrgica. La histología final se consideró como estándar de referencia. Se calcularon la sensibilidad, la especificidad, las razones de probabilidad y la precisión diagnóstica para ambas técnicas de imagen para la predicción de IMP y IEC. Se calculó el índice de concordancia. Se utilizaron las pautas STARD 2015. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 177 pacientes de forma consecutiva. La sensibilidad fue mayor para ETV en comparación con RM tanto para la predicción de IMP (68% (95% CI 55-79) versus 60% (95% CI 47-72), respectivamente) como para la predicción de IEC (49% (95% CI 35- 62) versus 29% (IC 95% 18-43), respectivamente). Las especificidades fueron similares para la predicción de IMP (ETV 84% (95% CI 77-90) y ETV 92% (95% CI 85-96)) e iguales para IEC (95% (95% CI 90-98). El índice de acuerdo entre ETV y RM fue 0,74 para IMP y 0,99 para IEC. Conclusiones: El rendimiento diagnóstico de ETV no es inferior a la RM para la predicción de IMP y la IEC en el carcinoma de endometrio y puede desempeñar un papel como técnica de imagen de primera línea en la evaluación preoperatoria del cáncer de endometrio.
Objectives: We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the depth of myometrial invasion (DMI) and cervical stromal invasion (CSI) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: Prospective and consecutive study including all EC diagnosed between October 2013 and July 2018 at the Vall d’Hebron Hospital in Barcelona. Preoperative staging was performed with TVUS and MRI followed by surgical staging. Final histology was considered as the reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for both imaging techniques for the prediction of DMI and CSI. Agreement index was calculated. The STARD 2015 guidelines were used. Results: A total of 177 patients were consecutively included. Sensitivity was higher for TVUS compared to MRI both for the prediction of DMI (68% (95%CI 55-79) versus 60% (95%CI 47-72), respectively) and CSI (49% (95%CI 35-62) versus 29% (95%CI 18-43), respectively). Specificities were similar for the prediction of DMI (TVUS 84% (95%CI 77-90) and MRI 92% (95%CI 85-96)) and equal for CSI (95% (95%CI 90-98). The agreement index between TVUS and MRI was 0.74 for DMI and 0.99 for CSI. Conclusions: The diagnostic performance of TVUS is not inferior to MRI for the prediction of DMI and CSI in EC and can play a role as a first line imaging technique in the preoperative evaluation of endometrial cancer.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Pediatria, Obstetrícia i Ginecologia
Silva, Ana Catarina Duarte Marques e. "Biometria fetal dos recém-nascidos no Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira". Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/880.
Texto completoBackground: the ultrasound can still be considered the most important complementary diagnosis exam for the evaluation of fetal growth and for the detection of congenital anomalies in the pre-natal period. The evaluation of the well-being and development of fetal growth during the pregnancy period is extremely important for the decrease of morbidity and mortality in the fetal and peri-natal period. In an ultrasound many equations can be applied from biometrical parameters, namely: biparietal diameter (BPD) and head circumference (HC) (as the rate for the head growth), abdominal circumference (AB) (as the rate for the global body growth) and femur length (FL) (as the rate for the height growth). Objective: the goal of this study is to demonstrate through charts and graphics the fetal biometry in different pregnancy periods of the new born children at the „Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira‟ (CHCB). Methods: retrospective study of documental analysis based on a random revision of clinical processes of pregnant women, who had their obstetric ultrasounds at CHCB and whose labour occurred at the same centre, from 2006 to 2008. Discussion/Conclusion: through this work it can be concluded that most fetuses were male and there was no significant difference between the weight of both genders. The most frequent Apgar index in the first minute was 9 and the gestational age in labour was in mean 39 weeks. For most of the pregnant women this was the second pregnancy, most of them denied having smoking habits and there was a significant correlation among the BPD, crown-rump length, HC, AC, FL and estimation of fetal weight and birth weight and the gestational age.
Boschi, Veronica. "Valutazione delle tecnologie sanitarie : ecografia Bi-dimensionale e Volumetrica". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3269/.
Texto completoVisintainer, Laura. "Analisi della cardiotossicità in pazienti oncologici mediante ecografia volumetrica". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9498/.
Texto completoSouza, Virgolino Nóbrega Brunno. "Tenotomía vs no tenotomía de la Porción Larga del Bíceps en la sutura del manguito de los rotadores. Análisis clínico–funcional y valoración ecográfica". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669459.
Texto completoIntroduction: The role of LHB in the glenohumeral joint generates controversies among researchers. And that these functions are increased when there are rotator cuff injuries, in which compensatory hypertrophy may do an instability of the LHB that can also cause pain. One of the imaging tests in the diagnosis of these lesions is ultrasound. Currently, many authors propose the tenotomy of the LHB as a gesture associated with the repair of the rotator cuff to avoid postoperative pain. However, there is no evidence that this gesture improves the clinical results of the isolated suture. Objectives: - To compare the clinical and imaging results of the arthroscopic sutures of the rotator cuff with and without the LHB tenotomy - To analyze the situation and cross-sectional area of the LHB in the bicipital groove by means of an ultrasound study in cases with and without tenotomy. Methods: This is a prospective randomized single blind comparative study, carried out with a final total cases of 54 patient have been diagnosed with rupture of the supraspinatus tendon and injury of LHB by clinical exploration, by imaging and arthroscopy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, TENOTOMY (n = 25) and NO TENOTOMY (n = 29), according to a centralized program of random numbers. In all patients, preoperative and postoperative clinical-functional tests were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months after arthroscopic surgery of supraspinatus tendon suture with or without associated LHB tenotomy. An ultrasound study was also carried out at 3 and 12 months post-operative. The inclusion criteria were: Age between 40 to 65 years; partial supraspinatus tears (≥ 50% of thickness); total supraspinatus tears ≤ 3 cm in the coronal plane; muscle atrophy inferior to Thomazeau stage 2; presence of the LHB in the bicipital groove. Results: In the clinical-functional results, a significant improvement was observed between the Constant and the ASES Test score preoperatively and post-operative in both groups (No tenotomy p <0.001 and Tenotomy p <0.001). No significant differences were observed in the Clinical-Functional Tests between the 2 groups studied (Tenotomy and No Tenotomy) at 12 months postoperatively (Constant Test p = 0.883 and ASES Test p = 0.716). The integrity of the supraspinatus tendon suture at 12 months showed no significant difference between both groups 12 months post-operative. No Tenotomy: 93.1% integrity of supraspinatus and Tenotomy: 88% integrity (Fisher's exact test, p = .653). The analysis of the presence of LHB in GB shows that at 12 months there is a significant difference between both groups, being higher in patients of the NO TENOTOMY group: 86.2% vs. 56% (Fisher's exact test, p =. 017). The cross-sectional area of the LHB in GB presented a significant decrease at the proximal and distal level of GB between the measurements taken at 3 and 12 months in both groups (No Tenotomy: proximal p = 0.021 and distal p = 0.026; Tenotomy: proximal p = 0.005 and distal p = 0.004). Conclusions: In conclusion there are no significant differences between both groups in the score of the Test of Constant and the ASES, being similar. It is confirmed that sutures of the supraspinatus tendon remain integrated 12 months post-operative in a high percentage of patients in both groups. The LHB remains in the GB in 56% of the Tenotomy patients and in 86.2% of the Non Tenotomy patients. The area of LHB at 12 months post-operative shows a significant decrease compared to 3 months post-operative in both groups.
Mateos, Torres Eduardo. "Utilidad de la ecografía-Doppler en la creación y mantenimiento del acceso vascular para hemodiálisis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673309.
Texto completoINTRODUCCIÓN: Tradicionalmente, la indicación del tipo de acceso vascular (AV) se ha basado en la valoración clínica del cirujano. La introducción de una técnica de imagen como la Ecografía-Doppler (ED) podría aportar un beneficio clínico y de costes a la valoración preoperatoria, así como mejorar el mantenimiento posterior del AV para hemodiálisis. Los objetivos de esta tesis fueron: 1) evaluar la utilidad clínica de la ED previa a la realización de un AV, 2) determinar si la introducción de una consulta de alta resolución con valoración ecográfica incrementa el coste, y 3) determinar la eficacia y seguridad de la realización de angioplastias (ATP) de fístulas arterio-venosas (FAV) disfuncionantes guiadas mediante ED. METODOLOGÍA: Objetivos 1 y 2: Se compararon la utilidad clínica (permeabilidad del acceso, número de AV hasta conseguir uno útil, porcentaje de pacientes con un primer acceso radio-cefálico útil) y el coste asociado hasta conseguir un primer AV útil de una cohorte prospectiva unicéntrica (2014-2017) de pacientes sometidos a un primer AV, a quienes se practicó un ED preoperatorio (grupo ECO), y una cohorte histórica (2012-2014) de primeros AV indicados exclusivamente mediante valoración clínica (grupo CLN). Objetivo 3: Se compararon la permeabilidad, utilidad para hemodiálisis y las complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento endovascular de estenosis venosas significativas en el AV en una cohorte prospectiva (2015-2018) de pacientes tratados de forma eco-guiada, respecto a otros tratados con control angiográfico. RESULTADOS: En los objetivos 1 y 2 se compararon 86 pacientes del grupo CLN con 92 del ECO. Las permeabilidades primarias (CLN/ECO) a 1 y 2 años fueron del 59.5/71.9% y 53.1/57.8% (p=0.057) y las asistidas del 63.2/80.7% y 58.1/70.2%, significativamente mejores para el grupo ECO (p=0.010). Requirieron un nuevo AV durante los primeros 6 meses un 26.7% en el grupo CLN y un 7.6% en el ECO (p<0.001). Se realizaron una media de 1.39 intervenciones para conseguir un AV útil en el grupo CLN y 1.08 en ECO (p<0.001), siendo a nivel radio-cefálico en un 31/45.1% (p<0.001). El coste medio del grupo ECO fue significativamente inferior (ECO=2707? vs CLN=3347?; p=0.024). El grupo ECO tuvo un coste mayor en ecografías preoperatorias y de seguimiento. El grupo CLN tuvo un coste superior respecto a consultas de seguimiento, intervenciones quirúrgicas sucesivas, material protésico, días de ingreso y catéteres. Se disminuyó el tiempo de demora para la realización del AV (CLN=82.9 vs ECO=49.9 días; p=0.002). En el objetivo 3, de 51 ATP, 27 fueron realizadas de forma eco-guiada. El éxito técnico fue del 96%. En el 26% se repitió la ATP por estenosis residual. Un 7.3% presentaron complicaciones peri-procedimiento. El 92% de las FAV fueron puncionadas a las 24h. La permeabilidad primaria a 1 mes, 6 meses y 1 año fue del 100%, 64.8% y 43.6% y la asistida del 100%, 87.2% y 74.8%. No hubo diferencias significativas en los resultados inmediatos o tardíos respecto a las angioplastias de FAV guiadas mediante angiografía. CONCLUSIÓN: La valoración preoperatoria mediante ED mejora la permeabilidad, disminuye la necesidad de un nuevo AV a los 6 meses y aumenta el porcentaje de FAV radio-cefálicas maduras respecto a la valoración tradicional exclusivamente clínica. La creación de una consulta específica con valoración ED disminuye los tiempos de demora y comporta un menor coste final para lograr un primer AV útil. El sobrecoste en ecografías se compensa con un menor número de visitas de seguimiento, reintervenciones, días de ingreso e implantaciones de catéteres. El tratamiento endovascular de las estenosis de FAV guiado mediante ED es un procedimiento seguro y presenta una permeabilidad similar a la obtenida mediante técnica radioscópica tradicional.
INTRODUCTION: The indication of the type of vascular access (VA) for haemodialysis has long been based on the clinical assessment of the surgeon. The addition of an image diagnostic tool, such as the Doppler-ultrasound (DU), could improve the preoperative assessment and provide an additional clinical and cost benefit. Furthermore, it could improve the subsequent follow-up of the VA. The objectives of this thesis were: 1) to evaluate the clinical utility of DU prior to performing a VA, 2) to determine whether the introduction of a high-resolution consultation with ultrasound evaluation increased the total cost related to achieving a first valid VA, and 3) to determine the efficacy and safety of the angioplasty (PTA) of dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) guided only by DU. METHODOLOGY: Objectives 1 and 2: The clinical benefit in terms of access patency, number of VAs until a valid one was achieved and the percentage of patients with a first useful radio-cephalic access, and the associated cost until a valid first VA was obtained, were studied by comparing the results of a prospective cohort (2014-2017) of patients requiring a first VA and undergoing a preoperative DU (ECO group), with a historical cohort (2012-2014) of first VAs indicated exclusively by clinical assessment (CLN group). Objective 3: The patency, utility for haemodialysis, and complications of the endovascular treatment of significant venous stenosis in the VA were compared in a prospective cohort (2015-2018) of patients treated with only ultrasound guidance or with standard angiographic control. RESULTS: For objectives 1 and 2, 86 patients from the CLN group were compared with 92 in the ECO group. Primary and assisted patency (CLN/ECO) at 1 and 2 years were 59.5/71.9% and 53.1/57.8% (p=0.057), and 63.2/80.7% and 58.1/70.2% (p=0.010), respectively, significantly better for the ECO group. Some 26.7% of patients in the CLN group and 7.6% in the ECO group required a new VA during the first 6 months (p <0.001). An average of 1.39 interventions were performed to achieve a valid VA in the CLN group and 1.08 in the ECO group (p <0.001), being at the radio-cephalic level in 31/45.1% (p <0.001). The mean cost for the ECO group was significantly lower (ECO=2707? vs CLN=3347?; p=0.024). The ECO group had a higher cost in preoperative and follow-up ultrasounds. The CLN group had a higher cost related to follow-up visits, iterative surgeries, prosthetic material, days of hospitalization and catheters. The delay time for VA was also reduced (CLN=82.9 vs ECO=49.9 days; p=0.002). For objective 3, 27/51 PTAs were echo-guided. Technical success was 96%. In 26% of cases, the PTA was repeated due to residual stenosis. 7.3% of cases presented complications during the procedure and 92% of AVFs were punctured at 24h. The primary patency at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year was 100%, 64.8%, and 43.6%, and the assisted patency was 100%, 87.2%, and 74.8%. There were no significant differences in immediate or late results compared to angiographically guided angioplasties. CONCLUSION: A preoperative evaluation using DU improved the VA patency, decreased the need for a new VA at 6 months and increased the percentage of mature radio-cephalic AVF compared with the traditional evaluation based only in clinical assessment. The creation of a specific consultation with DU assessment reduced delay times and entailed a lower final cost for achieving a valid first VA. The extra cost in ultrasounds was compensated by a lower number of follow-up visits, re-interventions, days of admission and catheter insertions. The endovascular treatment of FAV stenosis guided by DU is a safe procedure and has a similar patency to that observed with the fluoroscopic technique.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Cirurgia i Ciències Morfològiques
García, Criado María Ángeles. "Ecografia Doppler de l'artèria hepàtica en el post-trasplantament immediat". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2473.
Texto completoPer altra banda, ha quedat demostrat que el contrast ecogràfic d'última generació (SonoVue®) és de gran utilitat en l'estudi de permeabilitat de l'artèria hepàtica en el periode immediat posterior al trasplantament, ja que augmenta la sensibilitat de l'ecografia Doppler, escurça la duració de l'exploració ecogràfica i disminueix el nombre d'arteriografies diagnòstiques necessàries. A més, permet establir el diagnòstic de sospita de la síndrome de robatori de l'artèria esplènica mitjançant ecografia ja que permet constatar els criteris angiogràfics descrits pel diagnòstic d'aquesta complicació. Les troballes ecogràfiques que permetrien sospitar una síndrome de robatori serien la presència d'una artèria hepàtica permeable amb fluxe molt escàs constituït per petits pics sistòlics (de vegades indetectable a l'estudi Doppler sense contrast), ompliment simultani de l'artèria hepàtica i la vena porta a l'estudi contrastat i disminució mantinguda de la perfusió de les branques distals de l'artèria hepàtica.
"DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY OF THE HEPATIC ARTERY IN THE IMMEDIATE POST-TRASPLANT PERIOD"
TEXT:
Hepatic artery thrombosis is one of the most important and devastating complications following orthotopic liver transplantation. Doppler ultrasonography is the initial imaging test in patients in whom hepatic artery thrombosis is suspected. However, according to the results of this doctoral thesis, Doppler ultrasound may allow a presymptomatic detection of early hepatic artery thrombosis. This fact permits an early repermeabilization of the hepatic artery before liver damage, reducing the morbidity and the necessity of retransplantation, improving the prognosis of these patients.
In order to allow a prompt diagnosis of this complication in presymptomatic stage it is necessary to establish a surveillance Doppler program which includes at least a routine Doppler sonography in the first 72-hours after liver transplantation. However, the interpretation of the Doppler arterial waveform in this early period is difficult, because of the frequent high resistance flow which contributes to alter the Doppler waveform. The results obtained in the present investigation work show that the increase of the arterial resistances immediately after liver transplantation are in relation with the old-age liver donor and a long ischemic time. However, this is a finding without clinical repercussion at early and long-term follow-up.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using a second generation contrast agent (SonoVue®) is very useful in the study of the hepatic artery permeability in the immediate post-operative period because it improves significantly the flow visualization in hepatic artery, decreases scanning time and reduces the frequency of arteriographics studies. Moreover, microbubble ultrasound contrast helps to establish the diagnosis of the splenic arterial steal syndrome. The sonographic findings that point to the diagnosis of this syndrome are the presence of a patent hepatic artery with slowly flow constituted by low velocity systolic peaks (sometimes only detectable after contrast injection), simultaneous filling contrast of the hepatic artery and the portal vein and diminished perfusion of the distal hepatic arteries.
Furtado, Paulo Cesar Fonseca. "Estudo da acuidade diagnóstica da ecografia nas displasias ósseas fetais". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECJS-7YYPCT.
Texto completoEstudo prospectivo e observacional que buscou determinar a acuidade do diagnóstico ecográfico nas displasias ósseas fetais. A avaliação pré-natal foi realizada com o exame de ultra-sonografia morfológica seriada objetivando o diagnóstico específico do tipo de displasia óssea fetal. Foram estudados cinqüenta e cinco casos entre os anos de 1990 e 2008 com diagnóstico de displasia óssea fetal na avaliação pré-natal, utilizando-se um protocolo de avaliação do Centro de Medicina Fetal da UFMG. O diagnóstico pós-natal, considerado padrão ouro foi obtido por meio do exame pediátrico, genético e/ou necroscópico fetal. Foram obtidos os coeficientes de concordância diagnóstica (KAPPA) para os tipos mais comuns e para a letalidade da displasia óssea fetal. Concluímos que a acuidade diagnóstica da ecografia fetal para a detecção do tipo específico de displasia óssea fetal mostrou-se variável de acordo com o tipo específico da doença. Obteve-se uma forte concordância diagnóstica entre a ecografia pré-natal e a avaliação pós-natal nas displasias ósseas letais.
Pipitone, Paride. "Ecografia tridimensionale in tempo reale: caratteristiche, potenzialità e applicazioni cliniche". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23035/.
Texto completoMarco, Doménech Santiago F. "Utilidad de la ecografia en modo B y de la ecografia Doppler-Duplex color en la biopsia de las lesiones óseas y de tubo digestivo". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8706.
Texto completoEvaluar el papel y la utilidad de las biopsias percutáneas guiadas por ecografía en el diagnóstico de lesiones del tubo digestivo, cuando la lesión no es alcanzable por el endoscopio pero sea fácilmente visible por ecografía.
La biopsia percutánea de las lesiones óseas es ampliamente utilizada como método diagnóstico, utilizando la radioscopia o la tomografía computerizada como guía de biopsia. Nosotros en esta tesis describimos el uso de la ecografía como guía de biopsia percutánea en lesiones óseas.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS:
Hemos realizado 198 biopsias ( 197 biopsias percutáneas y una quirúrgica ) en 193 pacientes. La biopsia percutánea fue realizada bajo guía ecográfica en 167 pacientes y bajo radioscopia en 30 casos. La localización de las lesiones fueron el tubo digestivo, hueso y algunas en otras localizaciones como tórax, hígado o tiroides.
Realizamos 42 biopsias en 41 pacientes entre 14 y 81 años de edad ( media de 57,5 años ). Las lesiones se mostraron como un ¨pseudoriñón¨ en 27 casos y como una masa en los otros 15 casos. Las biopsias se realizaron bajo guía ecográfica en tiempo real, usando una compresión gradual y con un transductor de 3,5-5Mhz. En 39 biopsias obtuvimos un cilindro para estudio histológico con una aguja automática de 18G y en 32 de estos casos obtuvimos una aspiración con aguja fina de 22G en 28 casos y con una de 21G en los otros cuatro casos. En otros tres casos usamos una técnica coaxial con una aguja de 20G y otra de 22G para la citología.
Utilizamos la biopsia percutánea guiada por ecografía en 65 biopsias de lesiones óseas en 63 pacientes ( 30 hombres y 33 mujeres ). El rango de edad estaba entre 1 y 82 años y la media de edad en 47,2 años. Las lesiones se dividieron en cuatro categorías: 41 lesiones eran líticas con masa de partes blandas, 14 eran líticas sin masa de partes blandas, 4 líticas con cortical íntegra y 6 lesiones esclerosas. Utilizamos distintas técnicas de biopsia para cada grupo de lesiones.
RESULTADOS:
En el tubo digestivo, obtuvimos un diagnóstico en el 95,2% ( 40 / 42 ) de las biopsias con aguja gruesa y en el 45,7% ( 16 / 35 ) de las biopsias con aguja fina. Las lesiones estaban entre la faringe y el colon sigmoide. Los pacientes tenían lesiones malignas en 28 casos y benignas en 13. Solo hubo una complicación que consistió en un bilioperitoneo.
En las biopsias óseas, con el estudio citológico obtuvimos un diagnóstico en 50 casos ( 76,9% ), con la histología en 56 casos ( 86,1% ) y combinando ambas técnicas en 60 casos ( 92,3% ). En ningún caso hubo complicaciones.
CONCLUSIONES:
La biopsia percutánea guiada por ecografía es una técnica útil y segura para diagnosticar lesiones del tubo digestivo que pueden verse en ecografía y no sean accesibles endoscópicamente.
La ecografía es una técnica segura y eficaz para guiar las biopsias de lesiones óseas porque pueden identificar cambios sutiles en la cortical así como el componente de partes blandas asociado.
To expose our experience performing sonography guided percutaneous biopsy of skeletal and gastrointestinal lesions.
To evaluate the role and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of digestive tract lesions, when the lesions are not suitable to biopsy by endoscopy and safely reachable by ultrasound.
Percutaneous biopsy of skeletal lesions is a widely used diagnostic technique that involves fluoroscopìc or computerized tomography guidance. In this report we describe the use of ultrasonography ultrasound in the guidance of percutaneous biopsy in skeletal lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We performed 198 biopsies ( 197 percutaneous biopsies and one surgical biopsy ) in 193 patients. The percutaneous biopsy was performed under sonographic guidance in 167 cases and under fluoroscopic guidance in 30 cases. The location were bone, gastrointestinal tract and other locations as chest, liver or thyroid gland.
We performed 42 biopsies in 41 patients aged 14-81 years (mean 57.5 years ). The lesions showed a pseudokidney sign in 27 cases and mass appearance in the remaining 15 cases. Biopsies were carried out under real-time US guidance using graded compression, with a 3,5-5 MHz microconvex transducer. In 39 biopsies core specimens were obtained with an 18G automatic needle gun; in 32 of these cases fine needle aspiration biopsy was obtained with a 22G needle in 28 cases and with a 21G in the other 4 cases. In the remaining 3 cases a coaxial technique with 20G and 22G for cytology were used.
We employed sonography to guide percutaneous biopsy in 65 skeletal lesions in 63 patients (30 male and 33 female). Age ranged 1-82 year. Mean 47.2. The lesions were grouped into four categories: 41 were lytic with soft tissue mass, 14 lytic with disrupted cortical without soft tissue mass, 4 lytic with intact cortical and 6 sclerotic. Different techniques and materials were used in each group.
RESULTS:
In gastrointestinal tract, in 95,2 % ( 40 / 42 ) of core biopsies performed a specific diagnosis was obtained. A positive diagnosis was obtained in 45,7% ( 16 / 35 ) of fine needle aspirations. The lesions were localized from pharynx to the sigmoid colon. The patients had malignant lesions in 28 cases and benign in 13 cases. Only one serious complication, bile peritonitis, was observed.
In skeletal biopsies, cytological assessment obtained the diagnosis in 50 cases, (success rate of 76.9%), histology in 56 cases ( 86.1% ) and combining both in 60 cases ( 92.3% ). There were not complications
CONCLUSION:
Percutaneous biopsy under sonography guidance can be used safely and efficiently to diagnose digestive tract lesions which can be visualized on US and which are not accesible endoscopically.
Ultrasouund is a highly accurate and safe method of guidance in percutaneous biopsy of bone lesions because can identify subtle changes in the cortical and the associated soft tissue component.
Cecchini, Sofia. "L'informazione di fase per la valutazione della perfusione epatica in ecografia". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9292/.
Texto completoPimentel, Anita Mylius. "Diatermia ovariana guiada por ecografia transvaginal utilizando animais como modelo experimental". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/117140.
Texto completoIntroduction: The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-10% of women at reproductive age. Treatment of anovulatory infertility in patients with PCOS involves the induction of ovulation, with clomiphene citrate (CC) the drug of first choice. In cases resistant to CC, the second line of treatment can be medicated (gonadotropins) or surgery (ovarian diathermy or cautery), performed by laparoscopic video (LPCV). The induction with gonadotrophins increases the risk of multi pregnancy, which does not occur with ovarian diathermy, which restores physiological ovulation (monovulation). The transvaginal ultrasound is a simple procedure, less invasive than the LPCV allowing ovarian puncture through the vaginal fornix. Objectives: To develop a minimally invasive technique of monopolar ovarian cauterization guided by transvaginal ultrasound, using animals (sheep and cattle) as an experimental model. Methods: In a first experiment were used sheep (15 Corriedale and 2 Suffolk). In the second experiment were used 11 cows Angus, all animals at reproductive age with anatomic and funcional ovarian integrity. For cauterized were used Valleylab Force FX electrocautery and a needle specially developed for this purpose. The animals had ovaries cauterized at 4 points each and were slaughtered 2 days after for collection of the ovaries and inspection of the needle path. Results: In sheep, from the 34 ovaries cauterized, only 3 showed the characteristic lesion. From the 22 ovaries cauterized in cows, 20 had the characteristic lesion, both macro and microscopically. In both species, there were no injuries in the path of the needle. Conclusion: The ovarian cauterization proved safe in experimental models, no animal showed thermal injury or puncture in the path of the needle. In cows, the sonographic identification and cauterization, beyond safe, were effective. The efficiency and safety of this technique should be studied in women with SOP anovulatory.
Conde, Cuevas Nuria. "Prevalencia de ovario poliquístico en adolescentes sanas y en adolescentes con antecedentes de pubarquía precoz. Nuevas aportaciones de la ecografía tridimensional". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/90836.
Texto completoThe main hypothesis is that polycystic ovarian morphology (POM) is an early marker of polycystic ovary syndrome (POS) in adolescence. It has been designed a prospective descriptive study comparing the prevalence of POM into two groups of adolescents with different risk in presenting POS in adulthood: healthy adolescents and adolescents with a history of precocious pubarche (PP). Today we know that 50% of adolescents with a history of PP will develop POS. The secondary hypotheses are: a higher birth weight (BW) correlates with increased frequency of POM. And Antimullerian Hormone (AMH) is a marker of POM. The POM is defined by the criteria of Balen, 2003: one or two of the ovaries have a volume greater than 10cc and / or ≥ 12 follicles. It has been applied these criteria using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound, using in this case the VOCAL system-manual-delineation. Increased ovarian stromal blood flow has been considered to be a parameter to assist in the ultrasound diagnosis of POM. We have studied the ovarian stromal blood flow with the color Doppler and with the three-dimensional power Doppler imaging. It has been recruited 21 adolescents with PP and 41 healthy subjects. The two groups have similar age at menarche, birth weight and body mass index. POM prevalence in adolescents with a history of PP is similar to that of the population without PP: 28.6% vs. 17.1% respectively, with 2D ultrasound, 52.4% vs 41.5% respectively, with 3D ultrasound. No differences are found in BW among adolescents with and without POM. When POM is diagnosed by B-scan, AMH levels are similar between adolescents with and without POM. However, when POM is diagnosed by 3D ultrasound, AMH levels are higher in adolescents with POM. Ovarian volume measured by three-dimensional ultrasound is higher than when measured by two-dimensional ultrasound. There are no differences in ovarian vascularization (measured by two-dimensional color Doppler or three-dimensional power Doppler) among adolescents with and without PP. There are no differences in ovarian vascularization (measured by two-dimensional color Doppler or three-dimensional power Doppler) among adolescents with and without POM.
Rodríguez, Pérez Mª Ángeles. "Valoración ecográfica prenatal del cono medular fetal". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397729.
Texto completoSubtle skin-covered spinal dysraphism are very difficult to detect in utero due to their lack of intracranial anomalies. They are usually associated to tethered cord and the conus medullaris (CM) is located in a lower level than expected. This could be a clue that could lead us to its prenatal diagnosis. The aims of this study were: 1. To determine the most reproducible method in the sonographic evaluation of the conus medullaris (CM). 2. To analyze the ability to measure the conus-sacrum distance (CS distance), and its relationship with gestational age (GA), body mass index (BMI) and fetal position. 3. To analyze if the evaluation of CM distance could be introduced to routine scans for the assessment of prenatal skin-covered spinal dysraphism. With this study we wanted to evaluated if any of the methods described to evaluate the CM (CM level: vertebral level and CS distance: CM-sacrum distance) could be useful in the clinical practice. With the first study we wanted to evaluate which of these methods was the most reproducible. We found low reliability for CM level and high reliability for CS distance. The second study aims to explore the feasibility of routinely measuring the CS distance in CM assessments. We found that the CM and CS distance could be evaluated in 82 and 81% (66.81% of all cases) of cases respectively The CM assessment was statistically associated with BMI and fetal position but not with GA. We observed a significant association between CS distance and FL and GA. The conclusions of this study are: 1. The most reproducible method to assess CM is the measurement of CS distance. 2. The maternal and fetal factors have an effect on the assessment of the CM. High BMI, advanced GA and breech presentation could be potential factors limiting the feasibility of evaluating the CM. 3. The evaluation of the CS distance can be introduced in the routine scans in the assessment of prenatal skin-covered spinal dysraphism. 4. Normality curves would be useful for the follow up of fetuses and newborns in high risk of prenatal skin-covered spinal dysraphism.
Fagundes, Paulo Augusto Peres. "Avaliação da ecografia 3D (SonoAvc) para contagem de folículos antrais em mulheres inférteis : sua correlação com ecografia convencional 2D e com os níveis séricos do hormônio anti-Mülleriano". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132110.
Texto completoIntroduction: The counting of antral follicles (AFC) has become an important tool in the assessment of ovarian reserve. Several studies have shown a relationship between the antral follicle count by conventional 2D transvaginal sonography and serum anti- Müllerian hormone. Few studies have been done studying the role of 3D SonoAVC technology, particularly in infertile women. The follicle count in the conventional 2D ultrasound, as known, has limitations as the intra- and inter-observer variability and increasing the time of performing the test in case of multiple follicles. With automated technology follicle count provided by the software 3DSono AVC, the time spent is less, and the variability between observers can be decreased or eliminated. Objectives: Evaluate the antral follicle count the new 3D technology (SonoAVC) in infertile women and its relationship with conventional 2D transvaginal ultrasound and serum anti-Müllerian hormone. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, prospective study, where they were evaluated a group of 43 infertile women aged less than 40 years, collected between April and September 2015 at a private fertility clinic in Porto Alegre, south Brazil. Patient data including age, BMI, cause of infertility. On cycle day 3, serum levels of AMH, FSH, CA 125, Prolactin, TSH, E2, were measured and the number of antral follicles (2-9 mm) estimated at ultrasound. Was performed a double scanning with transvaginal ultrasound 2D and 3D SonoAVC. Results: Median (range) serum levels of AMH, FSH, Ca 125, Prolactin, TSH, E2, were 2.98(0.02-15.8), 9.45(5-9.4)14.0(6-35)13.6(5.2-29.4)2.1(0.61-5.99)46,2(4.0-79), respectively, and antral follicle count was 15.7(3-35) with 2D and 17,0(3-45) with 3D. The average time taken to carry out the measurement of the follicles by 2D ultrasound was 275 ± 109 and the 3DSonoAVC was 103 ± 57 s., (p <0.0005). The age and the total count of follicles 2D had a negative correlation coefficient, r= -0.3 (p = 0.028). Age and 3D antral follicles count had r= -0.29 (p = 0.031).The dosage AMH was correlated with the total number of early antral follicles, r= 0.675 (p <0.01) with 2D and r=0.659 (p <0.001) with 3D. The two count, 2D and 3D SonoAVC, showed a strongly positive correlation, r=0.983 (p <0.001) Ovarian volume correlated with AMH dosage, r=0.510 (p <0.001). The ovarian volume is strongly correlated with follicle count, r=0.809 (p <0.01). In the evaluation of the follicles <6 mm and AMH, r=0.537 (p <0.001) in 2D and r= 0.510 (p <0.001) in 3D. Conclusion: The study suggests that there is a strong correlation between the 3D and 2D SonoAVC the antral follicle count. The counting of antral follicles by both methods was positively correlated with serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone. 3D SonoAVC was significantly faster than in 2D follicle count.
Mendoza, Cobaleda Manel. "Seguiment de gestants portadores de pesari cervical mitjançant ecografia 2D i 3D". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666879.
Texto completoHypothesis Transvaginal ultrasound can identify the changes exerted on the cervix by the cervical pessary and these changes may correlate to the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) at <34 weeks of gestation (WG) and severe adverse perinatals outcomes (APO). Objective To evaluate multiple cervical characteristics assessed by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound before and after placement of a cervical pessary to ascertain its mechanism of action and provide better predictive and follow-up tools. Methods In this prospective cohort study conducted at Vall d’Hebron Universitary Hospital, we assessed the cervical characteristics in patients with short cervical length (CL) and compared them with matched controls with normal CL. The variables evaluated were: CL, uterocervical angles (UCA), cervical consistency indices (CCI and CLCI), cervical volume (V) and vascular indices. All variables were re-assessed immediately after pessary placement in pessary carriers and 4 to 6 weeks later in all participants. A novel variable termed intersegmentary angle (ISA) was described to estimate relative uterocervical orientation and improve the detection of minor changes in at least one UCA. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded in order to determine the predicitive capacity of these variables for sPTB at <34 WG and severe adverse perinatals outcomes. Results Thirty-three study patients with short CL and 24 controls were enroled. At the time of enrolment, gestational age (GA) and maternal baseline characteristics did not differ between groups; however, significant differences were found in some cervical baseline variables: in the study group, CL was shorter, UCA wider, ISA more acute, V smaller and cervical consistency softer. Immediately after pessary placement, no significant effect was observed in vascular indices or mean grey scale (MG); however, CL increased, UCA were more acute, ISA was greater and cervical length consistency index (CLCI) improved; being all of them predicitive for sPTB at <34WG and severe APO. CL and A-UCA after pessary placement were the best predictive parameters with an area under de ROC curve of 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. After 4-6 weeks, P-UCA, ISA and CCI were the only variables that had persisted significantly modified since the baseline examination in the study group. No significant changes in any of the cervical characteristics were observed in controls. When the magnitude of change in cervical variables was compared over time between controls and the study group, median CL had increased in the study group (1.47 mm) while it had shortened in the control group (-2.56 mm). Additionally, ISA had widened in the study group (11.25°) while it had decreased in controls (-4.31°). These inverse trends in CL and ISA were statistically significant (p=0.006 and p=0.044, respectively). Cervical ultrasound assessment after pessary insertion allowed to detect 4 participants where the pessary was not correctly placed around the cervix (12.9%). Conclusions Cervical pessary reduces both UCA and increases ISA; consequently, the pessary corrects cervical angulation by pushing the cervix up towards the uterus and maintaining the cervix aligned to the uterine axis, which leads to reduced cervical tissue stretch. Additionally, pessary stabilises the cervical structure by increasing cervical consistency and avoiding cervical shortening. All these changes led to a lower risk of sPTB and severe APO. Transvaginal ultrasound after pessary insertion should be always performed in order to ascertain its correct placement around the cervix. Our results help to better understand in which patients the pessary is more likely to be successful or if contrarily, alternative or additional treatments should be considered. Further research is needed to assess the effectivity of applying alternative, sequential or additional treatments to reduce prematurity and our results should be considered when designing such studies.
Conangla, Ferrin Laura. "Validez de la ecografía pulmonar en el diagnóstico de la insuficiencia cardiaca en atención primaria". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670456.
Texto completoLa insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) es una enfermedad de elevada prevalencia que se asocia a un importante deterioro en la calidad de vida, así como mal pronóstico. La Atención Primaria (AP) es decisiva en el diagnóstico precoz de la IC; los pacientes que se diagnostican de forma ambulatoria en fases poco evolucionadas presentan menor tasa de reingreso y menor mortalidad al año. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico de IC en AP es complejo dado el inicio insidioso de los síntomas, a menudo inespecíficos y atribuibles a otras causas. Diferentes estudios realizados en el ámbito de AP ponen de manifiesto la dificultad del diagnóstico con las exploraciones habitualmente disponibles. La ecografía portátil es una herramienta práctica que permite evaluar la congestión pulmonar. En Urgencias hospitalarias y Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos ha demostrado su utilidad en el abordaje del paciente con disnea aguda, así como en las consultas externas ambulatorias para el seguimiento de IC crónica. Sin embargo, su papel en el diagnóstico de IC no ha sido explorado en el ámbito de AP. El objetivo principal del estudio fue investigar la utilidad de la ecografía pulmonar en el proceso diagnóstico de la IC de novo en pacientes con sospecha clínica atendidos en las consultas de AP. Para ello se han evaluado pacientes ambulatorios con sospecha de IC, derivados por su médico de cabecera para determinación de NT-proBNP. Se han explorado mediante ecografía pulmonar un total de 12 áreas torácicas, 6 en cada hemitórax: 2 áreas anteriores, 2 laterales y 2 posteriores. Cada área ha sido considerada positiva para congestión cuando se observaban >3 líneas B en el corte longitudinal (sagital). Se han considerado 2 criterios de congestión pulmonar: C1, 2 áreas positivas en cada hemitórax (en el abordaje de 8 áreas torácicas; anteriores y laterales); y C2, 2 áreas positivas en cada hemitórax (en el abordaje de 12 áreas torácicas; anteriores, laterales y posteriores). Se han excluido del análisis los pacientes con fibrosis pulmonar, y aquellos pacientes con cambios recientes en el tratamiento diurético (inicio o incremento de dosis), aunque se han registrado todos los datos en este subgrupo para un análisis comparativo posterior. El diagnóstico de IC fue establecido por un cardiólogo que contaba con toda la información clínica y analítica, así como ecocardiograma-Doppler, pero que era ciego al resultado de la ecografía pulmonar. Resultados: De los 223 pacientes evaluados, 4 se excluyeron por la presencia de fibrosis pulmonar (diagnóstico post-hoc), 54 por inicio o incremento de la dosis de diurético en los días previos a la ecografía pulmonar, y 3 no acudieron a la realización del ecocardiograma. Se analizaron 162 pacientes (75.6 ± 9.4 años, 70.4% mujeres). Se confirmó IC en 33 (20.4%) pacientes. Ambos criterios de congestión en la ecografía pulmonar, solos y en combinación con otros datos relevantes para el diagnóstico de IC (criterios de Framingham, niveles de NT-proBNP, y ECG), fueron precisos para identificar IC. El criterio C2 superó al criterio C1, mostrando una destacable especificidad (0.99) y valor predictivo positivo (0.92). C2, en combinación con criterios de Framingham, NT-proBNP, y ECG, añadió valor diagnóstico (AUC 0.90 con LUS-C2 vs 0.84 sin el mismo; p=0.006). En ausencia de NT-proBNP, la determinación de congestión pulmonar según C2 reclasificó un tercio de los pacientes más allá de los criterios de Framingham y el ECG [NRI 0.65 (0.04-1.1)]. Conclusiones: La ecografía pulmonar portátil es suficientemente precisa para confirmar IC en el contexto de AP en aquellos pacientes con sospecha clínica. Añadir la ecografía pulmonar a los métodos convencionales para el diagnóstico de IC en AP permitiría mejorar la precisión diagnóstica, sobretodo cuando no se disponga de acceso a la determinación de NT-proBNP.
Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent disease that leads to significant deterioration in quality of life and poor prognosis. Primary Care (PC) is decisive in the early diagnosis of HF, since patients who are diagnosed on an outpatient basis in underdeveloped phases have a lower rate of readmission and mortality per year. However, the diagnosis of HF in PC is complex given the insidious onset of symptoms, often nonspecific and attributable to other causes, and different studies conducted in the area of PC show the difficulty of diagnosis with conventional methods. Portable ultrasound is a practical tool that allows the assessment of pulmonary congestion, but its usefulness in the field of Primary Care has not yet been sufficiently explored. The aim of the study was to investigate whether lung ultrasound improves diagnostic accuracy in outpatients with clinically suspected HF in PC. We evaluated outpatients with suspected HF in the community, referred by their GP for determination of NT-proBNP. Patients with lung fibrosis have been excluded. A total of 12 thoracic areas have been explored using lung ultrasound, 6 in each hemithorax: 2 anterior, 2 lateral and 2 posterior. Each area has been considered positive for congestion when >3 B lines were observed in the longitudinal (sagittal) section. We have considered two criteria of pulmonary congestion: C1, 2 positive areas in each hemithorax (in the approach of 8 chest areas; anterior and lateral); and C2, 2 positive areas in each hemithorax (in the approach of 12 chest areas; anterior, lateral and posterior). Patients with recent changes in diuretic treatment (initiation or increase in dose) have been excluded from the analysis, although all data in this subgroup have been recorded for later comparative analysis. A cardiologist blind to lung ultrasound was responsible for validating the diagnosis of HF. Results: Of the 223 patients prospectively evaluated, 4 were excluded due to pulmonary fibrosis in advanced lung disease (post-hoc diagnosis), 54 due to an increase in diuretic dose prior to lung ultrasound, and 3 did not undergo to echocardiogram. 162 patients (75.6 ± 9.4 years, 70.4% women) had been analyzed. HF has been confirmed in 33 (20.4%) patients. Both pulmonary congestion criteria by ultrasound, alone and in combination with other diagnostic criteria for HF (Framingham criteria, NT-proBNP levels, and ECG), were accurate to identify HF. LUS-C2 exceeded LUS-C1, showing remarkable specificity (0.99) and positive predictive value (0.92). LUS-C2, in combination with Framingham, NT-proBNP, and ECG criteria, added diagnostic value (AUC 0.90 with LUS-C2 vs. 0.84 without it; p=0.006). In absence of NT-proBNP, LUS-C2 reclassified a third of the patients beyond the criteria of Framingham and ECG [NRI 0.65 (0.04-1.1)]. Conclusions: Portable lung ultrasound is accurate enough to confirm congestion in HF in the context of PC. The accuracy of the diagnostic algorithm for HF in PC is reinforced by the incorporation of ultrasound, apparently despite the availability of NT-proBNP.
Maravall, Royo Francisco Javier. "Valores de referencia del volumen tiroideo por ecografía". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2185.
Texto completoLa determinación del volumen tiroideo es importante en el diagnóstico de las enfermedades tiroideas, para valorar estrategias terapéuticas y la eficacia de los tratamientos; así mismo es esencial en estudios epidemiológicos, para establecer la prevalencia de las enfermedades tiroideas, principalmente el bocio endémico y las áreas yododeficientes, y para elaborar programas preventivos, como la suplementación con yodo.
La exploración física es una técnica poco fiable para determinar el volumen tiroideo y la prevalencia de bocio, pese a la utilización de métodos estandarizados. Por otro lado, existen diferentes técnicas para valorar el volumen del tiroides, si bien la ecografía es el método de elección para valorar el volumen tiroideo en estudios poblacionales.
Diversos factores están relacionados con la regulación del volumen tiroideo, y por tanto influyen en su variabilidad. Diferencias en la ingesta de yodo, los factores ambientales, y las variables antropométricas y de composición corporal contribuyen a crear diferencias en los valores obtenidos en diferentes áreas geográficas.
Estas variables pueden contribuir a encontrar diferencias significativas de volumen tiroideo, en la misma área geográfica, en sujetos con patologías que cursen con modificación de la composición corporal, como es el caso de la diabetes mellitus. En pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 se han objetivado diferencias en la composición corporal, concretamente mayor masa magra, y menor masa grasa.
Las hormonas tiroideas y la leptina influyen sobre aspectos similares de la homeostasis corporal; se ha objetivado la existencia del efecto directo de la T3 sobre la secreción de leptina, y la presencia de disfunción tiroidea en pacientes con déficit de leptina y con anormalidades en el receptor de la leptina sugieren que la leptina y el eje hipófiso-tiroideo están estrechamente relacionados.
Los objetivos de nuestro estudio fueron:
- Establecer valores de referencia del volumen tiroideo, y sus determinantes, en sujetos adultos sanos.
- Determinar el grado de yododeficiencia en una zona de Cataluña no estudiada previamente.
- Comparar el volumen tiroideo en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y sujetos normales, y analizar si las diferencias están en relación con variaciones en variables antropométricas y de composición corporal.
- Estudiar la relación entre el eje hipófiso-tiroideo y la leptina, en adultos sanos, ya que ambos juegan un papel relevante en la regulación fisiológica de la homeostasis energética.
2.- SUJETOS Y MÉTODOS:
Los sujetos sanos fueron reclutados de la población de L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, de manera aleatoria se seleccionaron 880 personas del censo de 1996 (280,000 habitantes), de edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 70 años, y se estratificaron por edad y sexo. Los sujetos fueron invitados a participar en el estudio mediante carta y llamada telefónica, y en caso necesario se les informó verbalmente en sus domicilios. Finalmente, 268 sujetos sanos fueron analizados, 134 hombres y 134 mujeres, cuya distribución por sexo y edad fue representativa de la población de L'Hospitalet de Llobregat.
Entre 1993 y 1997 todos los pacientes recientemente diagnosticados de diabetes mellitus tipo 1, y controlados en nuestro Servicio, fueron incluidos en un estudio de prevalencia e influencia de la autoinmunidad tiroidea durante los primeros años de evolución de la enfermedad. En 1999, la cohorte inicial de pacientes (n = 111) menores de 40 años que continuaron el seguimiento en nuestra Unidad fueron invitados a participar en el estudio sobre el volumen tiroideo, y 83 aceptaron. Se excluyeron los sujetos con patología tiroidea, finalmente 65 pacientes (36 hombres y 29 mujeres) fueron analizados.
A todos los sujetos se les realizó la historia clínica, determinación de parámetros antropométricos, composición corporal por bioimpedanciometría, analítica (tirotropina, anticuerpos antiperoxidasa tiroidea, leptina, y HbA1c en los sujetos diabéticos), determinación de la excreción urinaria de yodo, y una ecografía tiroidea para valorar el volumen del tiroides, mediante el método de Brunn.
Cada paciente con diabetes mellitus fue apareado con un sujeto control procedente del grupo de población sana, del mismo sexo y edad (+/- 2 años).
3.- RESULTADOS:
Los resultados de nuestro estudio se distribuyeron en cuatro publicaciones.
En el primer trabajo se muestran los valores del volumen tiroideo ecográfico, en nuestra población adulta no yododeficiente: mediana 7'31 mL, media 8'22 mL, con un intervalo de confianza de 7'75 - 8'69 mL. Se han elaborado unas tablas en las que se distribuyen los valores por sexos e intervalos de edad, lo cual permite establecer valores de referencia del volumen tiroideo para nuestra población. Estos datos son extrapolables a otras zonas no deficientes en yodo, ya que son similares a otros estudios en poblaciones europeas.
En el segundo trabajo se estudian los determinantes del volumen tiroideo en esta población, mostrando las correlaciones con la edad, el sexo, y variables antropométricas, biológicas y de composición corporal, siendo la superficie corporal el determinante principal. El análisis demuestra que en las zonas yodosuficientes, la yoduria no es un factor importante en el volumen del tiroides.
En el tercer trabajo se demuestra que el volumen tiroideo de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 es mayor que en sujetos sanos, y que se debe a diferencias en la composición corporal, especialmente la masa no grasa.
En el cuarto trabajo se describe la correlación entre las variables antropométricas, biológicas y de composición corporal, con el volumen tiroideo y la leptina, y la diferente regulación de estos parámetros en hombres y mujeres.
Arcangeli, Tiziana <1980>. "Effetto dell'analgesia epidurale sulla progressione della testa fetale valutata mediante ecografia 3D". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6286/.
Texto completoObjectives: To assess the effect of epidural analgesia on sonographic progression of fetal head in second stage of labor. Methods: Nulliparous low-risk women at term (37+0-42+0) attending the labor ward of our University Hospital were recruited for the purpose of this study. A volume dataset was acquired by translabial ultrasound every 20 minutes from the beginning of the active second stage until delivery. A series of sonographic parameters were derived from offline analysis of each volume (angle of progression, progression distance, head symphysis distance and midline angle). All parameters were compared at each time interval between patients with or without elective epidural at the onset of labor. Results: 71 patients were recruited in the study; 41 (57.7%) of them in the epidural group. Spontaneous vaginal delivery was achieved in 58 (81.7%) cases. Vacuum delivery and Cesarean section were performed in 8 (11.3%) and 5 (7.0%) cases, respectively. All ultrasound parameters values were comparable at each time interval in the epidural and non-epidural group. Conclusions: Fetal head progression, longitudinally assessed by three-dimensional ultrasound, seems to be comparable in patients submitted or not to epidural administration.
Gonçalves, Fausto da Silva. "Avaliação dos parâmetros de imagens de massas anexiais pélvicas em tele-ecografia". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/366.
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Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, is a diagnostic imaging procedure necessary for the accurate treatment of at least 25% of patients worldwide. While the imaging technology has evolved so dizzying, over 90% of all images required can be performed with simple machines to ultrasound and X- rays. There are data indicating Transvaginal Ultrasonography as one of the most effective methods for detecting ovarian tumors, to be safe, fast, easy to perform and well accepted by patients. It is the most frequently used test for this purpose due to its excellent cost / benefit ratio, being an innocuous and widely used method in the diagnosis of adnexal masses. Numerous studies have been conducted to differentiate adnexal masses and thereby reduce the number of patients subjected to inappropriate treatment. Objectives: Evaluation of sonographic parameters related with the morphological characteristics of pelvic adnexal masses by obtaining two-dimensional images taken by observer presence and sent electronically (via Tele-Ultrasound) in static mode and dynamic observers do not face (distance) for comparative analyzes inter-and intra-observer and validation of a second opinion. Methods: From March to August 2010 50 patients were selected for presenting viewing adnexal mass on ultrasound. The pelvic sonographic examinations were performed by cesarean section and by vaginal Imaging Unit in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Base in São José do Rio Preto. The adnexal masses were evaluated according to their morphological characteristics. Results: There was good inter-rater agreement independent of the modality (dynamic and static) used. Conclusions: The sonographic parameters of the morphological characteristics of pelvic adnexal masses directed by Tele-Ultrasound is capable of being validated for issuing a second opinion. There were no significant differences in the methodology employed in the issue of tele-ultrasound images (static or dynamic) to characterize the composition of pelvic adnexal masses.
Introdução: De acordo com a Organização Mundial de Saúde, o diagnóstico por imagem é um procedimento necessário para o tratamento acurado de pelo menos 25% dos pacientes em todo o mundo. Embora a tecnologia de imagem tenha evoluído de forma vertiginosa, mais de 90% de todas as imagens necessárias podem ser realizadas com máquinas simples de Ultrassonografia e Raios-X. Há dados indicando a Ultrassonografia Transvaginal como um dos métodos mais efetivos para detecção de tumores ovarianos, por ser seguro, rápido, fácil de realizar e bem aceito pelas pacientes. É o exame mais utilizado para esse propósito devido a sua excelente relação custo/benefício, ser um método inócuo e amplamente utilizado no diagnóstico de massas anexiais. Inúmeros estudos têm sido realizados para diferenciar as massas anexiais e assim reduzir o número de pacientes submetidas a tratamentos inadequados. Objetivos: Avaliação dos parâmetros ultrassonográficos relacionados com as características morfológicas de massas anexiais pélvicas através da obtenção de imagens bidimensionais realizadas por observador presencial e encaminhadas eletronicamente (via Tele-Ecografia) no modo estático e dinâmico a observadores não presenciais (à distância) para análises comparativas inter e intra- observadores e validação de uma segunda opinião. Casuística e métodos: No período de março a agosto de 2010 foram selecionadas 50 pacientes por apresentarem visualização de massa anexial ao exame ecográfico. Os exames ultrassonográficos pélvicos foram realizados por via abdominal e por via endovaginal na Unidade de Imagenologia do Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto. As massas anexiais foram avaliadas de acordo com suas características morfológicas. Resultados: Houve uma boa concordância inter-examinadores independente da modalidade (dinâmica e estática) utilizada. Conclusões: Os parâmetros ultrassonográficos das características morfológicas de massas anexiais pélvicas encaminhadas por Tele-Ecografia são passíveis de serem validadas para a emissão de uma segunda opinião. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto à metodologia empregada na emissão das imagens tele-ecograficas (estática ou dinâmica) na caracterização da composição das massas anexiais pélvicas.
Penteado, Luis Guilherme Storino. "O valor prognostico da ecografia na performance do DIU TCU 200 B". [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309856.
Texto completoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar a utiIidade da ecografia como Indicador de prognóstico da performance dos DIUs com cobre, foi realizado um estudo prospectivo, duplo-cego, com a participação de 447 mulheres que receberam um TCu 200-8, no Ambulatório de Planejamento Fami li a r da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Gampinas...Observação: O resumo, na integra, podera ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital.
Abstract: With the objective of evaluating the ab I II ty of ecography In predlcting the performance of copper' IUOS, ít waa undertaken a prospectlve study, double-bllnded,' wlth the particlpation of 447 i women In whom a TCu 200-8 was inserted, In the Fami I y PI ann I ng C I i n I c of the Faculty of Medlcine of the State Un i ver 5 I t y of Campinas...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Mestre em Medicina
Antialón, Burga Jaime Daniel. "Valoración del diagnóstico por ecografía Doppler color y ecografía en modo B en la circular de cordón en gestantes a término". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2881.
Texto completoTesis
Almeida, Isabel Carolina de Carvalho Bastos de. "Perfomance do transverso do abdómen : recurso à ecografia como informação de retorno extrínseca". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6326.
Texto completoCABRAL, Henrique Mendes. "Impacto da ecografia de bolso no diagnóstico e gestão terapêutica em zonas remotas". Master's thesis, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11392.
Texto completoIntroduction: In remote areas imagiological resources are limited. Pocketultrasound is a new, affordable technique, which may benefit these patients. Purpose: Assess the impact of Pocket-ultrasound in diagnosis and patient management at remote areas. Methods: During four months in 2010, an observational study, was conducted in Angolares District, São Tomé and Principe. During clinical evaluation, patients with formal indication were subject to Pocket-ultrasound (Siemens® Acuson-P10). Based on semiology, the practitioner registered a case report form including diagnosis, diagnostic confidence (Likert Scale) and therapeutic management. This information was reassessed after the ultrasound. Cases were peer-reviewed, to determine the presence of new relevant information and changes in Diagnosis or Therapeutic Management. Differences in costs with therapeutic management were registered. Data was analysed in SPSS® using Descriptive statistics and Fisher-exact, Mcnemar, Chi-Square, Wilcoxon-Signed-Ranks tests. Results: In a context of general practice, 84 ultrasound exams were performed in 76 patients (12,8% of patients observed). Pocket-ultrasound added relevant information in 79,8% of cases, changed Diagnosis in 52,4% and Therapeutic Management in 59,5%. There was an increase in diagnostic confidence (p<0,01), and a decrease in total therapeutic management costs (p<0,05). From the first two-month period to the second, there was a decrease in exams per patient observed with an increase in the relative risk of ultrasound not adding relevant information [4,31; 95% CI 1,5-12;χ2=9,87, p<0,01]. Impacto da Ecografia de Bolso no Diagnóstico e Gestão Terapêutica em Zonas Remotas Conclusion: In this context, Pocket-Ultrasound increased clinical diagnosis quality and decreased costs with patient management, reducing time to definitive diagnosis and risks of unnecessary therapies. This technology as a complement of the physical examination, although observer-dependent, seems to be beneficial to patients in remote areas. The increase of accuracy in semiological diagnosis during the study suggests the need for further investigation on informal learning and Pocketultrasound.
Martins, Bianca da Costa [UNESP]. "Características ecográficas da lente cataratogênica senil em cães (Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) e sua correlação com parâmetros de facoemulsificação". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101140.
Texto completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O restabelecimento da visão em pacientes acometidos por catarata constituiu-se objetivo daqueles que militam na oftalmologia. Novas tecnicas operatórias, como a facoemulsificação, foram desenvolvidas e aprimoradas a fimde se obterem melhores resultados terapeuticos. Entretanto, alguns tipos de catarata, como a senil, ainda são um desafio para os cirurgiões, em especial por apresentarem o núcleo da lente duro, uma cápsula mais frágil e um cortex denso ou liquefeito. A avaliação da lente pela ultra-sonografia, previamente à facoemulsificação, pode fornecer informações relevantes, notadamente qunato ao seu aspecto e dimensões, permitindo delinear estratégias cirúrgicas mais seguras, com melhores resultados. Nesta pesquisa, estudaram-se as características ecográficas da lente com catarata e sua correlação com parâmetros de facoemulsificação, em 15 cães acometidos por catarata senil. Verificou-se que a ecografia em modo B auxilia na localização predictiva das opacidades, entretanto, não oferece dados conclusivos quanto à consistência das lentes. Concluiu-se, ainda que a biometria da lente não oferece dados consistentes quanto às características cirúrgicas da lente na facoemulsificação
The vision reestablishment in caractous patients is an important goal for ophthalmologists. New surgical techniques, such as phacoemulsification, have bee develped and improved to achive better therapeutics results. Nevertheless, some types of caracts, such as the senile, are considered a real challenge for surgeons, mainly for its hard nucleus, fragile capsule and dense or liquefied cortex. The ultrasonographic lens evaluation preview to phacoemulsification provides important information regarding its aspects and sizes, leading to the estabilishment of safer surgical strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the echographics aspects of the senile cataractous lens of dogs and its correlation to phacoemulsification parameters. It has been concluded that the mode B echography is helpful for the opacities location prediction; however, it does not provide conclusive data regarding the lens hardness. Also, that the lens biometry does not offer consistent data regarding the surgical aspects of lens during phacoemulsification
Marcos, Lapera Celia. "Correlación entre ecografia Doppler tridimensional y factores de neoangiogenesis tumoral en los miomas uterinos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31889.
Texto completo1. Title: “Correlation between the three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound and tumour neoangiogenesis factors in uterine leiomyomas”. 2. Objectives : Determination if there is statistically significant correlation between some of the vascular indexes and some inmunohistochemistry parameters. Determinate if there are differences between leiomyoma´s vascularization and the one obtained in the myometrial tissue. 3. Material and methods: 17 women with uterine leiomyoma participated in this study realized between January 2005 and December 2007. The sample was not homogeneous, the average age was 45 years old and the range was between 30 and 55 years old. Each patient was studied with three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound and submitted to surgery. The leiomyomas were studied with inmunohistochemistry. All patients went through the following process: 1) Anamnesis 2) Ultrasound study 3) blood test and surgery the same day The ultrasound study consist of : 1st Ultrasound transvaginal study 2D. 2nd The leiomyomas ultrasound study 3D and calculate the leiomyoma volume. 3rd Vascular leiomyoma study with Power Doppler 3D : VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided Analysis) was used to obtain three Vascular Indexes. The patients were submitted to surgery within the next 48 hours after ultrasound study. A sample of each leiomyoma and miometrium was sent to the laboratory for inmunohistochemistry study after surgery. 4. Results : There is statistically significant correlation between the Vascular Index (VI) and vascular parameters : Vascular Area (VA) (p=0,007), Vascular Density (VD) (p=0,007) and Microvascular Density (MD) (p=0,032). There is statistically significant correlation between the Vascular-Flow Index (VFI) and the parameters : Vascular Area (VA) (p=0,028) and Vascular Density (VD) (p=0,028). There is statistically significant correlation between Flow Index (FI) and the leiomyoma volume (p=0,023). The expression of CD34 confirmed a bigger number of capillaries, small vessels and the total amount of vessels in the miometrium. 5. Conclusion : The indexes obtained with 3D Doppler ultrasound proved to be correct which confirms that it is a valid non-invasive method to quantify vascularization.
Sanz, de Galdeano Aleixandre Elena. "Aportaciones de la ecografia de la semana 12 al control gestacional en gestaciones únicas". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/77719.
Texto completoMETHODS This paper collects the results of the first trimestre screening programme for Down síndrome implemented in the Hospital General Universitario of Valencia between June 2000 and December 2002. In this programme the patients were classified into 3 risk groups: - High risk (risk by maternal age + NT > 1/200): fetal cariotype indicated. - Low risk ( risk < 1/750): no special measures taken. - Borderline risk (risk between 1/200 and 1/750): determination of second trimester biochemical markers (alfafetoprotein and β-HCG) and combination with the previous risk. If the global risk is > 1/300: fetal cariotype indicated. If the global risk is < 1/300: no special measures taken. RESULTS - We detected 10 cromosomal anomalies (8 Down syndromes, 1 Turner syndrome and 1 Patau syndrome). So, with this screening policy we achieved a detection rate of 100%, with a specificity of 97,80% and a PPV of 9,6%, for a positive rate of 2,2%. - Other values of the 12 week scan that have been analyzed are: the variability in the measurements taken by the different sonographers, the accuracy of the scan in the prediction of the delivery date and the prognosis of those gestations with increased NT and normal cariotype.
Angeletti, Rachele. "Studio e sviluppo di un metodo di detezione della camera atriale in ecografia intracardiaca". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8567/.
Texto completoMartí, Mestre Xavier. "Paper de l’ecografia doppler arterial com a mètode únic de presa de decisions terapèutiques en la isquèmia crítica dels membres inferiors". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397728.
Texto completoAIM: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the role of duplex ultrasound arterial mapping in decision making for surgical planning in critical limb ischemia. Justification: It implies an important change in evaluation of critical limb ischemia. It means to break traditional angiography diagnosis and espouse with a hemodynamic test, cheap, non invasive, less complex, but with less attractive image substrate, and highly dependant from explorer. METHOD: This thesis is compounded by three published papers as a sole thematic unit. That is, surgical planning of critical limb ischemia by means of duplex ultrasound as the sole test. The studies' samples include patients with critical limb ischemia. They were studied by means of ultrasound arterial mapping. Angiography was performed in case of non reliable duplex test. Decisions performed with duplex and final surgical decisions were matched. Angiographic decisions and final surgical decisions were matched too. Concordance between duplex and angiography decisions was matched in patients with both tests. First paper talks about patients with critical limb ischemia without farther ado. Second paper is restricted to diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia. It is assumed, they are more difficult to study by means of duplex. Third paper talks about the role of contrast enhanced ultrasound to improve the degree of decision of duplex test in patients with critical limb ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Duplex allows good surgical decision in critical limb ischemia, even in diabetic patients, like the sole test, and with respect angiographic test. 2. Use of contrast enhanced duplex ultrasound increases duplex precision in non reliable cases. 3. Contrast enhanced duplex ultrasound allows good surgical decision in critical limb ischemia, like the sole test, when simple duplex test is not enough reliable. 4. Contrast enhanced duplex ultrasound allows less use of angiography to plan surgical decisions in critical limb ischemia.
Muñoz, Rodríguez Jesús. "Valoración de los cambios vasculares y su repercusión en la función eréctil en pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical laparoscópica mediante estudio por ecografía doppler de pene y análisis de la calidad de vida". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671276.
Texto completoINTRODUCCIÓN: La disfunción eréctil peneana es un efecto que pueden sufrir los pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía radical(PR) por un cáncer de próstata. La aparición de dicho efecto dependerá de la edad, experiencia del cirujano y función eréctil previa. HIPÓTESIS: La PR laparoscópica producirá cambios anatómicos con afectación vascular a nivel pélvico, produciendo una alteración en los parámetros hemodinámicos de las arterias cavernosas(AC). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio retrospectivo de una base de datos prospectiva de pacientes sometidos a PR y a quienes se les practicó estudio ecografía doppler de pene(EDP) prequirúrgica y los 12 meses. Los pacientes también contestaron el test IIEF, EHS y los test de calidad de vida EORTC QLQ-C30 y PR-25 a nivel basal como a los 12 meses. OBJETIVO PRINCIPAL: Valorar los cambios que se producen en las AC en pacientes sometidos a PR laparoscópica medidos con EDP. OBJETIVOS SECUNDARIOS: Estudiar los cambios de la función sexual valorados por los cuestionarios IIEF y EHS, valorar el impacto hemodinámico de la preservación de haces neurovasculares estudiado mediante la EDP y describir los cambios en la calidad de vida mediante los cuestionarios EORTC QLQ-C-30 y QLQ-PR-25. RESULTADOS: Se ha hallado un descenso a los 12 meses de todos los parámetros hemodinámicos de ambas AC a excepción de la velocidad diastólica final de la AC izquierda que ha presentado un aumento. Sólo el descenso del diámetro de la AC derecha (media pre:0.725 mm vs. post:0.67 mm; p=0.033) y el descenso de la velocidad de pico sistólica de la AC derecha (media pre:32.66 cm/s vs. post:27.22 cm/s; p=0.004) ha presentado cambios significativos. El resto de parámetros han quedado muy próximos a la significancia estadística a excepción de la velocidad diastólica final de la AC derecha que ha quedado muy lejos de ser significativo el cambio. El dominio de función eréctil del IIEF ha presentado un descenso significativo (mediana pre:26 vs post:7; p<0.0001) así como el test EHS (grado I pre:2.4% vs. post:31.3%; p<0.0001). No hemos hallado diferencias en la EDP entre los pacientes sometidos a preservación de haces neurovasculares bilateral vs. los pacientes que no han podido preservarse ninguno de los haces. Tampoco se ha hallado cambios en los parámetros ecográficos en aquellos pacientes con preservación de haz unilateral entre el lado preservado vs. no preservado. La función emocional (media pre: 78.71vs. post:86.31;p<0.0001) del test EORTC QLQ-C-30 ha presentado un incremento estadísticamente y clínicamente significativo. Las dificultades financieras (media pre: 3.21 vs. post:14.40;p<0.0001) ha presentado un deterioro estadísticamente y clínicamente significativo. La función de rol, las diarreas y el ítem de calidad de vida QoL QLQ-C-30 ha presentado cambios estadísticamente significativos pero clínicamente no relevantes. La función sexual (media pre: 78.04 vs: post: 50.89;p<0.0001) del test QLQ-PR-25, los síntomas urinarios (media pre:14.95 vs. post:20.21;p=0.001) y los síntomas de incontinencia de orina (media:0 vs. post:17.51;p=0.038) ha presentado un deterioro estadísticamente y clínicamente significativo. CONCLUSIONES: La PR laparoscópica produce una disminución de los diámetros de las AC y de las velocidades de pico sistólica a los 12 meses de la cirugía en toda la población estudiada, un impacto negativo sobre la función sexual valorada con los cuestionarios IIEF y EHS a los 12 meses de la cirugía. La preservación de haces neurovasculares no ha presentado cambios significativos en los parámetros hemodinámicos de ambas AC. A los 12 meses de la PR hallamos un deterioro clínicamente significativo en la función sexual, y un aumento de síntomas urinarios y de la incontinencia urinaria, y un incremento de las dificultades financieras, mientras que hallamos una mejora clínicamente significativa de la función emocional.
INTRODUCTION: Penile erectile dysfunction is an effect that patients undergoing radical prostatectomy(RP) for prostate cancer can suffer. The appearance of this effect will depend on the age, experience of the surgeon and previous erectile function. HYPOTHESIS: Laparoscopic RP will produce anatomical changes with vascular involvement at the pelvic level, producing an alteration in the hemodynamic parameters of the cavernous arteries(CA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: a retrospective study of a prospective database of patients who underwent RP and who underwent pre-surgical penile Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) study and at 12 months. The patients also answered the IIEF, EHS and the EORTC QLQ-C30 and PR-25 quality of life tests at baseline and at 12 months. MAIN OBJECTIVE: To assess the changes that occur in CAs in patients undergoing laparoscopic RP measured with PDUS. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: To study the changes in sexual function assessed by the IIEF and EHS questionnaires, to assess the hemodynamic impact of the preservation of neurovascular bundles studied using PDUS and to describe the changes in quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-C-30 and QLQ-PR-25 questionnaires. RESULTS: A decrease was found at 12 months in all the hemodynamic parameters of both CAs except for the end-diastolic velocity of the left CA, which showed an increase. Only the decrease in the diameter of the right CA (mean pre: 0.725 mm vs. post: 0.67 mm; p=0.033) and the decrease in the peak systolic velocity of the right CA (mean pre: 32.66 cm/s vs. post: 27.22 cm/s; p=0.004) has presented significant changes. The rest of the parameters have remained very close to statistical significance except for the end-diastolic velocity of the right CA, which has remained far from being significant the change. The IIEF erectile function domain has shown a significant decrease (median pre: 26 vs post: 7; p<0.0001) as well as the EHS test (grade I pre: 2.4% vs. post: 31.3%; p<0.0001). We found no differences in PDUS between patients undergoing bilateral neurovascular bundle preservation vs. patients without preservation of the bundles. No changes have been found in the ultrasound parameters in those patients with unilateral bundle preservation between the preserved side vs. not preserved. The emotional function (mean pre: 78.71 vs. post: 86.31; p<0.0001) of the EORTC QLQ-C-30 test has presented a statistically and clinically significant increase. Financial difficulties (mean pre: 3.21 vs. post: 14.40; p<0.0001) has presented a statistically and clinically significant deterioration. The role function, diarrhea, and the QoL QLQ-C-30 quality of life item have presented statistically significant but clinically not relevant changes. Sexual function (mean pre: 78.04 vs. post: 50.89; p<0.0001) of the QLQ-PR-25 test, urinary symptoms (mean pre: 14.95 vs. post: 20.21; p=0.001) and incontinence symptoms of urine (mean: 0 vs. post: 17.51; p=0.038) has presented a statistically and clinically significant deterioration. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic RP produces a decrease in CAs diameters and peak systolic velocities 12 months after surgery in the entire population studied, a negative impact on sexual function assessed with the IIEF and EHS questionnaires at 12 months after surgery. The preservation of the neurovascular bundles has not presented significant changes in the hemodynamic parameters of both CAs. At 12 months after RP, we found a clinically significant deterioration in sexual function, an increase in urinary symptoms and urinary incontinence, and an increase in financial difficulties, while we found a clinically significant improvement in emotional function.
Baigorria, Belén, Natali Nieves y Noelia Romero. "Conocimiento de las embarazadas sobre hisopado vaginal, ecografía y serología". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2012. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/8616.
Texto completoFil: Baigorria, Belén. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Nieves, Natali. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Romero, Noelia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Ruiz, de Gauna Vives Beatriz. "Validación externa y análisis de reproduclbilidad de las denominadas Simple Rules propuestas por IOTA en la valoración ecográfica de tumores de ovario". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/291559.
Texto completoThe aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the IOTA simple rules for classifying adnexal masses when used in two centers with different ovarian cancer prevalence and experience on gynecological ultrasound and to estimate agreement between expert and non-expert examiners using the IOTA simple rules for classifying adnexal masses on real-time ultrasound and using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound volumes and digital clips A prospective study was performed between June 2012 and December 2013 in two different centers. Center A (Clinica Universitaria de Navarra) had high ovarian malignancy prevalence and the examiner was an expert in gynecological ultrasound and Center B (Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona) had low ovarian malignancy rates and the examiner had less experience in gynecological ultrasound. Eligible patients were all women diagnosed as having a persistent adnexal mass that were referred to each center. The two examiners had to analyze the masses according to IOTA simple rules providing a diagnosis of malignant, benign or inconclusive. Histologic diagnosis from tumors removed surgically was used as gold standard. In center A, some lesions classified as benign were managed by serial follow-up. These lesions were considered as benign for analytical purposes. The diagnostic performance was assessed by calculating the sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios. Sensitivity and specificity were compared using McNemar’s test. The rates of inconclusive masses were similar in both centers (17.4% and 18% for centers A and B respectively, being the difference not statistically significant. The ovarian malignancy prevalence was significantly higher in Center A as compared with center B (19.3% versus 11.3%), (p=0.04). The diagnostic performance in terms of sensitivity of IOTA rules is higher in a center with high prevalence of ovarian malignancy and with expert ultrasound examiner. About the reproducibility study it is the first study assessing interobserver agreement with regard to describing adnexal masses using the IOTA simple rules during real-time ultrasound. Agreement between the observers who performed real-time ultrasound examination was good (weighted kappa = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61–0.90; agreement = 78.6%). Agreement between trainees using videoclips plus 3D volumes was moderate (kappa values ranged from 0.45 to 0.58, depending on pair comparison).
Pertutti, Simone. "Sviluppo di tecniche di Speckle tracking per la correzione del movimento in ecografia epatica perfusionale". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7002/.
Texto completoDi, Donato Pamela <1984>. "Ecografia bidimensionale e con mezzo di contrasto nello studio delle patologie gastro-intestinali del gatto". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5710/.
Texto completoDiagnostic ultrasound is one of the preferred diagnostic tool for the evaluation of gastro-intestinal disorders in cats. In this doctoral thesis, the results of three different studies carried out using conventional and contrast enhanced ultrasonography for the evaluation of the gastro-intestinal tract of normal cats and cats affected by gastrointestinal disorders. The goal of the first study was to measure the thickness of the different intestinal layers in clinically normal cats. The thickness of the mucosal layer was significantly greater in the duodenum and jejunum, because of the greater size of intestinal villi. The submucosal and muscular layers were significantly thicker in the ileum, because of the abundant lymphoid aggregates and the physiological role of anatomical barrier between the small and large intestine, respectively. The second study was carried out as a collaboration between one Italian and one American center. The aim of the study was to measure ultrasonographically the thickness of the intestinal muscular layer in cats with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in cats with intestinal neoplasia. A thickened intestinal muscular layer was more frequently observed in cats with IBD but the thickness of this layer was not helpful in distinguishing cats affected by IBD or intestinal neoplasia. The aim of the third study was to describe the pattern of ultrasonographic contrast enhancement in cats with thickened intestinal muscular layer associated with IBD. In all cats with IBD, the increased thickness of the intestinal muscular layer was poorly associated with contrast enhancement compared to the other intestinal layers. Results confirm that thickening of the intestinal muscular layer in cats with IBD is not associated with significant increased vascularization of this intestinal layer.
Gandolfi, Colleoni Giulia <1974>. "Anomalie cerebellari fetali: confronto tra ecografia e risonanza magnetica prenatale e follow up a distanza". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3622/.
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